options.c

   1 #include <stdio.h>
   2 #include <stdlib.h>
   3 #include <unistd.h>
   4 #include <ctype.h>
   5 #include <string.h>
   6 #include <assert.h>
   7 #include <fcntl.h>
   8 #include <sys/stat.h>
   9 #include <netinet/in.h>
  10
  11 #include "fio.h"
  12 #include "verify.h"
  13 #include "parse.h"
  14 #include "lib/pattern.h"
  15 #include "options.h"
  16 #include "optgroup.h"
  17 #include "zbd.h"
  18
  19 char client_sockaddr_str[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN] = { 0 };
  20
  21 #define cb_data_to_td(data)     container_of(data, struct thread_data, o)
  22
  23 static const struct pattern_fmt_desc fmt_desc[] = {
  24         {
  25                 .fmt   = "%o",
  26                 .len   = FIO_FIELD_SIZE(struct io_u *, offset),
  27                 .paste = paste_blockoff
  28         },
  29         { }
  30 };
  31
  32 /*
  33  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
  34  */
  35 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
  36 {
  37         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
  38
  39         if (!p)
  40                 return NULL;
  41
  42         p++;
  43         strip_blank_front(&p);
  44         strip_blank_end(p);
  45         return strdup(p);
  46 }
  47
  48 static bool split_parse_distr(const char *str, double *val, double *center)
  49 {
  50         char *cp, *p;
  51         bool r;
  52
  53         p = strdup(str);
  54         if (!p)
  55                 return false;
  56
  57         cp = strstr(p, ":");
  58         r = true;
  59         if (cp) {
  60                 *cp = '\0';
  61                 cp++;
  62                 r = str_to_float(cp, center, 0);
  63         }
  64         r = r && str_to_float(p, val, 0);
  65         free(p);
  66         return r;
  67 }
  68
  69 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  70 {
  71         const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
  72         const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
  73
  74         return (int) bsp1->perc - (int) bsp2->perc;
  75 }
  76
  77 int split_parse_ddir(struct thread_options *o, struct split *split,
  78                             char *str, bool absolute, unsigned int max_splits)
  79 {
  80         unsigned long long perc;
  81         unsigned int i;
  82         long long val;
  83         char *fname;
  84
  85         split->nr = 0;
  86
  87         i = 0;
  88         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
  89                 char *perc_str;
  90
  91                 if (!strlen(fname))
  92                         break;
  93
  94                 perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
  95                 if (perc_str) {
  96                         *perc_str = '\0';
  97                         perc_str++;
  98                         if (absolute) {
  99                                 if (str_to_decimal(perc_str, &val, 1, o, 0, 0)) {
 100                                         log_err("fio: split conversion failed\n");
 101                                         return 1;
 102                                 }
 103                                 perc = val;
 104                         } else {
 105                                 perc = atoi(perc_str);
 106                                 if (perc > 100)
 107                                         perc = 100;
 108                                 else if (!perc)
 109                                         perc = -1U;
 110                         }
 111                 } else {
 112                         if (absolute)
 113                                 perc = 0;
 114                         else
 115                                 perc = -1U;
 116                 }
 117
 118                 if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, o, 0, 0)) {
 119                         log_err("fio: split conversion failed\n");
 120                         return 1;
 121                 }
 122
 123                 split->val1[i] = val;
 124                 split->val2[i] = perc;
 125                 i++;
 126                 if (i == max_splits) {
 127                         log_err("fio: hit max of %d split entries\n", i);
 128                         break;
 129                 }
 130         }
 131
 132         split->nr = i;
 133         return 0;
 134 }
 135
 136 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_options *o, void *eo,
 137                         enum fio_ddir ddir, char *str, bool data)
 138 {
 139         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
 140         unsigned long long max_bs, min_bs;
 141         struct split split;
 142
 143         memset(&split, 0, sizeof(split));
 144
 145         if (split_parse_ddir(o, &split, str, data, BSSPLIT_MAX))
 146                 return 1;
 147         if (!split.nr)
 148                 return 0;
 149
 150         max_bs = 0;
 151         min_bs = -1;
 152         o->bssplit[ddir] = malloc(split.nr * sizeof(struct bssplit));
 153         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] = split.nr;
 154         for (i = 0; i < split.nr; i++) {
 155                 if (split.val1[i] > max_bs)
 156                         max_bs = split.val1[i];
 157                 if (split.val1[i] < min_bs)
 158                         min_bs = split.val1[i];
 159
 160                 o->bssplit[ddir][i].bs = split.val1[i];
 161                 o->bssplit[ddir][i].perc =split.val2[i];
 162         }
 163
 164         /*
 165          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 166          */
 167         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 168         for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 169                 struct bssplit *bsp = &o->bssplit[ddir][i];
 170
 171                 if (bsp->perc == -1U)
 172                         perc_missing++;
 173                 else
 174                         perc += bsp->perc;
 175         }
 176
 177         if (perc > 100 && perc_missing > 1) {
 178                 log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 179                 free(o->bssplit[ddir]);
 180                 o->bssplit[ddir] = NULL;
 181                 return 1;
 182         }
 183
 184         /*
 185          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 186          * them.
 187          */
 188         if (perc_missing) {
 189                 if (perc_missing == 1 && o->bssplit_nr[ddir] == 1)
 190                         perc = 100;
 191                 for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 192                         struct bssplit *bsp = &o->bssplit[ddir][i];
 193
 194                         if (bsp->perc == -1U)
 195                                 bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 196                 }
 197         }
 198
 199         o->min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
 200         o->max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
 201
 202         /*
 203          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 204          */
 205         qsort(o->bssplit[ddir], o->bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
 206         return 0;
 207 }
 208
 209 int str_split_parse(struct thread_data *td, char *str,
 210                     split_parse_fn *fn, void *eo, bool data)
 211 {
 212         char *odir, *ddir;
 213         int ret = 0;
 214
 215         odir = strchr(str, ',');
 216         if (odir) {
 217                 ddir = strchr(odir + 1, ',');
 218                 if (ddir) {
 219                         ret = fn(&td->o, eo, DDIR_TRIM, ddir + 1, data);
 220                         if (!ret)
 221                                 *ddir = '\0';
 222                 } else {
 223                         char *op;
 224
 225                         op = strdup(odir + 1);
 226                         ret = fn(&td->o, eo, DDIR_TRIM, op, data);
 227
 228                         free(op);
 229                 }
 230                 if (!ret)
 231                         ret = fn(&td->o, eo, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1, data);
 232                 if (!ret) {
 233                         *odir = '\0';
 234                         ret = fn(&td->o, eo, DDIR_READ, str, data);
 235                 }
 236         } else {
 237                 char *op;
 238
 239                 op = strdup(str);
 240                 ret = fn(&td->o, eo, DDIR_WRITE, op, data);
 241                 free(op);
 242
 243                 if (!ret) {
 244                         op = strdup(str);
 245                         ret = fn(&td->o, eo, DDIR_TRIM, op, data);
 246                         free(op);
 247                 }
 248                 if (!ret)
 249                         ret = fn(&td->o, eo, DDIR_READ, str, data);
 250         }
 251
 252         return ret;
 253 }
 254
 255 static int fio_fdp_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
 256 {
 257         const uint16_t *t1 = p1;
 258         const uint16_t *t2 = p2;
 259
 260         return *t1 - *t2;
 261 }
 262
 263 static int str_fdp_pli_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 264 {
 265         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 266         char *str, *p, *v;
 267         int i = 0;
 268
 269         p = str = strdup(input);
 270         strip_blank_front(&str);
 271         strip_blank_end(str);
 272
 273         while ((v = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL && i < FIO_MAX_DP_IDS) {
 274                 unsigned long long id = strtoull(v, NULL, 0);
 275                 if (id > 0xFFFF) {
 276                         log_err("Placement IDs cannot exceed 0xFFFF\n");
 277                         free(p);
 278                         return 1;
 279                 }
 280                 td->o.dp_ids[i++] = id;
 281         }
 282         free(p);
 283
 284         qsort(td->o.dp_ids, i, sizeof(*td->o.dp_ids), fio_fdp_cmp);
 285         td->o.dp_nr_ids = i;
 286
 287         return 0;
 288 }
 289
 290 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 291 {
 292         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 293         char *str, *p;
 294         int ret = 0;
 295
 296         p = str = strdup(input);
 297
 298         strip_blank_front(&str);
 299         strip_blank_end(str);
 300
 301         ret = str_split_parse(td, str, bssplit_ddir, NULL, false);
 302
 303         if (parse_dryrun()) {
 304                 int i;
 305
 306                 for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
 307                         free(td->o.bssplit[i]);
 308                         td->o.bssplit[i] = NULL;
 309                         td->o.bssplit_nr[i] = 0;
 310                 }
 311         }
 312
 313         free(p);
 314         return ret;
 315 }
 316
 317 static int parse_cmdprio_bssplit_entry(struct thread_options *o,
 318                                        struct split_prio *entry, char *str)
 319 {
 320         int matches = 0;
 321         char *bs_str = NULL;
 322         long long bs_val;
 323         unsigned int perc = 0, class, level, hint;
 324
 325         /*
 326          * valid entry formats:
 327          * bs/ - %s/ - set perc to 0, prio to -1.
 328          * bs/perc - %s/%u - set prio to -1.
 329          * bs/perc/class/level - %s/%u/%u/%u
 330          * bs/perc/class/level/hint - %s/%u/%u/%u/%u
 331          */
 332         matches = sscanf(str, "%m[^/]/%u/%u/%u/%u",
 333                          &bs_str, &perc, &class, &level, &hint);
 334         if (matches < 1) {
 335                 log_err("fio: invalid cmdprio_bssplit format\n");
 336                 return 1;
 337         }
 338
 339         if (str_to_decimal(bs_str, &bs_val, 1, o, 0, 0)) {
 340                 log_err("fio: split conversion failed\n");
 341                 free(bs_str);
 342                 return 1;
 343         }
 344         free(bs_str);
 345
 346         entry->bs = bs_val;
 347         entry->perc = min(perc, 100u);
 348         entry->prio = -1;
 349         switch (matches) {
 350         case 1: /* bs/ case */
 351         case 2: /* bs/perc case */
 352                 break;
 353         case 4: /* bs/perc/class/level case */
 354         case 5: /* bs/perc/class/level/hint case */
 355                 class = min(class, (unsigned int) IOPRIO_MAX_PRIO_CLASS);
 356                 level = min(level, (unsigned int) IOPRIO_MAX_PRIO);
 357                 if (matches == 5)
 358                         hint = min(hint, (unsigned int) IOPRIO_MAX_PRIO_HINT);
 359                 else
 360                         hint = 0;
 361                 entry->prio = ioprio_value(class, level, hint);
 362                 break;
 363         default:
 364                 log_err("fio: invalid cmdprio_bssplit format\n");
 365                 return 1;
 366         }
 367
 368         return 0;
 369 }
 370
 371 /*
 372  * Returns a negative integer if the first argument should be before the second
 373  * argument in the sorted list. A positive integer if the first argument should
 374  * be after the second argument in the sorted list. A zero if they are equal.
 375  */
 376 static int fio_split_prio_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
 377 {
 378         const struct split_prio *tmp1 = p1;
 379         const struct split_prio *tmp2 = p2;
 380
 381         if (tmp1->bs > tmp2->bs)
 382                 return 1;
 383         if (tmp1->bs < tmp2->bs)
 384                 return -1;
 385         return 0;
 386 }
 387
 388 int split_parse_prio_ddir(struct thread_options *o, struct split_prio **entries,
 389                           int *nr_entries, char *str)
 390 {
 391         struct split_prio *tmp_entries;
 392         unsigned int nr_bssplits;
 393         char *str_cpy, *p, *fname;
 394
 395         /* strsep modifies the string, dup it so that we can use strsep twice */
 396         p = str_cpy = strdup(str);
 397         if (!p)
 398                 return 1;
 399
 400         nr_bssplits = 0;
 401         while ((fname = strsep(&str_cpy, ":")) != NULL) {
 402                 if (!strlen(fname))
 403                         break;
 404                 nr_bssplits++;
 405         }
 406         free(p);
 407
 408         if (nr_bssplits > BSSPLIT_MAX) {
 409                 log_err("fio: too many cmdprio_bssplit entries\n");
 410                 return 1;
 411         }
 412
 413         tmp_entries = calloc(nr_bssplits, sizeof(*tmp_entries));
 414         if (!tmp_entries)
 415                 return 1;
 416
 417         nr_bssplits = 0;
 418         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
 419                 struct split_prio *entry;
 420
 421                 if (!strlen(fname))
 422                         break;
 423
 424                 entry = &tmp_entries[nr_bssplits];
 425
 426                 if (parse_cmdprio_bssplit_entry(o, entry, fname)) {
 427                         log_err("fio: failed to parse cmdprio_bssplit entry\n");
 428                         free(tmp_entries);
 429                         return 1;
 430                 }
 431
 432                 /* skip zero perc entries, they provide no useful information */
 433                 if (entry->perc)
 434                         nr_bssplits++;
 435         }
 436
 437         qsort(tmp_entries, nr_bssplits, sizeof(*tmp_entries),
 438               fio_split_prio_cmp);
 439
 440         *entries = tmp_entries;
 441         *nr_entries = nr_bssplits;
 442
 443         return 0;
 444 }
 445
 446 static int str2error(char *str)
 447 {
 448         const char *err[] = { "EPERM", "ENOENT", "ESRCH", "EINTR", "EIO",
 449                             "ENXIO", "E2BIG", "ENOEXEC", "EBADF",
 450                             "ECHILD", "EAGAIN", "ENOMEM", "EACCES",
 451                             "EFAULT", "ENOTBLK", "EBUSY", "EEXIST",
 452                             "EXDEV", "ENODEV", "ENOTDIR", "EISDIR",
 453                             "EINVAL", "ENFILE", "EMFILE", "ENOTTY",
 454                             "ETXTBSY","EFBIG", "ENOSPC", "ESPIPE",
 455                             "EROFS","EMLINK", "EPIPE", "EDOM", "ERANGE" };
 456         int i = 0, num = sizeof(err) / sizeof(char *);
 457
 458         while (i < num) {
 459                 if (!strcmp(err[i], str))
 460                         return i + 1;
 461                 i++;
 462         }
 463         return 0;
 464 }
 465
 466 static int ignore_error_type(struct thread_data *td, enum error_type_bit etype,
 467                                 char *str)
 468 {
 469         unsigned int i;
 470         int *error;
 471         char *fname;
 472
 473         if (etype >= ERROR_TYPE_CNT) {
 474                 log_err("Illegal error type\n");
 475                 return 1;
 476         }
 477
 478         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = 4;
 479         error = calloc(4, sizeof(int));
 480
 481         i = 0;
 482         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
 483
 484                 if (!strlen(fname))
 485                         break;
 486
 487                 /*
 488                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
 489                  */
 490                 if (i == td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]) {
 491                         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] <<= 1;
 492                         error = realloc(error, td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]
 493                                                   * sizeof(int));
 494                 }
 495                 if (fname[0] == 'E') {
 496                         error[i] = str2error(fname);
 497                 } else {
 498                         error[i] = atoi(fname);
 499                         if (error[i] < 0)
 500                                 error[i] = -error[i];
 501                 }
 502                 if (!error[i]) {
 503                         log_err("Unknown error %s, please use number value\n",
 504                                   fname);
 505                         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = 0;
 506                         free(error);
 507                         return 1;
 508                 }
 509                 i++;
 510         }
 511         if (i) {
 512                 td->o.continue_on_error |= 1 << etype;
 513                 td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = i;
 514                 td->o.ignore_error[etype] = error;
 515         } else {
 516                 td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = 0;
 517                 free(error);
 518         }
 519
 520         return 0;
 521
 522 }
 523
 524 static int str_replay_skip_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 525 {
 526         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 527         char *str, *p, *n;
 528         int ret = 0;
 529
 530         if (parse_dryrun())
 531                 return 0;
 532
 533         p = str = strdup(input);
 534
 535         strip_blank_front(&str);
 536         strip_blank_end(str);
 537
 538         while (p) {
 539                 n = strchr(p, ',');
 540                 if (n)
 541                         *n++ = '\0';
 542                 if (!strcmp(p, "read"))
 543                         td->o.replay_skip |= 1u << DDIR_READ;
 544                 else if (!strcmp(p, "write"))
 545                         td->o.replay_skip |= 1u << DDIR_WRITE;
 546                 else if (!strcmp(p, "trim"))
 547                         td->o.replay_skip |= 1u << DDIR_TRIM;
 548                 else if (!strcmp(p, "sync"))
 549                         td->o.replay_skip |= 1u << DDIR_SYNC;
 550                 else {
 551                         log_err("Unknown skip type: %s\n", p);
 552                         ret = 1;
 553                         break;
 554                 }
 555                 p = n;
 556         }
 557         free(str);
 558         return ret;
 559 }
 560
 561 static int str_ignore_error_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 562 {
 563         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 564         char *str, *p, *n;
 565         int ret = 1;
 566         enum error_type_bit type = 0;
 567
 568         if (parse_dryrun())
 569                 return 0;
 570
 571         p = str = strdup(input);
 572
 573         strip_blank_front(&str);
 574         strip_blank_end(str);
 575
 576         while (p) {
 577                 n = strchr(p, ',');
 578                 if (n)
 579                         *n++ = '\0';
 580                 ret = ignore_error_type(td, type, p);
 581                 if (ret)
 582                         break;
 583                 p = n;
 584                 type++;
 585         }
 586         free(str);
 587         return ret;
 588 }
 589
 590 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 591 {
 592         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 593         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
 594         char *nr;
 595
 596         if (parse_dryrun())
 597                 return 0;
 598
 599         o->ddir_seq_nr = 1;
 600         o->ddir_seq_add = 0;
 601
 602         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 603         if (!nr)
 604                 return 0;
 605
 606         if (td_random(td)) {
 607                 long long val;
 608
 609                 if (str_to_decimal(nr, &val, 1, o, 0, 0)) {
 610                         log_err("fio: randrw postfix parsing failed\n");
 611                         free(nr);
 612                         return 1;
 613                 }
 614                 if ((val <= 0) || (val > UINT_MAX)) {
 615                         log_err("fio: randrw postfix parsing out of range\n");
 616                         free(nr);
 617                         return 1;
 618                 }
 619                 o->ddir_seq_nr = (unsigned int) val;
 620         } else {
 621                 long long val;
 622
 623                 if (str_to_decimal(nr, &val, 1, o, 0, 0)) {
 624                         log_err("fio: rw postfix parsing failed\n");
 625                         free(nr);
 626                         return 1;
 627                 }
 628
 629                 o->ddir_seq_add = val;
 630         }
 631
 632         free(nr);
 633         return 0;
 634 }
 635
 636 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 637 {
 638         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 639
 640         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAP ||
 641             td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPSHARED)
 642                 td->o.mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
 643
 644         return 0;
 645 }
 646
 647 static int fio_clock_source_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 648 {
 649         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 650
 651         fio_clock_source = td->o.clocksource;
 652         fio_clock_source_set = 1;
 653         fio_clock_init();
 654         return 0;
 655 }
 656
 657 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, long long *val)
 658 {
 659         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 660
 661         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
 662         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
 663         return 0;
 664 }
 665
 666 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, long long *val)
 667 {
 668         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 669
 670         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
 671         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
 672         return 0;
 673 }
 674
 675 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
 676 {
 677         exitall_on_terminate = true;
 678         return 0;
 679 }
 680
 681 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 682 int fio_cpus_split(os_cpu_mask_t *mask, unsigned int cpu_index)
 683 {
 684         unsigned int i, index, cpus_in_mask;
 685         const long max_cpu = cpus_configured();
 686
 687         cpus_in_mask = fio_cpu_count(mask);
 688         if (!cpus_in_mask)
 689                 return 0;
 690
 691         cpu_index = cpu_index % cpus_in_mask;
 692
 693         index = 0;
 694         for (i = 0; i < max_cpu; i++) {
 695                 if (!fio_cpu_isset(mask, i))
 696                         continue;
 697
 698                 if (cpu_index != index)
 699                         fio_cpu_clear(mask, i);
 700
 701                 index++;
 702         }
 703
 704         return fio_cpu_count(mask);
 705 }
 706
 707 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 708 {
 709         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 710         unsigned int i;
 711         long max_cpu;
 712         int ret;
 713
 714         if (parse_dryrun())
 715                 return 0;
 716
 717         ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
 718         if (ret < 0) {
 719                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 720                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 721                 return 1;
 722         }
 723
 724         max_cpu = cpus_configured();
 725
 726         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
 727                 if ((1 << i) & *val) {
 728                         if (i >= max_cpu) {
 729                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
 730                                                                 max_cpu - 1);
 731                                 return 1;
 732                         }
 733                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
 734                         fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
 735                 }
 736         }
 737
 738         return 0;
 739 }
 740
 741 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
 742                             const char *input)
 743 {
 744         char *cpu, *str, *p;
 745         long max_cpu;
 746         int ret = 0;
 747
 748         ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
 749         if (ret < 0) {
 750                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 751                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 752                 return 1;
 753         }
 754
 755         p = str = strdup(input);
 756
 757         strip_blank_front(&str);
 758         strip_blank_end(str);
 759
 760         max_cpu = cpus_configured();
 761
 762         while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
 763                 char *str2, *cpu2;
 764                 int icpu, icpu2;
 765
 766                 if (!strlen(cpu))
 767                         break;
 768
 769                 str2 = cpu;
 770                 icpu2 = -1;
 771                 while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
 772                         if (!strlen(cpu2))
 773                                 break;
 774
 775                         icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
 776                 }
 777
 778                 icpu = atoi(cpu);
 779                 if (icpu2 == -1)
 780                         icpu2 = icpu;
 781                 while (icpu <= icpu2) {
 782                         if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
 783                                 log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
 784                                         " %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
 785                                 ret = 1;
 786                                 break;
 787                         }
 788                         if (icpu >= max_cpu) {
 789                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
 790                                                         icpu, max_cpu - 1);
 791                                 ret = 1;
 792                                 break;
 793                         }
 794
 795                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
 796                         fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
 797                         icpu++;
 798                 }
 799                 if (ret)
 800                         break;
 801         }
 802
 803         free(p);
 804         return ret;
 805 }
 806
 807 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 808 {
 809         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 810
 811         if (parse_dryrun())
 812                 return 0;
 813
 814         return set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
 815 }
 816
 817 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 818 {
 819         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 820
 821         if (parse_dryrun())
 822                 return 0;
 823
 824         return set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
 825 }
 826
 827 #ifdef CONFIG_ZLIB
 828 static int str_log_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 829 {
 830         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 831
 832         if (parse_dryrun())
 833                 return 0;
 834
 835         return set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.log_gz_cpumask, input);
 836 }
 837 #endif /* CONFIG_ZLIB */
 838
 839 #endif /* FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY */
 840
 841 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
 842 static int str_numa_cpunodes_cb(void *data, char *input)
 843 {
 844         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 845         struct bitmask *verify_bitmask;
 846
 847         if (parse_dryrun())
 848                 return 0;
 849
 850         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 851          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 852          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 853          * numa_free_nodemask().
