options.c

   1 #include <stdio.h>
   2 #include <stdlib.h>
   3 #include <unistd.h>
   4 #include <ctype.h>
   5 #include <string.h>
   6 #include <getopt.h>
   7 #include <assert.h>
   8 #include <libgen.h>
   9 #include <fcntl.h>
  10 #include <sys/types.h>
  11 #include <sys/stat.h>
  12
  13 #include "fio.h"
  14 #include "verify.h"
  15 #include "parse.h"
  16 #include "lib/fls.h"
  17 #include "options.h"
  18
  19 /*
  20  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
  21  */
  22 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
  23 {
  24         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
  25
  26         if (!p)
  27                 return NULL;
  28
  29         p++;
  30         strip_blank_front(&p);
  31         strip_blank_end(p);
  32         return strdup(p);
  33 }
  34
  35 static int converthexchartoint(char a)
  36 {
  37         int base;
  38
  39         switch(a) {
  40         case '0'...'9':
  41                 base = '0';
  42                 break;
  43         case 'A'...'F':
  44                 base = 'A' - 10;
  45                 break;
  46         case 'a'...'f':
  47                 base = 'a' - 10;
  48                 break;
  49         default:
  50                 base = 0;
  51         }
  52         return (a - base);
  53 }
  54
  55 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  56 {
  57         const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
  58         const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
  59
  60         return bsp1->perc < bsp2->perc;
  61 }
  62
  63 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_data *td, int ddir, char *str)
  64 {
  65         struct bssplit *bssplit;
  66         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
  67         unsigned int max_bs, min_bs;
  68         long long val;
  69         char *fname;
  70
  71         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] = 4;
  72         bssplit = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  73
  74         i = 0;
  75         max_bs = 0;
  76         min_bs = -1;
  77         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
  78                 char *perc_str;
  79
  80                 if (!strlen(fname))
  81                         break;
  82
  83                 /*
  84                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
  85                  */
  86                 if (i == td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]) {
  87                         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] <<= 1;
  88                         bssplit = realloc(bssplit, td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]
  89                                                   * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  90                 }
  91
  92                 perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
  93                 if (perc_str) {
  94                         *perc_str = '\0';
  95                         perc_str++;
  96                         perc = atoi(perc_str);
  97                         if (perc > 100)
  98                                 perc = 100;
  99                         else if (!perc)
 100                                 perc = -1;
 101                 } else
 102                         perc = -1;
 103
 104                 if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, td)) {
 105                         log_err("fio: bssplit conversion failed\n");
 106                         free(td->o.bssplit);
 107                         return 1;
 108                 }
 109
 110                 if (val > max_bs)
 111                         max_bs = val;
 112                 if (val < min_bs)
 113                         min_bs = val;
 114
 115                 bssplit[i].bs = val;
 116                 bssplit[i].perc = perc;
 117                 i++;
 118         }
 119
 120         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] = i;
 121
 122         /*
 123          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 124          */
 125         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 126         for (i = 0; i < td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 127                 struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 128
 129                 if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 130                         perc_missing++;
 131                 else
 132                         perc += bsp->perc;
 133         }
 134
 135         if (perc > 100) {
 136                 log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 137                 free(bssplit);
 138                 return 1;
 139         }
 140         /*
 141          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 142          * them.
 143          */
 144         if (perc_missing) {
 145                 for (i = 0; i < td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 146                         struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 147
 148                         if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 149                                 bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 150                 }
 151         }
 152
 153         td->o.min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
 154         td->o.max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
 155
 156         /*
 157          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 158          */
 159         qsort(bssplit, td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
 160         td->o.bssplit[ddir] = bssplit;
 161         return 0;
 162
 163 }
 164
 165 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 166 {
 167         struct thread_data *td = data;
 168         char *str, *p, *odir;
 169         int ret = 0;
 170
 171         p = str = strdup(input);
 172
 173         strip_blank_front(&str);
 174         strip_blank_end(str);
 175
 176         odir = strchr(str, ',');
 177         if (odir) {
 178                 ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1);
 179                 if (!ret) {
 180                         *odir = '\0';
 181                         ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_READ, str);
 182                 }
 183         } else {
 184                 char *op;
 185
 186                 op = strdup(str);
 187
 188                 ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_READ, str);
 189                 if (!ret)
 190                         ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_WRITE, op);
 191
 192                 free(op);
 193         }
 194
 195         free(p);
 196         return ret;
 197 }
 198
 199 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 200 {
 201         struct thread_data *td = data;
 202         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 203
 204         td->o.ddir_nr = 1;
 205         if (nr) {
 206                 td->o.ddir_nr = atoi(nr);
 207                 free(nr);
 208         }
 209
 210         return 0;
 211 }
 212
 213 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 214 {
 215         struct thread_data *td = data;
 216
 217         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAP) {
 218                 td->mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
 219                 if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE && !td->mmapfile) {
 220                         log_err("fio: mmaphuge:/path/to/file\n");
 221                         return 1;
 222                 }
 223         }
 224
 225         return 0;
 226 }
 227
 228 static int str_lockmem_cb(void fio_unused *data, unsigned long *val)
 229 {
 230         mlock_size = *val;
 231         return 0;
 232 }
 233
 234 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, unsigned int *val)
 235 {
 236         struct thread_data *td = data;
 237
 238         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
 239         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
 240         return 0;
 241 }
 242
 243 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, unsigned int *val)
 244 {
 245         struct thread_data *td = data;
 246
 247         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
 248         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
 249         return 0;
 250 }
 251
 252 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
 253 static int str_prioclass_cb(void *data, unsigned int *val)
 254 {
 255         struct thread_data *td = data;
 256         unsigned short mask;
 257
 258         /*
 259          * mask off old class bits, str_prio_cb() may have set a default class
 260          */
 261         mask = (1 << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT) - 1;
 262         td->ioprio &= mask;
 263
 264         td->ioprio |= *val << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT;
 265         td->ioprio_set = 1;
 266         return 0;
 267 }
 268
 269 static int str_prio_cb(void *data, unsigned int *val)
 270 {
 271         struct thread_data *td = data;
 272
 273         td->ioprio |= *val;
 274
 275         /*
 276          * If no class is set, assume BE
 277          */
 278         if ((td->ioprio >> IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT) == 0)
 279                 td->ioprio |= IOPRIO_CLASS_BE << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT;
 280
 281         td->ioprio_set = 1;
 282         return 0;
 283 }
 284 #endif
 285
 286 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
 287 {
 288         exitall_on_terminate = 1;
 289         return 0;
 290 }
 291
 292 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 293 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned int *val)
 294 {
 295         struct thread_data *td = data;
 296         unsigned int i;
 297         long max_cpu;
 298         int ret;
 299
 300         ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
 301         if (ret < 0) {
 302                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 303                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 304                 return 1;
 305         }
 306
 307         max_cpu = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
 308
 309         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
 310                 if ((1 << i) & *val) {
 311                         if (i > max_cpu) {
 312                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
 313                                                                 max_cpu);
 314                                 return 1;
 315                         }
