options.c

   1 #include <stdio.h>
   2 #include <stdlib.h>
   3 #include <unistd.h>
   4 #include <ctype.h>
   5 #include <string.h>
   6 #include <getopt.h>
   7 #include <assert.h>
   8 #include <libgen.h>
   9 #include <fcntl.h>
  10 #include <sys/types.h>
  11 #include <sys/stat.h>
  12
  13 #include "fio.h"
  14 #include "verify.h"
  15 #include "parse.h"
  16 #include "lib/fls.h"
  17 #include "options.h"
  18
  19 /*
  20  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
  21  */
  22 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
  23 {
  24         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
  25
  26         if (!p)
  27                 return NULL;
  28
  29         p++;
  30         strip_blank_front(&p);
  31         strip_blank_end(p);
  32         return strdup(p);
  33 }
  34
  35 static int converthexchartoint(char a)
  36 {
  37         int base;
  38
  39         switch(a) {
  40         case '0'...'9':
  41                 base = '0';
  42                 break;
  43         case 'A'...'F':
  44                 base = 'A' - 10;
  45                 break;
  46         case 'a'...'f':
  47                 base = 'a' - 10;
  48                 break;
  49         default:
  50                 base = 0;
  51         }
  52         return (a - base);
  53 }
  54
  55 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  56 {
  57         const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
  58         const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
  59
  60         return bsp1->perc < bsp2->perc;
  61 }
  62
  63 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_data *td, int ddir, char *str)
  64 {
  65         struct bssplit *bssplit;
  66         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
  67         unsigned int max_bs, min_bs;
  68         long long val;
  69         char *fname;
  70
  71         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] = 4;
  72         bssplit = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  73
  74         i = 0;
  75         max_bs = 0;
  76         min_bs = -1;
  77         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
  78                 char *perc_str;
  79
  80                 if (!strlen(fname))
  81                         break;
  82
  83                 /*
  84                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
  85                  */
  86                 if (i == td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]) {
  87                         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] <<= 1;
  88                         bssplit = realloc(bssplit, td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]
  89                                                   * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  90                 }
  91
  92                 perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
  93                 if (perc_str) {
  94                         *perc_str = '\0';
  95                         perc_str++;
  96                         perc = atoi(perc_str);
  97                         if (perc > 100)
  98                                 perc = 100;
  99                         else if (!perc)
 100                                 perc = -1;
 101                 } else
 102                         perc = -1;
 103
 104                 if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, td)) {
 105                         log_err("fio: bssplit conversion failed\n");
 106                         free(td->o.bssplit);
 107                         return 1;
 108                 }
 109
 110                 if (val > max_bs)
 111                         max_bs = val;
 112                 if (val < min_bs)
 113                         min_bs = val;
 114
 115                 bssplit[i].bs = val;
 116                 bssplit[i].perc = perc;
 117                 i++;
 118         }
 119
 120         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] = i;
 121
 122         /*
 123          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 124          */
 125         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 126         for (i = 0; i < td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 127                 struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 128
 129                 if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 130                         perc_missing++;
 131                 else
 132                         perc += bsp->perc;
 133         }
 134
 135         if (perc > 100) {
 136                 log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 137                 free(bssplit);
 138                 return 1;
 139         }
 140         /*
 141          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 142          * them.
 143          */
 144         if (perc_missing) {
 145                 for (i = 0; i < td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 146                         struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 147
 148                         if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 149                                 bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 150                 }
 151         }
 152
 153         td->o.min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
 154         td->o.max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
 155
 156         /*
 157          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 158          */
 159         qsort(bssplit, td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
 160         td->o.bssplit[ddir] = bssplit;
 161         return 0;
 162
 163 }
 164
 165 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 166 {
 167         struct thread_data *td = data;
 168         char *str, *p, *odir;
 169         int ret = 0;
 170
 171         p = str = strdup(input);
 172
 173         strip_blank_front(&str);
 174         strip_blank_end(str);
 175
 176         odir = strchr(str, ',');
 177         if (odir) {
 178                 ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1);
 179                 if (!ret) {
 180                         *odir = '\0';
 181                         ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_READ, str);
 182                 }
 183         } else {
 184                 char *op;
 185
 186                 op = strdup(str);
 187
 188                 ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_READ, str);
 189                 if (!ret)
 190                         ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_WRITE, op);
 191
 192                 free(op);
 193         }
 194
 195         free(p);
 196         return ret;
 197 }
 198
 199 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 200 {
 201         struct thread_data *td = data;
 202         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 203
 204         td->o.ddir_nr = 1;
 205         if (nr) {
 206                 td->o.ddir_nr = atoi(nr);
 207                 free(nr);
 208         }
 209
 210         return 0;
 211 }
 212
 213 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 214 {
 215         struct thread_data *td = data;
 216
 217         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAP) {
 218                 td->mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
 219                 if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE && !td->mmapfile) {
 220                         log_err("fio: mmaphuge:/path/to/file\n");
 221                         return 1;
 222                 }
 223         }
 224
 225         return 0;
 226 }
 227
 228 static int str_lockmem_cb(void fio_unused *data, unsigned long *val)
 229 {
 230         mlock_size = *val;
 231         return 0;
 232 }
 233
 234 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, unsigned int *val)
 235 {
 236         struct thread_data *td = data;
 237
 238         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
 239         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
 240         return 0;
 241 }
 242
 243 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, unsigned int *val)
 244 {
 245         struct thread_data *td = data;
 246
 247         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
 248         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
 249         return 0;
 250 }
 251
 252 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
 253 static int str_prioclass_cb(void *data, unsigned int *val)
 254 {
 255         struct thread_data *td = data;
 256         unsigned short mask;
 257
 258         /*
 259          * mask off old class bits, str_prio_cb() may have set a default class
 260          */
 261         mask = (1 << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT) - 1;
 262         td->ioprio &= mask;
 263
 264         td->ioprio |= *val << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT;
 265         td->ioprio_set = 1;
 266         return 0;
 267 }
 268
 269 static int str_prio_cb(void *data, unsigned int *val)
 270 {
 271         struct thread_data *td = data;
 272
 273         td->ioprio |= *val;
 274
 275         /*
 276          * If no class is set, assume BE
 277          */
 278         if ((td->ioprio >> IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT) == 0)
 279                 td->ioprio |= IOPRIO_CLASS_BE << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT;
 280
 281         td->ioprio_set = 1;
 282         return 0;
 283 }
 284 #endif
 285
 286 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
 287 {
 288         exitall_on_terminate = 1;
 289         return 0;
 290 }
 291
 292 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 293 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned int *val)
 294 {
 295         struct thread_data *td = data;
 296         unsigned int i;
 297         long max_cpu;
 298         int ret;
 299
 300         ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
 301         if (ret < 0) {
 302                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 303                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 304                 return 1;
 305         }
 306
 307         max_cpu = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
 308
 309         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
 310                 if ((1 << i) & *val) {
 311                         if (i > max_cpu) {
 312                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
 313                                                                 max_cpu);
 314                                 return 1;
 315                         }
 316                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