 854          */
 855         verify_bitmask = numa_parse_nodestring(input);
 856         if (verify_bitmask == NULL) {
 857                 log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 858                 td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_cpunodes_cb");
 859                 return 1;
 860         }
 861         numa_free_nodemask(verify_bitmask);
 862
 863         td->o.numa_cpunodes = strdup(input);
 864         return 0;
 865 }
 866
 867 static int str_numa_mpol_cb(void *data, char *input)
 868 {
 869         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 870         const char * const policy_types[] =
 871                 { "default", "prefer", "bind", "interleave", "local", NULL };
 872         int i;
 873         char *nodelist;
 874         struct bitmask *verify_bitmask;
 875
 876         if (parse_dryrun())
 877                 return 0;
 878
 879         nodelist = strchr(input, ':');
 880         if (nodelist) {
 881                 /* NUL-terminate mode */
 882                 *nodelist++ = '\0';
 883         }
 884
 885         for (i = 0; i <= MPOL_LOCAL; i++) {
 886                 if (!strcmp(input, policy_types[i])) {
 887                         td->o.numa_mem_mode = i;
 888                         break;
 889                 }
 890         }
 891         if (i > MPOL_LOCAL) {
 892                 log_err("fio: memory policy should be: default, prefer, bind, interleave, local\n");
 893                 goto out;
 894         }
 895
 896         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 897         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 898                 /*
 899                  * Insist on a nodelist of one node only
 900                  */
 901                 if (nodelist) {
 902                         char *rest = nodelist;
 903                         while (isdigit(*rest))
 904                                 rest++;
 905                         if (*rest) {
 906                                 log_err("fio: one node only for \'prefer\'\n");
 907                                 goto out;
 908                         }
 909                 } else {
 910                         log_err("fio: one node is needed for \'prefer\'\n");
 911                         goto out;
 912                 }
 913                 break;
 914         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 915                 /*
 916                  * Default to online nodes with memory if no nodelist
 917                  */
 918                 if (!nodelist)
 919                         nodelist = strdup("all");
 920                 break;
 921         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 922         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 923                 /*
 924                  * Don't allow a nodelist
 925                  */
 926                 if (nodelist) {
 927                         log_err("fio: NO nodelist for \'local\'\n");
 928                         goto out;
 929                 }
 930                 break;
 931         case MPOL_BIND:
 932                 /*
 933                  * Insist on a nodelist
 934                  */
 935                 if (!nodelist) {
 936                         log_err("fio: a nodelist is needed for \'bind\'\n");
 937                         goto out;
 938                 }
 939                 break;
 940         }
 941
 942
 943         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 944          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 945          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 946          * numa_free_nodemask().
 947          */
 948         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 949         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 950                 td->o.numa_mem_prefer_node = atoi(nodelist);
 951                 break;
 952         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 953         case MPOL_BIND:
 954                 verify_bitmask = numa_parse_nodestring(nodelist);
 955                 if (verify_bitmask == NULL) {
 956                         log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 957                         td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_memnodes_cb");
 958                         return 1;
 959                 }
 960                 td->o.numa_memnodes = strdup(nodelist);
 961                 numa_free_nodemask(verify_bitmask);
 962
 963                 break;
 964         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 965         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 966         default:
 967                 break;
 968         }
 969
 970         return 0;
 971 out:
 972         return 1;
 973 }
 974 #endif
 975
 976 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 977 {
 978         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 979         double val;
 980         double center = -1;
 981         bool done = false;
 982         char *nr;
 983
 984         td->file_service_nr = 1;
 985
 986         switch (td->o.file_service_type) {
 987         case FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM:
 988         case FIO_FSERVICE_RR:
 989         case FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ:
 990                 nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 991                 if (nr) {
 992                         td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
 993                         free(nr);
 994                 }
 995                 done = true;
 996                 break;
 997         case FIO_FSERVICE_ZIPF:
 998                 val = FIO_DEF_ZIPF;
 999                 break;
1000         case FIO_FSERVICE_PARETO:
1001                 val = FIO_DEF_PARETO;
1002                 break;
1003         case FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS:
1004                 val = 0.0;
1005                 break;
1006         default:
1007                 log_err("fio: bad file service type: %d\n", td->o.file_service_type);
1008                 return 1;
1009         }
1010
1011         if (done)
1012                 return 0;
1013
1014         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
1015         if (nr && !split_parse_distr(nr, &val, &center)) {
1016                 log_err("fio: file service type random postfix parsing failed\n");
1017                 free(nr);
1018                 return 1;
1019         }
1020
1021         free(nr);
1022
1023         if (center != -1 && (center < 0.00 || center > 1.00)) {
1024                 log_err("fio: distribution center out of range (0 <= center <= 1.0)\n");
1025                 return 1;
1026         }
1027         td->random_center = center;
1028
1029         switch (td->o.file_service_type) {
1030         case FIO_FSERVICE_ZIPF:
1031                 if (val == 1.00) {
1032                         log_err("fio: zipf theta must be different than 1.0\n");
1033                         return 1;
1034                 }
1035                 if (parse_dryrun())
1036                         return 0;
1037                 td->zipf_theta = val;
1038                 break;
1039         case FIO_FSERVICE_PARETO:
1040                 if (val <= 0.00 || val >= 1.00) {
1041                           log_err("fio: pareto input out of range (0 < input < 1.0)\n");
1042                           return 1;
1043                 }
1044                 if (parse_dryrun())
1045                         return 0;
1046                 td->pareto_h = val;
1047                 break;
1048         case FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS:
1049                 if (val < 0.00 || val >= 100.00) {
1050                           log_err("fio: normal deviation out of range (0 <= input < 100.0)\n");
1051                           return 1;
1052                 }
1053                 if (parse_dryrun())
1054                         return 0;
1055                 td->gauss_dev = val;
1056                 break;
1057         }
1058
1059         return 0;
1060 }
1061
1062 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
1063 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1064 {
1065         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1066         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
1067
1068         td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
1069         if (nr) {
1070                 td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
1071                 free(nr);
1072         }
1073
1074         return 0;
1075 }
1076 #endif
1077
1078 static int zone_split_ddir(struct thread_options *o, void *eo,
1079                            enum fio_ddir ddir, char *str, bool absolute)
1080 {
1081         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing, sperc, sperc_missing;
1082         struct split split;
1083
1084         memset(&split, 0, sizeof(split));
1085
1086         if (split_parse_ddir(o, &split, str, absolute, ZONESPLIT_MAX))
1087                 return 1;
1088         if (!split.nr)
1089                 return 0;
1090
1091         o->zone_split[ddir] = malloc(split.nr * sizeof(struct zone_split));
1092         o->zone_split_nr[ddir] = split.nr;
1093         for (i = 0; i < split.nr; i++) {
1094                 o->zone_split[ddir][i].access_perc = split.val1[i];
1095                 if (absolute)
1096                         o->zone_split[ddir][i].size = split.val2[i];
1097                 else
1098                         o->zone_split[ddir][i].size_perc = split.val2[i];
1099         }
1100
1101         /*
1102          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
1103          */
1104         perc = perc_missing = 0;
1105         sperc = sperc_missing = 0;
1106         for (i = 0; i < o->zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
1107                 struct zone_split *zsp = &o->zone_split[ddir][i];
1108
1109                 if (zsp->access_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
1110                         perc_missing++;
1111                 else
1112                         perc += zsp->access_perc;
1113
1114                 if (!absolute) {
1115                         if (zsp->size_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
1116                                 sperc_missing++;
1117                         else
1118                                 sperc += zsp->size_perc;
1119                 }
1120         }
1121
1122         if (perc > 100 || sperc > 100) {
1123                 log_err("fio: zone_split percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
1124                 free(o->zone_split[ddir]);
1125                 o->zone_split[ddir] = NULL;
1126                 return 1;
1127         }
1128         if (perc < 100) {
1129                 log_err("fio: access percentage don't add up to 100 for zoned "
1130                         "random distribution (got=%u)\n", perc);
1131                 free(o->zone_split[ddir]);
1132                 o->zone_split[ddir] = NULL;
1133                 return 1;
1134         }
1135
1136         /*
1137          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
1138          * them.
1139          */
1140         if (perc_missing) {
1141                 if (perc_missing == 1 && o->zone_split_nr[ddir] == 1)
1142                         perc = 100;
1143                 for (i = 0; i < o->zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
1144                         struct zone_split *zsp = &o->zone_split[ddir][i];
1145
1146                         if (zsp->access_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
1147                                 zsp->access_perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
1148                 }
1149         }
1150         if (sperc_missing) {
1151                 if (sperc_missing == 1 && o->zone_split_nr[ddir] == 1)
1152                         sperc = 100;
1153                 for (i = 0; i < o->zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
1154                         struct zone_split *zsp = &o->zone_split[ddir][i];
1155
1156                         if (zsp->size_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
1157                                 zsp->size_perc = (100 - sperc) / sperc_missing;
1158                 }
1159         }
1160
1161         return 0;
1162 }
1163
1164 static int parse_zoned_distribution(struct thread_data *td, const char *input,
1165                                     bool absolute)
1166 {
1167         const char *pre = absolute ? "zoned_abs:" : "zoned:";
1168         char *str, *p;
1169         int i, ret = 0;
1170
1171         p = str = strdup(input);
1172
1173         strip_blank_front(&str);
1174         strip_blank_end(str);
1175
1176         /* We expect it to start like that, bail if not */
1177         if (strncmp(str, pre, strlen(pre))) {
1178                 log_err("fio: mismatch in zoned input <%s>\n", str);
1179                 free(p);
1180                 return 1;
1181         }
1182         str += strlen(pre);
1183
1184         ret = str_split_parse(td, str, zone_split_ddir, NULL, absolute);
1185
1186         free(p);
1187
1188         for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
1189                 int j;
1190
1191                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "zone ddir %d (nr=%u): \n", i, td->o.zone_split_nr[i]);
1192
1193                 for (j = 0; j < td->o.zone_split_nr[i]; j++) {
1194                         struct zone_split *zsp = &td->o.zone_split[i][j];
1195
1196                         if (absolute) {
1197                                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "\t%d: %u/%llu\n", j,
1198                                                 zsp->access_perc,
1199                                                 (unsigned long long) zsp->size);
1200                         } else {
1201                                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "\t%d: %u/%u\n", j,
1202                                                 zsp->access_perc,
1203                                                 zsp->size_perc);
1204                         }
1205                 }
1206         }
1207
1208         if (parse_dryrun()) {
1209                 for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
1210                         free(td->o.zone_split[i]);
1211                         td->o.zone_split[i] = NULL;
1212                         td->o.zone_split_nr[i] = 0;
1213                 }
1214
1215                 return ret;
1216         }
1217
1218         if (ret) {
1219                 for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++)
1220                         td->o.zone_split_nr[i] = 0;
1221         }
1222
1223         return ret;
1224 }
1225
1226 static int str_random_distribution_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1227 {
1228         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1229         double val;
1230         double center = -1;
1231         char *nr;
1232
1233         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF)
1234                 val = FIO_DEF_ZIPF;
1235         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO)
1236                 val = FIO_DEF_PARETO;
1237         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_GAUSS)
1238                 val = 0.0;
1239         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZONED)
1240                 return parse_zoned_distribution(td, str, false);
1241         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZONED_ABS)
1242                 return parse_zoned_distribution(td, str, true);
1243         else
1244                 return 0;
1245
1246         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
1247         if (nr && !split_parse_distr(nr, &val, &center)) {
1248                 log_err("fio: random postfix parsing failed\n");
1249                 free(nr);
1250                 return 1;
1251         }
1252
1253         free(nr);
1254
1255         if (center != -1 && (center < 0.00 || center > 1.00)) {
1256                 log_err("fio: distribution center out of range (0 <= center <= 1.0)\n");
1257                 return 1;
1258         }
1259         td->o.random_center.u.f = center;
1260
1261         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF) {
1262                 if (val == 1.00) {
1263                         log_err("fio: zipf theta must different than 1.0\n");
1264                         return 1;
1265                 }
1266                 if (parse_dryrun())
1267                         return 0;
1268                 td->o.zipf_theta.u.f = val;
1269         } else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO) {
1270                 if (val <= 0.00 || val >= 1.00) {
1271                         log_err("fio: pareto input out of range (0 < input < 1.0)\n");
1272                         return 1;
1273                 }
1274                 if (parse_dryrun())
1275                         return 0;
1276                 td->o.pareto_h.u.f = val;
1277         } else {
1278                 if (val < 0.00 || val >= 100.0) {
1279                         log_err("fio: normal deviation out of range (0 <= input < 100.0)\n");
1280                         return 1;
1281                 }
1282                 if (parse_dryrun())
1283                         return 0;
1284                 td->o.gauss_dev.u.f = val;
1285         }
1286
1287         return 0;
1288 }
1289
1290 static int str_steadystate_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1291 {
1292         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1293         double val;
1294         char *nr;
1295         char *pct;
1296         long long ll;
1297
1298         if (td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_IOPS && td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_IOPS_SLOPE &&
1299             td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_BW && td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_BW_SLOPE) {
1300                 /* should be impossible to get here */
1301                 log_err("fio: unknown steady state criterion\n");
1302                 return 1;
1303         }
1304
1305         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
1306         if (!nr) {
1307                 log_err("fio: steadystate threshold must be specified in addition to criterion\n");
1308                 free(nr);
1309                 return 1;
1310         }
1311
1312         /* ENHANCEMENT Allow fio to understand size=10.2% and use here */
1313         pct = strstr(nr, "%");
1314         if (pct) {
1315                 *pct = '\0';
1316                 strip_blank_end(nr);
1317                 if (!str_to_float(nr, &val, 0)) {
1318                         log_err("fio: could not parse steadystate threshold percentage\n");
1319                         free(nr);
1320                         return 1;
1321                 }
1322
1323                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "set steady state threshold to %f%%\n", val);
1324                 free(nr);
1325                 if (parse_dryrun())
1326                         return 0;
1327
1328                 td->o.ss_state |= FIO_SS_PCT;
1329                 td->o.ss_limit.u.f = val;
1330         } else if (td->o.ss_state & FIO_SS_IOPS) {
1331                 if (!str_to_float(nr, &val, 0)) {
1332                         log_err("fio: steadystate IOPS threshold postfix parsing failed\n");
1333                         free(nr);
1334                         return 1;
1335                 }
1336
1337                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "set steady state IOPS threshold to %f\n", val);
1338                 free(nr);
1339                 if (parse_dryrun())
1340                         return 0;
1341
1342                 td->o.ss_limit.u.f = val;
1343         } else {        /* bandwidth criterion */
1344                 if (str_to_decimal(nr, &ll, 1, td, 0, 0)) {
1345                         log_err("fio: steadystate BW threshold postfix parsing failed\n");
1346                         free(nr);
1347                         return 1;
1348                 }
1349
1350                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "set steady state BW threshold to %lld\n", ll);
1351                 free(nr);
1352                 if (parse_dryrun())
1353                         return 0;
1354
1355                 td->o.ss_limit.u.f = (double) ll;
1356         }
1357
1358         td->ss.state = td->o.ss_state;
1359         return 0;
1360 }
1361
1362 /*
1363  * Return next name in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
1364  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
1365  * indicate a new file.
1366  */
1367 char *get_next_str(char **ptr)
1368 {
1369         char *str = *ptr;
1370         char *p, *start;
1371
1372         if (!str || !strlen(str))
1373                 return NULL;
1374
1375         start = str;
1376         do {
1377                 /*
1378                  * No colon, we are done
1379                  */
1380                 p = strchr(str, ':');
1381                 if (!p) {
1382                         *ptr = NULL;
1383                         break;
1384                 }
1385
1386                 /*
1387                  * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
1388                  * continue
1389                  */
1390                 if (p == start) {
1391                         str = ++start;
1392                         continue;
1393                 }
1394
1395                 if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
1396                         *p = '\0';
1397                         *ptr = p + 1;
1398                         break;
1399                 }
1400
1401                 memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
1402                 str = p;
1403         } while (1);
1404
1405         return start;
1406 }
1407
1408
1409 int get_max_str_idx(char *input)
1410 {
1411         unsigned int cur_idx;
1412         char *str, *p;
1413
1414         p = str = strdup(input);
1415         for (cur_idx = 0; ; cur_idx++)
1416                 if (get_next_str(&str) == NULL)
1417                         break;
1418
1419         free(p);
1420         return cur_idx;
1421 }
1422
1423 /*
1424  * Returns the directory at the index, indexes > entries will be
1425  * assigned via modulo division of the index
1426  */
1427 int set_name_idx(char *target, size_t tlen, char *input, int index,
1428                  bool unique_filename)
1429 {
1430         unsigned int cur_idx;
1431         int len;
1432         char *fname, *str, *p;
1433
1434         p = str = strdup(input);
1435
1436         index %= get_max_str_idx(input);
1437         for (cur_idx = 0; cur_idx <= index; cur_idx++)
1438                 fname = get_next_str(&str);
1439
1440         if (client_sockaddr_str[0] && unique_filename) {
1441                 len = snprintf(target, tlen, "%s/%s.", fname,
1442                                 client_sockaddr_str);
1443         } else
1444                 len = snprintf(target, tlen, "%s%c", fname,
1445                                 FIO_OS_PATH_SEPARATOR);
1446
1447         target[tlen - 1] = '\0';
1448         free(p);
1449
1450         return len;
1451 }
1452
1453 char* get_name_by_idx(char *input, int index)
1454 {
1455         unsigned int cur_idx;
1456         char *fname, *str, *p;
1457
1458         p = str = strdup(input);
1459
1460         index %= get_max_str_idx(input);
1461         for (cur_idx = 0; cur_idx <= index; cur_idx++)
1462                 fname = get_next_str(&str);
1463
1464         fname = strdup(fname);
1465         free(p);
1466
1467         return fname;
1468 }
1469
1470 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1471 {
1472         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1473         char *fname, *str, *p;
1474
1475         p = str = strdup(input);
1476
1477         strip_blank_front(&str);
1478         strip_blank_end(str);
1479
1480         /*
1481          * Ignore what we may already have from nrfiles option.
