t/nvmept_pi: test script for protection information
authorVincent Fu <vincent.fu@samsung.com>
Fri, 28 Jul 2023 15:47:12 +0000 (15:47 +0000)
committerVincent Fu <vincent.fu@samsung.com>
Mon, 14 Aug 2023 14:43:45 +0000 (10:43 -0400)
Carry out tests of the code supporting end-to-end data protection via
the io_uring_cmd ioengine's nvme command type.

The test script detects the available protection information formats
supported by the target device. Then for each of these configurations,
the script formats the device and runs a series of tests.

Signed-off-by: Vincent Fu <vincent.fu@samsung.com>
t/nvmept_pi.py [new file with mode: 0755]

diff --git a/t/nvmept_pi.py b/t/nvmept_pi.py
new file mode 100755 (executable)
index 0000000..5de77c9
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,949 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+# nvmept_pi.py
+#
+# Test fio's io_uring_cmd ioengine support for DIF/DIX end-to-end data
+# protection.
+#
+# USAGE
+# see python3 nvmept_pi.py --help
+#
+# EXAMPLES (THIS IS A DESTRUCTIVE TEST!!)
+# python3 t/nvmept_pi.py --dut /dev/ng0n1 -f ./fio
+# python3 t/nvmept_pi.py --dut /dev/ng0n1 -f ./fio --lbaf 1
+#
+# REQUIREMENTS
+# Python 3.6
+#
+"""
+import os
+import sys
+import json
+import time
+import locale
+import logging
+import argparse
+import itertools
+import subprocess
+from pathlib import Path
+from fiotestlib import FioJobCmdTest, run_fio_tests
+from fiotestcommon import SUCCESS_NONZERO
+
+NUMBER_IOS = 8192
+BS_LOW = 1
+BS_HIGH = 16
+
+class DifDixTest(FioJobCmdTest):
+    """
+    NVMe DIF/DIX test class.
+    """
+
+    def setup(self, parameters):
+        """Setup a test."""
+
+        fio_args = [
+            "--name=nvmept_pi",
+            "--ioengine=io_uring_cmd",
+            "--cmd_type=nvme",
+            f"--filename={self.fio_opts['filename']}",
+            f"--rw={self.fio_opts['rw']}",
+            f"--bsrange={self.fio_opts['bsrange']}",
+            f"--output={self.filenames['output']}",
+            f"--output-format={self.fio_opts['output-format']}",
+            f"--md_per_io_size={self.fio_opts['md_per_io_size']}",
+            f"--pi_act={self.fio_opts['pi_act']}",
+            f"--pi_chk={self.fio_opts['pi_chk']}",
+            f"--apptag={self.fio_opts['apptag']}",
+            f"--apptag_mask={self.fio_opts['apptag_mask']}",
+        ]
+        for opt in ['fixedbufs', 'nonvectored', 'force_async', 'registerfiles',
+                    'sqthread_poll', 'sqthread_poll_cpu', 'hipri', 'nowait',
+                    'time_based', 'runtime', 'verify', 'io_size', 'offset', 'number_ios']:
+            if opt in self.fio_opts:
+                option = f"--{opt}={self.fio_opts[opt]}"
+                fio_args.append(option)
+
+        super().setup(fio_args)
+
+
+TEST_LIST = [
+#
+# Write data with pi_act=1 and then read the data back (with both
+# pi_act=[0,1]).
+#
+    {
+        # Write workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=1
+        "test_id": 101,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'write',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "apptag": "0x8888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            "pi_act": 1,
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with fixed small IO size
+        # pi_act=0
+        "test_id": 102,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            "apptag": "0x8888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_LOW,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with fixed small IO size
+        # pi_act=1
+        "test_id": 103,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 1,
+            "apptag": "0x8888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_LOW,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Write workload with fixed large IO size
+        # Precondition for read workloads to follow
+        # pi_act=1
+        "test_id": 104,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'write',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "apptag": "0x8888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            "pi_act": 1,
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_HIGH,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=0
+        "test_id": 105,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            "apptag": "0x8888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=1
+        "test_id": 106,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 1,
+            "apptag": "0x8888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+#
+# Write data with pi_act=0 and then read the data back (with both
+# pi_act=[0,1]).
