options.c

   1 #include <stdio.h>
   2 #include <stdlib.h>
   3 #include <unistd.h>
   4 #include <ctype.h>
   5 #include <string.h>
   6 #include <assert.h>
   7 #include <libgen.h>
   8 #include <fcntl.h>
   9 #include <sys/types.h>
  10 #include <sys/stat.h>
  11
  12 #include "fio.h"
  13 #include "verify.h"
  14 #include "parse.h"
  15 #include "lib/fls.h"
  16 #include "options.h"
  17
  18 #include "crc/crc32c.h"
  19
  20 /*
  21  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
  22  */
  23 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
  24 {
  25         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
  26
  27         if (!p)
  28                 return NULL;
  29
  30         p++;
  31         strip_blank_front(&p);
  32         strip_blank_end(p);
  33         return strdup(p);
  34 }
  35
  36 static int converthexchartoint(char a)
  37 {
  38         int base;
  39
  40         switch (a) {
  41         case '0'...'9':
  42                 base = '0';
  43                 break;
  44         case 'A'...'F':
  45                 base = 'A' - 10;
  46                 break;
  47         case 'a'...'f':
  48                 base = 'a' - 10;
  49                 break;
  50         default:
  51                 base = 0;
  52         }
  53         return a - base;
  54 }
  55
  56 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  57 {
  58         const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
  59         const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
  60
  61         return bsp1->perc < bsp2->perc;
  62 }
  63
  64 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_options *o, int ddir, char *str)
  65 {
  66         struct bssplit *bssplit;
  67         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
  68         unsigned int max_bs, min_bs;
  69         long long val;
  70         char *fname;
  71
  72         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] = 4;
  73         bssplit = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  74
  75         i = 0;
  76         max_bs = 0;
  77         min_bs = -1;
  78         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
  79                 char *perc_str;
  80
  81                 if (!strlen(fname))
  82                         break;
  83
  84                 /*
  85                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
  86                  */
  87                 if (i == o->bssplit_nr[ddir]) {
  88                         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] <<= 1;
  89                         bssplit = realloc(bssplit, o->bssplit_nr[ddir]
  90                                                   * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  91                 }
  92
  93                 perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
  94                 if (perc_str) {
  95                         *perc_str = '\0';
  96                         perc_str++;
  97                         perc = atoi(perc_str);
  98                         if (perc > 100)
  99                                 perc = 100;
 100                         else if (!perc)
 101                                 perc = -1;
 102                 } else
 103                         perc = -1;
 104
 105                 if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, o, 0)) {
 106                         log_err("fio: bssplit conversion failed\n");
 107                         free(bssplit);
 108                         return 1;
 109                 }
 110
 111                 if (val > max_bs)
 112                         max_bs = val;
 113                 if (val < min_bs)
 114                         min_bs = val;
 115
 116                 bssplit[i].bs = val;
 117                 bssplit[i].perc = perc;
 118                 i++;
 119         }
 120
 121         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] = i;
 122
 123         /*
 124          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 125          */
 126         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 127         for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 128                 struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 129
 130                 if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 131                         perc_missing++;
 132                 else
 133                         perc += bsp->perc;
 134         }
 135
 136         if (perc > 100) {
 137                 log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 138                 free(bssplit);
 139                 return 1;
 140         }
 141         /*
 142          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 143          * them.
 144          */
 145         if (perc_missing) {
 146                 for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 147                         struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 148
 149                         if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 150                                 bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 151                 }
 152         }
 153
 154         o->min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
 155         o->max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
 156
 157         /*
 158          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 159          */
 160         qsort(bssplit, o->bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
 161         o->bssplit[ddir] = bssplit;
 162         return 0;
 163 }
 164
 165 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 166 {
 167         struct thread_data *td = data;
 168         char *str, *p, *odir, *ddir;
 169         int ret = 0;
 170
 171         if (parse_dryrun())
 172                 return 0;
 173
 174         p = str = strdup(input);
 175
 176         strip_blank_front(&str);
 177         strip_blank_end(str);
 178
 179         odir = strchr(str, ',');
 180         if (odir) {
 181                 ddir = strchr(odir + 1, ',');
 182                 if (ddir) {
 183                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, ddir + 1);
 184                         if (!ret)
 185                                 *ddir = '\0';
 186                 } else {
 187                         char *op;
 188
 189                         op = strdup(odir + 1);
 190                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 191
 192                         free(op);
 193                 }
 194                 if (!ret)
 195                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1);
 196                 if (!ret) {
 197                         *odir = '\0';
 198                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
 199                 }
 200         } else {
 201                 char *op;
 202
 203                 op = strdup(str);
 204                 ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, op);
 205                 free(op);
 206
 207                 if (!ret) {
 208                         op = strdup(str);
 209                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 210                         free(op);
 211                 }
 212                 ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
 213         }
 214
 215         free(p);
 216         return ret;
 217 }
 218
 219 static int str2error(char *str)
 220 {
 221         const char *err[] = { "EPERM", "ENOENT", "ESRCH", "EINTR", "EIO",
 222                             "ENXIO", "E2BIG", "ENOEXEC", "EBADF",
 223                             "ECHILD", "EAGAIN", "ENOMEM", "EACCES",
 224                             "EFAULT", "ENOTBLK", "EBUSY", "EEXIST",
 225                             "EXDEV", "ENODEV", "ENOTDIR", "EISDIR",
 226                             "EINVAL", "ENFILE", "EMFILE", "ENOTTY",
 227                             "ETXTBSY","EFBIG", "ENOSPC", "ESPIPE",
 228                             "EROFS","EMLINK", "EPIPE", "EDOM", "ERANGE" };
 229         int i = 0, num = sizeof(err) / sizeof(void *);
 230
 231         while (i < num) {
 232                 if (!strcmp(err[i], str))
 233                         return i + 1;
 234                 i++;
 235         }
 236         return 0;
 237 }
 238
 239 static int ignore_error_type(struct thread_data *td, int etype, char *str)
 240 {
 241         unsigned int i;
 242         int *error;
 243         char *fname;
 244
 245         if (etype >= ERROR_TYPE_CNT) {
 246                 log_err("Illegal error type\n");
 247                 return 1;
 248         }
 249
 250         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = 4;
 251         error = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
 252
 253         i = 0;
 254         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
 255
 256                 if (!strlen(fname))
 257                         break;
 258
 259                 /*
 260                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
 261                  */
 262                 if (i == td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]) {
 263                         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] <<= 1;
 264                         error = realloc(error, td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]
 265                                                   * sizeof(int));
 266                 }
 267                 if (fname[0] == 'E') {
 268                         error[i] = str2error(fname);
 269                 } else {
 270                         error[i] = atoi(fname);
 271                         if (error[i] < 0)
 272                                 error[i] = -error[i];
 273                 }
 274                 if (!error[i]) {
 275                         log_err("Unknown error %s, please use number value \n",
 276                                   fname);
 277                         free(error);
 278                         return 1;
 279                 }
 280                 i++;
 281         }
 282         if (i) {
 283                 td->o.continue_on_error |= 1 << etype;
 284                 td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = i;
 285                 td->o.ignore_error[etype] = error;
 286         } else
 287                 free(error);
 288
 289         return 0;
 290
 291 }
 292
 293 static int str_ignore_error_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 294 {
 295         struct thread_data *td = data;
 296         char *str, *p, *n;
 297         int type = 0, ret = 1;
 298
 299         if (parse_dryrun())
 300                 return 0;
 301
 302         p = str = strdup(input);
 303
 304         strip_blank_front(&str);
 305         strip_blank_end(str);
 306
 307         while (p) {
 308                 n = strchr(p, ',');
 309                 if (n)
 310                         *n++ = '\0';
 311                 ret = ignore_error_type(td, type, p);
 312                 if (ret)
 313                         break;
 314                 p = n;
 315                 type++;
 316         }
 317         free(str);
 318         return ret;
 319 }
 320
 321 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 322 {
 323         struct thread_data *td = data;
 324         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
 325         char *nr;
 326
 327         if (parse_dryrun())
 328                 return 0;
 329
 330         o->ddir_seq_nr = 1;
 331         o->ddir_seq_add = 0;
 332
 333         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 334         if (!nr)
 335                 return 0;
 336
 337         if (td_random(td))
 338                 o->ddir_seq_nr = atoi(nr);
 339         else {
 340                 long long val;
 341
 342                 if (str_to_decimal(nr, &val, 1, o, 0)) {
 343                         log_err("fio: rw postfix parsing failed\n");
 344                         free(nr);
 345                         return 1;
 346                 }
 347
 348                 o->ddir_seq_add = val;
 349         }
 350
 351         free(nr);
 352         return 0;
 353 }
 354
 355 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 356 {
 357         struct thread_data *td = data;
 358
 359         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAP)
 360                 td->o.mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
 361
 362         return 0;
 363 }
 364
 365 static int fio_clock_source_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 366 {
 367         struct thread_data *td = data;
 368
 369         fio_clock_source = td->o.clocksource;
 370         fio_clock_source_set = 1;
 371         fio_clock_init();
 372         return 0;
 373 }
 374
 375 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 376 {
 377         struct thread_data *td = data;
 378
 379         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
 380         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
 381         return 0;
 382 }
 383
 384 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 385 {
 386         struct thread_data *td = data;
 387
 388         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
 389         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
 390         return 0;
 391 }
 392
 393 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
 394 {
 395         exitall_on_terminate = 1;
 396         return 0;
 397 }
 398
 399 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 400 int fio_cpus_split(os_cpu_mask_t *mask, unsigned int cpu_index)
 401 {
 402         unsigned int i, index, cpus_in_mask;
 403         const long max_cpu = cpus_online();
 404
 405         cpus_in_mask = fio_cpu_count(mask);
 406         cpu_index = cpu_index % cpus_in_mask;
 407
 408         index = 0;
 409         for (i = 0; i < max_cpu; i++) {
 410                 if (!fio_cpu_isset(mask, i))
 411                         continue;
 412
 413                 if (cpu_index != index)
 414                         fio_cpu_clear(mask, i);
 415
 416                 index++;
 417         }
 418
 419         return fio_cpu_count(mask);
 420 }
 421
 422 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 423 {
 424         struct thread_data *td = data;
 425         unsigned int i;
 426         long max_cpu;
 427         int ret;
 428
 429         if (parse_dryrun())
 430                 return 0;
 431
 432         ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
 433         if (ret < 0) {
 434                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 435                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 436                 return 1;
 437         }
 438
 439         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 440
 441         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
 442                 if ((1 << i) & *val) {
 443                         if (i > max_cpu) {
 444                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
 445                                                                 max_cpu);
 446                                 return 1;
 447                         }
 448                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
 449                         fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
 450                 }
 451         }
 452
 453         td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 454         return 0;
 455 }
 456
 457 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
 458                             const char *input)
 459 {
 460         char *cpu, *str, *p;
 461         long max_cpu;
 462         int ret = 0;
 463
 464         ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
 465         if (ret < 0) {
 466                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 467                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 468                 return 1;
 469         }
 470
 471         p = str = strdup(input);
 472
 473         strip_blank_front(&str);
 474         strip_blank_end(str);
 475
 476         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 477
 478         while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
 479                 char *str2, *cpu2;
 480                 int icpu, icpu2;
 481
 482                 if (!strlen(cpu))
 483                         break;
 484
 485                 str2 = cpu;
 486                 icpu2 = -1;
 487                 while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
 488                         if (!strlen(cpu2))
 489                                 break;
 490
 491                         icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
 492                 }
 493
 494                 icpu = atoi(cpu);
 495                 if (icpu2 == -1)
 496                         icpu2 = icpu;
 497                 while (icpu <= icpu2) {
 498                         if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
 499                                 log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
 500                                         " %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
 501                                 ret = 1;
 502                                 break;
 503                         }
 504                         if (icpu > max_cpu) {
 505                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
 506                                                         icpu, max_cpu);
 507                                 ret = 1;
 508                                 break;
 509                         }
 510
 511                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
 512                         fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
 513                         icpu++;
 514                 }
 515                 if (ret)
 516                         break;
 517         }
 518
 519         free(p);
 520         if (!ret)
 521                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 522         return ret;
 523 }
 524
 525 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 526 {
 527         struct thread_data *td = data;
 528         int ret;
 529
 530         if (parse_dryrun())
 531                 return 0;
 532
 533         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
 534         if (!ret)
 535                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 536
 537         return ret;
 538 }
 539
 540 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 541 {
 542         struct thread_data *td = data;
 543         int ret;
 544
 545         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
 546         if (!ret)
 547                 td->o.verify_cpumask_set = 1;
 548
 549         return ret;
 550 }
 551 #endif
 552
 553 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
 554 static int str_numa_cpunodes_cb(void *data, char *input)
 555 {
 556         struct thread_data *td = data;
 557         struct bitmask *verify_bitmask;
 558
 559         if (parse_dryrun())
 560                 return 0;
 561
 562         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 563          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 564          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 565          * numa_free_nodemask().