1482          */
1483         if (!td->files_index)
1484                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
1485
1486         while ((fname = get_next_str(&str)) != NULL) {
1487                 if (!strlen(fname))
1488                         break;
1489                 add_file(td, fname, 0, 1);
1490         }
1491
1492         free(p);
1493         return 0;
1494 }
1495
1496 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *unused)
1497 {
1498         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1499         struct stat sb;
1500         char *dirname, *str, *p;
1501         int ret = 0;
1502
1503         if (parse_dryrun())
1504                 return 0;
1505
1506         p = str = strdup(td->o.directory);
1507         while ((dirname = get_next_str(&str)) != NULL) {
1508                 if (lstat(dirname, &sb) < 0) {
1509                         ret = errno;
1510
1511                         log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dirname);
1512                         td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
1513                         goto out;
1514                 }
1515                 if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
1516                         log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dirname);
1517                         ret = 1;
1518                         goto out;
1519                 }
1520         }
1521
1522 out:
1523         free(p);
1524         return ret;
1525 }
1526
1527 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
1528 {
1529         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1530
1531         if (parse_dryrun())
1532                 return 0;
1533
1534         if (!td->files_index)
1535                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
1536
1537         return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
1538 }
1539
1540 static int str_buffer_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1541 {
1542         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1543         int ret;
1544
1545         /* FIXME: for now buffer pattern does not support formats */
1546         ret = parse_and_fill_pattern_alloc(input, strlen(input),
1547                                 &td->o.buffer_pattern, NULL, NULL, NULL);
1548         if (ret < 0)
1549                 return 1;
1550
1551         assert(ret != 0);
1552         td->o.buffer_pattern_bytes = ret;
1553
1554         /*
1555          * If this job is doing any reading or has compression set,
1556          * ensure that we refill buffers for writes or we could be
1557          * invalidating the pattern through reads.
1558          */
1559         if (!td->o.compress_percentage && !td_read(td))
1560                 td->o.refill_buffers = 0;
1561         else
1562                 td->o.refill_buffers = 1;
1563
1564         td->o.scramble_buffers = 0;
1565         td->o.zero_buffers = 0;
1566
1567         return 0;
1568 }
1569
1570 static int str_buffer_compress_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *il)
1571 {
1572         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1573
1574         td->flags |= TD_F_COMPRESS;
1575         td->o.compress_percentage = *il;
1576         return 0;
1577 }
1578
1579 static int str_dedupe_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *il)
1580 {
1581         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1582
1583         td->flags |= TD_F_COMPRESS;
1584         td->o.dedupe_percentage = *il;
1585         td->o.refill_buffers = 1;
1586         return 0;
1587 }
1588
1589 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1590 {
1591         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1592         int ret;
1593
1594         td->o.verify_fmt_sz = FIO_ARRAY_SIZE(td->o.verify_fmt);
1595         ret = parse_and_fill_pattern_alloc(input, strlen(input),
1596                         &td->o.verify_pattern, fmt_desc, td->o.verify_fmt,
1597                         &td->o.verify_fmt_sz);
1598         if (ret < 0)
1599                 return 1;
1600
1601         assert(ret != 0);
1602         td->o.verify_pattern_bytes = ret;
1603         /*
1604          * VERIFY_* could already be set
1605          */
1606         if (!fio_option_is_set(&td->o, verify))
1607                 td->o.verify = VERIFY_PATTERN;
1608
1609         return 0;
1610 }
1611
1612 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
1613 {
1614         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1615         int val = *il;
1616
1617         /*
1618          * Only modify options if gtod_reduce==1
1619          * Otherwise leave settings alone.
1620          */
1621         if (val) {
1622                 td->o.disable_lat = 1;
1623                 td->o.disable_clat = 1;
1624                 td->o.disable_slat = 1;
1625                 td->o.disable_bw = 1;
1626                 td->o.clat_percentiles = 0;
1627                 td->o.lat_percentiles = 0;
1628                 td->o.slat_percentiles = 0;
1629                 td->ts_cache_mask = 63;
1630         }
1631
1632         return 0;
1633 }
1634
1635 static int str_offset_cb(void *data, long long *__val)
1636 {
1637         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1638         unsigned long long v = *__val;
1639
1640         if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
1641                 td->o.start_offset = 0;
1642                 td->o.start_offset_percent = -1ULL - v;
1643                 td->o.start_offset_nz = 0;
1644                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "SET start_offset_percent %d\n",
1645                                         td->o.start_offset_percent);
1646         } else if (parse_is_zone(v)) {
1647                 td->o.start_offset = 0;
1648                 td->o.start_offset_percent = 0;
1649                 td->o.start_offset_nz = v - ZONE_BASE_VAL;
1650         } else
1651                 td->o.start_offset = v;
1652
1653         return 0;
1654 }
1655
1656 static int str_offset_increment_cb(void *data, long long *__val)
1657 {
1658         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1659         unsigned long long v = *__val;
1660
1661         if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
1662                 td->o.offset_increment = 0;
1663                 td->o.offset_increment_percent = -1ULL - v;
1664                 td->o.offset_increment_nz = 0;
1665                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "SET offset_increment_percent %d\n",
1666                                         td->o.offset_increment_percent);
1667         } else if (parse_is_zone(v)) {
1668                 td->o.offset_increment = 0;
1669                 td->o.offset_increment_percent = 0;
1670                 td->o.offset_increment_nz = v - ZONE_BASE_VAL;
1671         } else
1672                 td->o.offset_increment = v;
1673
1674         return 0;
1675 }
1676
1677 static int str_size_cb(void *data, long long *__val)
1678 {
1679         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1680         unsigned long long v = *__val;
1681
1682         if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
1683                 td->o.size = 0;
1684                 td->o.size_percent = -1ULL - v;
1685                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "SET size_percent %d\n",
1686                                         td->o.size_percent);
1687         } else if (parse_is_zone(v)) {
1688                 td->o.size = 0;
1689                 td->o.size_percent = 0;
1690                 td->o.size_nz = v - ZONE_BASE_VAL;
1691         } else
1692                 td->o.size = v;
1693
1694         return 0;
1695 }
1696
1697 static int str_io_size_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *__val)
1698 {
1699         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1700         unsigned long long v = *__val;
1701
1702         if (parse_is_percent_uncapped(v)) {
1703                 td->o.io_size = 0;
1704                 td->o.io_size_percent = -1ULL - v;
1705                 if (td->o.io_size_percent > 100) {
1706                         log_err("fio: io_size values greater than 100%% aren't supported\n");
1707                         return 1;
1708                 }
1709                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "SET io_size_percent %d\n",
1710                                         td->o.io_size_percent);
1711         } else if (parse_is_zone(v)) {
1712                 td->o.io_size = 0;
1713                 td->o.io_size_percent = 0;
1714                 td->o.io_size_nz = v - ZONE_BASE_VAL;
1715         } else
1716                 td->o.io_size = v;
1717
1718         return 0;
1719 }
1720
1721 static int str_zoneskip_cb(void *data, long long *__val)
1722 {
1723         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1724         unsigned long long v = *__val;
1725
1726         if (parse_is_zone(v)) {
1727                 td->o.zone_skip = 0;
1728                 td->o.zone_skip_nz = v - ZONE_BASE_VAL;
1729         } else
1730                 td->o.zone_skip = v;
1731
1732         return 0;
1733 }
1734
1735 static int str_write_bw_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1736 {
1737         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1738
1739         if (str)
1740                 td->o.bw_log_file = strdup(str);
1741
1742         td->o.write_bw_log = 1;
1743         return 0;
1744 }
1745
1746 static int str_write_lat_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1747 {
1748         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1749
1750         if (str)
1751                 td->o.lat_log_file = strdup(str);
1752
1753         td->o.write_lat_log = 1;
1754         return 0;
1755 }
1756
1757 static int str_write_iops_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1758 {
1759         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1760
1761         if (str)
1762                 td->o.iops_log_file = strdup(str);
1763
1764         td->o.write_iops_log = 1;
1765         return 0;
1766 }
1767
1768 static int str_write_hist_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1769 {
1770         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1771
1772         if (str)
1773                 td->o.hist_log_file = strdup(str);
1774
1775         td->o.write_hist_log = 1;
1776         return 0;
1777 }
1778
1779 /*
1780  * str is supposed to be a substring of the strdup'd original string,
1781  * and is valid only if it's a regular file path.
1782  * This function keeps the pointer to the path as needed later.
1783  *
1784  * "external:/path/to/so\0" <- original pointer updated with strdup'd
1785  * "external\0"             <- above pointer after parsed, i.e. ->ioengine
1786  *          "/path/to/so\0" <- str argument, i.e. ->ioengine_so_path
1787  */
1788 static int str_ioengine_external_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1789 {
1790         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1791         struct stat sb;
1792         char *p;
1793
1794         if (!str) {
1795                 log_err("fio: null external ioengine path\n");
1796                 return 1;
1797         }
1798
1799         p = (char *)str; /* str is mutable */
1800         strip_blank_front(&p);
1801         strip_blank_end(p);
1802
1803         if (stat(p, &sb) || !S_ISREG(sb.st_mode)) {
1804                 log_err("fio: invalid external ioengine path \"%s\"\n", p);
1805                 return 1;
1806         }
1807
1808         td->o.ioengine_so_path = p;
1809         return 0;
1810 }
1811
1812 static int rw_verify(const struct fio_option *o, void *data)
1813 {
1814         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1815
1816         if (read_only && (td_write(td) || td_trim(td))) {
1817                 log_err("fio: job <%s> has write or trim bit set, but"
1818                         " fio is in read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
1819                 return 1;
1820         }
1821
1822         return 0;
1823 }
1824
1825 static int gtod_cpu_verify(const struct fio_option *o, void *data)
1826 {
1827 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1828         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1829
1830         if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
1831                 log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
1832                         "gettimeofday() offloading\n");
1833                 return 1;
1834         }
1835 #endif
1836
1837         return 0;
1838 }
1839
1840 /*
1841  * Map of job/command line options
1842  */
1843 struct fio_option fio_options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
1844         {
1845                 .name   = "description",
1846                 .lname  = "Description of job",
1847                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1848                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, description),
1849                 .help   = "Text job description",
1850                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1851                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1852         },
1853         {
1854                 .name   = "name",
1855                 .lname  = "Job name",
1856                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1857                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, name),
1858                 .help   = "Name of this job",
1859                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1860                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1861         },
1862         {
1863                 .name   = "wait_for",
1864                 .lname  = "Waitee name",
1865                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1866                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, wait_for),
1867                 .help   = "Name of the job this one wants to wait for before starting",
1868                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1869                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1870         },
1871         {
1872                 .name   = "filename",
1873                 .lname  = "Filename(s)",
1874                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1875                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, filename),
1876                 .maxlen = PATH_MAX,
1877                 .cb     = str_filename_cb,
1878                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1879                 .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
1880                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1881                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1882         },
1883         {
1884                 .name   = "directory",
1885                 .lname  = "Directory",
1886                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1887                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, directory),
1888                 .cb     = str_directory_cb,
1889                 .help   = "Directory to store files in",
1890                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1891                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1892         },
1893         {
1894                 .name   = "filename_format",
1895                 .lname  = "Filename Format",
1896                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1897                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, filename_format),
1898                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1899                 .help   = "Override default $jobname.$jobnum.$filenum naming",
1900                 .def    = "$jobname.$jobnum.$filenum",
1901                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1902                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1903         },
1904         {
1905                 .name   = "unique_filename",
1906                 .lname  = "Unique Filename",
1907                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1908                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, unique_filename),
1909                 .help   = "For network clients, prefix file with source IP",
1910                 .def    = "1",
1911                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1912                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1913         },
1914         {
1915                 .name   = "lockfile",
1916                 .lname  = "Lockfile",
1917                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1918                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, file_lock_mode),
1919                 .help   = "Lock file when doing IO to it",
1920                 .prio   = 1,
1921                 .parent = "filename",
1922                 .hide   = 0,
1923                 .def    = "none",
1924                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1925                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1926                 .posval = {
1927                           { .ival = "none",
1928                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
1929                             .help = "No file locking",
1930                           },
1931                           { .ival = "exclusive",
1932                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
1933                             .help = "Exclusive file lock",
1934                           },
1935                           {
1936                             .ival = "readwrite",
1937                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
1938                             .help = "Read vs write lock",
1939                           },
1940                 },
1941         },
1942         {
1943                 .name   = "opendir",
1944                 .lname  = "Open directory",
1945                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1946                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, opendir),
1947                 .cb     = str_opendir_cb,
1948                 .help   = "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
1949                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1950                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1951         },
1952         {
1953                 .name   = "rw",
1954                 .lname  = "Read/write",
1955                 .alias  = "readwrite",
1956                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1957                 .cb     = str_rw_cb,
1958                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, td_ddir),
1959                 .help   = "IO direction",
1960                 .def    = "read",
1961                 .verify = rw_verify,
1962                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1963                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1964                 .posval = {
1965                           { .ival = "read",
1966                             .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
1967                             .help = "Sequential read",
1968                           },
1969                           { .ival = "write",
1970                             .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
1971                             .help = "Sequential write",
1972                           },
1973                           { .ival = "trim",
1974                             .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIM,
1975                             .help = "Sequential trim",
1976                           },
1977                           { .ival = "randread",
1978                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
1979                             .help = "Random read",
1980                           },
1981                           { .ival = "randwrite",
1982                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
1983                             .help = "Random write",
1984                           },
1985                           { .ival = "randtrim",
1986                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDTRIM,
1987                             .help = "Random trim",
1988                           },
1989                           { .ival = "rw",
1990                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1991                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1992                           },
1993                           { .ival = "readwrite",
1994                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1995                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1996                           },
1997                           { .ival = "randrw",
1998                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
1999                             .help = "Random read and write mix"
2000                           },
2001                           { .ival = "trimwrite",
2002                             .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIMWRITE,
2003                             .help = "Trim and write mix, trims preceding writes"
2004                           },
2005                           { .ival = "randtrimwrite",
2006                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDTRIMWRITE,
2007                             .help = "Randomly trim and write mix, trims preceding writes"
2008                           },
2009                 },
2010         },
2011         {
2012                 .name   = "rw_sequencer",
2013                 .lname  = "RW Sequencer",
2014                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2015                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rw_seq),
2016                 .help   = "IO offset generator modifier",
2017                 .def    = "sequential",
2018                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2019                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
2020                 .posval = {
2021                           { .ival = "sequential",
2022                             .oval = RW_SEQ_SEQ,
2023                             .help = "Generate sequential offsets",
2024                           },
2025                           { .ival = "identical",
2026                             .oval = RW_SEQ_IDENT,
2027                             .help = "Generate identical offsets",
2028                           },
2029                 },
2030         },
2031
2032         {
2033                 .name   = "ioengine",
2034                 .lname  = "IO Engine",
2035                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2036                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ioengine),
2037                 .help   = "IO engine to use",
2038                 .def    = FIO_PREFERRED_ENGINE,
2039                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2040                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
2041                 .posval = {
2042                           { .ival = "sync",
2043                             .help = "Use read/write",
2044                           },
2045                           { .ival = "psync",
2046                             .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
2047                           },
2048                           { .ival = "vsync",
2049                             .help = "Use readv/writev",
2050                           },
2051 #ifdef CONFIG_PWRITEV
2052                           { .ival = "pvsync",
2053                             .help = "Use preadv/pwritev",
2054                           },
2055 #endif
2056 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_PWRITEV2
2057                           { .ival = "pvsync2",
2058                             .help = "Use preadv2/pwritev2",
2059                           },
2060 #endif
2061 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBAIO
2062                           { .ival = "libaio",
2063                             .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
2064                           },
2065 #endif
2066 #ifdef ARCH_HAVE_IOURING
2067                           { .ival = "io_uring",
2068                             .help = "Fast Linux native aio",
2069                           },
2070 #endif
2071 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIXAIO
2072                           { .ival = "posixaio",
2073                             .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
2074                           },
2075 #endif
2076 #ifdef CONFIG_SOLARISAIO
2077                           { .ival = "solarisaio",
2078                             .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
2079                           },
2080 #endif
2081 #ifdef CONFIG_WINDOWSAIO
2082                           { .ival = "windowsaio",
2083                             .help = "Windows native asynchronous IO"
2084                           },
2085 #endif
2086 #ifdef CONFIG_RBD
2087                           { .ival = "rbd",
2088                             .help = "Rados Block Device asynchronous IO"
2089                           },
2090 #endif
2091                           { .ival = "mmap",
2092                             .help = "Memory mapped IO"
2093                           },
2094 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_SPLICE
2095                           { .ival = "splice",
2096                             .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
2097                           },
2098                           { .ival = "netsplice",
2099                             .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
2100                           },
2101 #endif
2102 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
2103                           { .ival = "sg",
2104                             .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
2105                           },
2106 #endif
2107                           { .ival = "null",
2108                             .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
2109                           },
2110                           { .ival = "net",
2111                             .help = "Network IO",
2112                           },
2113                           { .ival = "cpuio",
2114                             .help = "CPU cycle burner engine",
2115                           },
2116 #ifdef CONFIG_RDMA
2117                           { .ival = "rdma",
2118                             .help = "RDMA IO engine",
2119                           },
2120 #endif
2121 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBRPMA_APM
2122                           { .ival = "librpma_apm",
2123                             .help = "librpma IO engine in APM mode",
2124                           },
2125 #endif
2126 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBRPMA_GPSPM
2127                           { .ival = "librpma_gpspm",
2128                             .help = "librpma IO engine in GPSPM mode",
2129                           },
2130 #endif
2131 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_EXT4_MOVE_EXTENT
2132                           { .ival = "e4defrag",
2133                             .help = "ext4 defrag engine",
2134                           },
2135 #endif
2136 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
2137                           { .ival = "falloc",
2138                             .help = "fallocate() file based engine",
2139                           },
2140 #endif
2141 #ifdef CONFIG_GFAPI
2142                           { .ival = "gfapi",
2143                             .help = "Glusterfs libgfapi(sync) based engine"
2144                           },
2145                           { .ival = "gfapi_async",
2146                             .help = "Glusterfs libgfapi(async) based engine"
2147                           },
2148 #endif
2149 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBHDFS
2150                           { .ival = "libhdfs",
2151                             .help = "Hadoop Distributed Filesystem (HDFS) engine"
2152                           },
2153 #endif
2154 #ifdef CONFIG_IME
2155                           { .ival = "ime_psync",
2156                             .help = "DDN's IME synchronous IO engine",
2157                           },
2158                           { .ival = "ime_psyncv",
2159                             .help = "DDN's IME synchronous IO engine using iovecs",
2160                           },
2161                           { .ival = "ime_aio",
2162                             .help = "DDN's IME asynchronous IO engine",
2163                           },
2164 #endif
2165 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_DEVDAX
2166                           { .ival = "dev-dax",
2167                             .help = "DAX Device based IO engine",
2168                           },
2169 #endif
2170                           {
2171                             .ival = "filecreate",
2172                             .help = "File creation engine",
2173                           },
2174                           { .ival = "external",
2175                             .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
2176                             .cb = str_ioengine_external_cb,
2177                           },
2178 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBPMEM
2179                           { .ival = "libpmem",
2180                             .help = "PMDK libpmem based IO engine",
2181                           },
2182 #endif
2183 #ifdef CONFIG_HTTP
2184                           { .ival = "http",
2185                             .help = "HTTP (WebDAV/S3) IO engine",
2186                           },
2187 #endif
2188                           { .ival = "nbd",
2189                             .help = "Network Block Device (NBD) IO engine"
2190                           },
2191 #ifdef CONFIG_DFS
2192                           { .ival = "dfs",
2193                             .help = "DAOS File System (dfs) IO engine",
2194                           },
2195 #endif
2196 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNFS
2197                           { .ival = "nfs",
2198                             .help = "NFS IO engine",
2199                           },
2200 #endif
2201 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBXNVME
2202                           { .ival = "xnvme",
2203                             .help = "XNVME IO engine",
2204                           },
2205 #endif
2206                 },
2207         },
2208         {
2209                 .name   = "iodepth",
2210                 .lname  = "IO Depth",
2211                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2212                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth),
2213                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to keep in flight",
2214                 .minval = 1,
2215                 .interval = 1,
2216                 .def    = "1",
2217                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2218                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
2219         },
2220         {
2221                 .name   = "iodepth_batch",
2222                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch",
2223                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_submit",
2224                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2225                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_batch),
2226                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
2227                 .parent = "iodepth",
2228                 .hide   = 1,
2229                 .interval = 1,
2230                 .def    = "1",
2231                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2232                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
2233         },
2234         {
2235                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete_min",
2236                 .lname  = "Min IO depth batch complete",
2237                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_complete",
2238                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2239                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_batch_complete_min),
2240                 .help   = "Min number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
2241                 .parent = "iodepth",
2242                 .hide   = 1,
2243                 .minval = 0,
2244                 .interval = 1,
2245                 .def    = "1",
2246                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2247                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
2248         },
2249         {
2250                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete_max",
2251                 .lname  = "Max IO depth batch complete",
2252                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2253                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_batch_complete_max),
2254                 .help   = "Max number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
2255                 .parent = "iodepth",
2256                 .hide   = 1,
2257                 .minval = 0,
2258                 .interval = 1,
2259                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2260                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
2261         },
2262         {
2263                 .name   = "iodepth_low",
2264                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch low",
2265                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2266                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_low),
2267                 .help   = "Low water mark for queuing depth",
2268                 .parent = "iodepth",
2269                 .hide   = 1,
2270                 .interval = 1,
2271                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2272                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
2273         },
2274         {
2275                 .name   = "serialize_overlap",
2276                 .lname  = "Serialize overlap",
2277                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, serialize_overlap),
2278                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2279                 .help   = "Wait for in-flight IOs that collide to complete",
2280                 .parent = "iodepth",
2281                 .def    = "0",
2282                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2283                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
2284         },
2285         {
2286                 .name   = "io_submit_mode",
2287                 .lname  = "IO submit mode",
2288                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2289                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, io_submit_mode),
2290                 .help   = "How IO submissions and completions are done",
2291                 .def    = "inline",
2292                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2293                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
2294                 .posval = {
2295                           { .ival = "inline",
2296                             .oval = IO_MODE_INLINE,
2297                             .help = "Submit and complete IO inline",
2298                           },
2299                           { .ival = "offload",
2300                             .oval = IO_MODE_OFFLOAD,
2301                             .help = "Offload submit and complete to threads",
2302                           },
2303                 },
2304         },
2305         {
2306                 .name   = "size",
2307                 .lname  = "Size",
2308                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_ZONE,
2309                 .cb     = str_size_cb,
2310                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, size),
2311                 .help   = "Total size of device or files",
2312                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2313                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2314         },
2315         {
2316                 .name   = "io_size",
2317                 .alias  = "io_limit",
2318                 .lname  = "IO Size",
2319                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_ZONE,
2320                 .cb     = str_io_size_cb,
2321                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, io_size),
2322                 .help   = "Total size of I/O to be performed",
2323                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2324                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2325         },
2326         {
2327                 .name   = "fill_device",
2328                 .lname  = "Fill device",
2329                 .alias  = "fill_fs",
2330                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2331                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fill_device),
2332                 .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
2333                 .def    = "0",
2334                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2335                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2336         },
2337         {
2338                 .name   = "filesize",
2339                 .lname  = "File size",
2340                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2341                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, file_size_low),
2342                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, file_size_high),
2343                 .minval = 1,
2344                 .help   = "Size of individual files",
2345                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2346                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2347                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2348         },
2349         {
2350                 .name   = "file_append",
2351                 .lname  = "File append",
2352                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2353                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, file_append),
2354                 .help   = "IO will start at the end of the file(s)",
2355                 .def    = "0",
2356                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2357                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2358         },
2359         {
2360                 .name   = "offset",
2361                 .lname  = "IO offset",
2362                 .alias  = "fileoffset",
2363                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_ZONE,
2364                 .cb     = str_offset_cb,
2365                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, start_offset),
2366                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset",
2367                 .def    = "0",
2368                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2369                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2370         },
2371         {
2372                 .name   = "offset_align",
2373                 .lname  = "IO offset alignment",
2374                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2375                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, start_offset_align),
2376                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset alignment",
2377                 .def    = "0",
2378                 .interval = 512,
2379                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2380                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2381         },
2382         {
2383                 .name   = "offset_increment",
2384                 .lname  = "IO offset increment",
2385                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_ZONE,
2386                 .cb     = str_offset_increment_cb,
2387                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, offset_increment),