 317                         fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
 318                 }
 319         }
 320
 321         td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 322         return 0;
 323 }
 324
 325 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
 326                             const char *input)
 327 {
 328         char *cpu, *str, *p;
 329         long max_cpu;
 330         int ret = 0;
 331
 332         ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
 333         if (ret < 0) {
 334                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 335                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 336                 return 1;
 337         }
 338
 339         p = str = strdup(input);
 340
 341         strip_blank_front(&str);
 342         strip_blank_end(str);
 343
 344         max_cpu = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
 345
 346         while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
 347                 char *str2, *cpu2;
 348                 int icpu, icpu2;
 349
 350                 if (!strlen(cpu))
 351                         break;
 352
 353                 str2 = cpu;
 354                 icpu2 = -1;
 355                 while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
 356                         if (!strlen(cpu2))
 357                                 break;
 358
 359                         icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
 360                 }
 361
 362                 icpu = atoi(cpu);
 363                 if (icpu2 == -1)
 364                         icpu2 = icpu;
 365                 while (icpu <= icpu2) {
 366                         if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
 367                                 log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
 368                                         " %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
 369                                 ret = 1;
 370                                 break;
 371                         }
 372                         if (icpu > max_cpu) {
 373                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
 374                                                         icpu, max_cpu);
 375                                 ret = 1;
 376                                 break;
 377                         }
 378
 379                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
 380                         fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
 381                         icpu++;
 382                 }
 383                 if (ret)
 384                         break;
 385         }
 386
 387         free(p);
 388         if (!ret)
 389                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 390         return ret;
 391 }
 392
 393 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 394 {
 395         struct thread_data *td = data;
 396         int ret;
 397
 398         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
 399         if (!ret)
 400                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 401
 402         return ret;
 403 }
 404
 405 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 406 {
 407         struct thread_data *td = data;
 408         int ret;
 409
 410         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
 411         if (!ret)
 412                 td->o.verify_cpumask_set = 1;
 413
 414         return ret;
 415 }
 416 #endif
 417
 418 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 419 {
 420         struct thread_data *td = data;
 421         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 422
 423         td->file_service_nr = 1;
 424         if (nr) {
 425                 td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
 426                 free(nr);
 427         }
 428
 429         return 0;
 430 }
 431
 432 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
 433 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 434 {
 435         struct thread_data *td = data;
 436         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 437
 438         td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
 439         if (nr) {
 440                 td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
 441                 free(nr);
 442         }
 443
 444         return 0;
 445 }
 446 #endif
 447
 448 static int check_dir(struct thread_data *td, char *fname)
 449 {
 450         char file[PATH_MAX], *dir;
 451         int elen = 0;
 452
 453         if (td->o.directory) {
 454                 strcpy(file, td->o.directory);
 455                 strcat(file, "/");
 456                 elen = strlen(file);
 457         }
 458
 459         sprintf(file + elen, "%s", fname);
 460         dir = dirname(file);
 461
 462 #if 0
 463         {
 464         struct stat sb;
 465         /*
 466          * We can't do this on FIO_DISKLESSIO engines. The engine isn't loaded
 467          * yet, so we can't do this check right here...
 468          */
 469         if (lstat(dir, &sb) < 0) {
 470                 int ret = errno;
 471
 472                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dir);
 473                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 474                 return 1;
 475         }
 476
 477         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 478                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dir);
 479                 return 1;
 480         }
 481         }
 482 #endif
 483
 484         return 0;
 485 }
 486
 487 /*
 488  * Return next file in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
 489  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
 490  * indicate a new file.
 491  */
 492 static char *get_next_file_name(char **ptr)
 493 {
 494         char *str = *ptr;
 495         char *p, *start;
 496
 497         if (!str || !strlen(str))
 498                 return NULL;
 499
 500         start = str;
 501         do {
 502                 /*
 503                  * No colon, we are done
 504                  */
 505                 p = strchr(str, ':');
 506                 if (!p) {
 507                         *ptr = NULL;
 508                         break;
 509                 }
 510
 511                 /*
 512                  * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
 513                  * continue
 514                  */
 515                 if (p == start) {
 516                         str = ++start;
 517                         continue;
 518                 }
 519
 520                 if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
 521                         *p = '\0';
 522                         *ptr = p + 1;
 523                         break;
 524                 }
 525
 526                 memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
 527                 str = p;
 528         } while (1);
 529
 530         return start;
 531 }
 532
 533 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 534 {
 535         struct thread_data *td = data;
 536         char *fname, *str, *p;
 537
 538         p = str = strdup(input);
 539
 540         strip_blank_front(&str);
 541         strip_blank_end(str);
 542
 543         if (!td->files_index)
 544                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 545
 546         while ((fname = get_next_file_name(&str)) != NULL) {
 547                 if (!strlen(fname))
 548                         break;
 549                 if (check_dir(td, fname)) {
 550                         free(p);
 551                         return 1;
 552                 }
 553                 add_file(td, fname);
 554                 td->o.nr_files++;
 555         }
 556
 557         free(p);
 558         return 0;
 559 }
 560
 561 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 562 {
 563         struct thread_data *td = data;
 564         struct stat sb;
 565
 566         if (lstat(td->o.directory, &sb) < 0) {
 567                 int ret = errno;
 568
 569                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 570                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 571                 return 1;
 572         }
 573         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 574                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 575                 return 1;
 576         }
 577
 578         return 0;
 579 }
 580
 581 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 582 {
 583         struct thread_data *td = data;
 584
 585         if (!td->files_index)
 586                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 587
 588         return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
 589 }
 590
 591 static int str_verify_offset_cb(void *data, unsigned int *off)
 592 {
 593         struct thread_data *td = data;
 594
 595         if (*off && *off < sizeof(struct verify_header)) {
 596                 log_err("fio: verify_offset too small\n");
 597                 return 1;
 598         }
 599
 600         td->o.verify_offset = *off;
 601         return 0;
 602 }
 603
 604 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 605 {
 606         struct thread_data *td = data;
 607         long off;
 608         int i = 0, j = 0, len, k, base = 10;
 609         char* loc1, * loc2;
 610
 611         loc1 = strstr(input, "0x");
 612         loc2 = strstr(input, "0X");
 613         if (loc1 || loc2)
 614                 base = 16;
 615         off = strtol(input, NULL, base);
 616         if (off != LONG_MAX || errno != ERANGE) {
 617                 while (off) {
 618                         td->o.verify_pattern[i] = off & 0xff;
 619                         off >>= 8;
 620                         i++;
 621                 }
 622         } else {
 623                 len = strlen(input);
 624                 k = len - 1;
 625                 if (base == 16) {
 626                         if (loc1)
 627                                 j = loc1 - input + 2;
 628                         else
 629                                 j = loc2 - input + 2;
 630                 } else
 631                         return 1;
 632                 if (len - j < MAX_PATTERN_SIZE * 2) {
 633                         while (k >= j) {
 634                                 off = converthexchartoint(input[k--]);
 635                                 if (k >= j)
 636                                         off += (converthexchartoint(input[k--])
 637                                                 * 16);
 638                                 td->o.verify_pattern[i++] = (char) off;
 639                         }
