5. Detailed list of parameters
6. Normal output
7. Terse output
-
+8. Trace file format
1.0 Overview and history
------------------------
section residing above it. If the first character in a line is a ';' or a
'#', the entire line is discarded as a comment.
-So lets look at a really simple job file that define to threads, each
-randomly reading from a 128MiB file.
+So let's look at a really simple job file that defines two processes, each
+randomly reading from a 128MB file.
; -- start job file --
[global]
$ fio --name=global --rw=randread --size=128m --name=job1 --name=job2
-Lets look at an example that have a number of processes writing randomly
+Let's look at an example that has a number of processes writing randomly
to files.
; -- start job file --
Here we have no global section, as we only have one job defined anyway.
We want to use async io here, with a depth of 4 for each file. We also
-increased the buffer size used to 32KiB and define numjobs to 4 to
+increased the buffer size used to 32KB and define numjobs to 4 to
fork 4 identical jobs. The result is 4 processes each randomly writing
-to their own 64MiB file. Instead of using the above job file, you could
+to their own 64MB file. Instead of using the above job file, you could
have given the parameters on the command line. For this case, you would
specify:
$ fio --name=random-writers --ioengine=libaio --iodepth=4 --rw=randwrite --bs=32k --direct=0 --size=64m --numjobs=4
+4.1 Environment variables
+-------------------------
+
+fio also supports environment variable expansion in job files. Any
+substring of the form "${VARNAME}" as part of an option value (in other
+words, on the right of the `='), will be expanded to the value of the
+environment variable called VARNAME. If no such environment variable
+is defined, or VARNAME is the empty string, the empty string will be
+substituted.
+
+As an example, let's look at a sample fio invocation and job file:
+
+$ SIZE=64m NUMJOBS=4 fio jobfile.fio
+
+; -- start job file --
+[random-writers]
+rw=randwrite
+size=${SIZE}
+numjobs=${NUMJOBS}
+; -- end job file --
+
+This will expand to the following equivalent job file at runtime:
+
+; -- start job file --
+[random-writers]
+rw=randwrite
+size=64m
+numjobs=4
+; -- end job file --
+
fio ships with a few example job files, you can also look there for
inspiration.
+4.2 Reserved keywords
+---------------------
+
+Additionally, fio has a set of reserved keywords that will be replaced
+internally with the appropriate value. Those keywords are:
+
+$pagesize The architecture page size of the running system
+$mb_memory Megabytes of total memory in the system
+$ncpus Number of online available CPUs
+
+These can be used on the command line or in the job file, and will be
+automatically substituted with the current system values when the job
+is run. Simple math is also supported on these keywords, so you can
+perform actions like:
+
+size=8*$mb_memory
+
+and get that properly expanded to 8 times the size of memory in the
+machine.
+
5.0 Detailed list of parameters
-------------------------------
a string. The following types are used:
str String. This is a sequence of alpha characters.
-int Integer. A whole number value, may be negative.
-siint SI integer. A whole number value, which may contain a postfix
- describing the base of the number. Accepted postfixes are k/m/g,
- meaning kilo, mega, and giga. So if you want to specify 4096,
- you could either write out '4096' or just give 4k. The postfixes
- signify base 2 values, so 1024 is 1k and 1024k is 1m and so on.
- If the option accepts an upper and lower range, use a colon ':'
- or minus '-' to seperate such values. See irange.
+time Integer with possible time suffix. In seconds unless otherwise
+ specified, use eg 10m for 10 minutes. Accepts s/m/h for seconds,
+ minutes, and hours.
+int SI integer. A whole number value, which may contain a suffix
+ describing the base of the number. Accepted suffixes are k/m/g/t/p,
+ meaning kilo, mega, giga, tera, and peta. The suffix is not case
+ sensitive, and you may also include trailing 'b' (eg 'kb' is the same
+ as 'k'). So if you want to specify 4096, you could either write
+ out '4096' or just give 4k. The suffixes signify base 2 values, so
+ 1024 is 1k and 1024k is 1m and so on, unless the suffix is explicitly
+ set to a base 10 value using 'kib', 'mib', 'gib', etc. If that is the
+ case, then 1000 is used as the multiplier. This can be handy for
+ disks, since manufacturers generally use base 10 values when listing
+ the capacity of a drive. If the option accepts an upper and lower
+ range, use a colon ':' or minus '-' to separate such values. May also
+ include a prefix to indicate numbers base. If 0x is used, the number
+ is assumed to be hexadecimal. See irange.
bool Boolean. Usually parsed as an integer, however only defined for
true and false (1 and 0).
-irange Integer range with postfix. Allows value range to be given, such
- as 1024-4096. A colon may also be used as the seperator, eg
+irange Integer range with suffix. Allows value range to be given, such
+ as 1024-4096. A colon may also be used as the separator, eg
1k:4k. If the option allows two sets of ranges, they can be
specified with a ',' or '/' delimiter: 1k-4k/8k-32k. Also see
- siint.
+ int.
+float_list A list of floating numbers, separated by a ':' character.
With the above in mind, here follows the complete list of fio job
parameters.
dump this text description when this job is run. It's
not parsed.
-directory=str Prefix filenames with this directory. Used to places files
+directory=str Prefix filenames with this directory. Used to place files
in a different location than "./".
filename=str Fio normally makes up a filename based on the job name,
thread number, and file number. If you want to share
files between threads in a job or several jobs, specify
a filename for each of them to override the default. If
- the ioengine used is 'net', the filename is the host and
- port to connect to in the format of =host/port. If the
- ioengine is file based, you can specify a number of files
- by seperating the names with a ':' colon. So if you wanted
- a job to open /dev/sda and /dev/sdb as the two working files,
- you would use filename=/dev/sda:/dev/sdb
+ the ioengine used is 'net', the filename is the host, port,
+ and protocol to use in the format of =host,port,protocol.
+ See ioengine=net for more. If the ioengine is file based, you
+ can specify a number of files by separating the names with a
+ ':' colon. So if you wanted a job to open /dev/sda and /dev/sdb
+ as the two working files, you would use
+ filename=/dev/sda:/dev/sdb. On Windows, disk devices are accessed
+ as \\.\PhysicalDrive0 for the first device, \\.\PhysicalDrive1
+ for the second etc. If the wanted filename does need to
+ include a colon, then escape that with a '\' character.
+ For instance, if the filename is "/dev/dsk/foo@3,0:c",
+ then you would use filename="/dev/dsk/foo@3,0\:c".
+ '-' is a reserved name, meaning stdin or stdout. Which of the
+ two depends on the read/write direction set.
opendir=str Tell fio to recursively add any file it can find in this
directory and down the file system tree.
+lockfile=str Fio defaults to not locking any files before it does
+ IO to them. If a file or file descriptor is shared, fio
+ can serialize IO to that file to make the end result
+ consistent. This is usual for emulating real workloads that
+ share files. The lock modes are:
+
+ none No locking. The default.