 316                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
 317                         fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
 318                 }
 319         }
 320
 321         td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 322         return 0;
 323 }
 324
 325 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
 326                             const char *input)
 327 {
 328         char *cpu, *str, *p;
 329         long max_cpu;
 330         int ret = 0;
 331
 332         ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
 333         if (ret < 0) {
 334                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 335                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 336                 return 1;
 337         }
 338
 339         p = str = strdup(input);
 340
 341         strip_blank_front(&str);
 342         strip_blank_end(str);
 343
 344         max_cpu = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
 345
 346         while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
 347                 char *str2, *cpu2;
 348                 int icpu, icpu2;
 349
 350                 if (!strlen(cpu))
 351                         break;
 352
 353                 str2 = cpu;
 354                 icpu2 = -1;
 355                 while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
 356                         if (!strlen(cpu2))
 357                                 break;
 358
 359                         icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
 360                 }
 361
 362                 icpu = atoi(cpu);
 363                 if (icpu2 == -1)
 364                         icpu2 = icpu;
 365                 while (icpu <= icpu2) {
 366                         if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
 367                                 log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
 368                                         " %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
 369                                 ret = 1;
 370                                 break;
 371                         }
 372                         if (icpu > max_cpu) {
 373                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
 374                                                         icpu, max_cpu);
 375                                 ret = 1;
 376                                 break;
 377                         }
 378
 379                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
 380                         fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
 381                         icpu++;
 382                 }
 383                 if (ret)
 384                         break;
 385         }
 386
 387         free(p);
 388         if (!ret)
 389                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 390         return ret;
 391 }
 392
 393 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 394 {
 395         struct thread_data *td = data;
 396         int ret;
 397
 398         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
 399         if (!ret)
 400                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 401
 402         return ret;
 403 }
 404
 405 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 406 {
 407         struct thread_data *td = data;
 408         int ret;
 409
 410         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
 411         if (!ret)
 412                 td->o.verify_cpumask_set = 1;
 413
 414         return ret;
 415 }
 416 #endif
 417
 418 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 419 {
 420         struct thread_data *td = data;
 421         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 422
 423         td->file_service_nr = 1;
 424         if (nr) {
 425                 td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
 426                 free(nr);
 427         }
 428
 429         return 0;
 430 }
 431
 432 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 433 {
 434         struct thread_data *td = data;
 435         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 436
 437         td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
 438         if (nr) {
 439                 td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
 440                 free(nr);
 441         }
 442
 443         return 0;
 444 }
 445
 446 static int check_dir(struct thread_data *td, char *fname)
 447 {
 448         char file[PATH_MAX], *dir;
 449         int elen = 0;
 450
 451         if (td->o.directory) {
 452                 strcpy(file, td->o.directory);
 453                 strcat(file, "/");
 454                 elen = strlen(file);
 455         }
 456
 457         sprintf(file + elen, "%s", fname);
 458         dir = dirname(file);
 459
 460 #if 0
 461         {
 462         struct stat sb;
 463         /*
 464          * We can't do this on FIO_DISKLESSIO engines. The engine isn't loaded
 465          * yet, so we can't do this check right here...
 466          */
 467         if (lstat(dir, &sb) < 0) {
 468                 int ret = errno;
 469
 470                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dir);
 471                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 472                 return 1;
 473         }
 474
 475         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 476                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dir);
 477                 return 1;
 478         }
 479         }
 480 #endif
 481
 482         return 0;
 483 }
 484
 485 /*
 486  * Return next file in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
 487  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
 488  * indicate a new file.
 489  */
 490 static char *get_next_file_name(char **ptr)
 491 {
 492         char *str = *ptr;
 493         char *p, *start;
 494
 495         if (!str || !strlen(str))
 496                 return NULL;
 497
 498         start = str;
 499         do {
 500                 /*
 501                  * No colon, we are done
 502                  */
 503                 p = strchr(str, ':');
 504                 if (!p) {
 505                         *ptr = NULL;
 506                         break;
 507                 }
 508
 509                 /*
 510                  * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
 511                  * continue
 512                  */
 513                 if (p == start) {
 514                         str = ++start;
 515                         continue;
 516                 }
 517
 518                 if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
 519                         *p = '\0';
 520                         *ptr = p + 1;
 521                         break;
 522                 }
 523
 524                 memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
 525                 str = p;
 526         } while (1);
 527
 528         return start;
 529 }
 530
 531 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 532 {
 533         struct thread_data *td = data;
 534         char *fname, *str, *p;
 535
 536         p = str = strdup(input);
 537
 538         strip_blank_front(&str);
 539         strip_blank_end(str);
 540
 541         if (!td->files_index)
 542                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 543
 544         while ((fname = get_next_file_name(&str)) != NULL) {
 545                 if (!strlen(fname))
 546                         break;
 547                 if (check_dir(td, fname)) {
 548                         free(p);
 549                         return 1;
 550                 }
 551                 add_file(td, fname);
 552                 td->o.nr_files++;
 553         }
 554
 555         free(p);
 556         return 0;
 557 }
 558
 559 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 560 {
 561         struct thread_data *td = data;
 562         struct stat sb;
 563
 564         if (lstat(td->o.directory, &sb) < 0) {
 565                 int ret = errno;
 566
 567                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 568                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 569                 return 1;
 570         }
 571         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 572                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 573                 return 1;
 574         }
 575
 576         return 0;
 577 }
 578
 579 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 580 {
 581         struct thread_data *td = data;
 582
 583         if (!td->files_index)
 584                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 585
 586         return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
 587 }
 588
 589 static int str_verify_offset_cb(void *data, unsigned int *off)
 590 {
 591         struct thread_data *td = data;
 592
 593         if (*off && *off < sizeof(struct verify_header)) {
 594                 log_err("fio: verify_offset too small\n");
 595                 return 1;
 596         }
 597
 598         td->o.verify_offset = *off;
 599         return 0;
 600 }
 601
 602 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 603 {
 604         struct thread_data *td = data;
 605         long off;
 606         int i = 0, j = 0, len, k, base = 10;
 607         char* loc1, * loc2;
 608
 609         loc1 = strstr(input, "0x");
 610         loc2 = strstr(input, "0X");
 611         if (loc1 || loc2)
 612                 base = 16;
 613         off = strtol(input, NULL, base);
 614         if (off != LONG_MAX || errno != ERANGE) {
 615                 while (off) {
 616                         td->o.verify_pattern[i] = off & 0xff;
 617                         off >>= 8;
 618                         i++;
 619                 }
 620         } else {
 621                 len = strlen(input);
 622                 k = len - 1;
 623                 if (base == 16) {
 624                         if (loc1)
 625                                 j = loc1 - input + 2;
 626                         else
 627                                 j = loc2 - input + 2;
 628                 } else
 629                         return 1;
 630                 if (len - j < MAX_PATTERN_SIZE * 2) {
 631                         while (k >= j) {
 632                                 off = converthexchartoint(input[k--]);
 633                                 if (k >= j)
 634                                         off += (converthexchartoint(input[k--])
 635                                                 * 16);
 636                                 td->o.verify_pattern[i++] = (char) off;
 637                         }
 638                 }
