Add filename_format option

Allows the user to set how fio should generate the file names
used by jobs. The default is $jobname.$jobnumber.$filenumber
as it always has been, but now it's configurable as well. See
the included documentation.

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

diff --git a/HOWTO b/HOWTO
index cf6d4274af39ec2dcbcf5d8d2e4831fb4ec1f395..76effeef9e1b2bc2c9d0254301a9c9042dd50692 100644 (file)
--- a/HOWTO
+++ b/HOWTO
@@ -285,6 +285,32 @@ filename=str       Fio normally makes up a filename based on the job name,
                stdin or stdout. Which of the two depends on the read/write
                direction set.
 
                stdin or stdout. Which of the two depends on the read/write
                direction set.
 

+filename_format=str
+               If sharing multiple files between jobs, it is usually necessary
+               to  have fio generate the exact names that you want. By default,
+               fio will name a file based on the default file format
+               specification of jobname.jobnumber.filenumber. With this
+               option, that can be customized. Fio will recognize and replace
+               the following keywords in this string:
+
+               $jobname
+                       The name of the worker thread or process.
+
+               $jobnum
+                       The incremental number of the worker thread or
+                       process.
+
+               $filenum
+                       The incremental number of the file for that worker
+                       thread or process.
+
+               To have dependent jobs share a set of files, this option can
+               be set to have fio generate filenames that are shared between
+               the two. For instance, if testfiles.$filenum is specified,
+               file number 4 for any job will be named testfiles.4. The
+               default of $jobname.$jobnum.$filenum will be used if
+               no other format specifier is given.
+

 opendir=str    Tell fio to recursively add any file it can find in this
                directory and down the file system tree.
 
 opendir=str    Tell fio to recursively add any file it can find in this
                directory and down the file system tree.
 


@@ -405,7 +431,7 @@ filesize=int        Individual file sizes. May be a range, in which case fio
 fill_device=bool
 fill_fs=bool   Sets size to something really large and waits for ENOSPC (no
                space left on device) as the terminating condition. Only makes
 fill_device=bool
 fill_fs=bool   Sets size to something really large and waits for ENOSPC (no
                space left on device) as the terminating condition. Only makes

-                sense with sequential write. For a read workload, the mount
+               sense with sequential write. For a read workload, the mount

                point will be filled first then IO started on the result. This
                option doesn't make sense if operating on a raw device node,
                since the size of that is already known by the file system.
                point will be filled first then IO started on the result. This
                option doesn't make sense if operating on a raw device node,
                since the size of that is already known by the file system.

diff --git a/filesetup.c b/filesetup.c
index e456186b950fe5704c32af2c9da2c450dd83b82b..88d6565afca65335ea88627f810862385a15da94 100644 (file)
--- a/filesetup.c
+++ b/filesetup.c
@@ -719,13 +719,14 @@ uint64_t get_start_offset(struct thread_data *td)
 int setup_files(struct thread_data *td)
 {
        unsigned long long total_size, extend_size;
 int setup_files(struct thread_data *td)
 {
        unsigned long long total_size, extend_size;

+       struct thread_options *o = &td->o;

        struct fio_file *f;
        unsigned int i;
        int err = 0, need_extend;
 
        dprint(FD_FILE, "setup files\n");
 
        struct fio_file *f;
        unsigned int i;
        int err = 0, need_extend;
 
        dprint(FD_FILE, "setup files\n");
 

-       if (td->o.read_iolog_file)
+       if (o->read_iolog_file)

                goto done;
 
        /*
                goto done;
 
        /*


@@ -753,15 +754,16 @@ int setup_files(struct thread_data *td)
                        total_size += f->real_file_size;
        }
 
                        total_size += f->real_file_size;
        }
 

-       if (td->o.fill_device)
+       if (o->fill_device)

                td->fill_device_size = get_fs_free_counts(td);
 
        /*
         * device/file sizes are zero and no size given, punt
         */
                td->fill_device_size = get_fs_free_counts(td);
 