+ exclusive Only one thread/process may do IO,
+ excluding all others.
+ readwrite Read-write locking on the file. Many
+ readers may access the file at the
+ same time, but writes get exclusive
+ access.
+
+ The option may be post-fixed with a lock batch number. If
+ set, then each thread/process may do that amount of IOs to
+ the file before giving up the lock. Since lock acquisition is
+ expensive, batching the lock/unlocks will speed up IO.
+
readwrite=str
rw=str Type of io pattern. Accepted values are:
write Sequential writes
randwrite Random writes
randread Random reads
- rw Sequential mixed reads and writes
+ rw,readwrite Sequential mixed reads and writes
randrw Random mixed reads and writes
For the mixed io types, the default is to split them 50/50.
For certain types of io the result may still be skewed a bit,
- since the speed may be different.
+ since the speed may be different. It is possible to specify
+ a number of IO's to do before getting a new offset, this is
+ one by appending a ':<nr>' to the end of the string given.
+ For a random read, it would look like 'rw=randread:8' for
+ passing in an offset modifier with a value of 8. If the
+ postfix is used with a sequential IO pattern, then the value
+ specified will be added to the generated offset for each IO.
+ For instance, using rw=write:4k will skip 4k for every
+ write. It turns sequential IO into sequential IO with holes.
+ See the 'rw_sequencer' option.
+
+rw_sequencer=str If an offset modifier is given by appending a number to
+ the rw=<str> line, then this option controls how that
+ number modifies the IO offset being generated. Accepted
+ values are:
+
+ sequential Generate sequential offset
+ identical Generate the same offset
+
+ 'sequential' is only useful for random IO, where fio would
+ normally generate a new random offset for every IO. If you
+ append eg 8 to randread, you would get a new random offset for
+ every 8 IO's. The result would be a seek for only every 8
+ IO's, instead of for every IO. Use rw=randread:8 to specify
+ that. As sequential IO is already sequential, setting
+ 'sequential' for that would not result in any differences.
+ 'identical' behaves in a similar fashion, except it sends
+ the same offset 8 number of times before generating a new
+ offset.
+
+kb_base=int The base unit for a kilobyte. The defacto base is 2^10, 1024.
+ Storage manufacturers like to use 10^3 or 1000 as a base
+ ten unit instead, for obvious reasons. Allow values are
+ 1024 or 1000, with 1024 being the default.
randrepeat=bool For random IO workloads, seed the generator in a predictable
way so that results are repeatable across repetitions.
-size=siint The total size of file io for this job. This may describe
- the size of the single file the job uses, or it may be
- divided between the number of files in the job. If the
- file already exists, the file size will be adjusted to this
- size if larger than the current file size. If this parameter
- is not given and the file exists, the file size will be used.
-
-filesize=siint Individual file sizes. May be a range, in which case fio
+use_os_rand=bool Fio can either use the random generator supplied by the OS
+ to generator random offsets, or it can use it's own internal
+ generator (based on Tausworthe). Default is to use the
+ internal generator, which is often of better quality and
+ faster.
+
+fallocate=str Whether pre-allocation is performed when laying down files.
+ Accepted values are:
+
+ none Do not pre-allocate space
+ posix Pre-allocate via posix_fallocate()
+ keep Pre-allocate via fallocate() with
+ FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE set
+ 0 Backward-compatible alias for 'none'
+ 1 Backward-compatible alias for 'posix'
+
+ May not be available on all supported platforms. 'keep' is only
+ available on Linux.If using ZFS on Solaris this must be set to
+ 'none' because ZFS doesn't support it. Default: 'posix'.
+
+fadvise_hint=bool By default, fio will use fadvise() to advise the kernel
+ on what IO patterns it is likely to issue. Sometimes you
+ want to test specific IO patterns without telling the
+ kernel about it, in which case you can disable this option.
+ If set, fio will use POSIX_FADV_SEQUENTIAL for sequential
+ IO and POSIX_FADV_RANDOM for random IO.
+
+size=int The total size of file io for this job. Fio will run until
+ this many bytes has been transferred, unless runtime is
+ limited by other options (such as 'runtime', for instance).
+ Unless specific nrfiles and filesize options are given,
+ fio will divide this size between the available files
+ specified by the job. If not set, fio will use the full
+ size of the given files or devices. If the the files
+ do not exist, size must be given. It is also possible to
+ give size as a percentage between 1 and 100. If size=20%
+ is given, fio will use 20% of the full size of the given
+ files or devices.
+
+filesize=int Individual file sizes. May be a range, in which case fio
will select sizes for files at random within the given range
and limited to 'size' in total (if that is given). If not
given, each created file is the same size.
-blocksize=siint
-bs=siint The block size used for the io units. Defaults to 4k. Values
- can be given for both read and writes. If a single siint is
- given, it will apply to both. If a second siint is specified
+fill_device=bool
+fill_fs=bool Sets size to something really large and waits for ENOSPC (no
+ space left on device) as the terminating condition. Only makes
+ sense with sequential write. For a read workload, the mount
+ point will be filled first then IO started on the result. This
+ option doesn't make sense if operating on a raw device node,
+ since the size of that is already known by the file system.
+ Additionally, writing beyond end-of-device will not return
+ ENOSPC there.
+
+blocksize=int
+bs=int The block size used for the io units. Defaults to 4k. Values
+ can be given for both read and writes. If a single int is
+ given, it will apply to both. If a second int is specified
after a comma, it will apply to writes only. In other words,
the format is either bs=read_and_write or bs=read,write.
bs=4k,8k will thus use 4k blocks for reads, and 8k blocks
can do so by passing an empty read size - bs=,8k will set
8k for writes and leave the read default value.
+blockalign=int
+ba=int At what boundary to align random IO offsets. Defaults to
+ the same as 'blocksize' the minimum blocksize given.
+ Minimum alignment is typically 512b for using direct IO,
+ though it usually depends on the hardware block size. This
+ option is mutually exclusive with using a random map for
+ files, so it will turn off that option.
+
blocksize_range=irange
bsrange=irange Instead of giving a single block size, specify a range
and fio will mix the issued io block sizes. The issued
writes, however a second range can be given after a comma.
See bs=.
+bssplit=str Sometimes you want even finer grained control of the
+ block sizes issued, not just an even split between them.
+ This option allows you to weight various block sizes,
+ so that you are able to define a specific amount of
+ block sizes issued. The format for this option is:
+
+ bssplit=blocksize/percentage:blocksize/percentage
+
+ for as many block sizes as needed. So if you want to define
+ a workload that has 50% 64k blocks, 10% 4k blocks, and
+ 40% 32k blocks, you would write:
+
+ bssplit=4k/10:64k/50:32k/40
+
+ Ordering does not matter. If the percentage is left blank,
+ fio will fill in the remaining values evenly. So a bssplit
+ option like this one:
+
+ bssplit=4k/50:1k/:32k/
+
+ would have 50% 4k ios, and 25% 1k and 32k ios. The percentages
+ always add up to 100, if bssplit is given a range that adds
+ up to more, it will error out.