 639         }
 640         td->o.verify_pattern_bytes = i;
 641         return 0;
 642 }
 643
 644 static int str_lockfile_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 645 {
 646         struct thread_data *td = data;
 647         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 648
 649         td->o.lockfile_batch = 1;
 650         if (nr) {
 651                 td->o.lockfile_batch = atoi(nr);
 652                 free(nr);
 653         }
 654
 655         return 0;
 656 }
 657
 658 static int str_write_bw_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 659 {
 660         struct thread_data *td = data;
 661
 662         if (str)
 663                 td->o.bw_log_file = strdup(str);
 664
 665         td->o.write_bw_log = 1;
 666         return 0;
 667 }
 668
 669 static int str_write_lat_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 670 {
 671         struct thread_data *td = data;
 672
 673         if (str)
 674                 td->o.lat_log_file = strdup(str);
 675
 676         td->o.write_lat_log = 1;
 677         return 0;
 678 }
 679
 680 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
 681 {
 682         struct thread_data *td = data;
 683         int val = *il;
 684
 685         td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
 686         td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
 687         td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
 688         if (val)
 689                 td->tv_cache_mask = 63;
 690
 691         return 0;
 692 }
 693
 694 static int str_gtod_cpu_cb(void *data, int *il)
 695 {
 696         struct thread_data *td = data;
 697         int val = *il;
 698
 699         td->o.gtod_cpu = val;
 700         td->o.gtod_offload = 1;
 701         return 0;
 702 }
 703
 704 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 705 {
 706         struct thread_data *td = data;
 707
 708         if (read_only && td_write(td)) {
 709                 log_err("fio: job <%s> has write bit set, but fio is in"
 710                         " read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
 711                 return 1;
 712         }
 713
 714         return 0;
 715 }
 716
 717 static int gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 718 {
 719 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 720         struct thread_data *td = data;
 721
 722         if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
 723                 log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
 724                         "gettimeofday() offloading\n");
 725                 return 1;
 726         }
 727 #endif
 728
 729         return 0;
 730 }
 731
 732 static int kb_base_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 733 {
 734         struct thread_data *td = data;
 735
 736         if (td->o.kb_base != 1024 && td->o.kb_base != 1000) {
 737                 log_err("fio: kb_base set to nonsensical value: %u\n",
 738                                 td->o.kb_base);
 739                 return 1;
 740         }
 741
 742         return 0;
 743 }
 744
 745 #define __stringify_1(x)        #x
 746 #define __stringify(x)          __stringify_1(x)
 747
 748 /*
 749  * Map of job/command line options
 750  */
 751 static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
 752         {
 753                 .name   = "description",
 754                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 755                 .off1   = td_var_offset(description),
 756                 .help   = "Text job description",
 757         },
 758         {
 759                 .name   = "name",
 760                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 761                 .off1   = td_var_offset(name),
 762                 .help   = "Name of this job",
 763         },
 764         {
 765                 .name   = "directory",
 766                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 767                 .off1   = td_var_offset(directory),
 768                 .cb     = str_directory_cb,
 769                 .help   = "Directory to store files in",
 770         },
 771         {
 772                 .name   = "filename",
 773                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 774                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename),
 775                 .cb     = str_filename_cb,
 776                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
 777                 .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
 778         },
 779         {
 780                 .name   = "kb_base",
 781                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 782                 .off1   = td_var_offset(kb_base),
 783                 .verify = kb_base_verify,
 784                 .prio   = 1,
 785                 .def    = "1024",
 786                 .help   = "How many bytes per KB for reporting (1000 or 1024)",
 787         },
 788         {
 789                 .name   = "lockfile",
 790                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
 791                 .cb     = str_lockfile_cb,
 792                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_lock_mode),
 793                 .help   = "Lock file when doing IO to it",
 794                 .parent = "filename",
 795                 .def    = "none",
 796                 .posval = {
 797                           { .ival = "none",
 798                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
 799                             .help = "No file locking",
 800                           },
 801                           { .ival = "exclusive",
 802                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
 803                             .help = "Exclusive file lock",
 804                           },
 805                           {
 806                             .ival = "readwrite",
 807                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
 808                             .help = "Read vs write lock",
 809                           },
 810                 },
 811         },
 812         {
 813                 .name   = "opendir",
 814                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 815                 .off1   = td_var_offset(opendir),
 816                 .cb     = str_opendir_cb,
 817                 .help   = "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
 818         },
 819         {
 820                 .name   = "rw",
 821                 .alias  = "readwrite",
 822                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
 823                 .cb     = str_rw_cb,
 824                 .off1   = td_var_offset(td_ddir),
 825                 .help   = "IO direction",
 826                 .def    = "read",
 827                 .verify = rw_verify,
 828                 .posval = {
 829                           { .ival = "read",
 830                             .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
 831                             .help = "Sequential read",
 832                           },
 833                           { .ival = "write",
 834                             .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
 835                             .help = "Sequential write",
 836                           },
 837                           { .ival = "randread",
 838                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
 839                             .help = "Random read",
 840                           },
 841                           { .ival = "randwrite",
 842                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
 843                             .help = "Random write",
 844                           },
 845                           { .ival = "rw",
 846                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
 847                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
 848                           },
 849                           { .ival = "randrw",
 850                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
 851                             .help = "Random read and write mix"
 852                           },
 853                 },
 854         },
 855         {
 856                 .name   = "ioengine",
 857                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 858                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioengine),
 859                 .help   = "IO engine to use",
 860                 .def    = "sync",
 861                 .posval = {
 862                           { .ival = "sync",
 863                             .help = "Use read/write",
 864                           },
 865                           { .ival = "psync",
 866                             .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
 867                           },
 868                           { .ival = "vsync",
 869                              .help = "Use readv/writev",
 870                           },
 871 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_LIBAIO
 872                           { .ival = "libaio",
 873                             .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
 874                           },
 875 #endif
 876 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_POSIXAIO
 877                           { .ival = "posixaio",
 878                             .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
 879                           },
 880 #endif
 881 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SOLARISAIO
 882                           { .ival = "solarisaio",
 883                             .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
 884                           },
 885 #endif
 886                           { .ival = "mmap",
 887                             .help = "Memory mapped IO",
 888                           },
 889 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SPLICE
 890                           { .ival = "splice",
 891                             .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
 892                           },
 893                           { .ival = "netsplice",
 894                             .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
 895                           },
 896 #endif
 897 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
 898                           { .ival = "sg",
 899                             .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
 900                           },
 901 #endif
 902                           { .ival = "null",
 903                             .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