 566          */
 567         verify_bitmask = numa_parse_nodestring(input);
 568         if (verify_bitmask == NULL) {
 569                 log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 570                 td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_cpunodes_cb");
 571                 return 1;
 572         }
 573         numa_free_nodemask(verify_bitmask);
 574
 575         td->o.numa_cpunodes = strdup(input);
 576         td->o.numa_cpumask_set = 1;
 577         return 0;
 578 }
 579
 580 static int str_numa_mpol_cb(void *data, char *input)
 581 {
 582         struct thread_data *td = data;
 583         const char * const policy_types[] =
 584                 { "default", "prefer", "bind", "interleave", "local", NULL };
 585         int i;
 586         char *nodelist;
 587         struct bitmask *verify_bitmask;
 588
 589         if (parse_dryrun())
 590                 return 0;
 591
 592         nodelist = strchr(input, ':');
 593         if (nodelist) {
 594                 /* NUL-terminate mode */
 595                 *nodelist++ = '\0';
 596         }
 597
 598         for (i = 0; i <= MPOL_LOCAL; i++) {
 599                 if (!strcmp(input, policy_types[i])) {
 600                         td->o.numa_mem_mode = i;
 601                         break;
 602                 }
 603         }
 604         if (i > MPOL_LOCAL) {
 605                 log_err("fio: memory policy should be: default, prefer, bind, interleave, local\n");
 606                 goto out;
 607         }
 608
 609         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 610         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 611                 /*
 612                  * Insist on a nodelist of one node only
 613                  */
 614                 if (nodelist) {
 615                         char *rest = nodelist;
 616                         while (isdigit(*rest))
 617                                 rest++;
 618                         if (*rest) {
 619                                 log_err("fio: one node only for \'prefer\'\n");
 620                                 goto out;
 621                         }
 622                 } else {
 623                         log_err("fio: one node is needed for \'prefer\'\n");
 624                         goto out;
 625                 }
 626                 break;
 627         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 628                 /*
 629                  * Default to online nodes with memory if no nodelist
 630                  */
 631                 if (!nodelist)
 632                         nodelist = strdup("all");
 633                 break;
 634         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 635         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 636                 /*
 637                  * Don't allow a nodelist
 638                  */
 639                 if (nodelist) {
 640                         log_err("fio: NO nodelist for \'local\'\n");
 641                         goto out;
 642                 }
 643                 break;
 644         case MPOL_BIND:
 645                 /*
 646                  * Insist on a nodelist
 647                  */
 648                 if (!nodelist) {
 649                         log_err("fio: a nodelist is needed for \'bind\'\n");
 650                         goto out;
 651                 }
 652                 break;
 653         }
 654
 655
 656         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 657          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 658          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 659          * numa_free_nodemask().
 660          */
 661         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 662         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 663                 td->o.numa_mem_prefer_node = atoi(nodelist);
 664                 break;
 665         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 666         case MPOL_BIND:
 667                 verify_bitmask = numa_parse_nodestring(nodelist);
 668                 if (verify_bitmask == NULL) {
 669                         log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 670                         td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_memnodes_cb");
 671                         return 1;
 672                 }
 673                 td->o.numa_memnodes = strdup(nodelist);
 674                 numa_free_nodemask(verify_bitmask);
 675
 676                 break;
 677         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 678         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 679         default:
 680                 break;
 681         }
 682
 683         td->o.numa_memmask_set = 1;
 684         return 0;
 685
 686 out:
 687         return 1;
 688 }
 689 #endif
 690
 691 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 692 {
 693         struct thread_data *td = data;
 694         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 695
 696         td->file_service_nr = 1;
 697         if (nr) {
 698                 td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
 699                 free(nr);
 700         }
 701
 702         return 0;
 703 }
 704
 705 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
 706 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 707 {
 708         struct thread_data *td = data;
 709         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 710
 711         td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
 712         if (nr) {
 713                 td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
 714                 free(nr);
 715         }
 716
 717         return 0;
 718 }
 719 #endif
 720
 721 static int str_random_distribution_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 722 {
 723         struct thread_data *td = data;
 724         double val;
 725         char *nr;
 726
 727         if (parse_dryrun())
 728                 return 0;
 729
 730         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF)
 731                 val = 1.1;
 732         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO)
 733                 val = 0.2;
 734         else
 735                 return 0;
 736
 737         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 738         if (nr && !str_to_float(nr, &val)) {
 739                 log_err("fio: random postfix parsing failed\n");
 740                 free(nr);
 741                 return 1;
 742         }
 743
 744         free(nr);
 745
 746         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF) {
 747                 if (val == 1.00) {
 748                         log_err("fio: zipf theta must different than 1.0\n");
 749                         return 1;
 750                 }
 751                 td->o.zipf_theta.u.f = val;
 752         } else {
 753                 if (val <= 0.00 || val >= 1.00) {
 754                         log_err("fio: pareto input out of range (0 < input < 1.0)\n");
 755                         return 1;
 756                 }
 757                 td->o.pareto_h.u.f = val;
 758         }
 759
 760         return 0;
 761 }
 762
 763 /*
 764  * Return next name in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
 765  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
 766  * indicate a new file.
 767  */
 768 static char *get_next_name(char **ptr)
 769 {
 770         char *str = *ptr;
 771         char *p, *start;
 772
 773         if (!str || !strlen(str))
 774                 return NULL;
 775
 776         start = str;
 777         do {
 778                 /*
 779                  * No colon, we are done
 780                  */
 781                 p = strchr(str, ':');
 782                 if (!p) {
 783                         *ptr = NULL;
 784                         break;
 785                 }
 786
 787                 /*
 788                  * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
 789                  * continue
 790                  */
 791                 if (p == start) {
 792                         str = ++start;
 793                         continue;
 794                 }
 795
 796                 if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
 797                         *p = '\0';
 798                         *ptr = p + 1;
 799                         break;
 800                 }
 801
 802                 memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
 803                 str = p;
 804         } while (1);
 805
 806         return start;
 807 }
 808
 809
 810 static int get_max_name_idx(char *input)
 811 {
 812         unsigned int cur_idx;
 813         char *str, *p;
 814
 815         p = str = strdup(input);
 816         for (cur_idx = 0; ; cur_idx++)
 817                 if (get_next_name(&str) == NULL)
 818                         break;
 819
 820         free(p);
 821         return cur_idx;
 822 }
 823
 824 /*
 825  * Returns the directory at the index, indexes > entires will be
 826  * assigned via modulo division of the index
 827  */
 828 int set_name_idx(char *target, char *input, int index)
 829 {
 830         unsigned int cur_idx;
 831         int len;
 832         char *fname, *str, *p;
 833
 834         p = str = strdup(input);
 835
 836         index %= get_max_name_idx(input);
 837         for (cur_idx = 0; cur_idx <= index; cur_idx++)
 838                 fname = get_next_name(&str);
 839
 840         len = sprintf(target, "%s/", fname);
 841         free(p);
 842
 843         return len;
 844 }
 845
 846 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 847 {
 848         struct thread_data *td = data;
 849         char *fname, *str, *p;
 850
 851         p = str = strdup(input);
 852
 853         strip_blank_front(&str);
 854         strip_blank_end(str);
 855
 856         if (!td->files_index)
 857                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 858
 859         while ((fname = get_next_name(&str)) != NULL) {
 860                 if (!strlen(fname))
 861                         break;
 862                 add_file(td, fname, 0, 1);
 863         }
 864
 865         free(p);
 866         return 0;
 867 }
 868
 869 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *unused)
 870 {
 871         struct thread_data *td = data;
 872         struct stat sb;
 873         char *dirname, *str, *p;
 874         int ret = 0;
 875
 876         if (parse_dryrun())
 877                 return 0;
 878
 879         p = str = strdup(td->o.directory);
 880         while ((dirname = get_next_name(&str)) != NULL) {
 881                 if (lstat(dirname, &sb) < 0) {
 882                         ret = errno;
 883
 884                         log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dirname);
 885                         td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 886                         goto out;
 887                 }
 888                 if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 889                         log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dirname);
 890                         ret = 1;
 891                         goto out;
 892                 }
 893         }
 894
 895 out:
 896         free(p);
 897         return ret;
 898 }
 899
 900 static int str_lockfile_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 901 {
 902         struct thread_data *td = data;
 903
 904         if (td->files_index) {
 905                 log_err("fio: lockfile= option must precede filename=\n");
 906                 return 1;
 907         }
 908
 909         return 0;
 910 }
 911
 912 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 913 {
 914         struct thread_data *td = data;
 915
 916         if (parse_dryrun())
 917                 return 0;
 918
 919         if (!td->files_index)
 920                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 921
 922         return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
 923 }
 924
 925 static int pattern_cb(char *pattern, unsigned int max_size,
 926                       const char *input, unsigned int *pattern_bytes)
 927 {
 928         long off;
 929         int i = 0, j = 0, len, k, base = 10;
 930         uint32_t pattern_length;
 931         char *loc1, *loc2;
 932
 933         loc1 = strstr(input, "0x");
 934         loc2 = strstr(input, "0X");
 935         if (loc1 || loc2)
 936                 base = 16;
 937         off = strtol(input, NULL, base);
 938         if (off != LONG_MAX || errno != ERANGE) {
 939                 while (off) {
 940                         pattern[i] = off & 0xff;
 941                         off >>= 8;
 942                         i++;
 943                 }
 944         } else {
 945                 len = strlen(input);
 946                 k = len - 1;
 947                 if (base == 16) {
 948                         if (loc1)
 949                                 j = loc1 - input + 2;
 950                         else
 951                                 j = loc2 - input + 2;
 952                 } else
 953                         return 1;
 954                 if (len - j < max_size * 2) {
 955                         while (k >= j) {
 956                                 off = converthexchartoint(input[k--]);
 957                                 if (k >= j)
 958                                         off += (converthexchartoint(input[k--])
 959                                                 * 16);
 960                                 pattern[i++] = (char) off;
 961                         }
 962                 }
 963         }
 964
 965         /*
 966          * Fill the pattern all the way to the end. This greatly reduces
 967          * the number of memcpy's we have to do when verifying the IO.
 968          */
 969         pattern_length = i;
 970         while (i > 1 && i * 2 <= max_size) {
 971                 memcpy(&pattern[i], &pattern[0], i);
 972                 i *= 2;
 973         }
 974
 975         /*
 976          * Fill remainder, if the pattern multiple ends up not being
 977          * max_size.
 978          */
 979         while (i > 1 && i < max_size) {
 980                 unsigned int b = min(pattern_length, max_size - i);
 981
 982                 memcpy(&pattern[i], &pattern[0], b);
 983                 i += b;
 984         }
 985
 986         if (i == 1) {
 987                 /*
 988                  * The code in verify_io_u_pattern assumes a single byte pattern
 989                  * fills the whole verify pattern buffer.
