options.c

   1 #include <stdio.h>
   2 #include <stdlib.h>
   3 #include <unistd.h>
   4 #include <ctype.h>
   5 #include <string.h>
   6 #include <assert.h>
   7 #include <libgen.h>
   8 #include <fcntl.h>
   9 #include <sys/types.h>
  10 #include <sys/stat.h>
  11
  12 #include "fio.h"
  13 #include "verify.h"
  14 #include "parse.h"
  15 #include "lib/fls.h"
  16 #include "options.h"
  17
  18 #include "crc/crc32c.h"
  19
  20 /*
  21  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
  22  */
  23 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
  24 {
  25         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
  26
  27         if (!p)
  28                 return NULL;
  29
  30         p++;
  31         strip_blank_front(&p);
  32         strip_blank_end(p);
  33         return strdup(p);
  34 }
  35
  36 static int converthexchartoint(char a)
  37 {
  38         int base;
  39
  40         switch (a) {
  41         case '0'...'9':
  42                 base = '0';
  43                 break;
  44         case 'A'...'F':
  45                 base = 'A' - 10;
  46                 break;
  47         case 'a'...'f':
  48                 base = 'a' - 10;
  49                 break;
  50         default:
  51                 base = 0;
  52         }
  53         return a - base;
  54 }
  55
  56 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  57 {
  58         const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
  59         const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
  60
  61         return bsp1->perc < bsp2->perc;
  62 }
  63
  64 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_options *o, int ddir, char *str)
  65 {
  66         struct bssplit *bssplit;
  67         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
  68         unsigned int max_bs, min_bs;
  69         long long val;
  70         char *fname;
  71
  72         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] = 4;
  73         bssplit = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  74
  75         i = 0;
  76         max_bs = 0;
  77         min_bs = -1;
  78         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
  79                 char *perc_str;
  80
  81                 if (!strlen(fname))
  82                         break;
  83
  84                 /*
  85                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
  86                  */
  87                 if (i == o->bssplit_nr[ddir]) {
  88                         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] <<= 1;
  89                         bssplit = realloc(bssplit, o->bssplit_nr[ddir]
  90                                                   * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  91                 }
  92
  93                 perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
  94                 if (perc_str) {
  95                         *perc_str = '\0';
  96                         perc_str++;
  97                         perc = atoi(perc_str);
  98                         if (perc > 100)
  99                                 perc = 100;
 100                         else if (!perc)
 101                                 perc = -1;
 102                 } else
 103                         perc = -1;
 104
 105                 if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, o)) {
 106                         log_err("fio: bssplit conversion failed\n");
 107                         free(o->bssplit);
 108                         return 1;
 109                 }
 110
 111                 if (val > max_bs)
 112                         max_bs = val;
 113                 if (val < min_bs)
 114                         min_bs = val;
 115
 116                 bssplit[i].bs = val;
 117                 bssplit[i].perc = perc;
 118                 i++;
 119         }
 120
 121         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] = i;
 122
 123         /*
 124          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 125          */
 126         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 127         for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 128                 struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 129
 130                 if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 131                         perc_missing++;
 132                 else
 133                         perc += bsp->perc;
 134         }
 135
 136         if (perc > 100) {
 137                 log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 138                 free(bssplit);
 139                 return 1;
 140         }
 141         /*
 142          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 143          * them.
 144          */
 145         if (perc_missing) {
 146                 for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 147                         struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 148
 149                         if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 150                                 bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 151                 }
 152         }
 153
 154         o->min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
 155         o->max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
 156
 157         /*
 158          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 159          */
 160         qsort(bssplit, o->bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
 161         o->bssplit[ddir] = bssplit;
 162         return 0;
 163 }
 164
 165 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 166 {
 167         struct thread_data *td = data;
 168         char *str, *p, *odir, *ddir;
 169         int ret = 0;
 170
 171         p = str = strdup(input);
 172
 173         strip_blank_front(&str);
 174         strip_blank_end(str);
 175
 176         odir = strchr(str, ',');
 177         if (odir) {
 178                 ddir = strchr(odir + 1, ',');
 179                 if (ddir) {
 180                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, ddir + 1);
 181                         if (!ret)
 182                                 *ddir = '\0';
 183                 } else {
 184                         char *op;
 185
 186                         op = strdup(odir + 1);
 187                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 188
 189                         free(op);
 190                 }
 191                 if (!ret)
 192                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1);
 193                 if (!ret) {
 194                         *odir = '\0';
 195                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
 196                 }
 197         } else {
 198                 char *op;
 199
 200                 op = strdup(str);
 201                 ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, op);
 202                 free(op);
 203
 204                 if (!ret) {
 205                         op = strdup(str);
 206                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 207                         free(op);
 208                 }
 209                 ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
 210         }
 211
 212         free(p);
 213         return ret;
 214 }
 215
 216 static int str2error(char *str)
 217 {
 218         const char *err[] = { "EPERM", "ENOENT", "ESRCH", "EINTR", "EIO",
 219                             "ENXIO", "E2BIG", "ENOEXEC", "EBADF",
 220                             "ECHILD", "EAGAIN", "ENOMEM", "EACCES",
 221                             "EFAULT", "ENOTBLK", "EBUSY", "EEXIST",
 222                             "EXDEV", "ENODEV", "ENOTDIR", "EISDIR",
 223                             "EINVAL", "ENFILE", "EMFILE", "ENOTTY",
 224                             "ETXTBSY","EFBIG", "ENOSPC", "ESPIPE",
 225                             "EROFS","EMLINK", "EPIPE", "EDOM", "ERANGE" };
 226         int i = 0, num = sizeof(err) / sizeof(void *);
 227
 228         while (i < num) {
 229                 if (!strcmp(err[i], str))
 230                         return i + 1;
 231                 i++;
 232         }
 233         return 0;
 234 }
 235
 236 static int ignore_error_type(struct thread_data *td, int etype, char *str)
 237 {
 238         unsigned int i;
 239         int *error;
 240         char *fname;
 241
 242         if (etype >= ERROR_TYPE_CNT) {
 243                 log_err("Illegal error type\n");
 244                 return 1;
 245         }
 246
 247         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = 4;
 248         error = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
 249
 250         i = 0;
 251         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
 252
 253                 if (!strlen(fname))
 254                         break;
 255
 256                 /*
 257                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
 258                  */
 259                 if (i == td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]) {
 260                         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] <<= 1;
 261                         error = realloc(error, td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]
 262                                                   * sizeof(int));
 263                 }
 264                 if (fname[0] == 'E') {
 265                         error[i] = str2error(fname);
 266                 } else {
 267                         error[i] = atoi(fname);
 268                         if (error[i] < 0)
 269                                 error[i] = error[i];
 270                 }
 271                 if (!error[i]) {
 272                         log_err("Unknown error %s, please use number value \n",
 273                                   fname);
 274                         free(error);
 275                         return 1;
 276                 }
 277                 i++;
 278         }
 279         if (i) {
 280                 td->o.continue_on_error |= 1 << etype;
 281                 td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = i;
 282                 td->o.ignore_error[etype] = error;
 283         }
 284         return 0;
 285
 286 }
 287
 288 static int str_ignore_error_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 289 {
 290         struct thread_data *td = data;
 291         char *str, *p, *n;
 292         int type = 0, ret = 1;
 293         p = str = strdup(input);
 294
 295         strip_blank_front(&str);
 296         strip_blank_end(str);
 297
 298         while (p) {
 299                 n = strchr(p, ',');
 300                 if (n)
 301                         *n++ = '\0';
 302                 ret = ignore_error_type(td, type, p);
 303                 if (ret)
 304                         break;
 305                 p = n;
 306                 type++;
 307         }
 308         free(str);
 309         return ret;
 310 }
 311
 312 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 313 {
 314         struct thread_data *td = data;
 315         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
 316         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 317
 318         o->ddir_seq_nr = 1;
 319         o->ddir_seq_add = 0;
 320
 321         if (!nr)
 322                 return 0;
 323
 324         if (td_random(td))
 325                 o->ddir_seq_nr = atoi(nr);
 326         else {
 327                 long long val;
 328
 329                 if (str_to_decimal(nr, &val, 1, o)) {
 330                         log_err("fio: rw postfix parsing failed\n");
 331                         free(nr);
 332                         return 1;
 333                 }
 334
 335                 o->ddir_seq_add = val;
 336         }
 337
 338         free(nr);
 339         return 0;
 340 }
 341
 342 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 343 {
 344         struct thread_data *td = data;
 345
 346         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAP)
 347                 td->o.mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
 348
 349         return 0;
 350 }
 351
 352 static int fio_clock_source_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 353 {
 354         struct thread_data *td = data;
 355
 356         fio_clock_source = td->o.clocksource;
 357         fio_clock_source_set = 1;
 358         fio_clock_init();
 359         return 0;
 360 }
 361
 362 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 363 {
 364         struct thread_data *td = data;
 365
 366         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
 367         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
 368         return 0;
 369 }
 370
 371 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 372 {
 373         struct thread_data *td = data;
 374
 375         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
 376         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
 377         return 0;
 378 }
 379
 380 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
 381 {
 382         exitall_on_terminate = 1;
 383         return 0;
 384 }
 385
 386 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 387 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 388 {
 389         struct thread_data *td = data;
 390         unsigned int i;
 391         long max_cpu;
 392         int ret;
 393
 394         ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
 395         if (ret < 0) {
 396                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 397                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 398                 return 1;
 399         }
 400
 401         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 402
 403         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
 404                 if ((1 << i) & *val) {
 405                         if (i > max_cpu) {
 406                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
 407                                                                 max_cpu);
 408                                 return 1;
 409                         }
 410                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
 411                         fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
 412                 }
 413         }
 414
 415         td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 416         return 0;
 417 }
 418
 419 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
 420                             const char *input)
 421 {
 422         char *cpu, *str, *p;
 423         long max_cpu;
 424         int ret = 0;
 425
 426         ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
 427         if (ret < 0) {
 428                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 429                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 430                 return 1;
 431         }
 432
 433         p = str = strdup(input);
 434
 435         strip_blank_front(&str);
 436         strip_blank_end(str);
 437
 438         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 439
 440         while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
 441                 char *str2, *cpu2;
 442                 int icpu, icpu2;
 443
 444                 if (!strlen(cpu))
 445                         break;
 446
 447                 str2 = cpu;
 448                 icpu2 = -1;
 449                 while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
 450                         if (!strlen(cpu2))
 451                                 break;
 452
 453                         icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
 454                 }
 455
 456                 icpu = atoi(cpu);
 457                 if (icpu2 == -1)
 458                         icpu2 = icpu;
 459                 while (icpu <= icpu2) {
 460                         if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
 461                                 log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
 462                                         " %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
 463                                 ret = 1;
 464                                 break;
 465                         }
 466                         if (icpu > max_cpu) {
 467                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
 468                                                         icpu, max_cpu);
 469                                 ret = 1;
 470                                 break;
 471                         }
 472
 473                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
 474                         fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
 475                         icpu++;
 476                 }
 477                 if (ret)
 478                         break;
 479         }
 480
 481         free(p);
 482         if (!ret)
 483                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 484         return ret;
 485 }
 486
 487 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 488 {
 489         struct thread_data *td = data;
 490         int ret;
 491
 492         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
 493         if (!ret)
 494                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 495
 496         return ret;
 497 }
 498
 499 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 500 {
 501         struct thread_data *td = data;
 502         int ret;
 503
 504         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
 505         if (!ret)
 506                 td->o.verify_cpumask_set = 1;
 507
 508         return ret;
 509 }
 510 #endif
 511
 512 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
 513 static int str_numa_cpunodes_cb(void *data, char *input)
 514 {
 515         struct thread_data *td = data;
 516
 517         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 518          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 519          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 520          * numa_free_nodemask().