+#
+    {
+        # Write workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=0
+        "test_id": 201,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'write',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "apptag": "0x8888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with fixed small IO size
+        # pi_act=0
+        "test_id": 202,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            "apptag": "0x8888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_LOW,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with fixed small IO size
+        # pi_act=1
+        "test_id": 203,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 1,
+            "apptag": "0x8888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_LOW,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Write workload with fixed large IO sizes
+        # pi_act=0
+        "test_id": 204,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'write',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "apptag": "0x8888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_HIGH,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=0
+        "test_id": 205,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            "apptag": "0x8888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=1
+        "test_id": 206,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 1,
+            "apptag": "0x8888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+#
+# Test apptag errors.
+#
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=0
+        # trigger an apptag error
+        "test_id": 301,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            "apptag": "0x0888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "success": SUCCESS_NONZERO,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=1
+        # trigger an apptag error
+        "test_id": 302,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 1,
+            "apptag": "0x0888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "success": SUCCESS_NONZERO,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=0
+        # trigger an apptag error
+        # same as above but with pi_chk=APPTAG only
+        "test_id": 303,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            "apptag": "0x0888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "success": SUCCESS_NONZERO,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=1
+        # trigger an apptag error
+        # same as above but with pi_chk=APPTAG only
+        "test_id": 304,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 1,
+            "apptag": "0x0888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "success": SUCCESS_NONZERO,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=0
+        # this case would trigger an apptag error, but pi_chk says to check
+        # only the Guard PI and reftag, so there should be no error
+        "test_id": 305,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            "apptag": "0x0888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=1
+        # this case would trigger an apptag error, but pi_chk says to check
+        # only the Guard PI and reftag, so there should be no error
+        "test_id": 306,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 1,
+            "apptag": "0x0888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=0
+        # this case would trigger an apptag error, but pi_chk says to check
+        # only the Guard PI, so there should be no error
+        "test_id": 307,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            "apptag": "0x0888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "GUARD",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=1
+        # this case would trigger an apptag error, but pi_chk says to check
+        # only the Guard PI, so there should be no error
+        "test_id": 308,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 1,
+            "apptag": "0x0888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "GUARD",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=0
+        # this case would trigger an apptag error, but pi_chk says to check
+        # only the reftag, so there should be no error
+        # This case will be skipped when the device is formatted with Type 3 PI
+        # since Type 3 PI ignores the reftag
+        "test_id": 309,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            "apptag": "0x0888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "skip": "type3",
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=1
+        # this case would trigger an apptag error, but pi_chk says to check
+        # only the reftag, so there should be no error
+        # This case will be skipped when the device is formatted with Type 3 PI
+        # since Type 3 PI ignores the reftag
+        "test_id": 310,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 1,
+            "apptag": "0x0888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "skip": "type3",
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=0
+        # use apptag mask to ignore apptag mismatch
+        "test_id": 311,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            "apptag": "0x0888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0x0FFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=1
+        # use apptag mask to ignore apptag mismatch
+        "test_id": 312,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 1,
+            "apptag": "0x0888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0x0FFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=0
+        # use apptag mask to ignore apptag mismatch
+        "test_id": 313,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            "apptag": "0xF888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0x0FFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=1
+        # use apptag mask to ignore apptag mismatch
+        "test_id": 314,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 1,
+            "apptag": "0xF888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0x0FFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Write workload with fixed large IO sizes
+        # Set apptag=0xFFFF to disable all checking for Type 1 and 2
+        # pi_act=1
+        "test_id": 315,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'write',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "apptag": "0xFFFF",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            "pi_act": 1,
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_HIGH,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "skip": "type3",
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=0
+        # Data was written with apptag=0xFFFF
+        # Reading the data back should disable all checking for Type 1 and 2
+        "test_id": 316,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            "apptag": "0x0101",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "skip": "type3",
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=1
+        # Data was written with apptag=0xFFFF
+        # Reading the data back should disable all checking for Type 1 and 2
+        "test_id": 317,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 1,
+            "apptag": "0x0000",
+            "apptag_mask": "0xFFFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "skip": "type3",
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+#
+# Error cases related to block size and metadata size
+#
+    {
+        # Use a min block size that is not a multiple of lba/elba size to
+        # trigger an error.
