.TP
.I float_list
List of floating numbers: A list of floating numbers, separated by
-a ':' charcater.
+a ':' character.
.SS "Parameter List"
.TP
.BI name \fR=\fPstr
.B write
Sequential writes.
.TP
+.B trim
+Sequential trim (Linux block devices only).
+.TP
.B randread
Random reads.
.TP
.B randwrite
Random writes.
.TP
+.B randtrim
+Random trim (Linux block devices only).
+.TP
.B rw, readwrite
Mixed sequential reads and writes.
.TP
.BI kb_base \fR=\fPint
The base unit for a kilobyte. The defacto base is 2^10, 1024. Storage
manufacturers like to use 10^3 or 1000 as a base ten unit instead, for obvious
-reasons. Allow values are 1024 or 1000, with 1024 being the default.
+reasons. Allowed values are 1024 or 1000, with 1024 being the default.
.TP
.BI unified_rw_reporting \fR=\fPbool
Fio normally reports statistics on a per data direction basis, meaning that
Do not pre-allocate space.
.TP
.B posix
-Pre-allocate via posix_fallocate().
+Pre-allocate via \fBposix_fallocate\fR\|(3).
.TP
.B keep
-Pre-allocate via fallocate() with FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE set.
+Pre-allocate via \fBfallocate\fR\|(2) with FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE set.
.TP
.B 0
Backward-compatible alias for 'none'.
.RE
.TP
.BI fadvise_hint \fR=\fPbool
-Use of \fIposix_fadvise\fR\|(2) to advise the kernel what I/O patterns
+Use of \fBposix_fadvise\fR\|(2) to advise the kernel what I/O patterns
are likely to be issued. Default: true.
.TP
.BI size \fR=\fPint
Total size of I/O for this job. \fBfio\fR will run until this many bytes have
-been transfered, unless limited by other options (\fBruntime\fR, for instance).
+been transferred, unless limited by other options (\fBruntime\fR, for instance).
Unless \fBnrfiles\fR and \fBfilesize\fR options are given, this amount will be
divided between the available files for the job. If not set, fio will use the
-full size of the given files or devices. If the the files do not exist, size
+full size of the given files or devices. If the files do not exist, size
must be given. It is also possible to give size as a percentage between 1 and
100. If size=20% is given, fio will use 20% of the full size of the given files
or devices.
same size.
.TP
.BI blocksize \fR=\fPint[,int] "\fR,\fB bs" \fR=\fPint[,int]
-Block size for I/O units. Default: 4k. Values for reads and writes can be
-specified separately in the format \fIread\fR,\fIwrite\fR, either of
-which may be empty to leave that value at its default.
+Block size for I/O units. Default: 4k. Values for reads, writes, and trims
+can be specified separately in the format \fIread\fR,\fIwrite\fR,\fItrim\fR
+either of which may be empty to leave that value at its default. If a trailing
+comma isn't given, the remainder will inherit the last value set.
.TP
.BI blocksize_range \fR=\fPirange[,irange] "\fR,\fB bsrange" \fR=\fPirange[,irange]
Specify a range of I/O block sizes. The issued I/O unit will always be a
multiple of the minimum size, unless \fBblocksize_unaligned\fR is set. Applies
to both reads and writes if only one range is given, but can be specified
-separately with a comma seperating the values. Example: bsrange=1k-4k,2k-8k.
+separately with a comma separating the values. Example: bsrange=1k-4k,2k-8k.
Also (see \fBblocksize\fR).
.TP
.BI bssplit \fR=\fPstr
This option is mutually exclusive with using a random map for files, so it
will turn off that option.
.TP
+.BI bs_is_seq_rand \fR=\fPbool
+If this option is set, fio will use the normal read,write blocksize settings as
+sequential,random instead. Any random read or write will use the WRITE
+blocksize settings, and any sequential read or write will use the READ
+blocksize setting.
+.TP
.B zero_buffers
Initialise buffers with all zeros. Default: fill buffers with random data.
.TP
.RS
.TP
.B random
-Choose a file at random
+Choose a file at random.
.TP
.B roundrobin
Round robin over open files (default).
+.TP
.B sequential
Do each file in the set sequentially.
