randomly hangs workloads until the timeout kicks in. Workloads, which from
userspace's perspective, do not contain a deadlock. In such a mixed fencing
architecture there is no single entity with knowledge of all dependencies.
-Thefore preventing such deadlocks from within the kernel is not possible.
+Therefore preventing such deadlocks from within the kernel is not possible.
The only solution to avoid dependencies loops is by not allowing indefinite
fences in the kernel. This means:
driver can ask for the pointer, maximum size and the currently used size of
the metadata and can directly update or read it.
- Becasue the DMA driver manages the memory area containing the metadata,
+ Because the DMA driver manages the memory area containing the metadata,
clients must make sure that they do not try to access or get the pointer
after their transfer completion callback has run for the descriptor.
If no completion callback has been defined for the transfer, then the
% cat /sys/module/dmatest/parameters/run
-To wait for test completion userpace can poll 'run' until it is false, or use
+To wait for test completion userspace can poll 'run' until it is false, or use
the wait parameter. Specifying 'wait=1' when loading the module causes module
initialization to pause until a test run has completed, while reading
/sys/module/dmatest/parameters/wait waits for any running test to complete
Introduction
---------------
-High Speed Syncronous Interface (HSI) is a fullduplex, low latency protocol,
+High Speed Synchronous Interface (HSI) is a full duplex, low latency protocol,
that is optimized for die-level interconnect between an Application Processor
and a Baseband chipset. It has been specified by the MIPI alliance in 2003 and
implemented by multiple vendors since then.
------------------
Each port automatically registers a generic client driver called hsi_char,
-which provides a charecter device for userspace representing the HSI port.
+which provides a character device for userspace representing the HSI port.
It can be used to communicate via HSI from userspace. Userspace may
configure the hsi_char device using the following ioctl commands:
used with mappings created by io_mapping_create_wc()
Temporary mappings are only valid in the context of the caller. The mapping
-is not guaranteed to be globaly visible.
+is not guaranteed to be globally visible.
io_mapping_map_local_wc() has a side effect on X86 32bit as it disables
migration to make the mapping code work. No caller can rely on this side
unsigned long offset)
This works like io_mapping_map_atomic/local_wc() except it has no side
-effects and the pointer is globaly visible.
+effects and the pointer is globally visible.
The mappings are released with::
2.3 new-device management
-------------------------
- A single lock: "no-new-dev" is used to co-ordinate the addition of
+ A single lock: "no-new-dev" is used to coordinate the addition of
new devices - this must be synchronized across the array.
Normally all nodes hold a concurrent-read lock on this device.
is organized as a simple write log. The log consists of 'meta data' and 'data'
pairs. The meta data describes the data. It also includes checksum and sequence
ID for recovery identification. Data can be IO data and parity data. Data is
-checksumed too. The checksum is stored in the meta data ahead of the data. The
+checksummed too. The checksum is stored in the meta data ahead of the data. The
checksum is an optimization because MD can write meta and data freely without
worry about the order. MD superblock has a field pointed to the valid meta data
of log head.
takes parameters at initialization that will dictate how the simulation
behaves.
-- Code reponsible for encoding a valid MPEG Transport Stream, which is then
+- Code responsible for encoding a valid MPEG Transport Stream, which is then
passed to the bridge driver. This fake stream contains some hardcoded content.
For now, we have a single, audio-only channel containing a single MPEG
Elementary Stream, which in turn contains a SMPTE 302m encoded sine-wave.
The demux kABI only controls front-ends regarding to their connections with
demuxes; the kABI used to set the other front-end parameters, such as
-tuning, are devined via the Digital TV Frontend kABI.
+tuning, are defined via the Digital TV Frontend kABI.
The functions that implement the abstract interface demux should be defined
static or module private and registered to the Demux core for external
hardware from applications. For complex devices, finer-grained control of the
device than what the video nodes offer may be required. In those cases, bridge
drivers that implement :ref:`the media controller API <media_controller>` may
-opt for making the subdevice operations directly accessible from userpace.
+opt for making the subdevice operations directly accessible from userspace.