 521          */
 522         td->o.numa_cpunodesmask = numa_parse_nodestring(input);
 523         if (td->o.numa_cpunodesmask == NULL) {
 524                 log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 525                 td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_cpunodes_cb");
 526                 return 1;
 527         }
 528
 529         td->o.numa_cpumask_set = 1;
 530         return 0;
 531 }
 532
 533 static int str_numa_mpol_cb(void *data, char *input)
 534 {
 535         struct thread_data *td = data;
 536         const char * const policy_types[] =
 537                 { "default", "prefer", "bind", "interleave", "local", NULL };
 538         int i;
 539
 540         char *nodelist = strchr(input, ':');
 541         if (nodelist) {
 542                 /* NUL-terminate mode */
 543                 *nodelist++ = '\0';
 544         }
 545
 546         for (i = 0; i <= MPOL_LOCAL; i++) {
 547                 if (!strcmp(input, policy_types[i])) {
 548                         td->o.numa_mem_mode = i;
 549                         break;
 550                 }
 551         }
 552         if (i > MPOL_LOCAL) {
 553                 log_err("fio: memory policy should be: default, prefer, bind, interleave, local\n");
 554                 goto out;
 555         }
 556
 557         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 558         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 559                 /*
 560                  * Insist on a nodelist of one node only
 561                  */
 562                 if (nodelist) {
 563                         char *rest = nodelist;
 564                         while (isdigit(*rest))
 565                                 rest++;
 566                         if (*rest) {
 567                                 log_err("fio: one node only for \'prefer\'\n");
 568                                 goto out;
 569                         }
 570                 } else {
 571                         log_err("fio: one node is needed for \'prefer\'\n");
 572                         goto out;
 573                 }
 574                 break;
 575         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 576                 /*
 577                  * Default to online nodes with memory if no nodelist
 578                  */
 579                 if (!nodelist)
 580                         nodelist = strdup("all");
 581                 break;
 582         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 583         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 584                 /*
 585                  * Don't allow a nodelist
 586                  */
 587                 if (nodelist) {
 588                         log_err("fio: NO nodelist for \'local\'\n");
 589                         goto out;
 590                 }
 591                 break;
 592         case MPOL_BIND:
 593                 /*
 594                  * Insist on a nodelist
 595                  */
 596                 if (!nodelist) {
 597                         log_err("fio: a nodelist is needed for \'bind\'\n");
 598                         goto out;
 599                 }
 600                 break;
 601         }
 602
 603
 604         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 605          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 606          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 607          * numa_free_nodemask().
 608          */
 609         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 610         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 611                 td->o.numa_mem_prefer_node = atoi(nodelist);
 612                 break;
 613         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 614         case MPOL_BIND:
 615                 td->o.numa_memnodesmask = numa_parse_nodestring(nodelist);
 616                 if (td->o.numa_memnodesmask == NULL) {
 617                         log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 618                         td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_memnodes_cb");
 619                         return 1;
 620                 }
 621                 break;
 622         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 623         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 624         default:
 625                 break;
 626         }
 627
 628         td->o.numa_memmask_set = 1;
 629         return 0;
 630
 631 out:
 632         return 1;
 633 }
 634 #endif
 635
 636 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 637 {
 638         struct thread_data *td = data;
 639         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 640
 641         td->file_service_nr = 1;
 642         if (nr) {
 643                 td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
 644                 free(nr);
 645         }
 646
 647         return 0;
 648 }
 649
 650 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
 651 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 652 {
 653         struct thread_data *td = data;
 654         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 655
 656         td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
 657         if (nr) {
 658                 td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
 659                 free(nr);
 660         }
 661
 662         return 0;
 663 }
 664 #endif
 665
 666 static int str_random_distribution_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 667 {
 668         struct thread_data *td = data;
 669         double val;
 670         char *nr;
 671
 672         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF)
 673                 val = 1.1;
 674         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO)
 675                 val = 0.2;
 676         else
 677                 return 0;
 678
 679         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 680         if (nr && !str_to_float(nr, &val)) {
 681                 log_err("fio: random postfix parsing failed\n");
 682                 free(nr);
 683                 return 1;
 684         }
 685
 686         free(nr);
 687
 688         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF) {
 689                 if (val == 1.00) {
 690                         log_err("fio: zipf theta must different than 1.0\n");
 691                         return 1;
 692                 }
 693                 td->o.zipf_theta.u.f = val;
 694         } else {
 695                 if (val <= 0.00 || val >= 1.00) {
 696                         log_err("fio: pareto input out of range (0 < input < 1.0)\n");
 697                         return 1;
 698                 }
 699                 td->o.pareto_h.u.f = val;
 700         }
 701
 702         return 0;
 703 }
 704
 705 /*
 706  * Return next file in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
 707  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
 708  * indicate a new file.
 709  */
 710 static char *get_next_file_name(char **ptr)
 711 {
 712         char *str = *ptr;
 713         char *p, *start;
 714
 715         if (!str || !strlen(str))
 716                 return NULL;
 717
 718         start = str;
 719         do {
 720                 /*
 721                  * No colon, we are done
 722                  */
 723                 p = strchr(str, ':');
 724                 if (!p) {
 725                         *ptr = NULL;
 726                         break;
 727                 }
 728
 729                 /*
 730                  * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
 731                  * continue
 732                  */
 733                 if (p == start) {
 734                         str = ++start;
 735                         continue;
 736                 }
 737
 738                 if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
 739                         *p = '\0';
 740                         *ptr = p + 1;
 741                         break;
 742                 }
 743
 744                 memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
 745                 str = p;
 746         } while (1);
 747
 748         return start;
 749 }
 750
 751 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 752 {
 753         struct thread_data *td = data;
 754         char *fname, *str, *p;
 755
 756         p = str = strdup(input);
 757
 758         strip_blank_front(&str);
 759         strip_blank_end(str);
 760
 761         if (!td->files_index)
 762                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 763
 764         while ((fname = get_next_file_name(&str)) != NULL) {
 765                 if (!strlen(fname))
 766                         break;
 767                 add_file(td, fname);
 768                 td->o.nr_files++;
 769         }
 770
 771         free(p);
 772         return 0;
 773 }
 774
 775 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 776 {
 777         struct thread_data *td = data;
 778         struct stat sb;
 779
 780         if (parse_dryrun())
 781                 return 0;
 782
 783         if (lstat(td->o.directory, &sb) < 0) {
 784                 int ret = errno;
 785
 786                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 787                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 788                 return 1;
 789         }
 790         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 791                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 792                 return 1;
 793         }
 794
 795         return 0;
 796 }
 797
 798 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 799 {
 800         struct thread_data *td = data;
 801
 802         if (!td->files_index)
 803                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 804
 805         return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
 806 }
 807
 808 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 809 {
 810         struct thread_data *td = data;
 811         long off;
 812         int i = 0, j = 0, len, k, base = 10, pattern_length;
 813         char *loc1, *loc2;
 814
 815         loc1 = strstr(input, "0x");
 816         loc2 = strstr(input, "0X");
 817         if (loc1 || loc2)
 818                 base = 16;
 819         off = strtol(input, NULL, base);
 820         if (off != LONG_MAX || errno != ERANGE) {
 821                 while (off) {
 822                         td->o.verify_pattern[i] = off & 0xff;
 823                         off >>= 8;
 824                         i++;
 825                 }
 826         } else {
 827                 len = strlen(input);
 828                 k = len - 1;
 829                 if (base == 16) {
 830                         if (loc1)
 831                                 j = loc1 - input + 2;
 832                         else
 833                                 j = loc2 - input + 2;
 834                 } else
 835                         return 1;
 836                 if (len - j < MAX_PATTERN_SIZE * 2) {
 837                         while (k >= j) {
 838                                 off = converthexchartoint(input[k--]);
 839                                 if (k >= j)
 840                                         off += (converthexchartoint(input[k--])
 841                                                 * 16);
 842                                 td->o.verify_pattern[i++] = (char) off;
 843                         }
 844                 }
 845         }
 846
 847         /*
 848          * Fill the pattern all the way to the end. This greatly reduces
 849          * the number of memcpy's we have to do when verifying the IO.
 850          */
 851         pattern_length = i;
 852         while (i > 1 && i * 2 <= MAX_PATTERN_SIZE) {
 853                 memcpy(&td->o.verify_pattern[i], &td->o.verify_pattern[0], i);
 854                 i *= 2;
 855         }
 856
 857         /*
 858          * Fill remainder, if the pattern multiple ends up not being
 859          * MAX_PATTERN_SIZE.
 860          */
 861         while (i > 1 && i < MAX_PATTERN_SIZE) {
 862                 unsigned int b = min(pattern_length, MAX_PATTERN_SIZE - i);
 863
 864                 memcpy(&td->o.verify_pattern[i], &td->o.verify_pattern[0], b);
 865                 i += b;
 866         }
 867
 868         if (i == 1) {
 869                 /*
 870                  * The code in verify_io_u_pattern assumes a single byte pattern
 871                  * fills the whole verify pattern buffer.
