1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
3 * linux/arch/arm/kernel/smp.c
5 * Copyright (C) 2002 ARM Limited, All Rights Reserved.
7 #include <linux/module.h>
8 #include <linux/delay.h>
9 #include <linux/init.h>
10 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
11 #include <linux/sched/mm.h>
12 #include <linux/sched/hotplug.h>
13 #include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
14 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
15 #include <linux/cache.h>
16 #include <linux/profile.h>
17 #include <linux/errno.h>
19 #include <linux/err.h>
20 #include <linux/cpu.h>
21 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
22 #include <linux/irq.h>
23 #include <linux/nmi.h>
24 #include <linux/percpu.h>
25 #include <linux/clockchips.h>
26 #include <linux/completion.h>
27 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
28 #include <linux/irq_work.h>
29 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
31 #include <linux/atomic.h>
34 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
36 #include <asm/cputype.h>
37 #include <asm/exception.h>
38 #include <asm/idmap.h>
39 #include <asm/topology.h>
40 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
41 #include <asm/procinfo.h>
42 #include <asm/processor.h>
43 #include <asm/sections.h>
44 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
45 #include <asm/ptrace.h>
46 #include <asm/smp_plat.h>
48 #include <asm/mach/arch.h>
51 #include <trace/events/ipi.h>
54 * as from 2.5, kernels no longer have an init_tasks structure
55 * so we need some other way of telling a new secondary core
56 * where to place its SVC stack
58 struct secondary_data secondary_data;
70 * CPU_BACKTRACE is special and not included in NR_IPI
71 * or tracable with trace_ipi_*
73 IPI_CPU_BACKTRACE = NR_IPI,
75 * SGI8-15 can be reserved by secure firmware, and thus may
76 * not be usable by the kernel. Please keep the above limited
77 * to at most 8 entries.
82 static int ipi_irq_base __read_mostly;
83 static int nr_ipi __read_mostly = NR_IPI;
84 static struct irq_desc *ipi_desc[MAX_IPI] __read_mostly;
86 static void ipi_setup(int cpu);
88 static DECLARE_COMPLETION(cpu_running);
90 static struct smp_operations smp_ops __ro_after_init;
92 void __init smp_set_ops(const struct smp_operations *ops)
98 static unsigned long get_arch_pgd(pgd_t *pgd)
100 #ifdef CONFIG_ARM_LPAE
101 return __phys_to_pfn(virt_to_phys(pgd));
103 return virt_to_phys(pgd);
107 #if defined(CONFIG_BIG_LITTLE) && defined(CONFIG_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR)
108 static int secondary_biglittle_prepare(unsigned int cpu)
110 if (!cpu_vtable[cpu])
111 cpu_vtable[cpu] = kzalloc(sizeof(*cpu_vtable[cpu]), GFP_KERNEL);
113 return cpu_vtable[cpu] ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
116 static void secondary_biglittle_init(void)
118 init_proc_vtable(lookup_processor(read_cpuid_id())->proc);
121 static int secondary_biglittle_prepare(unsigned int cpu)
126 static void secondary_biglittle_init(void)
131 int __cpu_up(unsigned int cpu, struct task_struct *idle)
135 if (!smp_ops.smp_boot_secondary)
138 ret = secondary_biglittle_prepare(cpu);
143 * We need to tell the secondary core where to find
144 * its stack and the page tables.
146 secondary_data.stack = task_stack_page(idle) + THREAD_START_SP;
147 #ifdef CONFIG_ARM_MPU
148 secondary_data.mpu_rgn_info = &mpu_rgn_info;
152 secondary_data.pgdir = virt_to_phys(idmap_pgd);
153 secondary_data.swapper_pg_dir = get_arch_pgd(swapper_pg_dir);
155 secondary_data.task = idle;
156 sync_cache_w(&secondary_data);
159 * Now bring the CPU into our world.
161 ret = smp_ops.smp_boot_secondary(cpu, idle);
164 * CPU was successfully started, wait for it
165 * to come online or time out.
