options.c

   1 #include <stdio.h>
   2 #include <stdlib.h>
   3 #include <unistd.h>
   4 #include <ctype.h>
   5 #include <string.h>
   6 #include <assert.h>
   7 #include <libgen.h>
   8 #include <fcntl.h>
   9 #include <sys/types.h>
  10 #include <sys/stat.h>
  11
  12 #include "fio.h"
  13 #include "verify.h"
  14 #include "parse.h"
  15 #include "lib/fls.h"
  16 #include "options.h"
  17
  18 #include "crc/crc32c.h"
  19
  20 /*
  21  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
  22  */
  23 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
  24 {
  25         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
  26
  27         if (!p)
  28                 return NULL;
  29
  30         p++;
  31         strip_blank_front(&p);
  32         strip_blank_end(p);
  33         return strdup(p);
  34 }
  35
  36 static int converthexchartoint(char a)
  37 {
  38         int base;
  39
  40         switch(a) {
  41         case '0'...'9':
  42                 base = '0';
  43                 break;
  44         case 'A'...'F':
  45                 base = 'A' - 10;
  46                 break;
  47         case 'a'...'f':
  48                 base = 'a' - 10;
  49                 break;
  50         default:
  51                 base = 0;
  52         }
  53         return (a - base);
  54 }
  55
  56 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  57 {
  58         const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
  59         const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
  60
  61         return bsp1->perc < bsp2->perc;
  62 }
  63
  64 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_data *td, int ddir, char *str)
  65 {
  66         struct bssplit *bssplit;
  67         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
  68         unsigned int max_bs, min_bs;
  69         long long val;
  70         char *fname;
  71
  72         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] = 4;
  73         bssplit = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  74
  75         i = 0;
  76         max_bs = 0;
  77         min_bs = -1;
  78         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
  79                 char *perc_str;
  80
  81                 if (!strlen(fname))
  82                         break;
  83
  84                 /*
  85                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
  86                  */
  87                 if (i == td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]) {
  88                         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] <<= 1;
  89                         bssplit = realloc(bssplit, td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]
  90                                                   * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  91                 }
  92
  93                 perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
  94                 if (perc_str) {
  95                         *perc_str = '\0';
  96                         perc_str++;
  97                         perc = atoi(perc_str);
  98                         if (perc > 100)
  99                                 perc = 100;
 100                         else if (!perc)
 101                                 perc = -1;
 102                 } else
 103                         perc = -1;
 104
 105                 if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, td)) {
 106                         log_err("fio: bssplit conversion failed\n");
 107                         free(td->o.bssplit);
 108                         return 1;
 109                 }
 110
 111                 if (val > max_bs)
 112                         max_bs = val;
 113                 if (val < min_bs)
 114                         min_bs = val;
 115
 116                 bssplit[i].bs = val;
 117                 bssplit[i].perc = perc;
 118                 i++;
 119         }
 120
 121         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] = i;
 122
 123         /*
 124          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 125          */
 126         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 127         for (i = 0; i < td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 128                 struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 129
 130                 if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 131                         perc_missing++;
 132                 else
 133                         perc += bsp->perc;
 134         }
 135
 136         if (perc > 100) {
 137                 log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 138                 free(bssplit);
 139                 return 1;
 140         }
 141         /*
 142          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 143          * them.
 144          */
 145         if (perc_missing) {
 146                 for (i = 0; i < td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 147                         struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 148
 149                         if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 150                                 bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 151                 }
 152         }
 153
 154         td->o.min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
 155         td->o.max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
 156
 157         /*
 158          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 159          */
 160         qsort(bssplit, td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
 161         td->o.bssplit[ddir] = bssplit;
 162         return 0;
 163
 164 }
 165
 166 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 167 {
 168         struct thread_data *td = data;
 169         char *str, *p, *odir;
 170         int ret = 0;
 171
 172         p = str = strdup(input);
 173
 174         strip_blank_front(&str);
 175         strip_blank_end(str);
 176
 177         odir = strchr(str, ',');
 178         if (odir) {
 179                 ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1);
 180                 if (!ret) {
 181                         *odir = '\0';
 182                         ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_READ, str);
 183                 }
 184         } else {
 185                 char *op;
 186
 187                 op = strdup(str);
 188
 189                 ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_READ, str);
 190                 if (!ret)
 191                         ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_WRITE, op);
 192
 193                 free(op);
 194         }
 195
 196         free(p);
 197         return ret;
 198 }
 199
 200 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 201 {
 202         struct thread_data *td = data;
 203         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 204
 205         td->o.ddir_seq_nr = 1;
 206         if (nr) {
 207                 td->o.ddir_seq_nr = atoi(nr);
 208                 free(nr);
 209         }
 210
 211         return 0;
 212 }
 213
 214 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 215 {
 216         struct thread_data *td = data;
 217
 218         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAP) {
 219                 td->mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
 220                 if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE && !td->mmapfile) {
 221                         log_err("fio: mmaphuge:/path/to/file\n");
 222                         return 1;
 223                 }
 224         }
 225
 226         return 0;
 227 }
 228
 229 static int str_verify_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 230 {
 231         struct thread_data *td = data;
 232
 233         if (td->o.verify != VERIFY_CRC32C_INTEL)
 234                 return 0;
 235
 236         if (!crc32c_intel_works()) {
 237                 log_info("fio: System does not support hw accelerated crc32c. Falling back to sw crc32c.\n");
 238                 td->o.verify = VERIFY_CRC32C;
 239         }
 240
 241         return 0;
 242 }
 243
 244 static int fio_clock_source_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 245 {
 246         struct thread_data *td = data;
 247
 248         fio_clock_source = td->o.clocksource;
 249         fio_time_init();
 250         return 0;
 251 }
 252
 253 static int str_lockmem_cb(void fio_unused *data, unsigned long long *val)
 254 {
 255         mlock_size = *val;
 256         return 0;
 257 }
 258
 259 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 260 {
 261         struct thread_data *td = data;
 262
 263         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
 264         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
 265         return 0;
 266 }
 267
 268 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 269 {
 270         struct thread_data *td = data;
 271
 272         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
 273         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
 274         return 0;
 275 }
 276
 277 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
 278 static int str_prioclass_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 279 {
 280         struct thread_data *td = data;
 281         unsigned short mask;
 282
 283         /*
 284          * mask off old class bits, str_prio_cb() may have set a default class
 285          */
 286         mask = (1 << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT) - 1;
 287         td->ioprio &= mask;
 288
 289         td->ioprio |= *val << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT;
 290         td->ioprio_set = 1;
 291         return 0;
 292 }
 293
 294 static int str_prio_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 295 {
 296         struct thread_data *td = data;
 297
 298         td->ioprio |= *val;
 299
 300         /*
 301          * If no class is set, assume BE
 302          */
 303         if ((td->ioprio >> IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT) == 0)
 304                 td->ioprio |= IOPRIO_CLASS_BE << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT;
 305
 306         td->ioprio_set = 1;
 307         return 0;
 308 }
 309 #endif
 310
 311 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
 312 {
 313         exitall_on_terminate = 1;
 314         return 0;
 315 }
 316
 317 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 318 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 319 {
 320         struct thread_data *td = data;
 321         unsigned int i;
 322         long max_cpu;
 323         int ret;
 324
 325         ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
 326         if (ret < 0) {
 327                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 328                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 329                 return 1;
 330         }
 331
 332         max_cpu = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
 333
 334         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
 335                 if ((1 << i) & *val) {
 336                         if (i > max_cpu) {
 337                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
 338                                                                 max_cpu);
 339                                 return 1;