 872                  */
 873                 memset(td->o.verify_pattern, td->o.verify_pattern[0],
 874                        MAX_PATTERN_SIZE);
 875         }
 876
 877         td->o.verify_pattern_bytes = i;
 878
 879         /*
 880          * VERIFY_META could already be set
 881          */
 882         if (td->o.verify == VERIFY_NONE)
 883                 td->o.verify = VERIFY_PATTERN;
 884
 885         return 0;
 886 }
 887
 888 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
 889 {
 890         struct thread_data *td = data;
 891         int val = *il;
 892
 893         td->o.disable_lat = !!val;
 894         td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
 895         td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
 896         td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
 897         td->o.clat_percentiles = !val;
 898         if (val)
 899                 td->tv_cache_mask = 63;
 900
 901         return 0;
 902 }
 903
 904 static int str_gtod_cpu_cb(void *data, long long *il)
 905 {
 906         struct thread_data *td = data;
 907         int val = *il;
 908
 909         td->o.gtod_cpu = val;
 910         td->o.gtod_offload = 1;
 911         return 0;
 912 }
 913
 914 static int str_size_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *__val)
 915 {
 916         struct thread_data *td = data;
 917         unsigned long long v = *__val;
 918
 919         if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
 920                 td->o.size = 0;
 921                 td->o.size_percent = -1ULL - v;
 922         } else
 923                 td->o.size = v;
 924
 925         return 0;
 926 }
 927
 928 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 929 {
 930         struct thread_data *td = data;
 931
 932         if (read_only && td_write(td)) {
 933                 log_err("fio: job <%s> has write bit set, but fio is in"
 934                         " read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
 935                 return 1;
 936         }
 937
 938         return 0;
 939 }
 940
 941 static int gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 942 {
 943 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 944         struct thread_data *td = data;
 945
 946         if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
 947                 log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
 948                         "gettimeofday() offloading\n");
 949                 return 1;
 950         }
 951 #endif
 952
 953         return 0;
 954 }
 955
 956 /*
 957  * Option grouping
 958  */
 959 static struct opt_group fio_opt_groups[] = {
 960         {
 961                 .name   = "General",
 962                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
 963         },
 964         {
 965                 .name   = "I/O",
 966                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
 967         },
 968         {
 969                 .name   = "File",
 970                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
 971         },
 972         {
 973                 .name   = "Statistics",
 974                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
 975         },
 976         {
 977                 .name   = "Logging",
 978                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
 979         },
 980         {
 981                 .name   = "Profiles",
 982                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
 983         },
 984         {
 985                 .name   = NULL,
 986         },
 987 };
 988
 989 static struct opt_group *__opt_group_from_mask(struct opt_group *ogs, unsigned int *mask,
 990                                                unsigned int inv_mask)
 991 {
 992         struct opt_group *og;
 993         int i;
 994
 995         if (*mask == inv_mask || !*mask)
 996                 return NULL;
 997
 998         for (i = 0; ogs[i].name; i++) {
 999                 og = &ogs[i];
1000
1001                 if (*mask & og->mask) {
1002                         *mask &= ~(og->mask);
1003                         return og;
1004                 }
1005         }
1006
1007         return NULL;
1008 }
1009
1010 struct opt_group *opt_group_from_mask(unsigned int *mask)
1011 {
1012         return __opt_group_from_mask(fio_opt_groups, mask, FIO_OPT_C_INVALID);
1013 }
1014
1015 static struct opt_group fio_opt_cat_groups[] = {
1016         {
1017                 .name   = "Rate",
1018                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
1019         },
1020         {
1021                 .name   = "Zone",
1022                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
1023         },
1024         {
1025                 .name   = "Read/write mix",
1026                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
1027         },
1028         {
1029                 .name   = "Verify",
1030                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1031         },
1032         {
1033                 .name   = "Trim",
1034                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
1035         },
1036         {
1037                 .name   = "I/O Logging",
1038                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
1039         },
1040         {
1041                 .name   = "I/O Depth",
1042                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_DEPTH,
1043         },
1044         {
1045                 .name   = "I/O Flow",
1046                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
1047         },
1048         {
1049                 .name   = "Description",
1050                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1051         },
1052         {
1053                 .name   = "Filename",
1054                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1055         },
1056         {
1057                 .name   = "General I/O",
1058                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1059         },
1060         {
1061                 .name   = "Cgroups",
1062                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
1063         },
1064         {
1065                 .name   = "Runtime",
1066                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1067         },
1068         {
1069                 .name   = "Process",
1070                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
1071         },
1072         {
1073                 .name   = "Job credentials / priority",
1074                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
1075         },
1076         {
1077                 .name   = "Clock settings",
1078                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
1079         },
1080         {
1081                 .name   = "I/O Type",
1082                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1083         },
1084         {
1085                 .name   = "I/O Thinktime",
1086                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
1087         },
1088         {
1089                 .name   = "Randomizations",
1090                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1091         },
1092         {
1093                 .name   = "I/O buffers",
1094                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
1095         },
1096         {
1097                 .name   = "Tiobench profile",
1098                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_TIOBENCH,
1099         },
1100
1101         {
1102                 .name   = NULL,
1103         }
1104 };
1105
1106 struct opt_group *opt_group_cat_from_mask(unsigned int *mask)
1107 {
1108         return __opt_group_from_mask(fio_opt_cat_groups, mask, FIO_OPT_G_INVALID);
1109 }
1110
1111 /*
1112  * Map of job/command line options
1113  */
1114 struct fio_option fio_options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
1115         {
1116                 .name   = "description",
1117                 .lname  = "Description of job",
1118                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1119                 .off1   = td_var_offset(description),
1120                 .help   = "Text job description",
1121                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1122                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1123         },
1124         {
1125                 .name   = "name",
1126                 .lname  = "Job name",
1127                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1128                 .off1   = td_var_offset(name),
1129                 .help   = "Name of this job",
1130                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1131                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1132         },
1133         {
1134                 .name   = "filename",
1135                 .lname  = "Filename(s)",
1136                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1137                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename),
1138                 .cb     = str_filename_cb,
1139                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1140                 .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
1141                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1142                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1143         },
1144         {
1145                 .name   = "directory",
1146                 .lname  = "Directory",
1147                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1148                 .off1   = td_var_offset(directory),
1149                 .cb     = str_directory_cb,
1150                 .help   = "Directory to store files in",
1151                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1152                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1153         },
1154         {
1155                 .name   = "filename_format",
1156                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1157                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename_format),
1158                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1159                 .help   = "Override default $jobname.$jobnum.$filenum naming",
1160                 .def    = "$jobname.$jobnum.$filenum",
1161                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1162                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1163         },
1164         {
1165                 .name   = "lockfile",
1166                 .lname  = "Lockfile",
1167                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1168                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_lock_mode),
1169                 .help   = "Lock file when doing IO to it",
1170                 .parent = "filename",
1171                 .hide   = 0,
1172                 .def    = "none",
1173                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1174                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1175                 .posval = {
1176                           { .ival = "none",
1177                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
1178                             .help = "No file locking",
1179                           },
1180                           { .ival = "exclusive",
1181                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
1182                             .help = "Exclusive file lock",
1183                           },
1184                           {
1185                             .ival = "readwrite",
1186                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
1187                             .help = "Read vs write lock",
1188                           },
1189                 },
1190         },
1191         {
1192                 .name   = "opendir",
1193                 .lname  = "Open directory",
1194                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1195                 .off1   = td_var_offset(opendir),
1196                 .cb     = str_opendir_cb,
1197                 .help   = "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
1198                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1199                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1200         },
1201         {
1202                 .name   = "rw",
1203                 .lname  = "Read/write",
1204                 .alias  = "readwrite",
1205                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1206                 .cb     = str_rw_cb,
1207                 .off1   = td_var_offset(td_ddir),
1208                 .help   = "IO direction",
1209                 .def    = "read",
1210                 .verify = rw_verify,
1211                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1212                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1213                 .posval = {
1214                           { .ival = "read",
1215                             .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
1216                             .help = "Sequential read",
1217                           },
1218                           { .ival = "write",
1219                             .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
1220                             .help = "Sequential write",
1221                           },
1222                           { .ival = "trim",
1223                             .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIM,
1224                             .help = "Sequential trim",
1225                           },
1226                           { .ival = "randread",
1227                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
1228                             .help = "Random read",
1229                           },
1230                           { .ival = "randwrite",
1231                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
1232                             .help = "Random write",
1233                           },
1234                           { .ival = "randtrim",
1235                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDTRIM,
1236                             .help = "Random trim",
1237                           },
1238                           { .ival = "rw",
1239                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1240                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1241                           },
1242                           { .ival = "readwrite",
1243                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1244                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1245                           },
1246                           { .ival = "randrw",
1247                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
1248                             .help = "Random read and write mix"
1249                           },
1250                 },
1251         },
1252         {
1253                 .name   = "rw_sequencer",
1254                 .lname  = "RW Sequencer",
1255                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1256                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rw_seq),
1257                 .help   = "IO offset generator modifier",
1258                 .def    = "sequential",
1259                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1260                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1261                 .posval = {
1262                           { .ival = "sequential",
1263                             .oval = RW_SEQ_SEQ,
1264                             .help = "Generate sequential offsets",
1265                           },
1266                           { .ival = "identical",
1267                             .oval = RW_SEQ_IDENT,
1268                             .help = "Generate identical offsets",
1269                           },
1270                 },
1271         },
1272
1273         {
1274                 .name   = "ioengine",
1275                 .lname  = "IO Engine",
1276                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1277                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioengine),
1278                 .help   = "IO engine to use",
1279                 .def    = FIO_PREFERRED_ENGINE,
1280                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1281                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1282                 .posval = {
1283                           { .ival = "sync",
1284                             .help = "Use read/write",
1285                           },
1286                           { .ival = "psync",
1287                             .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
1288                           },
1289                           { .ival = "vsync",
1290                             .help = "Use readv/writev",
1291                           },
1292 #ifdef CONFIG_PWRITEV
1293                           { .ival = "pvsync",
1294                             .help = "Use preadv/pwritev",
1295                           },
1296 #endif
1297 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBAIO
1298                           { .ival = "libaio",
1299                             .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
1300                           },
1301 #endif
1302 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIXAIO
1303                           { .ival = "posixaio",
1304                             .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
1305                           },
1306 #endif
1307 #ifdef CONFIG_SOLARISAIO
1308                           { .ival = "solarisaio",
1309                             .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
1310                           },
1311 #endif
1312 #ifdef CONFIG_WINDOWSAIO
1313                           { .ival = "windowsaio",
1314                             .help = "Windows native asynchronous IO"
1315                           },
1316 #endif
1317                           { .ival = "mmap",
1318                             .help = "Memory mapped IO"
1319                           },
1320 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_SPLICE
1321                           { .ival = "splice",
1322                             .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
1323                           },
1324                           { .ival = "netsplice",
1325                             .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
1326                           },
1327 #endif
1328 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
1329                           { .ival = "sg",
1330                             .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
1331                           },
1332 #endif
1333                           { .ival = "null",
1334                             .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
1335                           },
1336                           { .ival = "net",
1337                             .help = "Network IO",
1338                           },
1339                           { .ival = "cpuio",
1340                             .help = "CPU cycle burner engine",
1341                           },
1342 #ifdef CONFIG_GUASI
1343                           { .ival = "guasi",
1344                             .help = "GUASI IO engine",
1345                           },
1346 #endif
1347 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_BINJECT
1348                           { .ival = "binject",
1349                             .help = "binject direct inject block engine",
1350                           },
1351 #endif
1352 #ifdef CONFIG_RDMA
1353                           { .ival = "rdma",
1354                             .help = "RDMA IO engine",
1355                           },
1356 #endif
1357 #ifdef CONFIG_FUSION_AW
1358                           { .ival = "fusion-aw-sync",
1359                             .help = "Fusion-io atomic write engine",
1360                           },
1361 #endif
1362 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_EXT4_MOVE_EXTENT
1363                           { .ival = "e4defrag",
1364                             .help = "ext4 defrag engine",
1365                           },
1366 #endif
1367 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1368                           { .ival = "falloc",
1369                             .help = "fallocate() file based engine",
1370                           },
1371 #endif
1372                           { .ival = "external",
1373                             .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
1374                           },
1375                 },
1376         },
1377         {
1378                 .name   = "iodepth",
1379                 .lname  = "IO Depth",
1380                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1381                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth),
1382                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to keep in flight",
1383                 .minval = 1,
1384                 .interval = 1,
1385                 .def    = "1",
1386                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1387                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1388         },
1389         {
1390                 .name   = "iodepth_batch",
1391                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch",
1392                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_submit",
1393                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1394                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch),
1395                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
1396                 .parent = "iodepth",
1397                 .hide   = 1,
1398                 .minval = 1,
1399                 .interval = 1,
1400                 .def    = "1",
1401                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1402                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1403         },
1404         {
1405                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete",
1406                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch complete",
1407                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1408                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch_complete),
1409                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
1410                 .parent = "iodepth",
1411                 .hide   = 1,
1412                 .minval = 0,
1413                 .interval = 1,
1414                 .def    = "1",
1415                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1416                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1417         },
1418         {
1419                 .name   = "iodepth_low",
1420                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch low",
1421                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1422                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_low),
1423                 .help   = "Low water mark for queuing depth",
1424                 .parent = "iodepth",
1425                 .hide   = 1,
1426                 .interval = 1,
1427                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1428                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1429         },
1430         {
1431                 .name   = "size",
1432                 .lname  = "Size",
1433                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1434                 .cb     = str_size_cb,
1435                 .help   = "Total size of device or files",