167 wait_for_completion_timeout(&cpu_running,
168 msecs_to_jiffies(1000));
170 if (!cpu_online(cpu)) {
171 pr_crit("CPU%u: failed to come online\n", cpu);
175 pr_err("CPU%u: failed to boot: %d\n", cpu, ret);
179 memset(&secondary_data, 0, sizeof(secondary_data));
183 /* platform specific SMP operations */
184 void __init smp_init_cpus(void)
186 if (smp_ops.smp_init_cpus)
187 smp_ops.smp_init_cpus();
190 int platform_can_secondary_boot(void)
192 return !!smp_ops.smp_boot_secondary;
195 int platform_can_cpu_hotplug(void)
197 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
198 if (smp_ops.cpu_kill)
205 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
206 static int platform_cpu_kill(unsigned int cpu)
208 if (smp_ops.cpu_kill)
209 return smp_ops.cpu_kill(cpu);
213 static int platform_cpu_disable(unsigned int cpu)
215 if (smp_ops.cpu_disable)
216 return smp_ops.cpu_disable(cpu);
221 int platform_can_hotplug_cpu(unsigned int cpu)
223 /* cpu_die must be specified to support hotplug */
224 if (!smp_ops.cpu_die)
227 if (smp_ops.cpu_can_disable)
228 return smp_ops.cpu_can_disable(cpu);
231 * By default, allow disabling all CPUs except the first one,
232 * since this is special on a lot of platforms, e.g. because
233 * of clock tick interrupts.
238 static void ipi_teardown(int cpu)
242 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!ipi_irq_base))
245 for (i = 0; i < nr_ipi; i++)
246 disable_percpu_irq(ipi_irq_base + i);
250 * __cpu_disable runs on the processor to be shutdown.
252 int __cpu_disable(void)
254 unsigned int cpu = smp_processor_id();
257 ret = platform_cpu_disable(cpu);
261 #ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_ARCH_TOPOLOGY
262 remove_cpu_topology(cpu);
266 * Take this CPU offline. Once we clear this, we can't return,
267 * and we must not schedule until we're ready to give up the cpu.
269 set_cpu_online(cpu, false);
273 * OK - migrate IRQs away from this CPU
275 irq_migrate_all_off_this_cpu();
278 * Flush user cache and TLB mappings, and then remove this CPU
279 * from the vm mask set of all processes.
281 * Caches are flushed to the Level of Unification Inner Shareable
282 * to write-back dirty lines to unified caches shared by all CPUs.
285 local_flush_tlb_all();
291 * called on the thread which is asking for a CPU to be shutdown -
292 * waits until shutdown has completed, or it is timed out.
294 void __cpu_die(unsigned int cpu)
296 if (!cpu_wait_death(cpu, 5)) {
297 pr_err("CPU%u: cpu didn't die\n", cpu);
300 pr_debug("CPU%u: shutdown\n", cpu);
302 clear_tasks_mm_cpumask(cpu);
304 * platform_cpu_kill() is generally expected to do the powering off
305 * and/or cutting of clocks to the dying CPU. Optionally, this may
306 * be done by the CPU which is dying in preference to supporting
307 * this call, but that means there is _no_ synchronisation between
308 * the requesting CPU and the dying CPU actually losing power.
310 if (!platform_cpu_kill(cpu))
311 pr_err("CPU%u: unable to kill\n", cpu);
315 * Called from the idle thread for the CPU which has been shutdown.
317 * Note that we disable IRQs here, but do not re-enable them
318 * before returning to the caller. This is also the behaviour
319 * of the other hotplug-cpu capable cores, so presumably coming
320 * out of idle fixes this.
322 void __noreturn arch_cpu_idle_dead(void)
324 unsigned int cpu = smp_processor_id();
331 * Flush the data out of the L1 cache for this CPU. This must be
332 * before the completion to ensure that data is safely written out
333 * before platform_cpu_kill() gets called - which may disable
334 * *this* CPU and power down its cache.
339 * Tell __cpu_die() that this CPU is now safe to dispose of. Once
340 * this returns, power and/or clocks can be removed at any point
341 * from this CPU and its cache by platform_cpu_kill().
343 (void)cpu_report_death();
346 * Ensure that the cache lines associated with that completion are
347 * written out. This covers the case where _this_ CPU is doing the
348 * powering down, to ensure that the completion is visible to the
349 * CPU waiting for this one.
354 * The actual CPU shutdown procedure is at least platform (if not
355 * CPU) specific. This may remove power, or it may simply spin.