        /*
         * device/file sizes are zero and no size given, punt
         */

-       if ((!total_size || total_size == -1ULL) && !td->o.size &&
-           !(td->io_ops->flags & FIO_NOIO) && !td->o.fill_device) {
-               log_err("%s: you need to specify size=\n", td->o.name);
+       if ((!total_size || total_size == -1ULL) && !o->size &&
+           !(td->io_ops->flags & FIO_NOIO) && !o->fill_device &&
+           !(o->nr_files && (o->file_size_low || o->file_size_high))) {
+               log_err("%s: you need to specify size=\n", o->name);

                td_verror(td, EINVAL, "total_file_size");
                return 1;
        }
                td_verror(td, EINVAL, "total_file_size");
                return 1;
        }


@@ -776,27 +778,26 @@ int setup_files(struct thread_data *td)
        for_each_file(td, f, i) {
                f->file_offset = get_start_offset(td);
 
        for_each_file(td, f, i) {
                f->file_offset = get_start_offset(td);
 

-               if (!td->o.file_size_low) {
+               if (!o->file_size_low) {

                        /*
                         * no file size range given, file size is equal to
                         * total size divided by number of files. if that is
                         * zero, set it to the real file size.
                         */
                        /*
                         * no file size range given, file size is equal to
                         * total size divided by number of files. if that is
                         * zero, set it to the real file size.
                         */

-                       f->io_size = td->o.size / td->o.nr_files;
+                       f->io_size = o->size / o->nr_files;

                        if (!f->io_size)
                                f->io_size = f->real_file_size - f->file_offset;
                        if (!f->io_size)
                                f->io_size = f->real_file_size - f->file_offset;

-               } else if (f->real_file_size < td->o.file_size_low ||
-                          f->real_file_size > td->o.file_size_high) {
-                       if (f->file_offset > td->o.file_size_low)
+               } else if (f->real_file_size < o->file_size_low ||
+                          f->real_file_size > o->file_size_high) {
+                       if (f->file_offset > o->file_size_low)

                                goto err_offset;
                        /*
                         * file size given. if it's fixed, use that. if it's a
                         * range, generate a random size in-between.
                         */
                                goto err_offset;
                        /*
                         * file size given. if it's fixed, use that. if it's a
                         * range, generate a random size in-between.
                         */

-                       if (td->o.file_size_low == td->o.file_size_high) {
-                               f->io_size = td->o.file_size_low
-                                               - f->file_offset;
-                       } else {
+                       if (o->file_size_low == o->file_size_high)
+                               f->io_size = o->file_size_low - f->file_offset;
+                       else {

                                f->io_size = get_rand_file_size(td)
                                                - f->file_offset;
                        }
                                f->io_size = get_rand_file_size(td)
                                                - f->file_offset;
                        }


@@ -806,15 +807,15 @@ int setup_files(struct thread_data *td)
                if (f->io_size == -1ULL)
                        total_size = -1ULL;
                else {
                if (f->io_size == -1ULL)
                        total_size = -1ULL;
                else {

-                        if (td->o.size_percent)
-                                f->io_size = (f->io_size * td->o.size_percent) / 100;
+                        if (o->size_percent)
+                                f->io_size = (f->io_size * o->size_percent) / 100;

                        total_size += f->io_size;
                }
 
                if (f->filetype == FIO_TYPE_FILE &&
                    (f->io_size + f->file_offset) > f->real_file_size &&
                    !(td->io_ops->flags & FIO_DISKLESSIO)) {
                        total_size += f->io_size;
                }
 
                if (f->filetype == FIO_TYPE_FILE &&
                    (f->io_size + f->file_offset) > f->real_file_size &&
                    !(td->io_ops->flags & FIO_DISKLESSIO)) {

-                       if (!td->o.create_on_open) {
+                       if (!o->create_on_open) {

                                need_extend++;
                                extend_size += (f->io_size + f->file_offset);
                        } else
                                need_extend++;
                                extend_size += (f->io_size + f->file_offset);
                        } else


@@ -823,8 +824,8 @@ int setup_files(struct thread_data *td)
                }
        }
 
                }
        }
 

-       if (!td->o.size || td->o.size > total_size)
-               td->o.size = total_size;
+       if (!o->size || o->size > total_size)
+               o->size = total_size;

