options.c

   1 #include <stdio.h>
   2 #include <stdlib.h>
   3 #include <unistd.h>
   4 #include <ctype.h>
   5 #include <string.h>
   6 #include <assert.h>
   7 #include <libgen.h>
   8 #include <fcntl.h>
   9 #include <sys/types.h>
  10 #include <sys/stat.h>
  11
  12 #include "fio.h"
  13 #include "verify.h"
  14 #include "parse.h"
  15 #include "lib/fls.h"
  16 #include "options.h"
  17
  18 #include "crc/crc32c.h"
  19
  20 /*
  21  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
  22  */
  23 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
  24 {
  25         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
  26
  27         if (!p)
  28                 return NULL;
  29
  30         p++;
  31         strip_blank_front(&p);
  32         strip_blank_end(p);
  33         return strdup(p);
  34 }
  35
  36 static int converthexchartoint(char a)
  37 {
  38         int base;
  39
  40         switch (a) {
  41         case '0'...'9':
  42                 base = '0';
  43                 break;
  44         case 'A'...'F':
  45                 base = 'A' - 10;
  46                 break;
  47         case 'a'...'f':
  48                 base = 'a' - 10;
  49                 break;
  50         default:
  51                 base = 0;
  52         }
  53         return a - base;
  54 }
  55
  56 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  57 {
  58         const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
  59         const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
  60
  61         return bsp1->perc < bsp2->perc;
  62 }
  63
  64 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_options *o, int ddir, char *str)
  65 {
  66         struct bssplit *bssplit;
  67         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
  68         unsigned int max_bs, min_bs;
  69         long long val;
  70         char *fname;
  71
  72         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] = 4;
  73         bssplit = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  74
  75         i = 0;
  76         max_bs = 0;
  77         min_bs = -1;
  78         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
  79                 char *perc_str;
  80
  81                 if (!strlen(fname))
  82                         break;
  83
  84                 /*
  85                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
  86                  */
  87                 if (i == o->bssplit_nr[ddir]) {
  88                         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] <<= 1;
  89                         bssplit = realloc(bssplit, o->bssplit_nr[ddir]
  90                                                   * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  91                 }
  92
  93                 perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
  94                 if (perc_str) {
  95                         *perc_str = '\0';
  96                         perc_str++;
  97                         perc = atoi(perc_str);
  98                         if (perc > 100)
  99                                 perc = 100;
 100                         else if (!perc)
 101                                 perc = -1;
 102                 } else
 103                         perc = -1;
 104
 105                 if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, o)) {
 106                         log_err("fio: bssplit conversion failed\n");
 107                         free(bssplit);
 108                         return 1;
 109                 }
 110
 111                 if (val > max_bs)
 112                         max_bs = val;
 113                 if (val < min_bs)
 114                         min_bs = val;
 115
 116                 bssplit[i].bs = val;
 117                 bssplit[i].perc = perc;
 118                 i++;
 119         }
 120
 121         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] = i;
 122
 123         /*
 124          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 125          */
 126         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 127         for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 128                 struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 129
 130                 if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 131                         perc_missing++;
 132                 else
 133                         perc += bsp->perc;
 134         }
 135
 136         if (perc > 100) {
 137                 log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 138                 free(bssplit);
 139                 return 1;
 140         }
 141         /*
 142          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 143          * them.
 144          */
 145         if (perc_missing) {
 146                 for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 147                         struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 148
 149                         if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 150                                 bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 151                 }
 152         }
 153
 154         o->min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
 155         o->max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
 156
 157         /*
 158          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 159          */
 160         qsort(bssplit, o->bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
 161         o->bssplit[ddir] = bssplit;
 162         return 0;
 163 }
 164
 165 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 166 {
 167         struct thread_data *td = data;
 168         char *str, *p, *odir, *ddir;
 169         int ret = 0;
 170
 171         if (parse_dryrun())
 172                 return 0;
 173
 174         p = str = strdup(input);
 175
 176         strip_blank_front(&str);
 177         strip_blank_end(str);
 178
 179         odir = strchr(str, ',');
 180         if (odir) {
 181                 ddir = strchr(odir + 1, ',');
 182                 if (ddir) {
 183                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, ddir + 1);
 184                         if (!ret)
 185                                 *ddir = '\0';
 186                 } else {
 187                         char *op;
 188
 189                         op = strdup(odir + 1);
 190                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 191
 192                         free(op);
 193                 }
 194                 if (!ret)
 195                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1);
 196                 if (!ret) {
 197                         *odir = '\0';
 198                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
 199                 }
 200         } else {
 201                 char *op;
 202
 203                 op = strdup(str);
 204                 ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, op);
 205                 free(op);
 206
 207                 if (!ret) {
 208                         op = strdup(str);
 209                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 210                         free(op);
 211                 }
 212                 ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
 213         }
 214
 215         free(p);
 216         return ret;
 217 }
 218
 219 static int str2error(char *str)
 220 {
 221         const char *err[] = { "EPERM", "ENOENT", "ESRCH", "EINTR", "EIO",
 222                             "ENXIO", "E2BIG", "ENOEXEC", "EBADF",
 223                             "ECHILD", "EAGAIN", "ENOMEM", "EACCES",
 224                             "EFAULT", "ENOTBLK", "EBUSY", "EEXIST",
 225                             "EXDEV", "ENODEV", "ENOTDIR", "EISDIR",
 226                             "EINVAL", "ENFILE", "EMFILE", "ENOTTY",
 227                             "ETXTBSY","EFBIG", "ENOSPC", "ESPIPE",
 228                             "EROFS","EMLINK", "EPIPE", "EDOM", "ERANGE" };
 229         int i = 0, num = sizeof(err) / sizeof(void *);
 230
 231         while (i < num) {
 232                 if (!strcmp(err[i], str))
 233                         return i + 1;
 234                 i++;
 235         }
 236         return 0;
 237 }
 238
 239 static int ignore_error_type(struct thread_data *td, int etype, char *str)
 240 {
 241         unsigned int i;
 242         int *error;
 243         char *fname;
 244
 245         if (etype >= ERROR_TYPE_CNT) {
 246                 log_err("Illegal error type\n");
 247                 return 1;
 248         }
 249
 250         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = 4;
 251         error = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
 252
 253         i = 0;
 254         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
 255
 256                 if (!strlen(fname))
 257                         break;
 258
 259                 /*
 260                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
 261                  */
 262                 if (i == td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]) {
 263                         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] <<= 1;
 264                         error = realloc(error, td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]
 265                                                   * sizeof(int));
 266                 }
 267                 if (fname[0] == 'E') {
 268                         error[i] = str2error(fname);
 269                 } else {
 270                         error[i] = atoi(fname);
 271                         if (error[i] < 0)
 272                                 error[i] = error[i];
 273                 }
 274                 if (!error[i]) {
 275                         log_err("Unknown error %s, please use number value \n",
 276                                   fname);
 277                         free(error);
 278                         return 1;
 279                 }
 280                 i++;
 281         }
 282         if (i) {
 283                 td->o.continue_on_error |= 1 << etype;
 284                 td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = i;
 285                 td->o.ignore_error[etype] = error;
 286         }
 287         return 0;
 288
 289 }
 290
 291 static int str_ignore_error_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 292 {
 293         struct thread_data *td = data;
 294         char *str, *p, *n;
 295         int type = 0, ret = 1;
 296
 297         if (parse_dryrun())
 298                 return 0;
 299
 300         p = str = strdup(input);
 301
 302         strip_blank_front(&str);
 303         strip_blank_end(str);
 304
 305         while (p) {
 306                 n = strchr(p, ',');
 307                 if (n)
 308                         *n++ = '\0';
 309                 ret = ignore_error_type(td, type, p);
 310                 if (ret)
 311                         break;
 312                 p = n;
 313                 type++;
 314         }
 315         free(str);
 316         return ret;
 317 }
 318
 319 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 320 {
 321         struct thread_data *td = data;
 322         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
 323         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 324
 325         if (parse_dryrun())
 326                 return 0;
 327
 328         o->ddir_seq_nr = 1;
 329         o->ddir_seq_add = 0;
 330
 331         if (!nr)
 332                 return 0;
 333
 334         if (td_random(td))
 335                 o->ddir_seq_nr = atoi(nr);
 336         else {
 337                 long long val;
 338
 339                 if (str_to_decimal(nr, &val, 1, o)) {
 340                         log_err("fio: rw postfix parsing failed\n");
 341                         free(nr);
 342                         return 1;
 343                 }
 344
 345                 o->ddir_seq_add = val;
 346         }
 347
 348         free(nr);
 349         return 0;
 350 }
 351
 352 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 353 {
 354         struct thread_data *td = data;
 355
 356         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAP)
 357                 td->o.mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
 358
 359         return 0;
 360 }
 361
 362 static int fio_clock_source_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 363 {
 364         struct thread_data *td = data;
 365
 366         fio_clock_source = td->o.clocksource;
 367         fio_clock_source_set = 1;
 368         fio_clock_init();
 369         return 0;
 370 }
 371
 372 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 373 {
 374         struct thread_data *td = data;
 375
 376         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
 377         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
 378         return 0;
 379 }
 380
 381 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 382 {
 383         struct thread_data *td = data;
 384
 385         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
 386         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
 387         return 0;
 388 }
 389
 390 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
 391 {
 392         exitall_on_terminate = 1;
 393         return 0;
 394 }
 395
 396 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 397 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 398 {
 399         struct thread_data *td = data;
 400         unsigned int i;
 401         long max_cpu;
 402         int ret;
 403
 404         if (parse_dryrun())
 405                 return 0;
 406
 407         ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
 408         if (ret < 0) {
 409                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 410                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 411                 return 1;
 412         }
 413
 414         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 415
 416         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
 417                 if ((1 << i) & *val) {
 418                         if (i > max_cpu) {
 419                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
 420                                                                 max_cpu);
 421                                 return 1;
 422                         }
 423                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
 424                         fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
 425                 }
 426         }
 427
 428         td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 429         return 0;
 430 }
 431
 432 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
 433                             const char *input)
 434 {
 435         char *cpu, *str, *p;
 436         long max_cpu;
 437         int ret = 0;
 438
 439         ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
 440         if (ret < 0) {
 441                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 442                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 443                 return 1;
 444         }
 445
 446         p = str = strdup(input);
 447
 448         strip_blank_front(&str);
 449         strip_blank_end(str);
 450
 451         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 452
 453         while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
 454                 char *str2, *cpu2;
 455                 int icpu, icpu2;
 456
 457                 if (!strlen(cpu))
 458                         break;
 459
 460                 str2 = cpu;
 461                 icpu2 = -1;
 462                 while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
 463                         if (!strlen(cpu2))
 464                                 break;
 465
 466                         icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
 467                 }
 468
 469                 icpu = atoi(cpu);
 470                 if (icpu2 == -1)
 471                         icpu2 = icpu;
 472                 while (icpu <= icpu2) {
 473                         if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
 474                                 log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
 475                                         " %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
 476                                 ret = 1;
 477                                 break;
 478                         }
 479                         if (icpu > max_cpu) {
 480                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
 481                                                         icpu, max_cpu);
 482                                 ret = 1;
 483                                 break;
 484                         }
 485
 486                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
 487                         fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
 488                         icpu++;
 489                 }
 490                 if (ret)
 491                         break;
 492         }
 493
 494         free(p);
 495         if (!ret)
 496                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 497         return ret;
 498 }
 499
 500 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 501 {
 502         struct thread_data *td = data;
 503         int ret;
 504
 505         if (parse_dryrun())
 506                 return 0;
 507
 508         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
 509         if (!ret)
 510                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 511
 512         return ret;
 513 }
 514
 515 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 516 {
 517         struct thread_data *td = data;
 518         int ret;
 519
 520         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
 521         if (!ret)
 522                 td->o.verify_cpumask_set = 1;
 523
 524         return ret;
 525 }
 526 #endif
 527
 528 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
 529 static int str_numa_cpunodes_cb(void *data, char *input)
 530 {
 531         struct thread_data *td = data;
 532
 533         if (parse_dryrun())
 534                 return 0;
 535
 536         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 537          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 538          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 539          * numa_free_nodemask().