+        "test_id": 401,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            "apptag": "0x8888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0x0FFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW+0.5,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "success": SUCCESS_NONZERO,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Use metadata size that is too small
+        "test_id": 402,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            "apptag": "0x8888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0x0FFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "mdsize_adjustment": -1,
+        "success": SUCCESS_NONZERO,
+        "skip": "elba",
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+    {
+        # Read workload with variable IO sizes
+        # pi_act=0
+        # Should still work even if metadata size is too large
+        "test_id": 403,
+        "fio_opts": {
+            "rw": 'read',
+            "number_ios": NUMBER_IOS,
+            "output-format": "json",
+            "pi_act": 0,
+            "apptag": "0x8888",
+            "apptag_mask": "0x0FFF",
+            },
+        "pi_chk": "APPTAG,GUARD,REFTAG",
+        "bs_low": BS_LOW,
+        "bs_high": BS_HIGH,
+        "mdsize_adjustment": 1,
+        "test_class": DifDixTest,
+    },
+]
+
+
+def parse_args():
+    """Parse command-line arguments."""
+
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    parser.add_argument('-d', '--debug', help='Enable debug messages', action='store_true')
+    parser.add_argument('-f', '--fio', help='path to file executable (e.g., ./fio)')
+    parser.add_argument('-a', '--artifact-root', help='artifact root directory')
+    parser.add_argument('-s', '--skip', nargs='+', type=int,
+                        help='list of test(s) to skip')
+    parser.add_argument('-o', '--run-only', nargs='+', type=int,
+                        help='list of test(s) to run, skipping all others')
+    parser.add_argument('--dut', help='target NVMe character device to test '
+                        '(e.g., /dev/ng0n1). WARNING: THIS IS A DESTRUCTIVE TEST', required=True)
+    parser.add_argument('-l', '--lbaf', nargs='+', type=int,
+                        help='list of lba formats to test')
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    return args
+
+
+def get_lbafs(args):
+    """
+    Determine which LBA formats to use. Use either the ones specified on the
+    command line or if none are specified query the device and use all lba
+    formats with metadata.
+    """
+    lbaf_list = []
+    id_ns_cmd = f"sudo nvme id-ns --output-format=json {args.dut}".split(' ')
+    id_ns_output = subprocess.check_output(id_ns_cmd)
+    lbafs = json.loads(id_ns_output)['lbafs']
+    if args.lbaf:
+        for lbaf in args.lbaf:
+            lbaf_list.append({'lbaf': lbaf, 'ds': 2 ** lbafs[lbaf]['ds'],
+                              'ms': lbafs[lbaf]['ms'], })
+            if lbafs[lbaf]['ms'] == 0:
+                print(f'Error: lbaf {lbaf} has metadata size zero')
+                sys.exit(1)
+    else:
+        for lbaf_num, lbaf in enumerate(lbafs):
+            if lbaf['ms'] != 0:
+                lbaf_list.append({'lbaf': lbaf_num, 'ds': 2 ** lbaf['ds'],
+                                  'ms': lbaf['ms'], })
+
+    return lbaf_list
+
+
+def get_guard_pi(lbaf_list, args):
+    """
+    Find out how many bits of guard protection information are associated with
+    each lbaf to be used. If this is not available assume 16-bit guard pi.
+    Also record the bytes of protection information associated with the number
+    of guard PI bits.
+    """
+    nvm_id_ns_cmd = f"sudo nvme nvm-id-ns --output-format=json {args.dut}".split(' ')
+    try:
+        nvm_id_ns_output = subprocess.check_output(nvm_id_ns_cmd)
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+        print(f"Non-zero return code from {' '.join(nvm_id_ns_cmd)}; " \
+                "assuming all lbafs use 16b Guard Protection Information")
+        for lbaf in lbaf_list:
+            lbaf['guard_pi_bits'] = 16
+    else:
+        elbafs = json.loads(nvm_id_ns_output)['elbafs']
+        for elbaf_num, elbaf in enumerate(elbafs):
+            for lbaf in lbaf_list:
+                if lbaf['lbaf'] == elbaf_num:
+                    lbaf['guard_pi_bits'] = 16 << elbaf['pif']
+
+    # For 16b Guard Protection Information, the PI requires 8 bytes
+    # For 32b and 64b Guard PI, the PI requires 16 bytes
+    for lbaf in lbaf_list:
+        if lbaf['guard_pi_bits'] == 16:
+            lbaf['pi_bytes'] = 8
+        else:
+            lbaf['pi_bytes'] = 16
+
+
+def get_capabilities(args):
+    """
+    Determine what end-to-end data protection features the device supports.
