New offset_increment option
[fio.git] / options.c
index 82a7289e517ff1d316f8b14fa59f592b11903f57..e0f6422ba173f14a86f8d4e0b198413accabab29 100644 (file)
--- a/options.c
+++ b/options.c
@@ -203,11 +203,26 @@ static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
        char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 
        td->o.ddir_seq_nr = 1;
-       if (nr) {
+       td->o.ddir_seq_add = 0;
+
+       if (!nr)
+               return 0;
+
+       if (td_random(td))
                td->o.ddir_seq_nr = atoi(nr);
-               free(nr);
+       else {
+               long long val;
+
+               if (str_to_decimal(nr, &val, 1, td)) {
+                       log_err("fio: rw postfix parsing failed\n");
+                       free(nr);
+                       return 1;
+               }
+
+               td->o.ddir_seq_add = val;
        }
 
+       free(nr);
        return 0;
 }
 
@@ -230,12 +245,9 @@ static int str_verify_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 {
        struct thread_data *td = data;
 
-       if (td->o.verify != VERIFY_CRC32C_INTEL)
-               return 0;
-
-       if (!crc32c_intel_works()) {
-               log_info("fio: System does not support hw accelerated crc32c. Falling back to sw crc32c.\n");
-               td->o.verify = VERIFY_CRC32C;
+       if (td->o.verify == VERIFY_CRC32C_INTEL ||
+           td->o.verify == VERIFY_CRC32C) {
+               crc32c_intel_probe();
        }
 
        return 0;
@@ -329,7 +341,7 @@ static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
                return 1;
        }
 
-       max_cpu = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
+       max_cpu = cpus_online();
 
        for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
                if ((1 << i) & *val) {
@@ -366,7 +378,7 @@ static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
        strip_blank_front(&str);
        strip_blank_end(str);
 
-       max_cpu = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
+       max_cpu = cpus_online();
 
        while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
                char *str2, *cpu2;
@@ -440,6 +452,16 @@ static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 }
 #endif
 
+#ifdef FIO_HAVE_TRIM
+static int str_verify_trim_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
+{
+       struct thread_data *td = data;
+
+       td->o.trim_percentage = *val;
+       return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 {
        struct thread_data *td = data;
@@ -472,6 +494,7 @@ static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 
 static int check_dir(struct thread_data *td, char *fname)
 {
+#if 0
        char file[PATH_MAX], *dir;
        int elen = 0;
 
@@ -484,7 +507,6 @@ static int check_dir(struct thread_data *td, char *fname)
        sprintf(file + elen, "%s", fname);
        dir = dirname(file);
 
-#if 0
        {
        struct stat sb;
        /*
@@ -664,7 +686,32 @@ static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
                        }
                }
        }
+
+       /*
+        * Fill the pattern all the way to the end. This greatly reduces
+        * the number of memcpy's we have to do when verifying the IO.
+        */
+       while (i > 1 && i * 2 <= MAX_PATTERN_SIZE) {
+               memcpy(&td->o.verify_pattern[i], &td->o.verify_pattern[0], i);
+               i *= 2;
+       }
+       if (i == 1) {
+               /*
+                * The code in verify_io_u_pattern assumes a single byte pattern
+                * fills the whole verify pattern buffer.
+                */
+               memset(td->o.verify_pattern, td->o.verify_pattern[0],
+                      MAX_PATTERN_SIZE);
+       }
+
        td->o.verify_pattern_bytes = i;
+
+       /*
+        * VERIFY_META could already be set
+        */
+       if (td->o.verify == VERIFY_NONE)
+               td->o.verify = VERIFY_PATTERN;
+
        return 0;
 }
 
@@ -704,6 +751,17 @@ static int str_write_lat_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
        return 0;
 }
 