 990                  */
 991                 memset(pattern, pattern[0], max_size);
 992         }
 993
 994         *pattern_bytes = i;
 995         return 0;
 996 }
 997
 998 static int str_buffer_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 999 {
1000         struct thread_data *td = data;
1001         int ret;
1002
1003         ret = pattern_cb(td->o.buffer_pattern, MAX_PATTERN_SIZE, input,
1004                                 &td->o.buffer_pattern_bytes);
1005
1006         if (!ret) {
1007                 td->o.refill_buffers = 0;
1008                 td->o.scramble_buffers = 0;
1009                 td->o.zero_buffers = 0;
1010         }
1011
1012         return ret;
1013 }
1014
1015 static int str_buffer_compress_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *il)
1016 {
1017         struct thread_data *td = data;
1018
1019         td->flags |= TD_F_COMPRESS;
1020         td->o.compress_percentage = *il;
1021         return 0;
1022 }
1023
1024 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1025 {
1026         struct thread_data *td = data;
1027         int ret;
1028
1029         ret = pattern_cb(td->o.verify_pattern, MAX_PATTERN_SIZE, input,
1030                                 &td->o.verify_pattern_bytes);
1031
1032         /*
1033          * VERIFY_META could already be set
1034          */
1035         if (!ret && td->o.verify == VERIFY_NONE)
1036                 td->o.verify = VERIFY_PATTERN;
1037
1038         return ret;
1039 }
1040
1041 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
1042 {
1043         struct thread_data *td = data;
1044         int val = *il;
1045
1046         td->o.disable_lat = !!val;
1047         td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
1048         td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
1049         td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
1050         td->o.clat_percentiles = !val;
1051         if (val)
1052                 td->tv_cache_mask = 63;
1053
1054         return 0;
1055 }
1056
1057 static int str_gtod_cpu_cb(void *data, long long *il)
1058 {
1059         struct thread_data *td = data;
1060         int val = *il;
1061
1062         td->o.gtod_cpu = val;
1063         td->o.gtod_offload = 1;
1064         return 0;
1065 }
1066
1067 static int str_size_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *__val)
1068 {
1069         struct thread_data *td = data;
1070         unsigned long long v = *__val;
1071
1072         if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
1073                 td->o.size = 0;
1074                 td->o.size_percent = -1ULL - v;
1075         } else
1076                 td->o.size = v;
1077
1078         return 0;
1079 }
1080
1081 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
1082 {
1083         struct thread_data *td = data;
1084
1085         if (read_only && td_write(td)) {
1086                 log_err("fio: job <%s> has write bit set, but fio is in"
1087                         " read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
1088                 return 1;
1089         }
1090
1091         return 0;
1092 }
1093
1094 static int gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
1095 {
1096 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1097         struct thread_data *td = data;
1098
1099         if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
1100                 log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
1101                         "gettimeofday() offloading\n");
1102                 return 1;
1103         }
1104 #endif
1105
1106         return 0;
1107 }
1108
1109 /*
1110  * Option grouping
1111  */
1112 static struct opt_group fio_opt_groups[] = {
1113         {
1114                 .name   = "General",
1115                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1116         },
1117         {
1118                 .name   = "I/O",
1119                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1120         },
1121         {
1122                 .name   = "File",
1123                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1124         },
1125         {
1126                 .name   = "Statistics",
1127                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
1128         },
1129         {
1130                 .name   = "Logging",
1131                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
1132         },
1133         {
1134                 .name   = "Profiles",
1135                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
1136         },
1137         {
1138                 .name   = NULL,
1139         },
1140 };
1141
1142 static struct opt_group *__opt_group_from_mask(struct opt_group *ogs, unsigned int *mask,
1143                                                unsigned int inv_mask)
1144 {
1145         struct opt_group *og;
1146         int i;
1147
1148         if (*mask == inv_mask || !*mask)
1149                 return NULL;
1150
1151         for (i = 0; ogs[i].name; i++) {
1152                 og = &ogs[i];
1153
1154                 if (*mask & og->mask) {
1155                         *mask &= ~(og->mask);
1156                         return og;
1157                 }
1158         }
1159
1160         return NULL;
1161 }
1162
1163 struct opt_group *opt_group_from_mask(unsigned int *mask)
1164 {
1165         return __opt_group_from_mask(fio_opt_groups, mask, FIO_OPT_C_INVALID);
1166 }
1167
1168 static struct opt_group fio_opt_cat_groups[] = {
1169         {
1170                 .name   = "Latency profiling",
1171                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
1172         },
1173         {
1174                 .name   = "Rate",
1175                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
1176         },
1177         {
1178                 .name   = "Zone",
1179                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
1180         },
1181         {
1182                 .name   = "Read/write mix",
1183                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
1184         },
1185         {
1186                 .name   = "Verify",
1187                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1188         },
1189         {
1190                 .name   = "Trim",
1191                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
1192         },
1193         {
1194                 .name   = "I/O Logging",
1195                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
1196         },
1197         {
1198                 .name   = "I/O Depth",
1199                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_DEPTH,
1200         },
1201         {
1202                 .name   = "I/O Flow",
1203                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
1204         },
1205         {
1206                 .name   = "Description",
1207                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1208         },
1209         {
1210                 .name   = "Filename",
1211                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1212         },
1213         {
1214                 .name   = "General I/O",
1215                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1216         },
1217         {
1218                 .name   = "Cgroups",
1219                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
1220         },
1221         {
1222                 .name   = "Runtime",
1223                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1224         },
1225         {
1226                 .name   = "Process",
1227                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
1228         },
1229         {
1230                 .name   = "Job credentials / priority",
1231                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
1232         },
1233         {
1234                 .name   = "Clock settings",
1235                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
1236         },
1237         {
1238                 .name   = "I/O Type",
1239                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1240         },
1241         {
1242                 .name   = "I/O Thinktime",
1243                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
1244         },
1245         {
1246                 .name   = "Randomizations",
1247                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1248         },
1249         {
1250                 .name   = "I/O buffers",
1251                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
1252         },
1253         {
1254                 .name   = "Tiobench profile",
1255                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_TIOBENCH,
1256         },
1257
1258         {
1259                 .name   = NULL,
1260         }
1261 };
1262
1263 struct opt_group *opt_group_cat_from_mask(unsigned int *mask)
1264 {
1265         return __opt_group_from_mask(fio_opt_cat_groups, mask, FIO_OPT_G_INVALID);
1266 }
1267
1268 /*
1269  * Map of job/command line options
1270  */
1271 struct fio_option fio_options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
1272         {
1273                 .name   = "description",
1274                 .lname  = "Description of job",
1275                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1276                 .off1   = td_var_offset(description),
1277                 .help   = "Text job description",
1278                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1279                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1280         },
1281         {
1282                 .name   = "name",
1283                 .lname  = "Job name",
1284                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1285                 .off1   = td_var_offset(name),
1286                 .help   = "Name of this job",
1287                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1288                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1289         },
1290         {
1291                 .name   = "filename",
1292                 .lname  = "Filename(s)",
1293                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1294                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename),
1295                 .cb     = str_filename_cb,
1296                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1297                 .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
1298                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1299                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1300         },
1301         {
1302                 .name   = "directory",
1303                 .lname  = "Directory",
1304                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1305                 .off1   = td_var_offset(directory),
1306                 .cb     = str_directory_cb,
1307                 .help   = "Directory to store files in",
1308                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1309                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1310         },
1311         {
1312                 .name   = "filename_format",
1313                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1314                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename_format),
1315                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1316                 .help   = "Override default $jobname.$jobnum.$filenum naming",
1317                 .def    = "$jobname.$jobnum.$filenum",
1318                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1319                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1320         },
1321         {
1322                 .name   = "lockfile",
1323                 .lname  = "Lockfile",
1324                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1325                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_lock_mode),
1326                 .help   = "Lock file when doing IO to it",
1327                 .prio   = 1,
1328                 .parent = "filename",
1329                 .hide   = 0,
1330                 .def    = "none",
1331                 .cb     = str_lockfile_cb,
1332                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1333                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1334                 .posval = {
1335                           { .ival = "none",
1336                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
1337                             .help = "No file locking",
1338                           },
1339                           { .ival = "exclusive",
1340                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
1341                             .help = "Exclusive file lock",
1342                           },
1343                           {
1344                             .ival = "readwrite",
1345                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
1346                             .help = "Read vs write lock",
1347                           },
1348                 },
1349         },
1350         {
1351                 .name   = "opendir",
1352                 .lname  = "Open directory",
1353                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1354                 .off1   = td_var_offset(opendir),
1355                 .cb     = str_opendir_cb,
1356                 .help   = "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
1357                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1358                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1359         },
1360         {
1361                 .name   = "rw",
1362                 .lname  = "Read/write",
1363                 .alias  = "readwrite",
1364                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1365                 .cb     = str_rw_cb,
1366                 .off1   = td_var_offset(td_ddir),
1367                 .help   = "IO direction",
1368                 .def    = "read",
1369                 .verify = rw_verify,
1370                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1371                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1372                 .posval = {
1373                           { .ival = "read",
1374                             .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
1375                             .help = "Sequential read",
1376                           },
1377                           { .ival = "write",
1378                             .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
1379                             .help = "Sequential write",
1380                           },
1381                           { .ival = "trim",
1382                             .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIM,
1383                             .help = "Sequential trim",
1384                           },
1385                           { .ival = "randread",
1386                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
1387                             .help = "Random read",
1388                           },
1389                           { .ival = "randwrite",
1390                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
1391                             .help = "Random write",
1392                           },
1393                           { .ival = "randtrim",
1394                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDTRIM,
1395                             .help = "Random trim",
1396                           },
1397                           { .ival = "rw",
1398                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1399                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1400                           },
1401                           { .ival = "readwrite",
1402                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1403                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1404                           },
1405                           { .ival = "randrw",
1406                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
1407                             .help = "Random read and write mix"
1408                           },
1409                 },
1410         },
1411         {
1412                 .name   = "rw_sequencer",
1413                 .lname  = "RW Sequencer",
1414                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1415                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rw_seq),
1416                 .help   = "IO offset generator modifier",
1417                 .def    = "sequential",
1418                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1419                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1420                 .posval = {
1421                           { .ival = "sequential",
1422                             .oval = RW_SEQ_SEQ,
1423                             .help = "Generate sequential offsets",
1424                           },
1425                           { .ival = "identical",
1426                             .oval = RW_SEQ_IDENT,
1427                             .help = "Generate identical offsets",
1428                           },
1429                 },
1430         },
1431
1432         {
1433                 .name   = "ioengine",
1434                 .lname  = "IO Engine",
1435                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1436                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioengine),
1437                 .help   = "IO engine to use",
1438                 .def    = FIO_PREFERRED_ENGINE,
1439                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1440                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1441                 .posval = {
1442                           { .ival = "sync",
1443                             .help = "Use read/write",
1444                           },
1445                           { .ival = "psync",
1446                             .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
1447                           },
1448                           { .ival = "vsync",
1449                             .help = "Use readv/writev",
1450                           },
1451 #ifdef CONFIG_PWRITEV
1452                           { .ival = "pvsync",
1453                             .help = "Use preadv/pwritev",
1454                           },
1455 #endif
1456 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBAIO
1457                           { .ival = "libaio",
1458                             .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
1459                           },
1460 #endif
1461 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIXAIO
1462                           { .ival = "posixaio",
1463                             .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
1464                           },
1465 #endif
1466 #ifdef CONFIG_SOLARISAIO
1467                           { .ival = "solarisaio",
1468                             .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
1469                           },
1470 #endif
1471 #ifdef CONFIG_WINDOWSAIO
1472                           { .ival = "windowsaio",
1473                             .help = "Windows native asynchronous IO"
1474                           },
1475 #endif
1476 #ifdef CONFIG_RBD
1477                           { .ival = "rbd",
1478                             .help = "Rados Block Device asynchronous IO"
1479                           },
1480 #endif
1481                           { .ival = "mmap",
1482                             .help = "Memory mapped IO"
1483                           },
1484 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_SPLICE
1485                           { .ival = "splice",
1486                             .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
1487                           },
1488                           { .ival = "netsplice",
1489                             .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
1490                           },
1491 #endif
1492 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
1493                           { .ival = "sg",
1494                             .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
1495                           },
1496 #endif
1497                           { .ival = "null",
1498                             .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
1499                           },
1500                           { .ival = "net",
1501                             .help = "Network IO",
1502                           },
1503                           { .ival = "cpuio",
1504                             .help = "CPU cycle burner engine",
1505                           },
1506 #ifdef CONFIG_GUASI
1507                           { .ival = "guasi",
1508                             .help = "GUASI IO engine",
1509                           },
1510 #endif
1511 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_BINJECT
1512                           { .ival = "binject",
1513                             .help = "binject direct inject block engine",
1514                           },
1515 #endif
1516 #ifdef CONFIG_RDMA
1517                           { .ival = "rdma",
1518                             .help = "RDMA IO engine",
1519                           },
1520 #endif
1521 #ifdef CONFIG_FUSION_AW
1522                           { .ival = "fusion-aw-sync",
1523                             .help = "Fusion-io atomic write engine",
1524                           },
1525 #endif
1526 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_EXT4_MOVE_EXTENT
1527                           { .ival = "e4defrag",
1528                             .help = "ext4 defrag engine",
1529                           },
1530 #endif
1531 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1532                           { .ival = "falloc",
1533                             .help = "fallocate() file based engine",
1534                           },
1535 #endif
1536 #ifdef CONFIG_GFAPI
1537                           { .ival = "gfapi",
1538                             .help = "Glusterfs libgfapi(sync) based engine"
1539                           },
1540                           { .ival = "gfapi_async",
1541                             .help = "Glusterfs libgfapi(async) based engine"
1542                           },
1543 #endif
1544
1545                           { .ival = "external",
1546                             .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
1547                           },
1548                 },
1549         },
1550         {
1551                 .name   = "iodepth",
1552                 .lname  = "IO Depth",
1553                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1554                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth),
1555                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to keep in flight",
1556                 .minval = 1,
1557                 .interval = 1,
1558                 .def    = "1",
1559                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1560                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1561         },
1562         {
1563                 .name   = "iodepth_batch",
1564                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch",
