options.c

   1 #include <stdio.h>
   2 #include <stdlib.h>
   3 #include <unistd.h>
   4 #include <ctype.h>
   5 #include <string.h>
   6 #include <assert.h>
   7 #include <libgen.h>
   8 #include <fcntl.h>
   9 #include <sys/types.h>
  10 #include <sys/stat.h>
  11
  12 #include "fio.h"
  13 #include "verify.h"
  14 #include "parse.h"
  15 #include "lib/fls.h"
  16 #include "options.h"
  17
  18 #include "crc/crc32c.h"
  19
  20 /*
  21  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
  22  */
  23 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
  24 {
  25         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
  26
  27         if (!p)
  28                 return NULL;
  29
  30         p++;
  31         strip_blank_front(&p);
  32         strip_blank_end(p);
  33         return strdup(p);
  34 }
  35
  36 static int converthexchartoint(char a)
  37 {
  38         int base;
  39
  40         switch (a) {
  41         case '0'...'9':
  42                 base = '0';
  43                 break;
  44         case 'A'...'F':
  45                 base = 'A' - 10;
  46                 break;
  47         case 'a'...'f':
  48                 base = 'a' - 10;
  49                 break;
  50         default:
  51                 base = 0;
  52         }
  53         return a - base;
  54 }
  55
  56 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  57 {
  58         const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
  59         const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
  60
  61         return bsp1->perc < bsp2->perc;
  62 }
  63
  64 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_options *o, int ddir, char *str)
  65 {
  66         struct bssplit *bssplit;
  67         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
  68         unsigned int max_bs, min_bs;
  69         long long val;
  70         char *fname;
  71
  72         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] = 4;
  73         bssplit = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  74
  75         i = 0;
  76         max_bs = 0;
  77         min_bs = -1;
  78         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
  79                 char *perc_str;
  80
  81                 if (!strlen(fname))
  82                         break;
  83
  84                 /*
  85                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
  86                  */
  87                 if (i == o->bssplit_nr[ddir]) {
  88                         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] <<= 1;
  89                         bssplit = realloc(bssplit, o->bssplit_nr[ddir]
  90                                                   * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  91                 }
  92
  93                 perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
  94                 if (perc_str) {
  95                         *perc_str = '\0';
  96                         perc_str++;
  97                         perc = atoi(perc_str);
  98                         if (perc > 100)
  99                                 perc = 100;
 100                         else if (!perc)
 101                                 perc = -1;
 102                 } else
 103                         perc = -1;
 104
 105                 if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, o)) {
 106                         log_err("fio: bssplit conversion failed\n");
 107                         free(o->bssplit);
 108                         return 1;
 109                 }
 110
 111                 if (val > max_bs)
 112                         max_bs = val;
 113                 if (val < min_bs)
 114                         min_bs = val;
 115
 116                 bssplit[i].bs = val;
 117                 bssplit[i].perc = perc;
 118                 i++;
 119         }
 120
 121         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] = i;
 122
 123         /*
 124          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 125          */
 126         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 127         for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 128                 struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 129
 130                 if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 131                         perc_missing++;
 132                 else
 133                         perc += bsp->perc;
 134         }
 135
 136         if (perc > 100) {
 137                 log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 138                 free(bssplit);
 139                 return 1;
 140         }
 141         /*
 142          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 143          * them.
 144          */
 145         if (perc_missing) {
 146                 for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 147                         struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 148
 149                         if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 150                                 bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 151                 }
 152         }
 153
 154         o->min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
 155         o->max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
 156
 157         /*
 158          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 159          */
 160         qsort(bssplit, o->bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
 161         o->bssplit[ddir] = bssplit;
 162         return 0;
 163 }
 164
 165 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 166 {
 167         struct thread_data *td = data;
 168         char *str, *p, *odir, *ddir;
 169         int ret = 0;
 170
 171         p = str = strdup(input);
 172
 173         strip_blank_front(&str);
 174         strip_blank_end(str);
 175
 176         odir = strchr(str, ',');
 177         if (odir) {
 178                 ddir = strchr(odir + 1, ',');
 179                 if (ddir) {
 180                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, ddir + 1);
 181                         if (!ret)
 182                                 *ddir = '\0';
 183                 } else {
 184                         char *op;
 185
 186                         op = strdup(odir + 1);
 187                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 188
 189                         free(op);
 190                 }
 191                 if (!ret)
 192                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1);
 193                 if (!ret) {
 194                         *odir = '\0';
 195                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
 196                 }
 197         } else {
 198                 char *op;
 199
 200                 op = strdup(str);
 201                 ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, op);
 202                 free(op);
 203
 204                 if (!ret) {
 205                         op = strdup(str);
 206                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 207                         free(op);
 208                 }
 209                 ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
 210         }
 211
 212         free(p);
 213         return ret;
 214 }
 215
 216 static int str2error(char *str)
 217 {
 218         const char *err[] = { "EPERM", "ENOENT", "ESRCH", "EINTR", "EIO",
 219                             "ENXIO", "E2BIG", "ENOEXEC", "EBADF",
 220                             "ECHILD", "EAGAIN", "ENOMEM", "EACCES",
 221                             "EFAULT", "ENOTBLK", "EBUSY", "EEXIST",
 222                             "EXDEV", "ENODEV", "ENOTDIR", "EISDIR",
 223                             "EINVAL", "ENFILE", "EMFILE", "ENOTTY",
 224                             "ETXTBSY","EFBIG", "ENOSPC", "ESPIPE",
 225                             "EROFS","EMLINK", "EPIPE", "EDOM", "ERANGE" };
 226         int i = 0, num = sizeof(err) / sizeof(void *);
 227
 228         while (i < num) {
 229                 if (!strcmp(err[i], str))
 230                         return i + 1;
 231                 i++;
 232         }
 233         return 0;
 234 }
 235
 236 static int ignore_error_type(struct thread_data *td, int etype, char *str)
 237 {
 238         unsigned int i;
 239         int *error;
 240         char *fname;
 241
 242         if (etype >= ERROR_TYPE_CNT) {
 243                 log_err("Illegal error type\n");
 244                 return 1;
 245         }
 246
 247         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = 4;
 248         error = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
 249
 250         i = 0;
 251         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
 252
 253                 if (!strlen(fname))
 254                         break;
 255
 256                 /*
 257                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
 258                  */
 259                 if (i == td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]) {
 260                         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] <<= 1;
 261                         error = realloc(error, td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]
 262                                                   * sizeof(int));
 263                 }
 264                 if (fname[0] == 'E') {
 265                         error[i] = str2error(fname);
 266                 } else {
 267                         error[i] = atoi(fname);
 268                         if (error[i] < 0)
 269                                 error[i] = error[i];
 270                 }
 271                 if (!error[i]) {
 272                         log_err("Unknown error %s, please use number value \n",
 273                                   fname);
 274                         return 1;
 275                 }
 276                 i++;
 277         }
 278         if (i) {
 279                 td->o.continue_on_error |= 1 << etype;
 280                 td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = i;
 281                 td->o.ignore_error[etype] = error;
 282         }
 283         return 0;
 284
 285 }
 286
 287 static int str_ignore_error_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 288 {
 289         struct thread_data *td = data;
 290         char *str, *p, *n;
 291         int type = 0, ret = 1;
 292         p = str = strdup(input);
 293
 294         strip_blank_front(&str);
 295         strip_blank_end(str);
 296
 297         while (p) {
 298                 n = strchr(p, ',');
 299                 if (n)
 300                         *n++ = '\0';
 301                 ret = ignore_error_type(td, type, p);
 302                 if (ret)
 303                         break;
 304                 p = n;
 305                 type++;
 306         }
 307         free(str);
 308         return ret;
 309 }
 310
 311 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 312 {
 313         struct thread_data *td = data;
 314         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
 315         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 316
 317         o->ddir_seq_nr = 1;
 318         o->ddir_seq_add = 0;
 319
 320         if (!nr)
 321                 return 0;
 322
 323         if (td_random(td))
 324                 o->ddir_seq_nr = atoi(nr);
 325         else {
 326                 long long val;
 327
 328                 if (str_to_decimal(nr, &val, 1, o)) {
 329                         log_err("fio: rw postfix parsing failed\n");
 330                         free(nr);
 331                         return 1;
 332                 }
 333
 334                 o->ddir_seq_add = val;
 335         }
 336
 337         free(nr);
 338         return 0;
 339 }
 340
 341 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 342 {
 343         struct thread_data *td = data;
 344         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
 345
 346         if (o->mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || o->mem_type == MEM_MMAP) {
 347                 o->mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
 348                 if (o->mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE && !o->mmapfile) {
 349                         log_err("fio: mmaphuge:/path/to/file\n");
 350                         return 1;
 351                 }
 352         }
 353
 354         return 0;
 355 }
 356
 357 static int fio_clock_source_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 358 {
 359         struct thread_data *td = data;
 360
 361         fio_clock_source = td->o.clocksource;
 362         fio_time_init();
 363         return 0;
 364 }
 365
 366 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 367 {
 368         struct thread_data *td = data;
 369
 370         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
 371         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
 372         return 0;
 373 }
 374
 375 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 376 {
 377         struct thread_data *td = data;
 378
 379         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
 380         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
 381         return 0;
 382 }
 383
 384 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
 385 {
 386         exitall_on_terminate = 1;
 387         return 0;
 388 }
 389
 390 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 391 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 392 {
 393         struct thread_data *td = data;
 394         unsigned int i;
 395         long max_cpu;
 396         int ret;
 397
 398         ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
 399         if (ret < 0) {
 400                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 401                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 402                 return 1;
 403         }
 404
 405         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 406
 407         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
 408                 if ((1 << i) & *val) {
 409                         if (i > max_cpu) {
 410                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
 411                                                                 max_cpu);
 412                                 return 1;
 413                         }
 414                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
 415                         fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
 416                 }
 417         }
 418
 419         td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 420         return 0;
 421 }
 422
 423 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
 424                             const char *input)
 425 {
 426         char *cpu, *str, *p;
 427         long max_cpu;
 428         int ret = 0;
 429
 430         ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
 431         if (ret < 0) {
 432                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 433                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 434                 return 1;
 435         }
 436
 437         p = str = strdup(input);
 438
 439         strip_blank_front(&str);
 440         strip_blank_end(str);
 441
 442         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 443
 444         while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
 445                 char *str2, *cpu2;
 446                 int icpu, icpu2;
 447
 448                 if (!strlen(cpu))
 449                         break;
 450
 451                 str2 = cpu;
 452                 icpu2 = -1;
 453                 while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
 454                         if (!strlen(cpu2))
 455                                 break;
 456
 457                         icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
 458                 }
 459
 460                 icpu = atoi(cpu);
 461                 if (icpu2 == -1)
 462                         icpu2 = icpu;
 463                 while (icpu <= icpu2) {
 464                         if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
 465                                 log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
 466                                         " %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
 467                                 ret = 1;
 468                                 break;
 469                         }
 470                         if (icpu > max_cpu) {
 471                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
 472                                                         icpu, max_cpu);
 473                                 ret = 1;
 474                                 break;
 475                         }
 476
 477                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
 478                         fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
 479                         icpu++;
 480                 }
 481                 if (ret)
 482                         break;
 483         }
 484
 485         free(p);
 486         if (!ret)
 487                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 488         return ret;
 489 }
 490
 491 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 492 {
 493         struct thread_data *td = data;
 494         int ret;
 495
 496         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
 497         if (!ret)
 498                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 499
 500         return ret;
 501 }
 502
 503 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 504 {
 505         struct thread_data *td = data;
 506         int ret;
 507
 508         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
 509         if (!ret)
 510                 td->o.verify_cpumask_set = 1;
 511
 512         return ret;
 513 }
 514 #endif
 515
 516 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 517 {
 518         struct thread_data *td = data;
 519         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 520
 521         td->file_service_nr = 1;
 522         if (nr) {
 523                 td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
 524                 free(nr);
 525         }
 526
 527         return 0;
 528 }
 529
 530 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
 531 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 532 {
 533         struct thread_data *td = data;
 534         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 535
 536         td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
 537         if (nr) {
 538                 td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
 539                 free(nr);
 540         }
 541
 542         return 0;
 543 }
 544 #endif
 545
 546 /*
 547  * Return next file in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
 548  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
 549  * indicate a new file.