1436                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1437                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1438                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1439         },
1440         {
1441                 .name   = "fill_device",
1442                 .lname  = "Fill device",
1443                 .alias  = "fill_fs",
1444                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1445                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fill_device),
1446                 .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
1447                 .def    = "0",
1448                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1449                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1450         },
1451         {
1452                 .name   = "filesize",
1453                 .lname  = "File size",
1454                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1455                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_size_low),
1456                 .off2   = td_var_offset(file_size_high),
1457                 .minval = 1,
1458                 .help   = "Size of individual files",
1459                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1460                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1461                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1462         },
1463         {
1464                 .name   = "offset",
1465                 .lname  = "IO offset",
1466                 .alias  = "fileoffset",
1467                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1468                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_offset),
1469                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset",
1470                 .def    = "0",
1471                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1472                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1473                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1474         },
1475         {
1476                 .name   = "offset_increment",
1477                 .lname  = "IO offset increment",
1478                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1479                 .off1   = td_var_offset(offset_increment),
1480                 .help   = "What is the increment from one offset to the next",
1481                 .parent = "offset",
1482                 .hide   = 1,
1483                 .def    = "0",
1484                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1485                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1486                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1487         },
1488         {
1489                 .name   = "number_ios",
1490                 .lname  = "Number of IOs to perform",
1491                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1492                 .off1   = td_var_offset(number_ios),
1493                 .help   = "Force job completion of this number of IOs",
1494                 .def    = "0",
1495                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1496                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1497         },
1498         {
1499                 .name   = "bs",
1500                 .lname  = "Block size",
1501                 .alias  = "blocksize",
1502                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1503                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_READ]),
1504                 .off2   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1505                 .off3   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1506                 .minval = 1,
1507                 .help   = "Block size unit",
1508                 .def    = "4k",
1509                 .parent = "rw",
1510                 .hide   = 1,
1511                 .interval = 512,
1512                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1513                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1514         },
1515         {
1516                 .name   = "ba",
1517                 .lname  = "Block size align",
1518                 .alias  = "blockalign",
1519                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1520                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_READ]),
1521                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
1522                 .off3   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_TRIM]),
1523                 .minval = 1,
1524                 .help   = "IO block offset alignment",
1525                 .parent = "rw",
1526                 .hide   = 1,
1527                 .interval = 512,
1528                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1529                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1530         },
1531         {
1532                 .name   = "bsrange",
1533                 .lname  = "Block size range",
1534                 .alias  = "blocksize_range",
1535                 .type   = FIO_OPT_RANGE,
1536                 .off1   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1537                 .off2   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1538                 .off3   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1539                 .off4   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1540                 .off5   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1541                 .off6   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1542                 .minval = 1,
1543                 .help   = "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
1544                 .parent = "rw",
1545                 .hide   = 1,
1546                 .interval = 4096,
1547                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1548                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1549         },
1550         {
1551                 .name   = "bssplit",
1552                 .lname  = "Block size split",
1553                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1554                 .cb     = str_bssplit_cb,
1555                 .help   = "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
1556                 .parent = "rw",
1557                 .hide   = 1,
1558                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1559                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1560         },
1561         {
1562                 .name   = "bs_unaligned",
1563                 .lname  = "Block size unaligned",
1564                 .alias  = "blocksize_unaligned",
1565                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1566                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_unaligned),
1567                 .help   = "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
1568                 .parent = "rw",
1569                 .hide   = 1,
1570                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1571                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1572         },
1573         {
1574                 .name   = "bs_is_seq_rand",
1575                 .lname  = "Block size division is seq/random (not read/write)",
1576                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1577                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_is_seq_rand),
1578                 .help   = "Consider any blocksize setting to be sequential,ramdom",
1579                 .def    = "0",
1580                 .parent = "blocksize",
1581                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1582                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1583         },
1584         {
1585                 .name   = "randrepeat",
1586                 .lname  = "Random repeatable",
1587                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1588                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rand_repeatable),
1589                 .help   = "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
1590                 .def    = "1",
1591                 .parent = "rw",
1592                 .hide   = 1,
1593                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1594                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1595         },
1596         {
1597                 .name   = "use_os_rand",
1598                 .lname  = "Use OS random",
1599                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1600                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_os_rand),
1601                 .help   = "Set to use OS random generator",
1602                 .def    = "0",
1603                 .parent = "rw",
1604                 .hide   = 1,
1605                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1606                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1607         },
1608         {
1609                 .name   = "norandommap",
1610                 .lname  = "No randommap",
1611                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1612                 .off1   = td_var_offset(norandommap),
1613                 .help   = "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
1614                 .parent = "rw",
1615                 .hide   = 1,
1616                 .hide_on_set = 1,
1617                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1618                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1619         },
1620         {
1621                 .name   = "softrandommap",
1622                 .lname  = "Soft randommap",
1623                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1624                 .off1   = td_var_offset(softrandommap),
1625                 .help   = "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
1626                 .parent = "norandommap",
1627                 .hide   = 1,
1628                 .def    = "0",
1629                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1630                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1631         },
1632         {
1633                 .name   = "random_generator",
1634                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1635                 .off1   = td_var_offset(random_generator),
1636                 .help   = "Type of random number generator to use",
1637                 .def    = "tausworthe",
1638                 .posval = {
1639                           { .ival = "tausworthe",
1640                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_TAUSWORTHE,
1641                             .help = "Strong Tausworthe generator",
1642                           },
1643                           { .ival = "lfsr",
1644                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_LFSR,
1645                             .help = "Variable length LFSR",
1646                           },
1647                 },
1648                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1649                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1650         },
1651         {
1652                 .name   = "random_distribution",
1653                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1654                 .off1   = td_var_offset(random_distribution),
1655                 .cb     = str_random_distribution_cb,
1656                 .help   = "Random offset distribution generator",
1657                 .def    = "random",
1658                 .posval = {
1659                           { .ival = "random",
1660                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_RANDOM,
1661                             .help = "Completely random",
1662                           },
1663                           { .ival = "zipf",
1664                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF,
1665                             .help = "Zipf distribution",
1666                           },
1667                           { .ival = "pareto",
1668                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO,
1669                             .help = "Pareto distribution",
1670                           },
1671                 },
1672                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1673                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1674         },
1675         {
1676                 .name   = "percentage_random",
1677                 .lname  = "Percentage Random",
1678                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1679                 .off1   = td_var_offset(perc_rand[DDIR_READ]),
1680                 .off2   = td_var_offset(perc_rand[DDIR_WRITE]),
1681                 .off3   = td_var_offset(perc_rand[DDIR_TRIM]),
1682                 .maxval = 100,
1683                 .help   = "Percentage of seq/random mix that should be random",
1684                 .def    = "100,100,100",
1685                 .interval = 5,
1686                 .inverse = "percentage_sequential",
1687                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1688                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1689         },
1690         {
1691                 .name   = "percentage_sequential",
1692                 .lname  = "Percentage Sequential",
1693                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
1694                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1695                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1696         },
1697         {
1698                 .name   = "nrfiles",
1699                 .lname  = "Number of files",
1700                 .alias  = "nr_files",
1701                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1702                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nr_files),
1703                 .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
1704                 .def    = "1",
1705                 .interval = 1,
1706                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1707                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1708         },
1709         {
1710                 .name   = "openfiles",
1711                 .lname  = "Number of open files",
1712                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1713                 .off1   = td_var_offset(open_files),
1714                 .help   = "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
1715                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1716                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1717         },
1718         {
1719                 .name   = "file_service_type",
1720                 .lname  = "File service type",
1721                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1722                 .cb     = str_fst_cb,
1723                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_service_type),
1724                 .help   = "How to select which file to service next",
1725                 .def    = "roundrobin",
1726                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1727                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1728                 .posval = {
1729                           { .ival = "random",
1730                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
1731                             .help = "Choose a file at random",
1732                           },
1733                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
1734                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
1735                             .help = "Round robin select files",
1736                           },
1737                           { .ival = "sequential",
1738                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
1739                             .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
1740                           },
1741                 },
1742                 .parent = "nrfiles",
1743                 .hide   = 1,
1744         },
1745 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE
1746         {
1747                 .name   = "fallocate",
1748                 .lname  = "Fallocate",
1749                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1750                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fallocate_mode),
1751                 .help   = "Whether pre-allocation is performed when laying out files",
1752                 .def    = "posix",
1753                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1754                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1755                 .posval = {
1756                           { .ival = "none",
1757                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
1758                             .help = "Do not pre-allocate space",
1759                           },
1760                           { .ival = "posix",
1761                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
1762                             .help = "Use posix_fallocate()",
1763                           },
1764 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1765                           { .ival = "keep",
1766                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_KEEP_SIZE,
1767                             .help = "Use fallocate(..., FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE, ...)",
1768                           },
1769 #endif
1770                           /* Compatibility with former boolean values */
1771                           { .ival = "0",
1772                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
1773                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
1774                           },
1775                           { .ival = "1",
1776                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
1777                             .help = "Alias for 'posix'",
1778                           },
1779                 },
1780         },
1781 #endif  /* CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE */
1782         {
1783                 .name   = "fadvise_hint",
1784                 .lname  = "Fadvise hint",
1785                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1786                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fadvise_hint),
1787                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
1788                 .def    = "1",
1789                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1790                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1791         },
1792         {
1793                 .name   = "fsync",
1794                 .lname  = "Fsync",
1795                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1796                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_blocks),
1797                 .help   = "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
1798                 .def    = "0",
1799                 .interval = 1,
1800                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1801                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1802         },
1803         {
1804                 .name   = "fdatasync",
1805                 .lname  = "Fdatasync",
1806                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1807                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fdatasync_blocks),
1808                 .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
1809                 .def    = "0",
1810                 .interval = 1,
1811                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1812                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1813         },
1814         {
1815                 .name   = "write_barrier",
1816                 .lname  = "Write barrier",
1817                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1818                 .off1   = td_var_offset(barrier_blocks),
1819                 .help   = "Make every Nth write a barrier write",
1820                 .def    = "0",
1821                 .interval = 1,
1822                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1823                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1824         },
1825 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
1826         {
1827                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
1828                 .lname  = "Sync file range",
1829                 .posval = {
1830                           { .ival = "wait_before",
1831                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
1832                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
1833                             .or   = 1,
1834                           },
1835                           { .ival = "write",
1836                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
1837                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
1838                             .or   = 1,
1839                           },
1840                           {
1841                             .ival = "wait_after",
1842                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
1843                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
1844                             .or   = 1,
1845                           },
1846                 },
1847                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_MULTI,
1848                 .cb     = str_sfr_cb,
1849                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_file_range),
1850                 .help   = "Use sync_file_range()",
1851                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1852                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1853         },
1854 #endif
1855         {
1856                 .name   = "direct",
1857                 .lname  = "Direct I/O",
1858                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1859                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1860                 .help   = "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
1861                 .def    = "0",
1862                 .inverse = "buffered",
1863                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1864                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1865         },
1866         {
1867                 .name   = "buffered",
1868                 .lname  = "Buffered I/O",
1869                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1870                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1871                 .neg    = 1,
1872                 .help   = "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
1873                 .def    = "1",
1874                 .inverse = "direct",
1875                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1876                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1877         },
1878         {
1879                 .name   = "overwrite",
1880                 .lname  = "Overwrite",
1881                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1882                 .off1   = td_var_offset(overwrite),
1883                 .help   = "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
1884                 .def    = "0",
1885                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1886                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1887         },
1888         {
1889                 .name   = "loops",
1890                 .lname  = "Loops",
1891                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1892                 .off1   = td_var_offset(loops),
1893                 .help   = "Number of times to run the job",