+static int str_write_iops_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
+{
+       struct thread_data *td = data;
+
+       if (str)
+               td->o.iops_log_file = strdup(str);
+
+       td->o.write_iops_log = 1;
+       return 0;
+}
+
 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
 {
        struct thread_data *td = data;
@@ -713,6 +771,7 @@ static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
        td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
        td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
        td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
+       td->o.clat_percentiles = !val;
        if (val)
                td->tv_cache_mask = 63;
 
@@ -729,6 +788,20 @@ static int str_gtod_cpu_cb(void *data, long long *il)
        return 0;
 }
 
+static int str_size_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *__val)
+{
+       struct thread_data *td = data;
+       unsigned long long v = *__val;
+
+       if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
+               td->o.size = 0;
+               td->o.size_percent = -1ULL - v;
+       } else
+               td->o.size = v;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 {
        struct thread_data *td = data;
@@ -770,9 +843,6 @@ static int kb_base_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
        return 0;
 }
 
-#define __stringify_1(x)       #x
-#define __stringify(x)         __stringify_1(x)
-
 /*
  * Map of job/command line options
  */
@@ -903,7 +973,7 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
                .off1   = td_var_offset(ioengine),
                .help   = "IO engine to use",
-               .def    = "sync",
+               .def    = FIO_PREFERRED_ENGINE,
                .posval = {
                          { .ival = "sync",
                            .help = "Use read/write",
@@ -912,7 +982,7 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                            .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
                          },
                          { .ival = "vsync",
-                            .help = "Use readv/writev",
+                           .help = "Use readv/writev",
                          },
 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_LIBAIO
                          { .ival = "libaio",
@@ -928,9 +998,14 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                          { .ival = "solarisaio",
                            .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
                          },
+#endif
+#ifdef FIO_HAVE_WINDOWSAIO
+                         { .ival = "windowsaio",
+                           .help = "Windows native asynchronous IO"
+                         },
 #endif
                          { .ival = "mmap",
-                           .help = "Memory mapped IO",
+                           .help = "Memory mapped IO"
                          },
 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SPLICE
                          { .ival = "splice",
@@ -957,12 +1032,22 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                          },
 #endif
                          { .ival = "cpuio",
-                           .help = "CPU cycler burner engine",
+                           .help = "CPU cycle burner engine",
                          },
 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_GUASI
                          { .ival = "guasi",
                            .help = "GUASI IO engine",
                          },
+#endif
+#ifdef FIO_HAVE_BINJECT
+                         { .ival = "binject",
+                           .help = "binject direct inject block engine",
+                         },
+#endif
+#ifdef FIO_HAVE_RDMA
+                         { .ival = "rdma",
+                           .help = "RDMA IO engine",
+                         },
 #endif
                          { .ival = "external",
                            .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
@@ -973,7 +1058,7 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .name   = "iodepth",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
                .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth),
-               .help   = "Amount of IO buffers to keep in flight",
+               .help   = "Number of IO buffers to keep in flight",
                .minval = 1,
                .def    = "1",
        },
@@ -1006,12 +1091,12 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
        {
                .name   = "size",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
-               .off1   = td_var_offset(size),
-               .minval = 1,
+               .cb     = str_size_cb,
                .help   = "Total size of device or files",
        },
        {
                .name   = "fill_device",
+               .alias  = "fill_fs",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
                .off1   = td_var_offset(fill_device),
                .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
@@ -1089,6 +1174,14 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .def    = "1",
                .parent = "rw",
        },
+       {
+               .name   = "use_os_rand",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(use_os_rand),
+               .help   = "Set to use OS random generator",
+               .def    = "0",
+               .parent = "rw",
+       },
        {
                .name   = "norandommap",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
@@ -1106,6 +1199,7 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
        },
        {
                .name   = "nrfiles",
+               .alias  = "nr_files",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
                .off1   = td_var_offset(nr_files),
                .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
@@ -1143,12 +1237,37 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_FALLOCATE
        {
                .name   = "fallocate",
-               .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
-               .off1   = td_var_offset(fallocate),
-               .help   = "Use fallocate() when laying out files",
-               .def    = "1",
-       },
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(fallocate_mode),
+               .help   = "Whether pre-allocation is performed when laying out files",
+               .def    = "posix",
+               .posval = {
+                         { .ival = "none",
+                           .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
+                           .help = "Do not pre-allocate space",
+                         },
+                         { .ival = "posix",
+                           .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
+                           .help = "Use posix_fallocate()",
+                         },
+#ifdef FIO_HAVE_LINUX_FALLOCATE
+                         { .ival = "keep",
+                           .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_KEEP_SIZE,
+                           .help = "Use fallocate(..., FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE, ...)",
+                         },
 #endif
+                         /* Compatibility with former boolean values */
+                         { .ival = "0",
+                           .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
+                           .help = "Alias for 'none'",
+                         },
+                         { .ival = "1",