 550  */
 551 static char *get_next_file_name(char **ptr)
 552 {
 553         char *str = *ptr;
 554         char *p, *start;
 555
 556         if (!str || !strlen(str))
 557                 return NULL;
 558
 559         start = str;
 560         do {
 561                 /*
 562                  * No colon, we are done
 563                  */
 564                 p = strchr(str, ':');
 565                 if (!p) {
 566                         *ptr = NULL;
 567                         break;
 568                 }
 569
 570                 /*
 571                  * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
 572                  * continue
 573                  */
 574                 if (p == start) {
 575                         str = ++start;
 576                         continue;
 577                 }
 578
 579                 if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
 580                         *p = '\0';
 581                         *ptr = p + 1;
 582                         break;
 583                 }
 584
 585                 memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
 586                 str = p;
 587         } while (1);
 588
 589         return start;
 590 }
 591
 592 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 593 {
 594         struct thread_data *td = data;
 595         char *fname, *str, *p;
 596
 597         p = str = strdup(input);
 598
 599         strip_blank_front(&str);
 600         strip_blank_end(str);
 601
 602         if (!td->files_index)
 603                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 604
 605         while ((fname = get_next_file_name(&str)) != NULL) {
 606                 if (!strlen(fname))
 607                         break;
 608                 add_file(td, fname);
 609                 td->o.nr_files++;
 610         }
 611
 612         free(p);
 613         return 0;
 614 }
 615
 616 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 617 {
 618         struct thread_data *td = data;
 619         struct stat sb;
 620
 621         if (lstat(td->o.directory, &sb) < 0) {
 622                 int ret = errno;
 623
 624                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 625                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 626                 return 1;
 627         }
 628         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 629                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 630                 return 1;
 631         }
 632
 633         return 0;
 634 }
 635
 636 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 637 {
 638         struct thread_data *td = data;
 639
 640         if (!td->files_index)
 641                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 642
 643         return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
 644 }
 645
 646 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 647 {
 648         struct thread_data *td = data;
 649         long off;
 650         int i = 0, j = 0, len, k, base = 10;
 651         char *loc1, *loc2;
 652
 653         loc1 = strstr(input, "0x");
 654         loc2 = strstr(input, "0X");
 655         if (loc1 || loc2)
 656                 base = 16;
 657         off = strtol(input, NULL, base);
 658         if (off != LONG_MAX || errno != ERANGE) {
 659                 while (off) {
 660                         td->o.verify_pattern[i] = off & 0xff;
 661                         off >>= 8;
 662                         i++;
 663                 }
 664         } else {
 665                 len = strlen(input);
 666                 k = len - 1;
 667                 if (base == 16) {
 668                         if (loc1)
 669                                 j = loc1 - input + 2;
 670                         else
 671                                 j = loc2 - input + 2;
 672                 } else
 673                         return 1;
 674                 if (len - j < MAX_PATTERN_SIZE * 2) {
 675                         while (k >= j) {
 676                                 off = converthexchartoint(input[k--]);
 677                                 if (k >= j)
 678                                         off += (converthexchartoint(input[k--])
 679                                                 * 16);
 680                                 td->o.verify_pattern[i++] = (char) off;
 681                         }
 682                 }
 683         }
 684
 685         /*
 686          * Fill the pattern all the way to the end. This greatly reduces
 687          * the number of memcpy's we have to do when verifying the IO.
 688          */
 689         while (i > 1 && i * 2 <= MAX_PATTERN_SIZE) {
 690                 memcpy(&td->o.verify_pattern[i], &td->o.verify_pattern[0], i);
 691                 i *= 2;
 692         }
 693         if (i == 1) {
 694                 /*
 695                  * The code in verify_io_u_pattern assumes a single byte pattern
 696                  * fills the whole verify pattern buffer.
 697                  */
 698                 memset(td->o.verify_pattern, td->o.verify_pattern[0],
 699                        MAX_PATTERN_SIZE);
 700         }
 701
 702         td->o.verify_pattern_bytes = i;
 703
 704         /*
 705          * VERIFY_META could already be set
 706          */
 707         if (td->o.verify == VERIFY_NONE)
 708                 td->o.verify = VERIFY_PATTERN;
 709
 710         return 0;
 711 }
 712
 713 static int str_lockfile_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 714 {
 715         struct thread_data *td = data;
 716         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 717
 718         td->o.lockfile_batch = 1;
 719         if (nr) {
 720                 td->o.lockfile_batch = atoi(nr);
 721                 free(nr);
 722         }
 723
 724         return 0;
 725 }
 726
 727 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
 728 {
 729         struct thread_data *td = data;
 730         int val = *il;
 731
 732         td->o.disable_lat = !!val;
 733         td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
 734         td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
 735         td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
 736         td->o.clat_percentiles = !val;
 737         if (val)
 738                 td->tv_cache_mask = 63;
 739
 740         return 0;
 741 }
 742
 743 static int str_gtod_cpu_cb(void *data, long long *il)
 744 {
 745         struct thread_data *td = data;
 746         int val = *il;
 747
 748         td->o.gtod_cpu = val;
 749         td->o.gtod_offload = 1;
 750         return 0;
 751 }
 752
 753 static int str_size_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *__val)
 754 {
 755         struct thread_data *td = data;
 756         unsigned long long v = *__val;
 757
 758         if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
 759                 td->o.size = 0;
 760                 td->o.size_percent = -1ULL - v;
 761         } else
 762                 td->o.size = v;
 763
 764         return 0;
 765 }
 766
 767 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 768 {
 769         struct thread_data *td = data;
 770
 771         if (read_only && td_write(td)) {
 772                 log_err("fio: job <%s> has write bit set, but fio is in"
 773                         " read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
 774                 return 1;
 775         }
 776
 777         return 0;
 778 }
 779
 780 static int gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 781 {
 782 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 783         struct thread_data *td = data;
 784
 785         if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
 786                 log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
 787                         "gettimeofday() offloading\n");
 788                 return 1;
 789         }
 790 #endif
 791
 792         return 0;
 793 }
 794
 795 static int kb_base_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 796 {
 797         struct thread_data *td = data;
 798
 799         if (td->o.kb_base != 1024 && td->o.kb_base != 1000) {
 800                 log_err("fio: kb_base set to nonsensical value: %u\n",
 801                                 td->o.kb_base);
 802                 return 1;
 803         }
 804
 805         return 0;
 806 }
 807
 808 /*
 809  * Option grouping
 810  */
 811 static struct opt_group fio_opt_groups[] = {
 812         {
 813                 .name   = "General",
 814                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
 815         },
 816         {
 817                 .name   = "I/O",
 818                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
 819         },
 820         {
 821                 .name   = "File",
 822                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
 823         },
 824         {
 825                 .name   = "Statistics",
 826                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
 827         },
 828         {
 829                 .name   = "Logging",
 830                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
 831         },
 832         {
 833                 .name   = "Profiles",
 834                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
 835         },
 836         {
 837                 .name   = NULL,
 838         },
 839 };
 840
 841 static struct opt_group *__opt_group_from_mask(struct opt_group *ogs, unsigned int *mask,
 842                                                unsigned int inv_mask)
 843 {
 844         struct opt_group *og;
 845         int i;
 846
 847         if (*mask == inv_mask || !*mask)
 848                 return NULL;
 849
 850         for (i = 0; ogs[i].name; i++) {
 851                 og = &ogs[i];
 852
 853                 if (*mask & og->mask) {
 854                         *mask &= ~(og->mask);
 855                         return og;
 856                 }
 857         }
 858
 859         return NULL;
 860 }
 861
 862 struct opt_group *opt_group_from_mask(unsigned int *mask)
 863 {
 864         return __opt_group_from_mask(fio_opt_groups, mask, FIO_OPT_C_INVALID);
 865 }
 866
 867 static struct opt_group fio_opt_cat_groups[] = {
 868         {
 869                 .name   = "Rate",
 870                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
 871         },
 872         {
 873                 .name   = "Zone",
 874                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
 875         },
 876         {
 877                 .name   = "Read/write mix",
 878                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
 879         },
 880         {
 881                 .name   = "Verify",
 882                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
 883         },
 884         {
 885                 .name   = "Trim",
 886                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
 887         },
 888         {
 889                 .name   = "I/O Logging",
 890                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
 891         },
 892         {
 893                 .name   = "I/O Depth",
 894                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_DEPTH,
 895         },
 896         {
 897                 .name   = "I/O Flow",
 898                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
 899         },
 900         {
 901                 .name   = "Description",
 902                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
 903         },
 904         {
 905                 .name   = "Filename",
 906                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
 907         },
 908         {
 909                 .name   = "General I/O",
 910                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
 911         },
 912         {
 913                 .name   = "Cgroups",
 914                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
 915         },
 916         {
 917                 .name   = "Runtime",
 918                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
 919         },
 920         {
 921                 .name   = "Process",
 922                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
 923         },
 924         {
 925                 .name   = "Job credentials / priority",
 926                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
 927         },
 928         {
 929                 .name   = "Clock settings",
 930                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
 931         },
 932         {
 933                 .name   = "I/O Type",
 934                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
 935         },
 936         {
 937                 .name   = "I/O Thinktime",
 938                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
 939         },
 940         {
 941                 .name   = "Randomizations",
 942                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
 943         },
 944         {
 945                 .name   = "I/O buffers",
 946                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
 947         },
 948         {
 949                 .name   = "Tiobench profile",
 950                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_TIOBENCH,
 951         },
 952
 953         {
 954                 .name   = NULL,
 955         }
 956 };
 957
 958 struct opt_group *opt_group_cat_from_mask(unsigned int *mask)
 959 {
 960         return __opt_group_from_mask(fio_opt_cat_groups, mask, FIO_OPT_G_INVALID);
 961 }
 962
 963 /*
 964  * Map of job/command line options
 965  */
 966 struct fio_option fio_options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
 967         {
 968                 .name   = "description",
 969                 .lname  = "Description of job",
 970                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 971                 .off1   = td_var_offset(description),
 972                 .help   = "Text job description",
 973                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
 974                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
 975         },
 976         {
 977                 .name   = "name",
 978                 .lname  = "Job name",
 979                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 980                 .off1   = td_var_offset(name),
 981                 .help   = "Name of this job",
 982                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
 983                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
 984         },
 985         {
 986                 .name   = "filename",
 987                 .lname  = "Filename(s)",
 988                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 989                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename),
 990                 .cb     = str_filename_cb,
 991                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
 992                 .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
 993                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
 994                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
 995         },
 996         {
 997                 .name   = "directory",
 998                 .lname  = "Directory",
 999                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1000                 .off1   = td_var_offset(directory),
1001                 .cb     = str_directory_cb,
1002                 .help   = "Directory to store files in",
1003                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1004                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1005         },
1006         {
1007                 .name   = "lockfile",
1008                 .lname  = "Lockfile",
1009                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1010                 .cb     = str_lockfile_cb,
1011                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_lock_mode),
1012                 .help   = "Lock file when doing IO to it",
1013                 .parent = "filename",
1014                 .hide   = 0,
1015                 .def    = "none",
1016                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1017                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1018                 .posval = {
1019                           { .ival = "none",
1020                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
1021                             .help = "No file locking",
1022                           },
1023                           { .ival = "exclusive",
1024                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
1025                             .help = "Exclusive file lock",
1026                           },
1027                           {
1028                             .ival = "readwrite",
1029                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
1030                             .help = "Read vs write lock",
1031                           },
1032                 },
1033         },
1034         {
1035                 .name   = "opendir",
1036                 .lname  = "Open directory",
1037                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1038                 .off1   = td_var_offset(opendir),
1039                 .cb     = str_opendir_cb,
1040                 .help   = "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
1041                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1042                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1043         },
1044         {
1045                 .name   = "rw",
1046                 .lname  = "Read/write",
1047                 .alias  = "readwrite",
1048                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1049                 .cb     = str_rw_cb,
1050                 .off1   = td_var_offset(td_ddir),
1051                 .help   = "IO direction",
1052                 .def    = "read",
1053                 .verify = rw_verify,
1054                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1055                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1056                 .posval = {
1057                           { .ival = "read",
1058                             .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
1059                             .help = "Sequential read",
1060                           },
1061                           { .ival = "write",
1062                             .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
1063                             .help = "Sequential write",
1064                           },
1065                           { .ival = "trim",
1066                             .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIM,
1067                             .help = "Sequential trim",
1068                           },
1069                           { .ival = "randread",
1070                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
1071                             .help = "Random read",
1072                           },
1073                           { .ival = "randwrite",
1074                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
1075                             .help = "Random write",