2388                 .help   = "What is the increment from one offset to the next",
2389                 .parent = "offset",
2390                 .hide   = 1,
2391                 .def    = "0",
2392                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2393                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2394         },
2395         {
2396                 .name   = "number_ios",
2397                 .lname  = "Number of IOs to perform",
2398                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2399                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, number_ios),
2400                 .help   = "Force job completion after this number of IOs",
2401                 .def    = "0",
2402                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2403                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2404         },
2405         {
2406                 .name   = "num_range",
2407                 .lname  = "Number of ranges",
2408                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2409                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, num_range),
2410                 .maxval = MAX_TRIM_RANGE,
2411                 .help   = "Number of ranges for trim command",
2412                 .def    = "1",
2413                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2414                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2415         },
2416         {
2417                 .name   = "bs",
2418                 .lname  = "Block size",
2419                 .alias  = "blocksize",
2420                 .type   = FIO_OPT_ULL,
2421                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bs[DDIR_READ]),
2422                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
2423                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
2424                 .minval = 1,
2425                 .help   = "Block size unit",
2426                 .def    = "4096",
2427                 .parent = "rw",
2428                 .hide   = 1,
2429                 .interval = 512,
2430                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2431                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2432         },
2433         {
2434                 .name   = "ba",
2435                 .lname  = "Block size align",
2436                 .alias  = "blockalign",
2437                 .type   = FIO_OPT_ULL,
2438                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ba[DDIR_READ]),
2439                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
2440                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ba[DDIR_TRIM]),
2441                 .minval = 1,
2442                 .help   = "IO block offset alignment",
2443                 .parent = "rw",
2444                 .hide   = 1,
2445                 .interval = 512,
2446                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2447                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2448         },
2449         {
2450                 .name   = "bsrange",
2451                 .lname  = "Block size range",
2452                 .alias  = "blocksize_range",
2453                 .type   = FIO_OPT_RANGE,
2454                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
2455                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
2456                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
2457                 .off4   = offsetof(struct thread_options, max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
2458                 .off5   = offsetof(struct thread_options, min_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
2459                 .off6   = offsetof(struct thread_options, max_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
2460                 .minval = 1,
2461                 .help   = "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
2462                 .parent = "rw",
2463                 .hide   = 1,
2464                 .interval = 4096,
2465                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2466                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2467         },
2468         {
2469                 .name   = "bssplit",
2470                 .lname  = "Block size split",
2471                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_ULL,
2472                 .cb     = str_bssplit_cb,
2473                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bssplit),
2474                 .help   = "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
2475                 .parent = "rw",
2476                 .hide   = 1,
2477                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2478                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2479         },
2480         {
2481                 .name   = "bs_unaligned",
2482                 .lname  = "Block size unaligned",
2483                 .alias  = "blocksize_unaligned",
2484                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2485                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bs_unaligned),
2486                 .help   = "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
2487                 .parent = "rw",
2488                 .hide   = 1,
2489                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2490                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2491         },
2492         {
2493                 .name   = "bs_is_seq_rand",
2494                 .lname  = "Block size division is seq/random (not read/write)",
2495                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2496                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bs_is_seq_rand),
2497                 .help   = "Consider any blocksize setting to be sequential,random",
2498                 .def    = "0",
2499                 .parent = "blocksize",
2500                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2501                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2502         },
2503         {
2504                 .name   = "randrepeat",
2505                 .alias  = "allrandrepeat",
2506                 .lname  = "Random repeatable",
2507                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2508                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rand_repeatable),
2509                 .help   = "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
2510                 .def    = "1",
2511                 .parent = "rw",
2512                 .hide   = 1,
2513                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2514                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2515         },
2516         {
2517                 .name   = "randseed",
2518                 .lname  = "The random generator seed",
2519                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2520                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rand_seed),
2521                 .help   = "Set the random generator seed value",
2522                 .def    = "0x89",
2523                 .parent = "rw",
2524                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2525                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2526         },
2527         {
2528                 .name   = "norandommap",
2529                 .lname  = "No randommap",
2530                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2531                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, norandommap),
2532                 .help   = "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
2533                 .parent = "rw",
2534                 .hide   = 1,
2535                 .hide_on_set = 1,
2536                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2537                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2538         },
2539         {
2540                 .name   = "softrandommap",
2541                 .lname  = "Soft randommap",
2542                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2543                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, softrandommap),
2544                 .help   = "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
2545                 .parent = "norandommap",
2546                 .hide   = 1,
2547                 .def    = "0",
2548                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2549                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2550         },
2551         {
2552                 .name   = "random_generator",
2553                 .lname  = "Random Generator",
2554                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2555                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, random_generator),
2556                 .help   = "Type of random number generator to use",
2557                 .def    = "tausworthe",
2558                 .posval = {
2559                           { .ival = "tausworthe",
2560                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_TAUSWORTHE,
2561                             .help = "Strong Tausworthe generator",
2562                           },
2563                           { .ival = "lfsr",
2564                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_LFSR,
2565                             .help = "Variable length LFSR",
2566                           },
2567                           {
2568                             .ival = "tausworthe64",
2569                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_TAUSWORTHE64,
2570                             .help = "64-bit Tausworthe variant",
2571                           },
2572                 },
2573                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2574                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2575         },
2576         {
2577                 .name   = "random_distribution",
2578                 .lname  = "Random Distribution",
2579                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2580                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, random_distribution),
2581                 .cb     = str_random_distribution_cb,
2582                 .help   = "Random offset distribution generator",
2583                 .def    = "random",
2584                 .posval = {
2585                           { .ival = "random",
2586                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_RANDOM,
2587                             .help = "Completely random",
2588                           },
2589                           { .ival = "zipf",
2590                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF,
2591                             .help = "Zipf distribution",
2592                           },
2593                           { .ival = "pareto",
2594                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO,
2595                             .help = "Pareto distribution",
2596                           },
2597                           { .ival = "normal",
2598                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_GAUSS,
2599                             .help = "Normal (Gaussian) distribution",
2600                           },
2601                           { .ival = "zoned",
2602                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZONED,
2603                             .help = "Zoned random distribution",
2604                           },
2605                           { .ival = "zoned_abs",
2606                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZONED_ABS,
2607                             .help = "Zoned absolute random distribution",
2608                           },
2609                 },
2610                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2611                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2612         },
2613         {
2614                 .name   = "percentage_random",
2615                 .lname  = "Percentage Random",
2616                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2617                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, perc_rand[DDIR_READ]),
2618                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, perc_rand[DDIR_WRITE]),
2619                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, perc_rand[DDIR_TRIM]),
2620                 .maxval = 100,
2621                 .help   = "Percentage of seq/random mix that should be random",
2622                 .def    = "100,100,100",
2623                 .interval = 5,
2624                 .inverse = "percentage_sequential",
2625                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2626                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2627         },
2628         {
2629                 .name   = "percentage_sequential",
2630                 .lname  = "Percentage Sequential",
2631                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
2632                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2633                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2634         },
2635         {
2636                 .name   = "nrfiles",
2637                 .lname  = "Number of files",
2638                 .alias  = "nr_files",
2639                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2640                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, nr_files),
2641                 .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
2642                 .def    = "1",
2643                 .interval = 1,
2644                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2645                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2646         },
2647         {
2648                 .name   = "openfiles",
2649                 .lname  = "Number of open files",
2650                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2651                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, open_files),
2652                 .help   = "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
2653                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2654                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2655         },
2656         {
2657                 .name   = "file_service_type",
2658                 .lname  = "File service type",
2659                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2660                 .cb     = str_fst_cb,
2661                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, file_service_type),
2662                 .help   = "How to select which file to service next",
2663                 .def    = "roundrobin",
2664                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2665                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2666                 .posval = {
2667                           { .ival = "random",
2668                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
2669                             .help = "Choose a file at random (uniform)",
2670                           },
2671                           { .ival = "zipf",
2672                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_ZIPF,
2673                             .help = "Zipf randomized",
2674                           },
2675                           { .ival = "pareto",
2676                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_PARETO,
2677                             .help = "Pareto randomized",
2678                           },
2679                           { .ival = "normal",
2680                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS,
2681                             .help = "Normal (Gaussian) randomized",
2682                           },
2683                           { .ival = "gauss",
2684                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS,
2685                             .help = "Alias for normal",
2686                           },
2687                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
2688                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
2689                             .help = "Round robin select files",
2690                           },
2691                           { .ival = "sequential",
2692                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
2693                             .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
2694                           },
2695                 },
2696                 .parent = "nrfiles",
2697                 .hide   = 1,
2698         },
2699         {
2700                 .name   = "fallocate",
2701                 .lname  = "Fallocate",
2702                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2703                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fallocate_mode),
2704                 .help   = "Whether pre-allocation is performed when laying out files",
2705 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DEFAULT_FALLOCATE
2706                 .def    = "native",
2707 #else
2708                 .def    = "none",
2709 #endif
2710                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2711                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2712                 .posval = {
2713                           { .ival = "none",
2714                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
2715                             .help = "Do not pre-allocate space",
2716                           },
2717                           { .ival = "native",
2718                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NATIVE,
2719                             .help = "Use native pre-allocation if possible",
2720                           },
2721 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE
2722                           { .ival = "posix",
2723                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
2724                             .help = "Use posix_fallocate()",
2725                           },
2726 #endif
2727 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
2728                           { .ival = "keep",
2729                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_KEEP_SIZE,
2730                             .help = "Use fallocate(..., FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE, ...)",
2731                           },
2732 #endif
2733                           { .ival = "truncate",
2734                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_TRUNCATE,
2735                             .help = "Truncate file to final size instead of allocating"
2736                           },
2737                           /* Compatibility with former boolean values */
2738                           { .ival = "0",
2739                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
2740                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
2741                           },
2742 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE
2743                           { .ival = "1",
2744                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
2745                             .help = "Alias for 'posix'",
2746                           },
2747 #endif
2748                 },
2749         },
2750         {
2751                 .name   = "fadvise_hint",
2752                 .lname  = "Fadvise hint",
2753                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2754                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fadvise_hint),
2755                 .posval = {
2756                           { .ival = "0",
2757                             .oval = F_ADV_NONE,
2758                             .help = "Don't issue fadvise/madvise",
2759                           },
2760                           { .ival = "1",
2761                             .oval = F_ADV_TYPE,
2762                             .help = "Advise using fio IO pattern",
2763                           },
2764                           { .ival = "random",
2765                             .oval = F_ADV_RANDOM,
2766                             .help = "Advise using FADV_RANDOM",
2767                           },
2768                           { .ival = "sequential",
2769                             .oval = F_ADV_SEQUENTIAL,
2770                             .help = "Advise using FADV_SEQUENTIAL",
2771                           },
2772 #ifdef POSIX_FADV_NOREUSE
2773                           { .ival = "noreuse",
2774                             .oval = F_ADV_NOREUSE,
2775                             .help = "Advise using FADV_NOREUSE",
2776                           },
2777 #endif
2778                 },
2779                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
2780                 .def    = "1",
2781                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2782                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2783         },
2784         {
2785                 .name   = "fsync",
2786                 .lname  = "Fsync",
2787                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2788                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fsync_blocks),
2789                 .help   = "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
2790                 .def    = "0",
2791                 .interval = 1,
2792                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2793                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2794         },
2795         {
2796                 .name   = "fdatasync",
2797                 .lname  = "Fdatasync",
2798                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2799                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fdatasync_blocks),
2800                 .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
2801                 .def    = "0",
2802                 .interval = 1,
2803                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2804                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2805         },
2806         {
2807                 .name   = "write_barrier",
2808                 .lname  = "Write barrier",
2809                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2810                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, barrier_blocks),
2811                 .help   = "Make every Nth write a barrier write",
2812                 .def    = "0",
2813                 .interval = 1,
2814                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2815                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2816         },
2817 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
2818         {
2819                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
2820                 .lname  = "Sync file range",
2821                 .posval = {
2822                           { .ival = "wait_before",
2823                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
2824                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
2825                             .orval  = 1,
2826                           },
2827                           { .ival = "write",
2828                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
2829                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
2830                             .orval  = 1,
2831                           },
2832                           {
2833                             .ival = "wait_after",
2834                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
2835                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
2836                             .orval  = 1,
2837                           },
2838                 },
2839                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_MULTI,
2840                 .cb     = str_sfr_cb,
2841                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, sync_file_range),
2842                 .help   = "Use sync_file_range()",
2843                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2844                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2845         },
2846 #else
2847         {
2848                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
2849                 .lname  = "Sync file range",
2850                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2851                 .help   = "Your platform does not support sync_file_range",
2852         },
2853 #endif
2854         {
2855                 .name   = "direct",
2856                 .lname  = "Direct I/O",
2857                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2858                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, odirect),
2859                 .help   = "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
2860                 .def    = "0",
2861                 .inverse = "buffered",
2862                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2863                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2864         },
2865         {
2866                 .name   = "atomic",
2867                 .lname  = "Atomic I/O",
2868                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2869                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, oatomic),
2870                 .help   = "Use Atomic IO with O_DIRECT (implies O_DIRECT)",
2871                 .def    = "0",
2872                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2873                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2874         },
2875         {
2876                 .name   = "buffered",
2877                 .lname  = "Buffered I/O",
2878                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2879                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, odirect),
2880                 .neg    = 1,
2881                 .help   = "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
2882                 .def    = "1",
2883                 .inverse = "direct",
2884                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2885                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2886         },
2887         {
2888                 .name   = "overwrite",
2889                 .lname  = "Overwrite",
2890                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2891                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, overwrite),
2892                 .help   = "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
2893                 .def    = "0",
2894                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2895                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2896         },
2897         {
2898                 .name   = "loops",
2899                 .lname  = "Loops",
2900                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2901                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, loops),
2902                 .help   = "Number of times to run the job",
2903                 .def    = "1",
2904                 .interval = 1,
2905                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2906                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2907         },
2908         {
2909                 .name   = "numjobs",
2910                 .lname  = "Number of jobs",
2911                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2912                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, numjobs),
2913                 .help   = "Duplicate this job this many times",
2914                 .def    = "1",
2915                 .interval = 1,
2916                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2917                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2918         },
2919         {
2920                 .name   = "startdelay",
2921                 .lname  = "Start delay",
2922                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2923                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, start_delay),
2924                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, start_delay_high),
2925                 .help   = "Only start job when this period has passed",
2926                 .def    = "0",
2927                 .is_seconds = 1,
2928                 .is_time = 1,
2929                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2930                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2931         },
2932         {
2933                 .name   = "runtime",
2934                 .lname  = "Runtime",
2935                 .alias  = "timeout",
2936                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2937                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, timeout),
2938                 .help   = "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
2939                 .def    = "0",
2940                 .is_seconds = 1,
2941                 .is_time = 1,
2942                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2943                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2944         },
2945         {
2946                 .name   = "time_based",
2947                 .lname  = "Time based",
2948                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2949                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, time_based),
2950                 .help   = "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
2951                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2952                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2953         },
2954         {
2955                 .name   = "verify_only",
2956                 .lname  = "Verify only",
2957                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2958                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_only),
2959                 .help   = "Verifies previously written data is still valid",
2960                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2961                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2962         },
2963         {
2964                 .name   = "ramp_time",
2965                 .lname  = "Ramp time",
2966                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2967                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ramp_time),
2968                 .help   = "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
2969                 .is_seconds = 1,
2970                 .is_time = 1,
2971                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2972                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2973         },
2974         {
2975                 .name   = "clocksource",
2976                 .lname  = "Clock source",
2977                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2978                 .cb     = fio_clock_source_cb,
2979                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, clocksource),
2980                 .help   = "What type of timing source to use",
2981                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2982                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
2983                 .posval = {
2984 #ifdef CONFIG_GETTIMEOFDAY
2985                           { .ival = "gettimeofday",
2986                             .oval = CS_GTOD,
2987                             .help = "Use gettimeofday(2) for timing",
2988                           },
2989 #endif
2990 #ifdef CONFIG_CLOCK_GETTIME
2991                           { .ival = "clock_gettime",
2992                             .oval = CS_CGETTIME,
2993                             .help = "Use clock_gettime(2) for timing",
2994                           },
2995 #endif
2996 #ifdef ARCH_HAVE_CPU_CLOCK
2997                           { .ival = "cpu",
2998                             .oval = CS_CPUCLOCK,
2999                             .help = "Use CPU private clock",
3000                           },
3001 #endif
3002                 },
3003         },
3004         {
3005                 .name   = "mem",
3006                 .alias  = "iomem",
3007                 .lname  = "I/O Memory",
3008                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3009                 .cb     = str_mem_cb,
3010                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, mem_type),
3011                 .help   = "Backing type for IO buffers",
3012                 .def    = "malloc",
3013                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3014                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3015                 .posval = {
3016                           { .ival = "malloc",
3017                             .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
3018                             .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
3019                           },
3020 #ifndef CONFIG_NO_SHM
3021                           { .ival = "shm",
3022                             .oval = MEM_SHM,
3023                             .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
3024                           },
3025 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
3026                           { .ival = "shmhuge",
3027                             .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
3028                             .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
3029                           },
3030 #endif
3031 #endif
3032                           { .ival = "mmap",
3033                             .oval = MEM_MMAP,
3034                             .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
3035                           },
3036                           { .ival = "mmapshared",
3037                             .oval = MEM_MMAPSHARED,
3038                             .help = "Like mmap, but use the shared flag",
3039                           },
3040 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
3041                           { .ival = "mmaphuge",
3042                             .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
3043                             .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
3044                           },
3045 #endif
3046 #ifdef CONFIG_CUDA
3047                           { .ival = "cudamalloc",
3048                             .oval = MEM_CUDA_MALLOC,
3049                             .help = "Allocate GPU device memory for GPUDirect RDMA",
3050                           },
3051 #endif
3052                   },
3053         },
3054         {
3055                 .name   = "iomem_align",
3056                 .alias  = "mem_align",
3057                 .lname  = "I/O memory alignment",
3058                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3059                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, mem_align),
3060                 .minval = 0,
3061                 .help   = "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
3062                 .def    = "0",
3063                 .parent = "iomem",
3064                 .hide   = 1,
3065                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3066                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3067         },
3068         {
3069                 .name   = "verify",
3070                 .lname  = "Verify",
3071                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3072                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify),
3073                 .help   = "Verify data written",
3074                 .def    = "0",
3075                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3076                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3077                 .posval = {
3078                           { .ival = "0",
3079                             .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
3080                             .help = "Don't do IO verification",
3081                           },
3082                           { .ival = "md5",
3083                             .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
3084                             .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
3085                           },
3086                           { .ival = "crc64",
3087                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
3088                             .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
3089                           },
3090                           { .ival = "crc32",
3091                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
3092                             .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
3093                           },
3094                           { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
3095                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
3096                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
3097                           },
3098                           { .ival = "crc32c",
3099                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
3100                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
3101                           },
3102                           { .ival = "crc16",
3103                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
3104                             .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
3105                           },
3106                           { .ival = "crc7",
3107                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
3108                             .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
3109                           },
3110                           { .ival = "sha1",
3111                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
3112                             .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
3113                           },
3114                           { .ival = "sha256",
3115                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
3116                             .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
3117                           },
3118                           { .ival = "sha512",
3119                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
3120                             .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
3121                           },
3122                           { .ival = "sha3-224",
3123                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA3_224,
3124                             .help = "Use sha3-224 checksums for verification",
3125                           },
3126                           { .ival = "sha3-256",
3127                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA3_256,
3128                             .help = "Use sha3-256 checksums for verification",
3129                           },
3130                           { .ival = "sha3-384",
3131                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA3_384,
3132                             .help = "Use sha3-384 checksums for verification",
3133                           },
3134                           { .ival = "sha3-512",
3135                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA3_512,
3136                             .help = "Use sha3-512 checksums for verification",
3137                           },
3138                           { .ival = "xxhash",
3139                             .oval = VERIFY_XXHASH,
3140                             .help = "Use xxhash checksums for verification",
3141                           },
3142                           /* Meta information was included into verify_header,
3143                            * 'meta' verification is implied by default. */
3144                           { .ival = "meta",
3145                             .oval = VERIFY_HDR_ONLY,
3146                             .help = "Use io information for verification. "