 
        /*
         * See if we need to extend some files
 
        /*
         * See if we need to extend some files


@@ -833,7 +834,7 @@ int setup_files(struct thread_data *td)
                temp_stall_ts = 1;
                if (output_format == FIO_OUTPUT_NORMAL)
                        log_info("%s: Laying out IO file(s) (%u file(s) /"
                temp_stall_ts = 1;
                if (output_format == FIO_OUTPUT_NORMAL)
                        log_info("%s: Laying out IO file(s) (%u file(s) /"

-                                " %lluMB)\n", td->o.name, need_extend,
+                                " %lluMB)\n", o->name, need_extend,

                                        extend_size >> 20);
 
                for_each_file(td, f, i) {
                                        extend_size >> 20);
 
                for_each_file(td, f, i) {


@@ -844,7 +845,7 @@ int setup_files(struct thread_data *td)
 
                        assert(f->filetype == FIO_TYPE_FILE);
                        fio_file_clear_extend(f);
 
                        assert(f->filetype == FIO_TYPE_FILE);
                        fio_file_clear_extend(f);

-                       if (!td->o.fill_device) {
+                       if (!o->fill_device) {

                                old_len = f->real_file_size;
                                extend_len = f->io_size + f->file_offset -
                                                old_len;
                                old_len = f->real_file_size;
                                extend_len = f->io_size + f->file_offset -
                                                old_len;


@@ -867,23 +868,23 @@ int setup_files(struct thread_data *td)
        if (err)
                return err;
 
        if (err)
                return err;
 

-       if (!td->o.zone_size)
-               td->o.zone_size = td->o.size;
+       if (!o->zone_size)
+               o->zone_size = o->size;

 
        /*
         * iolog already set the total io size, if we read back
         * stored entries.
         */
 
        /*
         * iolog already set the total io size, if we read back
         * stored entries.
         */

-       if (!td->o.read_iolog_file)
-               td->total_io_size = td->o.size * td->o.loops;
+       if (!o->read_iolog_file)
+               td->total_io_size = o->size * o->loops;

 
 done:
 
 done:

-       if (td->o.create_only)
+       if (o->create_only)

                td->done = 1;
 
        return 0;
 err_offset:
                td->done = 1;
 
        return 0;
 err_offset:

-       log_err("%s: you need to specify valid offset=\n", td->o.name);
+       log_err("%s: you need to specify valid offset=\n", o->name);

        return 1;
 }
 
        return 1;
 }
 

diff --git a/fio.1 b/fio.1
index fe8ab7626b621c111e7225d8fa1b2b6019b7b3f0..0c2a243c0756b80b9ef561db51b42af92ba0aad9 100644 (file)
--- a/fio.1
+++ b/fio.1
@@ -151,6 +151,34 @@ a number of files by separating the names with a `:' character. `\-' is a
 reserved name, meaning stdin or stdout, depending on the read/write direction
 set.
 .TP
 reserved name, meaning stdin or stdout, depending on the read/write direction
 set.
 .TP

+.BI filename_format \fR=\fPstr
+.B If sharing multiple files between jobs, it is usually necessary to have
+fio generate the exact names that you want. By default, fio will name a file
+based on the default file format specification of
+\fBjobname.jobnumber.filenumber\fP. With this option, that can be
+customized. Fio will recognize and replace the following keywords in this
+string:
+.RS
+.RS
+.TP
+.B $jobname
+The name of the worker thread or process.
+.TP
+.B $jobnum
+The incremental number of the worker thread or process.
+.TP
+.B $filenum
+The incremental number of the file for that worker thread or process.
+.RE
+.P
+To have dependent jobs share a set of files, this option can be set to
+have fio generate filenames that are shared between the two. For instance,
+if \fBtestfiles.$filenum\fR is specified, file number 4 for any job will
+be named \fBtestfiles.4\fR. The default of \fB$jobname.$jobnum.$filenum\fR
+will be used if no other format specifier is given.
+.RE
+.P
+.TP