+                           .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
+                           .help = "Alias for 'posix'",
+                         },
+               },
+       },
+#endif /* FIO_HAVE_FALLOCATE */
        {
                .name   = "fadvise_hint",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
@@ -1170,6 +1289,13 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
                .def    = "0",
        },
+       {
+               .name   = "write_barrier",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(barrier_blocks),
+               .help   = "Make every Nth write a barrier write",
+               .def    = "0",
+       },
 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
        {
                .name   = "sync_file_range",
@@ -1353,12 +1479,12 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                            .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
                          },
                          { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
-                           .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C_INTEL,
-                           .help = "Use hw crc32c checksums for verification",
+                           .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
+                           .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
                          },
                          { .ival = "crc32c",
                            .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
-                           .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification",
+                           .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
                          },
                          { .ival = "crc16",
                            .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
@@ -1438,6 +1564,14 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
                .parent = "verify",
        },
+       {
+               .name   = "verify_dump",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_dump),
+               .def    = "0",
+               .help   = "Dump contents of good and bad blocks on failure",
+               .parent = "verify",
+       },
        {
                .name   = "verify_async",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
@@ -1458,7 +1592,7 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
                .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_batch),
                .help   = "Verify this number of IO blocks",
-               .parent = "verify_backlog",
+               .parent = "verify",
        },
 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
        {
@@ -1468,6 +1602,39 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
                .parent = "verify_async",
        },
+#endif
+#ifdef FIO_HAVE_TRIM
+       {
+               .name   = "trim_percentage",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
+               .cb     = str_verify_trim_cb,
+               .maxval = 100,
+               .help   = "Number of verify blocks to discard/trim",
+               .parent = "verify",
+               .def    = "0",
+       },
+       {
+               .name   = "trim_verify_zero",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
+               .help   = "Verify that trim/discarded blocks are returned as zeroes",
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_zero),
+               .parent = "trim_percentage",
+               .def    = "1",
+       },
+       {
+               .name   = "trim_backlog",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_backlog),
+               .help   = "Trim after this number of blocks are written",
+               .parent = "trim_percentage",
+       },
+       {
+               .name   = "trim_backlog_batch",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_batch),
+               .help   = "Trim this number of IO blocks",
+               .parent = "trim_percentage",
+       },
 #endif
        {
                .name   = "write_iolog",
@@ -1486,8 +1653,16 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
                .off1   = td_var_offset(no_stall),
                .def    = "0",
+               .parent = "read_iolog",
                .help   = "Playback IO pattern file as fast as possible without stalls",
        },
+       {
+               .name   = "replay_redirect",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(replay_redirect),
+               .parent = "read_iolog",
+               .help   = "Replay all I/O onto this device, regardless of trace device",
+       },
        {
                .name   = "exec_prerun",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
@@ -1512,6 +1687,13 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .name   = "zonesize",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
                .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_size),
+               .help   = "Amount of data to read per zone",
+               .def    = "0",
+       },
+       {
+               .name   = "zonerange",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_range),
                .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
                .def    = "0",
        },
@@ -1626,7 +1808,7 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
                .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[0]),
                .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[1]),
-               .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
+               .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shut down",
                .parent = "rate_iops",
        },
        {
@@ -1659,6 +1841,15 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
                          " (msec)",
                .def    = "500",
+               .parent = "write_bw_log",
+       },
+       {
+               .name   = "iopsavgtime",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_avg_time),
+               .help   = "Time window over which to calculate IOPS (msec)",
+               .def    = "500",
+               .parent = "write_iops_log",
        },
        {
                .name   = "create_serialize",
@@ -1671,7 +1862,7 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .name   = "create_fsync",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
                .off1   = td_var_offset(create_fsync),
-               .help   = "Fsync file after creation",
+               .help   = "fsync file after creation",
                .def    = "1",
        },
        {
@@ -1685,7 +1876,7 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .name   = "pre_read",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
                .off1   = td_var_offset(pre_read),
-               .help   = "Preread files before starting official testing",
+               .help   = "Pre-read files before starting official testing",
                .def    = "0",
        },
        {
@@ -1745,6 +1936,7 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
        },
        {
                .name   = "stonewall",
+               .alias  = "wait_for_previous",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
                .off1   = td_var_offset(stonewall),
                .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
@@ -1775,12 +1967,26 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .cb     = str_write_lat_log_cb,
                .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
        },
+       {