1076                           },
1077                           { .ival = "randtrim",
1078                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDTRIM,
1079                             .help = "Random trim",
1080                           },
1081                           { .ival = "rw",
1082                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1083                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1084                           },
1085                           { .ival = "readwrite",
1086                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1087                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1088                           },
1089                           { .ival = "randrw",
1090                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
1091                             .help = "Random read and write mix"
1092                           },
1093                 },
1094         },
1095         {
1096                 .name   = "rw_sequencer",
1097                 .lname  = "RW Sequencer",
1098                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1099                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rw_seq),
1100                 .help   = "IO offset generator modifier",
1101                 .def    = "sequential",
1102                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1103                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1104                 .posval = {
1105                           { .ival = "sequential",
1106                             .oval = RW_SEQ_SEQ,
1107                             .help = "Generate sequential offsets",
1108                           },
1109                           { .ival = "identical",
1110                             .oval = RW_SEQ_IDENT,
1111                             .help = "Generate identical offsets",
1112                           },
1113                 },
1114         },
1115
1116         {
1117                 .name   = "ioengine",
1118                 .lname  = "IO Engine",
1119                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1120                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioengine),
1121                 .help   = "IO engine to use",
1122                 .def    = FIO_PREFERRED_ENGINE,
1123                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1124                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1125                 .posval = {
1126                           { .ival = "sync",
1127                             .help = "Use read/write",
1128                           },
1129                           { .ival = "psync",
1130                             .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
1131                           },
1132                           { .ival = "vsync",
1133                             .help = "Use readv/writev",
1134                           },
1135 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_LIBAIO
1136                           { .ival = "libaio",
1137                             .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
1138                           },
1139 #endif
1140 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_POSIXAIO
1141                           { .ival = "posixaio",
1142                             .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
1143                           },
1144 #endif
1145 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SOLARISAIO
1146                           { .ival = "solarisaio",
1147                             .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
1148                           },
1149 #endif
1150 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_WINDOWSAIO
1151                           { .ival = "windowsaio",
1152                             .help = "Windows native asynchronous IO"
1153                           },
1154 #endif
1155                           { .ival = "mmap",
1156                             .help = "Memory mapped IO"
1157                           },
1158 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SPLICE
1159                           { .ival = "splice",
1160                             .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
1161                           },
1162                           { .ival = "netsplice",
1163                             .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
1164                           },
1165 #endif
1166 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
1167                           { .ival = "sg",
1168                             .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
1169                           },
1170 #endif
1171                           { .ival = "null",
1172                             .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
1173                           },
1174                           { .ival = "net",
1175                             .help = "Network IO",
1176                           },
1177 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYSLET
1178                           { .ival = "syslet-rw",
1179                             .help = "syslet enabled async pread/pwrite IO",
1180                           },
1181 #endif
1182                           { .ival = "cpuio",
1183                             .help = "CPU cycle burner engine",
1184                           },
1185 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_GUASI
1186                           { .ival = "guasi",
1187                             .help = "GUASI IO engine",
1188                           },
1189 #endif
1190 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_BINJECT
1191                           { .ival = "binject",
1192                             .help = "binject direct inject block engine",
1193                           },
1194 #endif
1195 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_RDMA
1196                           { .ival = "rdma",
1197                             .help = "RDMA IO engine",
1198                           },
1199 #endif
1200 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_FUSION_AW
1201                           { .ival = "fusion-aw-sync",
1202                             .help = "Fusion-io atomic write engine",
1203                           },
1204 #endif
1205 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_E4_ENG
1206                           { .ival = "e4defrag",
1207                             .help = "ext4 defrag engine",
1208                           },
1209 #endif
1210 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_FALLOC_ENG
1211                           { .ival = "falloc",
1212                             .help = "fallocate() file based engine",
1213                           },
1214 #endif
1215                           { .ival = "external",
1216                             .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
1217                           },
1218                 },
1219         },
1220         {
1221                 .name   = "iodepth",
1222                 .lname  = "IO Depth",
1223                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1224                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth),
1225                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to keep in flight",
1226                 .minval = 1,
1227                 .interval = 1,
1228                 .def    = "1",
1229                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1230                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1231         },
1232         {
1233                 .name   = "iodepth_batch",
1234                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch",
1235                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_submit",
1236                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1237                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch),
1238                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
1239                 .parent = "iodepth",
1240                 .hide   = 1,
1241                 .minval = 1,
1242                 .interval = 1,
1243                 .def    = "1",
1244                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1245                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1246         },
1247         {
1248                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete",
1249                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch complete",
1250                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1251                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch_complete),
1252                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
1253                 .parent = "iodepth",
1254                 .hide   = 1,
1255                 .minval = 0,
1256                 .interval = 1,
1257                 .def    = "1",
1258                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1259                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1260         },
1261         {
1262                 .name   = "iodepth_low",
1263                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch low",
1264                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1265                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_low),
1266                 .help   = "Low water mark for queuing depth",
1267                 .parent = "iodepth",
1268                 .hide   = 1,
1269                 .interval = 1,
1270                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1271                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1272         },
1273         {
1274                 .name   = "size",
1275                 .lname  = "Size",
1276                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1277                 .cb     = str_size_cb,
1278                 .help   = "Total size of device or files",
1279                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1280                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1281                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1282         },
1283         {
1284                 .name   = "fill_device",
1285                 .lname  = "Fill device",
1286                 .alias  = "fill_fs",
1287                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1288                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fill_device),
1289                 .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
1290                 .def    = "0",
1291                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1292                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1293         },
1294         {
1295                 .name   = "filesize",
1296                 .lname  = "File size",
1297                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1298                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_size_low),
1299                 .off2   = td_var_offset(file_size_high),
1300                 .minval = 1,
1301                 .help   = "Size of individual files",
1302                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1303                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1304                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1305         },
1306         {
1307                 .name   = "offset",
1308                 .lname  = "IO offset",
1309                 .alias  = "fileoffset",
1310                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1311                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_offset),
1312                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset",
1313                 .def    = "0",
1314                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1315                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1316                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1317         },
1318         {
1319                 .name   = "offset_increment",
1320                 .lname  = "IO offset increment",
1321                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1322                 .off1   = td_var_offset(offset_increment),
1323                 .help   = "What is the increment from one offset to the next",
1324                 .parent = "offset",
1325                 .hide   = 1,
1326                 .def    = "0",
1327                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1328                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1329                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1330         },
1331         {
1332                 .name   = "bs",
1333                 .lname  = "Block size",
1334                 .alias  = "blocksize",
1335                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1336                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_READ]),
1337                 .off2   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1338                 .off3   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1339                 .minval = 1,
1340                 .help   = "Block size unit",
1341                 .def    = "4k",
1342                 .parent = "rw",
1343                 .hide   = 1,
1344                 .interval = 512,
1345                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1346                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1347         },
1348         {
1349                 .name   = "ba",
1350                 .lname  = "Block size align",
1351                 .alias  = "blockalign",
1352                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1353                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_READ]),
1354                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
1355                 .off3   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_TRIM]),
1356                 .minval = 1,
1357                 .help   = "IO block offset alignment",
1358                 .parent = "rw",
1359                 .hide   = 1,
1360                 .interval = 512,
1361                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1362                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1363         },
1364         {
1365                 .name   = "bsrange",
1366                 .lname  = "Block size range",
1367                 .alias  = "blocksize_range",
1368                 .type   = FIO_OPT_RANGE,
1369                 .off1   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1370                 .off2   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1371                 .off3   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1372                 .off4   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1373                 .off5   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1374                 .off6   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1375                 .minval = 1,
1376                 .help   = "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
1377                 .parent = "rw",
1378                 .hide   = 1,
1379                 .interval = 4096,
1380                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1381                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1382         },
1383         {
1384                 .name   = "bssplit",
1385                 .lname  = "Block size split",
1386                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1387                 .cb     = str_bssplit_cb,
1388                 .help   = "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
1389                 .parent = "rw",
1390                 .hide   = 1,
1391                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1392                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1393         },
1394         {
1395                 .name   = "bs_unaligned",
1396                 .lname  = "Block size unaligned",
1397                 .alias  = "blocksize_unaligned",
1398                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1399                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_unaligned),
1400                 .help   = "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
1401                 .parent = "rw",
1402                 .hide   = 1,
1403                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1404                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1405         },
1406         {
1407                 .name   = "randrepeat",
1408                 .lname  = "Random repeatable",
1409                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1410                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rand_repeatable),
1411                 .help   = "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
1412                 .def    = "1",
1413                 .parent = "rw",
1414                 .hide   = 1,
1415                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1416                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1417         },
1418         {
1419                 .name   = "use_os_rand",
1420                 .lname  = "Use OS random",
1421                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1422                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_os_rand),
1423                 .help   = "Set to use OS random generator",
1424                 .def    = "0",
1425                 .parent = "rw",
1426                 .hide   = 1,
1427                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1428                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1429         },
1430         {
1431                 .name   = "norandommap",
1432                 .lname  = "No randommap",
1433                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1434                 .off1   = td_var_offset(norandommap),
1435                 .help   = "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
1436                 .parent = "rw",
1437                 .hide   = 1,
1438                 .hide_on_set = 1,
1439                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1440                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1441         },
1442         {
1443                 .name   = "softrandommap",
1444                 .lname  = "Soft randommap",
1445                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1446                 .off1   = td_var_offset(softrandommap),
1447                 .help   = "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
1448                 .parent = "norandommap",
1449                 .hide   = 1,
1450                 .def    = "0",
1451                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1452                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1453         },
1454         {
1455                 .name   = "nrfiles",
1456                 .lname  = "Number of files",
1457                 .alias  = "nr_files",