.RE
.RS
.TP
.B sync
-Basic \fIread\fR\|(2) or \fIwrite\fR\|(2) I/O. \fIfseek\fR\|(2) is used to
+Basic \fBread\fR\|(2) or \fBwrite\fR\|(2) I/O. \fBfseek\fR\|(2) is used to
position the I/O location.
.TP
.B psync
-Basic \fIpread\fR\|(2) or \fIpwrite\fR\|(2) I/O.
+Basic \fBpread\fR\|(2) or \fBpwrite\fR\|(2) I/O.
.TP
.B vsync
-Basic \fIreadv\fR\|(2) or \fIwritev\fR\|(2) I/O. Will emulate queuing by
-coalescing adjacents IOs into a single submission.
+Basic \fBreadv\fR\|(2) or \fBwritev\fR\|(2) I/O. Will emulate queuing by
+coalescing adjacent IOs into a single submission.
.TP
.B pvsync
-Basic \fIpreadv\fR\|(2) or \fIpwritev\fR\|(2) I/O.
+Basic \fBpreadv\fR\|(2) or \fBpwritev\fR\|(2) I/O.
.TP
.B libaio
Linux native asynchronous I/O. This ioengine defines engine specific options.
.TP
.B posixaio
-POSIX asynchronous I/O using \fIaio_read\fR\|(3) and \fIaio_write\fR\|(3).
+POSIX asynchronous I/O using \fBaio_read\fR\|(3) and \fBaio_write\fR\|(3).
.TP
.B solarisaio
Solaris native asynchronous I/O.
Windows native asynchronous I/O.
.TP
.B mmap
-File is memory mapped with \fImmap\fR\|(2) and data copied using
-\fImemcpy\fR\|(3).
+File is memory mapped with \fBmmap\fR\|(2) and data copied using
+\fBmemcpy\fR\|(3).
.TP
.B splice
-\fIsplice\fR\|(2) is used to transfer the data and \fIvmsplice\fR\|(2) to
+\fBsplice\fR\|(2) is used to transfer the data and \fBvmsplice\fR\|(2) to
transfer data from user-space to the kernel.
.TP
.B syslet-rw
.TP
.B sg
SCSI generic sg v3 I/O. May be either synchronous using the SG_IO ioctl, or if
-the target is an sg character device, we use \fIread\fR\|(2) and
-\fIwrite\fR\|(2) for asynchronous I/O.
+the target is an sg character device, we use \fBread\fR\|(2) and
+\fBwrite\fR\|(2) for asynchronous I/O.
.TP
.B null
Doesn't transfer any data, just pretends to. Mainly used to exercise \fBfio\fR
This ioengine defines engine specific options.
.TP
.B netsplice
-Like \fBnet\fR, but uses \fIsplice\fR\|(2) and \fIvmsplice\fR\|(2) to map data
+Like \fBnet\fR, but uses \fBsplice\fR\|(2) and \fBvmsplice\fR\|(2) to map data
and send/receive. This ioengine defines engine specific options.
.TP
.B cpuio
.TP
.B guasi
The GUASI I/O engine is the Generic Userspace Asynchronous Syscall Interface
-approach to asycnronous I/O.
+approach to asynchronous I/O.
.br
See <http://www.xmailserver.org/guasi\-lib.html>.
.TP
`:\fIenginepath\fR'.
.TP
.B falloc
- IO engine that does regular linux native fallocate callt to simulate data
+ IO engine that does regular linux native fallocate call to simulate data
transfer as fio ioengine
.br
DDIR_READ does fallocate(,mode = FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE,)
there are several jobs which are intended to operate on a file in parallel in
disjoint segments, with even spacing between the starting points.
.TP
+.BI number_ios \fR=\fPint
+Fio will normally perform IOs until it has exhausted the size of the region
+set by \fBsize\fR, or if it exhaust the allocated time (or hits an error
+condition). With this setting, the range/size can be set independently of
+the number of IOs to perform. When fio reaches this number, it will exit
+normally and report status.
+.TP
.BI fsync \fR=\fPint
How many I/Os to perform before issuing an \fBfsync\fR\|(2) of dirty data. If
0, don't sync. Default: 0.