 540          */
 541         td->o.numa_cpunodesmask = numa_parse_nodestring(input);
 542         if (td->o.numa_cpunodesmask == NULL) {
 543                 log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 544                 td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_cpunodes_cb");
 545                 return 1;
 546         }
 547
 548         td->o.numa_cpumask_set = 1;
 549         return 0;
 550 }
 551
 552 static int str_numa_mpol_cb(void *data, char *input)
 553 {
 554         struct thread_data *td = data;
 555         const char * const policy_types[] =
 556                 { "default", "prefer", "bind", "interleave", "local", NULL };
 557         int i;
 558         char *nodelist;
 559
 560         if (parse_dryrun())
 561                 return 0;
 562
 563         nodelist = strchr(input, ':');
 564         if (nodelist) {
 565                 /* NUL-terminate mode */
 566                 *nodelist++ = '\0';
 567         }
 568
 569         for (i = 0; i <= MPOL_LOCAL; i++) {
 570                 if (!strcmp(input, policy_types[i])) {
 571                         td->o.numa_mem_mode = i;
 572                         break;
 573                 }
 574         }
 575         if (i > MPOL_LOCAL) {
 576                 log_err("fio: memory policy should be: default, prefer, bind, interleave, local\n");
 577                 goto out;
 578         }
 579
 580         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 581         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 582                 /*
 583                  * Insist on a nodelist of one node only
 584                  */
 585                 if (nodelist) {
 586                         char *rest = nodelist;
 587                         while (isdigit(*rest))
 588                                 rest++;
 589                         if (*rest) {
 590                                 log_err("fio: one node only for \'prefer\'\n");
 591                                 goto out;
 592                         }
 593                 } else {
 594                         log_err("fio: one node is needed for \'prefer\'\n");
 595                         goto out;
 596                 }
 597                 break;
 598         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 599                 /*
 600                  * Default to online nodes with memory if no nodelist
 601                  */
 602                 if (!nodelist)
 603                         nodelist = strdup("all");
 604                 break;
 605         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 606         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 607                 /*
 608                  * Don't allow a nodelist
 609                  */
 610                 if (nodelist) {
 611                         log_err("fio: NO nodelist for \'local\'\n");
 612                         goto out;
 613                 }
 614                 break;
 615         case MPOL_BIND:
 616                 /*
 617                  * Insist on a nodelist
 618                  */
 619                 if (!nodelist) {
 620                         log_err("fio: a nodelist is needed for \'bind\'\n");
 621                         goto out;
 622                 }
 623                 break;
 624         }
 625
 626
 627         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 628          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 629          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 630          * numa_free_nodemask().
 631          */
 632         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 633         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 634                 td->o.numa_mem_prefer_node = atoi(nodelist);
 635                 break;
 636         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 637         case MPOL_BIND:
 638                 td->o.numa_memnodesmask = numa_parse_nodestring(nodelist);
 639                 if (td->o.numa_memnodesmask == NULL) {
 640                         log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 641                         td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_memnodes_cb");
 642                         return 1;
 643                 }
 644                 break;
 645         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 646         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 647         default:
 648                 break;
 649         }
 650
 651         td->o.numa_memmask_set = 1;
 652         return 0;
 653
 654 out:
 655         return 1;
 656 }
 657 #endif
 658
 659 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 660 {
 661         struct thread_data *td = data;
 662         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 663
 664         td->file_service_nr = 1;
 665         if (nr) {
 666                 td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
 667                 free(nr);
 668         }
 669
 670         return 0;
 671 }
 672
 673 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
 674 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 675 {
 676         struct thread_data *td = data;
 677         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 678
 679         td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
 680         if (nr) {
 681                 td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
 682                 free(nr);
 683         }
 684
 685         return 0;
 686 }
 687 #endif
 688
 689 static int str_random_distribution_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 690 {
 691         struct thread_data *td = data;
 692         double val;
 693         char *nr;
 694
 695         if (parse_dryrun())
 696                 return 0;
 697
 698         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF)
 699                 val = 1.1;
 700         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO)
 701                 val = 0.2;
 702         else
 703                 return 0;
 704
 705         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 706         if (nr && !str_to_float(nr, &val)) {
 707                 log_err("fio: random postfix parsing failed\n");
 708                 free(nr);
 709                 return 1;
 710         }
 711
 712         free(nr);
 713
 714         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF) {
 715                 if (val == 1.00) {
 716                         log_err("fio: zipf theta must different than 1.0\n");
 717                         return 1;
 718                 }
 719                 td->o.zipf_theta.u.f = val;
 720         } else {
 721                 if (val <= 0.00 || val >= 1.00) {
 722                         log_err("fio: pareto input out of range (0 < input < 1.0)\n");
 723                         return 1;
 724                 }
 725                 td->o.pareto_h.u.f = val;
 726         }
 727
 728         return 0;
 729 }
 730
 731 /*
 732  * Return next file in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
 733  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
 734  * indicate a new file.
 735  */
 736 static char *get_next_file_name(char **ptr)
 737 {
 738         char *str = *ptr;
 739         char *p, *start;
 740
 741         if (!str || !strlen(str))
 742                 return NULL;
 743
 744         start = str;
 745         do {
 746                 /*
 747                  * No colon, we are done
 748                  */
 749                 p = strchr(str, ':');
 750                 if (!p) {
 751                         *ptr = NULL;
 752                         break;
 753                 }
 754
 755                 /*
 756                  * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
 757                  * continue
 758                  */
 759                 if (p == start) {
 760                         str = ++start;
 761                         continue;
 762                 }
 763
 764                 if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
 765                         *p = '\0';
 766                         *ptr = p + 1;
 767                         break;
 768                 }
 769
 770                 memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
 771                 str = p;
 772         } while (1);
 773
 774         return start;
 775 }
 776
 777 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 778 {
 779         struct thread_data *td = data;
 780         char *fname, *str, *p;
 781
 782         p = str = strdup(input);
 783
 784         strip_blank_front(&str);
 785         strip_blank_end(str);
 786
 787         if (!td->files_index)
 788                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 789
 790         while ((fname = get_next_file_name(&str)) != NULL) {
 791                 if (!strlen(fname))
 792                         break;
 793                 add_file(td, fname);
 794                 td->o.nr_files++;
 795         }
 796
 797         free(p);
 798         return 0;
 799 }
 800
 801 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 802 {
 803         struct thread_data *td = data;
 804         struct stat sb;
 805
 806         if (parse_dryrun())
 807                 return 0;
 808
 809         if (lstat(td->o.directory, &sb) < 0) {
 810                 int ret = errno;
 811
 812                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 813                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 814                 return 1;
 815         }
 816         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 817                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 818                 return 1;
 819         }
 820
 821         return 0;
 822 }
 823
 824 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 825 {
 826         struct thread_data *td = data;
 827
 828         if (parse_dryrun())
 829                 return 0;
 830
 831         if (!td->files_index)
 832                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 833
 834         return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
 835 }
 836
 837 static int pattern_cb(char *pattern, unsigned int max_size,
 838                       const char *input, unsigned int *pattern_bytes)
 839 {
 840         long off;
 841         int i = 0, j = 0, len, k, base = 10;
 842         uint32_t pattern_length;
 843         char *loc1, *loc2;
 844
 845         loc1 = strstr(input, "0x");
 846         loc2 = strstr(input, "0X");
 847         if (loc1 || loc2)
 848                 base = 16;
 849         off = strtol(input, NULL, base);
 850         if (off != LONG_MAX || errno != ERANGE) {
 851                 while (off) {
 852                         pattern[i] = off & 0xff;
 853                         off >>= 8;
 854                         i++;
 855                 }
 856         } else {
 857                 len = strlen(input);
 858                 k = len - 1;
 859                 if (base == 16) {
 860                         if (loc1)
 861                                 j = loc1 - input + 2;
 862                         else
 863                                 j = loc2 - input + 2;
 864                 } else
 865                         return 1;
 866                 if (len - j < max_size * 2) {
 867                         while (k >= j) {
 868                                 off = converthexchartoint(input[k--]);
 869                                 if (k >= j)
 870                                         off += (converthexchartoint(input[k--])
 871                                                 * 16);
 872                                 pattern[i++] = (char) off;
 873                         }
 874                 }
 875         }
 876
 877         /*
 878          * Fill the pattern all the way to the end. This greatly reduces
 879          * the number of memcpy's we have to do when verifying the IO.
 880          */
 881         pattern_length = i;
 882         while (i > 1 && i * 2 <= max_size) {
 883                 memcpy(&pattern[i], &pattern[0], i);
 884                 i *= 2;
 885         }
 886
 887         /*
 888          * Fill remainder, if the pattern multiple ends up not being
 889          * max_size.
 890          */
 891         while (i > 1 && i < max_size) {
 892                 unsigned int b = min(pattern_length, max_size - i);
 893
 894                 memcpy(&pattern[i], &pattern[0], b);
 895                 i += b;
 896         }
 897
 898         if (i == 1) {
 899                 /*
 900                  * The code in verify_io_u_pattern assumes a single byte pattern
 901                  * fills the whole verify pattern buffer.