 640                 }
 641         }
 642         td->o.verify_pattern_bytes = i;
 643         return 0;
 644 }
 645
 646 static int str_lockfile_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 647 {
 648         struct thread_data *td = data;
 649         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 650
 651         td->o.lockfile_batch = 1;
 652         if (nr) {
 653                 td->o.lockfile_batch = atoi(nr);
 654                 free(nr);
 655         }
 656
 657         return 0;
 658 }
 659
 660 static int str_write_bw_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 661 {
 662         struct thread_data *td = data;
 663
 664         if (str)
 665                 td->o.bw_log_file = strdup(str);
 666
 667         td->o.write_bw_log = 1;
 668         return 0;
 669 }
 670
 671 static int str_write_lat_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 672 {
 673         struct thread_data *td = data;
 674
 675         if (str)
 676                 td->o.lat_log_file = strdup(str);
 677
 678         td->o.write_lat_log = 1;
 679         return 0;
 680 }
 681
 682 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
 683 {
 684         struct thread_data *td = data;
 685         int val = *il;
 686
 687         td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
 688         td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
 689         td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
 690         if (val)
 691                 td->tv_cache_mask = 63;
 692
 693         return 0;
 694 }
 695
 696 static int str_gtod_cpu_cb(void *data, int *il)
 697 {
 698         struct thread_data *td = data;
 699         int val = *il;
 700
 701         td->o.gtod_cpu = val;
 702         td->o.gtod_offload = 1;
 703         return 0;
 704 }
 705
 706 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 707 {
 708         struct thread_data *td = data;
 709
 710         if (read_only && td_write(td)) {
 711                 log_err("fio: job <%s> has write bit set, but fio is in"
 712                         " read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
 713                 return 1;
 714         }
 715
 716         return 0;
 717 }
 718
 719 static int gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 720 {
 721 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 722         struct thread_data *td = data;
 723
 724         if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
 725                 log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
 726                         "gettimeofday() offloading\n");
 727                 return 1;
 728         }
 729 #endif
 730
 731         return 0;
 732 }
 733
 734 static int kb_base_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 735 {
 736         struct thread_data *td = data;
 737
 738         if (td->o.kb_base != 1024 && td->o.kb_base != 1000) {
 739                 log_err("fio: kb_base set to nonsensical value: %u\n",
 740                                 td->o.kb_base);
 741                 return 1;
 742         }
 743
 744         return 0;
 745 }
 746
 747 #define __stringify_1(x)        #x
 748 #define __stringify(x)          __stringify_1(x)
 749
 750 /*
 751  * Map of job/command line options
 752  */
 753 static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
 754         {
 755                 .name   = "description",
 756                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 757                 .off1   = td_var_offset(description),
 758                 .help   = "Text job description",
 759         },
 760         {
 761                 .name   = "name",
 762                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 763                 .off1   = td_var_offset(name),
 764                 .help   = "Name of this job",
 765         },
 766         {
 767                 .name   = "directory",
 768                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 769                 .off1   = td_var_offset(directory),
 770                 .cb     = str_directory_cb,
 771                 .help   = "Directory to store files in",
 772         },
 773         {
 774                 .name   = "filename",
 775                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 776                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename),
 777                 .cb     = str_filename_cb,
 778                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
 779                 .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
 780         },
 781         {
 782                 .name   = "kb_base",
 783                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 784                 .off1   = td_var_offset(kb_base),
 785                 .verify = kb_base_verify,
 786                 .prio   = 1,
 787                 .def    = "1024",
 788                 .help   = "How many bytes per KB for reporting (1000 or 1024)",
 789         },
 790         {
 791                 .name   = "lockfile",
 792                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
 793                 .cb     = str_lockfile_cb,
 794                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_lock_mode),
 795                 .help   = "Lock file when doing IO to it",
 796                 .parent = "filename",
 797                 .def    = "none",
 798                 .posval = {
 799                           { .ival = "none",
 800                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
 801                             .help = "No file locking",
 802                           },
 803                           { .ival = "exclusive",
 804                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
 805                             .help = "Exclusive file lock",
 806                           },
 807                           {
 808                             .ival = "readwrite",
 809                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
 810                             .help = "Read vs write lock",
 811                           },
 812                 },
 813         },
 814         {
 815                 .name   = "opendir",
 816                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 817                 .off1   = td_var_offset(opendir),
 818                 .cb     = str_opendir_cb,
 819                 .help   = "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
 820         },
 821         {
 822                 .name   = "rw",
 823                 .alias  = "readwrite",
 824                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
 825                 .cb     = str_rw_cb,
 826                 .off1   = td_var_offset(td_ddir),
 827                 .help   = "IO direction",
 828                 .def    = "read",
 829                 .verify = rw_verify,
 830                 .posval = {
 831                           { .ival = "read",
 832                             .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
 833                             .help = "Sequential read",
 834                           },
 835                           { .ival = "write",
 836                             .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
 837                             .help = "Sequential write",
 838                           },
 839                           { .ival = "randread",
 840                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
 841                             .help = "Random read",
 842                           },
 843                           { .ival = "randwrite",
 844                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
 845                             .help = "Random write",
 846                           },
 847                           { .ival = "rw",
 848                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
 849                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
 850                           },
 851                           { .ival = "randrw",
 852                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
 853                             .help = "Random read and write mix"
 854                           },
 855                 },
 856         },
 857         {
 858                 .name   = "ioengine",
 859                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 860                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioengine),
 861                 .help   = "IO engine to use",
 862                 .def    = "sync",
 863                 .posval = {
 864                           { .ival = "sync",
 865                             .help = "Use read/write",
 866                           },
 867                           { .ival = "psync",
 868                             .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
 869                           },
 870                           { .ival = "vsync",
 871                              .help = "Use readv/writev",
 872                           },
 873 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_LIBAIO
 874                           { .ival = "libaio",
 875                             .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
 876                           },
 877 #endif
 878 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_POSIXAIO
 879                           { .ival = "posixaio",
 880                             .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
 881                           },
 882 #endif
 883 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SOLARISAIO
 884                           { .ival = "solarisaio",
 885                             .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
 886                           },
 887 #endif
 888                           { .ival = "mmap",
 889                             .help = "Memory mapped IO",
 890                           },
 891 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SPLICE
 892                           { .ival = "splice",
 893                             .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
 894                           },
 895                           { .ival = "netsplice",
 896                             .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
 897                           },
 898 #endif
 899 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
 900                           { .ival = "sg",
 901                             .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
 902                           },
 903 #endif
 904                           { .ival = "null",
 905                             .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