1458                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1459                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nr_files),
1460                 .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
1461                 .def    = "1",
1462                 .interval = 1,
1463                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1464                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1465         },
1466         {
1467                 .name   = "openfiles",
1468                 .lname  = "Number of open files",
1469                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1470                 .off1   = td_var_offset(open_files),
1471                 .help   = "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
1472                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1473                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1474         },
1475         {
1476                 .name   = "file_service_type",
1477                 .lname  = "File service type",
1478                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1479                 .cb     = str_fst_cb,
1480                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_service_type),
1481                 .help   = "How to select which file to service next",
1482                 .def    = "roundrobin",
1483                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1484                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1485                 .posval = {
1486                           { .ival = "random",
1487                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
1488                             .help = "Choose a file at random",
1489                           },
1490                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
1491                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
1492                             .help = "Round robin select files",
1493                           },
1494                           { .ival = "sequential",
1495                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
1496                             .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
1497                           },
1498                 },
1499                 .parent = "nrfiles",
1500                 .hide   = 1,
1501         },
1502 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_FALLOCATE
1503         {
1504                 .name   = "fallocate",
1505                 .lname  = "Fallocate",
1506                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1507                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fallocate_mode),
1508                 .help   = "Whether pre-allocation is performed when laying out files",
1509                 .def    = "posix",
1510                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1511                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1512                 .posval = {
1513                           { .ival = "none",
1514                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
1515                             .help = "Do not pre-allocate space",
1516                           },
1517                           { .ival = "posix",
1518                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
1519                             .help = "Use posix_fallocate()",
1520                           },
1521 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1522                           { .ival = "keep",
1523                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_KEEP_SIZE,
1524                             .help = "Use fallocate(..., FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE, ...)",
1525                           },
1526 #endif
1527                           /* Compatibility with former boolean values */
1528                           { .ival = "0",
1529                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
1530                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
1531                           },
1532                           { .ival = "1",
1533                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
1534                             .help = "Alias for 'posix'",
1535                           },
1536                 },
1537         },
1538 #endif  /* FIO_HAVE_FALLOCATE */
1539         {
1540                 .name   = "fadvise_hint",
1541                 .lname  = "Fadvise hint",
1542                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1543                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fadvise_hint),
1544                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
1545                 .def    = "1",
1546                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1547                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1548         },
1549         {
1550                 .name   = "fsync",
1551                 .lname  = "Fsync",
1552                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1553                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_blocks),
1554                 .help   = "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
1555                 .def    = "0",
1556                 .interval = 1,
1557                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1558                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1559         },
1560         {
1561                 .name   = "fdatasync",
1562                 .lname  = "Fdatasync",
1563                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1564                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fdatasync_blocks),
1565                 .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
1566                 .def    = "0",
1567                 .interval = 1,
1568                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1569                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1570         },
1571         {
1572                 .name   = "write_barrier",
1573                 .lname  = "Write barrier",
1574                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1575                 .off1   = td_var_offset(barrier_blocks),
1576                 .help   = "Make every Nth write a barrier write",
1577                 .def    = "0",
1578                 .interval = 1,
1579                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1580                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1581         },
1582 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
1583         {
1584                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
1585                 .lname  = "Sync file range",
1586                 .posval = {
1587                           { .ival = "wait_before",
1588                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
1589                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
1590                             .or   = 1,
1591                           },
1592                           { .ival = "write",
1593                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
1594                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
1595                             .or   = 1,
1596                           },
1597                           {
1598                             .ival = "wait_after",
1599                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
1600                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
1601                             .or   = 1,
1602                           },
1603                 },
1604                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_MULTI,
1605                 .cb     = str_sfr_cb,
1606                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_file_range),
1607                 .help   = "Use sync_file_range()",
1608                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1609                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1610         },
1611 #endif
1612         {
1613                 .name   = "direct",
1614                 .lname  = "Direct I/O",
1615                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1616                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1617                 .help   = "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
1618                 .def    = "0",
1619                 .inverse = "buffered",
1620                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1621                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1622         },
1623         {
1624                 .name   = "buffered",
1625                 .lname  = "Buffered I/O",
1626                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1627                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1628                 .neg    = 1,
1629                 .help   = "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
1630                 .def    = "1",
1631                 .inverse = "direct",
1632                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1633                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1634         },
1635         {
1636                 .name   = "overwrite",
1637                 .lname  = "Overwrite",
1638                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1639                 .off1   = td_var_offset(overwrite),
1640                 .help   = "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
1641                 .def    = "0",
1642                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1643                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1644         },
1645         {
1646                 .name   = "loops",
1647                 .lname  = "Loops",
1648                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1649                 .off1   = td_var_offset(loops),
1650                 .help   = "Number of times to run the job",
1651                 .def    = "1",
1652                 .interval = 1,
1653                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1654                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1655         },
1656         {
1657                 .name   = "numjobs",
1658                 .lname  = "Number of jobs",
1659                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1660                 .off1   = td_var_offset(numjobs),
1661                 .help   = "Duplicate this job this many times",
1662                 .def    = "1",
1663                 .interval = 1,
1664                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1665                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1666         },
1667         {
1668                 .name   = "startdelay",
1669                 .lname  = "Start delay",
1670                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1671                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_delay),
1672                 .help   = "Only start job when this period has passed",
1673                 .def    = "0",
1674                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1675                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1676         },
1677         {
1678                 .name   = "runtime",
1679                 .lname  = "Runtime",
1680                 .alias  = "timeout",
1681                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1682                 .off1   = td_var_offset(timeout),
1683                 .help   = "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
1684                 .def    = "0",
1685                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1686                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1687         },
1688         {
1689                 .name   = "time_based",
1690                 .lname  = "Time based",
1691                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1692                 .off1   = td_var_offset(time_based),
1693                 .help   = "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
1694                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1695                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1696         },
1697         {
1698                 .name   = "ramp_time",
1699                 .lname  = "Ramp time",
1700                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1701                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ramp_time),
1702                 .help   = "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
1703                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1704                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1705         },
1706         {
1707                 .name   = "clocksource",
1708                 .lname  = "Clock source",
1709                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1710                 .cb     = fio_clock_source_cb,
1711                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clocksource),
1712                 .help   = "What type of timing source to use",
1713                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1714                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
1715                 .posval = {
1716                           { .ival = "gettimeofday",
1717                             .oval = CS_GTOD,
1718                             .help = "Use gettimeofday(2) for timing",
1719                           },
1720                           { .ival = "clock_gettime",
1721                             .oval = CS_CGETTIME,
1722                             .help = "Use clock_gettime(2) for timing",
1723                           },
1724 #ifdef ARCH_HAVE_CPU_CLOCK
1725                           { .ival = "cpu",
1726                             .oval = CS_CPUCLOCK,
1727                             .help = "Use CPU private clock",
1728                           },
1729 #endif
1730                 },
1731         },
1732         {
1733                 .name   = "mem",
1734                 .alias  = "iomem",
1735                 .lname  = "I/O Memory",
1736                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1737                 .cb     = str_mem_cb,
1738                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_type),
1739                 .help   = "Backing type for IO buffers",
1740                 .def    = "malloc",
1741                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1742                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1743                 .posval = {
1744                           { .ival = "malloc",
1745                             .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
1746                             .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
1747                           },
1748                           { .ival = "shm",
1749                             .oval = MEM_SHM,
1750                             .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
1751                           },
1752 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
1753                           { .ival = "shmhuge",
1754                             .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
1755                             .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
1756                           },
1757 #endif
1758                           { .ival = "mmap",
1759                             .oval = MEM_MMAP,
1760                             .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
1761                           },
1762 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
1763                           { .ival = "mmaphuge",
1764                             .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
1765                             .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
1766                           },
1767 #endif
1768                   },
1769         },
1770         {
1771                 .name   = "iomem_align",
1772                 .alias  = "mem_align",
1773                 .lname  = "I/O memory alignment",
1774                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1775                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_align),
1776                 .minval = 0,
1777                 .help   = "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
1778                 .def    = "0",
1779                 .parent = "iomem",
1780                 .hide   = 1,
1781                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1782                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1783         },
1784         {
1785                 .name   = "verify",
1786                 .lname  = "Verify",
1787                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1788                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify),
1789                 .help   = "Verify data written",
1790                 .def    = "0",
1791                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1792                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1793                 .posval = {
1794                           { .ival = "0",
1795                             .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
1796                             .help = "Don't do IO verification",
1797                           },
1798                           { .ival = "md5",
1799                             .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
1800                             .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
1801                           },
1802                           { .ival = "crc64",
1803                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
1804                             .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
1805                           },
1806                           { .ival = "crc32",
1807                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
1808                             .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
1809                           },
1810                           { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
1811                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
1812                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
1813                           },
1814                           { .ival = "crc32c",
1815                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
1816                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
1817                           },
1818                           { .ival = "crc16",
1819                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
1820                             .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
1821                           },
1822                           { .ival = "crc7",
1823                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
1824                             .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