3147                                     "Now is implied by default, thus option is obsolete, "
3148                                     "don't use it",
3149                           },
3150                           { .ival = "pattern",
3151                             .oval = VERIFY_PATTERN_NO_HDR,
3152                             .help = "Verify strict pattern",
3153                           },
3154                           {
3155                             .ival = "null",
3156                             .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
3157                             .help = "Pretend to verify",
3158                           },
3159                 },
3160         },
3161         {
3162                 .name   = "do_verify",
3163                 .lname  = "Perform verify step",
3164                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3165                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, do_verify),
3166                 .help   = "Run verification stage after write",
3167                 .def    = "1",
3168                 .parent = "verify",
3169                 .hide   = 1,
3170                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3171                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3172         },
3173         {
3174                 .name   = "verifysort",
3175                 .lname  = "Verify sort",
3176                 .type   = FIO_OPT_SOFT_DEPRECATED,
3177                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3178                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3179         },
3180         {
3181                 .name   = "verifysort_nr",
3182                 .lname  = "Verify Sort Nr",
3183                 .type   = FIO_OPT_SOFT_DEPRECATED,
3184                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3185                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3186         },
3187         {
3188                 .name   = "verify_interval",
3189                 .lname  = "Verify interval",
3190                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3191                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_interval),
3192                 .minval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
3193                 .help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
3194                 .parent = "verify",
3195                 .hide   = 1,
3196                 .interval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
3197                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3198                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3199         },
3200         {
3201                 .name   = "verify_offset",
3202                 .lname  = "Verify offset",
3203                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3204                 .help   = "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
3205                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_offset),
3206                 .minval = sizeof(struct verify_header),
3207                 .parent = "verify",
3208                 .hide   = 1,
3209                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3210                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3211         },
3212         {
3213                 .name   = "verify_pattern",
3214                 .lname  = "Verify pattern",
3215                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3216                 .cb     = str_verify_pattern_cb,
3217                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_pattern),
3218                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
3219                 .parent = "verify",
3220                 .hide   = 1,
3221                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3222                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3223         },
3224         {
3225                 .name   = "verify_fatal",
3226                 .lname  = "Verify fatal",
3227                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3228                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_fatal),
3229                 .def    = "0",
3230                 .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
3231                 .parent = "verify",
3232                 .hide   = 1,
3233                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3234                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3235         },
3236         {
3237                 .name   = "verify_dump",
3238                 .lname  = "Verify dump",
3239                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3240                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_dump),
3241                 .def    = "0",
3242                 .help   = "Dump contents of good and bad blocks on failure",
3243                 .parent = "verify",
3244                 .hide   = 1,
3245                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3246                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3247         },
3248         {
3249                 .name   = "verify_async",
3250                 .lname  = "Verify asynchronously",
3251                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3252                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_async),
3253                 .def    = "0",
3254                 .help   = "Number of async verifier threads to use",
3255                 .parent = "verify",
3256                 .hide   = 1,
3257                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3258                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3259         },
3260         {
3261                 .name   = "verify_backlog",
3262                 .lname  = "Verify backlog",
3263                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3264                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_backlog),
3265                 .help   = "Verify after this number of blocks are written",
3266                 .parent = "verify",
3267                 .hide   = 1,
3268                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3269                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3270         },
3271         {
3272                 .name   = "verify_backlog_batch",
3273                 .lname  = "Verify backlog batch",
3274                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3275                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_batch),
3276                 .help   = "Verify this number of IO blocks",
3277                 .parent = "verify",
3278                 .hide   = 1,
3279                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3280                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3281         },
3282 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
3283         {
3284                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
3285                 .lname  = "Async verify CPUs",
3286                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3287                 .cb     = str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
3288                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_cpumask),
3289                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
3290                 .parent = "verify_async",
3291                 .hide   = 1,
3292                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3293                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3294         },
3295 #else
3296         {
3297                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
3298                 .lname  = "Async verify CPUs",
3299                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3300                 .help   = "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
3301         },
3302 #endif
3303         {
3304                 .name   = "experimental_verify",
3305                 .lname  = "Experimental Verify",
3306                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, experimental_verify),
3307                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3308                 .help   = "Enable experimental verification",
3309                 .parent = "verify",
3310                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3311                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3312         },
3313         {
3314                 .name   = "verify_state_load",
3315                 .lname  = "Load verify state",
3316                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_state),
3317                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3318                 .help   = "Load verify termination state",
3319                 .parent = "verify",
3320                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3321                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3322         },
3323         {
3324                 .name   = "verify_state_save",
3325                 .lname  = "Save verify state",
3326                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_state_save),
3327                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3328                 .def    = "1",
3329                 .help   = "Save verify state on termination",
3330                 .parent = "verify",
3331                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3332                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3333         },
3334 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_TRIM
3335         {
3336                 .name   = "trim_percentage",
3337                 .lname  = "Trim percentage",
3338                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3339                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_percentage),
3340                 .minval = 0,
3341                 .maxval = 100,
3342                 .help   = "Number of verify blocks to trim (i.e., discard)",
3343                 .parent = "verify",
3344                 .def    = "0",
3345                 .interval = 1,
3346                 .hide   = 1,
3347                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3348                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
3349         },
3350         {
3351                 .name   = "trim_verify_zero",
3352                 .lname  = "Verify trim zero",
3353                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3354                 .help   = "Verify that trimmed (i.e., discarded) blocks are returned as zeroes",
3355                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_zero),
3356                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
3357                 .hide   = 1,
3358                 .def    = "1",
3359                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3360                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
3361         },
3362         {
3363                 .name   = "trim_backlog",
3364                 .lname  = "Trim backlog",
3365                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3366                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_backlog),
3367                 .help   = "Trim after this number of blocks are written",
3368                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
3369                 .hide   = 1,
3370                 .interval = 1,
3371                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3372                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
3373         },
3374         {
3375                 .name   = "trim_backlog_batch",
3376                 .lname  = "Trim backlog batch",
3377                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3378                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_batch),
3379                 .help   = "Trim this number of IO blocks",
3380                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
3381                 .hide   = 1,
3382                 .interval = 1,
3383                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3384                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
3385         },
3386 #else
3387         {
3388                 .name   = "trim_percentage",
3389                 .lname  = "Trim percentage",
3390                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3391                 .help   = "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
3392         },
3393         {
3394                 .name   = "trim_verify_zero",
3395                 .lname  = "Verify trim zero",
3396                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3397                 .help   = "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
3398         },
3399         {
3400                 .name   = "trim_backlog",
3401                 .lname  = "Trim backlog",
3402                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3403                 .help   = "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
3404         },
3405         {
3406                 .name   = "trim_backlog_batch",
3407                 .lname  = "Trim backlog batch",
3408                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3409                 .help   = "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
3410         },
3411 #endif
3412         {
3413                 .name   = "write_iolog",
3414                 .lname  = "Write I/O log",
3415                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3416                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, write_iolog_file),
3417                 .help   = "Store IO pattern to file",
3418                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3419                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3420         },
3421         {
3422                 .name   = "read_iolog",
3423                 .lname  = "Read I/O log",
3424                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3425                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, read_iolog_file),
3426                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern from file",
3427                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3428                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3429         },
3430         {
3431                 .name   = "read_iolog_chunked",
3432                 .lname  = "Read I/O log in parts",
3433                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3434                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, read_iolog_chunked),
3435                 .def    = "0",
3436                 .parent = "read_iolog",
3437                 .help   = "Parse IO pattern in chunks",
3438                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3439                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3440         },
3441         {
3442                 .name   = "replay_no_stall",
3443                 .lname  = "Don't stall on replay",
3444                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3445                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, no_stall),
3446                 .def    = "0",
3447                 .parent = "read_iolog",
3448                 .hide   = 1,
3449                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern file as fast as possible without stalls",
3450                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3451                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3452         },
3453         {
3454                 .name   = "replay_redirect",
3455                 .lname  = "Redirect device for replay",
3456                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3457                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, replay_redirect),
3458                 .parent = "read_iolog",
3459                 .hide   = 1,
3460                 .help   = "Replay all I/O onto this device, regardless of trace device",
3461                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3462                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3463         },
3464         {
3465                 .name   = "replay_scale",
3466                 .lname  = "Replace offset scale factor",
3467                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3468                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, replay_scale),
3469                 .parent = "read_iolog",
3470                 .def    = "1",
3471                 .help   = "Align offsets to this blocksize",
3472                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3473                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3474         },
3475         {
3476                 .name   = "replay_align",
3477                 .lname  = "Replace alignment",
3478                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3479                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, replay_align),
3480                 .parent = "read_iolog",
3481                 .help   = "Scale offset down by this factor",
3482                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3483                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3484                 .pow2   = 1,
3485         },
3486         {
3487                 .name   = "replay_time_scale",
3488                 .lname  = "Replay Time Scale",
3489                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3490                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, replay_time_scale),
3491                 .def    = "100",
3492                 .minval = 1,
3493                 .parent = "read_iolog",
3494                 .hide   = 1,
3495                 .help   = "Scale time for replay events",
3496                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3497                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3498         },
3499         {
3500                 .name   = "replay_skip",
3501                 .lname  = "Replay Skip",
3502                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3503                 .cb     = str_replay_skip_cb,
3504                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, replay_skip),
3505                 .parent = "read_iolog",
3506                 .help   = "Skip certain IO types (read,write,trim,flush)",
3507                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3508                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3509         },
3510         {
3511                 .name   = "merge_blktrace_file",
3512                 .lname  = "Merged blktrace output filename",
3513                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3514                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, merge_blktrace_file),
3515                 .help   = "Merged blktrace output filename",
3516                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3517                 .group = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3518         },
3519         {
3520                 .name   = "merge_blktrace_scalars",
3521                 .lname  = "Percentage to scale each trace",
3522                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
3523                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, merge_blktrace_scalars),
3524                 .maxlen = FIO_IO_U_LIST_MAX_LEN,
3525                 .help   = "Percentage to scale each trace",
3526                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3527                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3528         },
3529         {
3530                 .name   = "merge_blktrace_iters",
3531                 .lname  = "Number of iterations to run per trace",
3532                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
3533                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, merge_blktrace_iters),
3534                 .maxlen = FIO_IO_U_LIST_MAX_LEN,
3535                 .help   = "Number of iterations to run per trace",
3536                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3537                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3538         },
3539         {
3540                 .name   = "exec_prerun",
3541                 .lname  = "Pre-execute runnable",
3542                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3543                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, exec_prerun),
3544                 .help   = "Execute this file prior to running job",
3545                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3546                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3547         },
3548         {
3549                 .name   = "exec_postrun",
3550                 .lname  = "Post-execute runnable",
3551                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3552                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, exec_postrun),
3553                 .help   = "Execute this file after running job",
3554                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3555                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3556         },
3557 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
3558         {
3559                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
3560                 .lname  = "I/O scheduler",
3561                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3562                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ioscheduler),
3563                 .help   = "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
3564                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3565                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3566         },
3567 #else
3568         {
3569                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
3570                 .lname  = "I/O scheduler",
3571                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3572                 .help   = "Your platform does not support IO scheduler switching",
3573         },
3574 #endif
3575         {
3576                 .name   = "zonemode",
3577                 .lname  = "Zone mode",
3578                 .help   = "Mode for the zonesize, zonerange and zoneskip parameters",
3579                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3580                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zone_mode),
3581                 .def    = "none",
3582                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3583                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3584                 .posval = {
3585                            { .ival = "none",
3586                              .oval = ZONE_MODE_NONE,
3587                              .help = "no zoning",
3588                            },
3589                            { .ival = "strided",
3590                              .oval = ZONE_MODE_STRIDED,
3591                              .help = "strided mode - random I/O is restricted to a single zone",
3592                            },
3593                            { .ival = "zbd",
3594                              .oval = ZONE_MODE_ZBD,
3595                              .help = "zoned block device mode - random I/O selects one of multiple zones randomly",
3596                            },
3597                 },
3598         },
3599         {
3600                 .name   = "zonesize",
3601                 .lname  = "Zone size",
3602                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3603                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zone_size),
3604                 .help   = "Amount of data to read per zone",
3605                 .def    = "0",
3606                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3607                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3608                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3609         },
3610         {
3611                 .name   = "zonecapacity",
3612                 .lname  = "Zone capacity",
3613                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3614                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zone_capacity),
3615                 .help   = "Capacity per zone",
3616                 .def    = "0",
3617                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3618                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3619                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3620         },
3621         {
3622                 .name   = "zonerange",
3623                 .lname  = "Zone range",
3624                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3625                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zone_range),
3626                 .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
3627                 .def    = "0",
3628                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3629                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3630                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3631         },
3632         {
3633                 .name   = "zoneskip",
3634                 .lname  = "Zone skip",
3635                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_ZONE,
3636                 .cb     = str_zoneskip_cb,
3637                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zone_skip),
3638                 .help   = "Space between IO zones",
3639                 .def    = "0",
3640                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3641                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3642         },
3643         {
3644                 .name   = "read_beyond_wp",
3645                 .lname  = "Allow reads beyond the zone write pointer",
3646                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3647                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, read_beyond_wp),
3648                 .help   = "Allow reads beyond the zone write pointer",
3649                 .def    = "0",
3650                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3651                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3652         },
3653         {
3654                 .name   = "max_open_zones",
3655                 .lname  = "Per device/file maximum number of open zones",
3656                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3657                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, max_open_zones),
3658                 .maxval = ZBD_MAX_WRITE_ZONES,
3659                 .help   = "Limit on the number of simultaneously opened sequential write zones with zonemode=zbd",
3660                 .def    = "0",
3661                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3662                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3663         },
3664         {
3665                 .name   = "job_max_open_zones",
3666                 .lname  = "Job maximum number of open zones",
3667                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3668                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, job_max_open_zones),
3669                 .maxval = ZBD_MAX_WRITE_ZONES,
3670                 .help   = "Limit on the number of simultaneously opened sequential write zones with zonemode=zbd by one thread/process",
3671                 .def    = "0",
3672                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3673                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3674         },
3675         {
3676                 .name   = "ignore_zone_limits",
3677                 .lname  = "Ignore zone resource limits",
3678                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3679                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ignore_zone_limits),
3680                 .def    = "0",
3681                 .help   = "Ignore the zone resource limits (max open/active zones) reported by the device",
3682                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3683                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3684         },
3685         {
3686                 .name   = "zone_reset_threshold",
3687                 .lname  = "Zone reset threshold",
3688                 .help   = "Zoned block device reset threshold",
3689                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
3690                 .maxlen = 1,
3691                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zrt),
3692                 .minfp  = 0,
3693                 .maxfp  = 1,
3694                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3695                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3696         },
3697         {
3698                 .name   = "zone_reset_frequency",
3699                 .lname  = "Zone reset frequency",
3700                 .help   = "Zoned block device zone reset frequency in HZ",
3701                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
3702                 .maxlen = 1,
3703                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zrf),
3704                 .minfp  = 0,
3705                 .maxfp  = 1,
3706                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3707                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3708         },
3709         {
3710                 .name   = "fdp",
3711                 .lname  = "Flexible data placement",
3712                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3713                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fdp),
3714                 .help   = "Use Data placement directive (FDP)",
3715                 .def    = "0",
3716                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3717                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3718         },
3719         {
3720                 .name   = "dataplacement",
3721                 .alias  = "data_placement",
3722                 .lname  = "Data Placement interface",
3723                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3724                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, dp_type),
3725                 .help   = "Data Placement interface to use",
3726                 .def    = "none",
3727                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3728                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3729                 .posval = {
3730                           { .ival = "none",
3731                             .oval = FIO_DP_NONE,
3732                             .help = "Do not specify a data placement interface",
3733                           },
3734                           { .ival = "fdp",
3735                             .oval = FIO_DP_FDP,
3736                             .help = "Use Flexible Data Placement interface",
3737                           },
3738                           { .ival = "streams",
3739                             .oval = FIO_DP_STREAMS,
3740                             .help = "Use Streams interface",
3741                           },
3742                 },
3743         },
3744         {
3745                 .name   = "plid_select",
3746                 .alias  = "fdp_pli_select",
3747                 .lname  = "Data Placement ID selection strategy",
3748                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3749                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, dp_id_select),
3750                 .help   = "Strategy for selecting next Data Placement ID",
3751                 .def    = "roundrobin",
3752                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3753                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3754                 .posval = {
3755                           { .ival = "random",
3756                             .oval = FIO_DP_RANDOM,
3757                             .help = "Choose a Placement ID at random (uniform)",
3758                           },
3759                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
3760                             .oval = FIO_DP_RR,
3761                             .help = "Round robin select Placement IDs",
3762                           },
3763                 },
3764         },
3765         {
3766                 .name   = "plids",
3767                 .alias  = "fdp_pli",
3768                 .lname  = "Stream IDs/Data Placement ID indices",
3769                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3770                 .cb     = str_fdp_pli_cb,
3771                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, dp_ids),
3772                 .help   = "Sets which Data Placement ids to use (defaults to all for FDP)",
3773                 .hide   = 1,
3774                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3775                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3776         },
3777         {
3778                 .name   = "lockmem",
3779                 .lname  = "Lock memory",
3780                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3781                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, lockmem),
3782                 .help   = "Lock down this amount of memory (per worker)",
3783                 .def    = "0",
3784                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3785                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3786                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3787         },
3788         {
3789                 .name   = "rwmixread",
3790                 .lname  = "Read/write mix read",
3791                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3792                 .cb     = str_rwmix_read_cb,
3793                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rwmix[DDIR_READ]),
3794                 .maxval = 100,
3795                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
3796                 .def    = "50",
3797                 .interval = 5,
3798                 .inverse = "rwmixwrite",
3799                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3800                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
3801         },
3802         {
3803                 .name   = "rwmixwrite",
3804                 .lname  = "Read/write mix write",
3805                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3806                 .cb     = str_rwmix_write_cb,
3807                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rwmix[DDIR_WRITE]),
3808                 .maxval = 100,
3809                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
3810                 .def    = "50",
3811                 .interval = 5,
3812                 .inverse = "rwmixread",
3813                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3814                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
3815         },
3816         {
3817                 .name   = "rwmixcycle",
3818                 .lname  = "Read/write mix cycle",
3819                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
3820                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3821                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
3822         },
3823         {
3824                 .name   = "nice",
3825                 .lname  = "Nice",
3826                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3827                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, nice),
3828                 .help   = "Set job CPU nice value",
3829                 .minval = -20,
3830                 .maxval = 19,
3831                 .def    = "0",
3832                 .interval = 1,
3833                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3834                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3835         },
3836 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
3837         {
3838                 .name   = "prio",
3839                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority",
3840                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3841                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ioprio),
3842                 .help   = "Set job IO priority value",
3843                 .minval = IOPRIO_MIN_PRIO,
3844                 .maxval = IOPRIO_MAX_PRIO,
3845                 .interval = 1,
3846                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3847                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3848         },
3849 #else
3850         {
3851                 .name   = "prio",
3852                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority",
3853                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3854                 .help   = "Your platform does not support IO priorities",
3855         },
3856 #endif
3857 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO_CLASS
3858 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
3859 #error "FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO_CLASS requires FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO"
3860 #endif
3861         {
3862                 .name   = "prioclass",
3863                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority class",
3864                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3865                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ioprio_class),
3866                 .help   = "Set job IO priority class",
3867                 .minval = IOPRIO_MIN_PRIO_CLASS,
3868                 .maxval = IOPRIO_MAX_PRIO_CLASS,
3869                 .interval = 1,
3870                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3871                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3872         },
3873         {
3874                 .name   = "priohint",
3875                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority hint",
3876                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3877                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ioprio_hint),
3878                 .help   = "Set job IO priority hint",
3879                 .minval = IOPRIO_MIN_PRIO_HINT,
3880                 .maxval = IOPRIO_MAX_PRIO_HINT,
3881                 .interval = 1,
3882                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3883                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3884         },
3885 #else
3886         {
3887                 .name   = "prioclass",
3888                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority class",
3889                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3890                 .help   = "Your platform does not support IO priority classes",
3891         },
3892         {
3893                 .name   = "priohint",
3894                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority hint",
3895                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3896                 .help   = "Your platform does not support IO priority hints",
3897         },
3898 #endif
3899         {
3900                 .name   = "thinktime",
3901                 .lname  = "Thinktime",
3902                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3903                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, thinktime),
3904                 .help   = "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
3905                 .def    = "0",
3906                 .is_time = 1,
3907                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3908                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3909         },
3910         {
3911                 .name   = "thinktime_spin",
3912                 .lname  = "Thinktime spin",