 904                           },
 905                           { .ival = "net",
 906                             .help = "Network IO",
 907                           },
 908 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYSLET
 909                           { .ival = "syslet-rw",
 910                             .help = "syslet enabled async pread/pwrite IO",
 911                           },
 912 #endif
 913                           { .ival = "cpuio",
 914                             .help = "CPU cycler burner engine",
 915                           },
 916 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_GUASI
 917                           { .ival = "guasi",
 918                             .help = "GUASI IO engine",
 919                           },
 920 #endif
 921                           { .ival = "external",
 922                             .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
 923                           },
 924                 },
 925         },
 926         {
 927                 .name   = "iodepth",
 928                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 929                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth),
 930                 .help   = "Amount of IO buffers to keep in flight",
 931                 .minval = 1,
 932                 .def    = "1",
 933         },
 934         {
 935                 .name   = "iodepth_batch",
 936                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_submit",
 937                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 938                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch),
 939                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
 940                 .parent = "iodepth",
 941                 .minval = 1,
 942                 .def    = "1",
 943         },
 944         {
 945                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete",
 946                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 947                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch_complete),
 948                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
 949                 .parent = "iodepth",
 950                 .minval = 0,
 951                 .def    = "1",
 952         },
 953         {
 954                 .name   = "iodepth_low",
 955                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 956                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_low),
 957                 .help   = "Low water mark for queuing depth",
 958                 .parent = "iodepth",
 959         },
 960         {
 961                 .name   = "size",
 962                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
 963                 .off1   = td_var_offset(size),
 964                 .minval = 1,
 965                 .help   = "Total size of device or files",
 966         },
 967         {
 968                 .name   = "fill_device",
 969                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
 970                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fill_device),
 971                 .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
 972                 .def    = "0",
 973         },
 974         {
 975                 .name   = "filesize",
 976                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
 977                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_size_low),
 978                 .off2   = td_var_offset(file_size_high),
 979                 .minval = 1,
 980                 .help   = "Size of individual files",
 981         },
 982         {
 983                 .name   = "offset",
 984                 .alias  = "fileoffset",
 985                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
 986                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_offset),
 987                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset",
 988                 .def    = "0",
 989         },
 990         {
 991                 .name   = "bs",
 992                 .alias  = "blocksize",
 993                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 994                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_READ]),
 995                 .off2   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
 996                 .minval = 1,
 997                 .help   = "Block size unit",
 998                 .def    = "4k",
 999                 .parent = "rw",
1000         },
1001         {
1002                 .name   = "ba",
1003                 .alias  = "blockalign",
1004                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1005                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_READ]),
1006                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
1007                 .minval = 1,
1008                 .help   = "IO block offset alignment",
1009                 .parent = "rw",
1010         },
1011         {
1012                 .name   = "bsrange",
1013                 .alias  = "blocksize_range",
1014                 .type   = FIO_OPT_RANGE,
1015                 .off1   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1016                 .off2   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1017                 .off3   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1018                 .off4   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1019                 .minval = 1,
1020                 .help   = "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
1021                 .parent = "rw",
1022         },
1023         {
1024                 .name   = "bssplit",
1025                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1026                 .cb     = str_bssplit_cb,
1027                 .help   = "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
1028                 .parent = "rw",
1029         },
1030         {
1031                 .name   = "bs_unaligned",
1032                 .alias  = "blocksize_unaligned",
1033                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1034                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_unaligned),
1035                 .help   = "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
1036                 .parent = "rw",
1037         },
1038         {
1039                 .name   = "randrepeat",
1040                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1041                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rand_repeatable),
1042                 .help   = "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
1043                 .def    = "1",
1044                 .parent = "rw",
1045         },
1046         {
1047                 .name   = "norandommap",
1048                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1049                 .off1   = td_var_offset(norandommap),
1050                 .help   = "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
1051                 .parent = "rw",
1052         },
1053         {
1054                 .name   = "softrandommap",
1055                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1056                 .off1   = td_var_offset(softrandommap),
1057                 .help   = "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
1058                 .parent = "norandommap",
1059                 .def    = "0",
1060         },
1061         {
1062                 .name   = "nrfiles",
1063                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1064                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nr_files),
1065                 .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
1066                 .def    = "1",
1067         },
1068         {
1069                 .name   = "openfiles",
1070                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1071                 .off1   = td_var_offset(open_files),
1072                 .help   = "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
1073         },
1074         {
1075                 .name   = "file_service_type",
1076                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1077                 .cb     = str_fst_cb,
1078                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_service_type),
1079                 .help   = "How to select which file to service next",
1080                 .def    = "roundrobin",
1081                 .posval = {
1082                           { .ival = "random",
1083                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
1084                             .help = "Choose a file at random",
1085                           },
1086                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
1087                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
1088                             .help = "Round robin select files",
1089                           },
1090                           { .ival = "sequential",
1091                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
1092                             .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
1093                           },
1094                 },
1095                 .parent = "nrfiles",
1096         },
1097 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_FALLOCATE
1098         {
1099                 .name   = "fallocate",
1100                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1101                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fallocate),
1102                 .help   = "Use fallocate() when laying out files",
1103                 .def    = "1",
1104         },
1105 #endif
1106         {
1107                 .name   = "fadvise_hint",
1108                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1109                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fadvise_hint),
1110                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
1111                 .def    = "1",
1112         },
1113         {
1114                 .name   = "fsync",
1115                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1116                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_blocks),
1117                 .help   = "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
1118                 .def    = "0",
1119         },
1120         {
1121                 .name   = "fdatasync",
1122                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1123                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fdatasync_blocks),