 340                         }
 341                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
 342                         fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
 343                 }
 344         }
 345
 346         td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 347         return 0;
 348 }
 349
 350 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
 351                             const char *input)
 352 {
 353         char *cpu, *str, *p;
 354         long max_cpu;
 355         int ret = 0;
 356
 357         ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
 358         if (ret < 0) {
 359                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 360                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 361                 return 1;
 362         }
 363
 364         p = str = strdup(input);
 365
 366         strip_blank_front(&str);
 367         strip_blank_end(str);
 368
 369         max_cpu = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
 370
 371         while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
 372                 char *str2, *cpu2;
 373                 int icpu, icpu2;
 374
 375                 if (!strlen(cpu))
 376                         break;
 377
 378                 str2 = cpu;
 379                 icpu2 = -1;
 380                 while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
 381                         if (!strlen(cpu2))
 382                                 break;
 383
 384                         icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
 385                 }
 386
 387                 icpu = atoi(cpu);
 388                 if (icpu2 == -1)
 389                         icpu2 = icpu;
 390                 while (icpu <= icpu2) {
 391                         if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
 392                                 log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
 393                                         " %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
 394                                 ret = 1;
 395                                 break;
 396                         }
 397                         if (icpu > max_cpu) {
 398                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
 399                                                         icpu, max_cpu);
 400                                 ret = 1;
 401                                 break;
 402                         }
 403
 404                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
 405                         fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
 406                         icpu++;
 407                 }
 408                 if (ret)
 409                         break;
 410         }
 411
 412         free(p);
 413         if (!ret)
 414                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 415         return ret;
 416 }
 417
 418 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 419 {
 420         struct thread_data *td = data;
 421         int ret;
 422
 423         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
 424         if (!ret)
 425                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 426
 427         return ret;
 428 }
 429
 430 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 431 {
 432         struct thread_data *td = data;
 433         int ret;
 434
 435         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
 436         if (!ret)
 437                 td->o.verify_cpumask_set = 1;
 438
 439         return ret;
 440 }
 441 #endif
 442
 443 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 444 {
 445         struct thread_data *td = data;
 446         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 447
 448         td->file_service_nr = 1;
 449         if (nr) {
 450                 td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
 451                 free(nr);
 452         }
 453
 454         return 0;
 455 }
 456
 457 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
 458 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 459 {
 460         struct thread_data *td = data;
 461         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 462
 463         td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
 464         if (nr) {
 465                 td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
 466                 free(nr);
 467         }
 468
 469         return 0;
 470 }
 471 #endif
 472
 473 static int check_dir(struct thread_data *td, char *fname)
 474 {
 475         char file[PATH_MAX], *dir;
 476         int elen = 0;
 477
 478         if (td->o.directory) {
 479                 strcpy(file, td->o.directory);
 480                 strcat(file, "/");
 481                 elen = strlen(file);
 482         }
 483
 484         sprintf(file + elen, "%s", fname);
 485         dir = dirname(file);
 486
 487 #if 0
 488         {
 489         struct stat sb;
 490         /*
 491          * We can't do this on FIO_DISKLESSIO engines. The engine isn't loaded
 492          * yet, so we can't do this check right here...
 493          */
 494         if (lstat(dir, &sb) < 0) {
 495                 int ret = errno;
 496
 497                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dir);
 498                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 499                 return 1;
 500         }
 501
 502         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 503                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dir);
 504                 return 1;
 505         }
 506         }
 507 #endif
 508
 509         return 0;
 510 }
 511
 512 /*
 513  * Return next file in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
 514  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
 515  * indicate a new file.
 516  */
 517 static char *get_next_file_name(char **ptr)
 518 {
 519         char *str = *ptr;
 520         char *p, *start;
 521
 522         if (!str || !strlen(str))
 523                 return NULL;
 524
 525         start = str;
 526         do {
 527                 /*
 528                  * No colon, we are done
 529                  */
 530                 p = strchr(str, ':');
 531                 if (!p) {
 532                         *ptr = NULL;
 533                         break;
 534                 }
 535
 536                 /*
 537                  * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
 538                  * continue
 539                  */
 540                 if (p == start) {
 541                         str = ++start;
 542                         continue;
 543                 }
 544
 545                 if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
 546                         *p = '\0';
 547                         *ptr = p + 1;
 548                         break;
 549                 }
 550
 551                 memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
 552                 str = p;
 553         } while (1);
 554
 555         return start;
 556 }
 557
 558 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 559 {
 560         struct thread_data *td = data;
 561         char *fname, *str, *p;
 562
 563         p = str = strdup(input);
 564
 565         strip_blank_front(&str);
 566         strip_blank_end(str);
 567
 568         if (!td->files_index)
 569                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 570
 571         while ((fname = get_next_file_name(&str)) != NULL) {
 572                 if (!strlen(fname))
 573                         break;
 574                 if (check_dir(td, fname)) {
 575                         free(p);
 576                         return 1;
 577                 }
 578                 add_file(td, fname);
 579                 td->o.nr_files++;
 580         }
 581
 582         free(p);
 583         return 0;
 584 }
 585
 586 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 587 {
 588         struct thread_data *td = data;
 589         struct stat sb;
 590
 591         if (lstat(td->o.directory, &sb) < 0) {
 592                 int ret = errno;
 593
 594                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 595                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 596                 return 1;
 597         }
 598         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 599                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 600                 return 1;
 601         }
 602
 603         return 0;
 604 }
 605
 606 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 607 {
 608         struct thread_data *td = data;
 609
 610         if (!td->files_index)
 611                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 612
 613         return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
 614 }
 615
 616 static int str_verify_offset_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *off)
 617 {
 618         struct thread_data *td = data;
 619
 620         if (*off && *off < sizeof(struct verify_header)) {
 621                 log_err("fio: verify_offset too small\n");
 622                 return 1;
 623         }
 624
 625         td->o.verify_offset = *off;
 626         return 0;
 627 }
 628
 629 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 630 {
 631         struct thread_data *td = data;
 632         long off;
 633         int i = 0, j = 0, len, k, base = 10;
 634         char* loc1, * loc2;
 635
 636         loc1 = strstr(input, "0x");
 637         loc2 = strstr(input, "0X");
 638         if (loc1 || loc2)
 639                 base = 16;
 640         off = strtol(input, NULL, base);
 641         if (off != LONG_MAX || errno != ERANGE) {
 642                 while (off) {
 643                         td->o.verify_pattern[i] = off & 0xff;
 644                         off >>= 8;
 645                         i++;
 646                 }
 647         } else {
 648                 len = strlen(input);
 649                 k = len - 1;
 650                 if (base == 16) {
 651                         if (loc1)
 652                                 j = loc1 - input + 2;
 653                         else
 654                                 j = loc2 - input + 2;
 655                 } else
 656                         return 1;
 657                 if (len - j < MAX_PATTERN_SIZE * 2) {
 658                         while (k >= j) {
 659                                 off = converthexchartoint(input[k--]);
 660                                 if (k >= j)
 661                                         off += (converthexchartoint(input[k--])
 662                                                 * 16);
 663                                 td->o.verify_pattern[i++] = (char) off;
 664                         }
 665                 }
 666         }
 667         td->o.verify_pattern_bytes = i;
 668         return 0;
 669 }
 670
 671 static int str_lockfile_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 672 {
 673         struct thread_data *td = data;
 674         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 675
 676         td->o.lockfile_batch = 1;
 677         if (nr) {
 678                 td->o.lockfile_batch = atoi(nr);
 679                 free(nr);
 680         }
 681
 682         return 0;
 683 }
 684