3913                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3914                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, thinktime_spin),
3915                 .help   = "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
3916                 .def    = "0",
3917                 .is_time = 1,
3918                 .parent = "thinktime",
3919                 .hide   = 1,
3920                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3921                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3922         },
3923         {
3924                 .name   = "thinkcycles",
3925                 .lname  = "Think cycles",
3926                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3927                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, thinkcycles),
3928                 .help   = "Spin for a constant amount of cycles between requests",
3929                 .def    = "0",
3930                 .parent = "thinktime",
3931                 .hide   = 1,
3932                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3933                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3934         },
3935         {
3936                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks",
3937                 .lname  = "Thinktime blocks",
3938                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3939                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, thinktime_blocks),
3940                 .help   = "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
3941                 .def    = "1",
3942                 .parent = "thinktime",
3943                 .hide   = 1,
3944                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3945                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3946         },
3947         {
3948                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks_type",
3949                 .lname  = "Thinktime blocks type",
3950                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3951                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, thinktime_blocks_type),
3952                 .help   = "How thinktime_blocks takes effect",
3953                 .def    = "complete",
3954                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3955                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3956                 .posval = {
3957                           { .ival = "complete",
3958                             .oval = THINKTIME_BLOCKS_TYPE_COMPLETE,
3959                             .help = "thinktime_blocks takes effect at the completion side",
3960                           },
3961                           {
3962                             .ival = "issue",
3963                             .oval = THINKTIME_BLOCKS_TYPE_ISSUE,
3964                             .help = "thinktime_blocks takes effect at the issue side",
3965                           },
3966                 },
3967                 .parent = "thinktime",
3968         },
3969         {
3970                 .name   = "thinktime_iotime",
3971                 .lname  = "Thinktime interval",
3972                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3973                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, thinktime_iotime),
3974                 .help   = "IO time interval between 'thinktime'",
3975                 .def    = "0",
3976                 .parent = "thinktime",
3977                 .hide   = 1,
3978                 .is_seconds = 1,
3979                 .is_time = 1,
3980                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3981                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3982         },
3983         {
3984                 .name   = "rate",
3985                 .lname  = "I/O rate",
3986                 .type   = FIO_OPT_ULL,
3987                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate[DDIR_READ]),
3988                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate[DDIR_WRITE]),
3989                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate[DDIR_TRIM]),
3990                 .help   = "Set bandwidth rate",
3991                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3992                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3993         },
3994         {
3995                 .name   = "rate_min",
3996                 .alias  = "ratemin",
3997                 .lname  = "I/O min rate",
3998                 .type   = FIO_OPT_ULL,
3999                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ratemin[DDIR_READ]),
4000                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ratemin[DDIR_WRITE]),
4001                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ratemin[DDIR_TRIM]),
4002                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
4003                 .parent = "rate",
4004                 .hide   = 1,
4005                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4006                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
4007         },
4008         {
4009                 .name   = "rate_iops",
4010                 .lname  = "I/O rate IOPS",
4011                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4012                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops[DDIR_READ]),
4013                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops[DDIR_WRITE]),
4014                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops[DDIR_TRIM]),
4015                 .help   = "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
4016                 .hide   = 1,
4017                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4018                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
4019         },
4020         {
4021                 .name   = "rate_iops_min",
4022                 .lname  = "I/O min rate IOPS",
4023                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4024                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops_min[DDIR_READ]),
4025                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops_min[DDIR_WRITE]),
4026                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops_min[DDIR_TRIM]),
4027                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shut down",
4028                 .parent = "rate_iops",
4029                 .hide   = 1,
4030                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4031                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
4032         },
4033         {
4034                 .name   = "rate_process",
4035                 .lname  = "Rate Process",
4036                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4037                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_process),
4038                 .help   = "What process controls how rated IO is managed",
4039                 .def    = "linear",
4040                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4041                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
4042                 .posval = {
4043                           { .ival = "linear",
4044                             .oval = RATE_PROCESS_LINEAR,
4045                             .help = "Linear rate of IO",
4046                           },
4047                           {
4048                             .ival = "poisson",
4049                             .oval = RATE_PROCESS_POISSON,
4050                             .help = "Rate follows Poisson process",
4051                           },
4052                 },
4053                 .parent = "rate",
4054         },
4055         {
4056                 .name   = "rate_cycle",
4057                 .alias  = "ratecycle",
4058                 .lname  = "I/O rate cycle",
4059                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4060                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ratecycle),
4061                 .help   = "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
4062                 .def    = "1000",
4063                 .parent = "rate",
4064                 .hide   = 1,
4065                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4066                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
4067         },
4068         {
4069                 .name   = "rate_ignore_thinktime",
4070                 .lname  = "Rate ignore thinktime",
4071                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4072                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_ign_think),
4073                 .help   = "Rated IO ignores thinktime settings",
4074                 .parent = "rate",
4075                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4076                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
4077         },
4078         {
4079                 .name   = "max_latency",
4080                 .lname  = "Max Latency (usec)",
4081                 .type   = FIO_OPT_ULL,
4082                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, max_latency[DDIR_READ]),
4083                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, max_latency[DDIR_WRITE]),
4084                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, max_latency[DDIR_TRIM]),
4085                 .help   = "Maximum tolerated IO latency (usec)",
4086                 .is_time = 1,
4087                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4088                 .group = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
4089         },
4090         {
4091                 .name   = "latency_target",
4092                 .lname  = "Latency Target (usec)",
4093                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
4094                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, latency_target),
4095                 .help   = "Ramp to max queue depth supporting this latency",
4096                 .is_time = 1,
4097                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4098                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
4099         },
4100         {
4101                 .name   = "latency_window",
4102                 .lname  = "Latency Window (usec)",
4103                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
4104                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, latency_window),
4105                 .help   = "Time to sustain latency_target",
4106                 .is_time = 1,
4107                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4108                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
4109         },
4110         {
4111                 .name   = "latency_percentile",
4112                 .lname  = "Latency Percentile",
4113                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
4114                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, latency_percentile),
4115                 .help   = "Percentile of IOs must be below latency_target",
4116                 .def    = "100",
4117                 .maxlen = 1,
4118                 .minfp  = 0.0,
4119                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
4120                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4121                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
4122         },
4123         {
4124                 .name   = "latency_run",
4125                 .lname  = "Latency Run",
4126                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4127                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, latency_run),
4128                 .help   = "Keep adjusting queue depth to match latency_target",
4129                 .def    = "0",
4130                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4131                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
4132         },
4133         {
4134                 .name   = "invalidate",
4135                 .lname  = "Cache invalidate",
4136                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4137                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, invalidate_cache),
4138                 .help   = "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
4139                 .def    = "1",
4140                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4141                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
4142         },
4143         {
4144                 .name   = "sync",
4145                 .lname  = "Synchronous I/O",
4146                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4147                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, sync_io),
4148                 .help   = "Use synchronous write IO",
4149                 .def    = "none",
4150                 .hide   = 1,
4151                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4152                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
4153                 .posval = {
4154                           { .ival = "none",
4155                             .oval = 0,
4156                           },
4157                           { .ival = "0",
4158                             .oval = 0,
4159                           },
4160                           { .ival = "sync",
4161                             .oval = O_SYNC,
4162                           },
4163                           { .ival = "1",
4164                             .oval = O_SYNC,
4165                           },
4166 #ifdef O_DSYNC
4167                           { .ival = "dsync",
4168                             .oval = O_DSYNC,
4169                           },
4170 #endif
4171                 },
4172         },
4173 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_WRITE_HINT
4174         {
4175                 .name   = "write_hint",
4176                 .lname  = "Write hint",
4177                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4178                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, write_hint),
4179                 .help   = "Set expected write life time",
4180                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_ENGINE,
4181                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4182                 .posval = {
4183                           { .ival = "none",
4184                             .oval = RWH_WRITE_LIFE_NONE,
4185                           },
4186                           { .ival = "short",
4187                             .oval = RWH_WRITE_LIFE_SHORT,
4188                           },
4189                           { .ival = "medium",
4190                             .oval = RWH_WRITE_LIFE_MEDIUM,
4191                           },
4192                           { .ival = "long",
4193                             .oval = RWH_WRITE_LIFE_LONG,
4194                           },
4195                           { .ival = "extreme",
4196                             .oval = RWH_WRITE_LIFE_EXTREME,
4197                           },
4198                 },
4199         },
4200 #endif
4201         {
4202                 .name   = "create_serialize",
4203                 .lname  = "Create serialize",
4204                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4205                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, create_serialize),
4206                 .help   = "Serialize creation of job files",
4207                 .def    = "1",
4208                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
4209                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4210         },
4211         {
4212                 .name   = "create_fsync",
4213                 .lname  = "Create fsync",
4214                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4215                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, create_fsync),
4216                 .help   = "fsync file after creation",
4217                 .def    = "1",
4218                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
4219                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4220         },
4221         {
4222                 .name   = "create_on_open",
4223                 .lname  = "Create on open",
4224                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4225                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, create_on_open),
4226                 .help   = "Create files when they are opened for IO",
4227                 .def    = "0",
4228                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
4229                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4230         },
4231         {
4232                 .name   = "create_only",
4233                 .lname  = "Create Only",
4234                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4235                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, create_only),
4236                 .help   = "Only perform file creation phase",
4237                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
4238                 .def    = "0",
4239         },
4240         {
4241                 .name   = "allow_file_create",
4242                 .lname  = "Allow file create",
4243                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4244                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, allow_create),
4245                 .help   = "Permit fio to create files, if they don't exist",
4246                 .def    = "1",
4247                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
4248                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
4249         },
4250         {
4251                 .name   = "allow_mounted_write",
4252                 .lname  = "Allow mounted write",
4253                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4254                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, allow_mounted_write),
4255                 .help   = "Allow writes to a mounted partition",
4256                 .def    = "0",
4257                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
4258                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
4259         },
4260         {
4261                 .name   = "pre_read",
4262                 .lname  = "Pre-read files",
4263                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4264                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, pre_read),
4265                 .help   = "Pre-read files before starting official testing",
4266                 .def    = "0",
4267                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
4268                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4269         },
4270 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
4271         {
4272                 .name   = "cpumask",
4273                 .lname  = "CPU mask",
4274                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4275                 .cb     = str_cpumask_cb,
4276                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cpumask),
4277                 .help   = "CPU affinity mask",
4278                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4279                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
4280         },
4281         {
4282                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
4283                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed",
4284                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4285                 .cb     = str_cpus_allowed_cb,
4286                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cpumask),
4287                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed",
4288                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4289                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
4290         },
4291         {
4292                 .name   = "cpus_allowed_policy",
4293                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed distribution policy",
4294                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4295                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cpus_allowed_policy),
4296                 .help   = "Distribution policy for cpus_allowed",
4297                 .parent = "cpus_allowed",
4298                 .prio   = 1,
4299                 .posval = {
4300                           { .ival = "shared",
4301                             .oval = FIO_CPUS_SHARED,
4302                             .help = "Mask shared between threads",
4303                           },
4304                           { .ival = "split",
4305                             .oval = FIO_CPUS_SPLIT,
4306                             .help = "Mask split between threads",
4307                           },
4308                 },
4309                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4310                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
4311         },
4312 #else
4313         {
4314                 .name   = "cpumask",
4315                 .lname  = "CPU mask",
4316                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
4317                 .help   = "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
4318         },
4319         {
4320                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
4321                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed",
4322                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
4323                 .help   = "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
4324         },
4325         {
4326                 .name   = "cpus_allowed_policy",
4327                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed distribution policy",
4328                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
4329                 .help   = "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
4330         },
4331 #endif
4332 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
4333         {
4334                 .name   = "numa_cpu_nodes",
4335                 .lname  = "NUMA CPU Nodes",
4336                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4337                 .cb     = str_numa_cpunodes_cb,
4338                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, numa_cpunodes),
4339                 .help   = "NUMA CPU nodes bind",
4340                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4341                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4342         },
4343         {
4344                 .name   = "numa_mem_policy",
4345                 .lname  = "NUMA Memory Policy",
4346                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4347                 .cb     = str_numa_mpol_cb,
4348                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, numa_memnodes),
4349                 .help   = "NUMA memory policy setup",
4350                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4351                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4352         },
4353 #else
4354         {
4355                 .name   = "numa_cpu_nodes",
4356                 .lname  = "NUMA CPU Nodes",
4357                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
4358                 .help   = "Build fio with libnuma-dev(el) to enable this option",
4359         },
4360         {
4361                 .name   = "numa_mem_policy",
4362                 .lname  = "NUMA Memory Policy",
4363                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
4364                 .help   = "Build fio with libnuma-dev(el) to enable this option",
4365         },
4366 #endif
4367 #ifdef CONFIG_CUDA
4368         {
4369                 .name   = "gpu_dev_id",
4370                 .lname  = "GPU device ID",
4371                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4372                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, gpu_dev_id),
4373                 .help   = "Set GPU device ID for GPUDirect RDMA",
4374                 .def    = "0",
4375                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4376                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4377         },
4378 #endif
4379         {
4380                 .name   = "end_fsync",
4381                 .lname  = "End fsync",
4382                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4383                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, end_fsync),
4384                 .help   = "Include fsync at the end of job",
4385                 .def    = "0",
4386                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
4387                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4388         },
4389         {
4390                 .name   = "fsync_on_close",
4391                 .lname  = "Fsync on close",
4392                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4393                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fsync_on_close),
4394                 .help   = "fsync files on close",
4395                 .def    = "0",
4396                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
4397                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4398         },
4399         {
4400                 .name   = "unlink",
4401                 .lname  = "Unlink file",
4402                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4403                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, unlink),
4404                 .help   = "Unlink created files after job has completed",
4405                 .def    = "0",
4406                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
4407                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4408         },
4409         {
4410                 .name   = "unlink_each_loop",
4411                 .lname  = "Unlink file after each loop of a job",
4412                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4413                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, unlink_each_loop),
4414                 .help   = "Unlink created files after each loop in a job has completed",
4415                 .def    = "0",
4416                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
4417                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4418         },
4419         {
4420                 .name   = "exitall",
4421                 .lname  = "Exit-all on terminate",
4422                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
4423                 .cb     = str_exitall_cb,
4424                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
4425                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4426                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
4427         },
4428         {
4429                 .name   = "exit_what",
4430                 .lname  = "What jobs to quit on terminate",
4431                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4432                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, exit_what),
4433                 .help   = "Fine-grained control for exitall",
4434                 .def    = "group",
4435                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4436                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
4437                 .posval = {
4438                           { .ival = "group",
4439                             .oval = TERMINATE_GROUP,
4440                             .help = "exit_all=1 default behaviour",
4441                           },
4442                           { .ival = "stonewall",
4443                             .oval = TERMINATE_STONEWALL,
4444                             .help = "quit all currently running jobs; continue with next stonewall",
4445                           },
4446                           { .ival = "all",
4447                             .oval = TERMINATE_ALL,
4448                             .help = "Quit everything",
4449                           },
4450                 },
4451         },
4452         {
4453                 .name   = "exitall_on_error",
4454                 .lname  = "Exit-all on terminate in error",
4455                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
4456                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, exitall_error),
4457                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits in error",
4458                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4459                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
4460         },
4461         {
4462                 .name   = "stonewall",
4463                 .lname  = "Wait for previous",
4464                 .alias  = "wait_for_previous",
4465                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
4466                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, stonewall),
4467                 .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
4468                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4469                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
4470         },
4471         {
4472                 .name   = "new_group",
4473                 .lname  = "New group",
4474                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
4475                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, new_group),
4476                 .help   = "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
4477                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4478                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
4479         },
4480         {
4481                 .name   = "thread",
4482                 .lname  = "Thread",
4483                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
4484                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, use_thread),
4485                 .help   = "Use threads instead of processes",
4486 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_SHM
4487                 .def    = "1",
4488                 .no_warn_def = 1,
4489 #endif
4490                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4491                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
4492         },
4493         {
4494                 .name   = "per_job_logs",
4495                 .lname  = "Per Job Logs",
4496                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4497                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, per_job_logs),
4498                 .help   = "Include job number in generated log files or not",
4499                 .def    = "1",
4500                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4501                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4502         },
4503         {
4504                 .name   = "write_bw_log",
4505                 .lname  = "Write bandwidth log",
4506                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4507                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bw_log_file),
4508                 .cb     = str_write_bw_log_cb,
4509                 .help   = "Write log of bandwidth during run",
4510                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4511                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4512         },
4513         {
4514                 .name   = "write_lat_log",
4515                 .lname  = "Write latency log",
4516                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4517                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, lat_log_file),
4518                 .cb     = str_write_lat_log_cb,
4519                 .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
4520                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4521                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4522         },
4523         {
4524                 .name   = "write_iops_log",
4525                 .lname  = "Write IOPS log",
4526                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4527                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iops_log_file),
4528                 .cb     = str_write_iops_log_cb,
4529                 .help   = "Write log of IOPS during run",
4530                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4531                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4532         },
4533         {
4534                 .name   = "log_entries",
4535                 .lname  = "Log entries",
4536                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4537                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_entries),
4538                 .help   = "Initial number of entries in a job IO log",
4539                 .def    = __fio_stringify(DEF_LOG_ENTRIES),
4540                 .minval = DEF_LOG_ENTRIES,
4541                 .maxval = MAX_LOG_ENTRIES,
4542                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4543                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4544         },
4545         {
4546                 .name   = "log_avg_msec",
4547                 .lname  = "Log averaging (msec)",
4548                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4549                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_avg_msec),
4550                 .help   = "Average bw/iops/lat logs over this period of time",
4551                 .def    = "0",
4552                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4553                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4554         },
4555         {
4556                 .name   = "log_hist_msec",
4557                 .lname  = "Log histograms (msec)",
4558                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4559                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_hist_msec),
4560                 .help   = "Dump completion latency histograms at frequency of this time value",
4561                 .def    = "0",
4562                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4563                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4564         },
4565         {
4566                 .name   = "log_hist_coarseness",
4567                 .lname  = "Histogram logs coarseness",
4568                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4569                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_hist_coarseness),
4570                 .help   = "Integer in range [0,6]. Higher coarseness outputs"
4571                         " fewer histogram bins per sample. The number of bins for"
4572                         " these are [1216, 608, 304, 152, 76, 38, 19] respectively.",
4573                 .def    = "0",
4574                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4575                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4576         },
4577         {
4578                 .name   = "write_hist_log",
4579                 .lname  = "Write latency histogram logs",
4580                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4581                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, hist_log_file),
4582                 .cb     = str_write_hist_log_cb,
4583                 .help   = "Write log of latency histograms during run",
4584                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4585                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4586         },
4587         {
4588                 .name   = "log_window_value",
4589                 .alias  = "log_max_value",
4590                 .lname  = "Log maximum, average or both values",
4591                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4592                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_max),
4593                 .help   = "Log max, average or both sample in a window",
4594                 .def    = "avg",
4595                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4596                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4597                 .posval = {
4598                           { .ival = "avg",
4599                             .oval = IO_LOG_SAMPLE_AVG,
4600                             .help = "Log average value over the window",
4601                           },
4602                           { .ival = "max",
4603                             .oval = IO_LOG_SAMPLE_MAX,
4604                             .help = "Log maximum value in the window",
4605                           },
4606                           { .ival = "both",
4607                             .oval = IO_LOG_SAMPLE_BOTH,
4608                             .help = "Log both average and maximum values over the window"
4609                           },
4610                           /* Compatibility with former boolean values */
4611                           { .ival = "0",
4612                             .oval = IO_LOG_SAMPLE_AVG,
4613                             .help = "Alias for 'avg'",
4614                           },
4615                           { .ival = "1",
4616                             .oval = IO_LOG_SAMPLE_MAX,
4617                             .help = "Alias for 'max'",
4618                           },
4619                 },
4620         },
4621         {
4622                 .name   = "log_offset",
4623                 .lname  = "Log offset of IO",
4624                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4625                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_offset),
4626                 .help   = "Include offset of IO for each log entry",
4627                 .def    = "0",
4628                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4629                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4630         },
4631         {
4632                 .name   = "log_prio",
4633                 .lname  = "Log priority of IO",
4634                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4635                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_prio),
4636                 .help   = "Include priority value of IO for each log entry",
4637                 .def    = "0",
4638                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4639                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4640         },
4641 #ifdef CONFIG_ZLIB
4642         {
4643                 .name   = "log_compression",
4644                 .lname  = "Log compression",
4645                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4646                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_gz),
4647                 .help   = "Log in compressed chunks of this size",
4648                 .minval = 1024ULL,
4649                 .maxval = 512 * 1024 * 1024ULL,
4650                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4651                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4652         },
4653 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
4654         {
4655                 .name   = "log_compression_cpus",
4656                 .lname  = "Log Compression CPUs",
4657                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4658                 .cb     = str_log_cpus_allowed_cb,
4659                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_gz_cpumask),
4660                 .parent = "log_compression",
4661                 .help   = "Limit log compression to these CPUs",
4662                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4663                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4664         },
4665 #else
4666         {
4667                 .name   = "log_compression_cpus",
4668                 .lname  = "Log Compression CPUs",
4669                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
4670                 .help   = "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
4671         },
4672 #endif
4673         {