1565                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_submit",
1566                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1567                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch),
1568                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
1569                 .parent = "iodepth",
1570                 .hide   = 1,
1571                 .minval = 1,
1572                 .interval = 1,
1573                 .def    = "1",
1574                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1575                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1576         },
1577         {
1578                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete",
1579                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch complete",
1580                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1581                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch_complete),
1582                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
1583                 .parent = "iodepth",
1584                 .hide   = 1,
1585                 .minval = 0,
1586                 .interval = 1,
1587                 .def    = "1",
1588                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1589                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1590         },
1591         {
1592                 .name   = "iodepth_low",
1593                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch low",
1594                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1595                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_low),
1596                 .help   = "Low water mark for queuing depth",
1597                 .parent = "iodepth",
1598                 .hide   = 1,
1599                 .interval = 1,
1600                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1601                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1602         },
1603         {
1604                 .name   = "size",
1605                 .lname  = "Size",
1606                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1607                 .cb     = str_size_cb,
1608                 .help   = "Total size of device or files",
1609                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1610                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1611                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1612         },
1613         {
1614                 .name   = "io_limit",
1615                 .lname  = "IO Limit",
1616                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1617                 .off1   = td_var_offset(io_limit),
1618                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1619                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1620                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1621         },
1622         {
1623                 .name   = "fill_device",
1624                 .lname  = "Fill device",
1625                 .alias  = "fill_fs",
1626                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1627                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fill_device),
1628                 .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
1629                 .def    = "0",
1630                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1631                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1632         },
1633         {
1634                 .name   = "filesize",
1635                 .lname  = "File size",
1636                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1637                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_size_low),
1638                 .off2   = td_var_offset(file_size_high),
1639                 .minval = 1,
1640                 .help   = "Size of individual files",
1641                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1642                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1643                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1644         },
1645         {
1646                 .name   = "file_append",
1647                 .lname  = "File append",
1648                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1649                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_append),
1650                 .help   = "IO will start at the end of the file(s)",
1651                 .def    = "0",
1652                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1653                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1654         },
1655         {
1656                 .name   = "offset",
1657                 .lname  = "IO offset",
1658                 .alias  = "fileoffset",
1659                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1660                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_offset),
1661                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset",
1662                 .def    = "0",
1663                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1664                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1665                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1666         },
1667         {
1668                 .name   = "offset_increment",
1669                 .lname  = "IO offset increment",
1670                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1671                 .off1   = td_var_offset(offset_increment),
1672                 .help   = "What is the increment from one offset to the next",
1673                 .parent = "offset",
1674                 .hide   = 1,
1675                 .def    = "0",
1676                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1677                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1678                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1679         },
1680         {
1681                 .name   = "number_ios",
1682                 .lname  = "Number of IOs to perform",
1683                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1684                 .off1   = td_var_offset(number_ios),
1685                 .help   = "Force job completion of this number of IOs",
1686                 .def    = "0",
1687                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1688                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1689         },
1690         {
1691                 .name   = "bs",
1692                 .lname  = "Block size",
1693                 .alias  = "blocksize",
1694                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1695                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_READ]),
1696                 .off2   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1697                 .off3   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1698                 .minval = 1,
1699                 .help   = "Block size unit",
1700                 .def    = "4k",
1701                 .parent = "rw",
1702                 .hide   = 1,
1703                 .interval = 512,
1704                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1705                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1706         },
1707         {
1708                 .name   = "ba",
1709                 .lname  = "Block size align",
1710                 .alias  = "blockalign",
1711                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1712                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_READ]),
1713                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
1714                 .off3   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_TRIM]),
1715                 .minval = 1,
1716                 .help   = "IO block offset alignment",
1717                 .parent = "rw",
1718                 .hide   = 1,
1719                 .interval = 512,
1720                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1721                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1722         },
1723         {
1724                 .name   = "bsrange",
1725                 .lname  = "Block size range",
1726                 .alias  = "blocksize_range",
1727                 .type   = FIO_OPT_RANGE,
1728                 .off1   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1729                 .off2   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1730                 .off3   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1731                 .off4   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1732                 .off5   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1733                 .off6   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1734                 .minval = 1,
1735                 .help   = "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
1736                 .parent = "rw",
1737                 .hide   = 1,
1738                 .interval = 4096,
1739                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1740                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1741         },
1742         {
1743                 .name   = "bssplit",
1744                 .lname  = "Block size split",
1745                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1746                 .cb     = str_bssplit_cb,
1747                 .help   = "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
1748                 .parent = "rw",
1749                 .hide   = 1,
1750                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1751                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1752         },
1753         {
1754                 .name   = "bs_unaligned",
1755                 .lname  = "Block size unaligned",
1756                 .alias  = "blocksize_unaligned",
1757                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1758                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_unaligned),
1759                 .help   = "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
1760                 .parent = "rw",
1761                 .hide   = 1,
1762                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1763                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1764         },
1765         {
1766                 .name   = "bs_is_seq_rand",
1767                 .lname  = "Block size division is seq/random (not read/write)",
1768                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1769                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_is_seq_rand),
1770                 .help   = "Consider any blocksize setting to be sequential,ramdom",
1771                 .def    = "0",
1772                 .parent = "blocksize",
1773                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1774                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1775         },
1776         {
1777                 .name   = "randrepeat",
1778                 .lname  = "Random repeatable",
1779                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1780                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rand_repeatable),
1781                 .help   = "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
1782                 .def    = "1",
1783                 .parent = "rw",
1784                 .hide   = 1,
1785                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1786                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1787         },
1788         {
1789                 .name   = "randseed",
1790                 .lname  = "The random generator seed",
1791                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1792                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rand_seed),
1793                 .help   = "Set the random generator seed value",
1794                 .parent = "rw",
1795                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1796                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1797         },
1798         {
1799                 .name   = "use_os_rand",
1800                 .lname  = "Use OS random",
1801                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1802                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_os_rand),
1803                 .help   = "Set to use OS random generator",
1804                 .def    = "0",
1805                 .parent = "rw",
1806                 .hide   = 1,
1807                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1808                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1809         },
1810         {
1811                 .name   = "norandommap",
1812                 .lname  = "No randommap",
1813                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1814                 .off1   = td_var_offset(norandommap),
1815                 .help   = "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
1816                 .parent = "rw",
1817                 .hide   = 1,
1818                 .hide_on_set = 1,
1819                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1820                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1821         },
1822         {
1823                 .name   = "softrandommap",
1824                 .lname  = "Soft randommap",
1825                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1826                 .off1   = td_var_offset(softrandommap),
1827                 .help   = "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
1828                 .parent = "norandommap",
1829                 .hide   = 1,
1830                 .def    = "0",
1831                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1832                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1833         },
1834         {
1835                 .name   = "random_generator",
1836                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1837                 .off1   = td_var_offset(random_generator),
1838                 .help   = "Type of random number generator to use",
1839                 .def    = "tausworthe",
1840                 .posval = {
1841                           { .ival = "tausworthe",
1842                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_TAUSWORTHE,
1843                             .help = "Strong Tausworthe generator",
1844                           },
1845                           { .ival = "lfsr",
1846                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_LFSR,
1847                             .help = "Variable length LFSR",
1848                           },
1849                 },
1850                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1851                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1852         },
1853         {
1854                 .name   = "random_distribution",
1855                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1856                 .off1   = td_var_offset(random_distribution),
1857                 .cb     = str_random_distribution_cb,
1858                 .help   = "Random offset distribution generator",
1859                 .def    = "random",
1860                 .posval = {
1861                           { .ival = "random",
1862                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_RANDOM,
1863                             .help = "Completely random",
1864                           },
1865                           { .ival = "zipf",
1866                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF,
1867                             .help = "Zipf distribution",
1868                           },
1869                           { .ival = "pareto",
1870                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO,
1871                             .help = "Pareto distribution",
1872                           },
1873                 },
1874                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1875                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1876         },
1877         {
1878                 .name   = "percentage_random",
1879                 .lname  = "Percentage Random",
1880                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1881                 .off1   = td_var_offset(perc_rand[DDIR_READ]),
1882                 .off2   = td_var_offset(perc_rand[DDIR_WRITE]),
1883                 .off3   = td_var_offset(perc_rand[DDIR_TRIM]),
1884                 .maxval = 100,
1885                 .help   = "Percentage of seq/random mix that should be random",
1886                 .def    = "100,100,100",
1887                 .interval = 5,
1888                 .inverse = "percentage_sequential",
1889                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1890                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1891         },
1892         {
1893                 .name   = "percentage_sequential",
1894                 .lname  = "Percentage Sequential",
1895                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
1896                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1897                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1898         },
1899         {
1900                 .name   = "allrandrepeat",
1901                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1902                 .off1   = td_var_offset(allrand_repeatable),
1903                 .help   = "Use repeatable random numbers for everything",
1904                 .def    = "0",
1905                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1906                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1907         },
1908         {
1909                 .name   = "nrfiles",
1910                 .lname  = "Number of files",
1911                 .alias  = "nr_files",
1912                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1913                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nr_files),
1914                 .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
1915                 .def    = "1",
1916                 .interval = 1,
1917                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1918                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1919         },
1920         {
1921                 .name   = "openfiles",
1922                 .lname  = "Number of open files",
1923                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1924                 .off1   = td_var_offset(open_files),
1925                 .help   = "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
1926                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1927                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1928         },
1929         {
1930                 .name   = "file_service_type",
1931                 .lname  = "File service type",
1932                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1933                 .cb     = str_fst_cb,
1934                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_service_type),
1935                 .help   = "How to select which file to service next",
1936                 .def    = "roundrobin",
1937                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1938                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1939                 .posval = {
1940                           { .ival = "random",
1941                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
1942                             .help = "Choose a file at random",
1943                           },
1944                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
1945                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
1946                             .help = "Round robin select files",
1947                           },
1948                           { .ival = "sequential",
1949                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
1950                             .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
1951                           },
1952                 },
1953                 .parent = "nrfiles",
1954                 .hide   = 1,
1955         },
1956 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE
1957         {
1958                 .name   = "fallocate",
1959                 .lname  = "Fallocate",
1960                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1961                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fallocate_mode),
1962                 .help   = "Whether pre-allocation is performed when laying out files",
1963                 .def    = "posix",
1964                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1965                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1966                 .posval = {
1967                           { .ival = "none",
1968                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
1969                             .help = "Do not pre-allocate space",
1970                           },
1971                           { .ival = "posix",
1972                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
1973                             .help = "Use posix_fallocate()",
1974                           },
1975 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1976                           { .ival = "keep",
1977                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_KEEP_SIZE,
1978                             .help = "Use fallocate(..., FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE, ...)",
1979                           },
1980 #endif
1981                           /* Compatibility with former boolean values */
1982                           { .ival = "0",
1983                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
1984                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
1985                           },
1986                           { .ival = "1",
1987                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
1988                             .help = "Alias for 'posix'",
1989                           },
1990                 },
1991         },
1992 #endif  /* CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE */
1993         {
1994                 .name   = "fadvise_hint",
1995                 .lname  = "Fadvise hint",
1996                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1997                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fadvise_hint),
1998                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
1999                 .def    = "1",
2000                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2001                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2002         },
2003         {
2004                 .name   = "fsync",
2005                 .lname  = "Fsync",
2006                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2007                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_blocks),
2008                 .help   = "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
2009                 .def    = "0",