 685 static int str_write_bw_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 686 {
 687         struct thread_data *td = data;
 688
 689         if (str)
 690                 td->o.bw_log_file = strdup(str);
 691
 692         td->o.write_bw_log = 1;
 693         return 0;
 694 }
 695
 696 static int str_write_lat_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 697 {
 698         struct thread_data *td = data;
 699
 700         if (str)
 701                 td->o.lat_log_file = strdup(str);
 702
 703         td->o.write_lat_log = 1;
 704         return 0;
 705 }
 706
 707 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
 708 {
 709         struct thread_data *td = data;
 710         int val = *il;
 711
 712         td->o.disable_lat = !!val;
 713         td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
 714         td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
 715         td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
 716         if (val)
 717                 td->tv_cache_mask = 63;
 718
 719         return 0;
 720 }
 721
 722 static int str_gtod_cpu_cb(void *data, long long *il)
 723 {
 724         struct thread_data *td = data;
 725         int val = *il;
 726
 727         td->o.gtod_cpu = val;
 728         td->o.gtod_offload = 1;
 729         return 0;
 730 }
 731
 732 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 733 {
 734         struct thread_data *td = data;
 735
 736         if (read_only && td_write(td)) {
 737                 log_err("fio: job <%s> has write bit set, but fio is in"
 738                         " read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
 739                 return 1;
 740         }
 741
 742         return 0;
 743 }
 744
 745 static int gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 746 {
 747 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 748         struct thread_data *td = data;
 749
 750         if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
 751                 log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
 752                         "gettimeofday() offloading\n");
 753                 return 1;
 754         }
 755 #endif
 756
 757         return 0;
 758 }
 759
 760 static int kb_base_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 761 {
 762         struct thread_data *td = data;
 763
 764         if (td->o.kb_base != 1024 && td->o.kb_base != 1000) {
 765                 log_err("fio: kb_base set to nonsensical value: %u\n",
 766                                 td->o.kb_base);
 767                 return 1;
 768         }
 769
 770         return 0;
 771 }
 772
 773 #define __stringify_1(x)        #x
 774 #define __stringify(x)          __stringify_1(x)
 775
 776 /*
 777  * Map of job/command line options
 778  */
 779 static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
 780         {
 781                 .name   = "description",
 782                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 783                 .off1   = td_var_offset(description),
 784                 .help   = "Text job description",
 785         },
 786         {
 787                 .name   = "name",
 788                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 789                 .off1   = td_var_offset(name),
 790                 .help   = "Name of this job",
 791         },
 792         {
 793                 .name   = "directory",
 794                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 795                 .off1   = td_var_offset(directory),
 796                 .cb     = str_directory_cb,
 797                 .help   = "Directory to store files in",
 798         },
 799         {
 800                 .name   = "filename",
 801                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 802                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename),
 803                 .cb     = str_filename_cb,
 804                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
 805                 .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
 806         },
 807         {
 808                 .name   = "kb_base",
 809                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 810                 .off1   = td_var_offset(kb_base),
 811                 .verify = kb_base_verify,
 812                 .prio   = 1,
 813                 .def    = "1024",
 814                 .help   = "How many bytes per KB for reporting (1000 or 1024)",
 815         },
 816         {
 817                 .name   = "lockfile",
 818                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
 819                 .cb     = str_lockfile_cb,
 820                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_lock_mode),
 821                 .help   = "Lock file when doing IO to it",
 822                 .parent = "filename",
 823                 .def    = "none",
 824                 .posval = {
 825                           { .ival = "none",
 826                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
 827                             .help = "No file locking",
 828                           },
 829                           { .ival = "exclusive",
 830                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
 831                             .help = "Exclusive file lock",
 832                           },
 833                           {
 834                             .ival = "readwrite",
 835                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
 836                             .help = "Read vs write lock",
 837                           },
 838                 },
 839         },
 840         {
 841                 .name   = "opendir",
 842                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 843                 .off1   = td_var_offset(opendir),
 844                 .cb     = str_opendir_cb,
 845                 .help   = "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
 846         },
 847         {
 848                 .name   = "rw",
 849                 .alias  = "readwrite",
 850                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
 851                 .cb     = str_rw_cb,
 852                 .off1   = td_var_offset(td_ddir),
 853                 .help   = "IO direction",
 854                 .def    = "read",
 855                 .verify = rw_verify,
 856                 .posval = {
 857                           { .ival = "read",
 858                             .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
 859                             .help = "Sequential read",
 860                           },
 861                           { .ival = "write",
 862                             .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
 863                             .help = "Sequential write",
 864                           },
 865                           { .ival = "randread",
 866                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
 867                             .help = "Random read",
 868                           },
 869                           { .ival = "randwrite",
 870                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
 871                             .help = "Random write",
 872                           },
 873                           { .ival = "rw",
 874                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
 875                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
 876                           },
 877                           { .ival = "randrw",
 878                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
 879                             .help = "Random read and write mix"
 880                           },
 881                 },
 882         },
 883         {
 884                 .name   = "rw_sequencer",
 885                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
 886                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rw_seq),
 887                 .help   = "IO offset generator modifier",
 888                 .def    = "sequential",
 889                 .posval = {
 890                           { .ival = "sequential",
 891                             .oval = RW_SEQ_SEQ,
 892                             .help = "Generate sequential offsets",
 893                           },
 894                           { .ival = "identical",
 895                             .oval = RW_SEQ_IDENT,
 896                             .help = "Generate identical offsets",
 897                           },
 898                 },
 899         },
 900
 901         {
 902                 .name   = "ioengine",
 903                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 904                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioengine),
 905                 .help   = "IO engine to use",
 906                 .def    = "sync",
 907                 .posval = {
 908                           { .ival = "sync",
 909                             .help = "Use read/write",
 910                           },
 911                           { .ival = "psync",
 912                             .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
 913                           },
 914                           { .ival = "vsync",
 915                              .help = "Use readv/writev",
 916                           },
 917 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_LIBAIO
 918                           { .ival = "libaio",
 919                             .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
 920                           },
 921 #endif
 922 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_POSIXAIO
 923                           { .ival = "posixaio",
 924                             .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
 925                           },
 926 #endif
 927 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SOLARISAIO
 928                           { .ival = "solarisaio",
 929                             .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
 930                           },
 931 #endif
 932                           { .ival = "mmap",
 933                             .help = "Memory mapped IO",
 934                           },
 935 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SPLICE
 936                           { .ival = "splice",
 937                             .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
 938                           },
 939                           { .ival = "netsplice",
 940                             .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
 941                           },
 942 #endif
 943 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
 944                           { .ival = "sg",
 945                             .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
 946                           },
 947 #endif
 948                           { .ival = "null",
 949                             .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
 950                           },
 951                           { .ival = "net",
 952                             .help = "Network IO",
 953                           },
 954 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYSLET
 955                           { .ival = "syslet-rw",