 .BI lockfile \fR=\fPstr
 Fio defaults to not locking any files before it does IO to them. If a file or
 file descriptor is shared, fio can serialize IO to that file to make the end
 .BI lockfile \fR=\fPstr
 Fio defaults to not locking any files before it does IO to them. If a file or
 file descriptor is shared, fio can serialize IO to that file to make the end

diff --git a/fio.h b/fio.h
index a1b2a931e616179847928c8d145935b956d6432e..db594ab8e4d01250fe7360a48b23d3a3211f350a 100644 (file)
--- a/fio.h
+++ b/fio.h
@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ struct thread_options {
        char *name;
        char *directory;
        char *filename;
        char *name;
        char *directory;
        char *filename;

+       char *filename_format;

        char *opendir;
        char *ioengine;
        enum td_ddir td_ddir;
        char *opendir;
        char *ioengine;
        enum td_ddir td_ddir;

diff --git a/init.c b/init.c
index 9d15318209cfe0f02d7ff65e32c94464023cca25..0da878d52ff135ebe20efe3081742dc674e14252 100644 (file)
--- a/init.c
+++ b/init.c
@@ -799,6 +799,82 @@ static int setup_random_seeds(struct thread_data *td)
        return 0;
 }
 
        return 0;
 }
 

+enum {
+       FPRE_NONE = 0,
+       FPRE_JOBNAME,
+       FPRE_JOBNUM,
+       FPRE_FILENUM
+};
+
+static struct fpre_keyword {
+       const char *keyword;
+       size_t strlen;
+       int key;
+} fpre_keywords[] = {
+       { .keyword = "$jobname",        .key = FPRE_JOBNAME, },
+       { .keyword = "$jobnum",         .key = FPRE_JOBNUM, },
+       { .keyword = "$filenum",        .key = FPRE_FILENUM, },
+       { .keyword = NULL, },
+       };
+
+static char *make_filename(char *buf, struct thread_options *o,
+                          const char *jobname, int jobnum, int filenum)
+{
+       struct fpre_keyword *f;
+       char copy[PATH_MAX];
+
+       if (!o->filename_format || !strlen(o->filename_format)) {
+               sprintf(buf, "%s.%d.%d", jobname, jobnum, filenum);
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       for (f = &fpre_keywords[0]; f->keyword; f++)
+               f->strlen = strlen(f->keyword);
+
+       strcpy(buf, o->filename_format);
+       memset(copy, 0, sizeof(copy));
+       for (f = &fpre_keywords[0]; f->keyword; f++) {
+               do {
+                       size_t pre_len, post_start = 0;
+                       char *str, *dst = copy;
+
+                       str = strstr(buf, f->keyword);
+                       if (!str)
+                               break;
+
+                       pre_len = str - buf;
+                       if (strlen(str) != f->strlen)
+                               post_start = pre_len + f->strlen;
+
+                       if (pre_len) {
+                               strncpy(dst, buf, pre_len);
+                               dst += pre_len;
+                       }
+
+                       switch (f->key) {
+                       case FPRE_JOBNAME:
+                               dst += sprintf(dst, "%s", jobname);
+                               break;
+                       case FPRE_JOBNUM:
+                               dst += sprintf(dst, "%d", jobnum);
+                               break;
+                       case FPRE_FILENUM:
+                               dst += sprintf(dst, "%d", filenum);
+                               break;
+                       default:
+                               assert(0);
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       if (post_start)
+                               strcpy(dst, buf + post_start);
+
+                       strcpy(buf, copy);
+               } while (1);
+       }
+
+       return buf;
+}

 /*
  * Adds a job to the list of things todo. Sanitizes the various options
  * to make sure we don't have conflicts, and initializes various
 /*
  * Adds a job to the list of things todo. Sanitizes the various options
  * to make sure we don't have conflicts, and initializes various


@@ -812,6 +888,7 @@ static int add_job(struct thread_data *td, const char *jobname, int job_add_num)
        unsigned int i;
        char fname[PATH_MAX];
        int numjobs, file_alloced;
        unsigned int i;
        char fname[PATH_MAX];
        int numjobs, file_alloced;

+       struct thread_options *o = &td->o;

 
        /*
         * the def_thread is just for options, it's not a real job
 
        /*
         * the def_thread is just for options, it's not a real job


@@ -835,26 +912,23 @@ static int add_job(struct thread_data *td, const char *jobname, int job_add_num)
        if (ioengine_load(td))
                goto err;
 
        if (ioengine_load(td))
                goto err;
 

