options.c

   1 #include <stdio.h>
   2 #include <stdlib.h>
   3 #include <unistd.h>
   4 #include <ctype.h>
   5 #include <string.h>
   6 #include <assert.h>
   7 #include <libgen.h>
   8 #include <fcntl.h>
   9 #include <sys/types.h>
  10 #include <sys/stat.h>
  11
  12 #include "fio.h"
  13 #include "verify.h"
  14 #include "parse.h"
  15 #include "lib/fls.h"
  16 #include "options.h"
  17
  18 #include "crc/crc32c.h"
  19
  20 /*
  21  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
  22  */
  23 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
  24 {
  25         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
  26
  27         if (!p)
  28                 return NULL;
  29
  30         p++;
  31         strip_blank_front(&p);
  32         strip_blank_end(p);
  33         return strdup(p);
  34 }
  35
  36 static int converthexchartoint(char a)
  37 {
  38         int base;
  39
  40         switch(a) {
  41         case '0'...'9':
  42                 base = '0';
  43                 break;
  44         case 'A'...'F':
  45                 base = 'A' - 10;
  46                 break;
  47         case 'a'...'f':
  48                 base = 'a' - 10;
  49                 break;
  50         default:
  51                 base = 0;
  52         }
  53         return (a - base);
  54 }
  55
  56 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  57 {
  58         const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
  59         const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
  60
  61         return bsp1->perc < bsp2->perc;
  62 }
  63
  64 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_data *td, int ddir, char *str)
  65 {
  66         struct bssplit *bssplit;
  67         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
  68         unsigned int max_bs, min_bs;
  69         long long val;
  70         char *fname;
  71
  72         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] = 4;
  73         bssplit = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  74
  75         i = 0;
  76         max_bs = 0;
  77         min_bs = -1;
  78         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
  79                 char *perc_str;
  80
  81                 if (!strlen(fname))
  82                         break;
  83
  84                 /*
  85                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
  86                  */
  87                 if (i == td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]) {
  88                         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] <<= 1;
  89                         bssplit = realloc(bssplit, td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]
  90                                                   * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  91                 }
  92
  93                 perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
  94                 if (perc_str) {
  95                         *perc_str = '\0';
  96                         perc_str++;
  97                         perc = atoi(perc_str);
  98                         if (perc > 100)
  99                                 perc = 100;
 100                         else if (!perc)
 101                                 perc = -1;
 102                 } else
 103                         perc = -1;
 104
 105                 if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, td)) {
 106                         log_err("fio: bssplit conversion failed\n");
 107                         free(td->o.bssplit);
 108                         return 1;
 109                 }
 110
 111                 if (val > max_bs)
 112                         max_bs = val;
 113                 if (val < min_bs)
 114                         min_bs = val;
 115
 116                 bssplit[i].bs = val;
 117                 bssplit[i].perc = perc;
 118                 i++;
 119         }
 120
 121         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] = i;
 122
 123         /*
 124          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 125          */
 126         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 127         for (i = 0; i < td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 128                 struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 129
 130                 if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 131                         perc_missing++;
 132                 else
 133                         perc += bsp->perc;
 134         }
 135
 136         if (perc > 100) {
 137                 log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 138                 free(bssplit);
 139                 return 1;
 140         }
 141         /*
 142          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 143          * them.