2010                 .interval = 1,
2011                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2012                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2013         },
2014         {
2015                 .name   = "fdatasync",
2016                 .lname  = "Fdatasync",
2017                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2018                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fdatasync_blocks),
2019                 .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
2020                 .def    = "0",
2021                 .interval = 1,
2022                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2023                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2024         },
2025         {
2026                 .name   = "write_barrier",
2027                 .lname  = "Write barrier",
2028                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2029                 .off1   = td_var_offset(barrier_blocks),
2030                 .help   = "Make every Nth write a barrier write",
2031                 .def    = "0",
2032                 .interval = 1,
2033                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2034                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2035         },
2036 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
2037         {
2038                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
2039                 .lname  = "Sync file range",
2040                 .posval = {
2041                           { .ival = "wait_before",
2042                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
2043                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
2044                             .orval  = 1,
2045                           },
2046                           { .ival = "write",
2047                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
2048                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
2049                             .orval  = 1,
2050                           },
2051                           {
2052                             .ival = "wait_after",
2053                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
2054                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
2055                             .orval  = 1,
2056                           },
2057                 },
2058                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_MULTI,
2059                 .cb     = str_sfr_cb,
2060                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_file_range),
2061                 .help   = "Use sync_file_range()",
2062                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2063                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2064         },
2065 #endif
2066         {
2067                 .name   = "direct",
2068                 .lname  = "Direct I/O",
2069                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2070                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
2071                 .help   = "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
2072                 .def    = "0",
2073                 .inverse = "buffered",
2074                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2075                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2076         },
2077         {
2078                 .name   = "atomic",
2079                 .lname  = "Atomic I/O",
2080                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2081                 .off1   = td_var_offset(oatomic),
2082                 .help   = "Use Atomic IO with O_DIRECT (implies O_DIRECT)",
2083                 .def    = "0",
2084                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2085                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2086         },
2087         {
2088                 .name   = "buffered",
2089                 .lname  = "Buffered I/O",
2090                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2091                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
2092                 .neg    = 1,
2093                 .help   = "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
2094                 .def    = "1",
2095                 .inverse = "direct",
2096                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2097                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2098         },
2099         {
2100                 .name   = "overwrite",
2101                 .lname  = "Overwrite",
2102                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2103                 .off1   = td_var_offset(overwrite),
2104                 .help   = "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
2105                 .def    = "0",
2106                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2107                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2108         },
2109         {
2110                 .name   = "loops",
2111                 .lname  = "Loops",
2112                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2113                 .off1   = td_var_offset(loops),
2114                 .help   = "Number of times to run the job",
2115                 .def    = "1",
2116                 .interval = 1,
2117                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2118                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2119         },
2120         {
2121                 .name   = "numjobs",
2122                 .lname  = "Number of jobs",
2123                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2124                 .off1   = td_var_offset(numjobs),
2125                 .help   = "Duplicate this job this many times",
2126                 .def    = "1",
2127                 .interval = 1,
2128                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2129                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2130         },
2131         {
2132                 .name   = "startdelay",
2133                 .lname  = "Start delay",
2134                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2135                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_delay),
2136                 .off2   = td_var_offset(start_delay_high),
2137                 .help   = "Only start job when this period has passed",
2138                 .def    = "0",
2139                 .is_seconds = 1,
2140                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2141                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2142         },
2143         {
2144                 .name   = "runtime",
2145                 .lname  = "Runtime",
2146                 .alias  = "timeout",
2147                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2148                 .off1   = td_var_offset(timeout),
2149                 .help   = "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
2150                 .def    = "0",
2151                 .is_seconds = 1,
2152                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2153                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2154         },
2155         {
2156                 .name   = "time_based",
2157                 .lname  = "Time based",
2158                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2159                 .off1   = td_var_offset(time_based),
2160                 .help   = "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
2161                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2162                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2163         },
2164         {
2165                 .name   = "verify_only",
2166                 .lname  = "Verify only",
2167                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2168                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_only),
2169                 .help   = "Verifies previously written data is still valid",
2170                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2171                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2172         },
2173         {
2174                 .name   = "ramp_time",
2175                 .lname  = "Ramp time",
2176                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2177                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ramp_time),
2178                 .help   = "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
2179                 .is_seconds = 1,
2180                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2181                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2182         },
2183         {
2184                 .name   = "clocksource",
2185                 .lname  = "Clock source",
2186                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2187                 .cb     = fio_clock_source_cb,
2188                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clocksource),
2189                 .help   = "What type of timing source to use",
2190                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2191                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
2192                 .posval = {
2193 #ifdef CONFIG_GETTIMEOFDAY
2194                           { .ival = "gettimeofday",
2195                             .oval = CS_GTOD,
2196                             .help = "Use gettimeofday(2) for timing",
2197                           },
2198 #endif
2199 #ifdef CONFIG_CLOCK_GETTIME
2200                           { .ival = "clock_gettime",
2201                             .oval = CS_CGETTIME,
2202                             .help = "Use clock_gettime(2) for timing",
2203                           },
2204 #endif
2205 #ifdef ARCH_HAVE_CPU_CLOCK
2206                           { .ival = "cpu",
2207                             .oval = CS_CPUCLOCK,
2208                             .help = "Use CPU private clock",
2209                           },
2210 #endif
2211                 },
2212         },
2213         {
2214                 .name   = "mem",
2215                 .alias  = "iomem",
2216                 .lname  = "I/O Memory",
2217                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2218                 .cb     = str_mem_cb,
2219                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_type),
2220                 .help   = "Backing type for IO buffers",
2221                 .def    = "malloc",
2222                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2223                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2224                 .posval = {
2225                           { .ival = "malloc",
2226                             .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
2227                             .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
2228                           },
2229 #ifndef CONFIG_NO_SHM
2230                           { .ival = "shm",
2231                             .oval = MEM_SHM,
2232                             .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
2233                           },
2234 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2235                           { .ival = "shmhuge",
2236                             .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
2237                             .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
2238                           },
2239 #endif
2240 #endif
2241                           { .ival = "mmap",
2242                             .oval = MEM_MMAP,
2243                             .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
2244                           },
2245 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2246                           { .ival = "mmaphuge",
2247                             .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
2248                             .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
2249                           },
2250 #endif
2251                   },
2252         },
2253         {
2254                 .name   = "iomem_align",
2255                 .alias  = "mem_align",
2256                 .lname  = "I/O memory alignment",
2257                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2258                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_align),
2259                 .minval = 0,
2260                 .help   = "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
2261                 .def    = "0",
2262                 .parent = "iomem",
2263                 .hide   = 1,
2264                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2265                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2266         },
2267         {
2268                 .name   = "verify",
2269                 .lname  = "Verify",
2270                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2271                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify),
2272                 .help   = "Verify data written",
2273                 .def    = "0",
2274                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2275                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2276                 .posval = {
2277                           { .ival = "0",
2278                             .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
2279                             .help = "Don't do IO verification",
2280                           },
2281                           { .ival = "md5",
2282                             .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
2283                             .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
2284                           },
2285                           { .ival = "crc64",
2286                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
2287                             .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
2288                           },
2289                           { .ival = "crc32",
2290                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
2291                             .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
2292                           },
2293                           { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
2294                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2295                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2296                           },
2297                           { .ival = "crc32c",
2298                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2299                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2300                           },
2301                           { .ival = "crc16",
2302                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
2303                             .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
2304                           },
2305                           { .ival = "crc7",
2306                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
2307                             .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
2308                           },
2309                           { .ival = "sha1",
2310                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
2311                             .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
2312                           },
2313                           { .ival = "sha256",
2314                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
2315                             .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
2316                           },
2317                           { .ival = "sha512",
2318                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
2319                             .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
2320                           },
2321                           { .ival = "xxhash",
2322                             .oval = VERIFY_XXHASH,
2323                             .help = "Use xxhash checksums for verification",
2324                           },
2325                           { .ival = "meta",
2326                             .oval = VERIFY_META,
2327                             .help = "Use io information",
2328                           },
2329                           {
2330                             .ival = "null",
2331                             .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
2332                             .help = "Pretend to verify",
2333                           },
2334                 },
2335         },
2336         {
2337                 .name   = "do_verify",
2338                 .lname  = "Perform verify step",
2339                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2340                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_verify),
2341                 .help   = "Run verification stage after write",
2342                 .def    = "1",
2343                 .parent = "verify",
2344                 .hide   = 1,
2345                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2346                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2347         },
2348         {
2349                 .name   = "verifysort",
2350                 .lname  = "Verify sort",
2351                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2352                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort),
2353                 .help   = "Sort written verify blocks for read back",
2354                 .def    = "1",
2355                 .parent = "verify",
2356                 .hide   = 1,
2357                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2358                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2359         },
2360         {
2361                 .name   = "verifysort_nr",
2362                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2363                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort_nr),
2364                 .help   = "Pre-load and sort verify blocks for a read workload",
2365                 .minval = 0,
2366                 .maxval = 131072,
2367                 .def    = "1024",
2368                 .parent = "verify",
2369                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2370                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2371         },
2372         {
2373                 .name   = "verify_interval",
2374                 .lname  = "Verify interval",
2375                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2376                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_interval),
2377                 .minval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2378                 .help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
2379                 .parent = "verify",
2380                 .hide   = 1,
2381                 .interval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2382                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2383                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2384         },
2385         {
2386                 .name   = "verify_offset",
2387                 .lname  = "Verify offset",
2388                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2389                 .help   = "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
2390                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_offset),
2391                 .minval = sizeof(struct verify_header),
2392                 .parent = "verify",
2393                 .hide   = 1,
2394                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2395                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2396         },
2397         {
2398                 .name   = "verify_pattern",
2399                 .lname  = "Verify pattern",
2400                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2401                 .cb     = str_verify_pattern_cb,
2402                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
2403                 .parent = "verify",
2404                 .hide   = 1,
2405                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2406                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2407         },
2408         {
2409                 .name   = "verify_fatal",
2410                 .lname  = "Verify fatal",
2411                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2412                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_fatal),
2413                 .def    = "0",
2414                 .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
2415                 .parent = "verify",
2416                 .hide   = 1,
2417                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2418                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2419         },
2420         {
2421                 .name   = "verify_dump",
2422                 .lname  = "Verify dump",
2423                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2424                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_dump),
2425                 .def    = "0",
2426                 .help   = "Dump contents of good and bad blocks on failure",
2427                 .parent = "verify",
2428                 .hide   = 1,
2429                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2430                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2431         },
2432         {
2433                 .name   = "verify_async",
2434                 .lname  = "Verify asynchronously",
2435                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2436                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_async),
2437                 .def    = "0",
2438                 .help   = "Number of async verifier threads to use",
2439                 .parent = "verify",
2440                 .hide   = 1,
2441                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2442                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2443         },
2444         {
2445                 .name   = "verify_backlog",
2446                 .lname  = "Verify backlog",
2447                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2448                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_backlog),
2449                 .help   = "Verify after this number of blocks are written",
2450                 .parent = "verify",
2451                 .hide   = 1,
2452                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2453                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2454         },
2455         {
2456                 .name   = "verify_backlog_batch",
2457                 .lname  = "Verify backlog batch",
2458                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2459                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_batch),
2460                 .help   = "Verify this number of IO blocks",
2461                 .parent = "verify",
2462                 .hide   = 1,
2463                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2464                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2465         },