357 * Platforms are generally expected *NOT* to return from this call,
358 * although there are some which do because they have no way to
359 * power down the CPU. These platforms are the _only_ reason we
360 * have a return path which uses the fragment of assembly below.
362 * The return path should not be used for platforms which can
366 smp_ops.cpu_die(cpu);
368 pr_warn("CPU%u: smp_ops.cpu_die() returned, trying to resuscitate\n",
372 * Do not return to the idle loop - jump back to the secondary
373 * cpu initialisation. There's some initialisation which needs
374 * to be repeated to undo the effects of taking the CPU offline.
376 __asm__("mov sp, %0\n"
379 " b secondary_start_kernel"
381 : "r" (task_stack_page(current) + THREAD_SIZE - 8),
387 #endif /* CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
390 * Called by both boot and secondaries to move global data into
391 * per-processor storage.
393 static void smp_store_cpu_info(unsigned int cpuid)
395 struct cpuinfo_arm *cpu_info = &per_cpu(cpu_data, cpuid);
397 cpu_info->loops_per_jiffy = loops_per_jiffy;
398 cpu_info->cpuid = read_cpuid_id();
400 store_cpu_topology(cpuid);
401 check_cpu_icache_size(cpuid);
404 static void set_current(struct task_struct *cur)
407 asm("mcr p15, 0, %0, c13, c0, 3" :: "r"(cur) : "memory");
411 * This is the secondary CPU boot entry. We're using this CPUs
412 * idle thread stack, but a set of temporary page tables.
414 asmlinkage void secondary_start_kernel(struct task_struct *task)
416 struct mm_struct *mm = &init_mm;
421 secondary_biglittle_init();
424 * The identity mapping is uncached (strongly ordered), so
425 * switch away from it before attempting any exclusive accesses.
427 cpu_switch_mm(mm->pgd, mm);
428 local_flush_bp_all();
429 enter_lazy_tlb(mm, current);
430 local_flush_tlb_all();
433 * All kernel threads share the same mm context; grab a
434 * reference and switch to it.
436 cpu = smp_processor_id();
438 current->active_mm = mm;
439 cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, mm_cpumask(mm));
444 setup_vectors_base();
446 pr_debug("CPU%u: Booted secondary processor\n", cpu);
448 trace_hardirqs_off();
451 * Give the platform a chance to do its own initialisation.
453 if (smp_ops.smp_secondary_init)
454 smp_ops.smp_secondary_init(cpu);
456 notify_cpu_starting(cpu);
462 smp_store_cpu_info(cpu);
465 * OK, now it's safe to let the boot CPU continue. Wait for
466 * the CPU migration code to notice that the CPU is online
467 * before we continue - which happens after __cpu_up returns.
469 set_cpu_online(cpu, true);
473 complete(&cpu_running);
480 * OK, it's off to the idle thread for us
482 cpu_startup_entry(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_IDLE);
485 void __init smp_cpus_done(unsigned int max_cpus)
488 unsigned long bogosum = 0;
490 for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
491 bogosum += per_cpu(cpu_data, cpu).loops_per_jiffy;
493 printk(KERN_INFO "SMP: Total of %d processors activated "
494 "(%lu.%02lu BogoMIPS).\n",
496 bogosum / (500000/HZ),
497 (bogosum / (5000/HZ)) % 100);
502 void __init smp_prepare_boot_cpu(void)
504 set_my_cpu_offset(per_cpu_offset(smp_processor_id()));
507 void __init smp_prepare_cpus(unsigned int max_cpus)
509 unsigned int ncores = num_possible_cpus();
513 smp_store_cpu_info(smp_processor_id());
516 * are we trying to boot more cores than exist?
518 if (max_cpus > ncores)
520 if (ncores > 1 && max_cpus) {
522 * Initialise the present map, which describes the set of CPUs
523 * actually populated at the present time. A platform should
524 * re-initialize the map in the platforms smp_prepare_cpus()
525 * if present != possible (e.g. physical hotplug).
527 init_cpu_present(cpu_possible_mask);
530 * Initialise the SCU if there are more than one CPU
531 * and let them know where to start.