1825                           },
1826                           { .ival = "sha1",
1827                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
1828                             .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
1829                           },
1830                           { .ival = "sha256",
1831                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
1832                             .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
1833                           },
1834                           { .ival = "sha512",
1835                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
1836                             .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
1837                           },
1838                           { .ival = "meta",
1839                             .oval = VERIFY_META,
1840                             .help = "Use io information",
1841                           },
1842                           {
1843                             .ival = "null",
1844                             .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
1845                             .help = "Pretend to verify",
1846                           },
1847                 },
1848         },
1849         {
1850                 .name   = "do_verify",
1851                 .lname  = "Perform verify step",
1852                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1853                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_verify),
1854                 .help   = "Run verification stage after write",
1855                 .def    = "1",
1856                 .parent = "verify",
1857                 .hide   = 1,
1858                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1859                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1860         },
1861         {
1862                 .name   = "verifysort",
1863                 .lname  = "Verify sort",
1864                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1865                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort),
1866                 .help   = "Sort written verify blocks for read back",
1867                 .def    = "1",
1868                 .parent = "verify",
1869                 .hide   = 1,
1870                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1871                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1872         },
1873         {
1874                 .name   = "verify_interval",
1875                 .lname  = "Verify interval",
1876                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1877                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_interval),
1878                 .minval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
1879                 .help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
1880                 .parent = "verify",
1881                 .hide   = 1,
1882                 .interval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
1883                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1884                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1885         },
1886         {
1887                 .name   = "verify_offset",
1888                 .lname  = "Verify offset",
1889                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1890                 .help   = "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
1891                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_offset),
1892                 .minval = sizeof(struct verify_header),
1893                 .parent = "verify",
1894                 .hide   = 1,
1895                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1896                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1897         },
1898         {
1899                 .name   = "verify_pattern",
1900                 .lname  = "Verify pattern",
1901                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1902                 .cb     = str_verify_pattern_cb,
1903                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
1904                 .parent = "verify",
1905                 .hide   = 1,
1906                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1907                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1908         },
1909         {
1910                 .name   = "verify_fatal",
1911                 .lname  = "Verify fatal",
1912                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1913                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_fatal),
1914                 .def    = "0",
1915                 .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
1916                 .parent = "verify",
1917                 .hide   = 1,
1918                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1919                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1920         },
1921         {
1922                 .name   = "verify_dump",
1923                 .lname  = "Verify dump",
1924                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1925                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_dump),
1926                 .def    = "0",
1927                 .help   = "Dump contents of good and bad blocks on failure",
1928                 .parent = "verify",
1929                 .hide   = 1,
1930                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1931                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1932         },
1933         {
1934                 .name   = "verify_async",
1935                 .lname  = "Verify asynchronously",
1936                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1937                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_async),
1938                 .def    = "0",
1939                 .help   = "Number of async verifier threads to use",
1940                 .parent = "verify",
1941                 .hide   = 1,
1942                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1943                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1944         },
1945         {
1946                 .name   = "verify_backlog",
1947                 .lname  = "Verify backlog",
1948                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1949                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_backlog),
1950                 .help   = "Verify after this number of blocks are written",
1951                 .parent = "verify",
1952                 .hide   = 1,
1953                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1954                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1955         },
1956         {
1957                 .name   = "verify_backlog_batch",
1958                 .lname  = "Verify backlog batch",
1959                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1960                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_batch),
1961                 .help   = "Verify this number of IO blocks",
1962                 .parent = "verify",
1963                 .hide   = 1,
1964                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1965                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1966         },
1967 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1968         {
1969                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
1970                 .lname  = "Async verify CPUs",
1971                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1972                 .cb     = str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
1973                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
1974                 .parent = "verify_async",
1975                 .hide   = 1,
1976                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1977                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1978         },
1979 #endif
1980 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_TRIM
1981         {
1982                 .name   = "trim_percentage",
1983                 .lname  = "Trim percentage",
1984                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1985                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_percentage),
1986                 .minval = 0,
1987                 .maxval = 100,
1988                 .help   = "Number of verify blocks to discard/trim",
1989                 .parent = "verify",
1990                 .def    = "0",
1991                 .interval = 1,
1992                 .hide   = 1,
1993                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1994                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
1995         },
1996         {
1997                 .name   = "trim_verify_zero",
1998                 .lname  = "Verify trim zero",
1999                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2000                 .help   = "Verify that trim/discarded blocks are returned as zeroes",
2001                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_zero),
2002                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2003                 .hide   = 1,
2004                 .def    = "1",
2005                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2006                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2007         },
2008         {
2009                 .name   = "trim_backlog",
2010                 .lname  = "Trim backlog",
2011                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2012                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_backlog),
2013                 .help   = "Trim after this number of blocks are written",
2014                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2015                 .hide   = 1,
2016                 .interval = 1,
2017                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2018                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2019         },
2020         {
2021                 .name   = "trim_backlog_batch",
2022                 .lname  = "Trim backlog batch",
2023                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2024                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_batch),
2025                 .help   = "Trim this number of IO blocks",
2026                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2027                 .hide   = 1,
2028                 .interval = 1,
2029                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2030                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2031         },
2032 #endif
2033         {
2034                 .name   = "write_iolog",
2035                 .lname  = "Write I/O log",
2036                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2037                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_iolog_file),
2038                 .help   = "Store IO pattern to file",
2039                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2040                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2041         },
2042         {
2043                 .name   = "read_iolog",
2044                 .lname  = "Read I/O log",
2045                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2046                 .off1   = td_var_offset(read_iolog_file),
2047                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern from file",
2048                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2049                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2050         },
2051         {
2052                 .name   = "replay_no_stall",
2053                 .lname  = "Don't stall on replay",
2054                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2055                 .off1   = td_var_offset(no_stall),
2056                 .def    = "0",
2057                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2058                 .hide   = 1,
2059                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern file as fast as possible without stalls",
2060                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2061                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2062         },
2063         {
2064                 .name   = "replay_redirect",
2065                 .lname  = "Redirect device for replay",
2066                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2067                 .off1   = td_var_offset(replay_redirect),
2068                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2069                 .hide   = 1,
2070                 .help   = "Replay all I/O onto this device, regardless of trace device",
2071                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2072                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2073         },
2074         {
2075                 .name   = "exec_prerun",
2076                 .lname  = "Pre-execute runnable",
2077                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2078                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_prerun),
2079                 .help   = "Execute this file prior to running job",
2080                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2081                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2082         },
2083         {
2084                 .name   = "exec_postrun",
2085                 .lname  = "Post-execute runnable",
2086                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2087                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_postrun),
2088                 .help   = "Execute this file after running job",
2089                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2090                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2091         },
2092 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
2093         {
2094                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
2095                 .lname  = "I/O scheduler",
2096                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2097                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioscheduler),
2098                 .help   = "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
2099                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2100                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2101         },
2102 #endif
2103         {
2104                 .name   = "zonesize",
2105                 .lname  = "Zone size",
2106                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2107                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_size),
2108                 .help   = "Amount of data to read per zone",
2109                 .def    = "0",
2110                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2111                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2112                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2113         },
2114         {
2115                 .name   = "zonerange",
2116                 .lname  = "Zone range",
2117                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2118                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_range),
2119                 .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
2120                 .def    = "0",
2121                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2122                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2123                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2124         },
2125         {
2126                 .name   = "zoneskip",
2127                 .lname  = "Zone skip",
2128                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2129                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_skip),
2130                 .help   = "Space between IO zones",
2131                 .def    = "0",
2132                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2133                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2134                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2135         },
2136         {
2137                 .name   = "lockmem",
2138                 .lname  = "Lock memory",
2139                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2140                 .off1   = td_var_offset(lockmem),
2141                 .help   = "Lock down this amount of memory",
2142                 .def    = "0",
2143                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2144                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2145                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2146         },
2147         {
2148                 .name   = "rwmixread",
2149                 .lname  = "Read/write mix read",
2150                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2151                 .cb     = str_rwmix_read_cb,
2152                 .maxval = 100,
2153                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
2154                 .def    = "50",
2155                 .interval = 5,
2156                 .inverse = "rwmixwrite",
2157                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2158                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2159         },
2160         {
2161                 .name   = "rwmixwrite",
2162                 .lname  = "Read/write mix write",
2163                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2164                 .cb     = str_rwmix_write_cb,
2165                 .maxval = 100,
2166                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
2167                 .def    = "50",
2168                 .interval = 5,
2169                 .inverse = "rwmixread",
2170                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2171                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2172         },
2173         {
2174                 .name   = "rwmixcycle",
2175                 .lname  = "Read/write mix cycle",
2176                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
2177                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2178                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2179         },
2180         {
2181                 .name   = "nice",
2182                 .lname  = "Nice",
2183                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2184                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nice),
2185                 .help   = "Set job CPU nice value",
2186                 .minval = -19,
2187                 .maxval = 20,
2188                 .def    = "0",
2189                 .interval = 1,
2190                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2191                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2192         },
2193 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
2194         {
2195                 .name   = "prio",
2196                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority",