+
+ bssplit also supports giving separate splits to reads and
+ writes. The format is identical to what bs= accepts. You
+ have to separate the read and write parts with a comma. So
+ if you want a workload that has 50% 2k reads and 50% 4k reads,
+ while having 90% 4k writes and 10% 8k writes, you would
+ specify:
+
+ bssplit=2k/50:4k/50,4k/90,8k/10
+
blocksize_unaligned
bs_unaligned If this option is given, any byte size value within bsrange
may be used as a block range. This typically wont work with
direct IO, as that normally requires sector alignment.
+zero_buffers If this option is given, fio will init the IO buffers to
+ all zeroes. The default is to fill them with random data.
+
+refill_buffers If this option is given, fio will refill the IO buffers
+ on every submit. The default is to only fill it at init
+ time and reuse that data. Only makes sense if zero_buffers
+ isn't specified, naturally. If data verification is enabled,
+ refill_buffers is also automatically enabled.
+
+scramble_buffers=bool If refill_buffers is too costly and the target is
+ using data deduplication, then setting this option will
+ slightly modify the IO buffer contents to defeat normal
+ de-dupe attempts. This is not enough to defeat more clever
+ block compression attempts, but it will stop naive dedupe of
+ blocks. Default: true.
+
+buffer_compress_percentage=int If this is set, then fio will attempt to
+ provide IO buffer content (on WRITEs) that compress to
+ the specified level. Fio does this by providing a mix of
+ random data and zeroes. Note that this is per block size
+ unit, for file/disk wide compression level that matches
+ this setting, you'll also want to set refill_buffers.
+
+buffer_compress_chunk=int See buffer_compress_percentage. This
+ setting allows fio to manage how big the ranges of random
+ data and zeroed data is. Without this set, fio will
+ provide buffer_compress_percentage of blocksize random
+ data, followed by the remaining zeroed. With this set
+ to some chunk size smaller than the block size, fio can
+ alternate random and zeroed data throughout the IO
+ buffer.
+
nrfiles=int Number of files to use for this job. Defaults to 1.
openfiles=int Number of files to keep open at the same time. Defaults to
roundrobin Round robin over open files. This
is the default.
+ sequential Finish one file before moving on to
+ the next. Multiple files can still be
+ open depending on 'openfiles'.
+
The string can have a number appended, indicating how
often to switch to a new file. So if option random:4 is
given, fio will switch to a new random file after 4 ios
sync Basic read(2) or write(2) io. lseek(2) is
used to position the io location.
- libaio Linux native asynchronous io.
+ psync Basic pread(2) or pwrite(2) io.
+
+ vsync Basic readv(2) or writev(2) IO.
+
+ libaio Linux native asynchronous io. Note that Linux
+ may only support queued behaviour with
+ non-buffered IO (set direct=1 or buffered=0).
+ This engine defines engine specific options.
posixaio glibc posix asynchronous io.
+ solarisaio Solaris native asynchronous io.
+
+ windowsaio Windows native asynchronous io.
+
mmap File is memory mapped and data copied
to/from using memcpy(3).
itself and for debugging/testing purposes.
net Transfer over the network to given host:port.
- 'filename' must be set appropriately to
- filename=host/port regardless of send
- or receive, if the latter only the port
- argument is used.
-
- cpu Doesn't transfer any data, but burns CPU
+ Depending on the protocol used, the hostname,
+ port, listen and filename options are used to
+ specify what sort of connection to make, while
+ the protocol option determines which protocol
+ will be used.
+ This engine defines engine specific options.
+
+ netsplice Like net, but uses splice/vmsplice to
+ map data and send/receive.
+ This engine defines engine specific options.
+
+ cpuio Doesn't transfer any data, but burns CPU
cycles according to the cpuload= and
cpucycle= options. Setting cpuload=85
will cause that job to do nothing but burn
- 85% of the CPU.
+ 85% of the CPU. In case of SMP machines,
+ use numjobs=<no_of_cpu> to get desired CPU
+ usage, as the cpuload only loads a single
+ CPU at the desired rate.
guasi The GUASI IO engine is the Generic Userspace
Asyncronous Syscall Interface approach
for more info on GUASI.
+ rdma The RDMA I/O engine supports both RDMA
+ memory semantics (RDMA_WRITE/RDMA_READ) and
+ channel semantics (Send/Recv) for the
+ InfiniBand, RoCE and iWARP protocols.
+
external Prefix to specify loading an external
IO engine object file. Append the engine
filename, eg ioengine=external:/tmp/foo.o
iodepth=int This defines how many io units to keep in flight against
the file. The default is 1 for each file defined in this
job, can be overridden with a larger value for higher
- concurrency.
-
+ concurrency. Note that increasing iodepth beyond 1 will not
+ affect synchronous ioengines (except for small degress when
+ verify_async is in use). Even async engines may impose OS
+ restrictions causing the desired depth not to be achieved.
+ This may happen on Linux when using libaio and not setting
+ direct=1, since buffered IO is not async on that OS. Keep an
+ eye on the IO depth distribution in the fio output to verify
+ that the achieved depth is as expected. Default: 1.
+
+iodepth_batch_submit=int
iodepth_batch=int This defines how many pieces of IO to submit at once.
- It defaults to the same as iodepth, but can be set lower
- if one so desires.
+ It defaults to 1 which means that we submit each IO
+ as soon as it is available, but can be raised to submit
+ bigger batches of IO at the time.
+
+iodepth_batch_complete=int This defines how many pieces of IO to retrieve
+ at once. It defaults to 1 which means that we'll ask
+ for a minimum of 1 IO in the retrieval process from
+ the kernel. The IO retrieval will go on until we
+ hit the limit set by iodepth_low. If this variable is
+ set to 0, then fio will always check for completed
+ events before queuing more IO. This helps reduce
+ IO latency, at the cost of more retrieval system calls.
iodepth_low=int The low water mark indicating when to start filling
the queue again. Defaults to the same as iodepth, meaning
the depth drain down to 4 before starting to fill it again.
direct=bool If value is true, use non-buffered io. This is usually
- O_DIRECT.
+ O_DIRECT. Note that ZFS on Solaris doesn't support direct io.
+ On Windows the synchronous ioengines don't support direct io.
buffered=bool If value is true, use buffered io. This is the opposite
of the 'direct' option. Defaults to true.
-offset=siint Start io at the given offset in the file. The data before
+offset=int Start io at the given offset in the file. The data before
the given offset will not be touched. This effectively
caps the file size at real_size - offset.