1124                 .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
1125                 .def    = "0",
1126         },
1127 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
1128         {
1129                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
1130                 .posval = {
1131                           { .ival = "wait_before",
1132                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
1133                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
1134                           },
1135                           { .ival = "write",
1136                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
1137                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
1138                           },
1139                           {
1140                             .ival = "wait_after",
1141                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
1142                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
1143                           },
1144                 },
1145                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1146                 .cb     = str_sfr_cb,
1147                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_file_range),
1148                 .help   = "Use sync_file_range()",
1149         },
1150 #endif
1151         {
1152                 .name   = "direct",
1153                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1154                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1155                 .help   = "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
1156                 .def    = "0",
1157         },
1158         {
1159                 .name   = "buffered",
1160                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1161                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1162                 .neg    = 1,
1163                 .help   = "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
1164                 .def    = "1",
1165         },
1166         {
1167                 .name   = "overwrite",
1168                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1169                 .off1   = td_var_offset(overwrite),
1170                 .help   = "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
1171                 .def    = "0",
1172         },
1173         {
1174                 .name   = "loops",
1175                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1176                 .off1   = td_var_offset(loops),
1177                 .help   = "Number of times to run the job",
1178                 .def    = "1",
1179         },
1180         {
1181                 .name   = "numjobs",
1182                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1183                 .off1   = td_var_offset(numjobs),
1184                 .help   = "Duplicate this job this many times",
1185                 .def    = "1",
1186         },
1187         {
1188                 .name   = "startdelay",
1189                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1190                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_delay),
1191                 .help   = "Only start job when this period has passed",
1192                 .def    = "0",
1193         },
1194         {
1195                 .name   = "runtime",
1196                 .alias  = "timeout",
1197                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1198                 .off1   = td_var_offset(timeout),
1199                 .help   = "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
1200                 .def    = "0",
1201         },
1202         {
1203                 .name   = "time_based",
1204                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1205                 .off1   = td_var_offset(time_based),
1206                 .help   = "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
1207         },
1208         {
1209                 .name   = "ramp_time",
1210                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1211                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ramp_time),
1212                 .help   = "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
1213         },
1214         {
1215                 .name   = "mem",
1216                 .alias  = "iomem",
1217                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1218                 .cb     = str_mem_cb,
1219                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_type),
1220                 .help   = "Backing type for IO buffers",
1221                 .def    = "malloc",
1222                 .posval = {
1223                           { .ival = "malloc",
1224                             .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
1225                             .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
1226                           },
1227                           { .ival = "shm",
1228                             .oval = MEM_SHM,
1229                             .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
1230                           },
1231 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
1232                           { .ival = "shmhuge",
1233                             .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
1234                             .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
1235                           },
1236 #endif
1237                           { .ival = "mmap",
1238                             .oval = MEM_MMAP,
1239                             .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
1240                           },
1241 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
1242                           { .ival = "mmaphuge",
1243                             .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
1244                             .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
1245                           },
1246 #endif
1247                   },
1248         },
1249         {
1250                 .name   = "iomem_align",
1251                 .alias  = "mem_align",
1252                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1253                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_align),
1254                 .minval = 0,
1255                 .help   = "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
1256                 .def    = "0",
1257                 .parent = "iomem",
1258         },
1259         {
1260                 .name   = "verify",
1261                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1262                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify),
1263                 .help   = "Verify data written",
1264                 .def    = "0",
1265                 .posval = {
1266                           { .ival = "0",
1267                             .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
1268                             .help = "Don't do IO verification",
1269                           },
1270                           { .ival = "md5",
1271                             .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
1272                             .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
1273                           },
1274                           { .ival = "crc64",
1275                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
1276                             .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
1277                           },
1278                           { .ival = "crc32",
1279                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
1280                             .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
1281                           },
1282                           { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
1283                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C_INTEL,
1284                             .help = "Use hw crc32c checksums for verification",
1285                           },
1286                           { .ival = "crc32c",
1287                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
1288                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification",
1289                           },
1290                           { .ival = "crc16",
1291                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
1292                             .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
1293                           },
1294                           { .ival = "crc7",
1295                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
1296                             .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
1297                           },
1298                           { .ival = "sha1",
1299                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
1300                             .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
1301                           },
1302                           { .ival = "sha256",
1303                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
1304                             .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
1305                           },
1306                           { .ival = "sha512",
1307                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
1308                             .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
1309                           },
1310                           { .ival = "meta",
1311                             .oval = VERIFY_META,
1312                             .help = "Use io information",
1313                           },
1314                           {
1315                             .ival = "null",
1316                             .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
1317                             .help = "Pretend to verify",
1318                           },
1319                 },
1320         },
1321         {
1322                 .name   = "do_verify",
1323                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1324                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_verify),
1325                 .help   = "Run verification stage after write",
1326                 .def    = "1",
1327                 .parent = "verify",
1328         },
1329         {
1330                 .name   = "verifysort",
1331                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1332                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort),