Like \fBfsync\fR, but uses \fBfdatasync\fR\|(2) instead to only sync the
data parts of the file. Default: 0.
.TP
+.BI write_barrier \fR=\fPint
+Make every Nth write a barrier write.
+.TP
.BI sync_file_range \fR=\fPstr:int
-Use sync_file_range() for every \fRval\fP number of write operations. Fio will
-track range of writes that have happened since the last sync_file_range() call.
+Use \fBsync_file_range\fR\|(2) for every \fRval\fP number of write operations. Fio will
+track range of writes that have happened since the last \fBsync_file_range\fR\|(2) call.
\fRstr\fP can currently be one or more of:
.RS
.TP
.P
So if you do sync_file_range=wait_before,write:8, fio would use
\fBSYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE | SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE\fP for every 8 writes.
-Also see the sync_file_range(2) man page. This option is Linux specific.
+Also see the \fBsync_file_range\fR\|(2) man page. This option is Linux specific.
.TP
.BI overwrite \fR=\fPbool
If writing, setup the file first and do overwrites. Default: false.
For a random workload, set how big a percentage should be random. This defaults
to 100%, in which case the workload is fully random. It can be set from
anywhere from 0 to 100. Setting it to 0 would make the workload fully
-sequential.
-.TP
-.BI percentage_sequential \fR=\fPint
-See \fBpercentage_random\fR.
+sequential. It is possible to set different values for reads, writes, and
+trim. To do so, simply use a comma separated list. See \fBblocksize\fR.
.TP
.B norandommap
Normally \fBfio\fR will cover every block of the file when doing random I/O. If
workload, fio may read or write some blocks multiple times.
.TP
.BI nice \fR=\fPint
-Run job with given nice value. See \fInice\fR\|(2).
+Run job with given nice value. See \fBnice\fR\|(2).
.TP
.BI prio \fR=\fPint
Set I/O priority value of this job between 0 (highest) and 7 (lowest). See
-\fIionice\fR\|(1).
+\fBionice\fR\|(1).
.TP
.BI prioclass \fR=\fPint
-Set I/O priority class. See \fIionice\fR\|(1).
+Set I/O priority class. See \fBionice\fR\|(1).
.TP
.BI thinktime \fR=\fPint
Stall job for given number of microseconds between issuing I/Os.
.BI rate_iops \fR=\fPint
Cap the bandwidth to this number of IOPS. Basically the same as rate, just
specified independently of bandwidth. The same format as \fBrate\fR is used for
-read vs write seperation. If \fBblocksize\fR is a range, the smallest block
+read vs write separation. If \fBblocksize\fR is a range, the smallest block
size is used as the metric.
.TP
.BI rate_iops_min \fR=\fPint
If this rate of I/O is not met, the job will exit. The same format as \fBrate\fR
-is used for read vs write seperation.
+is used for read vs write separation.
.TP
.BI ratecycle \fR=\fPint
Average bandwidth for \fBrate\fR and \fBratemin\fR over this number of
Same as \fBcpumask\fR, but allows a comma-delimited list of CPU numbers.
.TP
.BI numa_cpu_nodes \fR=\fPstr
-Set this job running on spcified NUMA nodes' CPUs. The arguments allow
+Set this job running on specified NUMA nodes' CPUs. The arguments allow
comma delimited list of cpu numbers, A-B ranges, or 'all'.
.TP
.BI numa_mem_policy \fR=\fPstr
Set this job's memory policy and corresponding NUMA nodes. Format of
-the argements:
+the arguments:
.RS
.TP
.B <mode>[:<nodelist>]
.RS
.TP
.B malloc
-Allocate memory with \fImalloc\fR\|(3).
+Allocate memory with \fBmalloc\fR\|(3).
.TP
.B shm
-Use shared memory buffers allocated through \fIshmget\fR\|(2).
+Use shared memory buffers allocated through \fBshmget\fR\|(2).
.TP
.B shmhuge
Same as \fBshm\fR, but use huge pages as backing.
.TP
.B mmap
-Use \fImmap\fR\|(2) for allocation. Uses anonymous memory unless a filename
+Use \fBmmap\fR\|(2) for allocation. Uses anonymous memory unless a filename
is given after the option in the format `:\fIfile\fR'.