 144          */
 145         if (perc_missing) {
 146                 for (i = 0; i < td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 147                         struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 148
 149                         if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 150                                 bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 151                 }
 152         }
 153
 154         td->o.min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
 155         td->o.max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
 156
 157         /*
 158          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 159          */
 160         qsort(bssplit, td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
 161         td->o.bssplit[ddir] = bssplit;
 162         return 0;
 163
 164 }
 165
 166 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 167 {
 168         struct thread_data *td = data;
 169         char *str, *p, *odir;
 170         int ret = 0;
 171
 172         p = str = strdup(input);
 173
 174         strip_blank_front(&str);
 175         strip_blank_end(str);
 176
 177         odir = strchr(str, ',');
 178         if (odir) {
 179                 ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1);
 180                 if (!ret) {
 181                         *odir = '\0';
 182                         ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_READ, str);
 183                 }
 184         } else {
 185                 char *op;
 186
 187                 op = strdup(str);
 188
 189                 ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_READ, str);
 190                 if (!ret)
 191                         ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_WRITE, op);
 192
 193                 free(op);
 194         }
 195
 196         free(p);
 197         return ret;
 198 }
 199
 200 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 201 {
 202         struct thread_data *td = data;
 203         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 204
 205         td->o.ddir_seq_nr = 1;
 206         td->o.ddir_seq_add = 0;
 207
 208         if (!nr)
 209                 return 0;
 210
 211         if (td_random(td))
 212                 td->o.ddir_seq_nr = atoi(nr);
 213         else {
 214                 long long val;
 215
 216                 if (str_to_decimal(nr, &val, 1, td)) {
 217                         log_err("fio: rw postfix parsing failed\n");
 218                         free(nr);
 219                         return 1;
 220                 }
 221
 222                 td->o.ddir_seq_add = val;
 223         }
 224
 225         free(nr);
 226         return 0;
 227 }
 228
 229 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 230 {
 231         struct thread_data *td = data;
 232
 233         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAP) {
 234                 td->mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
 235                 if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE && !td->mmapfile) {
 236                         log_err("fio: mmaphuge:/path/to/file\n");
 237                         return 1;
 238                 }
 239         }
 240
 241         return 0;
 242 }
 243
 244 static int str_verify_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 245 {
 246         struct thread_data *td = data;
 247
 248         if (td->o.verify == VERIFY_CRC32C_INTEL ||
 249             td->o.verify == VERIFY_CRC32C) {
 250                 crc32c_intel_probe();
 251         }
 252
 253         return 0;
 254 }
 255
 256 static int fio_clock_source_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 257 {
 258         struct thread_data *td = data;
 259
 260         fio_clock_source = td->o.clocksource;
 261         fio_time_init();
 262         return 0;
 263 }
 264
 265 static int str_lockmem_cb(void fio_unused *data, unsigned long long *val)
 266 {
 267         mlock_size = *val;
 268         return 0;
 269 }
 270
 271 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 272 {
 273         struct thread_data *td = data;
 274
 275         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
 276         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
 277         return 0;
 278 }
 279
 280 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 281 {
 282         struct thread_data *td = data;
 283
 284         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
 285         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
 286         return 0;
 287 }
 288
 289 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
 290 static int str_prioclass_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 291 {
 292         struct thread_data *td = data;
 293         unsigned short mask;
 294
 295         /*
 296          * mask off old class bits, str_prio_cb() may have set a default class
 297          */
 298         mask = (1 << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT) - 1;
 299         td->ioprio &= mask;
 300
 301         td->ioprio |= *val << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT;
 302         td->ioprio_set = 1;
 303         return 0;
 304 }
 305
 306 static int str_prio_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 307 {
 308         struct thread_data *td = data;
 309
 310         td->ioprio |= *val;
 311
 312         /*
 313          * If no class is set, assume BE
 314          */
 315         if ((td->ioprio >> IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT) == 0)
 316                 td->ioprio |= IOPRIO_CLASS_BE << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT;
 317
 318         td->ioprio_set = 1;
 319         return 0;
 320 }
 321 #endif
 322
 323 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
 324 {
 325         exitall_on_terminate = 1;
 326         return 0;
 327 }
 328
 329 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 330 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 331 {
 332         struct thread_data *td = data;
 333         unsigned int i;
 334         long max_cpu;
 335         int ret;
 336
 337         ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
 338         if (ret < 0) {
 339                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 340                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 341                 return 1;
 342         }
 343
 344         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 345