 956                             .help = "syslet enabled async pread/pwrite IO",
 957                           },
 958 #endif
 959                           { .ival = "cpuio",
 960                             .help = "CPU cycler burner engine",
 961                           },
 962 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_GUASI
 963                           { .ival = "guasi",
 964                             .help = "GUASI IO engine",
 965                           },
 966 #endif
 967                           { .ival = "external",
 968                             .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
 969                           },
 970                 },
 971         },
 972         {
 973                 .name   = "iodepth",
 974                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 975                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth),
 976                 .help   = "Amount of IO buffers to keep in flight",
 977                 .minval = 1,
 978                 .def    = "1",
 979         },
 980         {
 981                 .name   = "iodepth_batch",
 982                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_submit",
 983                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 984                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch),
 985                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
 986                 .parent = "iodepth",
 987                 .minval = 1,
 988                 .def    = "1",
 989         },
 990         {
 991                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete",
 992                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 993                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch_complete),
 994                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
 995                 .parent = "iodepth",
 996                 .minval = 0,
 997                 .def    = "1",
 998         },
 999         {
1000                 .name   = "iodepth_low",
1001                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1002                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_low),
1003                 .help   = "Low water mark for queuing depth",
1004                 .parent = "iodepth",
1005         },
1006         {
1007                 .name   = "size",
1008                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1009                 .off1   = td_var_offset(size),
1010                 .minval = 1,
1011                 .help   = "Total size of device or files",
1012         },
1013         {
1014                 .name   = "fill_device",
1015                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1016                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fill_device),
1017                 .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
1018                 .def    = "0",
1019         },
1020         {
1021                 .name   = "filesize",
1022                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1023                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_size_low),
1024                 .off2   = td_var_offset(file_size_high),
1025                 .minval = 1,
1026                 .help   = "Size of individual files",
1027         },
1028         {
1029                 .name   = "offset",
1030                 .alias  = "fileoffset",
1031                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1032                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_offset),
1033                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset",
1034                 .def    = "0",
1035         },
1036         {
1037                 .name   = "bs",
1038                 .alias  = "blocksize",
1039                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1040                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_READ]),
1041                 .off2   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1042                 .minval = 1,
1043                 .help   = "Block size unit",
1044                 .def    = "4k",
1045                 .parent = "rw",
1046         },
1047         {
1048                 .name   = "ba",
1049                 .alias  = "blockalign",
1050                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1051                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_READ]),
1052                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
1053                 .minval = 1,
1054                 .help   = "IO block offset alignment",
1055                 .parent = "rw",
1056         },
1057         {
1058                 .name   = "bsrange",
1059                 .alias  = "blocksize_range",
1060                 .type   = FIO_OPT_RANGE,
1061                 .off1   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1062                 .off2   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1063                 .off3   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1064                 .off4   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1065                 .minval = 1,
1066                 .help   = "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
1067                 .parent = "rw",
1068         },
1069         {
1070                 .name   = "bssplit",
1071                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1072                 .cb     = str_bssplit_cb,
1073                 .help   = "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
1074                 .parent = "rw",
1075         },
1076         {
1077                 .name   = "bs_unaligned",
1078                 .alias  = "blocksize_unaligned",
1079                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1080                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_unaligned),
1081                 .help   = "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
1082                 .parent = "rw",
1083         },
1084         {
1085                 .name   = "randrepeat",
1086                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1087                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rand_repeatable),
1088                 .help   = "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
1089                 .def    = "1",
1090                 .parent = "rw",
1091         },
1092         {
1093                 .name   = "norandommap",
1094                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1095                 .off1   = td_var_offset(norandommap),
1096                 .help   = "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
1097                 .parent = "rw",
1098         },
1099         {
1100                 .name   = "softrandommap",
1101                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1102                 .off1   = td_var_offset(softrandommap),
1103                 .help   = "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
1104                 .parent = "norandommap",
1105                 .def    = "0",
1106         },
1107         {
1108                 .name   = "nrfiles",
1109                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1110                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nr_files),
1111                 .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
1112                 .def    = "1",
1113         },
1114         {
1115                 .name   = "openfiles",
1116                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1117                 .off1   = td_var_offset(open_files),
1118                 .help   = "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
1119         },
1120         {
1121                 .name   = "file_service_type",
1122                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1123                 .cb     = str_fst_cb,
1124                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_service_type),
1125                 .help   = "How to select which file to service next",
1126                 .def    = "roundrobin",
1127                 .posval = {
1128                           { .ival = "random",
1129                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
1130                             .help = "Choose a file at random",
1131                           },
1132                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
1133                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
1134                             .help = "Round robin select files",
1135                           },
1136                           { .ival = "sequential",
1137                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
1138                             .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
1139                           },
1140                 },
1141                 .parent = "nrfiles",
1142         },
1143 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_FALLOCATE
1144         {
1145                 .name   = "fallocate",
1146                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1147                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fallocate),
1148                 .help   = "Use fallocate() when laying out files",
1149                 .def    = "1",
1150         },
1151 #endif
1152         {
1153                 .name   = "fadvise_hint",
1154                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1155                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fadvise_hint),
1156                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
1157                 .def    = "1",
1158         },
1159         {
1160                 .name   = "fsync",
1161                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1162                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_blocks),
1163                 .help   = "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
1164                 .def    = "0",
1165         },
1166         {
1167                 .name   = "fdatasync",
1168                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1169                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fdatasync_blocks),
1170                 .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
1171                 .def    = "0",
1172         },
1173 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
1174         {
1175                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
1176                 .posval = {
1177                           { .ival = "wait_before",
1178                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
1179                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
1180                             .or   = 1,
1181                           },
1182                           { .ival = "write",
1183                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
1184                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
1185                             .or   = 1,
1186                           },
1187                           {
1188                             .ival = "wait_after",
1189                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