 902                  */
 903                 memset(pattern, pattern[0], max_size);
 904         }
 905
 906         *pattern_bytes = i;
 907         return 0;
 908 }
 909
 910 static int str_buffer_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 911 {
 912         struct thread_data *td = data;
 913         int ret;
 914
 915         ret = pattern_cb(td->o.buffer_pattern, MAX_PATTERN_SIZE, input,
 916                                 &td->o.buffer_pattern_bytes);
 917
 918         if (!ret) {
 919                 td->o.refill_buffers = 0;
 920                 td->o.scramble_buffers = 0;
 921                 td->o.zero_buffers = 0;
 922         }
 923
 924         return ret;
 925 }
 926
 927 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 928 {
 929         struct thread_data *td = data;
 930         int ret;
 931
 932         ret = pattern_cb(td->o.verify_pattern, MAX_PATTERN_SIZE, input,
 933                                 &td->o.verify_pattern_bytes);
 934
 935         /*
 936          * VERIFY_META could already be set
 937          */
 938         if (!ret && td->o.verify == VERIFY_NONE)
 939                 td->o.verify = VERIFY_PATTERN;
 940
 941         return ret;
 942 }
 943
 944 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
 945 {
 946         struct thread_data *td = data;
 947         int val = *il;
 948
 949         td->o.disable_lat = !!val;
 950         td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
 951         td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
 952         td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
 953         td->o.clat_percentiles = !val;
 954         if (val)
 955                 td->tv_cache_mask = 63;
 956
 957         return 0;
 958 }
 959
 960 static int str_gtod_cpu_cb(void *data, long long *il)
 961 {
 962         struct thread_data *td = data;
 963         int val = *il;
 964
 965         td->o.gtod_cpu = val;
 966         td->o.gtod_offload = 1;
 967         return 0;
 968 }
 969
 970 static int str_size_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *__val)
 971 {
 972         struct thread_data *td = data;
 973         unsigned long long v = *__val;
 974
 975         if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
 976                 td->o.size = 0;
 977                 td->o.size_percent = -1ULL - v;
 978         } else
 979                 td->o.size = v;
 980
 981         return 0;
 982 }
 983
 984 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 985 {
 986         struct thread_data *td = data;
 987
 988         if (read_only && td_write(td)) {
 989                 log_err("fio: job <%s> has write bit set, but fio is in"
 990                         " read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
 991                 return 1;
 992         }
 993
 994         return 0;
 995 }
 996
 997 static int gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 998 {
 999 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1000         struct thread_data *td = data;
1001
1002         if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
1003                 log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
1004                         "gettimeofday() offloading\n");
1005                 return 1;
1006         }
1007 #endif
1008
1009         return 0;
1010 }
1011
1012 /*
1013  * Option grouping
1014  */
1015 static struct opt_group fio_opt_groups[] = {
1016         {
1017                 .name   = "General",
1018                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1019         },
1020         {
1021                 .name   = "I/O",
1022                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1023         },
1024         {
1025                 .name   = "File",
1026                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1027         },
1028         {
1029                 .name   = "Statistics",
1030                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
1031         },
1032         {
1033                 .name   = "Logging",
1034                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
1035         },
1036         {
1037                 .name   = "Profiles",
1038                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
1039         },
1040         {
1041                 .name   = NULL,
1042         },
1043 };
1044
1045 static struct opt_group *__opt_group_from_mask(struct opt_group *ogs, unsigned int *mask,
1046                                                unsigned int inv_mask)
1047 {
1048         struct opt_group *og;
1049         int i;
1050
1051         if (*mask == inv_mask || !*mask)
1052                 return NULL;
1053
1054         for (i = 0; ogs[i].name; i++) {
1055                 og = &ogs[i];
1056
1057                 if (*mask & og->mask) {
1058                         *mask &= ~(og->mask);
1059                         return og;
1060                 }
1061         }
1062
1063         return NULL;
1064 }
1065
1066 struct opt_group *opt_group_from_mask(unsigned int *mask)
1067 {
1068         return __opt_group_from_mask(fio_opt_groups, mask, FIO_OPT_C_INVALID);
1069 }
1070
1071 static struct opt_group fio_opt_cat_groups[] = {
1072         {
1073                 .name   = "Latency profiling",
1074                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
1075         },
1076         {
1077                 .name   = "Rate",
1078                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
1079         },
1080         {
1081                 .name   = "Zone",
1082                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
1083         },
1084         {
1085                 .name   = "Read/write mix",
1086                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
1087         },
1088         {
1089                 .name   = "Verify",
1090                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1091         },
1092         {
1093                 .name   = "Trim",
1094                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
1095         },
1096         {
1097                 .name   = "I/O Logging",
1098                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
1099         },
1100         {
1101                 .name   = "I/O Depth",
1102                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_DEPTH,
1103         },
1104         {
1105                 .name   = "I/O Flow",
1106                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
1107         },
1108         {
1109                 .name   = "Description",
1110                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1111         },
1112         {
1113                 .name   = "Filename",
1114                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1115         },
1116         {
1117                 .name   = "General I/O",
1118                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1119         },
1120         {
1121                 .name   = "Cgroups",
1122                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
1123         },
1124         {
1125                 .name   = "Runtime",
1126                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1127         },
1128         {
1129                 .name   = "Process",
1130                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
1131         },
1132         {
1133                 .name   = "Job credentials / priority",
1134                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
1135         },
1136         {
1137                 .name   = "Clock settings",
1138                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
1139         },
1140         {
1141                 .name   = "I/O Type",
1142                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1143         },
1144         {
1145                 .name   = "I/O Thinktime",
1146                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
1147         },
1148         {
1149                 .name   = "Randomizations",
1150                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1151         },
1152         {
1153                 .name   = "I/O buffers",
1154                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
1155         },
1156         {
1157                 .name   = "Tiobench profile",
1158                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_TIOBENCH,
1159         },
1160
1161         {
1162                 .name   = NULL,
1163         }
1164 };
1165
1166 struct opt_group *opt_group_cat_from_mask(unsigned int *mask)
1167 {
1168         return __opt_group_from_mask(fio_opt_cat_groups, mask, FIO_OPT_G_INVALID);
1169 }
1170
1171 /*
1172  * Map of job/command line options
1173  */
1174 struct fio_option fio_options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
1175         {
1176                 .name   = "description",
1177                 .lname  = "Description of job",
1178                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1179                 .off1   = td_var_offset(description),
1180                 .help   = "Text job description",
1181                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1182                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1183         },
1184         {
1185                 .name   = "name",
1186                 .lname  = "Job name",
1187                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1188                 .off1   = td_var_offset(name),
1189                 .help   = "Name of this job",
1190                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1191                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1192         },
1193         {
1194                 .name   = "filename",
1195                 .lname  = "Filename(s)",
1196                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1197                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename),
1198                 .cb     = str_filename_cb,
1199                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1200                 .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
1201                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1202                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1203         },
1204         {
1205                 .name   = "directory",
1206                 .lname  = "Directory",
1207                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1208                 .off1   = td_var_offset(directory),
1209                 .cb     = str_directory_cb,
1210                 .help   = "Directory to store files in",
1211                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1212                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1213         },
1214         {
1215                 .name   = "filename_format",
1216                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1217                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename_format),
1218                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1219                 .help   = "Override default $jobname.$jobnum.$filenum naming",
1220                 .def    = "$jobname.$jobnum.$filenum",
1221                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1222                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1223         },
1224         {
1225                 .name   = "lockfile",
1226                 .lname  = "Lockfile",
1227                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1228                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_lock_mode),
1229                 .help   = "Lock file when doing IO to it",
1230                 .prio   = 1,
1231                 .parent = "filename",
1232                 .hide   = 0,
1233                 .def    = "none",
1234                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1235                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1236                 .posval = {
1237                           { .ival = "none",
1238                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
1239                             .help = "No file locking",
1240                           },
1241                           { .ival = "exclusive",
1242                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
1243                             .help = "Exclusive file lock",
1244                           },
1245                           {
1246                             .ival = "readwrite",
1247                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
1248                             .help = "Read vs write lock",
1249                           },
1250                 },
1251         },
1252         {
1253                 .name   = "opendir",
1254                 .lname  = "Open directory",
1255                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1256                 .off1   = td_var_offset(opendir),
1257                 .cb     = str_opendir_cb,
1258                 .help   = "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
1259                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1260                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1261         },
1262         {
1263                 .name   = "rw",
1264                 .lname  = "Read/write",
1265                 .alias  = "readwrite",
1266                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1267                 .cb     = str_rw_cb,
1268                 .off1   = td_var_offset(td_ddir),
1269                 .help   = "IO direction",
1270                 .def    = "read",
1271                 .verify = rw_verify,
1272                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1273                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1274                 .posval = {
1275                           { .ival = "read",
1276                             .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
1277                             .help = "Sequential read",
1278                           },
1279                           { .ival = "write",
1280                             .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
1281                             .help = "Sequential write",
1282                           },
1283                           { .ival = "trim",
1284                             .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIM,
1285                             .help = "Sequential trim",
1286                           },
1287                           { .ival = "randread",
1288                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
1289                             .help = "Random read",
1290                           },
1291                           { .ival = "randwrite",
1292                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
1293                             .help = "Random write",
1294                           },
1295                           { .ival = "randtrim",
1296                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDTRIM,
1297                             .help = "Random trim",
1298                           },
1299                           { .ival = "rw",
1300                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1301                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1302                           },
1303                           { .ival = "readwrite",
1304                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1305                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1306                           },
1307                           { .ival = "randrw",
1308                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
1309                             .help = "Random read and write mix"
1310                           },
1311                 },
1312         },
1313         {
1314                 .name   = "rw_sequencer",
1315                 .lname  = "RW Sequencer",
1316                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1317                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rw_seq),
1318                 .help   = "IO offset generator modifier",
1319                 .def    = "sequential",
1320                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1321                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1322                 .posval = {
1323                           { .ival = "sequential",
1324                             .oval = RW_SEQ_SEQ,
1325                             .help = "Generate sequential offsets",
1326                           },
1327                           { .ival = "identical",
1328                             .oval = RW_SEQ_IDENT,
1329                             .help = "Generate identical offsets",
1330                           },
1331                 },
1332         },
1333
1334         {
1335                 .name   = "ioengine",
1336                 .lname  = "IO Engine",
1337                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1338                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioengine),
1339                 .help   = "IO engine to use",
1340                 .def    = FIO_PREFERRED_ENGINE,
1341                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1342                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1343                 .posval = {
1344                           { .ival = "sync",
1345                             .help = "Use read/write",
1346                           },
1347                           { .ival = "psync",
1348                             .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
1349                           },
1350                           { .ival = "vsync",
1351                             .help = "Use readv/writev",
1352                           },
1353 #ifdef CONFIG_PWRITEV
1354                           { .ival = "pvsync",
1355                             .help = "Use preadv/pwritev",
1356                           },
1357 #endif
1358 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBAIO
1359                           { .ival = "libaio",
1360                             .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
1361                           },
1362 #endif
1363 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIXAIO
1364                           { .ival = "posixaio",
1365                             .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
1366                           },
1367 #endif
1368 #ifdef CONFIG_SOLARISAIO
1369                           { .ival = "solarisaio",
1370                             .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
1371                           },
1372 #endif
1373 #ifdef CONFIG_WINDOWSAIO
1374                           { .ival = "windowsaio",
1375                             .help = "Windows native asynchronous IO"
1376                           },
1377 #endif
1378                           { .ival = "mmap",
1379                             .help = "Memory mapped IO"
1380                           },
1381 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_SPLICE
1382                           { .ival = "splice",
1383                             .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
1384                           },
1385                           { .ival = "netsplice",
1386                             .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
1387                           },
1388 #endif
1389 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
1390                           { .ival = "sg",
1391                             .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
1392                           },
1393 #endif
1394                           { .ival = "null",
1395                             .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
1396                           },
1397                           { .ival = "net",
1398                             .help = "Network IO",
1399                           },
1400                           { .ival = "cpuio",
1401                             .help = "CPU cycle burner engine",
1402                           },
1403 #ifdef CONFIG_GUASI
1404                           { .ival = "guasi",
1405                             .help = "GUASI IO engine",
1406                           },
1407 #endif
1408 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_BINJECT
1409                           { .ival = "binject",
1410                             .help = "binject direct inject block engine",
1411                           },
1412 #endif
1413 #ifdef CONFIG_RDMA
1414                           { .ival = "rdma",
1415                             .help = "RDMA IO engine",
1416                           },
1417 #endif
1418 #ifdef CONFIG_FUSION_AW
1419                           { .ival = "fusion-aw-sync",
1420                             .help = "Fusion-io atomic write engine",
1421                           },
1422 #endif
1423 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_EXT4_MOVE_EXTENT
1424                           { .ival = "e4defrag",
1425                             .help = "ext4 defrag engine",
1426                           },
1427 #endif
1428 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1429                           { .ival = "falloc",
1430                             .help = "fallocate() file based engine",
1431                           },
1432 #endif
1433                           { .ival = "external",
1434                             .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
1435                           },
1436                 },
1437         },
1438         {
1439                 .name   = "iodepth",
1440                 .lname  = "IO Depth",
1441                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1442                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth),
1443                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to keep in flight",
1444                 .minval = 1,
1445                 .interval = 1,
1446                 .def    = "1",
1447                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1448                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1449         },
1450         {
1451                 .name   = "iodepth_batch",
1452                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch",
1453                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_submit",
1454                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1455                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch),
1456                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
1457                 .parent = "iodepth",
1458                 .hide   = 1,
1459                 .minval = 1,
1460                 .interval = 1,
1461                 .def    = "1",
1462                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1463                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1464         },
1465         {
1466                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete",
1467                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch complete",
1468                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1469                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch_complete),
1470                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
1471                 .parent = "iodepth",
1472                 .hide   = 1,
1473                 .minval = 0,
1474                 .interval = 1,
1475                 .def    = "1",
1476                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1477                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1478         },
1479         {
1480                 .name   = "iodepth_low",
1481                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch low",
1482                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1483                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_low),
1484                 .help   = "Low water mark for queuing depth",
1485                 .parent = "iodepth",
1486                 .hide   = 1,
1487                 .interval = 1,
1488                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1489                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1490         },
1491         {
1492                 .name   = "size",
1493                 .lname  = "Size",
1494                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1495                 .cb     = str_size_cb,
1496                 .help   = "Total size of device or files",