+offset_increment=int If this is provided, then the real offset becomes
+ the offset + offset_increment * thread_number, where the
+ thread number is a counter that starts at 0 and is incremented
+ for each job. This option is useful if there are several jobs
+ which are intended to operate on a file in parallel in disjoint
+ segments, with even spacing between the starting points.
+
fsync=int If writing to a file, issue a sync of the dirty data
for every number of blocks given. For example, if you give
32 as a parameter, fio will sync the file for every 32
not sync the file. The exception is the sg io engine, which
synchronizes the disk cache anyway.
-overwrite=bool If writing to a file, setup the file first and do overwrites.
+fdatasync=int Like fsync= but uses fdatasync() to only sync data and not
+ metadata blocks.
+ In FreeBSD and Windows there is no fdatasync(), this falls back to
+ using fsync()
+
+sync_file_range=str:val Use sync_file_range() for every 'val' number of
+ write operations. Fio will track range of writes that
+ have happened since the last sync_file_range() call. 'str'
+ can currently be one or more of:
+
+ wait_before SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE
+ write SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE
+ wait_after SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER
+
+ So if you do sync_file_range=wait_before,write:8, fio would
+ use SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE | SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE for
+ every 8 writes. Also see the sync_file_range(2) man page.
+ This option is Linux specific.
+
+overwrite=bool If true, writes to a file will always overwrite existing
+ data. If the file doesn't already exist, it will be
+ created before the write phase begins. If the file exists
+ and is large enough for the specified write phase, nothing
+ will be done.
end_fsync=bool If true, fsync file contents when the job exits.
This differs from end_fsync in that it will happen on every
file close, not just at the end of the job.
-rwmixcycle=int Value in milliseconds describing how often to switch between
- reads and writes for a mixed workload. The default is
- 500 msecs.
-
rwmixread=int How large a percentage of the mix should be reads.
rwmixwrite=int How large a percentage of the mix should be writes. If both
rwmixread and rwmixwrite is given and the values do not add
up to 100%, the latter of the two will be used to override
- the first.
+ the first. This may interfere with a given rate setting,
+ if fio is asked to limit reads or writes to a certain rate.
+ If that is the case, then the distribution may be skewed.
norandommap Normally fio will cover every block of the file when doing
random IO. If this option is given, fio will just get a
new random offset without looking at past io history. This
means that some blocks may not be read or written, and that
some blocks may be read/written more than once. This option
- is mutually exclusive with verify= for that reason.
+ is mutually exclusive with verify= if and only if multiple
+ blocksizes (via bsrange=) are used, since fio only tracks
+ complete rewrites of blocks.
+
+softrandommap=bool See norandommap. If fio runs with the random block map
+ enabled and it fails to allocate the map, if this option is
+ set it will continue without a random block map. As coverage
+ will not be as complete as with random maps, this option is
+ disabled by default.
nice=int Run the job with the given nice value. See man nice(2).
defaults to 1 which will make fio wait 'thinktime' usecs
after every block.
-rate=int Cap the bandwidth used by this job to this number of KiB/sec.
+rate=int Cap the bandwidth used by this job. The number is in bytes/sec,
+ the normal suffix rules apply. You can use rate=500k to limit
+ reads and writes to 500k each, or you can specify read and
+ writes separately. Using rate=1m,500k would limit reads to
+ 1MB/sec and writes to 500KB/sec. Capping only reads or
+ writes can be done with rate=,500k or rate=500k,. The former
+ will only limit writes (to 500KB/sec), the latter will only
+ limit reads.
ratemin=int Tell fio to do whatever it can to maintain at least this
bandwidth. Failing to meet this requirement, will cause
- the job to exit.
+ the job to exit. The same format as rate is used for
+ read vs write separation.
rate_iops=int Cap the bandwidth to this number of IOPS. Basically the same
as rate, just specified independently of bandwidth. If the
job is given a block size range instead of a fixed value,
- the smallest block size is used as the metric.
+ the smallest block size is used as the metric. The same format
+ as rate is used for read vs write seperation.
rate_iops_min=int If fio doesn't meet this rate of IO, it will cause
- the job to exit.
+ the job to exit. The same format as rate is used for read vs
+ write seperation.
ratecycle=int Average bandwidth for 'rate' and 'ratemin' over this number
of milliseconds.
cpumask=int Set the CPU affinity of this job. The parameter given is a
- bitmask of allowed CPU's the job may run on. See man
- sched_setaffinity(2).
-
-startdelay=int Start this job the specified number of seconds after fio
+ bitmask of allowed CPU's the job may run on. So if you want
+ the allowed CPUs to be 1 and 5, you would pass the decimal
+ value of (1 << 1 | 1 << 5), or 34. See man
+ sched_setaffinity(2). This may not work on all supported
+ operating systems or kernel versions. This option doesn't
+ work well for a higher CPU count than what you can store in
+ an integer mask, so it can only control cpus 1-32. For
+ boxes with larger CPU counts, use cpus_allowed.
+
+cpus_allowed=str Controls the same options as cpumask, but it allows a text
+ setting of the permitted CPUs instead. So to use CPUs 1 and
+ 5, you would specify cpus_allowed=1,5. This options also
+ allows a range of CPUs. Say you wanted a binding to CPUs
+ 1, 5, and 8-15, you would set cpus_allowed=1,5,8-15.
+
+startdelay=time Start this job the specified number of seconds after fio
has started. Only useful if the job file contains several
jobs, and you want to delay starting some jobs to a certain
time.
-runtime=int Tell fio to terminate processing after the specified number
+runtime=time Tell fio to terminate processing after the specified number
of seconds. It can be quite hard to determine for how long
a specified job will run, so this parameter is handy to
cap the total runtime to a given time.
+time_based If set, fio will run for the duration of the runtime
+ specified even if the file(s) are completely read or
+ written. It will simply loop over the same workload
+ as many times as the runtime allows.
+
+ramp_time=time If set, fio will run the specified workload for this amount
+ of time before logging any performance numbers. Useful for
+ letting performance settle before logging results, thus
+ minimizing the runtime required for stable results. Note
+ that the ramp_time is considered lead in time for a job,
+ thus it will increase the total runtime if a special timeout
+ or runtime is specified.
+
invalidate=bool Invalidate the buffer/page cache parts for this file prior
to starting io. Defaults to true.
that for shmhuge and mmaphuge to work, the system must have
free huge pages allocated. This can normally be checked
and set by reading/writing /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages on a
- Linux system. Fio assumes a huge page is 4MiB in size. So
+ Linux system. Fio assumes a huge page is 4MB in size. So
to calculate the number of huge pages you need for a given
job file, add up the io depth of all jobs (normally one unless
iodepth= is used) and multiply by the maximum bs set. Then
location should point there. So if it's mounted in /huge,
you would use mem=mmaphuge:/huge/somefile.