+               .name   = "write_iops_log",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(write_iops_log),
+               .cb     = str_write_iops_log_cb,
+               .help   = "Write log of IOPS during run",
+       },
+       {
+               .name   = "log_avg_msec",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(log_avg_msec),
+               .help   = "Average bw/iops/lat logs over this period of time",
+               .def    = "0",
+       },
        {
                .name   = "hugepage-size",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
                .off1   = td_var_offset(hugepage_size),
                .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
-               .def    = __stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
+               .def    = __fio_stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
        },
        {
                .name   = "group_reporting",
@@ -1800,6 +2006,46 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .off1   = td_var_offset(refill_buffers),
                .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
        },
+       {
+               .name   = "scramble_buffers",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(scramble_buffers),
+               .help   = "Slightly scramble buffers on every IO submit",
+               .def    = "1",
+       },
+       {
+               .name   = "buffer_compress_percentage",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(compress_percentage),
+               .maxval = 100,
+               .minval = 1,
+               .help   = "How compressible the buffer is (approximately)",
+       },
+       {
+               .name   = "buffer_compress_chunk",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(compress_chunk),
+               .parent = "buffer_compress_percentage",
+               .help   = "Size of compressible region in buffer",
+       },
+       {
+               .name   = "clat_percentiles",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(clat_percentiles),
+               .help   = "Enable the reporting of completion latency percentiles",
+               .def    = "1",
+       },
+       {
+               .name   = "percentile_list",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(percentile_list),
+               .off2   = td_var_offset(overwrite_plist),
+               .help   = "Specify a custom list of percentiles to report",
+               .maxlen = FIO_IO_U_LIST_MAX_LEN,
+               .minfp  = 0.0,
+               .maxfp  = 100.0,
+       },
+
 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
        {
                .name   = "disk_util",
@@ -1836,7 +2082,7 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .name   = "disable_slat",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
                .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_slat),
-               .help   = "Disable submissionn latency numbers",
+               .help   = "Disable submission latency numbers",
                .parent = "gtod_reduce",
                .def    = "0",
        },
@@ -1852,15 +2098,49 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .name   = "gtod_cpu",
                .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
                .cb     = str_gtod_cpu_cb,
-               .help   = "Setup dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
+               .help   = "Set up dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
                .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
        },
        {
                .name   = "continue_on_error",
-               .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
                .off1   = td_var_offset(continue_on_error),
-               .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during I/O",
-               .def    = "0",
+               .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during IO",
+               .def    = "none",
+               .posval = {
+                         { .ival = "none",
+                           .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
+                           .help = "Exit when an error is encountered",
+                         },
+                         { .ival = "read",
+                           .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ,
+                           .help = "Continue on read errors only",
+                         },
+                         { .ival = "write",
+                           .oval = ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
+                           .help = "Continue on write errors only",
+                         },
+                         { .ival = "io",
+                           .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ | ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
+                           .help = "Continue on any IO errors",
+                         },
+                         { .ival = "verify",
+                           .oval = ERROR_TYPE_VERIFY,
+                           .help = "Continue on verify errors only",
+                         },
+                         { .ival = "all",
+                           .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
+                           .help = "Continue on all io and verify errors",
+                         },
+                         { .ival = "0",
+                           .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
+                           .help = "Alias for 'none'",
+                         },
+                         { .ival = "1",
+                           .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
+                           .help = "Alias for 'all'",
+                         },
+               },
        },
        {
                .name   = "profile",
@@ -1901,39 +2181,73 @@ static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
                .off1   = td_var_offset(gid),
                .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
        },
+       {
+               .name   = "flow_id",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_id),
+               .help   = "The flow index ID to use",
+               .def    = "0",
+       },
+       {
+               .name   = "flow",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(flow),
+               .help   = "Weight for flow control of this job",
+               .parent = "flow_id",
+               .def    = "0",
+       },
+       {
+               .name   = "flow_watermark",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_watermark),
+               .help   = "High watermark for flow control. This option"
+                       " should be set to the same value for all threads"
+                       " with non-zero flow.",
+               .parent = "flow_id",
+               .def    = "1024",
+       },
+       {
+               .name   = "flow_sleep",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_sleep),
+               .help   = "How many microseconds to sleep after being held"
+                       " back by the flow control mechanism",
+               .parent = "flow_id",
+               .def    = "0",
+       },
+       {
+               .name   = "offset_increment",
+               .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
+               .off1   = td_var_offset(offset_increment),
+               .help   = "What is the increment from one offset to the next",
+               .def    = "0",
+       },
        {
                .name = NULL,
        },
 };
 