1190                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
1191                             .or   = 1,
1192                           },
1193                 },
1194                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_MULTI,
1195                 .cb     = str_sfr_cb,
1196                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_file_range),
1197                 .help   = "Use sync_file_range()",
1198         },
1199 #endif
1200         {
1201                 .name   = "direct",
1202                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1203                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1204                 .help   = "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
1205                 .def    = "0",
1206         },
1207         {
1208                 .name   = "buffered",
1209                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1210                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1211                 .neg    = 1,
1212                 .help   = "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
1213                 .def    = "1",
1214         },
1215         {
1216                 .name   = "overwrite",
1217                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1218                 .off1   = td_var_offset(overwrite),
1219                 .help   = "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
1220                 .def    = "0",
1221         },
1222         {
1223                 .name   = "loops",
1224                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1225                 .off1   = td_var_offset(loops),
1226                 .help   = "Number of times to run the job",
1227                 .def    = "1",
1228         },
1229         {
1230                 .name   = "numjobs",
1231                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1232                 .off1   = td_var_offset(numjobs),
1233                 .help   = "Duplicate this job this many times",
1234                 .def    = "1",
1235         },
1236         {
1237                 .name   = "startdelay",
1238                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1239                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_delay),
1240                 .help   = "Only start job when this period has passed",
1241                 .def    = "0",
1242         },
1243         {
1244                 .name   = "runtime",
1245                 .alias  = "timeout",
1246                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1247                 .off1   = td_var_offset(timeout),
1248                 .help   = "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
1249                 .def    = "0",
1250         },
1251         {
1252                 .name   = "time_based",
1253                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1254                 .off1   = td_var_offset(time_based),
1255                 .help   = "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
1256         },
1257         {
1258                 .name   = "ramp_time",
1259                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1260                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ramp_time),
1261                 .help   = "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
1262         },
1263         {
1264                 .name   = "clocksource",
1265                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1266                 .cb     = fio_clock_source_cb,
1267                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clocksource),
1268                 .help   = "What type of timing source to use",
1269                 .posval = {
1270                           { .ival = "gettimeofday",
1271                             .oval = CS_GTOD,
1272                             .help = "Use gettimeofday(2) for timing",
1273                           },
1274                           { .ival = "clock_gettime",
1275                             .oval = CS_CGETTIME,
1276                             .help = "Use clock_gettime(2) for timing",
1277                           },
1278 #ifdef ARCH_HAVE_CPU_CLOCK
1279                           { .ival = "cpu",
1280                             .oval = CS_CPUCLOCK,
1281                             .help = "Use CPU private clock",
1282                           },
1283 #endif
1284                 },
1285         },
1286         {
1287                 .name   = "mem",
1288                 .alias  = "iomem",
1289                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1290                 .cb     = str_mem_cb,
1291                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_type),
1292                 .help   = "Backing type for IO buffers",
1293                 .def    = "malloc",
1294                 .posval = {
1295                           { .ival = "malloc",
1296                             .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
1297                             .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
1298                           },
1299                           { .ival = "shm",
1300                             .oval = MEM_SHM,
1301                             .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
1302                           },
1303 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
1304                           { .ival = "shmhuge",
1305                             .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
1306                             .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
1307                           },
1308 #endif
1309                           { .ival = "mmap",
1310                             .oval = MEM_MMAP,
1311                             .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
1312                           },
1313 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
1314                           { .ival = "mmaphuge",
1315                             .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
1316                             .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
1317                           },
1318 #endif
1319                   },
1320         },
1321         {
1322                 .name   = "iomem_align",
1323                 .alias  = "mem_align",
1324                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1325                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_align),
1326                 .minval = 0,
1327                 .help   = "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
1328                 .def    = "0",
1329                 .parent = "iomem",
1330         },
1331         {
1332                 .name   = "verify",
1333                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1334                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify),
1335                 .help   = "Verify data written",
1336                 .cb     = str_verify_cb,
1337                 .def    = "0",
1338                 .posval = {
1339                           { .ival = "0",
1340                             .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
1341                             .help = "Don't do IO verification",
1342                           },
1343                           { .ival = "md5",
1344                             .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
1345                             .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
1346                           },
1347                           { .ival = "crc64",
1348                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
1349                             .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
1350                           },
1351                           { .ival = "crc32",
1352                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
1353                             .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
1354                           },
1355                           { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
1356                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C_INTEL,
1357                             .help = "Use hw crc32c checksums for verification",
1358                           },
1359                           { .ival = "crc32c",
1360                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
1361                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification",
1362                           },
1363                           { .ival = "crc16",
1364                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
1365                             .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
1366                           },
1367                           { .ival = "crc7",
1368                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
1369                             .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
1370                           },
1371                           { .ival = "sha1",
1372                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
1373                             .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
1374                           },
1375                           { .ival = "sha256",
1376                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
1377                             .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
1378                           },
1379                           { .ival = "sha512",
1380                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
1381                             .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
1382                           },
1383                           { .ival = "meta",
1384                             .oval = VERIFY_META,
1385                             .help = "Use io information",
1386                           },
1387                           {
1388                             .ival = "null",
1389                             .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
1390                             .help = "Pretend to verify",
1391                           },
1392                 },
1393         },
1394         {
1395                 .name   = "do_verify",
1396                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1397                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_verify),
1398                 .help   = "Run verification stage after write",
1399                 .def    = "1",
1400                 .parent = "verify",
1401         },
1402         {
1403                 .name   = "verifysort",
1404                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1405                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort),
1406                 .help   = "Sort written verify blocks for read back",
1407                 .def    = "1",
1408                 .parent = "verify",
1409         },
1410         {
1411                 .name   = "verify_interval",
1412                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1413                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_interval),