-hugepage-size=siint
+iomem_align=int This indiciates the memory alignment of the IO memory buffers.
+ Note that the given alignment is applied to the first IO unit
+ buffer, if using iodepth the alignment of the following buffers
+ are given by the bs used. In other words, if using a bs that is
+ a multiple of the page sized in the system, all buffers will
+ be aligned to this value. If using a bs that is not page
+ aligned, the alignment of subsequent IO memory buffers is the
+ sum of the iomem_align and bs used.
+
+hugepage-size=int
Defines the size of a huge page. Must at least be equal
- to the system setting, see /proc/meminfo. Defaults to 4MiB.
+ to the system setting, see /proc/meminfo. Defaults to 4MB.
Should probably always be a multiple of megabytes, so using
hugepage-size=Xm is the preferred way to set this to avoid
setting a non-pow-2 bad value.
bwavgtime=int Average the calculated bandwidth over the given time. Value
is specified in milliseconds.
+iopsavgtime=int Average the calculated IOPS over the given time. Value
+ is specified in milliseconds.
+
create_serialize=bool If true, serialize the file creating for the jobs.
This may be handy to avoid interleaving of data
files, which may greatly depend on the filesystem
create_fsync=bool fsync the data file after creation. This is the
default.
+create_on_open=bool Don't pre-setup the files for IO, just create open()
+ when it's time to do IO to that file.
+
+pre_read=bool If this is given, files will be pre-read into memory before
+ starting the given IO operation. This will also clear
+ the 'invalidate' flag, since it is pointless to pre-read
+ and then drop the cache. This will only work for IO engines
+ that are seekable, since they allow you to read the same data
+ multiple times. Thus it will not work on eg network or splice
+ IO.
+
unlink=bool Unlink the job files when done. Not the default, as repeated
- runs of that job would then waste time recreating the fileset
- again and again.
+ runs of that job would then waste time recreating the file
+ set again and again.
loops=int Run the specified number of iterations of this job. Used
to repeat the same workload a given number of times. Defaults
to 1.
+do_verify=bool Run the verify phase after a write phase. Only makes sense if
+ verify is set. Defaults to 1.
+
verify=str If writing to a file, fio can verify the file contents
after each iteration of the job. The allowed values are:
md5 Use an md5 sum of the data area and store
it in the header of each block.
+ crc64 Use an experimental crc64 sum of the data
+ area and store it in the header of each
+ block.
+
+ crc32c Use a crc32c sum of the data area and store
+ it in the header of each block.
+
+ crc32c-intel Use hardware assisted crc32c calcuation
+ provided on SSE4.2 enabled processors. Falls
+ back to regular software crc32c, if not
+ supported by the system.
+
crc32 Use a crc32 sum of the data area and store
it in the header of each block.
+ crc16 Use a crc16 sum of the data area and store
+ it in the header of each block.
+
+ crc7 Use a crc7 sum of the data area and store
+ it in the header of each block.
+
+ sha512 Use sha512 as the checksum function.
+
+ sha256 Use sha256 as the checksum function.
+
+ sha1 Use optimized sha1 as the checksum function.
+
+ meta Write extra information about each io
+ (timestamp, block number etc.). The block
+ number is verified. See also verify_pattern.
+
+ null Only pretend to verify. Useful for testing
+ internals with ioengine=null, not for much
+ else.
+
This option can be used for repeated burn-in tests of a
system to make sure that the written data is also
- correctly read back.
-
-stonewall Wait for preceeding jobs in the job file to exit, before
+ correctly read back. If the data direction given is
+ a read or random read, fio will assume that it should
+ verify a previously written file. If the data direction
+ includes any form of write, the verify will be of the
+ newly written data.
+
+verifysort=bool If set, fio will sort written verify blocks when it deems
+ it faster to read them back in a sorted manner. This is
+ often the case when overwriting an existing file, since
+ the blocks are already laid out in the file system. You
+ can ignore this option unless doing huge amounts of really
+ fast IO where the red-black tree sorting CPU time becomes
+ significant.
+
+verify_offset=int Swap the verification header with data somewhere else
+ in the block before writing. Its swapped back before
+ verifying.
+
+verify_interval=int Write the verification header at a finer granularity
+ than the blocksize. It will be written for chunks the
+ size of header_interval. blocksize should divide this
+ evenly.
+
+verify_pattern=str If set, fio will fill the io buffers with this
+ pattern. Fio defaults to filling with totally random
+ bytes, but sometimes it's interesting to fill with a known
+ pattern for io verification purposes. Depending on the
+ width of the pattern, fio will fill 1/2/3/4 bytes of the
+ buffer at the time(it can be either a decimal or a hex number).
+ The verify_pattern if larger than a 32-bit quantity has to
+ be a hex number that starts with either "0x" or "0X". Use
+ with verify=meta.
+
+verify_fatal=bool Normally fio will keep checking the entire contents
+ before quitting on a block verification failure. If this
+ option is set, fio will exit the job on the first observed
+ failure.
+
+verify_dump=bool If set, dump the contents of both the original data
+ block and the data block we read off disk to files. This
+ allows later analysis to inspect just what kind of data
+ corruption occurred. Off by default.
+
+verify_async=int Fio will normally verify IO inline from the submitting
+ thread. This option takes an integer describing how many
+ async offload threads to create for IO verification instead,
+ causing fio to offload the duty of verifying IO contents
+ to one or more separate threads. If using this offload
+ option, even sync IO engines can benefit from using an
+ iodepth setting higher than 1, as it allows them to have
+ IO in flight while verifies are running.
+
+verify_async_cpus=str Tell fio to set the given CPU affinity on the
+ async IO verification threads. See cpus_allowed for the
+ format used.
+
+verify_backlog=int Fio will normally verify the written contents of a
+ job that utilizes verify once that job has completed. In
+ other words, everything is written then everything is read
+ back and verified. You may want to verify continually
+ instead for a variety of reasons. Fio stores the meta data
+ associated with an IO block in memory, so for large
+ verify workloads, quite a bit of memory would be used up
+ holding this meta data. If this option is enabled, fio
+ will write only N blocks before verifying these blocks.
+
+ will verify the previously written blocks before continuing
+ to write new ones.
+
+verify_backlog_batch=int Control how many blocks fio will verify
+ if verify_backlog is set. If not set, will default to
+ the value of verify_backlog (meaning the entire queue
+ is read back and verified). If verify_backlog_batch is
+ less than verify_backlog then not all blocks will be verified,
+ if verify_backlog_batch is larger than verify_backlog, some
+ blocks will be verified more than once.