1894                 .def    = "1",
1895                 .interval = 1,
1896                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1897                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1898         },
1899         {
1900                 .name   = "numjobs",
1901                 .lname  = "Number of jobs",
1902                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1903                 .off1   = td_var_offset(numjobs),
1904                 .help   = "Duplicate this job this many times",
1905                 .def    = "1",
1906                 .interval = 1,
1907                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1908                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1909         },
1910         {
1911                 .name   = "startdelay",
1912                 .lname  = "Start delay",
1913                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1914                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_delay),
1915                 .help   = "Only start job when this period has passed",
1916                 .def    = "0",
1917                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1918                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1919         },
1920         {
1921                 .name   = "runtime",
1922                 .lname  = "Runtime",
1923                 .alias  = "timeout",
1924                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1925                 .off1   = td_var_offset(timeout),
1926                 .help   = "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
1927                 .def    = "0",
1928                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1929                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1930         },
1931         {
1932                 .name   = "time_based",
1933                 .lname  = "Time based",
1934                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1935                 .off1   = td_var_offset(time_based),
1936                 .help   = "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
1937                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1938                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1939         },
1940         {
1941                 .name   = "ramp_time",
1942                 .lname  = "Ramp time",
1943                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1944                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ramp_time),
1945                 .help   = "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
1946                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1947                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1948         },
1949         {
1950                 .name   = "clocksource",
1951                 .lname  = "Clock source",
1952                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1953                 .cb     = fio_clock_source_cb,
1954                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clocksource),
1955                 .help   = "What type of timing source to use",
1956                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1957                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
1958                 .posval = {
1959 #ifdef CONFIG_GETTIMEOFDAY
1960                           { .ival = "gettimeofday",
1961                             .oval = CS_GTOD,
1962                             .help = "Use gettimeofday(2) for timing",
1963                           },
1964 #endif
1965 #ifdef CONFIG_CLOCK_GETTIME
1966                           { .ival = "clock_gettime",
1967                             .oval = CS_CGETTIME,
1968                             .help = "Use clock_gettime(2) for timing",
1969                           },
1970 #endif
1971 #ifdef ARCH_HAVE_CPU_CLOCK
1972                           { .ival = "cpu",
1973                             .oval = CS_CPUCLOCK,
1974                             .help = "Use CPU private clock",
1975                           },
1976 #endif
1977                 },
1978         },
1979         {
1980                 .name   = "mem",
1981                 .alias  = "iomem",
1982                 .lname  = "I/O Memory",
1983                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1984                 .cb     = str_mem_cb,
1985                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_type),
1986                 .help   = "Backing type for IO buffers",
1987                 .def    = "malloc",
1988                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1989                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1990                 .posval = {
1991                           { .ival = "malloc",
1992                             .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
1993                             .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
1994                           },
1995                           { .ival = "shm",
1996                             .oval = MEM_SHM,
1997                             .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
1998                           },
1999 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2000                           { .ival = "shmhuge",
2001                             .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
2002                             .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
2003                           },
2004 #endif
2005                           { .ival = "mmap",
2006                             .oval = MEM_MMAP,
2007                             .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
2008                           },
2009 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2010                           { .ival = "mmaphuge",
2011                             .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
2012                             .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
2013                           },
2014 #endif
2015                   },
2016         },
2017         {
2018                 .name   = "iomem_align",
2019                 .alias  = "mem_align",
2020                 .lname  = "I/O memory alignment",
2021                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2022                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_align),
2023                 .minval = 0,
2024                 .help   = "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
2025                 .def    = "0",
2026                 .parent = "iomem",
2027                 .hide   = 1,
2028                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2029                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2030         },
2031         {
2032                 .name   = "verify",
2033                 .lname  = "Verify",
2034                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2035                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify),
2036                 .help   = "Verify data written",
2037                 .def    = "0",
2038                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2039                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2040                 .posval = {
2041                           { .ival = "0",
2042                             .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
2043                             .help = "Don't do IO verification",
2044                           },
2045                           { .ival = "md5",
2046                             .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
2047                             .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
2048                           },
2049                           { .ival = "crc64",
2050                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
2051                             .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
2052                           },
2053                           { .ival = "crc32",
2054                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
2055                             .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
2056                           },
2057                           { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
2058                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2059                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2060                           },
2061                           { .ival = "crc32c",
2062                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2063                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2064                           },
2065                           { .ival = "crc16",
2066                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
2067                             .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
2068                           },
2069                           { .ival = "crc7",
2070                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
2071                             .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
2072                           },
2073                           { .ival = "sha1",
2074                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
2075                             .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
2076                           },
2077                           { .ival = "sha256",
2078                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
2079                             .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
2080                           },
2081                           { .ival = "sha512",
2082                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
2083                             .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
2084                           },
2085                           { .ival = "meta",
2086                             .oval = VERIFY_META,
2087                             .help = "Use io information",
2088                           },
2089                           {
2090                             .ival = "null",
2091                             .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
2092                             .help = "Pretend to verify",
2093                           },
2094                 },
2095         },
2096         {
2097                 .name   = "do_verify",
2098                 .lname  = "Perform verify step",
2099                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2100                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_verify),
2101                 .help   = "Run verification stage after write",
2102                 .def    = "1",
2103                 .parent = "verify",
2104                 .hide   = 1,
2105                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2106                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2107         },
2108         {
2109                 .name   = "verifysort",
2110                 .lname  = "Verify sort",
2111                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2112                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort),
2113                 .help   = "Sort written verify blocks for read back",
2114                 .def    = "1",
2115                 .parent = "verify",
2116                 .hide   = 1,
2117                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2118                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2119         },
2120         {
2121                 .name   = "verifysort_nr",
2122                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2123                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort_nr),
2124                 .help   = "Pre-load and sort verify blocks for a read workload",
2125                 .minval = 0,
2126                 .maxval = 131072,
2127                 .def    = "1024",
2128                 .parent = "verify",
2129                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2130                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2131         },
2132         {
2133                 .name   = "verify_interval",
2134                 .lname  = "Verify interval",
2135                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2136                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_interval),
2137                 .minval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2138                 .help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
2139                 .parent = "verify",
2140                 .hide   = 1,
2141                 .interval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2142                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2143                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2144         },
2145         {
2146                 .name   = "verify_offset",
2147                 .lname  = "Verify offset",
2148                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2149                 .help   = "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
2150                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_offset),
2151                 .minval = sizeof(struct verify_header),
2152                 .parent = "verify",
2153                 .hide   = 1,
2154                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2155                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2156         },
2157         {
2158                 .name   = "verify_pattern",
2159                 .lname  = "Verify pattern",
2160                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2161                 .cb     = str_verify_pattern_cb,
2162                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
2163                 .parent = "verify",
2164                 .hide   = 1,
2165                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2166                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2167         },
2168         {
2169                 .name   = "verify_fatal",
2170                 .lname  = "Verify fatal",
2171                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2172                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_fatal),
2173                 .def    = "0",
2174                 .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
2175                 .parent = "verify",
2176                 .hide   = 1,
2177                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2178                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2179         },
2180         {
2181                 .name   = "verify_dump",
2182                 .lname  = "Verify dump",
2183                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2184                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_dump),
2185                 .def    = "0",
2186                 .help   = "Dump contents of good and bad blocks on failure",
2187                 .parent = "verify",
2188                 .hide   = 1,
2189                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2190                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2191         },
2192         {
2193                 .name   = "verify_async",
2194                 .lname  = "Verify asynchronously",
2195                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2196                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_async),
2197                 .def    = "0",
2198                 .help   = "Number of async verifier threads to use",
2199                 .parent = "verify",
2200                 .hide   = 1,
2201                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2202                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2203         },
2204         {
2205                 .name   = "verify_backlog",
2206                 .lname  = "Verify backlog",
2207                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2208                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_backlog),
2209                 .help   = "Verify after this number of blocks are written",
2210                 .parent = "verify",
2211                 .hide   = 1,
2212                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2213                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2214         },
2215         {
2216                 .name   = "verify_backlog_batch",
2217                 .lname  = "Verify backlog batch",
2218                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2219                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_batch),
2220                 .help   = "Verify this number of IO blocks",
2221                 .parent = "verify",
2222                 .hide   = 1,
2223                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2224                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2225         },
2226 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
2227         {
2228                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
2229                 .lname  = "Async verify CPUs",
2230                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2231                 .cb     = str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
2232                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
2233                 .parent = "verify_async",
2234                 .hide   = 1,
2235                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2236                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2237         },
2238 #endif
2239         {
2240                 .name   = "experimental_verify",
2241                 .off1   = td_var_offset(experimental_verify),
2242                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2243                 .help   = "Enable experimental verification",
2244                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2245                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2246         },
2247 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_TRIM
2248         {
2249                 .name   = "trim_percentage",
2250                 .lname  = "Trim percentage",
2251                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2252                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_percentage),
2253                 .minval = 0,
2254                 .maxval = 100,
2255                 .help   = "Number of verify blocks to discard/trim",
2256                 .parent = "verify",
2257                 .def    = "0",
2258                 .interval = 1,
2259                 .hide   = 1,
2260                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2261                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2262         },
2263         {
2264                 .name   = "trim_verify_zero",
2265                 .lname  = "Verify trim zero",
2266                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2267                 .help   = "Verify that trim/discarded blocks are returned as zeroes",
2268                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_zero),
2269                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2270                 .hide   = 1,
2271                 .def    = "1",
2272                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2273                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2274         },
2275         {
2276                 .name   = "trim_backlog",
2277                 .lname  = "Trim backlog",
2278                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2279                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_backlog),
2280                 .help   = "Trim after this number of blocks are written",
2281                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2282                 .hide   = 1,
2283                 .interval = 1,
2284                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2285                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2286         },
2287         {
2288                 .name   = "trim_backlog_batch",
2289                 .lname  = "Trim backlog batch",
2290                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2291                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_batch),
2292                 .help   = "Trim this number of IO blocks",
2293                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2294                 .hide   = 1,
2295                 .interval = 1,
2296                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2297                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2298         },
2299 #endif
2300         {
2301                 .name   = "write_iolog",
2302                 .lname  = "Write I/O log",
2303                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2304                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_iolog_file),
2305                 .help   = "Store IO pattern to file",
2306                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2307                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2308         },
2309         {
2310                 .name   = "read_iolog",
2311                 .lname  = "Read I/O log",
2312                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2313                 .off1   = td_var_offset(read_iolog_file),
2314                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern from file",
2315                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2316                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2317         },
2318         {
2319                 .name   = "replay_no_stall",
2320                 .lname  = "Don't stall on replay",
2321                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2322                 .off1   = td_var_offset(no_stall),
2323                 .def    = "0",
2324                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2325                 .hide   = 1,
2326                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern file as fast as possible without stalls",
2327                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2328                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2329         },
2330         {
2331                 .name   = "replay_redirect",
2332                 .lname  = "Redirect device for replay",
2333                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2334                 .off1   = td_var_offset(replay_redirect),
2335                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2336                 .hide   = 1,
2337                 .help   = "Replay all I/O onto this device, regardless of trace device",
2338                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2339                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2340         },
2341         {
2342                 .name   = "exec_prerun",
2343                 .lname  = "Pre-execute runnable",
2344                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2345                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_prerun),
2346                 .help   = "Execute this file prior to running job",
2347                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2348                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2349         },
2350         {
2351                 .name   = "exec_postrun",