1497                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1498                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1499                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1500         },
1501         {
1502                 .name   = "fill_device",
1503                 .lname  = "Fill device",
1504                 .alias  = "fill_fs",
1505                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1506                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fill_device),
1507                 .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
1508                 .def    = "0",
1509                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1510                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1511         },
1512         {
1513                 .name   = "filesize",
1514                 .lname  = "File size",
1515                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1516                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_size_low),
1517                 .off2   = td_var_offset(file_size_high),
1518                 .minval = 1,
1519                 .help   = "Size of individual files",
1520                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1521                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1522                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1523         },
1524         {
1525                 .name   = "offset",
1526                 .lname  = "IO offset",
1527                 .alias  = "fileoffset",
1528                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1529                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_offset),
1530                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset",
1531                 .def    = "0",
1532                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1533                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1534                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1535         },
1536         {
1537                 .name   = "offset_increment",
1538                 .lname  = "IO offset increment",
1539                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1540                 .off1   = td_var_offset(offset_increment),
1541                 .help   = "What is the increment from one offset to the next",
1542                 .parent = "offset",
1543                 .hide   = 1,
1544                 .def    = "0",
1545                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1546                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1547                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1548         },
1549         {
1550                 .name   = "number_ios",
1551                 .lname  = "Number of IOs to perform",
1552                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1553                 .off1   = td_var_offset(number_ios),
1554                 .help   = "Force job completion of this number of IOs",
1555                 .def    = "0",
1556                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1557                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1558         },
1559         {
1560                 .name   = "bs",
1561                 .lname  = "Block size",
1562                 .alias  = "blocksize",
1563                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1564                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_READ]),
1565                 .off2   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1566                 .off3   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1567                 .minval = 1,
1568                 .help   = "Block size unit",
1569                 .def    = "4k",
1570                 .parent = "rw",
1571                 .hide   = 1,
1572                 .interval = 512,
1573                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1574                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1575         },
1576         {
1577                 .name   = "ba",
1578                 .lname  = "Block size align",
1579                 .alias  = "blockalign",
1580                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1581                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_READ]),
1582                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
1583                 .off3   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_TRIM]),
1584                 .minval = 1,
1585                 .help   = "IO block offset alignment",
1586                 .parent = "rw",
1587                 .hide   = 1,
1588                 .interval = 512,
1589                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1590                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1591         },
1592         {
1593                 .name   = "bsrange",
1594                 .lname  = "Block size range",
1595                 .alias  = "blocksize_range",
1596                 .type   = FIO_OPT_RANGE,
1597                 .off1   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1598                 .off2   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1599                 .off3   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1600                 .off4   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1601                 .off5   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1602                 .off6   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1603                 .minval = 1,
1604                 .help   = "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
1605                 .parent = "rw",
1606                 .hide   = 1,
1607                 .interval = 4096,
1608                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1609                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1610         },
1611         {
1612                 .name   = "bssplit",
1613                 .lname  = "Block size split",
1614                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1615                 .cb     = str_bssplit_cb,
1616                 .help   = "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
1617                 .parent = "rw",
1618                 .hide   = 1,
1619                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1620                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1621         },
1622         {
1623                 .name   = "bs_unaligned",
1624                 .lname  = "Block size unaligned",
1625                 .alias  = "blocksize_unaligned",
1626                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1627                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_unaligned),
1628                 .help   = "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
1629                 .parent = "rw",
1630                 .hide   = 1,
1631                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1632                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1633         },
1634         {
1635                 .name   = "bs_is_seq_rand",
1636                 .lname  = "Block size division is seq/random (not read/write)",
1637                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1638                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_is_seq_rand),
1639                 .help   = "Consider any blocksize setting to be sequential,ramdom",
1640                 .def    = "0",
1641                 .parent = "blocksize",
1642                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1643                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1644         },
1645         {
1646                 .name   = "randrepeat",
1647                 .lname  = "Random repeatable",
1648                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1649                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rand_repeatable),
1650                 .help   = "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
1651                 .def    = "1",
1652                 .parent = "rw",
1653                 .hide   = 1,
1654                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1655                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1656         },
1657         {
1658                 .name   = "randseed",
1659                 .lname  = "The random generator seed",
1660                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1661                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rand_seed),
1662                 .help   = "Set the random generator seed value",
1663                 .parent = "rw",
1664                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1665                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1666         },
1667         {
1668                 .name   = "use_os_rand",
1669                 .lname  = "Use OS random",
1670                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1671                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_os_rand),
1672                 .help   = "Set to use OS random generator",
1673                 .def    = "0",
1674                 .parent = "rw",
1675                 .hide   = 1,
1676                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1677                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1678         },
1679         {
1680                 .name   = "norandommap",
1681                 .lname  = "No randommap",
1682                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1683                 .off1   = td_var_offset(norandommap),
1684                 .help   = "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
1685                 .parent = "rw",
1686                 .hide   = 1,
1687                 .hide_on_set = 1,
1688                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1689                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1690         },
1691         {
1692                 .name   = "softrandommap",
1693                 .lname  = "Soft randommap",
1694                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1695                 .off1   = td_var_offset(softrandommap),
1696                 .help   = "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
1697                 .parent = "norandommap",
1698                 .hide   = 1,
1699                 .def    = "0",
1700                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1701                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1702         },
1703         {
1704                 .name   = "random_generator",
1705                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1706                 .off1   = td_var_offset(random_generator),
1707                 .help   = "Type of random number generator to use",
1708                 .def    = "tausworthe",
1709                 .posval = {
1710                           { .ival = "tausworthe",
1711                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_TAUSWORTHE,
1712                             .help = "Strong Tausworthe generator",
1713                           },
1714                           { .ival = "lfsr",
1715                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_LFSR,
1716                             .help = "Variable length LFSR",
1717                           },
1718                 },
1719                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1720                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1721         },
1722         {
1723                 .name   = "random_distribution",
1724                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1725                 .off1   = td_var_offset(random_distribution),
1726                 .cb     = str_random_distribution_cb,
1727                 .help   = "Random offset distribution generator",
1728                 .def    = "random",
1729                 .posval = {
1730                           { .ival = "random",
1731                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_RANDOM,
1732                             .help = "Completely random",
1733                           },
1734                           { .ival = "zipf",
1735                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF,
1736                             .help = "Zipf distribution",
1737                           },
1738                           { .ival = "pareto",
1739                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO,
1740                             .help = "Pareto distribution",
1741                           },
1742                 },
1743                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1744                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1745         },
1746         {
1747                 .name   = "percentage_random",
1748                 .lname  = "Percentage Random",
1749                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1750                 .off1   = td_var_offset(perc_rand[DDIR_READ]),
1751                 .off2   = td_var_offset(perc_rand[DDIR_WRITE]),
1752                 .off3   = td_var_offset(perc_rand[DDIR_TRIM]),
1753                 .maxval = 100,
1754                 .help   = "Percentage of seq/random mix that should be random",
1755                 .def    = "100,100,100",
1756                 .interval = 5,
1757                 .inverse = "percentage_sequential",
1758                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1759                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1760         },
1761         {
1762                 .name   = "percentage_sequential",
1763                 .lname  = "Percentage Sequential",
1764                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
1765                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1766                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1767         },
1768         {
1769                 .name   = "nrfiles",
1770                 .lname  = "Number of files",
1771                 .alias  = "nr_files",
1772                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1773                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nr_files),
1774                 .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
1775                 .def    = "1",
1776                 .interval = 1,
1777                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1778                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1779         },
1780         {
1781                 .name   = "openfiles",
1782                 .lname  = "Number of open files",
1783                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1784                 .off1   = td_var_offset(open_files),
1785                 .help   = "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
1786                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1787                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1788         },
1789         {
1790                 .name   = "file_service_type",
1791                 .lname  = "File service type",
1792                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1793                 .cb     = str_fst_cb,
1794                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_service_type),
1795                 .help   = "How to select which file to service next",
1796                 .def    = "roundrobin",
1797                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1798                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1799                 .posval = {
1800                           { .ival = "random",
1801                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
1802                             .help = "Choose a file at random",
1803                           },
1804                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
1805                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
1806                             .help = "Round robin select files",
1807                           },
1808                           { .ival = "sequential",
1809                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
1810                             .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
1811                           },
1812                 },
1813                 .parent = "nrfiles",
1814                 .hide   = 1,
1815         },
1816 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE
1817         {
1818                 .name   = "fallocate",
1819                 .lname  = "Fallocate",
1820                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1821                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fallocate_mode),
1822                 .help   = "Whether pre-allocation is performed when laying out files",
1823                 .def    = "posix",
1824                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1825                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1826                 .posval = {
1827                           { .ival = "none",
1828                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
1829                             .help = "Do not pre-allocate space",
1830                           },
1831                           { .ival = "posix",
1832                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
1833                             .help = "Use posix_fallocate()",
1834                           },
1835 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1836                           { .ival = "keep",
1837                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_KEEP_SIZE,
1838                             .help = "Use fallocate(..., FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE, ...)",
1839                           },
1840 #endif
1841                           /* Compatibility with former boolean values */
1842                           { .ival = "0",
1843                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
1844                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
1845                           },
1846                           { .ival = "1",
1847                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
1848                             .help = "Alias for 'posix'",
1849                           },
1850                 },
1851         },
1852 #endif  /* CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE */
1853         {
1854                 .name   = "fadvise_hint",
1855                 .lname  = "Fadvise hint",
1856                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1857                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fadvise_hint),
1858                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
1859                 .def    = "1",
1860                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1861                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1862         },
1863         {
1864                 .name   = "fsync",
1865                 .lname  = "Fsync",
1866                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1867                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_blocks),
1868                 .help   = "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
1869                 .def    = "0",
1870                 .interval = 1,
1871                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1872                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1873         },
1874         {
1875                 .name   = "fdatasync",
1876                 .lname  = "Fdatasync",
1877                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1878                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fdatasync_blocks),
1879                 .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
1880                 .def    = "0",
1881                 .interval = 1,
1882                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1883                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1884         },
1885         {
1886                 .name   = "write_barrier",
1887                 .lname  = "Write barrier",
1888                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1889                 .off1   = td_var_offset(barrier_blocks),
1890                 .help   = "Make every Nth write a barrier write",
1891                 .def    = "0",
1892                 .interval = 1,
1893                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1894                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1895         },
1896 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
1897         {
1898                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
1899                 .lname  = "Sync file range",
1900                 .posval = {
1901                           { .ival = "wait_before",
1902                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
1903                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
1904                             .or   = 1,
1905                           },
1906                           { .ival = "write",
1907                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
1908                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
1909                             .or   = 1,
1910                           },
1911                           {
1912                             .ival = "wait_after",
1913                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
1914                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
1915                             .or   = 1,
1916                           },
1917                 },
1918                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_MULTI,
1919                 .cb     = str_sfr_cb,
1920                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_file_range),
1921                 .help   = "Use sync_file_range()",
1922                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1923                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1924         },
1925 #endif
1926         {
1927                 .name   = "direct",
1928                 .lname  = "Direct I/O",
1929                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1930                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1931                 .help   = "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
1932                 .def    = "0",
1933                 .inverse = "buffered",
1934                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1935                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1936         },
1937         {
1938                 .name   = "atomic",
1939                 .lname  = "Atomic I/O",
1940                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1941                 .off1   = td_var_offset(oatomic),
1942                 .help   = "Use Atomic IO with O_DIRECT (implies O_DIRECT)",
1943                 .def    = "0",
1944                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1945                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1946         },
1947         {
1948                 .name   = "buffered",
1949                 .lname  = "Buffered I/O",
1950                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1951                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1952                 .neg    = 1,
1953                 .help   = "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
1954                 .def    = "1",
1955                 .inverse = "direct",
1956                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1957                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1958         },
1959         {
1960                 .name   = "overwrite",
1961                 .lname  = "Overwrite",
1962                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1963                 .off1   = td_var_offset(overwrite),
1964                 .help   = "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
1965                 .def    = "0",
1966                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1967                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1968         },
1969         {
1970                 .name   = "loops",
1971                 .lname  = "Loops",