2466 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
2467         {
2468                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
2469                 .lname  = "Async verify CPUs",
2470                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2471                 .cb     = str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
2472                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
2473                 .parent = "verify_async",
2474                 .hide   = 1,
2475                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2476                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2477         },
2478 #endif
2479         {
2480                 .name   = "experimental_verify",
2481                 .off1   = td_var_offset(experimental_verify),
2482                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2483                 .help   = "Enable experimental verification",
2484                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2485                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2486         },
2487 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_TRIM
2488         {
2489                 .name   = "trim_percentage",
2490                 .lname  = "Trim percentage",
2491                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2492                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_percentage),
2493                 .minval = 0,
2494                 .maxval = 100,
2495                 .help   = "Number of verify blocks to discard/trim",
2496                 .parent = "verify",
2497                 .def    = "0",
2498                 .interval = 1,
2499                 .hide   = 1,
2500                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2501                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2502         },
2503         {
2504                 .name   = "trim_verify_zero",
2505                 .lname  = "Verify trim zero",
2506                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2507                 .help   = "Verify that trim/discarded blocks are returned as zeroes",
2508                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_zero),
2509                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2510                 .hide   = 1,
2511                 .def    = "1",
2512                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2513                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2514         },
2515         {
2516                 .name   = "trim_backlog",
2517                 .lname  = "Trim backlog",
2518                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2519                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_backlog),
2520                 .help   = "Trim after this number of blocks are written",
2521                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2522                 .hide   = 1,
2523                 .interval = 1,
2524                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2525                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2526         },
2527         {
2528                 .name   = "trim_backlog_batch",
2529                 .lname  = "Trim backlog batch",
2530                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2531                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_batch),
2532                 .help   = "Trim this number of IO blocks",
2533                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2534                 .hide   = 1,
2535                 .interval = 1,
2536                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2537                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2538         },
2539 #endif
2540         {
2541                 .name   = "write_iolog",
2542                 .lname  = "Write I/O log",
2543                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2544                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_iolog_file),
2545                 .help   = "Store IO pattern to file",
2546                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2547                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2548         },
2549         {
2550                 .name   = "read_iolog",
2551                 .lname  = "Read I/O log",
2552                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2553                 .off1   = td_var_offset(read_iolog_file),
2554                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern from file",
2555                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2556                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2557         },
2558         {
2559                 .name   = "replay_no_stall",
2560                 .lname  = "Don't stall on replay",
2561                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2562                 .off1   = td_var_offset(no_stall),
2563                 .def    = "0",
2564                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2565                 .hide   = 1,
2566                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern file as fast as possible without stalls",
2567                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2568                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2569         },
2570         {
2571                 .name   = "replay_redirect",
2572                 .lname  = "Redirect device for replay",
2573                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2574                 .off1   = td_var_offset(replay_redirect),
2575                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2576                 .hide   = 1,
2577                 .help   = "Replay all I/O onto this device, regardless of trace device",
2578                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2579                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2580         },
2581         {
2582                 .name   = "exec_prerun",
2583                 .lname  = "Pre-execute runnable",
2584                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2585                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_prerun),
2586                 .help   = "Execute this file prior to running job",
2587                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2588                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2589         },
2590         {
2591                 .name   = "exec_postrun",
2592                 .lname  = "Post-execute runnable",
2593                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2594                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_postrun),
2595                 .help   = "Execute this file after running job",
2596                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2597                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2598         },
2599 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
2600         {
2601                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
2602                 .lname  = "I/O scheduler",
2603                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2604                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioscheduler),
2605                 .help   = "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
2606                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2607                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2608         },
2609 #endif
2610         {
2611                 .name   = "zonesize",
2612                 .lname  = "Zone size",
2613                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2614                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_size),
2615                 .help   = "Amount of data to read per zone",
2616                 .def    = "0",
2617                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2618                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2619                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2620         },
2621         {
2622                 .name   = "zonerange",
2623                 .lname  = "Zone range",
2624                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2625                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_range),
2626                 .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
2627                 .def    = "0",
2628                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2629                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2630                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2631         },
2632         {
2633                 .name   = "zoneskip",
2634                 .lname  = "Zone skip",
2635                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2636                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_skip),
2637                 .help   = "Space between IO zones",
2638                 .def    = "0",
2639                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2640                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2641                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2642         },
2643         {
2644                 .name   = "lockmem",
2645                 .lname  = "Lock memory",
2646                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2647                 .off1   = td_var_offset(lockmem),
2648                 .help   = "Lock down this amount of memory (per worker)",
2649                 .def    = "0",
2650                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2651                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2652                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2653         },
2654         {
2655                 .name   = "rwmixread",
2656                 .lname  = "Read/write mix read",
2657                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2658                 .cb     = str_rwmix_read_cb,
2659                 .maxval = 100,
2660                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
2661                 .def    = "50",
2662                 .interval = 5,
2663                 .inverse = "rwmixwrite",
2664                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2665                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2666         },
2667         {
2668                 .name   = "rwmixwrite",
2669                 .lname  = "Read/write mix write",
2670                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2671                 .cb     = str_rwmix_write_cb,
2672                 .maxval = 100,
2673                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
2674                 .def    = "50",
2675                 .interval = 5,
2676                 .inverse = "rwmixread",
2677                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2678                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2679         },
2680         {
2681                 .name   = "rwmixcycle",
2682                 .lname  = "Read/write mix cycle",
2683                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
2684                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2685                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2686         },
2687         {
2688                 .name   = "nice",
2689                 .lname  = "Nice",
2690                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2691                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nice),
2692                 .help   = "Set job CPU nice value",
2693                 .minval = -19,
2694                 .maxval = 20,
2695                 .def    = "0",
2696                 .interval = 1,
2697                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2698                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2699         },
2700 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
2701         {
2702                 .name   = "prio",
2703                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority",
2704                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2705                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioprio),
2706                 .help   = "Set job IO priority value",
2707                 .minval = 0,
2708                 .maxval = 7,
2709                 .interval = 1,
2710                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2711                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2712         },
2713         {
2714                 .name   = "prioclass",
2715                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority class",
2716                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2717                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioprio_class),
2718                 .help   = "Set job IO priority class",
2719                 .minval = 0,
2720                 .maxval = 3,
2721                 .interval = 1,
2722                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2723                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2724         },
2725 #endif
2726         {
2727                 .name   = "thinktime",
2728                 .lname  = "Thinktime",
2729                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2730                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime),
2731                 .help   = "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
2732                 .def    = "0",
2733                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2734                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2735         },
2736         {
2737                 .name   = "thinktime_spin",
2738                 .lname  = "Thinktime spin",
2739                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2740                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_spin),
2741                 .help   = "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
2742                 .def    = "0",
2743                 .parent = "thinktime",
2744                 .hide   = 1,
2745                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2746                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2747         },
2748         {
2749                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks",
2750                 .lname  = "Thinktime blocks",
2751                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2752                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_blocks),
2753                 .help   = "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
2754                 .def    = "1",
2755                 .parent = "thinktime",
2756                 .hide   = 1,
2757                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2758                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2759         },
2760         {
2761                 .name   = "rate",
2762                 .lname  = "I/O rate",
2763                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2764                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_READ]),
2765                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_WRITE]),
2766                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_TRIM]),
2767                 .help   = "Set bandwidth rate",
2768                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2769                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2770         },
2771         {
2772                 .name   = "ratemin",
2773                 .lname  = "I/O min rate",
2774                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2775                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_READ]),
2776                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_WRITE]),
2777                 .off3   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_TRIM]),
2778                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
2779                 .parent = "rate",
2780                 .hide   = 1,
2781                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2782                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2783         },
2784         {
2785                 .name   = "rate_iops",
2786                 .lname  = "I/O rate IOPS",
2787                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2788                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_READ]),
2789                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_WRITE]),
2790                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_TRIM]),
2791                 .help   = "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
2792                 .hide   = 1,
2793                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2794                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2795         },
2796         {
2797                 .name   = "rate_iops_min",
2798                 .lname  = "I/O min rate IOPS",
2799                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2800                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_READ]),
2801                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_WRITE]),
2802                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_TRIM]),
2803                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shut down",
2804                 .parent = "rate_iops",
2805                 .hide   = 1,
2806                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2807                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2808         },
2809         {
2810                 .name   = "ratecycle",
2811                 .lname  = "I/O rate cycle",
2812                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2813                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratecycle),
2814                 .help   = "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
2815                 .def    = "1000",
2816                 .parent = "rate",
2817                 .hide   = 1,
2818                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2819                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2820         },
2821         {
2822                 .name   = "max_latency",
2823                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2824                 .off1   = td_var_offset(max_latency),
2825                 .help   = "Maximum tolerated IO latency (usec)",
2826                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2827                 .group = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
2828         },
2829         {
2830                 .name   = "latency_target",
2831                 .lname  = "Latency Target (usec)",
2832                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2833                 .off1   = td_var_offset(latency_target),
2834                 .help   = "Ramp to max queue depth supporting this latency",
2835                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2836                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
2837         },
2838         {
2839                 .name   = "latency_window",
2840                 .lname  = "Latency Window (usec)",
2841                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2842                 .off1   = td_var_offset(latency_window),
2843                 .help   = "Time to sustain latency_target",
2844                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2845                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
2846         },
2847         {
2848                 .name   = "latency_percentile",
2849                 .lname  = "Latency Percentile",
2850                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
2851                 .off1   = td_var_offset(latency_percentile),
2852                 .help   = "Percentile of IOs must be below latency_target",
2853                 .def    = "100",
2854                 .maxlen = 1,
2855                 .minfp  = 0.0,
2856                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
2857                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2858                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
2859         },
2860         {
2861                 .name   = "invalidate",
2862                 .lname  = "Cache invalidate",
2863                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2864                 .off1   = td_var_offset(invalidate_cache),
2865                 .help   = "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
2866                 .def    = "1",
2867                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2868                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2869         },
2870         {
2871                 .name   = "sync",
2872                 .lname  = "Synchronous I/O",
2873                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2874                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_io),
2875                 .help   = "Use O_SYNC for buffered writes",
2876                 .def    = "0",
2877                 .parent = "buffered",
2878                 .hide   = 1,
2879                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2880                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2881         },
2882         {
2883                 .name   = "create_serialize",
2884                 .lname  = "Create serialize",
2885                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2886                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_serialize),
2887                 .help   = "Serialize creating of job files",
2888                 .def    = "1",
2889                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2890                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2891         },
2892         {
2893                 .name   = "create_fsync",
2894                 .lname  = "Create fsync",
2895                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2896                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_fsync),
2897                 .help   = "fsync file after creation",
2898                 .def    = "1",
2899                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2900                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2901         },
2902         {
2903                 .name   = "create_on_open",
2904                 .lname  = "Create on open",
2905                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2906                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_on_open),
2907                 .help   = "Create files when they are opened for IO",
2908                 .def    = "0",