2352                 .lname  = "Post-execute runnable",
2353                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2354                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_postrun),
2355                 .help   = "Execute this file after running job",
2356                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2357                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2358         },
2359 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
2360         {
2361                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
2362                 .lname  = "I/O scheduler",
2363                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2364                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioscheduler),
2365                 .help   = "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
2366                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2367                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2368         },
2369 #endif
2370         {
2371                 .name   = "zonesize",
2372                 .lname  = "Zone size",
2373                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2374                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_size),
2375                 .help   = "Amount of data to read per zone",
2376                 .def    = "0",
2377                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2378                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2379                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2380         },
2381         {
2382                 .name   = "zonerange",
2383                 .lname  = "Zone range",
2384                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2385                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_range),
2386                 .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
2387                 .def    = "0",
2388                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2389                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2390                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2391         },
2392         {
2393                 .name   = "zoneskip",
2394                 .lname  = "Zone skip",
2395                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2396                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_skip),
2397                 .help   = "Space between IO zones",
2398                 .def    = "0",
2399                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2400                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2401                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2402         },
2403         {
2404                 .name   = "lockmem",
2405                 .lname  = "Lock memory",
2406                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2407                 .off1   = td_var_offset(lockmem),
2408                 .help   = "Lock down this amount of memory (per worker)",
2409                 .def    = "0",
2410                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2411                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2412                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2413         },
2414         {
2415                 .name   = "rwmixread",
2416                 .lname  = "Read/write mix read",
2417                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2418                 .cb     = str_rwmix_read_cb,
2419                 .maxval = 100,
2420                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
2421                 .def    = "50",
2422                 .interval = 5,
2423                 .inverse = "rwmixwrite",
2424                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2425                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2426         },
2427         {
2428                 .name   = "rwmixwrite",
2429                 .lname  = "Read/write mix write",
2430                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2431                 .cb     = str_rwmix_write_cb,
2432                 .maxval = 100,
2433                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
2434                 .def    = "50",
2435                 .interval = 5,
2436                 .inverse = "rwmixread",
2437                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2438                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2439         },
2440         {
2441                 .name   = "rwmixcycle",
2442                 .lname  = "Read/write mix cycle",
2443                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
2444                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2445                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2446         },
2447         {
2448                 .name   = "nice",
2449                 .lname  = "Nice",
2450                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2451                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nice),
2452                 .help   = "Set job CPU nice value",
2453                 .minval = -19,
2454                 .maxval = 20,
2455                 .def    = "0",
2456                 .interval = 1,
2457                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2458                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2459         },
2460 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
2461         {
2462                 .name   = "prio",
2463                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority",
2464                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2465                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioprio),
2466                 .help   = "Set job IO priority value",
2467                 .minval = 0,
2468                 .maxval = 7,
2469                 .interval = 1,
2470                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2471                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2472         },
2473         {
2474                 .name   = "prioclass",
2475                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority class",
2476                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2477                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioprio_class),
2478                 .help   = "Set job IO priority class",
2479                 .minval = 0,
2480                 .maxval = 3,
2481                 .interval = 1,
2482                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2483                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2484         },
2485 #endif
2486         {
2487                 .name   = "thinktime",
2488                 .lname  = "Thinktime",
2489                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2490                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime),
2491                 .help   = "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
2492                 .def    = "0",
2493                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2494                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2495         },
2496         {
2497                 .name   = "thinktime_spin",
2498                 .lname  = "Thinktime spin",
2499                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2500                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_spin),
2501                 .help   = "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
2502                 .def    = "0",
2503                 .parent = "thinktime",
2504                 .hide   = 1,
2505                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2506                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2507         },
2508         {
2509                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks",
2510                 .lname  = "Thinktime blocks",
2511                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2512                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_blocks),
2513                 .help   = "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
2514                 .def    = "1",
2515                 .parent = "thinktime",
2516                 .hide   = 1,
2517                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2518                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2519         },
2520         {
2521                 .name   = "rate",
2522                 .lname  = "I/O rate",
2523                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2524                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_READ]),
2525                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_WRITE]),
2526                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_TRIM]),
2527                 .help   = "Set bandwidth rate",
2528                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2529                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2530         },
2531         {
2532                 .name   = "ratemin",
2533                 .lname  = "I/O min rate",
2534                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2535                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_READ]),
2536                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_WRITE]),
2537                 .off3   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_TRIM]),
2538                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
2539                 .parent = "rate",
2540                 .hide   = 1,
2541                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2542                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2543         },
2544         {
2545                 .name   = "rate_iops",
2546                 .lname  = "I/O rate IOPS",
2547                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2548                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_READ]),
2549                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_WRITE]),
2550                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_TRIM]),
2551                 .help   = "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
2552                 .hide   = 1,
2553                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2554                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2555         },
2556         {
2557                 .name   = "rate_iops_min",
2558                 .lname  = "I/O min rate IOPS",
2559                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2560                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_READ]),
2561                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_WRITE]),
2562                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_TRIM]),
2563                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shut down",
2564                 .parent = "rate_iops",
2565                 .hide   = 1,
2566                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2567                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2568         },
2569         {
2570                 .name   = "ratecycle",
2571                 .lname  = "I/O rate cycle",
2572                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2573                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratecycle),
2574                 .help   = "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
2575                 .def    = "1000",
2576                 .parent = "rate",
2577                 .hide   = 1,
2578                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2579                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2580         },
2581         {
2582                 .name   = "max_latency",
2583                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2584                 .off1   = td_var_offset(max_latency),
2585                 .help   = "Maximum tolerated IO latency (usec)",
2586                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2587                 .group = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2588         },
2589         {
2590                 .name   = "invalidate",
2591                 .lname  = "Cache invalidate",
2592                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2593                 .off1   = td_var_offset(invalidate_cache),
2594                 .help   = "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
2595                 .def    = "1",
2596                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2597                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2598         },
2599         {
2600                 .name   = "sync",
2601                 .lname  = "Synchronous I/O",
2602                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2603                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_io),
2604                 .help   = "Use O_SYNC for buffered writes",
2605                 .def    = "0",
2606                 .parent = "buffered",
2607                 .hide   = 1,
2608                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2609                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2610         },
2611         {
2612                 .name   = "create_serialize",
2613                 .lname  = "Create serialize",
2614                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2615                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_serialize),
2616                 .help   = "Serialize creating of job files",
2617                 .def    = "1",
2618                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2619                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2620         },
2621         {
2622                 .name   = "create_fsync",
2623                 .lname  = "Create fsync",
2624                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2625                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_fsync),
2626                 .help   = "fsync file after creation",
2627                 .def    = "1",
2628                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2629                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2630         },
2631         {
2632                 .name   = "create_on_open",
2633                 .lname  = "Create on open",
2634                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2635                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_on_open),
2636                 .help   = "Create files when they are opened for IO",
2637                 .def    = "0",
2638                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2639                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2640         },
2641         {
2642                 .name   = "create_only",
2643                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2644                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_only),
2645                 .help   = "Only perform file creation phase",
2646                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2647                 .def    = "0",
2648         },
2649         {
2650                 .name   = "pre_read",
2651                 .lname  = "Pre-read files",
2652                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2653                 .off1   = td_var_offset(pre_read),
2654                 .help   = "Pre-read files before starting official testing",
2655                 .def    = "0",
2656                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2657                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2658         },
2659 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
2660         {
2661                 .name   = "cpumask",
2662                 .lname  = "CPU mask",
2663                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2664                 .cb     = str_cpumask_cb,
2665                 .help   = "CPU affinity mask",
2666                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2667                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2668         },
2669         {
2670                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
2671                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed",
2672                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2673                 .cb     = str_cpus_allowed_cb,
2674                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed",
2675                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2676                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2677         },
2678 #endif
2679 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
2680         {
2681                 .name   = "numa_cpu_nodes",
2682                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2683                 .cb     = str_numa_cpunodes_cb,
2684                 .help   = "NUMA CPU nodes bind",
2685                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2686                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2687         },
2688         {
2689                 .name   = "numa_mem_policy",
2690                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2691                 .cb     = str_numa_mpol_cb,
2692                 .help   = "NUMA memory policy setup",
2693                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2694                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2695         },
2696 #endif
2697         {
2698                 .name   = "end_fsync",
2699                 .lname  = "End fsync",
2700                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2701                 .off1   = td_var_offset(end_fsync),
2702                 .help   = "Include fsync at the end of job",
2703                 .def    = "0",
2704                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2705                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2706         },
2707         {
2708                 .name   = "fsync_on_close",
2709                 .lname  = "Fsync on close",
2710                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2711                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_on_close),
2712                 .help   = "fsync files on close",
2713                 .def    = "0",
2714                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2715                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2716         },
2717         {
2718                 .name   = "unlink",
2719                 .lname  = "Unlink file",
2720                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2721                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unlink),
2722                 .help   = "Unlink created files after job has completed",
2723                 .def    = "0",
2724                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2725                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2726         },
2727         {
2728                 .name   = "exitall",
2729                 .lname  = "Exit-all on terminate",
2730                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2731                 .cb     = str_exitall_cb,
2732                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
2733                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2734                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2735         },
2736         {
2737                 .name   = "stonewall",
2738                 .lname  = "Wait for previous",
2739                 .alias  = "wait_for_previous",
2740                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2741                 .off1   = td_var_offset(stonewall),
2742                 .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
2743                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2744                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2745         },
2746         {
2747                 .name   = "new_group",
2748                 .lname  = "New group",
2749                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2750                 .off1   = td_var_offset(new_group),
2751                 .help   = "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
2752                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2753                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2754         },
2755         {
2756                 .name   = "thread",
2757                 .lname  = "Thread",
2758                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2759                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_thread),
2760                 .help   = "Use threads instead of processes",
2761                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2762                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2763         },
2764         {
2765                 .name   = "write_bw_log",
2766                 .lname  = "Write bandwidth log",
2767                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2768                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_log_file),
2769                 .help   = "Write log of bandwidth during run",
2770                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2771                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2772         },
2773         {
2774                 .name   = "write_lat_log",
2775                 .lname  = "Write latency log",
2776                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2777                 .off1   = td_var_offset(lat_log_file),
2778                 .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
2779                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2780                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2781         },
2782         {
2783                 .name   = "write_iops_log",
2784                 .lname  = "Write IOPS log",
2785                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2786                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_log_file),
2787                 .help   = "Write log of IOPS during run",
2788                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2789                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2790         },
2791         {
2792                 .name   = "log_avg_msec",
2793                 .lname  = "Log averaging (msec)",
2794                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2795                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_avg_msec),
2796                 .help   = "Average bw/iops/lat logs over this period of time",
2797                 .def    = "0",
2798                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2799                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2800         },
2801         {
2802                 .name   = "bwavgtime",
2803                 .lname  = "Bandwidth average time",
2804                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2805                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_avg_time),
2806                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
2807                           " (msec)",
2808                 .def    = "500",