1972                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1973                 .off1   = td_var_offset(loops),
1974                 .help   = "Number of times to run the job",
1975                 .def    = "1",
1976                 .interval = 1,
1977                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1978                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1979         },
1980         {
1981                 .name   = "numjobs",
1982                 .lname  = "Number of jobs",
1983                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1984                 .off1   = td_var_offset(numjobs),
1985                 .help   = "Duplicate this job this many times",
1986                 .def    = "1",
1987                 .interval = 1,
1988                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1989                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1990         },
1991         {
1992                 .name   = "startdelay",
1993                 .lname  = "Start delay",
1994                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1995                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_delay),
1996                 .help   = "Only start job when this period has passed",
1997                 .def    = "0",
1998                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1999                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2000         },
2001         {
2002                 .name   = "runtime",
2003                 .lname  = "Runtime",
2004                 .alias  = "timeout",
2005                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2006                 .off1   = td_var_offset(timeout),
2007                 .help   = "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
2008                 .def    = "0",
2009                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2010                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2011         },
2012         {
2013                 .name   = "time_based",
2014                 .lname  = "Time based",
2015                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2016                 .off1   = td_var_offset(time_based),
2017                 .help   = "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
2018                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2019                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2020         },
2021         {
2022                 .name   = "verify_only",
2023                 .lname  = "Verify only",
2024                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2025                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_only),
2026                 .help   = "Verifies previously written data is still valid",
2027                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2028                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2029         },
2030         {
2031                 .name   = "ramp_time",
2032                 .lname  = "Ramp time",
2033                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2034                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ramp_time),
2035                 .help   = "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
2036                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2037                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2038         },
2039         {
2040                 .name   = "clocksource",
2041                 .lname  = "Clock source",
2042                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2043                 .cb     = fio_clock_source_cb,
2044                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clocksource),
2045                 .help   = "What type of timing source to use",
2046                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2047                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
2048                 .posval = {
2049 #ifdef CONFIG_GETTIMEOFDAY
2050                           { .ival = "gettimeofday",
2051                             .oval = CS_GTOD,
2052                             .help = "Use gettimeofday(2) for timing",
2053                           },
2054 #endif
2055 #ifdef CONFIG_CLOCK_GETTIME
2056                           { .ival = "clock_gettime",
2057                             .oval = CS_CGETTIME,
2058                             .help = "Use clock_gettime(2) for timing",
2059                           },
2060 #endif
2061 #ifdef ARCH_HAVE_CPU_CLOCK
2062                           { .ival = "cpu",
2063                             .oval = CS_CPUCLOCK,
2064                             .help = "Use CPU private clock",
2065                           },
2066 #endif
2067                 },
2068         },
2069         {
2070                 .name   = "mem",
2071                 .alias  = "iomem",
2072                 .lname  = "I/O Memory",
2073                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2074                 .cb     = str_mem_cb,
2075                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_type),
2076                 .help   = "Backing type for IO buffers",
2077                 .def    = "malloc",
2078                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2079                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2080                 .posval = {
2081                           { .ival = "malloc",
2082                             .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
2083                             .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
2084                           },
2085                           { .ival = "shm",
2086                             .oval = MEM_SHM,
2087                             .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
2088                           },
2089 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2090                           { .ival = "shmhuge",
2091                             .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
2092                             .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
2093                           },
2094 #endif
2095                           { .ival = "mmap",
2096                             .oval = MEM_MMAP,
2097                             .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
2098                           },
2099 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2100                           { .ival = "mmaphuge",
2101                             .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
2102                             .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
2103                           },
2104 #endif
2105                   },
2106         },
2107         {
2108                 .name   = "iomem_align",
2109                 .alias  = "mem_align",
2110                 .lname  = "I/O memory alignment",
2111                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2112                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_align),
2113                 .minval = 0,
2114                 .help   = "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
2115                 .def    = "0",
2116                 .parent = "iomem",
2117                 .hide   = 1,
2118                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2119                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2120         },
2121         {
2122                 .name   = "verify",
2123                 .lname  = "Verify",
2124                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2125                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify),
2126                 .help   = "Verify data written",
2127                 .def    = "0",
2128                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2129                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2130                 .posval = {
2131                           { .ival = "0",
2132                             .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
2133                             .help = "Don't do IO verification",
2134                           },
2135                           { .ival = "md5",
2136                             .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
2137                             .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
2138                           },
2139                           { .ival = "crc64",
2140                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
2141                             .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
2142                           },
2143                           { .ival = "crc32",
2144                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
2145                             .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
2146                           },
2147                           { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
2148                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2149                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2150                           },
2151                           { .ival = "crc32c",
2152                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2153                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2154                           },
2155                           { .ival = "crc16",
2156                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
2157                             .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
2158                           },
2159                           { .ival = "crc7",
2160                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
2161                             .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
2162                           },
2163                           { .ival = "sha1",
2164                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
2165                             .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
2166                           },
2167                           { .ival = "sha256",
2168                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
2169                             .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
2170                           },
2171                           { .ival = "sha512",
2172                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
2173                             .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
2174                           },
2175                           { .ival = "meta",
2176                             .oval = VERIFY_META,
2177                             .help = "Use io information",
2178                           },
2179                           {
2180                             .ival = "null",
2181                             .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
2182                             .help = "Pretend to verify",
2183                           },
2184                 },
2185         },
2186         {
2187                 .name   = "do_verify",
2188                 .lname  = "Perform verify step",
2189                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2190                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_verify),
2191                 .help   = "Run verification stage after write",
2192                 .def    = "1",
2193                 .parent = "verify",
2194                 .hide   = 1,
2195                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2196                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2197         },
2198         {
2199                 .name   = "verifysort",
2200                 .lname  = "Verify sort",
2201                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2202                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort),
2203                 .help   = "Sort written verify blocks for read back",
2204                 .def    = "1",
2205                 .parent = "verify",
2206                 .hide   = 1,
2207                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2208                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2209         },
2210         {
2211                 .name   = "verifysort_nr",
2212                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2213                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort_nr),
2214                 .help   = "Pre-load and sort verify blocks for a read workload",
2215                 .minval = 0,
2216                 .maxval = 131072,
2217                 .def    = "1024",
2218                 .parent = "verify",
2219                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2220                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2221         },
2222         {
2223                 .name   = "verify_interval",
2224                 .lname  = "Verify interval",
2225                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2226                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_interval),
2227                 .minval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2228                 .help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
2229                 .parent = "verify",
2230                 .hide   = 1,
2231                 .interval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2232                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2233                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2234         },
2235         {
2236                 .name   = "verify_offset",
2237                 .lname  = "Verify offset",
2238                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2239                 .help   = "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
2240                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_offset),
2241                 .minval = sizeof(struct verify_header),
2242                 .parent = "verify",
2243                 .hide   = 1,
2244                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2245                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2246         },
2247         {
2248                 .name   = "verify_pattern",
2249                 .lname  = "Verify pattern",
2250                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2251                 .cb     = str_verify_pattern_cb,
2252                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
2253                 .parent = "verify",
2254                 .hide   = 1,
2255                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2256                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2257         },
2258         {
2259                 .name   = "verify_fatal",
2260                 .lname  = "Verify fatal",
2261                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2262                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_fatal),
2263                 .def    = "0",
2264                 .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
2265                 .parent = "verify",
2266                 .hide   = 1,
2267                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2268                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2269         },
2270         {
2271                 .name   = "verify_dump",
2272                 .lname  = "Verify dump",
2273                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2274                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_dump),
2275                 .def    = "0",
2276                 .help   = "Dump contents of good and bad blocks on failure",
2277                 .parent = "verify",
2278                 .hide   = 1,
2279                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2280                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2281         },
2282         {
2283                 .name   = "verify_async",
2284                 .lname  = "Verify asynchronously",
2285                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2286                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_async),
2287                 .def    = "0",
2288                 .help   = "Number of async verifier threads to use",
2289                 .parent = "verify",
2290                 .hide   = 1,
2291                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2292                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2293         },
2294         {
2295                 .name   = "verify_backlog",
2296                 .lname  = "Verify backlog",
2297                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2298                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_backlog),
2299                 .help   = "Verify after this number of blocks are written",
2300                 .parent = "verify",
2301                 .hide   = 1,
2302                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2303                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2304         },
2305         {
2306                 .name   = "verify_backlog_batch",
2307                 .lname  = "Verify backlog batch",
2308                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2309                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_batch),
2310                 .help   = "Verify this number of IO blocks",
2311                 .parent = "verify",
2312                 .hide   = 1,
2313                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2314                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2315         },
2316 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
2317         {
2318                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
2319                 .lname  = "Async verify CPUs",
2320                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2321                 .cb     = str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
2322                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
2323                 .parent = "verify_async",
2324                 .hide   = 1,
2325                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2326                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2327         },
2328 #endif
2329         {
2330                 .name   = "experimental_verify",
2331                 .off1   = td_var_offset(experimental_verify),
2332                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2333                 .help   = "Enable experimental verification",
2334                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2335                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2336         },
2337 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_TRIM
2338         {
2339                 .name   = "trim_percentage",
2340                 .lname  = "Trim percentage",
2341                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2342                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_percentage),
2343                 .minval = 0,
2344                 .maxval = 100,
2345                 .help   = "Number of verify blocks to discard/trim",
2346                 .parent = "verify",
2347                 .def    = "0",
2348                 .interval = 1,
2349                 .hide   = 1,
2350                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2351                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2352         },
2353         {
2354                 .name   = "trim_verify_zero",
2355                 .lname  = "Verify trim zero",
2356                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2357                 .help   = "Verify that trim/discarded blocks are returned as zeroes",
2358                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_zero),
2359                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2360                 .hide   = 1,
2361                 .def    = "1",
2362                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2363                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2364         },
2365         {
2366                 .name   = "trim_backlog",
2367                 .lname  = "Trim backlog",
2368                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2369                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_backlog),
2370                 .help   = "Trim after this number of blocks are written",
2371                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2372                 .hide   = 1,
2373                 .interval = 1,
2374                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2375                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2376         },
2377         {
2378                 .name   = "trim_backlog_batch",
2379                 .lname  = "Trim backlog batch",
2380                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2381                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_batch),
2382                 .help   = "Trim this number of IO blocks",
2383                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2384                 .hide   = 1,
2385                 .interval = 1,
2386                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2387                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2388         },
2389 #endif
2390         {
2391                 .name   = "write_iolog",
2392                 .lname  = "Write I/O log",
2393                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2394                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_iolog_file),
2395                 .help   = "Store IO pattern to file",
2396                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2397                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2398         },
2399         {
2400                 .name   = "read_iolog",
2401                 .lname  = "Read I/O log",
2402                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2403                 .off1   = td_var_offset(read_iolog_file),
2404                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern from file",
2405                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2406                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2407         },
2408         {
2409                 .name   = "replay_no_stall",
2410                 .lname  = "Don't stall on replay",
2411                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2412                 .off1   = td_var_offset(no_stall),
2413                 .def    = "0",
2414                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2415                 .hide   = 1,
2416                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern file as fast as possible without stalls",
2417                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2418                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2419         },
2420         {
2421                 .name   = "replay_redirect",
2422                 .lname  = "Redirect device for replay",
2423                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2424                 .off1   = td_var_offset(replay_redirect),
2425                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2426                 .hide   = 1,
2427                 .help   = "Replay all I/O onto this device, regardless of trace device",
2428                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2429                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2430         },
2431         {
2432                 .name   = "exec_prerun",
2433                 .lname  = "Pre-execute runnable",
2434                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2435                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_prerun),
2436                 .help   = "Execute this file prior to running job",
2437                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2438                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2439         },
2440         {
2441                 .name   = "exec_postrun",
2442                 .lname  = "Post-execute runnable",
2443                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2444                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_postrun),
2445                 .help   = "Execute this file after running job",