1414                 .minval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
1415                 .help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
1416                 .parent = "verify",
1417         },
1418         {
1419                 .name   = "verify_offset",
1420                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1421                 .help   = "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
1422                 .def    = "0",
1423                 .cb     = str_verify_offset_cb,
1424                 .parent = "verify",
1425         },
1426         {
1427                 .name   = "verify_pattern",
1428                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1429                 .cb     = str_verify_pattern_cb,
1430                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
1431                 .parent = "verify",
1432         },
1433         {
1434                 .name   = "verify_fatal",
1435                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1436                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_fatal),
1437                 .def    = "0",
1438                 .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
1439                 .parent = "verify",
1440         },
1441         {
1442                 .name   = "verify_async",
1443                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1444                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_async),
1445                 .def    = "0",
1446                 .help   = "Number of async verifier threads to use",
1447                 .parent = "verify",
1448         },
1449         {
1450                 .name   = "verify_backlog",
1451                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1452                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_backlog),
1453                 .help   = "Verify after this number of blocks are written",
1454                 .parent = "verify",
1455         },
1456         {
1457                 .name   = "verify_backlog_batch",
1458                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1459                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_batch),
1460                 .help   = "Verify this number of IO blocks",
1461                 .parent = "verify_backlog",
1462         },
1463 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1464         {
1465                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
1466                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1467                 .cb     = str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
1468                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
1469                 .parent = "verify_async",
1470         },
1471 #endif
1472         {
1473                 .name   = "write_iolog",
1474                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1475                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_iolog_file),
1476                 .help   = "Store IO pattern to file",
1477         },
1478         {
1479                 .name   = "read_iolog",
1480                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1481                 .off1   = td_var_offset(read_iolog_file),
1482                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern from file",
1483         },
1484         {
1485                 .name   = "replay_no_stall",
1486                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1487                 .off1   = td_var_offset(no_stall),
1488                 .def    = "0",
1489                 .parent = "read_iolog",
1490                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern file as fast as possible without stalls",
1491         },
1492         {
1493                 .name   = "replay_redirect",
1494                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1495                 .off1   = td_var_offset(replay_redirect),
1496                 .parent = "read_iolog",
1497                 .help   = "Replay all I/O onto this device, regardless of trace device",
1498         },
1499         {
1500                 .name   = "exec_prerun",
1501                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1502                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_prerun),
1503                 .help   = "Execute this file prior to running job",
1504         },
1505         {
1506                 .name   = "exec_postrun",
1507                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1508                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_postrun),
1509                 .help   = "Execute this file after running job",
1510         },
1511 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
1512         {
1513                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
1514                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1515                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioscheduler),
1516                 .help   = "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
1517         },
1518 #endif
1519         {
1520                 .name   = "zonesize",
1521                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1522                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_size),
1523                 .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
1524                 .def    = "0",
1525         },
1526         {
1527                 .name   = "zoneskip",
1528                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1529                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_skip),
1530                 .help   = "Space between IO zones",
1531                 .def    = "0",
1532         },
1533         {
1534                 .name   = "lockmem",
1535                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1536                 .cb     = str_lockmem_cb,
1537                 .help   = "Lock down this amount of memory",
1538                 .def    = "0",
1539         },
1540         {
1541                 .name   = "rwmixread",
1542                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1543                 .cb     = str_rwmix_read_cb,
1544                 .maxval = 100,
1545                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
1546                 .def    = "50",
1547         },
1548         {
1549                 .name   = "rwmixwrite",
1550                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1551                 .cb     = str_rwmix_write_cb,
1552                 .maxval = 100,
1553                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
1554                 .def    = "50",
1555         },
1556         {
1557                 .name   = "rwmixcycle",
1558                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
1559         },
1560         {
1561                 .name   = "nice",
1562                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1563                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nice),
1564                 .help   = "Set job CPU nice value",
1565                 .minval = -19,
1566                 .maxval = 20,
1567                 .def    = "0",
1568         },
1569 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
1570         {
1571                 .name   = "prio",
1572                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1573                 .cb     = str_prio_cb,
1574                 .help   = "Set job IO priority value",
1575                 .minval = 0,
1576                 .maxval = 7,
1577         },
1578         {
1579                 .name   = "prioclass",
1580                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1581                 .cb     = str_prioclass_cb,
1582                 .help   = "Set job IO priority class",
1583                 .minval = 0,
1584                 .maxval = 3,
1585         },
1586 #endif
1587         {
1588                 .name   = "thinktime",
1589                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1590                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime),
1591                 .help   = "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
1592                 .def    = "0",
1593         },
1594         {
1595                 .name   = "thinktime_spin",
1596                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1597                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_spin),
1598                 .help   = "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
1599                 .def    = "0",
1600                 .parent = "thinktime",
1601         },
1602         {
1603                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks",
1604                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1605                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_blocks),
1606                 .help   = "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
1607                 .def    = "1",
1608                 .parent = "thinktime",
1609         },
1610         {
1611                 .name   = "rate",
1612                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1613                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate[0]),
1614                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate[1]),
1615                 .help   = "Set bandwidth rate",
1616         },
1617         {
1618                 .name   = "ratemin",
1619                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1620                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratemin[0]),
1621                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ratemin[1]),
1622                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
1623                 .parent = "rate",
1624         },
1625         {
1626                 .name   = "rate_iops",
1627                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1628                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[0]),
1629                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[1]),
1630                 .help   = "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
1631         },
1632         {
1633                 .name   = "rate_iops_min",
1634                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1635                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[0]),
1636                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[1]),
1637                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
1638                 .parent = "rate_iops",
1639         },
1640         {
1641                 .name   = "ratecycle",
1642                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1643                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratecycle),
1644                 .help   = "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
1645                 .def    = "1000",
1646                 .parent = "rate",
1647         },
1648         {
1649                 .name   = "invalidate",
1650                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1651                 .off1   = td_var_offset(invalidate_cache),