Device nodes named ``v4l-subdev``\ *X* can be created in ``/dev`` to access
sub-devices directly. If a sub-device supports direct userspace configuration
as they expect to receive the appropriate state as a parameter. To help the
conversion of subdevice drivers to a managed active state without having to
convert all callers at the same time, an additional wrapper layer has been
-added to v4l2_subdev_call(), which handles the NULL case by geting and locking
+added to v4l2_subdev_call(), which handles the NULL case by getting and locking
the callee's active state with :c:func:`v4l2_subdev_lock_and_get_active_state()`,
and unlocking the state after the call.
MEI NFC
-------
-Some Intel 8 and 9 Serieses chipsets supports NFC devices connected behind
+Some Intel 8 and 9 Series chipsets support NFC devices connected behind
the Intel Management Engine controller.
MEI client bus exposes the NFC chips as NFC phy devices and enables
binding with Microread and NXP PN544 NFC device driver from the Linux NFC
Communication between the CPU and the chip often requires some link layer
protocol. Those are isolated as modules managed by the HCI layer. There are
-currently two modules : nop (raw transfert) and shdlc.
+currently two modules : nop (raw transfer) and shdlc.
A new llc must implement the following functions::
struct nfc_llc_ops {
Metadata stored on a DIMM device that partitions and identifies
(persistently names) capacity allocated to different PMEM namespaces. It
also indicates whether an address abstraction like a BTT is applied to
- the namepsace. Note that traditional partition tables, GPT/MBR, are
+ the namespace. Note that traditional partition tables, GPT/MBR, are
layered on top of a PMEM namespace, or an address abstraction like BTT
if present, but partition support is deprecated going forward.
6. Freeze
---------
The freeze operation does not require any keys. The security config can be
-frozen by a user with root privelege.
+frozen by a user with root privilege.
7. Disable
----------
Depending on the exact HW register design, some functions exposed by the
GPIO subsystem may call into the pinctrl subsystem in order to
-co-ordinate register settings across HW modules. In particular, this may
+coordinate register settings across HW modules. In particular, this may
be needed for HW with separate GPIO and pin controller HW modules, where
e.g. GPIO direction is determined by a register in the pin controller HW
module rather than the GPIO HW module.
The ``pldmfw`` library is intended to be used by device drivers for
implementing device flash update based on firmware files following the PLDM
-firwmare file format.
+firmware file format.
It is implemented using an ops table that allows device drivers to provide
the underlying device specific functionality.
Console Support
---------------
-The serial core provides a few helper functions. This includes identifing
+The serial core provides a few helper functions. This includes identifying
the correct port structure (via uart_get_console()) and decoding command line
arguments (uart_parse_options()).
its own CRC (over all payload bytes). If the payload is not present (i.e.
the frame has ``LEN=0``), the CRC of the payload is still present and will
evaluate to ``0xffff``. The |LEN| field does not include any of the CRCs, it
-equals the number of bytes inbetween the CRC of the frame and the CRC of the
+equals the number of bytes between the CRC of the frame and the CRC of the
payload.
Additionally, the following fixed two-byte sequences are used:
belong to the offlined CPUs will be terminated immediately.
Running as SCHED_FIFO and relatively high priority, also allows such
-scheme to work for both preemptable and non-preemptable kernels.
+scheme to work for both preemptible and non-preemptible kernels.
Alignment of idle time around jiffies ensures scalability for HZ
values. This effect can be better visualized using a Perf timechart.
The following diagram shows the behavior of kernel thread
4. Hub configuration
Linux currently supports several versions of this controller. In all
-likelyhood, the version in your SoC is already supported. At the time
+likelihood, the version in your SoC is already supported. At the time
of this writing, known tested versions range from 2.02a to 3.10a. As a
rule of thumb, anything above 2.02a should work reliably well.
"earlyprintk=xdbc"
If there are multiple xHCI controllers in your system, you can
-append a host contoller index to this kernel parameter. This
+append a host controller index to this kernel parameter. This
index starts from 0.
Current design doesn't support DbC runtime suspend/resume. As
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