-       if (td->o.use_thread)
+       if (o->use_thread)

                nr_thread++;
        else
                nr_process++;
 
                nr_thread++;
        else
                nr_process++;
 

-       if (td->o.odirect)
+       if (o->odirect)

                td->io_ops->flags |= FIO_RAWIO;
 
        file_alloced = 0;
                td->io_ops->flags |= FIO_RAWIO;
 
        file_alloced = 0;

-       if (!td->o.filename && !td->files_index && !td->o.read_iolog_file) {
+       if (!o->filename && !td->files_index && !o->read_iolog_file) {

                file_alloced = 1;
 
                file_alloced = 1;
 

-               if (td->o.nr_files == 1 && exists_and_not_file(jobname))
+               if (o->nr_files == 1 && exists_and_not_file(jobname))

                        add_file(td, jobname);
                else {
                        add_file(td, jobname);
                else {

-                       for (i = 0; i < td->o.nr_files; i++) {
-                               sprintf(fname, "%s.%d.%d", jobname,
-                                                       td->thread_number, i);
-                               add_file(td, fname);
-                       }
+                       for (i = 0; i < o->nr_files; i++)
+                               add_file(td, make_filename(fname, o, jobname, td->thread_number, i));

                }
        }
 
                }
        }
 


@@ -879,9 +953,9 @@ static int add_job(struct thread_data *td, const char *jobname, int job_add_num)
 
        td->mutex = fio_mutex_init(FIO_MUTEX_LOCKED);
 
 
        td->mutex = fio_mutex_init(FIO_MUTEX_LOCKED);
 

-       td->ts.clat_percentiles = td->o.clat_percentiles;
-       td->ts.percentile_precision = td->o.percentile_precision;
-       memcpy(td->ts.percentile_list, td->o.percentile_list, sizeof(td->o.percentile_list));
+       td->ts.clat_percentiles = o->clat_percentiles;
+       td->ts.percentile_precision = o->percentile_precision;
+       memcpy(td->ts.percentile_list, o->percentile_list, sizeof(o->percentile_list));

 
        for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
                td->ts.clat_stat[i].min_val = ULONG_MAX;
 
        for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
                td->ts.clat_stat[i].min_val = ULONG_MAX;


@@ -889,9 +963,9 @@ static int add_job(struct thread_data *td, const char *jobname, int job_add_num)
                td->ts.lat_stat[i].min_val = ULONG_MAX;
                td->ts.bw_stat[i].min_val = ULONG_MAX;
        }
                td->ts.lat_stat[i].min_val = ULONG_MAX;
                td->ts.bw_stat[i].min_val = ULONG_MAX;
        }

-       td->ddir_seq_nr = td->o.ddir_seq_nr;
+       td->ddir_seq_nr = o->ddir_seq_nr;

 
 

-       if ((td->o.stonewall || td->o.new_group) && prev_group_jobs) {
+       if ((o->stonewall || o->new_group) && prev_group_jobs) {

                prev_group_jobs = 0;
                groupid++;
        }
                prev_group_jobs = 0;
                groupid++;
        }


@@ -907,43 +981,41 @@ static int add_job(struct thread_data *td, const char *jobname, int job_add_num)
        if (setup_rate(td))
                goto err;
 
        if (setup_rate(td))
                goto err;
 

-       if (td->o.write_lat_log) {
-               setup_log(&td->lat_log, td->o.log_avg_msec);
-               setup_log(&td->slat_log, td->o.log_avg_msec);
-               setup_log(&td->clat_log, td->o.log_avg_msec);
+       if (o->write_lat_log) {
+               setup_log(&td->lat_log, o->log_avg_msec);
+               setup_log(&td->slat_log, o->log_avg_msec);
+               setup_log(&td->clat_log, o->log_avg_msec);

        }
        }

-       if (td->o.write_bw_log)
-               setup_log(&td->bw_log, td->o.log_avg_msec);
-       if (td->o.write_iops_log)
-               setup_log(&td->iops_log, td->o.log_avg_msec);
+       if (o->write_bw_log)
+               setup_log(&td->bw_log, o->log_avg_msec);
+       if (o->write_iops_log)
+               setup_log(&td->iops_log, o->log_avg_msec);