.TP
.B mmaphuge
.RE
.TP
.BI iomem_align \fR=\fPint "\fR,\fP mem_align" \fR=\fPint
-This indiciates the memory alignment of the IO memory buffers. Note that the
+This indicates the memory alignment of the IO memory buffers. Note that the
given alignment is applied to the first IO unit buffer, if using \fBiodepth\fR
the alignment of the following buffers are given by the \fBbs\fR used. In
other words, if using a \fBbs\fR that is a multiple of the page sized in the
If true, serialize file creation for the jobs. Default: true.
.TP
.BI create_fsync \fR=\fPbool
-\fIfsync\fR\|(2) data file after creation. Default: true.
+\fBfsync\fR\|(2) data file after creation. Default: true.
.TP
.BI create_on_open \fR=\fPbool
If true, the files are not created until they are opened for IO by the job.
be of the newly written data.
.RE
.TP
-.BI verify_sort \fR=\fPbool
+.BI verifysort \fR=\fPbool
If true, written verify blocks are sorted if \fBfio\fR deems it to be faster to
read them back in a sorted manner. Default: true.
.TP
+.BI verifysort_nr \fR=\fPint
+Pre-load and sort verify blocks for a read workload.
+.TP
.BI verify_offset \fR=\fPint
Swap the verification header with data somewhere else in the block before
writing. It is swapped back before verifying.
\fBverify_backlog_batch\fR is larger than \fBverify_backlog\fR, some blocks
will be verified more than once.
.TP
+.BI trim_percentage \fR=\fPint
+Number of verify blocks to discard/trim.
+.TP
+.BI trim_verify_zero \fR=\fPbool
+Verify that trim/discarded blocks are returned as zeroes.
+.TP
+.BI trim_backlog \fR=\fPint
+Trim after this number of blocks are written.
+.TP
+.BI trim_backlog_batch \fR=\fPint
+Trim this number of IO blocks.
+.TP
+.BI experimental_verify \fR=\fPbool
+Enable experimental verification.
+.TP
.B stonewall "\fR,\fP wait_for_previous"
Wait for preceding jobs in the job file to exit before starting this one.
\fBstonewall\fR implies \fBnew_group\fR.
.BI zonesize \fR=\fPint
Divide file into zones of the specified size in bytes. See \fBzoneskip\fR.
.TP
+.BI zonerange \fR=\fPint
+Give size of an IO zone. See \fBzoneskip\fR.
+.TP
.BI zoneskip \fR=\fPint
Skip the specified number of bytes when \fBzonesize\fR bytes of data have been
read.
If given, write a bandwidth log of the jobs in this job file. Can be used to
store data of the bandwidth of the jobs in their lifetime. The included
fio_generate_plots script uses gnuplot to turn these text files into nice
-graphs. See \fBwrite_log_log\fR for behaviour of given filename. For this
+graphs. See \fBwrite_lat_log\fR for behaviour of given filename. For this
option, the postfix is _bw.log.
.TP
.BI write_lat_log \fR=\fPstr
.TP
.BI disable_lat \fR=\fPbool
Disable measurements of total latency numbers. Useful only for cutting
-back the number of calls to gettimeofday, as that does impact performance at
+back the number of calls to \fBgettimeofday\fR\|(2), as that does impact performance at
really high IOPS rates. Note that to really get rid of a large amount of these
calls, this option must be used with disable_slat and disable_bw as well.
.TP
.TP
.BI exec_prerun \fR=\fPstr
Before running the job, execute the specified command with \fBsystem\fR\|(3).
+.RS
+Output is redirected in a file called \fBjobname.prerun.txt\fR
+.RE
.TP
.BI exec_postrun \fR=\fPstr
Same as \fBexec_prerun\fR, but the command is executed after the job completes.
+.RS
+Output is redirected in a file called \fBjobname.postrun.txt\fR
+.RE
.TP
.BI ioscheduler \fR=\fPstr
Attempt to switch the device hosting the file to the specified I/O scheduler.