2909                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2910                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2911         },
2912         {
2913                 .name   = "create_only",
2914                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2915                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_only),
2916                 .help   = "Only perform file creation phase",
2917                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2918                 .def    = "0",
2919         },
2920         {
2921                 .name   = "pre_read",
2922                 .lname  = "Pre-read files",
2923                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2924                 .off1   = td_var_offset(pre_read),
2925                 .help   = "Pre-read files before starting official testing",
2926                 .def    = "0",
2927                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2928                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2929         },
2930 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
2931         {
2932                 .name   = "cpumask",
2933                 .lname  = "CPU mask",
2934                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2935                 .cb     = str_cpumask_cb,
2936                 .help   = "CPU affinity mask",
2937                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2938                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2939         },
2940         {
2941                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
2942                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed",
2943                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2944                 .cb     = str_cpus_allowed_cb,
2945                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed",
2946                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2947                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2948         },
2949         {
2950                 .name   = "cpus_allowed_policy",
2951                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed distribution policy",
2952                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2953                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cpus_allowed_policy),
2954                 .help   = "Distribution policy for cpus_allowed",
2955                 .parent = "cpus_allowed",
2956                 .prio   = 1,
2957                 .posval = {
2958                           { .ival = "shared",
2959                             .oval = FIO_CPUS_SHARED,
2960                             .help = "Mask shared between threads",
2961                           },
2962                           { .ival = "split",
2963                             .oval = FIO_CPUS_SPLIT,
2964                             .help = "Mask split between threads",
2965                           },
2966                 },
2967                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2968                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2969         },
2970 #endif
2971 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
2972         {
2973                 .name   = "numa_cpu_nodes",
2974                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2975                 .cb     = str_numa_cpunodes_cb,
2976                 .help   = "NUMA CPU nodes bind",
2977                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2978                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2979         },
2980         {
2981                 .name   = "numa_mem_policy",
2982                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2983                 .cb     = str_numa_mpol_cb,
2984                 .help   = "NUMA memory policy setup",
2985                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2986                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2987         },
2988 #endif
2989         {
2990                 .name   = "end_fsync",
2991                 .lname  = "End fsync",
2992                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2993                 .off1   = td_var_offset(end_fsync),
2994                 .help   = "Include fsync at the end of job",
2995                 .def    = "0",
2996                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2997                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2998         },
2999         {
3000                 .name   = "fsync_on_close",
3001                 .lname  = "Fsync on close",
3002                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3003                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_on_close),
3004                 .help   = "fsync files on close",
3005                 .def    = "0",
3006                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3007                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3008         },
3009         {
3010                 .name   = "unlink",
3011                 .lname  = "Unlink file",
3012                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3013                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unlink),
3014                 .help   = "Unlink created files after job has completed",
3015                 .def    = "0",
3016                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3017                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3018         },
3019         {
3020                 .name   = "exitall",
3021                 .lname  = "Exit-all on terminate",
3022                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3023                 .cb     = str_exitall_cb,
3024                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
3025                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3026                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3027         },
3028         {
3029                 .name   = "stonewall",
3030                 .lname  = "Wait for previous",
3031                 .alias  = "wait_for_previous",
3032                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3033                 .off1   = td_var_offset(stonewall),
3034                 .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
3035                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3036                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3037         },
3038         {
3039                 .name   = "new_group",
3040                 .lname  = "New group",
3041                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3042                 .off1   = td_var_offset(new_group),
3043                 .help   = "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
3044                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3045                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3046         },
3047         {
3048                 .name   = "thread",
3049                 .lname  = "Thread",
3050                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3051                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_thread),
3052                 .help   = "Use threads instead of processes",
3053 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_SHM
3054                 .def    = "1",
3055                 .no_warn_def = 1,
3056 #endif
3057                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3058                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3059         },
3060         {
3061                 .name   = "write_bw_log",
3062                 .lname  = "Write bandwidth log",
3063                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3064                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_log_file),
3065                 .help   = "Write log of bandwidth during run",
3066                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3067                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3068         },
3069         {
3070                 .name   = "write_lat_log",
3071                 .lname  = "Write latency log",
3072                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3073                 .off1   = td_var_offset(lat_log_file),
3074                 .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
3075                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3076                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3077         },
3078         {
3079                 .name   = "write_iops_log",
3080                 .lname  = "Write IOPS log",
3081                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3082                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_log_file),
3083                 .help   = "Write log of IOPS during run",
3084                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3085                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3086         },
3087         {
3088                 .name   = "log_avg_msec",
3089                 .lname  = "Log averaging (msec)",
3090                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3091                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_avg_msec),
3092                 .help   = "Average bw/iops/lat logs over this period of time",
3093                 .def    = "0",
3094                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3095                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3096         },
3097         {
3098                 .name   = "log_offset",
3099                 .lname  = "Log offset of IO",
3100                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3101                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_offset),
3102                 .help   = "Include offset of IO for each log entry",
3103                 .def    = "0",
3104                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3105                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3106         },
3107 #ifdef CONFIG_ZLIB
3108         {
3109                 .name   = "log_compression",
3110                 .lname  = "Log compression",
3111                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3112                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_gz),
3113                 .help   = "Log in compressed chunks of this size",
3114                 .minval = 32 * 1024 * 1024ULL,
3115                 .maxval = 512 * 1024 * 1024ULL,
3116                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3117                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3118         },
3119         {
3120                 .name   = "log_store_compressed",
3121                 .lname  = "Log store compressed",
3122                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3123                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_gz_store),
3124                 .help   = "Store logs in a compressed format",
3125                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3126                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3127         },
3128 #endif
3129         {
3130                 .name   = "bwavgtime",
3131                 .lname  = "Bandwidth average time",
3132                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3133                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_avg_time),
3134                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
3135                           " (msec)",
3136                 .def    = "500",
3137                 .parent = "write_bw_log",
3138                 .hide   = 1,
3139                 .interval = 100,
3140                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3141                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3142         },
3143         {
3144                 .name   = "iopsavgtime",
3145                 .lname  = "IOPS average time",
3146                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3147                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_avg_time),
3148                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate IOPS (msec)",
3149                 .def    = "500",
3150                 .parent = "write_iops_log",
3151                 .hide   = 1,
3152                 .interval = 100,
3153                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3154                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3155         },
3156         {
3157                 .name   = "group_reporting",
3158                 .lname  = "Group reporting",
3159                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3160                 .off1   = td_var_offset(group_reporting),
3161                 .help   = "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
3162                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3163                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3164         },
3165         {
3166                 .name   = "zero_buffers",
3167                 .lname  = "Zero I/O buffers",
3168                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3169                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zero_buffers),
3170                 .help   = "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
3171                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3172                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3173         },
3174         {
3175                 .name   = "refill_buffers",
3176                 .lname  = "Refill I/O buffers",
3177                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3178                 .off1   = td_var_offset(refill_buffers),
3179                 .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
3180                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3181                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3182         },
3183         {
3184                 .name   = "scramble_buffers",
3185                 .lname  = "Scramble I/O buffers",
3186                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3187                 .off1   = td_var_offset(scramble_buffers),
3188                 .help   = "Slightly scramble buffers on every IO submit",
3189                 .def    = "1",
3190                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3191                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3192         },
3193         {
3194                 .name   = "buffer_pattern",
3195                 .lname  = "Buffer pattern",
3196                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3197                 .cb     = str_buffer_pattern_cb,
3198                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
3199                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3200                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3201         },
3202         {
3203                 .name   = "buffer_compress_percentage",
3204                 .lname  = "Buffer compression percentage",
3205                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3206                 .cb     = str_buffer_compress_cb,
3207                 .maxval = 100,
3208                 .minval = 0,
3209                 .help   = "How compressible the buffer is (approximately)",
3210                 .interval = 5,
3211                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3212                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3213         },
3214         {
3215                 .name   = "buffer_compress_chunk",
3216                 .lname  = "Buffer compression chunk size",
3217                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3218                 .off1   = td_var_offset(compress_chunk),
3219                 .parent = "buffer_compress_percentage",
3220                 .hide   = 1,
3221                 .help   = "Size of compressible region in buffer",
3222                 .interval = 256,
3223                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3224                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3225         },
3226         {
3227                 .name   = "clat_percentiles",
3228                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentiles",
3229                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3230                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clat_percentiles),
3231                 .help   = "Enable the reporting of completion latency percentiles",
3232                 .def    = "1",
3233                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3234                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3235         },
3236         {
3237                 .name   = "percentile_list",
3238                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentile list",
3239                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
3240                 .off1   = td_var_offset(percentile_list),
3241                 .off2   = td_var_offset(percentile_precision),
3242                 .help   = "Specify a custom list of percentiles to report",
3243                 .def    = "1:5:10:20:30:40:50:60:70:80:90:95:99:99.5:99.9:99.95:99.99",
3244                 .maxlen = FIO_IO_U_LIST_MAX_LEN,
3245                 .minfp  = 0.0,
3246                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
3247                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3248                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3249         },
3250
3251 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
3252         {
3253                 .name   = "disk_util",
3254                 .lname  = "Disk utilization",
3255                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3256                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_disk_util),
3257                 .help   = "Log disk utilization statistics",
3258                 .def    = "1",
3259                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3260                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3261         },
3262 #endif
3263         {
3264                 .name   = "gtod_reduce",
3265                 .lname  = "Reduce gettimeofday() calls",
3266                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3267                 .help   = "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
3268                 .cb     = str_gtod_reduce_cb,
3269                 .def    = "0",
3270                 .hide_on_set = 1,
3271                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3272                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3273         },
3274         {
3275                 .name   = "disable_lat",
3276                 .lname  = "Disable all latency stats",
3277                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3278                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_lat),
3279                 .help   = "Disable latency numbers",
3280                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3281                 .hide   = 1,
3282                 .def    = "0",
3283                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3284                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3285         },
3286         {
3287                 .name   = "disable_clat",
3288                 .lname  = "Disable completion latency stats",
3289                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3290                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_clat),
3291                 .help   = "Disable completion latency numbers",
3292                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3293                 .hide   = 1,
3294                 .def    = "0",
3295                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3296                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3297         },
3298         {
3299                 .name   = "disable_slat",
3300                 .lname  = "Disable submission latency stats",
3301                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3302                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_slat),
3303                 .help   = "Disable submission latency numbers",
3304                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3305                 .hide   = 1,
3306                 .def    = "0",
3307                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3308                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3309         },
3310         {
3311                 .name   = "disable_bw_measurement",
3312                 .lname  = "Disable bandwidth stats",
3313                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3314                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_bw),
3315                 .help   = "Disable bandwidth logging",
3316                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3317                 .hide   = 1,
3318                 .def    = "0",
3319                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3320                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3321         },
3322         {
3323                 .name   = "gtod_cpu",
3324                 .lname  = "Dedicated gettimeofday() CPU",
3325                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3326                 .cb     = str_gtod_cpu_cb,
3327                 .help   = "Set up dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
3328                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
3329                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3330                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
3331         },
3332         {
3333                 .name   = "unified_rw_reporting",
3334                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3335                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unified_rw_rep),
3336                 .help   = "Unify reporting across data direction",
3337                 .def    = "0",
3338                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3339                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3340         },
3341         {
3342                 .name   = "continue_on_error",
3343                 .lname  = "Continue on error",
3344                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3345                 .off1   = td_var_offset(continue_on_error),
3346                 .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during IO",
3347                 .def    = "none",
3348                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3349                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3350                 .posval = {
3351                           { .ival = "none",
3352                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
3353                             .help = "Exit when an error is encountered",