4674                 .name   = "log_store_compressed",
4675                 .lname  = "Log store compressed",
4676                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4677                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_gz_store),
4678                 .help   = "Store logs in a compressed format",
4679                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4680                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4681         },
4682 #else
4683         {
4684                 .name   = "log_compression",
4685                 .lname  = "Log compression",
4686                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
4687                 .help   = "Install libz-dev(el) to get compression support",
4688         },
4689         {
4690                 .name   = "log_store_compressed",
4691                 .lname  = "Log store compressed",
4692                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
4693                 .help   = "Install libz-dev(el) to get compression support",
4694         },
4695 #endif
4696         {
4697                 .name = "log_alternate_epoch",
4698                 .alias = "log_unix_epoch",
4699                 .lname = "Log epoch alternate",
4700                 .type = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4701                 .off1 = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_alternate_epoch),
4702                 .help = "Use alternate epoch time in log files. Uses the same epoch as that is used by clock_gettime with specified log_alternate_epoch_clock_id.",
4703                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4704                 .group = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4705         },
4706         {
4707                 .name = "log_alternate_epoch_clock_id",
4708                 .lname = "Log alternate epoch clock_id",
4709                 .type = FIO_OPT_INT,
4710                 .off1 = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_alternate_epoch_clock_id),
4711                 .help = "If log_alternate_epoch is true, this option specifies the clock_id from clock_gettime whose epoch should be used. If log_alternate_epoch is false, this option has no effect. Default value is 0, or CLOCK_REALTIME",
4712                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4713                 .group = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4714         },
4715         {
4716                 .name   = "block_error_percentiles",
4717                 .lname  = "Block error percentiles",
4718                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4719                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, block_error_hist),
4720                 .help   = "Record trim block errors and make a histogram",
4721                 .def    = "0",
4722                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4723                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4724         },
4725         {
4726                 .name   = "bwavgtime",
4727                 .lname  = "Bandwidth average time",
4728                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4729                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bw_avg_time),
4730                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
4731                           " (msec)",
4732                 .def    = "500",
4733                 .parent = "write_bw_log",
4734                 .hide   = 1,
4735                 .interval = 100,
4736                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4737                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4738         },
4739         {
4740                 .name   = "iopsavgtime",
4741                 .lname  = "IOPS average time",
4742                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4743                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iops_avg_time),
4744                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate IOPS (msec)",
4745                 .def    = "500",
4746                 .parent = "write_iops_log",
4747                 .hide   = 1,
4748                 .interval = 100,
4749                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4750                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4751         },
4752         {
4753                 .name   = "group_reporting",
4754                 .lname  = "Group reporting",
4755                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
4756                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, group_reporting),
4757                 .help   = "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
4758                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4759                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4760         },
4761         {
4762                 .name   = "stats",
4763                 .lname  = "Stats",
4764                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4765                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, stats),
4766                 .help   = "Enable collection of stats",
4767                 .def    = "1",
4768                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4769                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4770         },
4771         {
4772                 .name   = "zero_buffers",
4773                 .lname  = "Zero I/O buffers",
4774                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
4775                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zero_buffers),
4776                 .help   = "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
4777                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4778                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4779         },
4780         {
4781                 .name   = "refill_buffers",
4782                 .lname  = "Refill I/O buffers",
4783                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
4784                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, refill_buffers),
4785                 .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
4786                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4787                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4788         },
4789         {
4790                 .name   = "scramble_buffers",
4791                 .lname  = "Scramble I/O buffers",
4792                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4793                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, scramble_buffers),
4794                 .help   = "Slightly scramble buffers on every IO submit",
4795                 .def    = "1",
4796                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4797                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4798         },
4799         {
4800                 .name   = "buffer_pattern",
4801                 .lname  = "Buffer pattern",
4802                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4803                 .cb     = str_buffer_pattern_cb,
4804                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, buffer_pattern),
4805                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
4806                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4807                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4808         },
4809         {
4810                 .name   = "buffer_compress_percentage",
4811                 .lname  = "Buffer compression percentage",
4812                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4813                 .cb     = str_buffer_compress_cb,
4814                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, compress_percentage),
4815                 .maxval = 100,
4816                 .minval = 0,
4817                 .help   = "How compressible the buffer is (approximately)",
4818                 .interval = 5,
4819                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4820                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4821         },
4822         {
4823                 .name   = "buffer_compress_chunk",
4824                 .lname  = "Buffer compression chunk size",
4825                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4826                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, compress_chunk),
4827                 .parent = "buffer_compress_percentage",
4828                 .hide   = 1,
4829                 .help   = "Size of compressible region in buffer",
4830                 .def    = "512",
4831                 .interval = 256,
4832                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4833                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4834         },
4835         {
4836                 .name   = "dedupe_percentage",
4837                 .lname  = "Dedupe percentage",
4838                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4839                 .cb     = str_dedupe_cb,
4840                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, dedupe_percentage),
4841                 .maxval = 100,
4842                 .minval = 0,
4843                 .help   = "Percentage of buffers that are dedupable",
4844                 .interval = 1,
4845                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4846                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4847         },
4848         {
4849                 .name   = "dedupe_global",
4850                 .lname  = "Global deduplication",
4851                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4852                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, dedupe_global),
4853                 .help   = "Share deduplication buffers across jobs",
4854                 .def    = "0",
4855                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4856                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4857         },
4858         {
4859                 .name   = "dedupe_mode",
4860                 .lname  = "Dedupe mode",
4861                 .help   = "Mode for the deduplication buffer generation",
4862                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4863                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, dedupe_mode),
4864                 .parent = "dedupe_percentage",
4865                 .def    = "repeat",
4866                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4867                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4868                 .posval = {
4869                            { .ival = "repeat",
4870                              .oval = DEDUPE_MODE_REPEAT,
4871                              .help = "repeat previous page",
4872                            },
4873                            { .ival = "working_set",
4874                              .oval = DEDUPE_MODE_WORKING_SET,
4875                              .help = "choose a page randomly from limited working set defined in dedupe_working_set_percentage",
4876                            },
4877                 },
4878         },
4879         {
4880                 .name   = "dedupe_working_set_percentage",
4881                 .lname  = "Dedupe working set percentage",
4882                 .help   = "Dedupe working set size in percentages from file or device size used to generate dedupe patterns from",
4883                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4884                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, dedupe_working_set_percentage),
4885                 .parent = "dedupe_percentage",
4886                 .def    = "5",
4887                 .maxval = 100,
4888                 .minval = 0,
4889                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4890                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4891         },
4892         {
4893                 .name   = "clat_percentiles",
4894                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentiles",
4895                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4896                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, clat_percentiles),
4897                 .help   = "Enable the reporting of completion latency percentiles",
4898                 .def    = "1",
4899                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4900                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4901         },
4902         {
4903                 .name   = "lat_percentiles",
4904                 .lname  = "IO latency percentiles",
4905                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4906                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, lat_percentiles),
4907                 .help   = "Enable the reporting of IO latency percentiles",
4908                 .def    = "0",
4909                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4910                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4911         },
4912         {
4913                 .name   = "slat_percentiles",
4914                 .lname  = "Submission latency percentiles",
4915                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4916                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, slat_percentiles),
4917                 .help   = "Enable the reporting of submission latency percentiles",
4918                 .def    = "0",
4919                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4920                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4921         },
4922         {
4923                 .name   = "percentile_list",
4924                 .lname  = "Percentile list",
4925                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
4926                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, percentile_list),
4927                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, percentile_precision),
4928                 .help   = "Specify a custom list of percentiles to report for "
4929                           "completion latency and block errors",
4930                 .def    = "1:5:10:20:30:40:50:60:70:80:90:95:99:99.5:99.9:99.95:99.99",
4931                 .maxlen = FIO_IO_U_LIST_MAX_LEN,
4932                 .minfp  = 0.0,
4933                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
4934                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4935                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4936         },
4937         {
4938                 .name   = "significant_figures",
4939                 .lname  = "Significant figures",
4940                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4941                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, sig_figs),
4942                 .maxval = 10,
4943                 .minval = 1,
4944                 .help   = "Significant figures for output-format set to normal",
4945                 .def    = "4",
4946                 .interval = 1,
4947                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4948                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4949         },
4950
4951 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
4952         {
4953                 .name   = "disk_util",
4954                 .lname  = "Disk utilization",
4955                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4956                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, do_disk_util),
4957                 .help   = "Log disk utilization statistics",
4958                 .def    = "1",
4959                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4960                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4961         },
4962 #else
4963         {
4964                 .name   = "disk_util",
4965                 .lname  = "Disk utilization",
4966                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
4967                 .help   = "Your platform does not support disk utilization",
4968         },
4969 #endif
4970         {
4971                 .name   = "gtod_reduce",
4972                 .lname  = "Reduce gettimeofday() calls",
4973                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4974                 .help   = "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
4975                 .cb     = str_gtod_reduce_cb,
4976                 .def    = "0",
4977                 .hide_on_set = 1,
4978                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4979                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4980         },
4981         {
4982                 .name   = "disable_lat",
4983                 .lname  = "Disable all latency stats",
4984                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4985                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_lat),
4986                 .help   = "Disable latency numbers",
4987                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
4988                 .hide   = 1,
4989                 .def    = "0",
4990                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4991                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4992         },
4993         {
4994                 .name   = "disable_clat",
4995                 .lname  = "Disable completion latency stats",
4996                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4997                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_clat),
4998                 .help   = "Disable completion latency numbers",
4999                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
5000                 .hide   = 1,
5001                 .def    = "0",
5002                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
5003                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
5004         },
5005         {
5006                 .name   = "disable_slat",
5007                 .lname  = "Disable submission latency stats",
5008                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
5009                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_slat),
5010                 .help   = "Disable submission latency numbers",
5011                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
5012                 .hide   = 1,
5013                 .def    = "0",
5014                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
5015                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
5016         },
5017         {
5018                 .name   = "disable_bw_measurement",
5019                 .alias  = "disable_bw",
5020                 .lname  = "Disable bandwidth stats",
5021                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
5022                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_bw),
5023                 .help   = "Disable bandwidth logging",
5024                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
5025                 .hide   = 1,
5026                 .def    = "0",
5027                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
5028                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
5029         },
5030         {
5031                 .name   = "gtod_cpu",
5032                 .lname  = "Dedicated gettimeofday() CPU",
5033                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
5034                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, gtod_cpu),
5035                 .help   = "Set up dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
5036                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
5037                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5038                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
5039         },
5040         {
5041                 .name   = "job_start_clock_id",
5042                 .lname  = "Job start clock_id",
5043                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
5044                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, job_start_clock_id),
5045                 .help   = "The clock_id passed to the call to clock_gettime used to record job_start in the json output format. Default is 0, or CLOCK_REALTIME",
5046                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
5047                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5048                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
5049         },
5050         {
5051                 .name   = "unified_rw_reporting",
5052                 .lname  = "Unified RW Reporting",
5053                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
5054                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, unified_rw_rep),
5055                 .help   = "Unify reporting across data direction",
5056                 .def    = "none",
5057                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5058                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
5059                 .posval = {
5060                           { .ival = "none",
5061                             .oval = UNIFIED_SPLIT,
5062                             .help = "Normal statistics reporting",
5063                           },
5064                           { .ival = "mixed",
5065                             .oval = UNIFIED_MIXED,
5066                             .help = "Statistics are summed per data direction and reported together",
5067                           },
5068                           { .ival = "both",
5069                             .oval = UNIFIED_BOTH,
5070                             .help = "Statistics are reported normally, followed by the mixed statistics"
5071                           },
5072                           /* Compatibility with former boolean values */
5073                           { .ival = "0",
5074                             .oval = UNIFIED_SPLIT,
5075                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
5076                           },
5077                           { .ival = "1",
5078                             .oval = UNIFIED_MIXED,
5079                             .help = "Alias for 'mixed'",
5080                           },
5081                           { .ival = "2",
5082                             .oval = UNIFIED_BOTH,
5083                             .help = "Alias for 'both'",
5084                           },
5085                 },
5086         },
5087         {
5088                 .name   = "continue_on_error",
5089                 .lname  = "Continue on error",
5090                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
5091                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, continue_on_error),
5092                 .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during IO",
5093                 .def    = "none",
5094                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5095                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
5096                 .posval = {
5097                           { .ival = "none",
5098                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
5099                             .help = "Exit when an error is encountered",
5100                           },
5101                           { .ival = "read",
5102                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ,
5103                             .help = "Continue on read errors only",
5104                           },
5105                           { .ival = "write",
5106                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
5107                             .help = "Continue on write errors only",
5108                           },
5109                           { .ival = "io",
5110                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ | ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
5111                             .help = "Continue on any IO errors",
5112                           },
5113                           { .ival = "verify",
5114                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_VERIFY,
5115                             .help = "Continue on verify errors only",
5116                           },
5117                           { .ival = "all",
5118                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
5119                             .help = "Continue on all io and verify errors",
5120                           },
5121                           { .ival = "0",
5122                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
5123                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
5124                           },
5125                           { .ival = "1",
5126                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
5127                             .help = "Alias for 'all'",
5128                           },
5129                 },
5130         },
5131         {
5132                 .name   = "ignore_error",
5133                 .lname  = "Ignore Error",
5134                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
5135                 .cb     = str_ignore_error_cb,
5136                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ignore_error_nr),
5137                 .help   = "Set a specific list of errors to ignore",
5138                 .parent = "rw",
5139                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5140                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
5141         },
5142         {
5143                 .name   = "error_dump",
5144                 .lname  = "Error Dump",
5145                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
5146                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, error_dump),
5147                 .def    = "0",
5148                 .help   = "Dump info on each error",
5149                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5150                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
5151         },
5152         {
5153                 .name   = "profile",
5154                 .lname  = "Profile",
5155                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
5156                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, profile),
5157                 .help   = "Select a specific builtin performance test",
5158                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
5159                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
5160         },
5161         {
5162                 .name   = "cgroup",
5163                 .lname  = "Cgroup",
5164                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
5165                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cgroup),
5166                 .help   = "Add job to cgroup of this name",
5167                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5168                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
5169         },
5170         {
5171                 .name   = "cgroup_nodelete",
5172                 .lname  = "Cgroup no-delete",
5173                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
5174                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cgroup_nodelete),
5175                 .help   = "Do not delete cgroups after job completion",
5176                 .def    = "0",
5177                 .parent = "cgroup",
5178                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5179                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
5180         },
5181         {
5182                 .name   = "cgroup_weight",
5183                 .lname  = "Cgroup weight",
5184                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
5185                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cgroup_weight),
5186                 .help   = "Use given weight for cgroup",
5187                 .minval = 100,
5188                 .maxval = 1000,
5189                 .parent = "cgroup",
5190                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5191                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
5192         },
5193         {
5194                 .name   = "uid",
5195                 .lname  = "User ID",
5196                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
5197                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, uid),
5198                 .help   = "Run job with this user ID",
5199                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5200                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
5201         },
5202         {
5203                 .name   = "gid",
5204                 .lname  = "Group ID",
5205                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
5206                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, gid),
5207                 .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
5208                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5209                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
5210         },
5211         {
5212                 .name   = "kb_base",
5213                 .lname  = "KB Base",
5214                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
5215                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, kb_base),
5216                 .prio   = 1,
5217                 .def    = "1024",
5218                 .posval = {
5219                           { .ival = "1024",
5220                             .oval = 1024,
5221                             .help = "Inputs invert IEC and SI prefixes (for compatibility); outputs prefer binary",
5222                           },
5223                           { .ival = "1000",
5224                             .oval = 1000,
5225                             .help = "Inputs use IEC and SI prefixes; outputs prefer SI",
5226                           },
5227                 },
5228                 .help   = "Unit prefix interpretation for quantities of data (IEC and SI)",
5229                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5230                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
5231         },
5232         {
5233                 .name   = "unit_base",
5234                 .lname  = "Unit for quantities of data (Bits or Bytes)",
5235                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
5236                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, unit_base),
5237                 .prio   = 1,
5238                 .posval = {
5239                           { .ival = "0",
5240                             .oval = N2S_NONE,
5241                             .help = "Auto-detect",
5242                           },
5243                           { .ival = "8",
5244                             .oval = N2S_BYTEPERSEC,
5245                             .help = "Normal (byte based)",
5246                           },
5247                           { .ival = "1",
5248                             .oval = N2S_BITPERSEC,
5249                             .help = "Bit based",
5250                           },
5251                 },
5252                 .help   = "Bit multiple of result summary data (8 for byte, 1 for bit)",
5253                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5254                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
5255         },
5256         {
5257                 .name   = "hugepage-size",
5258                 .lname  = "Hugepage size",
5259                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
5260                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, hugepage_size),
5261                 .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
5262                 .def    = __fio_stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
5263                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
5264                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5265                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
5266         },
5267         {
5268                 .name   = "flow_id",
5269                 .lname  = "I/O flow ID",
5270                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
5271                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, flow_id),
5272                 .help   = "The flow index ID to use",
5273                 .def    = "0",
5274                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
5275                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
5276         },
5277         {
5278                 .name   = "flow",
5279                 .lname  = "I/O flow weight",
5280                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
5281                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, flow),
5282                 .help   = "Weight for flow control of this job",
5283                 .parent = "flow_id",
5284                 .hide   = 1,
5285                 .def    = "0",
5286                 .maxval = FLOW_MAX_WEIGHT,
5287                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
5288                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
5289         },
5290         {
5291                 .name   = "flow_watermark",
5292                 .lname  = "I/O flow watermark",
5293                 .type   = FIO_OPT_SOFT_DEPRECATED,
5294                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
5295                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
5296         },
5297         {
5298                 .name   = "flow_sleep",
5299                 .lname  = "I/O flow sleep",
5300                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
5301                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, flow_sleep),
5302                 .help   = "How many microseconds to sleep after being held"
5303                         " back by the flow control mechanism",
5304                 .parent = "flow_id",
5305                 .hide   = 1,
5306                 .def    = "0",
5307                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
5308                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
5309         },
5310         {
5311                 .name   = "steadystate",
5312                 .lname  = "Steady state threshold",
5313                 .alias  = "ss",
5314                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
5315                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ss_state),
5316                 .cb     = str_steadystate_cb,
5317                 .help   = "Define the criterion and limit to judge when a job has reached steady state",
5318                 .def    = "iops_slope:0.01%",
5319                 .posval = {
5320                           { .ival = "iops",
5321                             .oval = FIO_SS_IOPS,
5322                             .help = "maximum mean deviation of IOPS measurements",
5323                           },
5324                           { .ival = "iops_slope",
5325                             .oval = FIO_SS_IOPS_SLOPE,
5326                             .help = "slope calculated from IOPS measurements",
5327                           },
5328                           { .ival = "bw",
5329                             .oval = FIO_SS_BW,
5330                             .help = "maximum mean deviation of bandwidth measurements",
5331                           },
5332                           {
5333                             .ival = "bw_slope",
5334                             .oval = FIO_SS_BW_SLOPE,
5335                             .help = "slope calculated from bandwidth measurements",
5336                           },
5337                 },
5338                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5339                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
5340         },
5341         {
5342                 .name   = "steadystate_duration",
5343                 .lname  = "Steady state duration",
5344                 .alias  = "ss_dur",
5345                 .parent = "steadystate",
5346                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
5347                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ss_dur),
5348                 .help   = "Stop workload upon attaining steady state for specified duration",
5349                 .def    = "0",
5350                 .is_seconds = 1,
5351                 .is_time = 1,
5352                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5353                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
5354         },
5355         {
5356                 .name   = "steadystate_ramp_time",
5357                 .lname  = "Steady state ramp time",
5358                 .alias  = "ss_ramp",
5359                 .parent = "steadystate",
5360                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
5361                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ss_ramp_time),
5362                 .help   = "Delay before initiation of data collection for steady state job termination testing",
5363                 .def    = "0",
5364                 .is_seconds = 1,
5365                 .is_time = 1,
5366                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5367                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
5368         },
5369         {
5370                 .name   = "steadystate_check_interval",
5371                 .lname  = "Steady state check interval",
5372                 .alias  = "ss_interval",
5373                 .parent = "steadystate",
5374                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
5375                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ss_check_interval),
5376                 .help   = "Polling interval for the steady state check (too low means steadystate will not converge)",
5377                 .def    = "1",
5378                 .is_seconds = 1,
5379                 .is_time = 1,
5380                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
5381                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
5382         },
5383         {
5384                 .name = NULL,
5385         },
5386 };
5387
5388 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o,
5389                         const char *name, int val)
5390 {
5391         lopt->name = (char *) name;
5392         lopt->val = val;
5393         if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
5394                 lopt->has_arg = optional_argument;
5395         else
5396                 lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
5397 }
5398
5399 static void options_to_lopts(struct fio_option *opts,
5400                               struct option *long_options,
5401                               int i, int option_type)
5402 {
5403         struct fio_option *o = &opts[0];
5404         while (o->name) {
5405                 add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->name, option_type);
5406                 if (o->alias) {
5407                         i++;
5408                         add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->alias, option_type);
5409                 }
5410
5411                 i++;
5412                 o++;
5413                 assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
5414         }
5415 }
5416
5417 void fio_options_set_ioengine_opts(struct option *long_options,
5418                                    struct thread_data *td)
5419 {
5420         unsigned int i;
5421
5422         i = 0;
5423         while (long_options[i].name) {
5424                 if (long_options[i].val == FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE) {
5425                         memset(&long_options[i], 0, sizeof(*long_options));
5426                         break;
5427                 }
5428                 i++;
5429         }
5430
5431         /*
5432          * Just clear out the prior ioengine options.