.RS
.TP
.B gettimeofday
-gettimeofday(2)
+\fBgettimeofday\fR\|(2)
.TP
.B clock_gettime
-clock_gettime(2)
+\fBclock_gettime\fR\|(2)
.TP
.B cpu
Internal CPU clock source
means supporting TSC Invariant.
.TP
.BI gtod_reduce \fR=\fPbool
-Enable all of the gettimeofday() reducing options (disable_clat, disable_slat,
+Enable all of the \fBgettimeofday\fR\|(2) reducing options (disable_clat, disable_slat,
disable_bw) plus reduce precision of the timeout somewhat to really shrink the
-gettimeofday() call count. With this option enabled, we only do about 0.4% of
+\fBgettimeofday\fR\|(2) call count. With this option enabled, we only do about 0.4% of
the gtod() calls we would have done if all time keeping was enabled.
.TP
.BI gtod_cpu \fR=\fPint
Sometimes it's cheaper to dedicate a single thread of execution to just getting
the current time. Fio (and databases, for instance) are very intensive on
-gettimeofday() calls. With this option, you can set one CPU aside for doing
+\fBgettimeofday\fR\|(2) calls. With this option, you can set one CPU aside for doing
nothing but logging current time to a shared memory location. Then the other
threads/processes that run IO workloads need only copy that segment, instead of
-entering the kernel with a gettimeofday() call. The CPU set aside for doing
+entering the kernel with a \fBgettimeofday\fR\|(2) call. The CPU set aside for doing
these time calls will be excluded from other uses. Fio will manually clear it
from the CPU mask of other jobs.
.TP
If set dump every error even if it is non fatal, true by default. If disabled
only fatal error will be dumped
.TP
+.BI profile \fR=\fPstr
+Select a specific builtin performance test.
+.TP
.BI cgroup \fR=\fPstr
Add job to this control group. If it doesn't exist, it will be created.
The system must have a mounted cgroup blkio mount point for this to work. If
.BI gid \fR=\fPint
Set group ID, see \fBuid\fR.
.TP
+.BI unit_base \fR=\fPint
+Base unit for reporting. Allowed values are:
+.RS
+.TP
+.B 0
+Use auto-detection (default).
+.TP
+.B 8
+Byte based.
+.TP
+.B 1
+Bit based.
+.RE
+.P
+.TP
.BI flow_id \fR=\fPint
The ID of the flow. If not specified, it defaults to being a global flow. See
\fBflow\fR.
.BI (net,netsplice)hostname \fR=\fPstr
The host name or IP address to use for TCP or UDP based IO.
If the job is a TCP listener or UDP reader, the hostname is not
-used and must be omitted.
+used and must be omitted unless it is a valid UDP multicast address.
.TP
.BI (net,netsplice)port \fR=\fPint
The TCP or UDP port to bind to or connect to.
.TP
+.BI (net,netsplice)interface \fR=\fPstr
+The IP address of the network interface used to send or receive UDP multicast
+packets.
+.TP
+.BI (net,netsplice)ttl \fR=\fPint
+Time-to-live value for outgoing UDP multicast packets. Default: 1
+.TP
.BI (net,netsplice)nodelay \fR=\fPbool
Set TCP_NODELAY on TCP connections.
.TP
hostname must be omitted if this option is used.
.TP
.BI (net, pingpong) \fR=\fPbool
-Normal a network writer will just continue writing data, and a network reader
+Normally a network writer will just continue writing data, and a network reader
will just consume packages. If pingpong=1 is set, a writer will send its normal
payload to the reader, then wait for the reader to send the same payload back.
This allows fio to measure network latencies. The submission and completion
latencies then measure local time spent sending or receiving, and the
completion latency measures how long it took for the other end to receive and
-send back.
+send back. For UDP multicast traffic pingpong=1 should only be set for a single
+reader when multiple readers are listening to the same address.
.TP
.BI (e4defrag,donorname) \fR=\fPstr
File will be used as a block donor (swap extents between files)
Preallocate donor's file on init
.TP
.BI 1:
-allocate space immidietly inside defragment event, and free right after event
+allocate space immediately inside defragment event, and free right after event
.RE
.TP
.SH OUTPUT
projects / fio.git / blobdiff