 906                           },
 907                           { .ival = "net",
 908                             .help = "Network IO",
 909                           },
 910 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYSLET
 911                           { .ival = "syslet-rw",
 912                             .help = "syslet enabled async pread/pwrite IO",
 913                           },
 914 #endif
 915                           { .ival = "cpuio",
 916                             .help = "CPU cycler burner engine",
 917                           },
 918 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_GUASI
 919                           { .ival = "guasi",
 920                             .help = "GUASI IO engine",
 921                           },
 922 #endif
 923                           { .ival = "external",
 924                             .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
 925                           },
 926                 },
 927         },
 928         {
 929                 .name   = "iodepth",
 930                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 931                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth),
 932                 .help   = "Amount of IO buffers to keep in flight",
 933                 .minval = 1,
 934                 .def    = "1",
 935         },
 936         {
 937                 .name   = "iodepth_batch",
 938                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_submit",
 939                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 940                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch),
 941                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
 942                 .parent = "iodepth",
 943                 .minval = 1,
 944                 .def    = "1",
 945         },
 946         {
 947                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete",
 948                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 949                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch_complete),
 950                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
 951                 .parent = "iodepth",
 952                 .minval = 0,
 953                 .def    = "1",
 954         },
 955         {
 956                 .name   = "iodepth_low",
 957                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 958                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_low),
 959                 .help   = "Low water mark for queuing depth",
 960                 .parent = "iodepth",
 961         },
 962         {
 963                 .name   = "size",
 964                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
 965                 .off1   = td_var_offset(size),
 966                 .minval = 1,
 967                 .help   = "Total size of device or files",
 968         },
 969         {
 970                 .name   = "fill_device",
 971                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
 972                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fill_device),
 973                 .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
 974                 .def    = "0",
 975         },
 976         {
 977                 .name   = "filesize",
 978                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
 979                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_size_low),
 980                 .off2   = td_var_offset(file_size_high),
 981                 .minval = 1,
 982                 .help   = "Size of individual files",
 983         },
 984         {
 985                 .name   = "offset",
 986                 .alias  = "fileoffset",
 987                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
 988                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_offset),
 989                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset",
 990                 .def    = "0",
 991         },
 992         {
 993                 .name   = "bs",
 994                 .alias  = "blocksize",
 995                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 996                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_READ]),
 997                 .off2   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
 998                 .minval = 1,
 999                 .help   = "Block size unit",
1000                 .def    = "4k",
1001                 .parent = "rw",
1002         },
1003         {
1004                 .name   = "ba",
1005                 .alias  = "blockalign",
1006                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1007                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_READ]),
1008                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
1009                 .minval = 1,
1010                 .help   = "IO block offset alignment",
1011                 .parent = "rw",
1012         },
1013         {
1014                 .name   = "bsrange",
1015                 .alias  = "blocksize_range",
1016                 .type   = FIO_OPT_RANGE,
1017                 .off1   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1018                 .off2   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1019                 .off3   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1020                 .off4   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1021                 .minval = 1,
1022                 .help   = "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
1023                 .parent = "rw",
1024         },
1025         {
1026                 .name   = "bssplit",
1027                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1028                 .cb     = str_bssplit_cb,
1029                 .help   = "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
1030                 .parent = "rw",
1031         },
1032         {
1033                 .name   = "bs_unaligned",
1034                 .alias  = "blocksize_unaligned",
1035                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1036                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_unaligned),
1037                 .help   = "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
1038                 .parent = "rw",
1039         },
1040         {
1041                 .name   = "randrepeat",
1042                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1043                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rand_repeatable),
1044                 .help   = "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
1045                 .def    = "1",
1046                 .parent = "rw",
1047         },
1048         {
1049                 .name   = "norandommap",
1050                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1051                 .off1   = td_var_offset(norandommap),
1052                 .help   = "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
1053                 .parent = "rw",
1054         },
1055         {
1056                 .name   = "softrandommap",
1057                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1058                 .off1   = td_var_offset(softrandommap),
1059                 .help   = "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
1060                 .parent = "norandommap",
1061                 .def    = "0",
1062         },
1063         {
1064                 .name   = "nrfiles",
1065                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1066                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nr_files),
1067                 .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
1068                 .def    = "1",
1069         },
1070         {
1071                 .name   = "openfiles",
1072                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1073                 .off1   = td_var_offset(open_files),
1074                 .help   = "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
1075         },
1076         {
1077                 .name   = "file_service_type",
1078                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1079                 .cb     = str_fst_cb,
1080                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_service_type),
1081                 .help   = "How to select which file to service next",
1082                 .def    = "roundrobin",
1083                 .posval = {
1084                           { .ival = "random",
1085                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
1086                             .help = "Choose a file at random",
1087                           },
1088                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
1089                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
1090                             .help = "Round robin select files",
1091                           },
1092                           { .ival = "sequential",
1093                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
1094                             .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
1095                           },
1096                 },
1097                 .parent = "nrfiles",
1098         },
1099 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_FALLOCATE
1100         {
1101                 .name   = "fallocate",
1102                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1103                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fallocate),
1104                 .help   = "Use fallocate() when laying out files",
1105                 .def    = "1",
1106         },
1107 #endif
1108         {
1109                 .name   = "fadvise_hint",
1110                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1111                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fadvise_hint),
1112                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
1113                 .def    = "1",
1114         },
1115         {
1116                 .name   = "fsync",
1117                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1118                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_blocks),
1119                 .help   = "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
1120                 .def    = "0",
1121         },
1122         {
1123                 .name   = "fdatasync",
1124                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1125                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fdatasync_blocks),