2446                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2447                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2448         },
2449 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
2450         {
2451                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
2452                 .lname  = "I/O scheduler",
2453                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2454                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioscheduler),
2455                 .help   = "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
2456                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2457                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2458         },
2459 #endif
2460         {
2461                 .name   = "zonesize",
2462                 .lname  = "Zone size",
2463                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2464                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_size),
2465                 .help   = "Amount of data to read per zone",
2466                 .def    = "0",
2467                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2468                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2469                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2470         },
2471         {
2472                 .name   = "zonerange",
2473                 .lname  = "Zone range",
2474                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2475                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_range),
2476                 .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
2477                 .def    = "0",
2478                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2479                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2480                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2481         },
2482         {
2483                 .name   = "zoneskip",
2484                 .lname  = "Zone skip",
2485                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2486                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_skip),
2487                 .help   = "Space between IO zones",
2488                 .def    = "0",
2489                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2490                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2491                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2492         },
2493         {
2494                 .name   = "lockmem",
2495                 .lname  = "Lock memory",
2496                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2497                 .off1   = td_var_offset(lockmem),
2498                 .help   = "Lock down this amount of memory (per worker)",
2499                 .def    = "0",
2500                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2501                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2502                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2503         },
2504         {
2505                 .name   = "rwmixread",
2506                 .lname  = "Read/write mix read",
2507                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2508                 .cb     = str_rwmix_read_cb,
2509                 .maxval = 100,
2510                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
2511                 .def    = "50",
2512                 .interval = 5,
2513                 .inverse = "rwmixwrite",
2514                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2515                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2516         },
2517         {
2518                 .name   = "rwmixwrite",
2519                 .lname  = "Read/write mix write",
2520                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2521                 .cb     = str_rwmix_write_cb,
2522                 .maxval = 100,
2523                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
2524                 .def    = "50",
2525                 .interval = 5,
2526                 .inverse = "rwmixread",
2527                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2528                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2529         },
2530         {
2531                 .name   = "rwmixcycle",
2532                 .lname  = "Read/write mix cycle",
2533                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
2534                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2535                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2536         },
2537         {
2538                 .name   = "nice",
2539                 .lname  = "Nice",
2540                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2541                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nice),
2542                 .help   = "Set job CPU nice value",
2543                 .minval = -19,
2544                 .maxval = 20,
2545                 .def    = "0",
2546                 .interval = 1,
2547                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2548                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2549         },
2550 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
2551         {
2552                 .name   = "prio",
2553                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority",
2554                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2555                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioprio),
2556                 .help   = "Set job IO priority value",
2557                 .minval = 0,
2558                 .maxval = 7,
2559                 .interval = 1,
2560                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2561                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2562         },
2563         {
2564                 .name   = "prioclass",
2565                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority class",
2566                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2567                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioprio_class),
2568                 .help   = "Set job IO priority class",
2569                 .minval = 0,
2570                 .maxval = 3,
2571                 .interval = 1,
2572                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2573                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2574         },
2575 #endif
2576         {
2577                 .name   = "thinktime",
2578                 .lname  = "Thinktime",
2579                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2580                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime),
2581                 .help   = "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
2582                 .def    = "0",
2583                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2584                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2585         },
2586         {
2587                 .name   = "thinktime_spin",
2588                 .lname  = "Thinktime spin",
2589                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2590                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_spin),
2591                 .help   = "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
2592                 .def    = "0",
2593                 .parent = "thinktime",
2594                 .hide   = 1,
2595                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2596                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2597         },
2598         {
2599                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks",
2600                 .lname  = "Thinktime blocks",
2601                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2602                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_blocks),
2603                 .help   = "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
2604                 .def    = "1",
2605                 .parent = "thinktime",
2606                 .hide   = 1,
2607                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2608                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2609         },
2610         {
2611                 .name   = "rate",
2612                 .lname  = "I/O rate",
2613                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2614                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_READ]),
2615                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_WRITE]),
2616                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_TRIM]),
2617                 .help   = "Set bandwidth rate",
2618                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2619                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2620         },
2621         {
2622                 .name   = "ratemin",
2623                 .lname  = "I/O min rate",
2624                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2625                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_READ]),
2626                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_WRITE]),
2627                 .off3   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_TRIM]),
2628                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
2629                 .parent = "rate",
2630                 .hide   = 1,
2631                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2632                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2633         },
2634         {
2635                 .name   = "rate_iops",
2636                 .lname  = "I/O rate IOPS",
2637                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2638                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_READ]),
2639                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_WRITE]),
2640                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_TRIM]),
2641                 .help   = "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
2642                 .hide   = 1,
2643                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2644                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2645         },
2646         {
2647                 .name   = "rate_iops_min",
2648                 .lname  = "I/O min rate IOPS",
2649                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2650                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_READ]),
2651                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_WRITE]),
2652                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_TRIM]),
2653                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shut down",
2654                 .parent = "rate_iops",
2655                 .hide   = 1,
2656                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2657                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2658         },
2659         {
2660                 .name   = "ratecycle",
2661                 .lname  = "I/O rate cycle",
2662                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2663                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratecycle),
2664                 .help   = "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
2665                 .def    = "1000",
2666                 .parent = "rate",
2667                 .hide   = 1,
2668                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2669                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2670         },
2671         {
2672                 .name   = "max_latency",
2673                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2674                 .off1   = td_var_offset(max_latency),
2675                 .help   = "Maximum tolerated IO latency (usec)",
2676                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2677                 .group = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
2678         },
2679         {
2680                 .name   = "latency_target",
2681                 .lname  = "Latency Target (usec)",
2682                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2683                 .off1   = td_var_offset(latency_target),
2684                 .help   = "Ramp to max queue depth supporting this latency",
2685                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2686                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
2687         },
2688         {
2689                 .name   = "latency_window",
2690                 .lname  = "Latency Window (usec)",
2691                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2692                 .off1   = td_var_offset(latency_window),
2693                 .help   = "Time to sustain latency_target",
2694                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2695                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
2696         },
2697         {
2698                 .name   = "latency_percentile",
2699                 .lname  = "Latency Percentile",
2700                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
2701                 .off1   = td_var_offset(latency_percentile),
2702                 .help   = "Percentile of IOs must be below latency_target",
2703                 .def    = "100",
2704                 .maxlen = 1,
2705                 .minfp  = 0.0,
2706                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
2707                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2708                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
2709         },
2710         {
2711                 .name   = "invalidate",
2712                 .lname  = "Cache invalidate",
2713                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2714                 .off1   = td_var_offset(invalidate_cache),
2715                 .help   = "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
2716                 .def    = "1",
2717                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2718                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2719         },
2720         {
2721                 .name   = "sync",
2722                 .lname  = "Synchronous I/O",
2723                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2724                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_io),
2725                 .help   = "Use O_SYNC for buffered writes",
2726                 .def    = "0",
2727                 .parent = "buffered",
2728                 .hide   = 1,
2729                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2730                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2731         },
2732         {
2733                 .name   = "create_serialize",
2734                 .lname  = "Create serialize",
2735                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2736                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_serialize),
2737                 .help   = "Serialize creating of job files",
2738                 .def    = "1",
2739                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2740                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2741         },
2742         {
2743                 .name   = "create_fsync",
2744                 .lname  = "Create fsync",
2745                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2746                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_fsync),
2747                 .help   = "fsync file after creation",
2748                 .def    = "1",
2749                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2750                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2751         },
2752         {
2753                 .name   = "create_on_open",
2754                 .lname  = "Create on open",
2755                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2756                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_on_open),
2757                 .help   = "Create files when they are opened for IO",
2758                 .def    = "0",
2759                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2760                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2761         },
2762         {
2763                 .name   = "create_only",
2764                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2765                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_only),
2766                 .help   = "Only perform file creation phase",
2767                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2768                 .def    = "0",
2769         },
2770         {
2771                 .name   = "pre_read",
2772                 .lname  = "Pre-read files",
2773                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2774                 .off1   = td_var_offset(pre_read),
2775                 .help   = "Pre-read files before starting official testing",
2776                 .def    = "0",
2777                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2778                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2779         },
2780 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
2781         {
2782                 .name   = "cpumask",
2783                 .lname  = "CPU mask",
2784                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2785                 .cb     = str_cpumask_cb,
2786                 .help   = "CPU affinity mask",
2787                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2788                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2789         },
2790         {
2791                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
2792                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed",
2793                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2794                 .cb     = str_cpus_allowed_cb,
2795                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed",
2796                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2797                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2798         },
2799 #endif
2800 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
2801         {
2802                 .name   = "numa_cpu_nodes",
2803                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2804                 .cb     = str_numa_cpunodes_cb,
2805                 .help   = "NUMA CPU nodes bind",
2806                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2807                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2808         },
2809         {
2810                 .name   = "numa_mem_policy",
2811                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2812                 .cb     = str_numa_mpol_cb,
2813                 .help   = "NUMA memory policy setup",
2814                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2815                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2816         },
2817 #endif
2818         {
2819                 .name   = "end_fsync",
2820                 .lname  = "End fsync",
2821                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2822                 .off1   = td_var_offset(end_fsync),
2823                 .help   = "Include fsync at the end of job",
2824                 .def    = "0",
2825                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2826                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2827         },
2828         {
2829                 .name   = "fsync_on_close",
2830                 .lname  = "Fsync on close",
2831                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2832                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_on_close),
2833                 .help   = "fsync files on close",
2834                 .def    = "0",
2835                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2836                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2837         },
2838         {
2839                 .name   = "unlink",
2840                 .lname  = "Unlink file",
2841                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2842                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unlink),
2843                 .help   = "Unlink created files after job has completed",
2844                 .def    = "0",
2845                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2846                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2847         },
2848         {
2849                 .name   = "exitall",
2850                 .lname  = "Exit-all on terminate",
2851                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2852                 .cb     = str_exitall_cb,
2853                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
2854                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2855                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2856         },
2857         {
2858                 .name   = "stonewall",
2859                 .lname  = "Wait for previous",
2860                 .alias  = "wait_for_previous",
2861                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2862                 .off1   = td_var_offset(stonewall),
2863                 .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
2864                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2865                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2866         },
2867         {
2868                 .name   = "new_group",
2869                 .lname  = "New group",
2870                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2871                 .off1   = td_var_offset(new_group),
2872                 .help   = "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
2873                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2874                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2875         },
2876         {
2877                 .name   = "thread",
2878                 .lname  = "Thread",
2879                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2880                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_thread),
2881                 .help   = "Use threads instead of processes",
2882                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2883                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2884         },
2885         {
2886                 .name   = "write_bw_log",
2887                 .lname  = "Write bandwidth log",
2888                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2889                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_log_file),
2890                 .help   = "Write log of bandwidth during run",
2891                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2892                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2893         },
2894         {
2895                 .name   = "write_lat_log",
2896                 .lname  = "Write latency log",
2897                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2898                 .off1   = td_var_offset(lat_log_file),
2899                 .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
2900                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2901                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2902         },
2903         {
2904                 .name   = "write_iops_log",
2905                 .lname  = "Write IOPS log",
2906                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2907                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_log_file),
2908                 .help   = "Write log of IOPS during run",
2909                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2910                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2911         },
2912         {
2913                 .name   = "log_avg_msec",
2914                 .lname  = "Log averaging (msec)",
2915                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2916                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_avg_msec),
2917                 .help   = "Average bw/iops/lat logs over this period of time",
2918                 .def    = "0",
2919                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2920                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2921         },