+
+stonewall
+wait_for_previous Wait for preceeding jobs in the job file to exit, before
starting this one. Can be used to insert serialization
points in the job file. A stone wall also implies starting
a new reporting group.
new_group Start a new reporting group. If this option isn't given,
jobs in a file will be part of the same reporting group
- unless seperated by a stone wall (or if it's a group
+ unless separated by a stone wall (or if it's a group
by itself, with the numjobs option).
numjobs=int Create the specified number of clones of this job. May be
given, fio will use pthread_create(3) to create threads
instead.
-zonesize=siint Divide a file into zones of the specified size. See zoneskip.
+zonesize=int Divide a file into zones of the specified size. See zoneskip.
-zoneskip=siint Skip the specified number of bytes when zonesize data has
+zoneskip=int Skip the specified number of bytes when zonesize data has
been read. The two zone options can be used to only do
io on zones of a file.
write_iolog=str Write the issued io patterns to the specified file. See
- read_iolog.
+ read_iolog. Specify a separate file for each job, otherwise
+ the iologs will be interspersed and the file may be corrupt.
read_iolog=str Open an iolog with the specified file name and replay the
io patterns it contains. This can be used to store a
- workload and replay it sometime later.
-
-write_bw_log If given, write a bandwidth log of the jobs in this job
+ workload and replay it sometime later. The iolog given
+ may also be a blktrace binary file, which allows fio
+ to replay a workload captured by blktrace. See blktrace
+ for how to capture such logging data. For blktrace replay,
+ the file needs to be turned into a blkparse binary data
+ file first (blkparse <device> -o /dev/null -d file_for_fio.bin).
+
+replay_no_stall=int When replaying I/O with read_iolog the default behavior
+ is to attempt to respect the time stamps within the log and
+ replay them with the appropriate delay between IOPS. By
+ setting this variable fio will not respect the timestamps and
+ attempt to replay them as fast as possible while still
+ respecting ordering. The result is the same I/O pattern to a
+ given device, but different timings.
+
+replay_redirect=str While replaying I/O patterns using read_iolog the
+ default behavior is to replay the IOPS onto the major/minor
+ device that each IOP was recorded from. This is sometimes
+ undesireable because on a different machine those major/minor
+ numbers can map to a different device. Changing hardware on
+ the same system can also result in a different major/minor
+ mapping. Replay_redirect causes all IOPS to be replayed onto
+ the single specified device regardless of the device it was
+ recorded from. i.e. replay_redirect=/dev/sdc would cause all
+ IO in the blktrace to be replayed onto /dev/sdc. This means
+ multiple devices will be replayed onto a single, if the trace
+ contains multiple devices. If you want multiple devices to be
+ replayed concurrently to multiple redirected devices you must
+ blkparse your trace into separate traces and replay them with
+ independent fio invocations. Unfortuantely this also breaks
+ the strict time ordering between multiple device accesses.
+
+write_bw_log=str If given, write a bandwidth log of the jobs in this job
file. Can be used to store data of the bandwidth of the
jobs in their lifetime. The included fio_generate_plots
script uses gnuplot to turn these text files into nice
- graphs.
+ graphs. See write_log_log for behaviour of given
+ filename. For this option, the postfix is _bw.log.
+
+write_lat_log=str Same as write_bw_log, except that this option stores io
+ submission, completion, and total latencies instead. If no
+ filename is given with this option, the default filename of
+ "jobname_type.log" is used. Even if the filename is given,
+ fio will still append the type of log. So if one specifies
+
+ write_lat_log=foo
+
+ The actual log names will be foo_slat.log, foo_slat.log,
+ and foo_lat.log. This helps fio_generate_plot fine the logs
+ automatically.
-write_lat_log Same as write_bw_log, except that this option stores io
- completion latencies instead.
+write_bw_log=str If given, write an IOPS log of the jobs in this job
+ file. See write_bw_log.
-lockmem=siint Pin down the specified amount of memory with mlock(2). Can
+write_iops_log=str Same as write_bw_log, but writes IOPS. If no filename is
+ given with this option, the default filename of
+ "jobname_type.log" is used. Even if the filename is given,
+ fio will still append the type of log.
+
+log_avg_msec=int By default, fio will log an entry in the iops, latency,
+ or bw log for every IO that completes. When writing to the
+ disk log, that can quickly grow to a very large size. Setting
+ this option makes fio average the each log entry over the
+ specified period of time, reducing the resolution of the log.
+ Defaults to 0.
+
+lockmem=int Pin down the specified amount of memory with mlock(2). Can
potentially be used instead of removing memory or booting
with less memory to simulate a smaller amount of memory.
percentage of CPU cycles.
cpuchunks=int If the job is a CPU cycle eater, split the load into
- cycles of the given time. In milliseconds.
+ cycles of the given time. In microseconds.
+
+disk_util=bool Generate disk utilization statistics, if the platform
+ supports it. Defaults to on.
+
+disable_lat=bool Disable measurements of total latency numbers. Useful
+ only for cutting back the number of calls to gettimeofday,
+ as that does impact performance at really high IOPS rates.
+ Note that to really get rid of a large amount of these
+ calls, this option must be used with disable_slat and
+ disable_bw as well.
+
+disable_clat=bool Disable measurements of completion latency numbers. See
+ disable_lat.
+
+disable_slat=bool Disable measurements of submission latency numbers. See
+ disable_slat.
+
+disable_bw=bool Disable measurements of throughput/bandwidth numbers. See
+ disable_lat.
+
+clat_percentiles=bool Enable the reporting of percentiles of
+ completion latencies.
+
+percentile_list=float_list Overwrite the default list of percentiles
+ for completion latencies. Each number is a floating
+ number in the range (0,100], and the maximum length of
+ the list is 20. Use ':' to separate the numbers, and
+ list the numbers in ascending order. For example,
+ --percentile_list=99.5:99.9 will cause fio to report
+ the values of completion latency below which 99.5% and
+ 99.9% of the observed latencies fell, respectively.
+
+gtod_reduce=bool Enable all of the gettimeofday() reducing options
+ (disable_clat, disable_slat, disable_bw) plus reduce
+ precision of the timeout somewhat to really shrink
+ the gettimeofday() call count. With this option enabled,
+ we only do about 0.4% of the gtod() calls we would have
+ done if all time keeping was enabled.
+
+gtod_cpu=int Sometimes it's cheaper to dedicate a single thread of
+ execution to just getting the current time. Fio (and
+ databases, for instance) are very intensive on gettimeofday()
+ calls. With this option, you can set one CPU aside for
+ doing nothing but logging current time to a shared memory
+ location. Then the other threads/processes that run IO
+ workloads need only copy that segment, instead of entering
+ the kernel with a gettimeofday() call. The CPU set aside
+ for doing these time calls will be excluded from other
+ uses. Fio will manually clear it from the CPU mask of other
+ jobs.