1126                 .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
1127                 .def    = "0",
1128         },
1129 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
1130         {
1131                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
1132                 .posval = {
1133                           { .ival = "wait_before",
1134                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
1135                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
1136                             .or   = 1,
1137                           },
1138                           { .ival = "write",
1139                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
1140                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
1141                             .or   = 1,
1142                           },
1143                           {
1144                             .ival = "wait_after",
1145                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
1146                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
1147                             .or   = 1,
1148                           },
1149                 },
1150                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_MULTI,
1151                 .cb     = str_sfr_cb,
1152                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_file_range),
1153                 .help   = "Use sync_file_range()",
1154         },
1155 #endif
1156         {
1157                 .name   = "direct",
1158                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1159                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1160                 .help   = "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
1161                 .def    = "0",
1162         },
1163         {
1164                 .name   = "buffered",
1165                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1166                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1167                 .neg    = 1,
1168                 .help   = "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
1169                 .def    = "1",
1170         },
1171         {
1172                 .name   = "overwrite",
1173                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1174                 .off1   = td_var_offset(overwrite),
1175                 .help   = "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
1176                 .def    = "0",
1177         },
1178         {
1179                 .name   = "loops",
1180                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1181                 .off1   = td_var_offset(loops),
1182                 .help   = "Number of times to run the job",
1183                 .def    = "1",
1184         },
1185         {
1186                 .name   = "numjobs",
1187                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1188                 .off1   = td_var_offset(numjobs),
1189                 .help   = "Duplicate this job this many times",
1190                 .def    = "1",
1191         },
1192         {
1193                 .name   = "startdelay",
1194                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1195                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_delay),
1196                 .help   = "Only start job when this period has passed",
1197                 .def    = "0",
1198         },
1199         {
1200                 .name   = "runtime",
1201                 .alias  = "timeout",
1202                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1203                 .off1   = td_var_offset(timeout),
1204                 .help   = "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
1205                 .def    = "0",
1206         },
1207         {
1208                 .name   = "time_based",
1209                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1210                 .off1   = td_var_offset(time_based),
1211                 .help   = "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
1212         },
1213         {
1214                 .name   = "ramp_time",
1215                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1216                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ramp_time),
1217                 .help   = "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
1218         },
1219         {
1220                 .name   = "mem",
1221                 .alias  = "iomem",
1222                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1223                 .cb     = str_mem_cb,
1224                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_type),
1225                 .help   = "Backing type for IO buffers",
1226                 .def    = "malloc",
1227                 .posval = {
1228                           { .ival = "malloc",
1229                             .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
1230                             .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
1231                           },
1232                           { .ival = "shm",
1233                             .oval = MEM_SHM,
1234                             .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
1235                           },
1236 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
1237                           { .ival = "shmhuge",
1238                             .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
1239                             .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
1240                           },
1241 #endif
1242                           { .ival = "mmap",
1243                             .oval = MEM_MMAP,
1244                             .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
1245                           },
1246 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
1247                           { .ival = "mmaphuge",
1248                             .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
1249                             .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
1250                           },
1251 #endif
1252                   },
1253         },
1254         {
1255                 .name   = "iomem_align",
1256                 .alias  = "mem_align",
1257                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1258                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_align),
1259                 .minval = 0,
1260                 .help   = "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
1261                 .def    = "0",
1262                 .parent = "iomem",
1263         },
1264         {
1265                 .name   = "verify",
1266                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1267                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify),
1268                 .help   = "Verify data written",
1269                 .def    = "0",
1270                 .posval = {
1271                           { .ival = "0",
1272                             .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
1273                             .help = "Don't do IO verification",
1274                           },
1275                           { .ival = "md5",
1276                             .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
1277                             .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
1278                           },
1279                           { .ival = "crc64",
1280                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
1281                             .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
1282                           },
1283                           { .ival = "crc32",
1284                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
1285                             .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
1286                           },
1287                           { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
1288                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C_INTEL,
1289                             .help = "Use hw crc32c checksums for verification",
1290                           },
1291                           { .ival = "crc32c",
1292                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
1293                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification",
1294                           },
1295                           { .ival = "crc16",
1296                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
1297                             .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
1298                           },
1299                           { .ival = "crc7",
1300                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
1301                             .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
1302                           },
1303                           { .ival = "sha1",
1304                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
1305                             .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
1306                           },
1307                           { .ival = "sha256",
1308                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
1309                             .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
1310                           },
1311                           { .ival = "sha512",
1312                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
1313                             .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
1314                           },
1315                           { .ival = "meta",
1316                             .oval = VERIFY_META,
1317                             .help = "Use io information",
1318                           },
1319                           {
1320                             .ival = "null",
1321                             .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
1322                             .help = "Pretend to verify",
1323                           },
1324                 },
1325         },
1326         {
1327                 .name   = "do_verify",
1328                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1329                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_verify),
1330                 .help   = "Run verification stage after write",
1331                 .def    = "1",
1332                 .parent = "verify",
1333         },
1334         {
1335                 .name   = "verifysort",