2922         {
2923                 .name   = "bwavgtime",
2924                 .lname  = "Bandwidth average time",
2925                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2926                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_avg_time),
2927                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
2928                           " (msec)",
2929                 .def    = "500",
2930                 .parent = "write_bw_log",
2931                 .hide   = 1,
2932                 .interval = 100,
2933                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2934                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2935         },
2936         {
2937                 .name   = "iopsavgtime",
2938                 .lname  = "IOPS average time",
2939                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2940                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_avg_time),
2941                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate IOPS (msec)",
2942                 .def    = "500",
2943                 .parent = "write_iops_log",
2944                 .hide   = 1,
2945                 .interval = 100,
2946                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2947                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2948         },
2949         {
2950                 .name   = "group_reporting",
2951                 .lname  = "Group reporting",
2952                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2953                 .off1   = td_var_offset(group_reporting),
2954                 .help   = "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
2955                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2956                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2957         },
2958         {
2959                 .name   = "zero_buffers",
2960                 .lname  = "Zero I/O buffers",
2961                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2962                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zero_buffers),
2963                 .help   = "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
2964                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2965                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2966         },
2967         {
2968                 .name   = "refill_buffers",
2969                 .lname  = "Refill I/O buffers",
2970                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2971                 .off1   = td_var_offset(refill_buffers),
2972                 .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
2973                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2974                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2975         },
2976         {
2977                 .name   = "scramble_buffers",
2978                 .lname  = "Scramble I/O buffers",
2979                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2980                 .off1   = td_var_offset(scramble_buffers),
2981                 .help   = "Slightly scramble buffers on every IO submit",
2982                 .def    = "1",
2983                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2984                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2985         },
2986         {
2987                 .name   = "buffer_pattern",
2988                 .lname  = "Buffer pattern",
2989                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2990                 .cb     = str_buffer_pattern_cb,
2991                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
2992                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2993                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2994         },
2995         {
2996                 .name   = "buffer_compress_percentage",
2997                 .lname  = "Buffer compression percentage",
2998                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2999                 .off1   = td_var_offset(compress_percentage),
3000                 .maxval = 100,
3001                 .minval = 1,
3002                 .help   = "How compressible the buffer is (approximately)",
3003                 .interval = 5,
3004                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3005                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3006         },
3007         {
3008                 .name   = "buffer_compress_chunk",
3009                 .lname  = "Buffer compression chunk size",
3010                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3011                 .off1   = td_var_offset(compress_chunk),
3012                 .parent = "buffer_compress_percentage",
3013                 .hide   = 1,
3014                 .help   = "Size of compressible region in buffer",
3015                 .interval = 256,
3016                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3017                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3018         },
3019         {
3020                 .name   = "clat_percentiles",
3021                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentiles",
3022                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3023                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clat_percentiles),
3024                 .help   = "Enable the reporting of completion latency percentiles",
3025                 .def    = "1",
3026                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3027                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3028         },
3029         {
3030                 .name   = "percentile_list",
3031                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentile list",
3032                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
3033                 .off1   = td_var_offset(percentile_list),
3034                 .off2   = td_var_offset(percentile_precision),
3035                 .help   = "Specify a custom list of percentiles to report",
3036                 .def    = "1:5:10:20:30:40:50:60:70:80:90:95:99:99.5:99.9:99.95:99.99",
3037                 .maxlen = FIO_IO_U_LIST_MAX_LEN,
3038                 .minfp  = 0.0,
3039                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
3040                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3041                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3042         },
3043
3044 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
3045         {
3046                 .name   = "disk_util",
3047                 .lname  = "Disk utilization",
3048                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3049                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_disk_util),
3050                 .help   = "Log disk utilization statistics",
3051                 .def    = "1",
3052                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3053                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3054         },
3055 #endif
3056         {
3057                 .name   = "gtod_reduce",
3058                 .lname  = "Reduce gettimeofday() calls",
3059                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3060                 .help   = "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
3061                 .cb     = str_gtod_reduce_cb,
3062                 .def    = "0",
3063                 .hide_on_set = 1,
3064                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3065                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3066         },
3067         {
3068                 .name   = "disable_lat",
3069                 .lname  = "Disable all latency stats",
3070                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3071                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_lat),
3072                 .help   = "Disable latency numbers",
3073                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3074                 .hide   = 1,
3075                 .def    = "0",
3076                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3077                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3078         },
3079         {
3080                 .name   = "disable_clat",
3081                 .lname  = "Disable completion latency stats",
3082                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3083                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_clat),
3084                 .help   = "Disable completion latency numbers",
3085                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3086                 .hide   = 1,
3087                 .def    = "0",
3088                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3089                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3090         },
3091         {
3092                 .name   = "disable_slat",
3093                 .lname  = "Disable submission latency stats",
3094                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3095                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_slat),
3096                 .help   = "Disable submission latency numbers",
3097                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3098                 .hide   = 1,
3099                 .def    = "0",
3100                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3101                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3102         },
3103         {
3104                 .name   = "disable_bw_measurement",
3105                 .lname  = "Disable bandwidth stats",
3106                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3107                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_bw),
3108                 .help   = "Disable bandwidth logging",
3109                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3110                 .hide   = 1,
3111                 .def    = "0",
3112                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3113                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3114         },
3115         {
3116                 .name   = "gtod_cpu",
3117                 .lname  = "Dedicated gettimeofday() CPU",
3118                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3119                 .cb     = str_gtod_cpu_cb,
3120                 .help   = "Set up dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
3121                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
3122                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3123                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
3124         },
3125         {
3126                 .name   = "unified_rw_reporting",
3127                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3128                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unified_rw_rep),
3129                 .help   = "Unify reporting across data direction",
3130                 .def    = "0",
3131                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3132                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3133         },
3134         {
3135                 .name   = "continue_on_error",
3136                 .lname  = "Continue on error",
3137                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3138                 .off1   = td_var_offset(continue_on_error),
3139                 .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during IO",
3140                 .def    = "none",
3141                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3142                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3143                 .posval = {
3144                           { .ival = "none",
3145                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
3146                             .help = "Exit when an error is encountered",
3147                           },
3148                           { .ival = "read",
3149                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ,
3150                             .help = "Continue on read errors only",
3151                           },
3152                           { .ival = "write",
3153                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
3154                             .help = "Continue on write errors only",
3155                           },
3156                           { .ival = "io",
3157                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ | ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
3158                             .help = "Continue on any IO errors",
3159                           },
3160                           { .ival = "verify",
3161                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_VERIFY,
3162                             .help = "Continue on verify errors only",
3163                           },
3164                           { .ival = "all",
3165                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
3166                             .help = "Continue on all io and verify errors",
3167                           },
3168                           { .ival = "0",
3169                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
3170                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
3171                           },
3172                           { .ival = "1",
3173                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
3174                             .help = "Alias for 'all'",
3175                           },
3176                 },
3177         },
3178         {
3179                 .name   = "ignore_error",
3180                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3181                 .cb     = str_ignore_error_cb,
3182                 .help   = "Set a specific list of errors to ignore",
3183                 .parent = "rw",
3184                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3185                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3186         },
3187         {
3188                 .name   = "error_dump",
3189                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3190                 .off1   = td_var_offset(error_dump),
3191                 .def    = "0",
3192                 .help   = "Dump info on each error",
3193                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3194                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3195         },
3196         {
3197                 .name   = "profile",
3198                 .lname  = "Profile",
3199                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3200                 .off1   = td_var_offset(profile),
3201                 .help   = "Select a specific builtin performance test",
3202                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
3203                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3204         },
3205         {
3206                 .name   = "cgroup",
3207                 .lname  = "Cgroup",
3208                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3209                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup),
3210                 .help   = "Add job to cgroup of this name",
3211                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3212                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3213         },
3214         {
3215                 .name   = "cgroup_nodelete",
3216                 .lname  = "Cgroup no-delete",
3217                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3218                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_nodelete),
3219                 .help   = "Do not delete cgroups after job completion",
3220                 .def    = "0",
3221                 .parent = "cgroup",
3222                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3223                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3224         },
3225         {
3226                 .name   = "cgroup_weight",
3227                 .lname  = "Cgroup weight",
3228                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3229                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_weight),
3230                 .help   = "Use given weight for cgroup",
3231                 .minval = 100,
3232                 .maxval = 1000,
3233                 .parent = "cgroup",
3234                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3235                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3236         },
3237         {
3238                 .name   = "uid",
3239                 .lname  = "User ID",
3240                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3241                 .off1   = td_var_offset(uid),
3242                 .help   = "Run job with this user ID",
3243                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3244                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3245         },
3246         {
3247                 .name   = "gid",
3248                 .lname  = "Group ID",
3249                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3250                 .off1   = td_var_offset(gid),
3251                 .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
3252                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3253                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3254         },
3255         {
3256                 .name   = "kb_base",
3257                 .lname  = "KB Base",
3258                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3259                 .off1   = td_var_offset(kb_base),
3260                 .prio   = 1,
3261                 .def    = "1024",
3262                 .posval = {
3263                           { .ival = "1024",
3264                             .oval = 1024,
3265                             .help = "Use 1024 as the K base",
3266                           },
3267                           { .ival = "1000",
3268                             .oval = 1000,
3269                             .help = "Use 1000 as the K base",
3270                           },
3271                 },
3272                 .help   = "How many bytes per KB for reporting (1000 or 1024)",
3273                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3274                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3275         },
3276         {
3277                 .name   = "unit_base",
3278                 .lname  = "Base unit for reporting (Bits or Bytes)",
3279                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3280                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unit_base),
3281                 .prio   = 1,
3282                 .posval = {
3283                           { .ival = "0",
3284                             .oval = 0,
3285                             .help = "Auto-detect",
3286                           },
3287                           { .ival = "8",
3288                             .oval = 8,
3289                             .help = "Normal (byte based)",
3290                           },
3291                           { .ival = "1",
3292                             .oval = 1,
3293                             .help = "Bit based",
3294                           },
3295                 },
3296                 .help   = "Bit multiple of result summary data (8 for byte, 1 for bit)",
3297                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3298                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3299         },
3300         {
3301                 .name   = "hugepage-size",
3302                 .lname  = "Hugepage size",
3303                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3304                 .off1   = td_var_offset(hugepage_size),
3305                 .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
3306                 .def    = __fio_stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
3307                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3308                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3309                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3310         },
3311         {
3312                 .name   = "flow_id",
3313                 .lname  = "I/O flow ID",
3314                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3315                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_id),
3316                 .help   = "The flow index ID to use",
3317                 .def    = "0",
3318                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3319                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3320         },
3321         {
3322                 .name   = "flow",
3323                 .lname  = "I/O flow weight",
3324                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3325                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow),
3326                 .help   = "Weight for flow control of this job",
3327                 .parent = "flow_id",
3328                 .hide   = 1,
3329                 .def    = "0",
3330                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3331                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3332         },
3333         {
3334                 .name   = "flow_watermark",
3335                 .lname  = "I/O flow watermark",
3336                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3337                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_watermark),
3338                 .help   = "High watermark for flow control. This option"
3339                         " should be set to the same value for all threads"
3340                         " with non-zero flow.",
3341                 .parent = "flow_id",
3342                 .hide   = 1,
3343                 .def    = "1024",
3344                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3345                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3346         },
3347         {
3348                 .name   = "flow_sleep",
3349                 .lname  = "I/O flow sleep",
3350                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3351                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_sleep),
3352                 .help   = "How many microseconds to sleep after being held"
3353                         " back by the flow control mechanism",
3354                 .parent = "flow_id",
3355                 .hide   = 1,
3356                 .def    = "0",
3357                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3358                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3359         },
3360         {
3361                 .name = NULL,
3362         },
3363 };
3364
3365 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o,
3366                         const char *name, int val)
3367 {
3368         lopt->name = (char *) name;
3369         lopt->val = val;
3370         if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
3371                 lopt->has_arg = optional_argument;
3372         else
3373                 lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
3374 }
3375
3376 static void options_to_lopts(struct fio_option *opts,
3377                               struct option *long_options,
3378                               int i, int option_type)
3379 {
3380         struct fio_option *o = &opts[0];
3381         while (o->name) {
3382                 add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->name, option_type);
3383                 if (o->alias) {
3384                         i++;
3385                         add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->alias, option_type);
3386                 }
3387
3388                 i++;
3389                 o++;
3390                 assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
3391         }
3392 }
3393
3394 void fio_options_set_ioengine_opts(struct option *long_options,
3395                                    struct thread_data *td)
3396 {
3397         unsigned int i;
3398
3399         i = 0;
3400         while (long_options[i].name) {
3401                 if (long_options[i].val == FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE) {
3402                         memset(&long_options[i], 0, sizeof(*long_options));
3403                         break;
3404                 }
3405                 i++;
3406         }
3407
3408         /*
3409          * Just clear out the prior ioengine options.