 346         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
 347                 if ((1 << i) & *val) {
 348                         if (i > max_cpu) {
 349                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
 350                                                                 max_cpu);
 351                                 return 1;
 352                         }
 353                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
 354                         fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
 355                 }
 356         }
 357
 358         td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 359         return 0;
 360 }
 361
 362 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
 363                             const char *input)
 364 {
 365         char *cpu, *str, *p;
 366         long max_cpu;
 367         int ret = 0;
 368
 369         ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
 370         if (ret < 0) {
 371                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 372                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 373                 return 1;
 374         }
 375
 376         p = str = strdup(input);
 377
 378         strip_blank_front(&str);
 379         strip_blank_end(str);
 380
 381         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 382
 383         while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
 384                 char *str2, *cpu2;
 385                 int icpu, icpu2;
 386
 387                 if (!strlen(cpu))
 388                         break;
 389
 390                 str2 = cpu;
 391                 icpu2 = -1;
 392                 while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
 393                         if (!strlen(cpu2))
 394                                 break;
 395
 396                         icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
 397                 }
 398
 399                 icpu = atoi(cpu);
 400                 if (icpu2 == -1)
 401                         icpu2 = icpu;
 402                 while (icpu <= icpu2) {
 403                         if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
 404                                 log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
 405                                         " %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
 406                                 ret = 1;
 407                                 break;
 408                         }
 409                         if (icpu > max_cpu) {
 410                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
 411                                                         icpu, max_cpu);
 412                                 ret = 1;
 413                                 break;
 414                         }
 415
 416                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
 417                         fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
 418                         icpu++;
 419                 }
 420                 if (ret)
 421                         break;
 422         }
 423
 424         free(p);
 425         if (!ret)
 426                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 427         return ret;
 428 }
 429
 430 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 431 {
 432         struct thread_data *td = data;
 433         int ret;
 434
 435         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
 436         if (!ret)
 437                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 438
 439         return ret;
 440 }
 441
 442 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 443 {
 444         struct thread_data *td = data;
 445         int ret;
 446
 447         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
 448         if (!ret)
 449                 td->o.verify_cpumask_set = 1;
 450
 451         return ret;
 452 }
 453 #endif
 454
 455 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_TRIM
 456 static int str_verify_trim_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 457 {
 458         struct thread_data *td = data;
 459
 460         td->o.trim_percentage = *val;
 461         return 0;
 462 }
 463 #endif
 464
 465 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 466 {
 467         struct thread_data *td = data;
 468         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 469
 470         td->file_service_nr = 1;
 471         if (nr) {
 472                 td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
 473                 free(nr);
 474         }
 475
 476         return 0;
 477 }
 478
 479 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
 480 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 481 {
 482         struct thread_data *td = data;
 483         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 484
 485         td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
 486         if (nr) {
 487                 td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
 488                 free(nr);
 489         }
 490
 491         return 0;
 492 }
 493 #endif
 494
 495 static int check_dir(struct thread_data *td, char *fname)
 496 {
 497 #if 0
 498         char file[PATH_MAX], *dir;
 499         int elen = 0;
 500
 501         if (td->o.directory) {
 502                 strcpy(file, td->o.directory);
 503                 strcat(file, "/");
 504                 elen = strlen(file);
 505         }
 506
 507         sprintf(file + elen, "%s", fname);
 508         dir = dirname(file);
 509
 510         {
 511         struct stat sb;
 512         /*
 513          * We can't do this on FIO_DISKLESSIO engines. The engine isn't loaded
 514          * yet, so we can't do this check right here...
 515          */
 516         if (lstat(dir, &sb) < 0) {
 517                 int ret = errno;
 518
 519                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dir);
 520                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 521                 return 1;
 522         }
 523
 524         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 525                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dir);
 526                 return 1;
 527         }
 528         }
 529 #endif
 530
 531         return 0;
 532 }
 533
 534 /*
 535  * Return next file in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
 536  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
 537  * indicate a new file.