1336                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1337                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort),
1338                 .help   = "Sort written verify blocks for read back",
1339                 .def    = "1",
1340                 .parent = "verify",
1341         },
1342         {
1343                 .name   = "verify_interval",
1344                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1345                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_interval),
1346                 .minval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
1347                 .help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
1348                 .parent = "verify",
1349         },
1350         {
1351                 .name   = "verify_offset",
1352                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1353                 .help   = "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
1354                 .def    = "0",
1355                 .cb     = str_verify_offset_cb,
1356                 .parent = "verify",
1357         },
1358         {
1359                 .name   = "verify_pattern",
1360                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1361                 .cb     = str_verify_pattern_cb,
1362                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
1363                 .parent = "verify",
1364         },
1365         {
1366                 .name   = "verify_fatal",
1367                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1368                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_fatal),
1369                 .def    = "0",
1370                 .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
1371                 .parent = "verify",
1372         },
1373         {
1374                 .name   = "verify_async",
1375                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1376                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_async),
1377                 .def    = "0",
1378                 .help   = "Number of async verifier threads to use",
1379                 .parent = "verify",
1380         },
1381 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1382         {
1383                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
1384                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1385                 .cb     = str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
1386                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
1387                 .parent = "verify_async",
1388         },
1389 #endif
1390         {
1391                 .name   = "write_iolog",
1392                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1393                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_iolog_file),
1394                 .help   = "Store IO pattern to file",
1395         },
1396         {
1397                 .name   = "read_iolog",
1398                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1399                 .off1   = td_var_offset(read_iolog_file),
1400                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern from file",
1401         },
1402         {
1403                 .name   = "exec_prerun",
1404                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1405                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_prerun),
1406                 .help   = "Execute this file prior to running job",
1407         },
1408         {
1409                 .name   = "exec_postrun",
1410                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1411                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_postrun),
1412                 .help   = "Execute this file after running job",
1413         },
1414 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
1415         {
1416                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
1417                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1418                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioscheduler),
1419                 .help   = "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
1420         },
1421 #endif
1422         {
1423                 .name   = "zonesize",
1424                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1425                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_size),
1426                 .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
1427                 .def    = "0",
1428         },
1429         {
1430                 .name   = "zoneskip",
1431                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1432                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_skip),
1433                 .help   = "Space between IO zones",
1434                 .def    = "0",
1435         },
1436         {
1437                 .name   = "lockmem",
1438                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1439                 .cb     = str_lockmem_cb,
1440                 .help   = "Lock down this amount of memory",
1441                 .def    = "0",
1442         },
1443         {
1444                 .name   = "rwmixread",
1445                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1446                 .cb     = str_rwmix_read_cb,
1447                 .maxval = 100,
1448                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
1449                 .def    = "50",
1450         },
1451         {
1452                 .name   = "rwmixwrite",
1453                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1454                 .cb     = str_rwmix_write_cb,
1455                 .maxval = 100,
1456                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
1457                 .def    = "50",
1458         },
1459         {
1460                 .name   = "rwmixcycle",
1461                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
1462         },
1463         {
1464                 .name   = "nice",
1465                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1466                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nice),
1467                 .help   = "Set job CPU nice value",
1468                 .minval = -19,
1469                 .maxval = 20,
1470                 .def    = "0",
1471         },
1472 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
1473         {
1474                 .name   = "prio",
1475                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1476                 .cb     = str_prio_cb,
1477                 .help   = "Set job IO priority value",
1478                 .minval = 0,
1479                 .maxval = 7,
1480         },
1481         {
1482                 .name   = "prioclass",
1483                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1484                 .cb     = str_prioclass_cb,
1485                 .help   = "Set job IO priority class",
1486                 .minval = 0,
1487                 .maxval = 3,
1488         },
1489 #endif
1490         {
1491                 .name   = "thinktime",
1492                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1493                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime),
1494                 .help   = "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
1495                 .def    = "0",
1496         },
1497         {
1498                 .name   = "thinktime_spin",
1499                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1500                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_spin),
1501                 .help   = "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
1502                 .def    = "0",
1503                 .parent = "thinktime",
1504         },
1505         {
1506                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks",
1507                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1508                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_blocks),
1509                 .help   = "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
1510                 .def    = "1",
1511                 .parent = "thinktime",
1512         },
1513         {
1514                 .name   = "rate",
1515                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1516                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate[0]),
1517                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate[1]),
1518                 .help   = "Set bandwidth rate",
1519         },
1520         {
1521                 .name   = "ratemin",
1522                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1523                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratemin[0]),
1524                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ratemin[1]),
1525                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
1526                 .parent = "rate",
1527         },
1528         {
1529                 .name   = "rate_iops",
1530                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1531                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[0]),
1532                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[1]),
1533                 .help   = "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
1534         },
1535         {
1536                 .name   = "rate_iops_min",
1537                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1538                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[0]),
1539                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[1]),
1540                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
1541                 .parent = "rate_iops",
1542         },
1543         {
1544                 .name   = "ratecycle",
1545                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1546                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratecycle),
1547                 .help   = "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
1548                 .def    = "1000",
1549                 .parent = "rate",
1550         },
1551         {
1552                 .name   = "invalidate",
1553                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1554                 .off1   = td_var_offset(invalidate_cache),
1555                 .help   = "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
1556                 .def    = "1",
1557         },
1558         {
1559                 .name   = "sync",
1560                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1561                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_io),