+
+continue_on_error=str Normally fio will exit the job on the first observed
+ failure. If this option is set, fio will continue the job when
+ there is a 'non-fatal error' (EIO or EILSEQ) until the runtime
+ is exceeded or the I/O size specified is completed. If this
+ option is used, there are two more stats that are appended,
+ the total error count and the first error. The error field
+ given in the stats is the first error that was hit during the
+ run.
+
+ The allowed values are:
+
+ none Exit on any IO or verify errors.
+
+ read Continue on read errors, exit on all others.
+
+ write Continue on write errors, exit on all others.
+
+ io Continue on any IO error, exit on all others.
+
+ verify Continue on verify errors, exit on all others.
+
+ all Continue on all errors.
+
+ 0 Backward-compatible alias for 'none'.
+
+ 1 Backward-compatible alias for 'all'.
+
+cgroup=str Add job to this control group. If it doesn't exist, it will
+ be created. The system must have a mounted cgroup blkio
+ mount point for this to work. If your system doesn't have it
+ mounted, you can do so with:
+
+ # mount -t cgroup -o blkio none /cgroup
+
+cgroup_weight=int Set the weight of the cgroup to this value. See
+ the documentation that comes with the kernel, allowed values
+ are in the range of 100..1000.
+
+cgroup_nodelete=bool Normally fio will delete the cgroups it has created after
+ the job completion. To override this behavior and to leave
+ cgroups around after the job completion, set cgroup_nodelete=1.
+ This can be useful if one wants to inspect various cgroup
+ files after job completion. Default: false
+
+uid=int Instead of running as the invoking user, set the user ID to
+ this value before the thread/process does any work.
+
+gid=int Set group ID, see uid.
+
+flow_id=int The ID of the flow. If not specified, it defaults to being a
+ global flow. See flow.
+
+flow=int Weight in token-based flow control. If this value is used, then
+ there is a 'flow counter' which is used to regulate the
+ proportion of activity between two or more jobs. fio attempts
+ to keep this flow counter near zero. The 'flow' parameter
+ stands for how much should be added or subtracted to the flow
+ counter on each iteration of the main I/O loop. That is, if
+ one job has flow=8 and another job has flow=-1, then there
+ will be a roughly 1:8 ratio in how much one runs vs the other.
+
+flow_watermark=int The maximum value that the absolute value of the flow
+ counter is allowed to reach before the job must wait for a
+ lower value of the counter.
+
+flow_sleep=int The period of time, in microseconds, to wait after the flow
+ watermark has been exceeded before retrying operations
+
+In addition, there are some parameters which are only valid when a specific
+ioengine is in use. These are used identically to normal parameters, with the
+caveat that when used on the command line, they must come after the ioengine
+that defines them is selected.
+
+[libaio] userspace_reap Normally, with the libaio engine in use, fio will use
+ the io_getevents system call to reap newly returned events.
+ With this flag turned on, the AIO ring will be read directly
+ from user-space to reap events. The reaping mode is only
+ enabled when polling for a minimum of 0 events (eg when
+ iodepth_batch_complete=0).
+
+[netsplice] hostname=str
+[net] hostname=str The host name or IP address to use for TCP or UDP based IO.
+ If the job is a TCP listener or UDP reader, the hostname is not
+ used and must be omitted.
+
+[netsplice] port=int
+[net] port=int The TCP or UDP port to bind to or connect to.
+
+[netsplice] protocol=str
+[netsplice] proto=str
+[net] protocol=str
+[net] proto=str The network protocol to use. Accepted values are:
+
+ tcp Transmission control protocol
+ udp Unreliable datagram protocol
+ unix UNIX domain socket
+
+ When the protocol is TCP or UDP, the port must also be given,
+ as well as the hostname if the job is a TCP listener or UDP
+ reader. For unix sockets, the normal filename option should be
+ used and the port is invalid.
+
+[net] listen For TCP network connections, tell fio to listen for incoming
+ connections rather than initiating an outgoing connection. The
+ hostname must be omitted if this option is used.
6.0 Interpreting the output
P Thread setup, but not started.
C Thread created.
I Thread initialized, waiting.
+ p Thread running pre-reading file(s).
R Running, doing sequential reads.
r Running, doing random reads.
W Running, doing sequential writes.
M Running, doing mixed sequential reads/writes.
m Running, doing mixed random reads/writes.
F Running, currently waiting for fsync()
-V Running, doing verification of written data.
+ V Running, doing verification of written data.
E Thread exited, not reaped by main thread yet.
-_ Thread reaped.
+_ Thread reaped, or
+X Thread reaped, exited with an error.
+K Thread reaped, exited due to signal.
The other values are fairly self explanatory - number of threads
-currently running and doing io, rate of io since last check, and the estimated
-completion percentage and time for the running group. It's impossible to
-estimate runtime of the following groups (if any).
+currently running and doing io, rate of io since last check (read speed
+listed first, then write speed), and the estimated completion percentage
+and time for the running group. It's impossible to estimate runtime of
+the following groups (if any). Note that the string is displayed in order,
+so it's possible to tell which of the jobs are currently doing what. The
+first character is the first job defined in the job file, and so forth.
When fio is done (or interrupted by ctrl-c), it will show the data for
each thread, group of threads, and disks in that order. For each data
direction, the output looks like:
Client1 (g=0): err= 0:
- write: io= 32MiB, bw= 666KiB/s, runt= 50320msec
+ write: io= 32MB, bw= 666KB/s, iops=89 , runt= 50320msec
slat (msec): min= 0, max= 136, avg= 0.03, stdev= 1.92
clat (msec): min= 0, max= 631, avg=48.50, stdev=86.82
- bw (KiB/s) : min= 0, max= 1196, per=51.00%, avg=664.02, stdev=681.68
- cpu : usr=1.49%, sys=0.25%, ctx=7969
+ bw (KB/s) : min= 0, max= 1196, per=51.00%, avg=664.02, stdev=681.68
+ cpu : usr=1.49%, sys=0.25%, ctx=7969, majf=0, minf=17
IO depths : 1=0.1%, 2=0.3%, 4=0.5%, 8=99.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >32=0.0%
+ submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
+ complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
+ issued r/w: total=0/32768, short=0/0
lat (msec): 2=1.6%, 4=0.0%, 10=3.2%, 20=12.8%, 50=38.4%, 100=24.8%,
lat (msec): 250=15.2%, 500=0.0%, 750=0.0%, 1000=0.0%, >=2048=0.0%
io= Number of megabytes io performed
bw= Average bandwidth rate
+iops= Average IOs performed per second
runt= The runtime of that thread
slat= Submission latency (avg being the average, stdev being the
standard deviation). This is the time it took to submit
the io. For sync io, the slat is really the completion
- latency, since queue/complete is one operation there.