+    """
+    caps = { 'pil': [], 'pitype': [], 'elba': [] }
+    id_ns_cmd = f"sudo nvme id-ns --output-format=json {args.dut}".split(' ')
+    id_ns_output = subprocess.check_output(id_ns_cmd)
+    id_ns_json = json.loads(id_ns_output)
+
+    mc = id_ns_json['mc']
+    if mc & 1:
+        caps['elba'].append(1)
+    if mc & 2:
+        caps['elba'].append(0)
+
+    dpc = id_ns_json['dpc']
+    if dpc & 1:
+        caps['pitype'].append(1)
+    if dpc & 2:
+        caps['pitype'].append(2)
+    if dpc & 4:
+        caps['pitype'].append(3)
+    if dpc & 8:
+        caps['pil'].append(1)
+    if dpc & 16:
+        caps['pil'].append(0)
+
+    for _, value in caps.items():
+        if len(value) == 0:
+            logging.error("One or more end-to-end data protection features unsupported: %s", caps)
+            sys.exit(-1)
+
+    return caps
+
+
+def format_device(args, lbaf, pitype, pil, elba):
+    """
+    Format device using specified lba format with specified pitype, pil, and
+    elba values.
+    """
+
+    format_cmd = f"sudo nvme format {args.dut} --lbaf={lbaf['lbaf']} " \
+                 f"--pi={pitype} --pil={pil} --ms={elba} --force"
+    logging.debug("Format command: %s", format_cmd)
+    format_cmd = format_cmd.split(' ')
+    format_cmd_result = subprocess.run(format_cmd, capture_output=True, check=False,
+                                       encoding=locale.getpreferredencoding())
+
+    # Sometimes nvme-cli may format the device successfully but fail to
+    # rescan the namespaces after the format. Continue if this happens but
+    # abort if some other error occurs.
+    if format_cmd_result.returncode != 0:
+        if 'failed to rescan namespaces' not in format_cmd_result.stderr \
+                or 'Success formatting namespace' not in format_cmd_result.stdout:
+            logging.error(format_cmd_result.stdout)
+            logging.error(format_cmd_result.stderr)
+            print("Unable to format device; skipping this configuration")
+            return False
+
+    logging.debug(format_cmd_result.stdout)
+    return True
+
+
+def difdix_test(test_env, args, lbaf, pitype, elba):
+    """
+    Adjust test arguments based on values of lbaf, pitype, and elba.  Then run
+    the tests.
+    """
+    for test in TEST_LIST:
+        test['force_skip'] = False
+
+        blocksize = lbaf['ds']
+        # Set fio blocksize parameter at runtime
+        # If we formatted the device in extended LBA mode (e.g., 520-byte
+        # sectors), we usually need to add the lba data size and metadata size
+        # together for fio's bs parameter. However, if pi_act == 1 and the
+        # device is formatted so that the metadata is the same size as the PI,
+        # then the device will take care of everything and the application
+        # should just use regular power of 2 lba data size even when the device
+        # is in extended lba mode.
+        if elba:
+            if not test['fio_opts']['pi_act'] or lbaf['ms'] != lbaf['pi_bytes']:
+                blocksize += lbaf['ms']
+            test['fio_opts']['md_per_io_size'] = 0
+        else:
+        # If we are using a separate buffer for metadata, fio doesn't need to
+        # do anything when pi_act==1 and protection information size is equal to
+        # metadata size since the device is taking care of it all. If either of
+        # the two conditions do not hold, then we do need to allocate a
+        # separate metadata buffer.