 538  */
 539 static char *get_next_file_name(char **ptr)
 540 {
 541         char *str = *ptr;
 542         char *p, *start;
 543
 544         if (!str || !strlen(str))
 545                 return NULL;
 546
 547         start = str;
 548         do {
 549                 /*
 550                  * No colon, we are done
 551                  */
 552                 p = strchr(str, ':');
 553                 if (!p) {
 554                         *ptr = NULL;
 555                         break;
 556                 }
 557
 558                 /*
 559                  * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
 560                  * continue
 561                  */
 562                 if (p == start) {
 563                         str = ++start;
 564                         continue;
 565                 }
 566
 567                 if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
 568                         *p = '\0';
 569                         *ptr = p + 1;
 570                         break;
 571                 }
 572
 573                 memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
 574                 str = p;
 575         } while (1);
 576
 577         return start;
 578 }
 579
 580 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 581 {
 582         struct thread_data *td = data;
 583         char *fname, *str, *p;
 584
 585         p = str = strdup(input);
 586
 587         strip_blank_front(&str);
 588         strip_blank_end(str);
 589
 590         if (!td->files_index)
 591                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 592
 593         while ((fname = get_next_file_name(&str)) != NULL) {
 594                 if (!strlen(fname))
 595                         break;
 596                 if (check_dir(td, fname)) {
 597                         free(p);
 598                         return 1;
 599                 }
 600                 add_file(td, fname);
 601                 td->o.nr_files++;
 602         }
 603
 604         free(p);
 605         return 0;
 606 }
 607
 608 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 609 {
 610         struct thread_data *td = data;
 611         struct stat sb;
 612
 613         if (lstat(td->o.directory, &sb) < 0) {
 614                 int ret = errno;
 615
 616                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 617                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 618                 return 1;
 619         }
 620         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 621                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 622                 return 1;
 623         }
 624
 625         return 0;
 626 }
 627
 628 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 629 {
 630         struct thread_data *td = data;
 631
 632         if (!td->files_index)
 633                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 634
 635         return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
 636 }
 637
 638 static int str_verify_offset_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *off)
 639 {
 640         struct thread_data *td = data;
 641
 642         if (*off && *off < sizeof(struct verify_header)) {
 643                 log_err("fio: verify_offset too small\n");
 644                 return 1;
 645         }
 646
 647         td->o.verify_offset = *off;
 648         return 0;
 649 }
 650
 651 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 652 {
 653         struct thread_data *td = data;
 654         long off;
 655         int i = 0, j = 0, len, k, base = 10;
 656         char* loc1, * loc2;
 657
 658         loc1 = strstr(input, "0x");
 659         loc2 = strstr(input, "0X");
 660         if (loc1 || loc2)
 661                 base = 16;
 662         off = strtol(input, NULL, base);
 663         if (off != LONG_MAX || errno != ERANGE) {
 664                 while (off) {
 665                         td->o.verify_pattern[i] = off & 0xff;
 666                         off >>= 8;
 667                         i++;
 668                 }
 669         } else {
 670                 len = strlen(input);
 671                 k = len - 1;
 672                 if (base == 16) {
 673                         if (loc1)
 674                                 j = loc1 - input + 2;
 675                         else
 676                                 j = loc2 - input + 2;
 677                 } else
 678                         return 1;
 679                 if (len - j < MAX_PATTERN_SIZE * 2) {
 680                         while (k >= j) {
 681                                 off = converthexchartoint(input[k--]);
 682                                 if (k >= j)
 683                                         off += (converthexchartoint(input[k--])
 684                                                 * 16);
 685                                 td->o.verify_pattern[i++] = (char) off;
 686                         }
 687                 }
 688         }
 689
 690         /*
 691          * Fill the pattern all the way to the end. This greatly reduces
 692          * the number of memcpy's we have to do when verifying the IO.
 693          */
 694         while (i > 1 && i * 2 <= MAX_PATTERN_SIZE) {
 695                 memcpy(&td->o.verify_pattern[i], &td->o.verify_pattern[0], i);
 696                 i *= 2;
 697         }
 698         if (i == 1) {
 699                 /*
 700                  * The code in verify_io_u_pattern assumes a single byte pattern
 701                  * fills the whole verify pattern buffer.