5433          */
5434         if (!td || !td->eo)
5435                 return;
5436
5437         options_to_lopts(td->io_ops->options, long_options, i,
5438                          FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE);
5439 }
5440
5441 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
5442 {
5443         unsigned int i;
5444
5445         options_init(fio_options);
5446
5447         i = 0;
5448         while (long_options[i].name)
5449                 i++;
5450
5451         options_to_lopts(fio_options, long_options, i, FIO_GETOPT_JOB);
5452 }
5453
5454 struct fio_keyword {
5455         const char *word;
5456         const char *desc;
5457         char *replace;
5458 };
5459
5460 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
5461         {
5462                 .word   = "$pagesize",
5463                 .desc   = "Page size in the system",
5464         },
5465         {
5466                 .word   = "$mb_memory",
5467                 .desc   = "Megabytes of memory online",
5468         },
5469         {
5470                 .word   = "$ncpus",
5471                 .desc   = "Number of CPUs online in the system",
5472         },
5473         {
5474                 .word   = NULL,
5475         },
5476 };
5477
5478 void fio_keywords_exit(void)
5479 {
5480         struct fio_keyword *kw;
5481
5482         kw = &fio_keywords[0];
5483         while (kw->word) {
5484                 free(kw->replace);
5485                 kw->replace = NULL;
5486                 kw++;
5487         }
5488 }
5489
5490 void fio_keywords_init(void)
5491 {
5492         unsigned long long mb_memory;
5493         char buf[128];
5494         long l;
5495
5496         sprintf(buf, "%lu", (unsigned long) page_size);
5497         fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
5498
5499         mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / (1024 * 1024);
5500         sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
5501         fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
5502
5503         l = cpus_configured();
5504         sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
5505         fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
5506 }
5507
5508 #define BC_APP          "bc"
5509
5510 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
5511 {
5512         char buf[128], *tmp;
5513         FILE *f;
5514         int ret;
5515
5516         /*
5517          * No math, just return string
5518          */
5519         if ((!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
5520              !strchr(str, '/')) || strchr(str, '\''))
5521                 return str;
5522
5523         /*
5524          * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
5525          */
5526         tmp = strchr(str, '=');
5527         if (!tmp)
5528                 return str;
5529
5530         tmp++;
5531
5532         /*
5533          * Prevent buffer overflows; such a case isn't reasonable anyway
5534          */
5535         if (strlen(str) >= 128 || strlen(tmp) > 100)
5536                 return str;
5537
5538         sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
5539         if (system(buf)) {
5540                 log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
5541                 return NULL;
5542         }
5543
5544         sprintf(buf, "echo '%s' | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
5545         f = popen(buf, "r");
5546         if (!f)
5547                 return NULL;
5548
5549         ret = fread(&buf[tmp - str], 1, 128 - (tmp - str), f);
5550         if (ret <= 0) {
5551                 pclose(f);
5552                 return NULL;
5553         }
5554
5555         pclose(f);
5556         buf[(tmp - str) + ret - 1] = '\0';
5557         memcpy(buf, str, tmp - str);
5558         free(str);
5559         return strdup(buf);
5560 }
5561
5562 /*
5563  * Return a copy of the input string with substrings of the form ${VARNAME}
5564  * substituted with the value of the environment variable VARNAME.  The
5565  * substitution always occurs, even if VARNAME is empty or the corresponding
5566  * environment variable undefined.
5567  */
5568 char *fio_option_dup_subs(const char *opt)
5569 {
5570         char out[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
5571         char in[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
5572         char *outptr = out;
5573         char *inptr = in;
5574         char *ch1, *ch2, *env;
5575         ssize_t nchr = OPT_LEN_MAX;
5576         size_t envlen;
5577
5578         if (strlen(opt) + 1 > OPT_LEN_MAX) {
5579                 log_err("OPT_LEN_MAX (%d) is too small\n", OPT_LEN_MAX);
5580                 return NULL;
5581         }
5582
5583         snprintf(in, sizeof(in), "%s", opt);
5584
5585         while (*inptr && nchr > 0) {
5586                 if (inptr[0] == '$' && inptr[1] == '{') {
5587                         ch2 = strchr(inptr, '}');
5588                         if (ch2 && inptr+1 < ch2) {
5589                                 ch1 = inptr+2;
5590                                 inptr = ch2+1;
5591                                 *ch2 = '\0';
5592
5593                                 env = getenv(ch1);
5594                                 if (env) {
5595                                         envlen = strlen(env);
5596                                         if (envlen <= nchr) {
5597                                                 memcpy(outptr, env, envlen);
5598                                                 outptr += envlen;
5599                                                 nchr -= envlen;
5600                                         }
5601                                 }
5602
5603                                 continue;
5604                         }
5605                 }
5606
5607                 *outptr++ = *inptr++;
5608                 --nchr;
5609         }
5610
5611         *outptr = '\0';
5612         return strdup(out);
5613 }
5614
5615 /*
5616  * Look for reserved variable names and replace them with real values
5617  */
5618 static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
5619 {
5620         char *s;
5621         int i;
5622         int docalc = 0;
5623
5624         for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
5625                 struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
5626
5627                 while ((s = strstr(opt, kw->word)) != NULL) {
5628                         char *new = calloc(strlen(opt) + 1, 1);
5629                         char *o_org = opt;
5630                         int olen = s - opt;
5631                         int len;
5632
5633                         /*
5634                          * Copy part of the string before the keyword and
5635                          * sprintf() the replacement after it.
5636                          */
5637                         memcpy(new, opt, olen);
5638                         len = sprintf(new + olen, "%s", kw->replace);
5639
5640                         /*
5641                          * If there's more in the original string, copy that
5642                          * in too
5643                          */
5644                         opt += olen + strlen(kw->word);
5645                         /* keeps final zero thanks to calloc */
5646                         if (strlen(opt))
5647                                 memcpy(new + olen + len, opt, strlen(opt));
5648
5649                         /*
5650                          * replace opt and free the old opt
5651                          */
5652                         opt = new;
5653                         free(o_org);
5654
5655                         docalc = 1;
5656                 }
5657         }
5658
5659         /*
5660          * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
5661          */
5662         if (docalc)
5663                 opt = bc_calc(opt);
5664
5665         return opt;
5666 }
5667
5668 static char **dup_and_sub_options(char **opts, int num_opts)
5669 {
5670         int i;
5671         char **opts_copy = malloc(num_opts * sizeof(*opts));
5672         for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
5673                 opts_copy[i] = fio_option_dup_subs(opts[i]);
5674                 if (!opts_copy[i])
5675                         continue;
5676                 opts_copy[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts_copy[i]);
5677         }
5678         return opts_copy;
5679 }
5680
5681 static void show_closest_option(const char *opt)
5682 {
5683         int best_option, best_distance;
5684         int i, distance;
5685         char *name;
5686
5687         if (!strlen(opt))
5688                 return;
5689
5690         name = strdup(opt);
5691         i = 0;
5692         while (name[i] != '\0' && name[i] != '=')
5693                 i++;
5694         name[i] = '\0';
5695
5696         best_option = -1;
5697         best_distance = INT_MAX;
5698         i = 0;
5699         while (fio_options[i].name) {
5700                 distance = string_distance(name, fio_options[i].name);
5701                 if (distance < best_distance) {
5702                         best_distance = distance;
5703                         best_option = i;
5704                 }
5705                 i++;
5706         }
5707
5708         if (best_option != -1 && string_distance_ok(name, best_distance) &&
5709             fio_options[best_option].type != FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED)
5710                 log_err("Did you mean %s?\n", fio_options[best_option].name);
5711
5712         free(name);
5713 }
5714
5715 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts)
5716 {
5717         int i, ret, unknown;
5718         char **opts_copy;
5719
5720         sort_options(opts, fio_options, num_opts);
5721         opts_copy = dup_and_sub_options(opts, num_opts);
5722
5723         for (ret = 0, i = 0, unknown = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
5724                 const struct fio_option *o;
5725                 int newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i], fio_options,
5726                                                 &o, &td->o, &td->opt_list);
5727
5728                 if (!newret && o)
5729                         fio_option_mark_set(&td->o, o);
5730
5731                 if (opts_copy[i]) {
5732                         if (newret && !o) {
5733                                 unknown++;
5734                                 continue;
5735                         }
5736                         free(opts_copy[i]);
5737                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
5738                 }
5739
5740                 ret |= newret;
5741         }
5742
5743         if (unknown) {
5744                 ret |= ioengine_load(td);
5745                 if (td->eo) {
5746                         sort_options(opts_copy, td->io_ops->options, num_opts);
5747                         opts = opts_copy;
5748                 }
5749                 for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
5750                         const struct fio_option *o = NULL;
5751                         int newret = 1;
5752
5753                         if (!opts_copy[i])
5754                                 continue;
5755
5756                         if (td->eo)
5757                                 newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i],
5758                                                       td->io_ops->options, &o,
5759                                                       td->eo, &td->opt_list);
5760
5761                         ret |= newret;
5762                         if (!o) {
5763                                 log_err("Bad option <%s>\n", opts[i]);
5764                                 show_closest_option(opts[i]);
5765                         }
5766                         free(opts_copy[i]);
5767                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
5768                 }
5769         }
5770
5771         free(opts_copy);
5772         return ret;
5773 }
5774
5775 int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
5776 {
5777         int ret;
5778
5779         ret = parse_cmd_option(opt, val, fio_options, &td->o, &td->opt_list);
5780         if (!ret) {
5781                 const struct fio_option *o;
5782
5783                 o = find_option_c(fio_options, opt);
5784                 if (o)
5785                         fio_option_mark_set(&td->o, o);
5786         }
5787
5788         return ret;
5789 }
5790
5791 int fio_cmd_ioengine_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt,
5792                                 char *val)
5793 {
5794         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, td->io_ops->options, td->eo,
5795                                         &td->opt_list);
5796 }
5797
5798 void fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data *td)
5799 {
5800         td->o.magic = OPT_MAGIC;
5801         fill_default_options(&td->o, fio_options);
5802 }
5803
5804 int fio_show_option_help(const char *opt)
5805 {
5806         return show_cmd_help(fio_options, opt);
5807 }
5808
5809 /*
5810  * dupe FIO_OPT_STR_STORE options
5811  */
5812 void fio_options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
5813 {
5814         options_mem_dupe(fio_options, &td->o);
5815
5816         if (td->eo && td->io_ops) {
5817                 void *oldeo = td->eo;
5818
5819                 td->eo = malloc(td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
5820                 memcpy(td->eo, oldeo, td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
5821                 options_mem_dupe(td->io_ops->options, td->eo);
5822         }
5823 }
5824
5825 unsigned int fio_get_kb_base(void *data)
5826 {
5827         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
5828         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
5829         unsigned int kb_base = 0;
5830
5831         /*
5832          * This is a hack... For private options, *data is not holding
5833          * a pointer to the thread_options, but to private data. This means
5834          * we can't safely dereference it, but magic is first so mem wise
5835          * it is valid. But this also means that if the job first sets
5836          * kb_base and expects that to be honored by private options,
5837          * it will be disappointed. We will return the global default
5838          * for this.
5839          */
5840         if (o && o->magic == OPT_MAGIC)
5841                 kb_base = o->kb_base;
5842         if (!kb_base)
5843                 kb_base = 1024;
5844
5845         return kb_base;
5846 }
5847
5848 int add_option(const struct fio_option *o)
5849 {
5850         struct fio_option *__o;
5851         int opt_index = 0;
5852
5853         __o = fio_options;
5854         while (__o->name) {
5855                 opt_index++;
5856                 __o++;
5857         }
5858
5859         if (opt_index + 1 == FIO_MAX_OPTS) {
5860                 log_err("fio: FIO_MAX_OPTS is too small\n");
5861                 return 1;
5862         }
5863
5864         memcpy(&fio_options[opt_index], o, sizeof(*o));
5865         fio_options[opt_index + 1].name = NULL;
5866         return 0;
5867 }
5868
5869 void invalidate_profile_options(const char *prof_name)
5870 {
5871         struct fio_option *o;
5872
5873         o = fio_options;
5874         while (o->name) {
5875                 if (o->prof_name && !strcmp(o->prof_name, prof_name)) {
5876                         o->type = FIO_OPT_INVALID;
5877                         o->prof_name = NULL;
5878                 }
5879                 o++;
5880         }
5881 }
5882
5883 void add_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival, const char *help)
5884 {
5885         struct fio_option *o;
5886         unsigned int i;
5887
5888         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
5889         if (!o)
5890                 return;
5891
5892         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
5893                 if (o->posval[i].ival)
5894                         continue;
5895
5896                 o->posval[i].ival = ival;
5897                 o->posval[i].help = help;
5898                 break;
5899         }
5900 }
5901
5902 void del_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival)
5903 {
5904         struct fio_option *o;
5905         unsigned int i;
5906
5907         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
5908         if (!o)
5909                 return;
5910
5911         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
5912                 if (!o->posval[i].ival)
5913                         continue;
5914                 if (strcmp(o->posval[i].ival, ival))
5915                         continue;
5916
5917                 o->posval[i].ival = NULL;
5918                 o->posval[i].help = NULL;
5919         }
5920 }
5921
5922 void fio_options_free(struct thread_data *td)
5923 {
5924         options_free(fio_options, &td->o);
5925         if (td->eo && td->io_ops && td->io_ops->options) {
5926                 options_free(td->io_ops->options, td->eo);
5927                 free(td->eo);
5928                 td->eo = NULL;
5929         }
5930 }
5931
5932 void fio_dump_options_free(struct thread_data *td)
5933 {
5934         while (!flist_empty(&td->opt_list)) {
5935                 struct print_option *p;
5936
5937                 p = flist_first_entry(&td->opt_list, struct print_option, list);
5938                 flist_del_init(&p->list);
5939                 free(p->name);
5940                 free(p->value);
5941                 free(p);
5942         }
5943 }
5944
5945 struct fio_option *fio_option_find(const char *name)
5946 {
5947         return find_option(fio_options, name);
5948 }
5949
5950 static struct fio_option *find_next_opt(struct fio_option *from,
5951                                         unsigned int off1)
5952 {
5953         struct fio_option *opt;
5954
5955         if (!from)
5956                 from = &fio_options[0];
5957         else
5958                 from++;
5959
5960         opt = NULL;
5961         do {
5962                 if (off1 == from->off1) {
5963                         opt = from;
5964                         break;
5965                 }
5966                 from++;
5967         } while (from->name);
5968
5969         return opt;
5970 }
5971
5972 static int opt_is_set(struct thread_options *o, struct fio_option *opt)
5973 {
5974         unsigned int opt_off, index, offset;
5975
5976         opt_off = opt - &fio_options[0];
5977         index = opt_off / (8 * sizeof(uint64_t));
5978         offset = opt_off & ((8 * sizeof(uint64_t)) - 1);
5979         return (o->set_options[index] & ((uint64_t)1 << offset)) != 0;
5980 }
5981
5982 bool __fio_option_is_set(struct thread_options *o, unsigned int off1)
5983 {
5984         struct fio_option *opt, *next;
5985
5986         next = NULL;
5987         while ((opt = find_next_opt(next, off1)) != NULL) {
5988                 if (opt_is_set(o, opt))
5989                         return true;
5990
5991                 next = opt;
5992         }
5993
5994         return false;
5995 }
5996
5997 void fio_option_mark_set(struct thread_options *o, const struct fio_option *opt)
5998 {
5999         unsigned int opt_off, index, offset;
6000
6001         opt_off = opt - &fio_options[0];
6002         index = opt_off / (8 * sizeof(uint64_t));
6003         offset = opt_off & ((8 * sizeof(uint64_t)) - 1);
6004         o->set_options[index] |= (uint64_t)1 << offset;
6005 }