2809                 .parent = "write_bw_log",
2810                 .hide   = 1,
2811                 .interval = 100,
2812                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2813                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2814         },
2815         {
2816                 .name   = "iopsavgtime",
2817                 .lname  = "IOPS average time",
2818                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2819                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_avg_time),
2820                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate IOPS (msec)",
2821                 .def    = "500",
2822                 .parent = "write_iops_log",
2823                 .hide   = 1,
2824                 .interval = 100,
2825                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2826                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2827         },
2828         {
2829                 .name   = "group_reporting",
2830                 .lname  = "Group reporting",
2831                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2832                 .off1   = td_var_offset(group_reporting),
2833                 .help   = "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
2834                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2835                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2836         },
2837         {
2838                 .name   = "zero_buffers",
2839                 .lname  = "Zero I/O buffers",
2840                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2841                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zero_buffers),
2842                 .help   = "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
2843                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2844                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2845         },
2846         {
2847                 .name   = "refill_buffers",
2848                 .lname  = "Refill I/O buffers",
2849                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2850                 .off1   = td_var_offset(refill_buffers),
2851                 .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
2852                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2853                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2854         },
2855         {
2856                 .name   = "scramble_buffers",
2857                 .lname  = "Scramble I/O buffers",
2858                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2859                 .off1   = td_var_offset(scramble_buffers),
2860                 .help   = "Slightly scramble buffers on every IO submit",
2861                 .def    = "1",
2862                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2863                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2864         },
2865         {
2866                 .name   = "buffer_compress_percentage",
2867                 .lname  = "Buffer compression percentage",
2868                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2869                 .off1   = td_var_offset(compress_percentage),
2870                 .maxval = 100,
2871                 .minval = 1,
2872                 .help   = "How compressible the buffer is (approximately)",
2873                 .interval = 5,
2874                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2875                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2876         },
2877         {
2878                 .name   = "buffer_compress_chunk",
2879                 .lname  = "Buffer compression chunk size",
2880                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2881                 .off1   = td_var_offset(compress_chunk),
2882                 .parent = "buffer_compress_percentage",
2883                 .hide   = 1,
2884                 .help   = "Size of compressible region in buffer",
2885                 .interval = 256,
2886                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2887                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2888         },
2889         {
2890                 .name   = "clat_percentiles",
2891                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentiles",
2892                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2893                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clat_percentiles),
2894                 .help   = "Enable the reporting of completion latency percentiles",
2895                 .def    = "1",
2896                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2897                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2898         },
2899         {
2900                 .name   = "percentile_list",
2901                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentile list",
2902                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
2903                 .off1   = td_var_offset(percentile_list),
2904                 .off2   = td_var_offset(percentile_precision),
2905                 .help   = "Specify a custom list of percentiles to report",
2906                 .def    = "1:5:10:20:30:40:50:60:70:80:90:95:99:99.5:99.9:99.95:99.99",
2907                 .maxlen = FIO_IO_U_LIST_MAX_LEN,
2908                 .minfp  = 0.0,
2909                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
2910                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2911                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2912         },
2913
2914 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
2915         {
2916                 .name   = "disk_util",
2917                 .lname  = "Disk utilization",
2918                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2919                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_disk_util),
2920                 .help   = "Log disk utilization statistics",
2921                 .def    = "1",
2922                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2923                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2924         },
2925 #endif
2926         {
2927                 .name   = "gtod_reduce",
2928                 .lname  = "Reduce gettimeofday() calls",
2929                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2930                 .help   = "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
2931                 .cb     = str_gtod_reduce_cb,
2932                 .def    = "0",
2933                 .hide_on_set = 1,
2934                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2935                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2936         },
2937         {
2938                 .name   = "disable_lat",
2939                 .lname  = "Disable all latency stats",
2940                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2941                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_lat),
2942                 .help   = "Disable latency numbers",
2943                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2944                 .hide   = 1,
2945                 .def    = "0",
2946                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2947                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2948         },
2949         {
2950                 .name   = "disable_clat",
2951                 .lname  = "Disable completion latency stats",
2952                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2953                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_clat),
2954                 .help   = "Disable completion latency numbers",
2955                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2956                 .hide   = 1,
2957                 .def    = "0",
2958                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2959                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2960         },
2961         {
2962                 .name   = "disable_slat",
2963                 .lname  = "Disable submission latency stats",
2964                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2965                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_slat),
2966                 .help   = "Disable submission latency numbers",
2967                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2968                 .hide   = 1,
2969                 .def    = "0",
2970                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2971                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2972         },
2973         {
2974                 .name   = "disable_bw_measurement",
2975                 .lname  = "Disable bandwidth stats",
2976                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2977                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_bw),
2978                 .help   = "Disable bandwidth logging",
2979                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2980                 .hide   = 1,
2981                 .def    = "0",
2982                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2983                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2984         },
2985         {
2986                 .name   = "gtod_cpu",
2987                 .lname  = "Dedicated gettimeofday() CPU",
2988                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2989                 .cb     = str_gtod_cpu_cb,
2990                 .help   = "Set up dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
2991                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
2992                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2993                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
2994         },
2995         {
2996                 .name   = "unified_rw_reporting",
2997                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2998                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unified_rw_rep),
2999                 .help   = "Unify reporting across data direction",
3000                 .def    = "0",
3001                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3002                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3003         },
3004         {
3005                 .name   = "continue_on_error",
3006                 .lname  = "Continue on error",
3007                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3008                 .off1   = td_var_offset(continue_on_error),
3009                 .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during IO",
3010                 .def    = "none",
3011                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3012                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3013                 .posval = {
3014                           { .ival = "none",
3015                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
3016                             .help = "Exit when an error is encountered",
3017                           },
3018                           { .ival = "read",
3019                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ,
3020                             .help = "Continue on read errors only",
3021                           },
3022                           { .ival = "write",
3023                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
3024                             .help = "Continue on write errors only",
3025                           },
3026                           { .ival = "io",
3027                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ | ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
3028                             .help = "Continue on any IO errors",
3029                           },
3030                           { .ival = "verify",
3031                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_VERIFY,
3032                             .help = "Continue on verify errors only",
3033                           },
3034                           { .ival = "all",
3035                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
3036                             .help = "Continue on all io and verify errors",
3037                           },
3038                           { .ival = "0",
3039                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
3040                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
3041                           },
3042                           { .ival = "1",
3043                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
3044                             .help = "Alias for 'all'",
3045                           },
3046                 },
3047         },
3048         {
3049                 .name   = "ignore_error",
3050                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3051                 .cb     = str_ignore_error_cb,
3052                 .help   = "Set a specific list of errors to ignore",
3053                 .parent = "rw",
3054                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3055                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3056         },
3057         {
3058                 .name   = "error_dump",
3059                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3060                 .off1   = td_var_offset(error_dump),
3061                 .def    = "0",
3062                 .help   = "Dump info on each error",
3063                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3064                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3065         },
3066         {
3067                 .name   = "profile",
3068                 .lname  = "Profile",
3069                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3070                 .off1   = td_var_offset(profile),
3071                 .help   = "Select a specific builtin performance test",
3072                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
3073                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3074         },
3075         {
3076                 .name   = "cgroup",
3077                 .lname  = "Cgroup",
3078                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3079                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup),
3080                 .help   = "Add job to cgroup of this name",
3081                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3082                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3083         },
3084         {
3085                 .name   = "cgroup_nodelete",
3086                 .lname  = "Cgroup no-delete",
3087                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3088                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_nodelete),
3089                 .help   = "Do not delete cgroups after job completion",
3090                 .def    = "0",
3091                 .parent = "cgroup",
3092                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3093                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3094         },
3095         {
3096                 .name   = "cgroup_weight",
3097                 .lname  = "Cgroup weight",
3098                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3099                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_weight),
3100                 .help   = "Use given weight for cgroup",
3101                 .minval = 100,
3102                 .maxval = 1000,
3103                 .parent = "cgroup",
3104                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3105                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3106         },
3107         {
3108                 .name   = "uid",
3109                 .lname  = "User ID",
3110                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3111                 .off1   = td_var_offset(uid),
3112                 .help   = "Run job with this user ID",
3113                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3114                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3115         },
3116         {
3117                 .name   = "gid",
3118                 .lname  = "Group ID",
3119                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3120                 .off1   = td_var_offset(gid),
3121                 .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
3122                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3123                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3124         },
3125         {
3126                 .name   = "kb_base",
3127                 .lname  = "KB Base",
3128                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3129                 .off1   = td_var_offset(kb_base),
3130                 .prio   = 1,
3131                 .def    = "1024",
3132                 .posval = {
3133                           { .ival = "1024",
3134                             .oval = 1024,
3135                             .help = "Use 1024 as the K base",
3136                           },
3137                           { .ival = "1000",
3138                             .oval = 1000,
3139                             .help = "Use 1000 as the K base",
3140                           },
3141                 },
3142                 .help   = "How many bytes per KB for reporting (1000 or 1024)",
3143                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3144                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3145         },
3146         {
3147                 .name   = "unit_base",
3148                 .lname  = "Base unit for reporting (Bits or Bytes)",
3149                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3150                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unit_base),
3151                 .prio   = 1,
3152                 .posval = {
3153                           { .ival = "0",
3154                             .oval = 0,
3155                             .help = "Auto-detect",
3156                           },
3157                           { .ival = "8",
3158                             .oval = 8,
3159                             .help = "Normal (byte based)",
3160                           },
3161                           { .ival = "1",
3162                             .oval = 1,
3163                             .help = "Bit based",
3164                           },
3165                 },
3166                 .help   = "Bit multiple of result summary data (8 for byte, 1 for bit)",
3167                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3168                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3169         },
3170         {
3171                 .name   = "hugepage-size",
3172                 .lname  = "Hugepage size",
3173                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3174                 .off1   = td_var_offset(hugepage_size),
3175                 .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
3176                 .def    = __fio_stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
3177                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3178                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3179                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3180         },
3181         {
3182                 .name   = "flow_id",
3183                 .lname  = "I/O flow ID",
3184                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3185                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_id),
3186                 .help   = "The flow index ID to use",
3187                 .def    = "0",
3188                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3189                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3190         },
3191         {
3192                 .name   = "flow",
3193                 .lname  = "I/O flow weight",
3194                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3195                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow),
3196                 .help   = "Weight for flow control of this job",
3197                 .parent = "flow_id",
3198                 .hide   = 1,
3199                 .def    = "0",
3200                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3201                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3202         },
3203         {
3204                 .name   = "flow_watermark",
3205                 .lname  = "I/O flow watermark",
3206                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3207                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_watermark),
3208                 .help   = "High watermark for flow control. This option"
3209                         " should be set to the same value for all threads"
3210                         " with non-zero flow.",
3211                 .parent = "flow_id",
3212                 .hide   = 1,
3213                 .def    = "1024",
3214                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3215                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3216         },
3217         {
3218                 .name   = "flow_sleep",
3219                 .lname  = "I/O flow sleep",
3220                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3221                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_sleep),
3222                 .help   = "How many microseconds to sleep after being held"
3223                         " back by the flow control mechanism",
3224                 .parent = "flow_id",
3225                 .hide   = 1,
3226                 .def    = "0",
3227                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3228                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3229         },
3230         {
3231                 .name = NULL,
3232         },
3233 };
3234
3235 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o,
3236                         const char *name, int val)
3237 {
3238         lopt->name = (char *) name;
3239         lopt->val = val;
3240         if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
3241                 lopt->has_arg = no_argument;
3242         else
3243                 lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
3244 }
3245
3246 static void options_to_lopts(struct fio_option *opts,
3247                               struct option *long_options,
3248                               int i, int option_type)
3249 {
3250         struct fio_option *o = &opts[0];
3251         while (o->name) {
3252                 add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->name, option_type);
3253                 if (o->alias) {
3254                         i++;
3255                         add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->alias, option_type);
3256                 }
3257
3258                 i++;
3259                 o++;
3260                 assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
3261         }
3262 }
3263
3264 void fio_options_set_ioengine_opts(struct option *long_options,
3265                                    struct thread_data *td)
3266 {
3267         unsigned int i;
3268
3269         i = 0;
3270         while (long_options[i].name) {
3271                 if (long_options[i].val == FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE) {
3272                         memset(&long_options[i], 0, sizeof(*long_options));
3273                         break;
3274                 }
3275                 i++;
3276         }
3277
3278         /*
3279          * Just clear out the prior ioengine options.