2197                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2198                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioprio),
2199                 .help   = "Set job IO priority value",
2200                 .minval = 0,
2201                 .maxval = 7,
2202                 .interval = 1,
2203                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2204                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2205         },
2206         {
2207                 .name   = "prioclass",
2208                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority class",
2209                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2210                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioprio_class),
2211                 .help   = "Set job IO priority class",
2212                 .minval = 0,
2213                 .maxval = 3,
2214                 .interval = 1,
2215                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2216                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2217         },
2218 #endif
2219         {
2220                 .name   = "thinktime",
2221                 .lname  = "Thinktime",
2222                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2223                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime),
2224                 .help   = "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
2225                 .def    = "0",
2226                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2227                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2228         },
2229         {
2230                 .name   = "thinktime_spin",
2231                 .lname  = "Thinktime spin",
2232                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2233                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_spin),
2234                 .help   = "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
2235                 .def    = "0",
2236                 .parent = "thinktime",
2237                 .hide   = 1,
2238                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2239                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2240         },
2241         {
2242                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks",
2243                 .lname  = "Thinktime blocks",
2244                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2245                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_blocks),
2246                 .help   = "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
2247                 .def    = "1",
2248                 .parent = "thinktime",
2249                 .hide   = 1,
2250                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2251                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2252         },
2253         {
2254                 .name   = "rate",
2255                 .lname  = "I/O rate",
2256                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2257                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_READ]),
2258                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_WRITE]),
2259                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_TRIM]),
2260                 .help   = "Set bandwidth rate",
2261                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2262                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2263         },
2264         {
2265                 .name   = "ratemin",
2266                 .lname  = "I/O min rate",
2267                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2268                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_READ]),
2269                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_WRITE]),
2270                 .off3   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_TRIM]),
2271                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
2272                 .parent = "rate",
2273                 .hide   = 1,
2274                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2275                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2276         },
2277         {
2278                 .name   = "rate_iops",
2279                 .lname  = "I/O rate IOPS",
2280                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2281                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_READ]),
2282                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_WRITE]),
2283                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_TRIM]),
2284                 .help   = "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
2285                 .hide   = 1,
2286                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2287                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2288         },
2289         {
2290                 .name   = "rate_iops_min",
2291                 .lname  = "I/O min rate IOPS",
2292                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2293                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_READ]),
2294                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_WRITE]),
2295                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_TRIM]),
2296                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shut down",
2297                 .parent = "rate_iops",
2298                 .hide   = 1,
2299                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2300                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2301         },
2302         {
2303                 .name   = "ratecycle",
2304                 .lname  = "I/O rate cycle",
2305                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2306                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratecycle),
2307                 .help   = "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
2308                 .def    = "1000",
2309                 .parent = "rate",
2310                 .hide   = 1,
2311                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2312                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2313         },
2314         {
2315                 .name   = "invalidate",
2316                 .lname  = "Cache invalidate",
2317                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2318                 .off1   = td_var_offset(invalidate_cache),
2319                 .help   = "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
2320                 .def    = "1",
2321                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2322                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2323         },
2324         {
2325                 .name   = "sync",
2326                 .lname  = "Synchronous I/O",
2327                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2328                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_io),
2329                 .help   = "Use O_SYNC for buffered writes",
2330                 .def    = "0",
2331                 .parent = "buffered",
2332                 .hide   = 1,
2333                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2334                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2335         },
2336         {
2337                 .name   = "create_serialize",
2338                 .lname  = "Create serialize",
2339                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2340                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_serialize),
2341                 .help   = "Serialize creating of job files",
2342                 .def    = "1",
2343                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2344                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2345         },
2346         {
2347                 .name   = "create_fsync",
2348                 .lname  = "Create fsync",
2349                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2350                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_fsync),
2351                 .help   = "fsync file after creation",
2352                 .def    = "1",
2353                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2354                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2355         },
2356         {
2357                 .name   = "create_on_open",
2358                 .lname  = "Create on open",
2359                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2360                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_on_open),
2361                 .help   = "Create files when they are opened for IO",
2362                 .def    = "0",
2363                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2364                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2365         },
2366         {
2367                 .name   = "create_only",
2368                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2369                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_only),
2370                 .help   = "Only perform file creation phase",
2371                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2372                 .def    = "0",
2373         },
2374         {
2375                 .name   = "pre_read",
2376                 .lname  = "Pre-read files",
2377                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2378                 .off1   = td_var_offset(pre_read),
2379                 .help   = "Pre-read files before starting official testing",
2380                 .def    = "0",
2381                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2382                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2383         },
2384 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
2385         {
2386                 .name   = "cpumask",
2387                 .lname  = "CPU mask",
2388                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2389                 .cb     = str_cpumask_cb,
2390                 .help   = "CPU affinity mask",
2391                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2392                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2393         },
2394         {
2395                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
2396                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed",
2397                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2398                 .cb     = str_cpus_allowed_cb,
2399                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed",
2400                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2401                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2402         },
2403 #endif
2404         {
2405                 .name   = "end_fsync",
2406                 .lname  = "End fsync",
2407                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2408                 .off1   = td_var_offset(end_fsync),
2409                 .help   = "Include fsync at the end of job",
2410                 .def    = "0",
2411                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2412                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2413         },
2414         {
2415                 .name   = "fsync_on_close",
2416                 .lname  = "Fsync on close",
2417                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2418                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_on_close),
2419                 .help   = "fsync files on close",
2420                 .def    = "0",
2421                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2422                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2423         },
2424         {
2425                 .name   = "unlink",
2426                 .lname  = "Unlink file",
2427                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2428                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unlink),
2429                 .help   = "Unlink created files after job has completed",
2430                 .def    = "0",
2431                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2432                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2433         },
2434         {
2435                 .name   = "exitall",
2436                 .lname  = "Exit-all on terminate",
2437                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2438                 .cb     = str_exitall_cb,
2439                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
2440                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2441                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2442         },
2443         {
2444                 .name   = "stonewall",
2445                 .lname  = "Wait for previous",
2446                 .alias  = "wait_for_previous",
2447                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2448                 .off1   = td_var_offset(stonewall),
2449                 .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
2450                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2451                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2452         },
2453         {
2454                 .name   = "new_group",
2455                 .lname  = "New group",
2456                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2457                 .off1   = td_var_offset(new_group),
2458                 .help   = "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
2459                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2460                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2461         },
2462         {
2463                 .name   = "thread",
2464                 .lname  = "Thread",
2465                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2466                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_thread),
2467                 .help   = "Use threads instead of processes",
2468                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2469                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2470         },
2471         {
2472                 .name   = "write_bw_log",
2473                 .lname  = "Write bandwidth log",
2474                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2475                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_log_file),
2476                 .help   = "Write log of bandwidth during run",
2477                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2478                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2479         },
2480         {
2481                 .name   = "write_lat_log",
2482                 .lname  = "Write latency log",
2483                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2484                 .off1   = td_var_offset(lat_log_file),
2485                 .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
2486                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2487                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2488         },
2489         {
2490                 .name   = "write_iops_log",
2491                 .lname  = "Write IOPS log",
2492                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2493                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_log_file),
2494                 .help   = "Write log of IOPS during run",
2495                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2496                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2497         },
2498         {
2499                 .name   = "log_avg_msec",
2500                 .lname  = "Log averaging (msec)",
2501                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2502                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_avg_msec),
2503                 .help   = "Average bw/iops/lat logs over this period of time",
2504                 .def    = "0",
2505                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2506                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2507         },
2508         {
2509                 .name   = "bwavgtime",
2510                 .lname  = "Bandwidth average time",
2511                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2512                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_avg_time),
2513                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
2514                           " (msec)",
2515                 .def    = "500",
2516                 .parent = "write_bw_log",
2517                 .hide   = 1,
2518                 .interval = 100,
2519                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2520                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2521         },
2522         {
2523                 .name   = "iopsavgtime",
2524                 .lname  = "IOPS average time",
2525                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2526                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_avg_time),
2527                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate IOPS (msec)",
2528                 .def    = "500",
2529                 .parent = "write_iops_log",
2530                 .hide   = 1,
2531                 .interval = 100,
2532                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2533                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2534         },
2535         {
2536                 .name   = "group_reporting",
2537                 .lname  = "Group reporting",
2538                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2539                 .off1   = td_var_offset(group_reporting),
2540                 .help   = "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
2541                 .def    = "1",
2542                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2543                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2544         },
2545         {
2546                 .name   = "zero_buffers",
2547                 .lname  = "Zero I/O buffers",
2548                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2549                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zero_buffers),
2550                 .help   = "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
2551                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2552                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2553         },
2554         {
2555                 .name   = "refill_buffers",
2556                 .lname  = "Refill I/O buffers",
2557                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2558                 .off1   = td_var_offset(refill_buffers),
2559                 .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
2560                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2561                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2562         },