+ latency, since queue/complete is one operation there. This
+ value can be in milliseconds or microseconds, fio will choose
+ the most appropriate base and print that. In the example
+ above, milliseconds is the best scale. Note: in --minimal mode
+ latencies are always expressed in microseconds.
clat= Completion latency. Same names as slat, this denotes the
time from submission to completion of the io pieces. For
sync io, clat will usually be equal (or very close) to 0,
only really useful if the threads in this group are on the
same disk, since they are then competing for disk access.
cpu= CPU usage. User and system time, along with the number
- of context switches this thread went through.
+ of context switches this thread went through, usage of
+ system and user time, and finally the number of major
+ and minor page faults.
IO depths= The distribution of io depths over the job life time. The
numbers are divided into powers of 2, so for example the
16= entries includes depths up to that value but higher
than the previous entry. In other words, it covers the
range from 16 to 31.
+IO submit= How many pieces of IO were submitting in a single submit
+ call. Each entry denotes that amount and below, until
+ the previous entry - eg, 8=100% mean that we submitted
+ anywhere in between 5-8 ios per submit call.
+IO complete= Like the above submit number, but for completions instead.
+IO issued= The number of read/write requests issued, and how many
+ of them were short.
IO latencies= The distribution of IO completion latencies. This is the
time from when IO leaves fio and when it gets completed.
The numbers follow the same pattern as the IO depths,
will look like this:
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
- READ: io=64MiB, aggrb=22178, minb=11355, maxb=11814, mint=2840msec, maxt=2955msec
- WRITE: io=64MiB, aggrb=1302, minb=666, maxb=669, mint=50093msec, maxt=50320msec
+ READ: io=64MB, aggrb=22178, minb=11355, maxb=11814, mint=2840msec, maxt=2955msec
+ WRITE: io=64MB, aggrb=1302, minb=666, maxb=669, mint=50093msec, maxt=50320msec
For each data direction, it prints:
of the results, fio can output the results in a semicolon separated format.
The format is one long line of values, such as:
-client1;0;0;1906777;1090804;1790;0;0;0.000000;0.000000;0;0;0.000000;0.000000;929380;1152890;25.510151%;1078276.333333;128948.113404;0;0;0;0;0;0.000000;0.000000;0;0;0.000000;0.000000;0;0;0.000000%;0.000000;0.000000;100.000000%;0.000000%;324;100.0%;0.0%;0.0%;0.0%;0.0%;0.0%;0.0%;100.0%;0.0%;0.0%;0.0%;0.0%;0.0%
-;0.0%;0.0%;0.0%;0.0%;0.0%
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+A description of this job goes here.
+
+The job description (if provided) follows on a second line.
+
+To enable terse output, use the --minimal command line option. The first
+value is the version of the terse output format. If the output has to
+be changed for some reason, this number will be incremented by 1 to
+signify that change.
Split up, the format is as follows:
- jobname, groupid, error
+ terse version, fio version, jobname, groupid, error
READ status:
- KiB IO, bandwidth (KiB/sec), runtime (msec)
- Submission latency: min, max, mean, deviation
- Completion latency: min, max, mean, deviation
- Bw: min, max, aggregate percentage of total, mean, deviation
+ Total IO (KB), bandwidth (KB/sec), IOPS, runtime (msec)
+ Submission latency: min, max, mean, deviation (usec)
+ Completion latency: min, max, mean, deviation (usec)
+ Completion latency percentiles: 20 fields (see below)
+ Total latency: min, max, mean, deviation (usec)
+ Bw (KB/s): min, max, aggregate percentage of total, mean, deviation
WRITE status:
- KiB IO, bandwidth (KiB/sec), runtime (msec)
- Submission latency: min, max, mean, deviation
- Completion latency: min, max, mean, deviation
- Bw: min, max, aggregate percentage of total, mean, deviation
- CPU usage: user, system, context switches
+ Total IO (KB), bandwidth (KB/sec), IOPS, runtime (msec)
+ Submission latency: min, max, mean, deviation (usec)
+ Completion latency: min, max, mean, deviation (usec)
+ Completion latency percentiles: 20 fields (see below)
+ Total latency: min, max, mean, deviation (usec)
+ Bw (KB/s): min, max, aggregate percentage of total, mean, deviation
+ CPU usage: user, system, context switches, major faults, minor faults
IO depths: <=1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, >=64
- IO latencies: <=2, 4, 10, 20, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000, >=2000
- Text description
+ IO latencies microseconds: <=2, 4, 10, 20, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000
+ IO latencies milliseconds: <=2, 4, 10, 20, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 2000, >=2000
+ Disk utilization: Disk name, Read ios, write ios,
+ Read merges, write merges,
+ Read ticks, write ticks,
+ Time spent in queue, disk utilization percentage
+ Additional Info (dependant on continue_on_error, default off): total # errors, first error code
+
+ Additional Info (dependant on description being set): Text description
+
+Completion latency percentiles can be a grouping of up to 20 sets, so
+for the terse output fio writes all of them. Each field will look like this:
+
+ 1.00%=6112
+
+which is the Xth percentile, and the usec latency associated with it.
+
+For disk utilization, all disks used by fio are shown. So for each disk
+there will be a disk utilization section.
+
+
+8.0 Trace file format
+---------------------
+There are two trace file format that you can encounter. The older (v1) format
+is unsupported since version 1.20-rc3 (March 2008). It will still be described
+below in case that you get an old trace and want to understand it.
+
+In any case the trace is a simple text file with a single action per line.
+
+
+8.1 Trace file format v1
+------------------------
+Each line represents a single io action in the following format:
+
+rw, offset, length
+
+where rw=0/1 for read/write, and the offset and length entries being in bytes.
+
+This format is not supported in Fio versions => 1.20-rc3.
+
+
+8.2 Trace file format v2
+------------------------
+The second version of the trace file format was added in Fio version 1.17.
+It allows to access more then one file per trace and has a bigger set of
+possible file actions.
+
+The first line of the trace file has to be:
+
+fio version 2 iolog
+
+Following this can be lines in two different formats, which are described below.
+
+The file management format:
+
+filename action
+
+The filename is given as an absolute path. The action can be one of these:
+
+add Add the given filename to the trace
+open Open the file with the given filename. The filename has to have
+ been added with the add action before.
+close Close the file with the given filename. The file has to have been
+ opened before.
+
+
+The file io action format:
+
+filename action offset length
+
+The filename is given as an absolute path, and has to have been added and opened
+before it can be used with this format. The offset and length are given in
+bytes. The action can be one of these:
+wait Wait for 'offset' microseconds. Everything below 100 is discarded.
+read Read 'length' bytes beginning from 'offset'
+write Write 'length' bytes beginning from 'offset'
+sync fsync() the file
+datasync fdatasync() the file
+trim trim the given file from the given 'offset' for 'length' bytes
projects / fio.git / blobdiff