 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o,
-                       const char *name)
+                       const char *name, int val)
 {
        lopt->name = (char *) name;
-       lopt->val = FIO_GETOPT_JOB;
+       lopt->val = val;
        if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
                lopt->has_arg = no_argument;
        else
                lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
 }
 
-void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
+static void options_to_lopts(struct fio_option *opts,
+                             struct option *long_options,
+                             int i, int option_type)
 {
-       struct fio_option *o;
-       unsigned int i;
-
-       options_init(options);
-
-       i = 0;
-       while (long_options[i].name)
-               i++;
-
-       o = &options[0];
+       struct fio_option *o = &opts[0];
        while (o->name) {
-               add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->name);
+               add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->name, option_type);
                if (o->alias) {
                        i++;
-                       add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->alias);
+                       add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->alias, option_type);
                }
 
                i++;
@@ -1942,6 +2256,43 @@ void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
        }
 }
 
+void fio_options_set_ioengine_opts(struct option *long_options,
+                                  struct thread_data *td)
+{
+       unsigned int i;
+
+       i = 0;
+       while (long_options[i].name) {
+               if (long_options[i].val == FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE) {
+                       memset(&long_options[i], 0, sizeof(*long_options));
+                       break;
+               }
+               i++;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Just clear out the prior ioengine options.
+        */
+       if (!td || !td->eo)
+               return;
+
+       options_to_lopts(td->io_ops->options, long_options, i,
+                        FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE);
+}
+
+void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
+{
+       unsigned int i;
+
+       options_init(options);
+
+       i = 0;
+       while (long_options[i].name)
+               i++;
+
+       options_to_lopts(options, long_options, i, FIO_GETOPT_JOB);
+}
+
 struct fio_keyword {
        const char *word;
        const char *desc;
@@ -1975,11 +2326,11 @@ void fio_keywords_init(void)
        sprintf(buf, "%lu", page_size);
        fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
 
-       mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / page_size;
+       mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / (1024 * 1024);
        sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
        fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
 
-       l = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
+       l = cpus_online();
        sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
        fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
 }
@@ -1988,15 +2339,15 @@ void fio_keywords_init(void)
 