2563         {
2564                 .name   = "scramble_buffers",
2565                 .lname  = "Scramble I/O buffers",
2566                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2567                 .off1   = td_var_offset(scramble_buffers),
2568                 .help   = "Slightly scramble buffers on every IO submit",
2569                 .def    = "1",
2570                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2571                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2572         },
2573         {
2574                 .name   = "buffer_compress_percentage",
2575                 .lname  = "Buffer compression percentage",
2576                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2577                 .off1   = td_var_offset(compress_percentage),
2578                 .maxval = 100,
2579                 .minval = 1,
2580                 .help   = "How compressible the buffer is (approximately)",
2581                 .interval = 5,
2582                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2583                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2584         },
2585         {
2586                 .name   = "buffer_compress_chunk",
2587                 .lname  = "Buffer compression chunk size",
2588                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2589                 .off1   = td_var_offset(compress_chunk),
2590                 .parent = "buffer_compress_percentage",
2591                 .hide   = 1,
2592                 .help   = "Size of compressible region in buffer",
2593                 .interval = 256,
2594                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2595                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2596         },
2597         {
2598                 .name   = "clat_percentiles",
2599                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentiles",
2600                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2601                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clat_percentiles),
2602                 .help   = "Enable the reporting of completion latency percentiles",
2603                 .def    = "1",
2604                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2605                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2606         },
2607         {
2608                 .name   = "percentile_list",
2609                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentile list",
2610                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
2611                 .off1   = td_var_offset(percentile_list),
2612                 .off2   = td_var_offset(overwrite_plist),
2613                 .help   = "Specify a custom list of percentiles to report",
2614                 .maxlen = FIO_IO_U_LIST_MAX_LEN,
2615                 .minfp  = 0.0,
2616                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
2617                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2618                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2619         },
2620
2621 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
2622         {
2623                 .name   = "disk_util",
2624                 .lname  = "Disk utilization",
2625                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2626                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_disk_util),
2627                 .help   = "Log disk utilization statistics",
2628                 .def    = "1",
2629                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2630                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2631         },
2632 #endif
2633         {
2634                 .name   = "gtod_reduce",
2635                 .lname  = "Reduce gettimeofday() calls",
2636                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2637                 .help   = "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
2638                 .cb     = str_gtod_reduce_cb,
2639                 .def    = "0",
2640                 .hide_on_set = 1,
2641                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2642                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2643         },
2644         {
2645                 .name   = "disable_lat",
2646                 .lname  = "Disable all latency stats",
2647                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2648                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_lat),
2649                 .help   = "Disable latency numbers",
2650                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2651                 .hide   = 1,
2652                 .def    = "0",
2653                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2654                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2655         },
2656         {
2657                 .name   = "disable_clat",
2658                 .lname  = "Disable completion latency stats",
2659                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2660                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_clat),
2661                 .help   = "Disable completion latency numbers",
2662                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2663                 .hide   = 1,
2664                 .def    = "0",
2665                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2666                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2667         },
2668         {
2669                 .name   = "disable_slat",
2670                 .lname  = "Disable submission latency stats",
2671                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2672                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_slat),
2673                 .help   = "Disable submission latency numbers",
2674                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2675                 .hide   = 1,
2676                 .def    = "0",
2677                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2678                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2679         },
2680         {
2681                 .name   = "disable_bw_measurement",
2682                 .lname  = "Disable bandwidth stats",
2683                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2684                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_bw),
2685                 .help   = "Disable bandwidth logging",
2686                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2687                 .hide   = 1,
2688                 .def    = "0",
2689                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2690                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2691         },
2692         {
2693                 .name   = "gtod_cpu",
2694                 .lname  = "Dedicated gettimeofday() CPU",
2695                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2696                 .cb     = str_gtod_cpu_cb,
2697                 .help   = "Set up dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
2698                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
2699                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2700                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
2701         },
2702         {
2703                 .name   = "continue_on_error",
2704                 .lname  = "Continue on error",
2705                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2706                 .off1   = td_var_offset(continue_on_error),
2707                 .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during IO",
2708                 .def    = "none",
2709                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2710                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
2711                 .posval = {
2712                           { .ival = "none",
2713                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
2714                             .help = "Exit when an error is encountered",
2715                           },
2716                           { .ival = "read",
2717                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ,
2718                             .help = "Continue on read errors only",
2719                           },
2720                           { .ival = "write",
2721                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
2722                             .help = "Continue on write errors only",
2723                           },
2724                           { .ival = "io",
2725                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ | ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
2726                             .help = "Continue on any IO errors",
2727                           },
2728                           { .ival = "verify",
2729                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_VERIFY,
2730                             .help = "Continue on verify errors only",
2731                           },
2732                           { .ival = "all",
2733                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
2734                             .help = "Continue on all io and verify errors",
2735                           },
2736                           { .ival = "0",
2737                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
2738                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
2739                           },
2740                           { .ival = "1",
2741                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
2742                             .help = "Alias for 'all'",
2743                           },
2744                 },
2745         },
2746         {
2747                 .name   = "ignore_error",
2748                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2749                 .cb     = str_ignore_error_cb,
2750                 .help   = "Set a specific list of errors to ignore",
2751                 .parent = "rw",
2752                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2753                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
2754         },
2755         {
2756                 .name   = "error_dump",
2757                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2758                 .off1   = td_var_offset(error_dump),
2759                 .def    = "0",
2760                 .help   = "Dump info on each error",
2761                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2762                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
2763         },
2764         {
2765                 .name   = "profile",
2766                 .lname  = "Profile",
2767                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2768                 .off1   = td_var_offset(profile),
2769                 .help   = "Select a specific builtin performance test",
2770                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
2771                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2772         },
2773         {
2774                 .name   = "cgroup",
2775                 .lname  = "Cgroup",
2776                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2777                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup),
2778                 .help   = "Add job to cgroup of this name",
2779                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2780                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
2781         },
2782         {
2783                 .name   = "cgroup_nodelete",
2784                 .lname  = "Cgroup no-delete",
2785                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2786                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_nodelete),
2787                 .help   = "Do not delete cgroups after job completion",
2788                 .def    = "0",
2789                 .parent = "cgroup",
2790                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2791                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
2792         },
2793         {
2794                 .name   = "cgroup_weight",
2795                 .lname  = "Cgroup weight",
2796                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2797                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_weight),
2798                 .help   = "Use given weight for cgroup",
2799                 .minval = 100,
2800                 .maxval = 1000,
2801                 .parent = "cgroup",
2802                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2803                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
2804         },
2805         {
2806                 .name   = "uid",
2807                 .lname  = "User ID",
2808                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2809                 .off1   = td_var_offset(uid),
2810                 .help   = "Run job with this user ID",
2811                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2812                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2813         },
2814         {
2815                 .name   = "gid",
2816                 .lname  = "Group ID",
2817                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2818                 .off1   = td_var_offset(gid),
2819                 .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
2820                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2821                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2822         },
2823         {
2824                 .name   = "kb_base",
2825                 .lname  = "KB Base",
2826                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2827                 .off1   = td_var_offset(kb_base),
2828                 .verify = kb_base_verify,
2829                 .prio   = 1,
2830                 .def    = "1024",
2831                 .help   = "How many bytes per KB for reporting (1000 or 1024)",
2832                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2833                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2834         },
2835         {
2836                 .name   = "hugepage-size",
2837                 .lname  = "Hugepage size",
2838                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2839                 .off1   = td_var_offset(hugepage_size),
2840                 .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
2841                 .def    = __fio_stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
2842                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2843                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2844                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2845         },
2846         {
2847                 .name   = "flow_id",
2848                 .lname  = "I/O flow ID",
2849                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2850                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_id),
2851                 .help   = "The flow index ID to use",
2852                 .def    = "0",
2853                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2854                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
2855         },
2856         {
2857                 .name   = "flow",
2858                 .lname  = "I/O flow weight",
2859                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2860                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow),
2861                 .help   = "Weight for flow control of this job",
2862                 .parent = "flow_id",
2863                 .hide   = 1,
2864                 .def    = "0",
2865                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2866                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
2867         },
2868         {
2869                 .name   = "flow_watermark",
2870                 .lname  = "I/O flow watermark",
2871                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2872                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_watermark),
2873                 .help   = "High watermark for flow control. This option"
2874                         " should be set to the same value for all threads"
2875                         " with non-zero flow.",
2876                 .parent = "flow_id",
2877                 .hide   = 1,
2878                 .def    = "1024",
2879                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2880                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
2881         },
2882         {
2883                 .name   = "flow_sleep",
2884                 .lname  = "I/O flow sleep",
2885                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2886                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_sleep),
2887                 .help   = "How many microseconds to sleep after being held"
2888                         " back by the flow control mechanism",
2889                 .parent = "flow_id",
2890                 .hide   = 1,
2891                 .def    = "0",
2892                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2893                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
2894         },
2895         {
2896                 .name = NULL,
2897         },
2898 };
2899
2900 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o,
2901                         const char *name, int val)
2902 {
2903         lopt->name = (char *) name;
2904         lopt->val = val;
2905         if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
2906                 lopt->has_arg = no_argument;
2907         else
2908                 lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
2909 }
2910
2911 static void options_to_lopts(struct fio_option *opts,
2912                               struct option *long_options,
2913                               int i, int option_type)
2914 {
2915         struct fio_option *o = &opts[0];
2916         while (o->name) {
2917                 add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->name, option_type);
2918                 if (o->alias) {
2919                         i++;
2920                         add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->alias, option_type);
2921                 }
2922
2923                 i++;
2924                 o++;
2925                 assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
2926         }
2927 }
2928
2929 void fio_options_set_ioengine_opts(struct option *long_options,
2930                                    struct thread_data *td)
2931 {
2932         unsigned int i;
2933
2934         i = 0;
2935         while (long_options[i].name) {
2936                 if (long_options[i].val == FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE) {
2937                         memset(&long_options[i], 0, sizeof(*long_options));
2938                         break;
2939                 }
2940                 i++;
2941         }
2942
2943         /*
2944          * Just clear out the prior ioengine options.