1333                 .help   = "Sort written verify blocks for read back",
1334                 .def    = "1",
1335                 .parent = "verify",
1336         },
1337         {
1338                 .name   = "verify_interval",
1339                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1340                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_interval),
1341                 .minval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
1342                 .help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
1343                 .parent = "verify",
1344         },
1345         {
1346                 .name   = "verify_offset",
1347                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1348                 .help   = "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
1349                 .def    = "0",
1350                 .cb     = str_verify_offset_cb,
1351                 .parent = "verify",
1352         },
1353         {
1354                 .name   = "verify_pattern",
1355                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1356                 .cb     = str_verify_pattern_cb,
1357                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
1358                 .parent = "verify",
1359         },
1360         {
1361                 .name   = "verify_fatal",
1362                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1363                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_fatal),
1364                 .def    = "0",
1365                 .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
1366                 .parent = "verify",
1367         },
1368         {
1369                 .name   = "verify_async",
1370                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1371                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_async),
1372                 .def    = "0",
1373                 .help   = "Number of async verifier threads to use",
1374                 .parent = "verify",
1375         },
1376 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1377         {
1378                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
1379                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1380                 .cb     = str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
1381                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
1382                 .parent = "verify_async",
1383         },
1384 #endif
1385         {
1386                 .name   = "write_iolog",
1387                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1388                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_iolog_file),
1389                 .help   = "Store IO pattern to file",
1390         },
1391         {
1392                 .name   = "read_iolog",
1393                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1394                 .off1   = td_var_offset(read_iolog_file),
1395                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern from file",
1396         },
1397         {
1398                 .name   = "exec_prerun",
1399                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1400                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_prerun),
1401                 .help   = "Execute this file prior to running job",
1402         },
1403         {
1404                 .name   = "exec_postrun",
1405                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1406                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_postrun),
1407                 .help   = "Execute this file after running job",
1408         },
1409 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
1410         {
1411                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
1412                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1413                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioscheduler),
1414                 .help   = "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
1415         },
1416 #endif
1417         {
1418                 .name   = "zonesize",
1419                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1420                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_size),
1421                 .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
1422                 .def    = "0",
1423         },
1424         {
1425                 .name   = "zoneskip",
1426                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1427                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_skip),
1428                 .help   = "Space between IO zones",
1429                 .def    = "0",
1430         },
1431         {
1432                 .name   = "lockmem",
1433                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1434                 .cb     = str_lockmem_cb,
1435                 .help   = "Lock down this amount of memory",
1436                 .def    = "0",
1437         },
1438         {
1439                 .name   = "rwmixread",
1440                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1441                 .cb     = str_rwmix_read_cb,
1442                 .maxval = 100,
1443                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
1444                 .def    = "50",
1445         },
1446         {
1447                 .name   = "rwmixwrite",
1448                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1449                 .cb     = str_rwmix_write_cb,
1450                 .maxval = 100,
1451                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
1452                 .def    = "50",
1453         },
1454         {
1455                 .name   = "rwmixcycle",
1456                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
1457         },
1458         {
1459                 .name   = "nice",
1460                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1461                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nice),
1462                 .help   = "Set job CPU nice value",
1463                 .minval = -19,
1464                 .maxval = 20,
1465                 .def    = "0",
1466         },
1467 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
1468         {
1469                 .name   = "prio",
1470                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1471                 .cb     = str_prio_cb,
1472                 .help   = "Set job IO priority value",
1473                 .minval = 0,
1474                 .maxval = 7,
1475         },
1476         {
1477                 .name   = "prioclass",
1478                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1479                 .cb     = str_prioclass_cb,
1480                 .help   = "Set job IO priority class",
1481                 .minval = 0,
1482                 .maxval = 3,
1483         },
1484 #endif
1485         {
1486                 .name   = "thinktime",
1487                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1488                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime),
1489                 .help   = "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
1490                 .def    = "0",
1491         },
1492         {
1493                 .name   = "thinktime_spin",
1494                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1495                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_spin),
1496                 .help   = "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
1497                 .def    = "0",
1498                 .parent = "thinktime",
1499         },
1500         {
1501                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks",
1502                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1503                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_blocks),
1504                 .help   = "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
1505                 .def    = "1",
1506                 .parent = "thinktime",
1507         },
1508         {
1509                 .name   = "rate",
1510                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1511                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate[0]),
1512                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate[1]),
1513                 .help   = "Set bandwidth rate",
1514         },
1515         {
1516                 .name   = "ratemin",
1517                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1518                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratemin[0]),
1519                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ratemin[1]),
1520                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
1521                 .parent = "rate",
1522         },
1523         {
1524                 .name   = "rate_iops",
1525                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1526                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[0]),
1527                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[1]),
1528                 .help   = "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
1529         },
1530         {
1531                 .name   = "rate_iops_min",
1532                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1533                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[0]),
1534                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[1]),
1535                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
1536                 .parent = "rate_iops",
1537         },
1538         {
1539                 .name   = "ratecycle",
1540                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1541                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratecycle),
1542                 .help   = "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
1543                 .def    = "1000",
1544                 .parent = "rate",
1545         },
1546         {
1547                 .name   = "invalidate",
1548                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1549                 .off1   = td_var_offset(invalidate_cache),
1550                 .help   = "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
1551                 .def    = "1",
1552         },
1553         {
1554                 .name   = "sync",
1555                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1556                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_io),