 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
 {
-       char *buf, *tmp, opt[80];
+       char buf[128], *tmp;
        FILE *f;
        int ret;
 
        /*
         * No math, just return string
         */
-       if (!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
-           !strchr(str, '/'))
+       if ((!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
+            !strchr(str, '/')) || strchr(str, '\''))
                return str;
 
        /*
@@ -2007,37 +2358,89 @@ static char *bc_calc(char *str)
                return str;
 
        tmp++;
-       memset(opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
-       strncpy(opt, str, tmp - str);
 
-       buf = malloc(128);
+       /*
+        * Prevent buffer overflows; such a case isn't reasonable anyway
+        */
+       if (strlen(str) >= 128 || strlen(tmp) > 100)
+               return str;
 
        sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
        if (system(buf)) {
                log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
-               free(buf);
                return NULL;
        }
 
-       sprintf(buf, "echo %s | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
+       sprintf(buf, "echo '%s' | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
        f = popen(buf, "r");
        if (!f) {
-               free(buf);
                return NULL;
        }
 
-       ret = fread(buf, 1, 128, f);
+       ret = fread(&buf[tmp - str], 1, 128 - (tmp - str), f);
        if (ret <= 0) {
-               free(buf);
                return NULL;
        }
 
-       buf[ret - 1] = '\0';
-       strcat(opt, buf);
-       strcpy(buf, opt);
        pclose(f);
+       buf[(tmp - str) + ret - 1] = '\0';
+       memcpy(buf, str, tmp - str);
        free(str);
-       return buf;
+       return strdup(buf);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return a copy of the input string with substrings of the form ${VARNAME}
+ * substituted with the value of the environment variable VARNAME.  The
+ * substitution always occurs, even if VARNAME is empty or the corresponding
+ * environment variable undefined.
+ */
+static char *option_dup_subs(const char *opt)
+{
+       char out[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
+       char in[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
+       char *outptr = out;
+       char *inptr = in;
+       char *ch1, *ch2, *env;
+       ssize_t nchr = OPT_LEN_MAX;
+       size_t envlen;
+
+       if (strlen(opt) + 1 > OPT_LEN_MAX) {
+               log_err("OPT_LEN_MAX (%d) is too small\n", OPT_LEN_MAX);
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       in[OPT_LEN_MAX] = '\0';
+       strncpy(in, opt, OPT_LEN_MAX);
+
+       while (*inptr && nchr > 0) {
+               if (inptr[0] == '$' && inptr[1] == '{') {
+                       ch2 = strchr(inptr, '}');
+                       if (ch2 && inptr+1 < ch2) {
+                               ch1 = inptr+2;
+                               inptr = ch2+1;
+                               *ch2 = '\0';
+
+                               env = getenv(ch1);
+                               if (env) {
+                                       envlen = strlen(env);
+                                       if (envlen <= nchr) {
+                                               memcpy(outptr, env, envlen);
+                                               outptr += envlen;
+                                               nchr -= envlen;
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               continue;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               *outptr++ = *inptr++;
+               --nchr;
+       }
+
+       *outptr = '\0';
+       return strdup(out);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2047,6 +2450,7 @@ static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
 {
        char *s;
        int i;
+       int docalc = 0;
 
        for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
                struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
@@ -2076,29 +2480,86 @@ static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
                         * replace opt and free the old opt
                         */
                        opt = new;
-                       //free(o_org);
+                       free(o_org);
 
-                       /*
-                        * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
-                        */
-                       opt = bc_calc(opt);
+                       docalc = 1;
                }
        }
 
+       /*
+        * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
+        */
+       if (docalc)
+               opt = bc_calc(opt);
+
        return opt;
 }
 