 
 

-       if (!td->o.name)
-               td->o.name = strdup(jobname);
+       if (!o->name)
+               o->name = strdup(jobname);

 
        if (output_format == FIO_OUTPUT_NORMAL) {
                if (!job_add_num) {
                        if (!strcmp(td->io_ops->name, "cpuio")) {
                                log_info("%s: ioengine=cpu, cpuload=%u,"
 
        if (output_format == FIO_OUTPUT_NORMAL) {
                if (!job_add_num) {
                        if (!strcmp(td->io_ops->name, "cpuio")) {
                                log_info("%s: ioengine=cpu, cpuload=%u,"

-                                        " cpucycle=%u\n", td->o.name,
-                                                       td->o.cpuload,
-                                                       td->o.cpucycle);
+                                        " cpucycle=%u\n", o->name,
+                                               o->cpuload, o->cpucycle);

                        } else {
                                char *c1, *c2, *c3, *c4, *c5, *c6;
 
                        } else {
                                char *c1, *c2, *c3, *c4, *c5, *c6;
 

-                               c1 = to_kmg(td->o.min_bs[DDIR_READ]);
-                               c2 = to_kmg(td->o.max_bs[DDIR_READ]);
-                               c3 = to_kmg(td->o.min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]);
-                               c4 = to_kmg(td->o.max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]);
-                               c5 = to_kmg(td->o.min_bs[DDIR_TRIM]);
-                               c6 = to_kmg(td->o.max_bs[DDIR_TRIM]);
+                               c1 = to_kmg(o->min_bs[DDIR_READ]);
+                               c2 = to_kmg(o->max_bs[DDIR_READ]);
+                               c3 = to_kmg(o->min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]);
+                               c4 = to_kmg(o->max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]);
+                               c5 = to_kmg(o->min_bs[DDIR_TRIM]);
+                               c6 = to_kmg(o->max_bs[DDIR_TRIM]);

 
                                log_info("%s: (g=%d): rw=%s, bs=%s-%s/%s-%s/%s-%s,"
                                         " ioengine=%s, iodepth=%u\n",
 
                                log_info("%s: (g=%d): rw=%s, bs=%s-%s/%s-%s/%s-%s,"
                                         " ioengine=%s, iodepth=%u\n",

-                                               td->o.name, td->groupid,
-                                               ddir_str[td->o.td_ddir],
+                                               o->name, td->groupid,
+                                               ddir_str[o->td_ddir],

                                                c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6,
                                                c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6,

-                                               td->io_ops->name,
-                                               td->o.iodepth);
+                                               td->io_ops->name, o->iodepth);

 
                                free(c1);
                                free(c2);
 
                                free(c1);
                                free(c2);


@@ -960,7 +1032,7 @@ static int add_job(struct thread_data *td, const char *jobname, int job_add_num)
         * recurse add identical jobs, clear numjobs and stonewall options
         * as they don't apply to sub-jobs
         */
         * recurse add identical jobs, clear numjobs and stonewall options
         * as they don't apply to sub-jobs
         */

-       numjobs = td->o.numjobs;
+       numjobs = o->numjobs;

        while (--numjobs) {
                struct thread_data *td_new = get_new_job(0, td, 1);
 
        while (--numjobs) {
                struct thread_data *td_new = get_new_job(0, td, 1);
 

diff --git a/options.c b/options.c
index 3eb5fdc933bfd9ddc940ceab5e0ba25eb9c14b10..bca217f6466ca8c80086f733726c924651fcdd09 100644 (file)
--- a/options.c
+++ b/options.c
@@ -1131,6 +1131,14 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
                .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
        },
                .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
                .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
        },

+       {
+               .name   = "filename_format",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(filename_format),
+               .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
+               .help   = "Override default $jobname.$jobnum.$filenum naming",
+               .def    = "$jobname.$jobnum.$filenum",
+       },

        {
                .name   = "kb_base",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
        {
                .name   = "kb_base",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,