2945          */
2946         if (!td || !td->eo)
2947                 return;
2948
2949         options_to_lopts(td->io_ops->options, long_options, i,
2950                          FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE);
2951 }
2952
2953 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
2954 {
2955         unsigned int i;
2956
2957         options_init(fio_options);
2958
2959         i = 0;
2960         while (long_options[i].name)
2961                 i++;
2962
2963         options_to_lopts(fio_options, long_options, i, FIO_GETOPT_JOB);
2964 }
2965
2966 struct fio_keyword {
2967         const char *word;
2968         const char *desc;
2969         char *replace;
2970 };
2971
2972 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
2973         {
2974                 .word   = "$pagesize",
2975                 .desc   = "Page size in the system",
2976         },
2977         {
2978                 .word   = "$mb_memory",
2979                 .desc   = "Megabytes of memory online",
2980         },
2981         {
2982                 .word   = "$ncpus",
2983                 .desc   = "Number of CPUs online in the system",
2984         },
2985         {
2986                 .word   = NULL,
2987         },
2988 };
2989
2990 void fio_keywords_init(void)
2991 {
2992         unsigned long long mb_memory;
2993         char buf[128];
2994         long l;
2995
2996         sprintf(buf, "%lu", page_size);
2997         fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
2998
2999         mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / (1024 * 1024);
3000         sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
3001         fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
3002
3003         l = cpus_online();
3004         sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
3005         fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
3006 }
3007
3008 #define BC_APP          "bc"
3009
3010 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
3011 {
3012         char buf[128], *tmp;
3013         FILE *f;
3014         int ret;
3015
3016         /*
3017          * No math, just return string
3018          */
3019         if ((!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
3020              !strchr(str, '/')) || strchr(str, '\''))
3021                 return str;
3022
3023         /*
3024          * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
3025          */
3026         tmp = strchr(str, '=');
3027         if (!tmp)
3028                 return str;
3029
3030         tmp++;
3031
3032         /*
3033          * Prevent buffer overflows; such a case isn't reasonable anyway
3034          */
3035         if (strlen(str) >= 128 || strlen(tmp) > 100)
3036                 return str;
3037
3038         sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
3039         if (system(buf)) {
3040                 log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
3041                 return NULL;
3042         }
3043
3044         sprintf(buf, "echo '%s' | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
3045         f = popen(buf, "r");
3046         if (!f)
3047                 return NULL;
3048
3049         ret = fread(&buf[tmp - str], 1, 128 - (tmp - str), f);
3050         if (ret <= 0)
3051                 return NULL;
3052
3053         pclose(f);
3054         buf[(tmp - str) + ret - 1] = '\0';
3055         memcpy(buf, str, tmp - str);
3056         free(str);
3057         return strdup(buf);
3058 }
3059
3060 /*
3061  * Return a copy of the input string with substrings of the form ${VARNAME}
3062  * substituted with the value of the environment variable VARNAME.  The
3063  * substitution always occurs, even if VARNAME is empty or the corresponding
3064  * environment variable undefined.
3065  */
3066 static char *option_dup_subs(const char *opt)
3067 {
3068         char out[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
3069         char in[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
3070         char *outptr = out;
3071         char *inptr = in;
3072         char *ch1, *ch2, *env;
3073         ssize_t nchr = OPT_LEN_MAX;
3074         size_t envlen;
3075
3076         if (strlen(opt) + 1 > OPT_LEN_MAX) {
3077                 log_err("OPT_LEN_MAX (%d) is too small\n", OPT_LEN_MAX);
3078                 return NULL;
3079         }
3080
3081         in[OPT_LEN_MAX] = '\0';
3082         strncpy(in, opt, OPT_LEN_MAX);
3083
3084         while (*inptr && nchr > 0) {
3085                 if (inptr[0] == '$' && inptr[1] == '{') {
3086                         ch2 = strchr(inptr, '}');
3087                         if (ch2 && inptr+1 < ch2) {
3088                                 ch1 = inptr+2;
3089                                 inptr = ch2+1;
3090                                 *ch2 = '\0';
3091
3092                                 env = getenv(ch1);
3093                                 if (env) {
3094                                         envlen = strlen(env);
3095                                         if (envlen <= nchr) {
3096                                                 memcpy(outptr, env, envlen);
3097                                                 outptr += envlen;
3098                                                 nchr -= envlen;
3099                                         }
3100                                 }
3101
3102                                 continue;
3103                         }
3104                 }
3105
3106                 *outptr++ = *inptr++;
3107                 --nchr;
3108         }
3109
3110         *outptr = '\0';
3111         return strdup(out);
3112 }
3113
3114 /*
3115  * Look for reserved variable names and replace them with real values
3116  */
3117 static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
3118 {
3119         char *s;
3120         int i;
3121         int docalc = 0;
3122
3123         for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
3124                 struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
3125
3126                 while ((s = strstr(opt, kw->word)) != NULL) {
3127                         char *new = malloc(strlen(opt) + 1);
3128                         char *o_org = opt;
3129                         int olen = s - opt;
3130                         int len;
3131
3132                         /*
3133                          * Copy part of the string before the keyword and
3134                          * sprintf() the replacement after it.
3135                          */
3136                         memcpy(new, opt, olen);
3137                         len = sprintf(new + olen, "%s", kw->replace);
3138
3139                         /*
3140                          * If there's more in the original string, copy that
3141                          * in too
3142                          */
3143                         opt += strlen(kw->word) + olen;
3144                         if (strlen(opt))
3145                                 memcpy(new + olen + len, opt, opt - o_org - 1);
3146
3147                         /*
3148                          * replace opt and free the old opt
3149                          */
3150                         opt = new;
3151                         free(o_org);
3152
3153                         docalc = 1;
3154                 }
3155         }
3156
3157         /*
3158          * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
3159          */
3160         if (docalc)
3161                 opt = bc_calc(opt);
3162
3163         return opt;
3164 }
3165
3166 static char **dup_and_sub_options(char **opts, int num_opts)
3167 {
3168         int i;
3169         char **opts_copy = malloc(num_opts * sizeof(*opts));
3170         for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
3171                 opts_copy[i] = option_dup_subs(opts[i]);
3172                 if (!opts_copy[i])
3173                         continue;
3174                 opts_copy[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts_copy[i]);
3175         }
3176         return opts_copy;
3177 }
3178
3179 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts)
3180 {
3181         int i, ret, unknown;
3182         char **opts_copy;
3183
3184         sort_options(opts, fio_options, num_opts);
3185         opts_copy = dup_and_sub_options(opts, num_opts);
3186
3187         for (ret = 0, i = 0, unknown = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
3188                 struct fio_option *o;
3189                 int newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i], fio_options,
3190                                                 &o, td);
3191
3192                 if (opts_copy[i]) {
3193                         if (newret && !o) {
3194                                 unknown++;
3195                                 continue;
3196                         }
3197                         free(opts_copy[i]);
3198                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
3199                 }
3200
3201                 ret |= newret;
3202         }
3203
3204         if (unknown) {
3205                 ret |= ioengine_load(td);
3206                 if (td->eo) {
3207                         sort_options(opts_copy, td->io_ops->options, num_opts);
3208                         opts = opts_copy;
3209                 }
3210                 for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
3211                         struct fio_option *o = NULL;
3212                         int newret = 1;
3213                         if (!opts_copy[i])
3214                                 continue;
3215
3216                         if (td->eo)
3217                                 newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i],
3218                                                       td->io_ops->options, &o,
3219                                                       td->eo);
3220
3221                         ret |= newret;
3222                         if (!o)
3223                                 log_err("Bad option <%s>\n", opts[i]);
3224
3225                         free(opts_copy[i]);
3226                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
3227                 }
3228         }
3229
3230         free(opts_copy);
3231         return ret;
3232 }
3233
3234 int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
3235 {
3236         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, fio_options, td);
3237 }
3238
3239 int fio_cmd_ioengine_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt,
3240                                 char *val)
3241 {
3242         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, td->io_ops->options, td);
3243 }
3244
3245 void fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data *td)
3246 {
3247         fill_default_options(td, fio_options);
3248 }
3249
3250 int fio_show_option_help(const char *opt)
3251 {
3252         return show_cmd_help(fio_options, opt);
3253 }
3254
3255 void options_mem_dupe(void *data, struct fio_option *options)
3256 {
3257         struct fio_option *o;
3258         char **ptr;
3259
3260         for (o = &options[0]; o->name; o++) {
3261                 if (o->type != FIO_OPT_STR_STORE)
3262                         continue;
3263
3264                 ptr = td_var(data, o->off1);
3265                 if (*ptr)
3266                         *ptr = strdup(*ptr);
3267         }
3268 }
3269
3270 /*
3271  * dupe FIO_OPT_STR_STORE options
3272  */
3273 void fio_options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
3274 {
3275         options_mem_dupe(&td->o, fio_options);
3276
3277         if (td->eo && td->io_ops) {
3278                 void *oldeo = td->eo;
3279
3280                 td->eo = malloc(td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
3281                 memcpy(td->eo, oldeo, td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
3282                 options_mem_dupe(td->eo, td->io_ops->options);
3283         }
3284 }
3285
3286 unsigned int fio_get_kb_base(void *data)
3287 {
3288         struct thread_options *o = data;
3289         unsigned int kb_base = 0;
3290
3291         if (o)
3292                 kb_base = o->kb_base;
3293         if (!kb_base)
3294                 kb_base = 1024;
3295
3296         return kb_base;
3297 }
3298
3299 int add_option(struct fio_option *o)
3300 {
3301         struct fio_option *__o;
3302         int opt_index = 0;
3303
3304         __o = fio_options;
3305         while (__o->name) {
3306                 opt_index++;
3307                 __o++;
3308         }
3309
3310         memcpy(&fio_options[opt_index], o, sizeof(*o));
3311         return 0;
3312 }
3313
3314 void invalidate_profile_options(const char *prof_name)
3315 {
3316         struct fio_option *o;
3317
3318         o = fio_options;
3319         while (o->name) {
3320                 if (o->prof_name && !strcmp(o->prof_name, prof_name)) {
3321                         o->type = FIO_OPT_INVALID;
3322                         o->prof_name = NULL;
3323                 }
3324                 o++;
3325         }
3326 }
3327
3328 void add_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival, const char *help)
3329 {
3330         struct fio_option *o;
3331         unsigned int i;
3332
3333         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
3334         if (!o)
3335                 return;
3336
3337         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
3338                 if (o->posval[i].ival)
3339                         continue;
3340
3341                 o->posval[i].ival = ival;
3342                 o->posval[i].help = help;
3343                 break;
3344         }
3345 }
3346
3347 void del_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival)
3348 {
3349         struct fio_option *o;
3350         unsigned int i;
3351
3352         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
3353         if (!o)
3354                 return;
3355
3356         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
3357                 if (!o->posval[i].ival)
3358                         continue;
3359                 if (strcmp(o->posval[i].ival, ival))
3360                         continue;
3361
3362                 o->posval[i].ival = NULL;
3363                 o->posval[i].help = NULL;
3364         }
3365 }
3366
3367 void fio_options_free(struct thread_data *td)
3368 {
3369         options_free(fio_options, td);
3370         if (td->eo && td->io_ops && td->io_ops->options) {
3371                 options_free(td->io_ops->options, td->eo);
3372                 free(td->eo);
3373                 td->eo = NULL;
3374         }
3375 }
3376
3377 struct fio_option *fio_option_find(const char *name)
3378 {
3379         return find_option(fio_options, name);
3380 }
3381