+static char **dup_and_sub_options(char **opts, int num_opts)
+{
+       int i;
+       char **opts_copy = malloc(num_opts * sizeof(*opts));
+       for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
+               opts_copy[i] = option_dup_subs(opts[i]);
+               if (!opts_copy[i])
+                       continue;
+               opts_copy[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts_copy[i]);
+       }
+       return opts_copy;
+}
+
 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts)
 {
-       int i, ret;
+       int i, ret, unknown;
+       char **opts_copy;
 
        sort_options(opts, options, num_opts);
+       opts_copy = dup_and_sub_options(opts, num_opts);
+
+       for (ret = 0, i = 0, unknown = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
+               struct fio_option *o;
+               int newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i], options, &o,
+                                         td);
 
-       for (ret = 0, i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
-               opts[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts[i]);
-               ret |= parse_option(opts[i], options, td);
+               if (opts_copy[i]) {
+                       if (newret && !o) {
+                               unknown++;
+                               continue;
+                       }
+                       free(opts_copy[i]);
+                       opts_copy[i] = NULL;
+               }
+
+               ret |= newret;
+       }
+
+       if (unknown) {
+               ret |= ioengine_load(td);
+               if (td->eo) {
+                       sort_options(opts_copy, td->io_ops->options, num_opts);
+                       opts = opts_copy;
+               }
+               for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
+                       struct fio_option *o = NULL;
+                       int newret = 1;
+                       if (!opts_copy[i])
+                               continue;
+
+                       if (td->eo)
+                               newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i],
+                                                     td->io_ops->options, &o,
+                                                     td->eo);
+
+                       ret |= newret;
+                       if (!o)
+                               log_err("Bad option <%s>\n", opts[i]);
+
+                       free(opts_copy[i]);
+                       opts_copy[i] = NULL;
+               }
        }
 
+       free(opts_copy);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -2107,6 +2568,12 @@ int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
        return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, options, td);
 }
 
+int fio_cmd_ioengine_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt,
+                               char *val)
+{
+       return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, td->io_ops->options, td);
+}
+
 void fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data *td)
 {
        fill_default_options(td, options);
@@ -2117,42 +2584,35 @@ int fio_show_option_help(const char *opt)
        return show_cmd_help(options, opt);
 }
 
-static void __options_mem(struct thread_data *td, int alloc)
+void options_mem_dupe(void *data, struct fio_option *options)
 {
-       struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
-       struct fio_option *opt;
+       struct fio_option *o;
        char **ptr;
-       int i;
 
-       for (i = 0, opt = &options[0]; opt->name; i++, opt = &options[i]) {
-               if (opt->type != FIO_OPT_STR_STORE)
+       for (o = &options[0]; o->name; o++) {
+               if (o->type != FIO_OPT_STR_STORE)
                        continue;
 
-               ptr = (void *) o + opt->off1;
-               if (*ptr) {
-                       if (alloc)
-                               *ptr = strdup(*ptr);
-                       else {
-                               free(*ptr);
-                               *ptr = NULL;
-                       }
-               }
+               ptr = td_var(data, o->off1);
+               if (*ptr)
+                       *ptr = strdup(*ptr);
        }
 }
 
 /*
  * dupe FIO_OPT_STR_STORE options
  */
-void options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
+void fio_options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
 {
-       __options_mem(td, 1);
-}
+       options_mem_dupe(&td->o, options);
 
-void options_mem_free(struct thread_data fio_unused *td)
-{
-#if 0
-       __options_mem(td, 0);
-#endif
+       if (td->eo && td->io_ops) {
+               void *oldeo = td->eo;
+
+               td->eo = malloc(td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
+               memcpy(td->eo, oldeo, td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
+               options_mem_dupe(td->eo, td->io_ops->options);
+       }
 }
 
 unsigned int fio_get_kb_base(void *data)
@@ -2235,3 +2695,13 @@ void del_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival)
                o->posval[i].help = NULL;
        }
 }
+
+void fio_options_free(struct thread_data *td)
+{
+       options_free(options, td);
+       if (td->eo && td->io_ops && td->io_ops->options) {
+               options_free(td->io_ops->options, td->eo);
+               free(td->eo);
+               td->eo = NULL;
+       }
+}