533 if (smp_ops.smp_prepare_cpus)
534 smp_ops.smp_prepare_cpus(max_cpus);
538 static const char *ipi_types[NR_IPI] __tracepoint_string = {
539 [IPI_WAKEUP] = "CPU wakeup interrupts",
540 [IPI_TIMER] = "Timer broadcast interrupts",
541 [IPI_RESCHEDULE] = "Rescheduling interrupts",
542 [IPI_CALL_FUNC] = "Function call interrupts",
543 [IPI_CPU_STOP] = "CPU stop interrupts",
544 [IPI_IRQ_WORK] = "IRQ work interrupts",
545 [IPI_COMPLETION] = "completion interrupts",
548 static void smp_cross_call(const struct cpumask *target, unsigned int ipinr);
550 void show_ipi_list(struct seq_file *p, int prec)
554 for (i = 0; i < NR_IPI; i++) {
558 seq_printf(p, "%*s%u: ", prec - 1, "IPI", i);
560 for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
561 seq_printf(p, "%10u ", irq_desc_kstat_cpu(ipi_desc[i], cpu));
563 seq_printf(p, " %s\n", ipi_types[i]);
567 void arch_send_call_function_ipi_mask(const struct cpumask *mask)
569 smp_cross_call(mask, IPI_CALL_FUNC);
572 void arch_send_wakeup_ipi_mask(const struct cpumask *mask)
574 smp_cross_call(mask, IPI_WAKEUP);
577 void arch_send_call_function_single_ipi(int cpu)
579 smp_cross_call(cpumask_of(cpu), IPI_CALL_FUNC);
582 #ifdef CONFIG_IRQ_WORK
583 void arch_irq_work_raise(void)
585 if (arch_irq_work_has_interrupt())
586 smp_cross_call(cpumask_of(smp_processor_id()), IPI_IRQ_WORK);
590 #ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS_BROADCAST
591 void tick_broadcast(const struct cpumask *mask)
593 smp_cross_call(mask, IPI_TIMER);
597 static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(stop_lock);
600 * ipi_cpu_stop - handle IPI from smp_send_stop()
602 static void ipi_cpu_stop(unsigned int cpu)
606 if (system_state <= SYSTEM_RUNNING) {
607 raw_spin_lock(&stop_lock);
608 pr_crit("CPU%u: stopping\n", cpu);
610 raw_spin_unlock(&stop_lock);
613 set_cpu_online(cpu, false);
621 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct completion *, cpu_completion);
623 int register_ipi_completion(struct completion *completion, int cpu)
625 per_cpu(cpu_completion, cpu) = completion;
626 return IPI_COMPLETION;
629 static void ipi_complete(unsigned int cpu)
631 complete(per_cpu(cpu_completion, cpu));
635 * Main handler for inter-processor interrupts
637 static void do_handle_IPI(int ipinr)
639 unsigned int cpu = smp_processor_id();
641 if ((unsigned)ipinr < NR_IPI)
642 trace_ipi_entry(ipi_types[ipinr]);
648 #ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS_BROADCAST
650 tick_receive_broadcast();
659 generic_smp_call_function_interrupt();
666 #ifdef CONFIG_IRQ_WORK
676 case IPI_CPU_BACKTRACE:
677 printk_deferred_enter();
678 nmi_cpu_backtrace(get_irq_regs());
679 printk_deferred_exit();
683 pr_crit("CPU%u: Unknown IPI message 0x%x\n",
688 if ((unsigned)ipinr < NR_IPI)
689 trace_ipi_exit(ipi_types[ipinr]);
692 /* Legacy version, should go away once all irqchips have been converted */
693 void handle_IPI(int ipinr, struct pt_regs *regs)
695 struct pt_regs *old_regs = set_irq_regs(regs);
698 do_handle_IPI(ipinr);
701 set_irq_regs(old_regs);
704 static irqreturn_t ipi_handler(int irq, void *data)
706 do_handle_IPI(irq - ipi_irq_base);
710 static void smp_cross_call(const struct cpumask *target, unsigned int ipinr)
712 trace_ipi_raise(target, ipi_types[ipinr]);
713 __ipi_send_mask(ipi_desc[ipinr], target);
716 static void ipi_setup(int cpu)