 702                  */
 703                 memset(td->o.verify_pattern, td->o.verify_pattern[0],
 704                        MAX_PATTERN_SIZE);
 705         }
 706
 707         td->o.verify_pattern_bytes = i;
 708
 709         /*
 710          * VERIFY_META could already be set
 711          */
 712         if (td->o.verify == VERIFY_NONE)
 713                 td->o.verify = VERIFY_PATTERN;
 714
 715         return 0;
 716 }
 717
 718 static int str_lockfile_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 719 {
 720         struct thread_data *td = data;
 721         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 722
 723         td->o.lockfile_batch = 1;
 724         if (nr) {
 725                 td->o.lockfile_batch = atoi(nr);
 726                 free(nr);
 727         }
 728
 729         return 0;
 730 }
 731
 732 static int str_write_bw_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 733 {
 734         struct thread_data *td = data;
 735
 736         if (str)
 737                 td->o.bw_log_file = strdup(str);
 738
 739         td->o.write_bw_log = 1;
 740         return 0;
 741 }
 742
 743 static int str_write_lat_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 744 {
 745         struct thread_data *td = data;
 746
 747         if (str)
 748                 td->o.lat_log_file = strdup(str);
 749
 750         td->o.write_lat_log = 1;
 751         return 0;
 752 }
 753
 754 static int str_write_iops_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 755 {
 756         struct thread_data *td = data;
 757
 758         if (str)
 759                 td->o.iops_log_file = strdup(str);
 760
 761         td->o.write_iops_log = 1;
 762         return 0;
 763 }
 764
 765 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
 766 {
 767         struct thread_data *td = data;
 768         int val = *il;
 769
 770         td->o.disable_lat = !!val;
 771         td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
 772         td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
 773         td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
 774         td->o.clat_percentiles = !val;
 775         if (val)
 776                 td->tv_cache_mask = 63;
 777
 778         return 0;
 779 }
 780
 781 static int str_gtod_cpu_cb(void *data, long long *il)
 782 {
 783         struct thread_data *td = data;
 784         int val = *il;
 785
 786         td->o.gtod_cpu = val;
 787         td->o.gtod_offload = 1;
 788         return 0;
 789 }
 790
 791 static int str_size_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *__val)
 792 {
 793         struct thread_data *td = data;
 794         unsigned long long v = *__val;
 795
 796         if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
 797                 td->o.size = 0;
 798                 td->o.size_percent = -1ULL - v;
 799         } else
 800                 td->o.size = v;
 801
 802         return 0;
 803 }
 804
 805 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 806 {
 807         struct thread_data *td = data;
 808
 809         if (read_only && td_write(td)) {
 810                 log_err("fio: job <%s> has write bit set, but fio is in"
 811                         " read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
 812                 return 1;
 813         }
 814
 815         return 0;
 816 }
 817
 818 static int gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 819 {
 820 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 821         struct thread_data *td = data;
 822
 823         if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
 824                 log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
 825                         "gettimeofday() offloading\n");
 826                 return 1;
 827         }
 828 #endif
 829
 830         return 0;
 831 }
 832
 833 static int kb_base_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 834 {
 835         struct thread_data *td = data;
 836
 837         if (td->o.kb_base != 1024 && td->o.kb_base != 1000) {
 838                 log_err("fio: kb_base set to nonsensical value: %u\n",
 839                                 td->o.kb_base);
 840                 return 1;
 841         }
 842
 843         return 0;
 844 }
 845
 846 /*
 847  * Map of job/command line options
 848  */
 849 static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
 850         {
 851                 .name   = "description",
 852                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 853                 .off1   = td_var_offset(description),
 854                 .help   = "Text job description",
 855         },
 856         {
 857                 .name   = "name",
 858                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 859                 .off1   = td_var_offset(name),
 860                 .help   = "Name of this job",
 861         },
 862         {
 863                 .name   = "directory",
 864                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 865                 .off1   = td_var_offset(directory),
 866                 .cb     = str_directory_cb,
 867                 .help   = "Directory to store files in",
 868         },
 869         {
 870                 .name   = "filename",
 871                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 872                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename),
 873                 .cb     = str_filename_cb,
 874                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
 875                 .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
 876         },
 877         {
 878                 .name   = "kb_base",
 879                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 880                 .off1   = td_var_offset(kb_base),
 881                 .verify = kb_base_verify,
 882                 .prio   = 1,
 883                 .def    = "1024",
 884                 .help   = "How many bytes per KB for reporting (1000 or 1024)",
 885         },
 886         {
 887                 .name   = "lockfile",
 888                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
 889                 .cb     = str_lockfile_cb,
 890                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_lock_mode),
 891                 .help   = "Lock file when doing IO to it",
 892                 .parent = "filename",
 893                 .def    = "none",
 894                 .posval = {
 895                           { .ival = "none",
 896                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
 897                             .help = "No file locking",
 898                           },
 899                           { .ival = "exclusive",
 900                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
 901                             .help = "Exclusive file lock",
 902                           },
 903                           {
 904                             .ival = "readwrite",
 905                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