1652                 .help   = "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
1653                 .def    = "1",
1654         },
1655         {
1656                 .name   = "sync",
1657                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1658                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_io),
1659                 .help   = "Use O_SYNC for buffered writes",
1660                 .def    = "0",
1661                 .parent = "buffered",
1662         },
1663         {
1664                 .name   = "bwavgtime",
1665                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1666                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_avg_time),
1667                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
1668                           " (msec)",
1669                 .def    = "500",
1670         },
1671         {
1672                 .name   = "create_serialize",
1673                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1674                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_serialize),
1675                 .help   = "Serialize creating of job files",
1676                 .def    = "1",
1677         },
1678         {
1679                 .name   = "create_fsync",
1680                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1681                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_fsync),
1682                 .help   = "Fsync file after creation",
1683                 .def    = "1",
1684         },
1685         {
1686                 .name   = "create_on_open",
1687                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1688                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_on_open),
1689                 .help   = "Create files when they are opened for IO",
1690                 .def    = "0",
1691         },
1692         {
1693                 .name   = "pre_read",
1694                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1695                 .off1   = td_var_offset(pre_read),
1696                 .help   = "Preread files before starting official testing",
1697                 .def    = "0",
1698         },
1699         {
1700                 .name   = "cpuload",
1701                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1702                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cpuload),
1703                 .help   = "Use this percentage of CPU",
1704         },
1705         {
1706                 .name   = "cpuchunks",
1707                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1708                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cpucycle),
1709                 .help   = "Length of the CPU burn cycles (usecs)",
1710                 .def    = "50000",
1711                 .parent = "cpuload",
1712         },
1713 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1714         {
1715                 .name   = "cpumask",
1716                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1717                 .cb     = str_cpumask_cb,
1718                 .help   = "CPU affinity mask",
1719         },
1720         {
1721                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
1722                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1723                 .cb     = str_cpus_allowed_cb,
1724                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed",
1725         },
1726 #endif
1727         {
1728                 .name   = "end_fsync",
1729                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1730                 .off1   = td_var_offset(end_fsync),
1731                 .help   = "Include fsync at the end of job",
1732                 .def    = "0",
1733         },
1734         {
1735                 .name   = "fsync_on_close",
1736                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1737                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_on_close),
1738                 .help   = "fsync files on close",
1739                 .def    = "0",
1740         },
1741         {
1742                 .name   = "unlink",
1743                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1744                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unlink),
1745                 .help   = "Unlink created files after job has completed",
1746                 .def    = "0",
1747         },
1748         {
1749                 .name   = "exitall",
1750                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1751                 .cb     = str_exitall_cb,
1752                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
1753         },
1754         {
1755                 .name   = "stonewall",
1756                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1757                 .off1   = td_var_offset(stonewall),
1758                 .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
1759         },
1760         {
1761                 .name   = "new_group",
1762                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1763                 .off1   = td_var_offset(new_group),
1764                 .help   = "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
1765         },
1766         {
1767                 .name   = "thread",
1768                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1769                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_thread),
1770                 .help   = "Use threads instead of forks",
1771         },
1772         {
1773                 .name   = "write_bw_log",
1774                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1775                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_bw_log),
1776                 .cb     = str_write_bw_log_cb,
1777                 .help   = "Write log of bandwidth during run",
1778         },
1779         {
1780                 .name   = "write_lat_log",
1781                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1782                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_lat_log),
1783                 .cb     = str_write_lat_log_cb,
1784                 .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
1785         },
1786         {
1787                 .name   = "hugepage-size",
1788                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1789                 .off1   = td_var_offset(hugepage_size),
1790                 .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
1791                 .def    = __stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
1792         },
1793         {
1794                 .name   = "group_reporting",
1795                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1796                 .off1   = td_var_offset(group_reporting),
1797                 .help   = "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
1798         },
1799         {
1800                 .name   = "zero_buffers",
1801                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1802                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zero_buffers),
1803                 .help   = "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
1804         },
1805         {
1806                 .name   = "refill_buffers",
1807                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1808                 .off1   = td_var_offset(refill_buffers),
1809                 .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
1810         },
1811 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
1812         {
1813                 .name   = "disk_util",
1814                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1815                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_disk_util),
1816                 .help   = "Log disk utilization statistics",
1817                 .def    = "1",
1818         },
1819 #endif
1820         {
1821                 .name   = "gtod_reduce",
1822                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1823                 .help   = "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
1824                 .cb     = str_gtod_reduce_cb,
1825                 .def    = "0",
1826         },
1827         {
1828                 .name   = "disable_lat",
1829                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1830                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_lat),
1831                 .help   = "Disable latency numbers",
1832                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
1833                 .def    = "0",
1834         },
1835         {
1836                 .name   = "disable_clat",
1837                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1838                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_clat),
1839                 .help   = "Disable completion latency numbers",
1840                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
1841                 .def    = "0",
1842         },
1843         {
1844                 .name   = "disable_slat",
1845                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1846                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_slat),
1847                 .help   = "Disable submissionn latency numbers",
1848                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
1849                 .def    = "0",
1850         },
1851         {
1852                 .name   = "disable_bw_measurement",
1853                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1854                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_bw),
1855                 .help   = "Disable bandwidth logging",
1856                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
1857                 .def    = "0",
1858         },
1859         {
1860                 .name   = "gtod_cpu",
1861                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1862                 .cb     = str_gtod_cpu_cb,
1863                 .help   = "Setup dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
1864                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
1865         },
1866         {
1867                 .name   = "continue_on_error",
1868                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1869                 .off1   = td_var_offset(continue_on_error),
1870                 .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during I/O",
1871                 .def    = "0",
1872         },
1873         {
1874                 .name   = "profile",
1875                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1876                 .off1   = td_var_offset(profile),
1877                 .help   = "Select a specific builtin performance test",
1878         },
1879         {
1880                 .name   = "cgroup",
1881                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1882                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup),
1883                 .help   = "Add job to cgroup of this name",
1884         },
1885         {
1886                 .name   = "cgroup_weight",
1887                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1888                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_weight),