3410          */
3411         if (!td || !td->eo)
3412                 return;
3413
3414         options_to_lopts(td->io_ops->options, long_options, i,
3415                          FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE);
3416 }
3417
3418 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
3419 {
3420         unsigned int i;
3421
3422         options_init(fio_options);
3423
3424         i = 0;
3425         while (long_options[i].name)
3426                 i++;
3427
3428         options_to_lopts(fio_options, long_options, i, FIO_GETOPT_JOB);
3429 }
3430
3431 struct fio_keyword {
3432         const char *word;
3433         const char *desc;
3434         char *replace;
3435 };
3436
3437 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
3438         {
3439                 .word   = "$pagesize",
3440                 .desc   = "Page size in the system",
3441         },
3442         {
3443                 .word   = "$mb_memory",
3444                 .desc   = "Megabytes of memory online",
3445         },
3446         {
3447                 .word   = "$ncpus",
3448                 .desc   = "Number of CPUs online in the system",
3449         },
3450         {
3451                 .word   = NULL,
3452         },
3453 };
3454
3455 void fio_keywords_init(void)
3456 {
3457         unsigned long long mb_memory;
3458         char buf[128];
3459         long l;
3460
3461         sprintf(buf, "%lu", (unsigned long) page_size);
3462         fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
3463
3464         mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / (1024 * 1024);
3465         sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
3466         fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
3467
3468         l = cpus_online();
3469         sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
3470         fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
3471 }
3472
3473 #define BC_APP          "bc"
3474
3475 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
3476 {
3477         char buf[128], *tmp;
3478         FILE *f;
3479         int ret;
3480
3481         /*
3482          * No math, just return string
3483          */
3484         if ((!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
3485              !strchr(str, '/')) || strchr(str, '\''))
3486                 return str;
3487
3488         /*
3489          * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
3490          */
3491         tmp = strchr(str, '=');
3492         if (!tmp)
3493                 return str;
3494
3495         tmp++;
3496
3497         /*
3498          * Prevent buffer overflows; such a case isn't reasonable anyway
3499          */
3500         if (strlen(str) >= 128 || strlen(tmp) > 100)
3501                 return str;
3502
3503         sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
3504         if (system(buf)) {
3505                 log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
3506                 return NULL;
3507         }
3508
3509         sprintf(buf, "echo '%s' | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
3510         f = popen(buf, "r");
3511         if (!f)
3512                 return NULL;
3513
3514         ret = fread(&buf[tmp - str], 1, 128 - (tmp - str), f);
3515         if (ret <= 0)
3516                 return NULL;
3517
3518         pclose(f);
3519         buf[(tmp - str) + ret - 1] = '\0';
3520         memcpy(buf, str, tmp - str);
3521         free(str);
3522         return strdup(buf);
3523 }
3524
3525 /*
3526  * Return a copy of the input string with substrings of the form ${VARNAME}
3527  * substituted with the value of the environment variable VARNAME.  The
3528  * substitution always occurs, even if VARNAME is empty or the corresponding
3529  * environment variable undefined.
3530  */
3531 static char *option_dup_subs(const char *opt)
3532 {
3533         char out[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
3534         char in[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
3535         char *outptr = out;
3536         char *inptr = in;
3537         char *ch1, *ch2, *env;
3538         ssize_t nchr = OPT_LEN_MAX;
3539         size_t envlen;
3540
3541         if (strlen(opt) + 1 > OPT_LEN_MAX) {
3542                 log_err("OPT_LEN_MAX (%d) is too small\n", OPT_LEN_MAX);
3543                 return NULL;
3544         }
3545
3546         in[OPT_LEN_MAX] = '\0';
3547         strncpy(in, opt, OPT_LEN_MAX);
3548
3549         while (*inptr && nchr > 0) {
3550                 if (inptr[0] == '$' && inptr[1] == '{') {
3551                         ch2 = strchr(inptr, '}');
3552                         if (ch2 && inptr+1 < ch2) {
3553                                 ch1 = inptr+2;
3554                                 inptr = ch2+1;
3555                                 *ch2 = '\0';
3556
3557                                 env = getenv(ch1);
3558                                 if (env) {
3559                                         envlen = strlen(env);
3560                                         if (envlen <= nchr) {
3561                                                 memcpy(outptr, env, envlen);
3562                                                 outptr += envlen;
3563                                                 nchr -= envlen;
3564                                         }
3565                                 }
3566
3567                                 continue;
3568                         }
3569                 }
3570
3571                 *outptr++ = *inptr++;
3572                 --nchr;
3573         }
3574
3575         *outptr = '\0';
3576         return strdup(out);
3577 }
3578
3579 /*
3580  * Look for reserved variable names and replace them with real values
3581  */
3582 static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
3583 {
3584         char *s;
3585         int i;
3586         int docalc = 0;
3587
3588         for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
3589                 struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
3590
3591                 while ((s = strstr(opt, kw->word)) != NULL) {
3592                         char *new = malloc(strlen(opt) + 1);
3593                         char *o_org = opt;
3594                         int olen = s - opt;
3595                         int len;
3596
3597                         /*
3598                          * Copy part of the string before the keyword and
3599                          * sprintf() the replacement after it.
3600                          */
3601                         memcpy(new, opt, olen);
3602                         len = sprintf(new + olen, "%s", kw->replace);
3603
3604                         /*
3605                          * If there's more in the original string, copy that
3606                          * in too
3607                          */
3608                         opt += strlen(kw->word) + olen;
3609                         if (strlen(opt))
3610                                 memcpy(new + olen + len, opt, opt - o_org - 1);
3611
3612                         /*
3613                          * replace opt and free the old opt
3614                          */
3615                         opt = new;
3616                         free(o_org);
3617
3618                         docalc = 1;
3619                 }
3620         }
3621
3622         /*
3623          * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
3624          */
3625         if (docalc)
3626                 opt = bc_calc(opt);
3627
3628         return opt;
3629 }
3630
3631 static char **dup_and_sub_options(char **opts, int num_opts)
3632 {
3633         int i;
3634         char **opts_copy = malloc(num_opts * sizeof(*opts));
3635         for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
3636                 opts_copy[i] = option_dup_subs(opts[i]);
3637                 if (!opts_copy[i])
3638                         continue;
3639                 opts_copy[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts_copy[i]);
3640         }
3641         return opts_copy;
3642 }
3643
3644 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts,
3645                         int dump_cmdline)
3646 {
3647         int i, ret, unknown;
3648         char **opts_copy;
3649
3650         sort_options(opts, fio_options, num_opts);
3651         opts_copy = dup_and_sub_options(opts, num_opts);
3652
3653         for (ret = 0, i = 0, unknown = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
3654                 struct fio_option *o;
3655                 int newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i], fio_options,
3656                                                 &o, td, dump_cmdline);
3657
3658                 if (opts_copy[i]) {
3659                         if (newret && !o) {
3660                                 unknown++;
3661                                 continue;
3662                         }
3663                         free(opts_copy[i]);
3664                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
3665                 }
3666
3667                 ret |= newret;
3668         }
3669
3670         if (unknown) {
3671                 ret |= ioengine_load(td);
3672                 if (td->eo) {
3673                         sort_options(opts_copy, td->io_ops->options, num_opts);
3674                         opts = opts_copy;
3675                 }
3676                 for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
3677                         struct fio_option *o = NULL;
3678                         int newret = 1;
3679                         if (!opts_copy[i])
3680                                 continue;
3681
3682                         if (td->eo)
3683                                 newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i],
3684                                                       td->io_ops->options, &o,
3685                                                       td->eo, dump_cmdline);
3686
3687                         ret |= newret;
3688                         if (!o)
3689                                 log_err("Bad option <%s>\n", opts[i]);
3690
3691                         free(opts_copy[i]);
3692                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
3693                 }
3694         }
3695
3696         free(opts_copy);
3697         return ret;
3698 }
3699
3700 int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
3701 {
3702         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, fio_options, td);
3703 }
3704
3705 int fio_cmd_ioengine_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt,
3706                                 char *val)
3707 {
3708         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, td->io_ops->options, td->eo);
3709 }
3710
3711 void fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data *td)
3712 {
3713         fill_default_options(td, fio_options);
3714 }
3715
3716 int fio_show_option_help(const char *opt)
3717 {
3718         return show_cmd_help(fio_options, opt);
3719 }
3720
3721 void options_mem_dupe(void *data, struct fio_option *options)
3722 {
3723         struct fio_option *o;
3724         char **ptr;
3725
3726         for (o = &options[0]; o->name; o++) {
3727                 if (o->type != FIO_OPT_STR_STORE)
3728                         continue;
3729
3730                 ptr = td_var(data, o->off1);
3731                 if (*ptr)
3732                         *ptr = strdup(*ptr);
3733         }
3734 }
3735
3736 /*
3737  * dupe FIO_OPT_STR_STORE options
3738  */
3739 void fio_options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
3740 {
3741         options_mem_dupe(&td->o, fio_options);
3742
3743         if (td->eo && td->io_ops) {
3744                 void *oldeo = td->eo;
3745
3746                 td->eo = malloc(td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
3747                 memcpy(td->eo, oldeo, td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
3748                 options_mem_dupe(td->eo, td->io_ops->options);
3749         }
3750 }
3751
3752 unsigned int fio_get_kb_base(void *data)
3753 {
3754         struct thread_options *o = data;
3755         unsigned int kb_base = 0;
3756
3757         if (o)
3758                 kb_base = o->kb_base;
3759         if (!kb_base)
3760                 kb_base = 1024;
3761
3762         return kb_base;
3763 }
3764
3765 int add_option(struct fio_option *o)
3766 {
3767         struct fio_option *__o;
3768         int opt_index = 0;
3769
3770         __o = fio_options;
3771         while (__o->name) {
3772                 opt_index++;
3773                 __o++;
3774         }
3775
3776         memcpy(&fio_options[opt_index], o, sizeof(*o));
3777         return 0;
3778 }
3779
3780 void invalidate_profile_options(const char *prof_name)
3781 {
3782         struct fio_option *o;
3783
3784         o = fio_options;
3785         while (o->name) {
3786                 if (o->prof_name && !strcmp(o->prof_name, prof_name)) {
3787                         o->type = FIO_OPT_INVALID;
3788                         o->prof_name = NULL;
3789                 }
3790                 o++;
3791         }
3792 }
3793
3794 void add_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival, const char *help)
3795 {
3796         struct fio_option *o;
3797         unsigned int i;
3798
3799         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
3800         if (!o)
3801                 return;
3802
3803         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
3804                 if (o->posval[i].ival)
3805                         continue;
3806
3807                 o->posval[i].ival = ival;
3808                 o->posval[i].help = help;
3809                 break;
3810         }
3811 }
3812
3813 void del_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival)
3814 {
3815         struct fio_option *o;
3816         unsigned int i;
3817
3818         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
3819         if (!o)
3820                 return;
3821
3822         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
3823                 if (!o->posval[i].ival)
3824                         continue;
3825                 if (strcmp(o->posval[i].ival, ival))
3826                         continue;
3827
3828                 o->posval[i].ival = NULL;
3829                 o->posval[i].help = NULL;
3830         }
3831 }
3832
3833 void fio_options_free(struct thread_data *td)
3834 {
3835         options_free(fio_options, td);
3836         if (td->eo && td->io_ops && td->io_ops->options) {
3837                 options_free(td->io_ops->options, td->eo);
3838                 free(td->eo);
3839                 td->eo = NULL;
3840         }
3841 }
3842
3843 struct fio_option *fio_option_find(const char *name)
3844 {
3845         return find_option(fio_options, name);
3846 }
3847