3280          */
3281         if (!td || !td->eo)
3282                 return;
3283
3284         options_to_lopts(td->io_ops->options, long_options, i,
3285                          FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE);
3286 }
3287
3288 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
3289 {
3290         unsigned int i;
3291
3292         options_init(fio_options);
3293
3294         i = 0;
3295         while (long_options[i].name)
3296                 i++;
3297
3298         options_to_lopts(fio_options, long_options, i, FIO_GETOPT_JOB);
3299 }
3300
3301 struct fio_keyword {
3302         const char *word;
3303         const char *desc;
3304         char *replace;
3305 };
3306
3307 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
3308         {
3309                 .word   = "$pagesize",
3310                 .desc   = "Page size in the system",
3311         },
3312         {
3313                 .word   = "$mb_memory",
3314                 .desc   = "Megabytes of memory online",
3315         },
3316         {
3317                 .word   = "$ncpus",
3318                 .desc   = "Number of CPUs online in the system",
3319         },
3320         {
3321                 .word   = NULL,
3322         },
3323 };
3324
3325 void fio_keywords_init(void)
3326 {
3327         unsigned long long mb_memory;
3328         char buf[128];
3329         long l;
3330
3331         sprintf(buf, "%lu", (unsigned long) page_size);
3332         fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
3333
3334         mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / (1024 * 1024);
3335         sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
3336         fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
3337
3338         l = cpus_online();
3339         sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
3340         fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
3341 }
3342
3343 #define BC_APP          "bc"
3344
3345 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
3346 {
3347         char buf[128], *tmp;
3348         FILE *f;
3349         int ret;
3350
3351         /*
3352          * No math, just return string
3353          */
3354         if ((!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
3355              !strchr(str, '/')) || strchr(str, '\''))
3356                 return str;
3357
3358         /*
3359          * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
3360          */
3361         tmp = strchr(str, '=');
3362         if (!tmp)
3363                 return str;
3364
3365         tmp++;
3366
3367         /*
3368          * Prevent buffer overflows; such a case isn't reasonable anyway
3369          */
3370         if (strlen(str) >= 128 || strlen(tmp) > 100)
3371                 return str;
3372
3373         sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
3374         if (system(buf)) {
3375                 log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
3376                 return NULL;
3377         }
3378
3379         sprintf(buf, "echo '%s' | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
3380         f = popen(buf, "r");
3381         if (!f)
3382                 return NULL;
3383
3384         ret = fread(&buf[tmp - str], 1, 128 - (tmp - str), f);
3385         if (ret <= 0)
3386                 return NULL;
3387
3388         pclose(f);
3389         buf[(tmp - str) + ret - 1] = '\0';
3390         memcpy(buf, str, tmp - str);
3391         free(str);
3392         return strdup(buf);
3393 }
3394
3395 /*
3396  * Return a copy of the input string with substrings of the form ${VARNAME}
3397  * substituted with the value of the environment variable VARNAME.  The
3398  * substitution always occurs, even if VARNAME is empty or the corresponding
3399  * environment variable undefined.
3400  */
3401 static char *option_dup_subs(const char *opt)
3402 {
3403         char out[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
3404         char in[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
3405         char *outptr = out;
3406         char *inptr = in;
3407         char *ch1, *ch2, *env;
3408         ssize_t nchr = OPT_LEN_MAX;
3409         size_t envlen;
3410
3411         if (strlen(opt) + 1 > OPT_LEN_MAX) {
3412                 log_err("OPT_LEN_MAX (%d) is too small\n", OPT_LEN_MAX);
3413                 return NULL;
3414         }
3415
3416         in[OPT_LEN_MAX] = '\0';
3417         strncpy(in, opt, OPT_LEN_MAX);
3418
3419         while (*inptr && nchr > 0) {
3420                 if (inptr[0] == '$' && inptr[1] == '{') {
3421                         ch2 = strchr(inptr, '}');
3422                         if (ch2 && inptr+1 < ch2) {
3423                                 ch1 = inptr+2;
3424                                 inptr = ch2+1;
3425                                 *ch2 = '\0';
3426
3427                                 env = getenv(ch1);
3428                                 if (env) {
3429                                         envlen = strlen(env);
3430                                         if (envlen <= nchr) {
3431                                                 memcpy(outptr, env, envlen);
3432                                                 outptr += envlen;
3433                                                 nchr -= envlen;
3434                                         }
3435                                 }
3436
3437                                 continue;
3438                         }
3439                 }
3440
3441                 *outptr++ = *inptr++;
3442                 --nchr;
3443         }
3444
3445         *outptr = '\0';
3446         return strdup(out);
3447 }
3448
3449 /*
3450  * Look for reserved variable names and replace them with real values
3451  */
3452 static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
3453 {
3454         char *s;
3455         int i;
3456         int docalc = 0;
3457
3458         for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
3459                 struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
3460
3461                 while ((s = strstr(opt, kw->word)) != NULL) {
3462                         char *new = malloc(strlen(opt) + 1);
3463                         char *o_org = opt;
3464                         int olen = s - opt;
3465                         int len;
3466
3467                         /*
3468                          * Copy part of the string before the keyword and
3469                          * sprintf() the replacement after it.
3470                          */
3471                         memcpy(new, opt, olen);
3472                         len = sprintf(new + olen, "%s", kw->replace);
3473
3474                         /*
3475                          * If there's more in the original string, copy that
3476                          * in too
3477                          */
3478                         opt += strlen(kw->word) + olen;
3479                         if (strlen(opt))
3480                                 memcpy(new + olen + len, opt, opt - o_org - 1);
3481
3482                         /*
3483                          * replace opt and free the old opt
3484                          */
3485                         opt = new;
3486                         free(o_org);
3487
3488                         docalc = 1;
3489                 }
3490         }
3491
3492         /*
3493          * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
3494          */
3495         if (docalc)
3496                 opt = bc_calc(opt);
3497
3498         return opt;
3499 }
3500
3501 static char **dup_and_sub_options(char **opts, int num_opts)
3502 {
3503         int i;
3504         char **opts_copy = malloc(num_opts * sizeof(*opts));
3505         for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
3506                 opts_copy[i] = option_dup_subs(opts[i]);
3507                 if (!opts_copy[i])
3508                         continue;
3509                 opts_copy[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts_copy[i]);
3510         }
3511         return opts_copy;
3512 }
3513
3514 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts)
3515 {
3516         int i, ret, unknown;
3517         char **opts_copy;
3518
3519         sort_options(opts, fio_options, num_opts);
3520         opts_copy = dup_and_sub_options(opts, num_opts);
3521
3522         for (ret = 0, i = 0, unknown = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
3523                 struct fio_option *o;
3524                 int newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i], fio_options,
3525                                                 &o, td);
3526
3527                 if (opts_copy[i]) {
3528                         if (newret && !o) {
3529                                 unknown++;
3530                                 continue;
3531                         }
3532                         free(opts_copy[i]);
3533                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
3534                 }
3535
3536                 ret |= newret;
3537         }
3538
3539         if (unknown) {
3540                 ret |= ioengine_load(td);
3541                 if (td->eo) {
3542                         sort_options(opts_copy, td->io_ops->options, num_opts);
3543                         opts = opts_copy;
3544                 }
3545                 for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
3546                         struct fio_option *o = NULL;
3547                         int newret = 1;
3548                         if (!opts_copy[i])
3549                                 continue;
3550
3551                         if (td->eo)
3552                                 newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i],
3553                                                       td->io_ops->options, &o,
3554                                                       td->eo);
3555
3556                         ret |= newret;
3557                         if (!o)
3558                                 log_err("Bad option <%s>\n", opts[i]);
3559
3560                         free(opts_copy[i]);
3561                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
3562                 }
3563         }
3564
3565         free(opts_copy);
3566         return ret;
3567 }
3568
3569 int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
3570 {
3571         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, fio_options, td);
3572 }
3573
3574 int fio_cmd_ioengine_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt,
3575                                 char *val)
3576 {
3577         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, td->io_ops->options, td);
3578 }
3579
3580 void fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data *td)
3581 {
3582         fill_default_options(td, fio_options);
3583 }
3584
3585 int fio_show_option_help(const char *opt)
3586 {
3587         return show_cmd_help(fio_options, opt);
3588 }
3589
3590 void options_mem_dupe(void *data, struct fio_option *options)
3591 {
3592         struct fio_option *o;
3593         char **ptr;
3594
3595         for (o = &options[0]; o->name; o++) {
3596                 if (o->type != FIO_OPT_STR_STORE)
3597                         continue;
3598
3599                 ptr = td_var(data, o->off1);
3600                 if (*ptr)
3601                         *ptr = strdup(*ptr);
3602         }
3603 }
3604
3605 /*
3606  * dupe FIO_OPT_STR_STORE options
3607  */
3608 void fio_options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
3609 {
3610         options_mem_dupe(&td->o, fio_options);
3611
3612         if (td->eo && td->io_ops) {
3613                 void *oldeo = td->eo;
3614
3615                 td->eo = malloc(td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
3616                 memcpy(td->eo, oldeo, td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
3617                 options_mem_dupe(td->eo, td->io_ops->options);
3618         }
3619 }
3620
3621 unsigned int fio_get_kb_base(void *data)
3622 {
3623         struct thread_options *o = data;
3624         unsigned int kb_base = 0;
3625
3626         if (o)
3627                 kb_base = o->kb_base;
3628         if (!kb_base)
3629                 kb_base = 1024;
3630
3631         return kb_base;
3632 }
3633
3634 int add_option(struct fio_option *o)
3635 {
3636         struct fio_option *__o;
3637         int opt_index = 0;
3638
3639         __o = fio_options;
3640         while (__o->name) {
3641                 opt_index++;
3642                 __o++;
3643         }
3644
3645         memcpy(&fio_options[opt_index], o, sizeof(*o));
3646         return 0;
3647 }
3648
3649 void invalidate_profile_options(const char *prof_name)
3650 {
3651         struct fio_option *o;
3652
3653         o = fio_options;
3654         while (o->name) {
3655                 if (o->prof_name && !strcmp(o->prof_name, prof_name)) {
3656                         o->type = FIO_OPT_INVALID;
3657                         o->prof_name = NULL;
3658                 }
3659                 o++;
3660         }
3661 }
3662
3663 void add_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival, const char *help)
3664 {
3665         struct fio_option *o;
3666         unsigned int i;
3667
3668         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
3669         if (!o)
3670                 return;
3671
3672         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
3673                 if (o->posval[i].ival)
3674                         continue;
3675
3676                 o->posval[i].ival = ival;
3677                 o->posval[i].help = help;
3678                 break;
3679         }
3680 }
3681
3682 void del_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival)
3683 {
3684         struct fio_option *o;
3685         unsigned int i;
3686
3687         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
3688         if (!o)
3689                 return;
3690
3691         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
3692                 if (!o->posval[i].ival)
3693                         continue;
3694                 if (strcmp(o->posval[i].ival, ival))
3695                         continue;
3696
3697                 o->posval[i].ival = NULL;
3698                 o->posval[i].help = NULL;
3699         }
3700 }
3701
3702 void fio_options_free(struct thread_data *td)
3703 {
3704         options_free(fio_options, td);
3705         if (td->eo && td->io_ops && td->io_ops->options) {
3706                 options_free(td->io_ops->options, td->eo);
3707                 free(td->eo);
3708                 td->eo = NULL;
3709         }
3710 }
3711
3712 struct fio_option *fio_option_find(const char *name)
3713 {
3714         return find_option(fio_options, name);
3715 }
3716