+            if test['fio_opts']['pi_act'] and lbaf['ms'] == lbaf['pi_bytes']:
+                test['fio_opts']['md_per_io_size'] = 0
+            else:
+                test['fio_opts']['md_per_io_size'] = lbaf['ms'] * test['bs_high']
+
+        test['fio_opts']['bsrange'] = f"{blocksize * test['bs_low']}-{blocksize * test['bs_high']}"
+        if 'mdsize_adjustment' in test:
+            test['fio_opts']['md_per_io_size'] += test['mdsize_adjustment']
+
+        # Set fio pi_chk parameter at runtime. If the device is formatted
+        # with Type 3 protection information, this means that the reference
+        # tag is not checked and I/O commands may throw an error if they
+        # are submitted with the REFTAG bit set in pi_chk. Make sure fio
+        # does not set pi_chk's REFTAG bit if the device is formatted with
+        # Type 3 PI.
+        if 'pi_chk' in test:
+            if pitype == 3 and 'REFTAG' in test['pi_chk']:
+                test['fio_opts']['pi_chk'] = test['pi_chk'].replace('REFTAG','')
+                logging.debug("Type 3 PI: dropping REFTAG bit")
+            else:
+                test['fio_opts']['pi_chk'] = test['pi_chk']
+
+        if 'skip' in test:
+            if pitype == 3 and 'type3' in test['skip']:
+                test['force_skip'] = True
+                logging.debug("Type 3 PI: skipping test case")
+            if elba and 'elba' in test['skip']:
+                test['force_skip'] = True
+                logging.debug("extended lba format: skipping test case")
+
+        logging.debug("Test %d: pi_act=%d, bsrange=%s, md_per_io_size=%d", test['test_id'],
+                      test['fio_opts']['pi_act'], test['fio_opts']['bsrange'],
+                      test['fio_opts']['md_per_io_size'])
+
+    return run_fio_tests(TEST_LIST, test_env, args)
+
+
+def main():
+    """
+    Run tests using fio's io_uring_cmd ioengine to exercise end-to-end data
+    protection capabilities.
+    """
+
+    args = parse_args()
+
+    if args.debug:
+        logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
+    else:
+        logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
+
+    artifact_root = args.artifact_root if args.artifact_root else \
+        f"nvmept_pi-test-{time.strftime('%Y%m%d-%H%M%S')}"
+    os.mkdir(artifact_root)
+    print(f"Artifact directory is {artifact_root}")
+
+    if args.fio:
+        fio_path = str(Path(args.fio).absolute())
+    else:
+        fio_path = 'fio'
+    print(f"fio path is {fio_path}")
+
+    lbaf_list = get_lbafs(args)
+    get_guard_pi(lbaf_list, args)
+    caps = get_capabilities(args)
+    print("Device capabilities:", caps)
+
+    for test in TEST_LIST:
+        test['fio_opts']['filename'] = args.dut
+
+    test_env = {
+              'fio_path': fio_path,
+              'fio_root': str(Path(__file__).absolute().parent.parent),
+              'artifact_root': artifact_root,
+              'basename': 'nvmept_pi',
+              }
+
+    total = { 'passed':  0, 'failed': 0, 'skipped': 0 }
+
+    try:
+        for lbaf, pil, pitype, elba in itertools.product(lbaf_list, caps['pil'], caps['pitype'],
+                                                         caps['elba']):
+            print(f"\nlbaf: {lbaf}, pil: {pil}, pitype: {pitype}, elba: {elba}")
+
+            if not format_device(args, lbaf, pitype, pil, elba):
+                continue
+
+            test_env['artifact_root'] = \
+                os.path.join(artifact_root, f"lbaf{lbaf['lbaf']}pil{pil}pitype{pitype}" \
+                    f"elba{elba}")
+            os.mkdir(test_env['artifact_root'])
+
+            passed, failed, skipped = difdix_test(test_env, args, lbaf, pitype, elba)
+
+            total['passed'] += passed
+            total['failed'] += failed
+            total['skipped'] += skipped
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        pass
+
+    print(f"\n\n{total['passed']} test(s) passed, {total['failed']} failed, " \
+            f"{total['skipped']} skipped")
+    sys.exit(total['failed'])
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()