1562                 .help   = "Use O_SYNC for buffered writes",
1563                 .def    = "0",
1564                 .parent = "buffered",
1565         },
1566         {
1567                 .name   = "bwavgtime",
1568                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1569                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_avg_time),
1570                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
1571                           " (msec)",
1572                 .def    = "500",
1573         },
1574         {
1575                 .name   = "create_serialize",
1576                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1577                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_serialize),
1578                 .help   = "Serialize creating of job files",
1579                 .def    = "1",
1580         },
1581         {
1582                 .name   = "create_fsync",
1583                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1584                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_fsync),
1585                 .help   = "Fsync file after creation",
1586                 .def    = "1",
1587         },
1588         {
1589                 .name   = "create_on_open",
1590                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1591                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_on_open),
1592                 .help   = "Create files when they are opened for IO",
1593                 .def    = "0",
1594         },
1595         {
1596                 .name   = "pre_read",
1597                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1598                 .off1   = td_var_offset(pre_read),
1599                 .help   = "Preread files before starting official testing",
1600                 .def    = "0",
1601         },
1602         {
1603                 .name   = "cpuload",
1604                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1605                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cpuload),
1606                 .help   = "Use this percentage of CPU",
1607         },
1608         {
1609                 .name   = "cpuchunks",
1610                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1611                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cpucycle),
1612                 .help   = "Length of the CPU burn cycles (usecs)",
1613                 .def    = "50000",
1614                 .parent = "cpuload",
1615         },
1616 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1617         {
1618                 .name   = "cpumask",
1619                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1620                 .cb     = str_cpumask_cb,
1621                 .help   = "CPU affinity mask",
1622         },
1623         {
1624                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
1625                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1626                 .cb     = str_cpus_allowed_cb,
1627                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed",
1628         },
1629 #endif
1630         {
1631                 .name   = "end_fsync",
1632                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1633                 .off1   = td_var_offset(end_fsync),
1634                 .help   = "Include fsync at the end of job",
1635                 .def    = "0",
1636         },
1637         {
1638                 .name   = "fsync_on_close",
1639                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1640                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_on_close),
1641                 .help   = "fsync files on close",
1642                 .def    = "0",
1643         },
1644         {
1645                 .name   = "unlink",
1646                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1647                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unlink),
1648                 .help   = "Unlink created files after job has completed",
1649                 .def    = "0",
1650         },
1651         {
1652                 .name   = "exitall",
1653                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1654                 .cb     = str_exitall_cb,
1655                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
1656         },
1657         {
1658                 .name   = "stonewall",
1659                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1660                 .off1   = td_var_offset(stonewall),
1661                 .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
1662         },
1663         {
1664                 .name   = "new_group",
1665                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1666                 .off1   = td_var_offset(new_group),
1667                 .help   = "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
1668         },
1669         {
1670                 .name   = "thread",
1671                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1672                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_thread),
1673                 .help   = "Use threads instead of forks",
1674         },
1675         {
1676                 .name   = "write_bw_log",
1677                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1678                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_bw_log),
1679                 .cb     = str_write_bw_log_cb,
1680                 .help   = "Write log of bandwidth during run",
1681         },
1682         {
1683                 .name   = "write_lat_log",
1684                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1685                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_lat_log),
1686                 .cb     = str_write_lat_log_cb,
1687                 .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
1688         },
1689         {
1690                 .name   = "hugepage-size",
1691                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1692                 .off1   = td_var_offset(hugepage_size),
1693                 .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
1694                 .def    = __stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
1695         },
1696         {
1697                 .name   = "group_reporting",
1698                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1699                 .off1   = td_var_offset(group_reporting),
1700                 .help   = "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
1701         },
1702         {
1703                 .name   = "zero_buffers",
1704                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1705                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zero_buffers),
1706                 .help   = "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
1707         },
1708         {
1709                 .name   = "refill_buffers",
1710                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1711                 .off1   = td_var_offset(refill_buffers),
1712                 .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
1713         },
1714 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
1715         {
1716                 .name   = "disk_util",
1717                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1718                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_disk_util),
1719                 .help   = "Log disk utilization statistics",
1720                 .def    = "1",
1721         },
1722 #endif
1723         {
1724                 .name   = "gtod_reduce",
1725                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1726                 .help   = "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
1727                 .cb     = str_gtod_reduce_cb,
1728                 .def    = "0",
1729         },
1730         {
1731                 .name   = "disable_clat",
1732                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1733                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_clat),
1734                 .help   = "Disable completion latency numbers",
1735                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
1736                 .def    = "0",
1737         },
1738         {
1739                 .name   = "disable_slat",
1740                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1741                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_slat),
1742                 .help   = "Disable submissionn latency numbers",
1743                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
1744                 .def    = "0",
1745         },
1746         {
1747                 .name   = "disable_bw_measurement",
1748                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1749                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_bw),
1750                 .help   = "Disable bandwidth logging",
1751                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
1752                 .def    = "0",
1753         },
1754         {
1755                 .name   = "gtod_cpu",
1756                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1757                 .cb     = str_gtod_cpu_cb,
1758                 .help   = "Setup dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
1759                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
1760         },
1761         {
1762                 .name   = "continue_on_error",
1763                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1764                 .off1   = td_var_offset(continue_on_error),
1765                 .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during I/O",
1766                 .def    = "0",
1767         },
1768         {
1769                 .name   = "profile",
1770                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1771                 .off1   = td_var_offset(profile),
1772                 .help   = "Select a specific builtin performance test",
1773         },
1774         {
1775                 .name   = "cgroup",
1776                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1777                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup),
1778                 .help   = "Add job to cgroup of this name",
1779         },
1780         {
1781                 .name   = "cgroup_weight",
1782                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1783                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_weight),