1557                 .help   = "Use O_SYNC for buffered writes",
1558                 .def    = "0",
1559                 .parent = "buffered",
1560         },
1561         {
1562                 .name   = "bwavgtime",
1563                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1564                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_avg_time),
1565                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
1566                           " (msec)",
1567                 .def    = "500",
1568         },
1569         {
1570                 .name   = "create_serialize",
1571                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1572                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_serialize),
1573                 .help   = "Serialize creating of job files",
1574                 .def    = "1",
1575         },
1576         {
1577                 .name   = "create_fsync",
1578                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1579                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_fsync),
1580                 .help   = "Fsync file after creation",
1581                 .def    = "1",
1582         },
1583         {
1584                 .name   = "create_on_open",
1585                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1586                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_on_open),
1587                 .help   = "Create files when they are opened for IO",
1588                 .def    = "0",
1589         },
1590         {
1591                 .name   = "pre_read",
1592                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1593                 .off1   = td_var_offset(pre_read),
1594                 .help   = "Preread files before starting official testing",
1595                 .def    = "0",
1596         },
1597         {
1598                 .name   = "cpuload",
1599                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1600                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cpuload),
1601                 .help   = "Use this percentage of CPU",
1602         },
1603         {
1604                 .name   = "cpuchunks",
1605                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1606                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cpucycle),
1607                 .help   = "Length of the CPU burn cycles (usecs)",
1608                 .def    = "50000",
1609                 .parent = "cpuload",
1610         },
1611 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1612         {
1613                 .name   = "cpumask",
1614                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1615                 .cb     = str_cpumask_cb,
1616                 .help   = "CPU affinity mask",
1617         },
1618         {
1619                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
1620                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1621                 .cb     = str_cpus_allowed_cb,
1622                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed",
1623         },
1624 #endif
1625         {
1626                 .name   = "end_fsync",
1627                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1628                 .off1   = td_var_offset(end_fsync),
1629                 .help   = "Include fsync at the end of job",
1630                 .def    = "0",
1631         },
1632         {
1633                 .name   = "fsync_on_close",
1634                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1635                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_on_close),
1636                 .help   = "fsync files on close",
1637                 .def    = "0",
1638         },
1639         {
1640                 .name   = "unlink",
1641                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1642                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unlink),
1643                 .help   = "Unlink created files after job has completed",
1644                 .def    = "0",
1645         },
1646         {
1647                 .name   = "exitall",
1648                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1649                 .cb     = str_exitall_cb,
1650                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
1651         },
1652         {
1653                 .name   = "stonewall",
1654                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1655                 .off1   = td_var_offset(stonewall),
1656                 .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
1657         },
1658         {
1659                 .name   = "new_group",
1660                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1661                 .off1   = td_var_offset(new_group),
1662                 .help   = "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
1663         },
1664         {
1665                 .name   = "thread",
1666                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1667                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_thread),
1668                 .help   = "Use threads instead of forks",
1669         },
1670         {
1671                 .name   = "write_bw_log",
1672                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1673                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_bw_log),
1674                 .cb     = str_write_bw_log_cb,
1675                 .help   = "Write log of bandwidth during run",
1676         },
1677         {
1678                 .name   = "write_lat_log",
1679                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1680                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_lat_log),
1681                 .cb     = str_write_lat_log_cb,
1682                 .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
1683         },
1684         {
1685                 .name   = "hugepage-size",
1686                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1687                 .off1   = td_var_offset(hugepage_size),
1688                 .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
1689                 .def    = __stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
1690         },
1691         {
1692                 .name   = "group_reporting",
1693                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1694                 .off1   = td_var_offset(group_reporting),
1695                 .help   = "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
1696         },
1697         {
1698                 .name   = "zero_buffers",
1699                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1700                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zero_buffers),
1701                 .help   = "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
1702         },
1703         {
1704                 .name   = "refill_buffers",
1705                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1706                 .off1   = td_var_offset(refill_buffers),
1707                 .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
1708         },
1709 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
1710         {
1711                 .name   = "disk_util",
1712                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1713                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_disk_util),
1714                 .help   = "Log disk utilization statistics",
1715                 .def    = "1",
1716         },
1717 #endif
1718         {
1719                 .name   = "gtod_reduce",
1720                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1721                 .help   = "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
1722                 .cb     = str_gtod_reduce_cb,
1723                 .def    = "0",
1724         },
1725         {
1726                 .name   = "disable_clat",
1727                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1728                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_clat),
1729                 .help   = "Disable completion latency numbers",
1730                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
1731                 .def    = "0",
1732         },
1733         {
1734                 .name   = "disable_slat",
1735                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1736                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_slat),
1737                 .help   = "Disable submissionn latency numbers",
1738                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
1739                 .def    = "0",
1740         },
1741         {
1742                 .name   = "disable_bw_measurement",
1743                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1744                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_bw),
1745                 .help   = "Disable bandwidth logging",
1746                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
1747                 .def    = "0",
1748         },
1749         {
1750                 .name   = "gtod_cpu",
1751                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1752                 .cb     = str_gtod_cpu_cb,
1753                 .help   = "Setup dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
1754                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
1755         },
1756         {
1757                 .name   = "continue_on_error",
1758                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1759                 .off1   = td_var_offset(continue_on_error),
1760                 .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during I/O",
1761                 .def    = "0",
1762         },
1763         {
1764                 .name   = "profile",
1765                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1766                 .off1   = td_var_offset(profile),
1767                 .help   = "Select a specific builtin performance test",
1768         },
1769         {
1770                 .name   = "cgroup",
1771                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1772                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup),
1773                 .help   = "Add job to cgroup of this name",
1774         },
1775         {
1776                 .name   = "cgroup_weight",
1777                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1778                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_weight),
1779                 .help   = "Use given weight for cgroup",