720 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!ipi_irq_base))
723 for (i = 0; i < nr_ipi; i++)
724 enable_percpu_irq(ipi_irq_base + i, 0);
727 void __init set_smp_ipi_range(int ipi_base, int n)
731 WARN_ON(n < MAX_IPI);
732 nr_ipi = min(n, MAX_IPI);
734 for (i = 0; i < nr_ipi; i++) {
737 err = request_percpu_irq(ipi_base + i, ipi_handler,
741 ipi_desc[i] = irq_to_desc(ipi_base + i);
742 irq_set_status_flags(ipi_base + i, IRQ_HIDDEN);
745 ipi_irq_base = ipi_base;
747 /* Setup the boot CPU immediately */
748 ipi_setup(smp_processor_id());
751 void arch_smp_send_reschedule(int cpu)
753 smp_cross_call(cpumask_of(cpu), IPI_RESCHEDULE);
756 void smp_send_stop(void)
758 unsigned long timeout;
761 cpumask_copy(&mask, cpu_online_mask);
762 cpumask_clear_cpu(smp_processor_id(), &mask);
763 if (!cpumask_empty(&mask))
764 smp_cross_call(&mask, IPI_CPU_STOP);
766 /* Wait up to one second for other CPUs to stop */
767 timeout = USEC_PER_SEC;
768 while (num_online_cpus() > 1 && timeout--)
771 if (num_online_cpus() > 1)
772 pr_warn("SMP: failed to stop secondary CPUs\n");
775 /* In case panic() and panic() called at the same time on CPU1 and CPU2,
776 * and CPU 1 calls panic_smp_self_stop() before crash_smp_send_stop()
777 * CPU1 can't receive the ipi irqs from CPU2, CPU1 will be always online,
778 * kdump fails. So split out the panic_smp_self_stop() and add
779 * set_cpu_online(smp_processor_id(), false).
781 void __noreturn panic_smp_self_stop(void)
783 pr_debug("CPU %u will stop doing anything useful since another CPU has paniced\n",
785 set_cpu_online(smp_processor_id(), false);
790 #ifdef CONFIG_CPU_FREQ
792 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, l_p_j_ref);
793 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, l_p_j_ref_freq);
794 static unsigned long global_l_p_j_ref;
795 static unsigned long global_l_p_j_ref_freq;
797 static int cpufreq_callback(struct notifier_block *nb,
798 unsigned long val, void *data)
800 struct cpufreq_freqs *freq = data;
801 struct cpumask *cpus = freq->policy->cpus;
802 int cpu, first = cpumask_first(cpus);
805 if (freq->flags & CPUFREQ_CONST_LOOPS)
808 if (!per_cpu(l_p_j_ref, first)) {
809 for_each_cpu(cpu, cpus) {
810 per_cpu(l_p_j_ref, cpu) =
811 per_cpu(cpu_data, cpu).loops_per_jiffy;
812 per_cpu(l_p_j_ref_freq, cpu) = freq->old;
815 if (!global_l_p_j_ref) {
816 global_l_p_j_ref = loops_per_jiffy;
817 global_l_p_j_ref_freq = freq->old;
821 if ((val == CPUFREQ_PRECHANGE && freq->old < freq->new) ||
822 (val == CPUFREQ_POSTCHANGE && freq->old > freq->new)) {
823 loops_per_jiffy = cpufreq_scale(global_l_p_j_ref,
824 global_l_p_j_ref_freq,
827 lpj = cpufreq_scale(per_cpu(l_p_j_ref, first),
828 per_cpu(l_p_j_ref_freq, first), freq->new);
829 for_each_cpu(cpu, cpus)
830 per_cpu(cpu_data, cpu).loops_per_jiffy = lpj;
835 static struct notifier_block cpufreq_notifier = {
836 .notifier_call = cpufreq_callback,
839 static int __init register_cpufreq_notifier(void)
841 return cpufreq_register_notifier(&cpufreq_notifier,
842 CPUFREQ_TRANSITION_NOTIFIER);
844 core_initcall(register_cpufreq_notifier);
848 static void raise_nmi(cpumask_t *mask)
850 __ipi_send_mask(ipi_desc[IPI_CPU_BACKTRACE], mask);
853 void arch_trigger_cpumask_backtrace(const cpumask_t *mask, bool exclude_self)
855 nmi_trigger_cpumask_backtrace(mask, exclude_self, raise_nmi);