1784                 .help   = "Use given weight for cgroup",
1785                 .minval = 100,
1786                 .maxval = 1000,
1787         },
1788         {
1789                 .name   = "uid",
1790                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1791                 .off1   = td_var_offset(uid),
1792                 .help   = "Run job with this user ID",
1793         },
1794         {
1795                 .name   = "gid",
1796                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1797                 .off1   = td_var_offset(gid),
1798                 .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
1799         },
1800         {
1801                 .name = NULL,
1802         },
1803 };
1804
1805 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o)
1806 {
1807         lopt->name = (char *) o->name;
1808         lopt->val = FIO_GETOPT_JOB;
1809         if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
1810                 lopt->has_arg = no_argument;
1811         else
1812                 lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
1813 }
1814
1815 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
1816 {
1817         struct fio_option *o;
1818         unsigned int i;
1819
1820         options_init(options);
1821
1822         i = 0;
1823         while (long_options[i].name)
1824                 i++;
1825
1826         o = &options[0];
1827         while (o->name) {
1828                 add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o);
1829
1830                 i++;
1831                 o++;
1832                 assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
1833         }
1834 }
1835
1836 struct fio_keyword {
1837         const char *word;
1838         const char *desc;
1839         char *replace;
1840 };
1841
1842 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
1843         {
1844                 .word   = "$pagesize",
1845                 .desc   = "Page size in the system",
1846         },
1847         {
1848                 .word   = "$mb_memory",
1849                 .desc   = "Megabytes of memory online",
1850         },
1851         {
1852                 .word   = "$ncpus",
1853                 .desc   = "Number of CPUs online in the system",
1854         },
1855         {
1856                 .word   = NULL,
1857         },
1858 };
1859
1860 void fio_keywords_init(void)
1861 {
1862         unsigned long long mb_memory;
1863         char buf[128];
1864         long l;
1865
1866         sprintf(buf, "%lu", page_size);
1867         fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
1868
1869         mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / page_size;
1870         sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
1871         fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
1872
1873         l = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
1874         sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
1875         fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
1876 }
1877
1878 #define BC_APP          "bc"
1879
1880 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
1881 {
1882         char *buf, *tmp, opt[80];
1883         FILE *f;
1884         int ret;
1885
1886         /*
1887          * No math, just return string
1888          */
1889         if (!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
1890             !strchr(str, '/'))
1891                 return str;
1892
1893         /*
1894          * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
1895          */
1896         tmp = strchr(str, '=');
1897         if (!tmp)
1898                 return str;
1899
1900         tmp++;
1901         memset(opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
1902         strncpy(opt, str, tmp - str);
1903
1904         buf = malloc(128);
1905
1906         sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
1907         if (system(buf)) {
1908                 log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
1909                 free(buf);
1910                 return NULL;
1911         }
1912
1913         sprintf(buf, "echo %s | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
1914         f = popen(buf, "r");
1915         if (!f) {
1916                 free(buf);
1917                 return NULL;
1918         }
1919
1920         ret = fread(buf, 1, 128, f);
1921         if (ret <= 0) {
1922                 free(buf);
1923                 return NULL;
1924         }
1925
1926         buf[ret - 1] = '\0';
1927         strcat(opt, buf);
1928         strcpy(buf, opt);
1929         pclose(f);
1930         free(str);
1931         return buf;
1932 }
1933
1934 /*
1935  * Look for reserved variable names and replace them with real values
1936  */
1937 static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
1938 {
1939         char *s;
1940         int i;
1941
1942         for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
1943                 struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
1944
1945                 while ((s = strstr(opt, kw->word)) != NULL) {
1946                         char *new = malloc(strlen(opt) + 1);
1947                         char *o_org = opt;
1948                         int olen = s - opt;
1949                         int len;
1950
1951                         /*
1952                          * Copy part of the string before the keyword and
1953                          * sprintf() the replacement after it.
1954                          */
1955                         memcpy(new, opt, olen);
1956                         len = sprintf(new + olen, "%s", kw->replace);
1957
1958                         /*
1959                          * If there's more in the original string, copy that
1960                          * in too
1961                          */
1962                         opt += strlen(kw->word) + olen;
1963                         if (strlen(opt))
1964                                 memcpy(new + olen + len, opt, opt - o_org - 1);
1965
1966                         /*
1967                          * replace opt and free the old opt
1968                          */
1969                         opt = new;
1970                         //free(o_org);
1971
1972                         /*
1973                          * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
1974                          */
1975                         opt = bc_calc(opt);
1976                 }
1977         }
1978
1979         return opt;
1980 }
1981
1982 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts)
1983 {
1984         int i, ret;
1985
1986         sort_options(opts, options, num_opts);
1987
1988         for (ret = 0, i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
1989                 opts[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts[i]);
1990                 ret |= parse_option(opts[i], options, td);
1991         }
1992
1993         return ret;
1994 }
1995
1996 int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
1997 {
1998         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, options, td);
1999 }
2000
2001 void fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data *td)
2002 {
2003         fill_default_options(td, options);
2004 }
2005
2006 int fio_show_option_help(const char *opt)
2007 {
2008         return show_cmd_help(options, opt);
2009 }
2010
2011 static void __options_mem(struct thread_data *td, int alloc)
2012 {
2013         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
2014         struct fio_option *opt;
2015         char **ptr;
2016         int i;
2017
2018         for (i = 0, opt = &options[0]; opt->name; i++, opt = &options[i]) {
2019                 if (opt->type != FIO_OPT_STR_STORE)
2020                         continue;
2021
2022                 ptr = (void *) o + opt->off1;
2023                 if (*ptr) {
2024                         if (alloc)
2025                                 *ptr = strdup(*ptr);
2026                         else {
2027                                 free(*ptr);
2028                                 *ptr = NULL;
2029                         }
2030                 }
2031         }
2032 }
2033
2034 /*
2035  * dupe FIO_OPT_STR_STORE options
2036  */
2037 void options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
2038 {
2039         __options_mem(td, 1);
2040 }
2041
2042 void options_mem_free(struct thread_data fio_unused *td)
2043 {
2044 #if 0
2045         __options_mem(td, 0);
2046 #endif
2047 }
2048
2049 unsigned int fio_get_kb_base(void *data)
2050 {
2051         struct thread_data *td = data;
2052         unsigned int kb_base = 0;
2053
2054         if (td)
2055                 kb_base = td->o.kb_base;
2056         if (!kb_base)
2057                 kb_base = 1024;
2058
2059         return kb_base;
2060 }
2061
2062 int add_option(struct fio_option *o)
2063 {
2064         struct fio_option *__o;
2065         int opt_index = 0;
2066
2067         __o = options;
2068         while (__o->name) {
2069                 opt_index++;
2070                 __o++;
2071         }
2072
2073         memcpy(&options[opt_index], o, sizeof(*o));
2074         return 0;
2075 }
2076
2077 void invalidate_profile_options(const char *prof_name)
2078 {
2079         struct fio_option *o;
2080
2081         o = options;
2082         while (o->name) {
2083                 if (o->prof_name && !strcmp(o->prof_name, prof_name)) {
2084                         o->type = FIO_OPT_INVALID;
2085                         o->prof_name = NULL;
2086                 }
2087                 o++;
2088         }
2089 }
2090
2091 void add_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival, const char *help)
2092 {
2093         struct fio_option *o;
2094         unsigned int i;
2095
2096         o = find_option(options, optname);
2097         if (!o)
2098                 return;
2099
2100         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
2101                 if (o->posval[i].ival)
2102                         continue;
2103
2104                 o->posval[i].ival = ival;
2105                 o->posval[i].help = help;
2106                 break;
2107         }
2108 }
2109
2110 void del_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival)
2111 {
2112         struct fio_option *o;
2113         unsigned int i;
2114
2115         o = find_option(options, optname);
2116         if (!o)
2117                 return;
2118
2119         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
2120                 if (!o->posval[i].ival)
2121                         continue;
2122                 if (strcmp(o->posval[i].ival, ival))
2123                         continue;
2124
2125                 o->posval[i].ival = NULL;
2126                 o->posval[i].help = NULL;
2127         }
2128 }