1780                 .minval = 100,
1781                 .maxval = 1000,
1782         },
1783         {
1784                 .name   = "uid",
1785                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1786                 .off1   = td_var_offset(uid),
1787                 .help   = "Run job with this user ID",
1788         },
1789         {
1790                 .name   = "gid",
1791                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1792                 .off1   = td_var_offset(gid),
1793                 .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
1794         },
1795         {
1796                 .name = NULL,
1797         },
1798 };
1799
1800 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o)
1801 {
1802         lopt->name = (char *) o->name;
1803         lopt->val = FIO_GETOPT_JOB;
1804         if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
1805                 lopt->has_arg = no_argument;
1806         else
1807                 lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
1808 }
1809
1810 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
1811 {
1812         struct fio_option *o;
1813         unsigned int i;
1814
1815         options_init(options);
1816
1817         i = 0;
1818         while (long_options[i].name)
1819                 i++;
1820
1821         o = &options[0];
1822         while (o->name) {
1823                 add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o);
1824
1825                 i++;
1826                 o++;
1827                 assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
1828         }
1829 }
1830
1831 struct fio_keyword {
1832         const char *word;
1833         const char *desc;
1834         char *replace;
1835 };
1836
1837 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
1838         {
1839                 .word   = "$pagesize",
1840                 .desc   = "Page size in the system",
1841         },
1842         {
1843                 .word   = "$mb_memory",
1844                 .desc   = "Megabytes of memory online",
1845         },
1846         {
1847                 .word   = "$ncpus",
1848                 .desc   = "Number of CPUs online in the system",
1849         },
1850         {
1851                 .word   = NULL,
1852         },
1853 };
1854
1855 void fio_keywords_init(void)
1856 {
1857         unsigned long long mb_memory;
1858         char buf[128];
1859         long l;
1860
1861         sprintf(buf, "%lu", page_size);
1862         fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
1863
1864         mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / page_size;
1865         sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
1866         fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
1867
1868         l = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
1869         sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
1870         fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
1871 }
1872
1873 #define BC_APP          "bc"
1874
1875 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
1876 {
1877         char *buf, *tmp, opt[80];
1878         FILE *f;
1879         int ret;
1880
1881         /*
1882          * No math, just return string
1883          */
1884         if (!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
1885             !strchr(str, '/'))
1886                 return str;
1887
1888         /*
1889          * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
1890          */
1891         tmp = strchr(str, '=');
1892         if (!tmp)
1893                 return str;
1894
1895         tmp++;
1896         memset(opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
1897         strncpy(opt, str, tmp - str);
1898
1899         buf = malloc(128);
1900
1901         sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
1902         if (system(buf)) {
1903                 log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
1904                 free(buf);
1905                 return NULL;
1906         }
1907
1908         sprintf(buf, "echo %s | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
1909         f = popen(buf, "r");
1910         if (!f) {
1911                 free(buf);
1912                 return NULL;
1913         }
1914
1915         ret = fread(buf, 1, 128, f);
1916         if (ret <= 0) {
1917                 free(buf);
1918                 return NULL;
1919         }
1920
1921         buf[ret - 1] = '\0';
1922         strcat(opt, buf);
1923         strcpy(buf, opt);
1924         pclose(f);
1925         free(str);
1926         return buf;
1927 }
1928
1929 /*
1930  * Look for reserved variable names and replace them with real values
1931  */
1932 static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
1933 {
1934         char *s;
1935         int i;
1936
1937         for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
1938                 struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
1939
1940                 while ((s = strstr(opt, kw->word)) != NULL) {
1941                         char *new = malloc(strlen(opt) + 1);
1942                         char *o_org = opt;
1943                         int olen = s - opt;
1944                         int len;
1945
1946                         /*
1947                          * Copy part of the string before the keyword and
1948                          * sprintf() the replacement after it.
1949                          */
1950                         memcpy(new, opt, olen);
1951                         len = sprintf(new + olen, "%s", kw->replace);
1952
1953                         /*
1954                          * If there's more in the original string, copy that
1955                          * in too
1956                          */
1957                         opt += strlen(kw->word) + olen;
1958                         if (strlen(opt))
1959                                 memcpy(new + olen + len, opt, opt - o_org - 1);
1960
1961                         /*
1962                          * replace opt and free the old opt
1963                          */
1964                         opt = new;
1965                         //free(o_org);
1966
1967                         /*
1968                          * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
1969                          */
1970                         opt = bc_calc(opt);
1971                 }
1972         }
1973
1974         return opt;
1975 }
1976
1977 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts)
1978 {
1979         int i, ret;
1980
1981         sort_options(opts, options, num_opts);
1982
1983         for (ret = 0, i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
1984                 opts[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts[i]);
1985                 ret |= parse_option(opts[i], options, td);
1986         }
1987
1988         return ret;
1989 }
1990
1991 int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
1992 {
1993         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, options, td);
1994 }
1995
1996 void fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data *td)
1997 {
1998         fill_default_options(td, options);
1999 }
2000
2001 int fio_show_option_help(const char *opt)
2002 {
2003         return show_cmd_help(options, opt);
2004 }
2005
2006 static void __options_mem(struct thread_data *td, int alloc)
2007 {
2008         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
2009         struct fio_option *opt;
2010         char **ptr;
2011         int i;
2012
2013         for (i = 0, opt = &options[0]; opt->name; i++, opt = &options[i]) {
2014                 if (opt->type != FIO_OPT_STR_STORE)
2015                         continue;
2016
2017                 ptr = (void *) o + opt->off1;
2018                 if (*ptr) {
2019                         if (alloc)
2020                                 *ptr = strdup(*ptr);
2021                         else {
2022                                 free(*ptr);
2023                                 *ptr = NULL;
2024                         }
2025                 }
2026         }
2027 }
2028
2029 /*
2030  * dupe FIO_OPT_STR_STORE options
2031  */
2032 void options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
2033 {
2034         __options_mem(td, 1);
2035 }
2036
2037 void options_mem_free(struct thread_data fio_unused *td)
2038 {
2039 #if 0
2040         __options_mem(td, 0);
2041 #endif
2042 }
2043
2044 unsigned int fio_get_kb_base(void *data)
2045 {
2046         struct thread_data *td = data;
2047         unsigned int kb_base = 0;
2048
2049         if (td)
2050                 kb_base = td->o.kb_base;
2051         if (!kb_base)
2052                 kb_base = 1024;
2053
2054         return kb_base;
2055 }
2056
2057 int add_option(struct fio_option *o)
2058 {
2059         struct fio_option *__o;
2060         int opt_index = 0;
2061
2062         __o = options;
2063         while (__o->name) {
2064                 opt_index++;
2065                 __o++;
2066         }
2067
2068         memcpy(&options[opt_index], o, sizeof(*o));
2069         return 0;
2070 }
2071
2072 void invalidate_profile_options(const char *prof_name)
2073 {
2074         struct fio_option *o;
2075
2076         o = options;
2077         while (o->name) {
2078                 if (o->prof_name && !strcmp(o->prof_name, prof_name)) {
2079                         o->type = FIO_OPT_INVALID;
2080                         o->prof_name = NULL;
2081                 }
2082                 o++;
2083         }
2084 }
2085
2086 void add_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival, const char *help)
2087 {
2088         struct fio_option *o;
2089         unsigned int i;
2090
2091         o = find_option(options, optname);
2092         if (!o)
2093                 return;
2094
2095         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
2096                 if (o->posval[i].ival)
2097                         continue;
2098
2099                 o->posval[i].ival = ival;
2100                 o->posval[i].help = help;
2101                 break;
2102         }
2103 }
2104
2105 void del_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival)
2106 {
2107         struct fio_option *o;
2108         unsigned int i;
2109
2110         o = find_option(options, optname);
2111         if (!o)
2112                 return;
2113
2114         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
2115                 if (!o->posval[i].ival)
2116                         continue;
2117                 if (strcmp(o->posval[i].ival, ival))
2118                         continue;
2119
2120                 o->posval[i].ival = NULL;
2121                 o->posval[i].help = NULL;
2122         }
2123 }