1889                 .help   = "Use given weight for cgroup",
1890                 .minval = 100,
1891                 .maxval = 1000,
1892         },
1893         {
1894                 .name   = "cgroup_nodelete",
1895                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1896                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_nodelete),
1897                 .help   = "Do not delete cgroups after job completion",
1898                 .def    = "0",
1899         },
1900         {
1901                 .name   = "uid",
1902                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1903                 .off1   = td_var_offset(uid),
1904                 .help   = "Run job with this user ID",
1905         },
1906         {
1907                 .name   = "gid",
1908                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1909                 .off1   = td_var_offset(gid),
1910                 .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
1911         },
1912         {
1913                 .name = NULL,
1914         },
1915 };
1916
1917 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o,
1918                         const char *name)
1919 {
1920         lopt->name = (char *) name;
1921         lopt->val = FIO_GETOPT_JOB;
1922         if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
1923                 lopt->has_arg = no_argument;
1924         else
1925                 lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
1926 }
1927
1928 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
1929 {
1930         struct fio_option *o;
1931         unsigned int i;
1932
1933         options_init(options);
1934
1935         i = 0;
1936         while (long_options[i].name)
1937                 i++;
1938
1939         o = &options[0];
1940         while (o->name) {
1941                 add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->name);
1942                 if (o->alias) {
1943                         i++;
1944                         add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->alias);
1945                 }
1946
1947                 i++;
1948                 o++;
1949                 assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
1950         }
1951 }
1952
1953 struct fio_keyword {
1954         const char *word;
1955         const char *desc;
1956         char *replace;
1957 };
1958
1959 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
1960         {
1961                 .word   = "$pagesize",
1962                 .desc   = "Page size in the system",
1963         },
1964         {
1965                 .word   = "$mb_memory",
1966                 .desc   = "Megabytes of memory online",
1967         },
1968         {
1969                 .word   = "$ncpus",
1970                 .desc   = "Number of CPUs online in the system",
1971         },
1972         {
1973                 .word   = NULL,
1974         },
1975 };
1976
1977 void fio_keywords_init(void)
1978 {
1979         unsigned long long mb_memory;
1980         char buf[128];
1981         long l;
1982
1983         sprintf(buf, "%lu", page_size);
1984         fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
1985
1986         mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / page_size;
1987         sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
1988         fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
1989
1990         l = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
1991         sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
1992         fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
1993 }
1994
1995 #define BC_APP          "bc"
1996
1997 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
1998 {
1999         char *buf, *tmp, opt[80];
2000         FILE *f;
2001         int ret;
2002
2003         /*
2004          * No math, just return string
2005          */
2006         if (!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
2007             !strchr(str, '/'))
2008                 return str;
2009
2010         /*
2011          * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
2012          */
2013         tmp = strchr(str, '=');
2014         if (!tmp)
2015                 return str;
2016
2017         tmp++;
2018         memset(opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
2019         strncpy(opt, str, tmp - str);
2020
2021         buf = malloc(128);
2022
2023         sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
2024         if (system(buf)) {
2025                 log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
2026                 free(buf);
2027                 return NULL;
2028         }
2029
2030         sprintf(buf, "echo %s | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
2031         f = popen(buf, "r");
2032         if (!f) {
2033                 free(buf);
2034                 return NULL;
2035         }
2036
2037         ret = fread(buf, 1, 128, f);
2038         if (ret <= 0) {
2039                 free(buf);
2040                 return NULL;
2041         }
2042
2043         buf[ret - 1] = '\0';
2044         strcat(opt, buf);
2045         strcpy(buf, opt);
2046         pclose(f);
2047         free(str);
2048         return buf;
2049 }
2050
2051 /*
2052  * Look for reserved variable names and replace them with real values
2053  */
2054 static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
2055 {
2056         char *s;
2057         int i;
2058
2059         for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
2060                 struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
2061
2062                 while ((s = strstr(opt, kw->word)) != NULL) {
2063                         char *new = malloc(strlen(opt) + 1);
2064                         char *o_org = opt;
2065                         int olen = s - opt;
2066                         int len;
2067
2068                         /*
2069                          * Copy part of the string before the keyword and
2070                          * sprintf() the replacement after it.
2071                          */
2072                         memcpy(new, opt, olen);
2073                         len = sprintf(new + olen, "%s", kw->replace);
2074
2075                         /*
2076                          * If there's more in the original string, copy that
2077                          * in too
2078                          */
2079                         opt += strlen(kw->word) + olen;
2080                         if (strlen(opt))
2081                                 memcpy(new + olen + len, opt, opt - o_org - 1);
2082
2083                         /*
2084                          * replace opt and free the old opt
2085                          */
2086                         opt = new;
2087                         //free(o_org);
2088
2089                         /*
2090                          * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
2091                          */
2092                         opt = bc_calc(opt);
2093                 }
2094         }
2095
2096         return opt;
2097 }
2098
2099 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts)
2100 {
2101         int i, ret;
2102
2103         sort_options(opts, options, num_opts);
2104
2105         for (ret = 0, i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
2106                 opts[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts[i]);
2107                 ret |= parse_option(opts[i], options, td);
2108         }
2109
2110         return ret;
2111 }
2112
2113 int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
2114 {
2115         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, options, td);
2116 }
2117
2118 void fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data *td)
2119 {
2120         fill_default_options(td, options);
2121 }
2122
2123 int fio_show_option_help(const char *opt)
2124 {
2125         return show_cmd_help(options, opt);
2126 }
2127
2128 static void __options_mem(struct thread_data *td, int alloc)
2129 {
2130         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
2131         struct fio_option *opt;
2132         char **ptr;
2133         int i;
2134
2135         for (i = 0, opt = &options[0]; opt->name; i++, opt = &options[i]) {
2136                 if (opt->type != FIO_OPT_STR_STORE)
2137                         continue;
2138
2139                 ptr = (void *) o + opt->off1;
2140                 if (*ptr) {
2141                         if (alloc)
2142                                 *ptr = strdup(*ptr);
2143                         else {
2144                                 free(*ptr);
2145                                 *ptr = NULL;
2146                         }
2147                 }
2148         }
2149 }
2150
2151 /*
2152  * dupe FIO_OPT_STR_STORE options
2153  */
2154 void options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
2155 {
2156         __options_mem(td, 1);
2157 }
2158
2159 void options_mem_free(struct thread_data fio_unused *td)
2160 {
2161 #if 0
2162         __options_mem(td, 0);
2163 #endif
2164 }
2165
2166 unsigned int fio_get_kb_base(void *data)
2167 {
2168         struct thread_data *td = data;
2169         unsigned int kb_base = 0;
2170
2171         if (td)
2172                 kb_base = td->o.kb_base;
2173         if (!kb_base)
2174                 kb_base = 1024;
2175
2176         return kb_base;
2177 }
2178
2179 int add_option(struct fio_option *o)
2180 {
2181         struct fio_option *__o;
2182         int opt_index = 0;
2183
2184         __o = options;
2185         while (__o->name) {
2186                 opt_index++;
2187                 __o++;
2188         }
2189
2190         memcpy(&options[opt_index], o, sizeof(*o));
2191         return 0;
2192 }
2193
2194 void invalidate_profile_options(const char *prof_name)
2195 {
2196         struct fio_option *o;
2197
2198         o = options;
2199         while (o->name) {
2200                 if (o->prof_name && !strcmp(o->prof_name, prof_name)) {
2201                         o->type = FIO_OPT_INVALID;
2202                         o->prof_name = NULL;
2203                 }
2204                 o++;
2205         }
2206 }
2207
2208 void add_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival, const char *help)
2209 {
2210         struct fio_option *o;
2211         unsigned int i;
2212
2213         o = find_option(options, optname);
2214         if (!o)
2215                 return;
2216
2217         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
2218                 if (o->posval[i].ival)
2219                         continue;
2220
2221                 o->posval[i].ival = ival;
2222                 o->posval[i].help = help;
2223                 break;
2224         }
2225 }
2226
2227 void del_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival)
2228 {
2229         struct fio_option *o;
2230         unsigned int i;
2231
2232         o = find_option(options, optname);
2233         if (!o)
2234                 return;
2235
2236         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
2237                 if (!o->posval[i].ival)
2238                         continue;
2239                 if (strcmp(o->posval[i].ival, ival))
2240                         continue;
2241
2242                 o->posval[i].ival = NULL;
2243                 o->posval[i].help = NULL;
2244         }
2245 }