3354                           },
3355                           { .ival = "read",
3356                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ,
3357                             .help = "Continue on read errors only",
3358                           },
3359                           { .ival = "write",
3360                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
3361                             .help = "Continue on write errors only",
3362                           },
3363                           { .ival = "io",
3364                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ | ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
3365                             .help = "Continue on any IO errors",
3366                           },
3367                           { .ival = "verify",
3368                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_VERIFY,
3369                             .help = "Continue on verify errors only",
3370                           },
3371                           { .ival = "all",
3372                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
3373                             .help = "Continue on all io and verify errors",
3374                           },
3375                           { .ival = "0",
3376                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
3377                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
3378                           },
3379                           { .ival = "1",
3380                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
3381                             .help = "Alias for 'all'",
3382                           },
3383                 },
3384         },
3385         {
3386                 .name   = "ignore_error",
3387                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3388                 .cb     = str_ignore_error_cb,
3389                 .help   = "Set a specific list of errors to ignore",
3390                 .parent = "rw",
3391                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3392                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3393         },
3394         {
3395                 .name   = "error_dump",
3396                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3397                 .off1   = td_var_offset(error_dump),
3398                 .def    = "0",
3399                 .help   = "Dump info on each error",
3400                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3401                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3402         },
3403         {
3404                 .name   = "profile",
3405                 .lname  = "Profile",
3406                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3407                 .off1   = td_var_offset(profile),
3408                 .help   = "Select a specific builtin performance test",
3409                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
3410                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3411         },
3412         {
3413                 .name   = "cgroup",
3414                 .lname  = "Cgroup",
3415                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3416                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup),
3417                 .help   = "Add job to cgroup of this name",
3418                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3419                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3420         },
3421         {
3422                 .name   = "cgroup_nodelete",
3423                 .lname  = "Cgroup no-delete",
3424                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3425                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_nodelete),
3426                 .help   = "Do not delete cgroups after job completion",
3427                 .def    = "0",
3428                 .parent = "cgroup",
3429                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3430                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3431         },
3432         {
3433                 .name   = "cgroup_weight",
3434                 .lname  = "Cgroup weight",
3435                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3436                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_weight),
3437                 .help   = "Use given weight for cgroup",
3438                 .minval = 100,
3439                 .maxval = 1000,
3440                 .parent = "cgroup",
3441                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3442                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3443         },
3444         {
3445                 .name   = "uid",
3446                 .lname  = "User ID",
3447                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3448                 .off1   = td_var_offset(uid),
3449                 .help   = "Run job with this user ID",
3450                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3451                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3452         },
3453         {
3454                 .name   = "gid",
3455                 .lname  = "Group ID",
3456                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3457                 .off1   = td_var_offset(gid),
3458                 .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
3459                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3460                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3461         },
3462         {
3463                 .name   = "kb_base",
3464                 .lname  = "KB Base",
3465                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3466                 .off1   = td_var_offset(kb_base),
3467                 .prio   = 1,
3468                 .def    = "1024",
3469                 .posval = {
3470                           { .ival = "1024",
3471                             .oval = 1024,
3472                             .help = "Use 1024 as the K base",
3473                           },
3474                           { .ival = "1000",
3475                             .oval = 1000,
3476                             .help = "Use 1000 as the K base",
3477                           },
3478                 },
3479                 .help   = "How many bytes per KB for reporting (1000 or 1024)",
3480                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3481                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3482         },
3483         {
3484                 .name   = "unit_base",
3485                 .lname  = "Base unit for reporting (Bits or Bytes)",
3486                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3487                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unit_base),
3488                 .prio   = 1,
3489                 .posval = {
3490                           { .ival = "0",
3491                             .oval = 0,
3492                             .help = "Auto-detect",
3493                           },
3494                           { .ival = "8",
3495                             .oval = 8,
3496                             .help = "Normal (byte based)",
3497                           },
3498                           { .ival = "1",
3499                             .oval = 1,
3500                             .help = "Bit based",
3501                           },
3502                 },
3503                 .help   = "Bit multiple of result summary data (8 for byte, 1 for bit)",
3504                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3505                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3506         },
3507         {
3508                 .name   = "hugepage-size",
3509                 .lname  = "Hugepage size",
3510                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3511                 .off1   = td_var_offset(hugepage_size),
3512                 .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
3513                 .def    = __fio_stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
3514                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3515                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3516                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3517         },
3518         {
3519                 .name   = "flow_id",
3520                 .lname  = "I/O flow ID",
3521                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3522                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_id),
3523                 .help   = "The flow index ID to use",
3524                 .def    = "0",
3525                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3526                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3527         },
3528         {
3529                 .name   = "flow",
3530                 .lname  = "I/O flow weight",
3531                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3532                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow),
3533                 .help   = "Weight for flow control of this job",
3534                 .parent = "flow_id",
3535                 .hide   = 1,
3536                 .def    = "0",
3537                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3538                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3539         },
3540         {
3541                 .name   = "flow_watermark",
3542                 .lname  = "I/O flow watermark",
3543                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3544                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_watermark),
3545                 .help   = "High watermark for flow control. This option"
3546                         " should be set to the same value for all threads"
3547                         " with non-zero flow.",
3548                 .parent = "flow_id",
3549                 .hide   = 1,
3550                 .def    = "1024",
3551                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3552                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3553         },
3554         {
3555                 .name   = "flow_sleep",
3556                 .lname  = "I/O flow sleep",
3557                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3558                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_sleep),
3559                 .help   = "How many microseconds to sleep after being held"
3560                         " back by the flow control mechanism",
3561                 .parent = "flow_id",
3562                 .hide   = 1,
3563                 .def    = "0",
3564                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3565                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3566         },
3567         {
3568                 .name = NULL,
3569         },
3570 };
3571
3572 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o,
3573                         const char *name, int val)
3574 {
3575         lopt->name = (char *) name;
3576         lopt->val = val;
3577         if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
3578                 lopt->has_arg = optional_argument;
3579         else
3580                 lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
3581 }
3582
3583 static void options_to_lopts(struct fio_option *opts,
3584                               struct option *long_options,
3585                               int i, int option_type)
3586 {
3587         struct fio_option *o = &opts[0];
3588         while (o->name) {
3589                 add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->name, option_type);
3590                 if (o->alias) {
3591                         i++;
3592                         add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->alias, option_type);
3593                 }
3594
3595                 i++;
3596                 o++;
3597                 assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
3598         }
3599 }
3600
3601 void fio_options_set_ioengine_opts(struct option *long_options,
3602                                    struct thread_data *td)
3603 {
3604         unsigned int i;
3605
3606         i = 0;
3607         while (long_options[i].name) {
3608                 if (long_options[i].val == FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE) {
3609                         memset(&long_options[i], 0, sizeof(*long_options));
3610                         break;
3611                 }
3612                 i++;
3613         }
3614
3615         /*
3616          * Just clear out the prior ioengine options.
3617          */
3618         if (!td || !td->eo)
3619                 return;
3620
3621         options_to_lopts(td->io_ops->options, long_options, i,
3622                          FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE);
3623 }
3624
3625 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
3626 {
3627         unsigned int i;
3628
3629         options_init(fio_options);
3630
3631         i = 0;
3632         while (long_options[i].name)
3633                 i++;
3634
3635         options_to_lopts(fio_options, long_options, i, FIO_GETOPT_JOB);
3636 }
3637
3638 struct fio_keyword {
3639         const char *word;
3640         const char *desc;
3641         char *replace;
3642 };
3643
3644 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
3645         {
3646                 .word   = "$pagesize",
3647                 .desc   = "Page size in the system",
3648         },
3649         {
3650                 .word   = "$mb_memory",
3651                 .desc   = "Megabytes of memory online",
3652         },
3653         {
3654                 .word   = "$ncpus",
3655                 .desc   = "Number of CPUs online in the system",
3656         },
3657         {
3658                 .word   = NULL,
3659         },
3660 };
3661
3662 void fio_keywords_init(void)
3663 {
3664         unsigned long long mb_memory;
3665         char buf[128];
3666         long l;
3667
3668         sprintf(buf, "%lu", (unsigned long) page_size);
3669         fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
3670
3671         mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / (1024 * 1024);
3672         sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
3673         fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
3674
3675         l = cpus_online();
3676         sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
3677         fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
3678 }
3679
3680 #define BC_APP          "bc"
3681
3682 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
3683 {
3684         char buf[128], *tmp;
3685         FILE *f;
3686         int ret;
3687
3688         /*
3689          * No math, just return string
3690          */
3691         if ((!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
3692              !strchr(str, '/')) || strchr(str, '\''))
3693                 return str;
3694
3695         /*
3696          * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
3697          */
3698         tmp = strchr(str, '=');
3699         if (!tmp)
3700                 return str;
3701
3702         tmp++;
3703
3704         /*
3705          * Prevent buffer overflows; such a case isn't reasonable anyway
3706          */
3707         if (strlen(str) >= 128 || strlen(tmp) > 100)
3708                 return str;
3709
3710         sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
3711         if (system(buf)) {
3712                 log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
3713                 return NULL;
3714         }
3715
3716         sprintf(buf, "echo '%s' | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
3717         f = popen(buf, "r");
3718         if (!f)
3719                 return NULL;
3720
3721         ret = fread(&buf[tmp - str], 1, 128 - (tmp - str), f);
3722         if (ret <= 0) {
3723                 pclose(f);
3724                 return NULL;
3725         }
3726
3727         pclose(f);
3728         buf[(tmp - str) + ret - 1] = '\0';
3729         memcpy(buf, str, tmp - str);
3730         free(str);
3731         return strdup(buf);
3732 }
3733
3734 /*
3735  * Return a copy of the input string with substrings of the form ${VARNAME}
3736  * substituted with the value of the environment variable VARNAME.  The
3737  * substitution always occurs, even if VARNAME is empty or the corresponding
3738  * environment variable undefined.
3739  */
3740 static char *option_dup_subs(const char *opt)
3741 {
3742         char out[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
3743         char in[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
3744         char *outptr = out;
3745         char *inptr = in;
3746         char *ch1, *ch2, *env;
3747         ssize_t nchr = OPT_LEN_MAX;
3748         size_t envlen;
3749
3750         if (strlen(opt) + 1 > OPT_LEN_MAX) {
3751                 log_err("OPT_LEN_MAX (%d) is too small\n", OPT_LEN_MAX);
3752                 return NULL;
3753         }
3754
3755         in[OPT_LEN_MAX] = '\0';
3756         strncpy(in, opt, OPT_LEN_MAX);
3757
3758         while (*inptr && nchr > 0) {
3759                 if (inptr[0] == '$' && inptr[1] == '{') {
3760                         ch2 = strchr(inptr, '}');
3761                         if (ch2 && inptr+1 < ch2) {
3762                                 ch1 = inptr+2;
3763                                 inptr = ch2+1;
3764                                 *ch2 = '\0';
3765
3766                                 env = getenv(ch1);
3767                                 if (env) {
3768                                         envlen = strlen(env);
3769                                         if (envlen <= nchr) {
3770                                                 memcpy(outptr, env, envlen);
3771                                                 outptr += envlen;
3772                                                 nchr -= envlen;
3773                                         }
3774                                 }
3775
3776                                 continue;
3777                         }
3778                 }
3779
3780                 *outptr++ = *inptr++;
3781                 --nchr;
3782         }
3783
3784         *outptr = '\0';
3785         return strdup(out);
3786 }
3787
3788 /*
3789  * Look for reserved variable names and replace them with real values
3790  */
3791 static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
3792 {
3793         char *s;
3794         int i;
3795         int docalc = 0;
3796
3797         for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
3798                 struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
3799
3800                 while ((s = strstr(opt, kw->word)) != NULL) {
3801                         char *new = malloc(strlen(opt) + 1);
3802                         char *o_org = opt;
3803                         int olen = s - opt;
3804                         int len;
3805
3806                         /*
3807                          * Copy part of the string before the keyword and
3808                          * sprintf() the replacement after it.
3809                          */
3810                         memcpy(new, opt, olen);
3811                         len = sprintf(new + olen, "%s", kw->replace);
3812
3813                         /*
3814                          * If there's more in the original string, copy that
3815                          * in too
3816                          */
3817                         opt += strlen(kw->word) + olen;
3818                         if (strlen(opt))
3819                                 memcpy(new + olen + len, opt, opt - o_org - 1);
3820
3821                         /*
3822                          * replace opt and free the old opt
3823                          */
3824                         opt = new;
3825                         free(o_org);
3826
3827                         docalc = 1;
3828                 }
3829         }
3830
3831         /*
3832          * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
3833          */
3834         if (docalc)
3835                 opt = bc_calc(opt);
3836
3837         return opt;
3838 }
3839
3840 static char **dup_and_sub_options(char **opts, int num_opts)
3841 {
3842         int i;
3843         char **opts_copy = malloc(num_opts * sizeof(*opts));
3844         for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
3845                 opts_copy[i] = option_dup_subs(opts[i]);
3846                 if (!opts_copy[i])
3847                         continue;
3848                 opts_copy[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts_copy[i]);
3849         }
3850         return opts_copy;
3851 }
3852
3853 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts,
3854                         int dump_cmdline)
3855 {
3856         int i, ret, unknown;
3857         char **opts_copy;
3858
3859         sort_options(opts, fio_options, num_opts);
3860         opts_copy = dup_and_sub_options(opts, num_opts);
3861
3862         for (ret = 0, i = 0, unknown = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
3863                 struct fio_option *o;
3864                 int newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i], fio_options,
3865                                                 &o, td, dump_cmdline);
3866
3867                 if (opts_copy[i]) {
3868                         if (newret && !o) {
3869                                 unknown++;
3870                                 continue;
3871                         }
3872                         free(opts_copy[i]);
3873                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
3874                 }
3875
3876                 ret |= newret;
3877         }
3878
3879         if (unknown) {
3880                 ret |= ioengine_load(td);
3881                 if (td->eo) {
3882                         sort_options(opts_copy, td->io_ops->options, num_opts);
3883                         opts = opts_copy;
3884                 }
3885                 for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
3886                         struct fio_option *o = NULL;
3887                         int newret = 1;
3888                         if (!opts_copy[i])
3889                                 continue;
3890
3891                         if (td->eo)
3892                                 newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i],
3893                                                       td->io_ops->options, &o,
3894                                                       td->eo, dump_cmdline);
3895
3896                         ret |= newret;
3897                         if (!o)
3898                                 log_err("Bad option <%s>\n", opts[i]);
3899
3900                         free(opts_copy[i]);
3901                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
3902                 }
3903         }
3904
3905         free(opts_copy);
3906         return ret;
3907 }
3908
3909 int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
3910 {
3911         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, fio_options, td);
3912 }
3913
3914 int fio_cmd_ioengine_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt,
3915                                 char *val)
3916 {
3917         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, td->io_ops->options, td->eo);