 906                             .help = "Read vs write lock",
 907                           },
 908                 },
 909         },
 910         {
 911                 .name   = "opendir",
 912                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 913                 .off1   = td_var_offset(opendir),
 914                 .cb     = str_opendir_cb,
 915                 .help   = "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
 916         },
 917         {
 918                 .name   = "rw",
 919                 .alias  = "readwrite",
 920                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
 921                 .cb     = str_rw_cb,
 922                 .off1   = td_var_offset(td_ddir),
 923                 .help   = "IO direction",
 924                 .def    = "read",
 925                 .verify = rw_verify,
 926                 .posval = {
 927                           { .ival = "read",
 928                             .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
 929                             .help = "Sequential read",
 930                           },
 931                           { .ival = "write",
 932                             .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
 933                             .help = "Sequential write",
 934                           },
 935                           { .ival = "randread",
 936                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
 937                             .help = "Random read",
 938                           },
 939                           { .ival = "randwrite",
 940                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
 941                             .help = "Random write",
 942                           },
 943                           { .ival = "rw",
 944                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
 945                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
 946                           },
 947                           { .ival = "randrw",
 948                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
 949                             .help = "Random read and write mix"
 950                           },
 951                 },
 952         },
 953         {
 954                 .name   = "rw_sequencer",
 955                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
 956                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rw_seq),
 957                 .help   = "IO offset generator modifier",
 958                 .def    = "sequential",
 959                 .posval = {
 960                           { .ival = "sequential",
 961                             .oval = RW_SEQ_SEQ,
 962                             .help = "Generate sequential offsets",
 963                           },
 964                           { .ival = "identical",
 965                             .oval = RW_SEQ_IDENT,
 966                             .help = "Generate identical offsets",
 967                           },
 968                 },
 969         },
 970
 971         {
 972                 .name   = "ioengine",
 973                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 974                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioengine),
 975                 .help   = "IO engine to use",
 976                 .def    = FIO_PREFERRED_ENGINE,
 977                 .posval = {
 978                           { .ival = "sync",
 979                             .help = "Use read/write",
 980                           },
 981                           { .ival = "psync",
 982                             .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
 983                           },
 984                           { .ival = "vsync",
 985                             .help = "Use readv/writev",
 986                           },
 987 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_LIBAIO
 988                           { .ival = "libaio",
 989                             .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
 990                           },
 991 #endif
 992 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_POSIXAIO
 993                           { .ival = "posixaio",
 994                             .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
 995                           },
 996 #endif
 997 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SOLARISAIO
 998                           { .ival = "solarisaio",
 999                             .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
1000                           },
1001 #endif
1002 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_WINDOWSAIO
1003                           { .ival = "windowsaio",
1004                             .help = "Windows native asynchronous IO"
1005                           },
1006 #endif
1007                           { .ival = "mmap",
1008                             .help = "Memory mapped IO"
1009                           },
1010 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SPLICE
1011                           { .ival = "splice",
1012                             .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
1013                           },
1014                           { .ival = "netsplice",
1015                             .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
1016                           },
1017 #endif
1018 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
1019                           { .ival = "sg",
1020                             .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
1021                           },
1022 #endif
1023                           { .ival = "null",
1024                             .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
1025                           },
1026                           { .ival = "net",
1027                             .help = "Network IO",
1028                           },
1029 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYSLET
1030                           { .ival = "syslet-rw",
1031                             .help = "syslet enabled async pread/pwrite IO",
1032                           },
1033 #endif
1034                           { .ival = "cpuio",
1035                             .help = "CPU cycle burner engine",
1036                           },
1037 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_GUASI
1038                           { .ival = "guasi",
1039                             .help = "GUASI IO engine",
1040                           },
1041 #endif
1042 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_BINJECT
1043                           { .ival = "binject",
1044                             .help = "binject direct inject block engine",
1045                           },
1046 #endif
1047 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_RDMA
1048                           { .ival = "rdma",
1049                             .help = "RDMA IO engine",
1050                           },
1051 #endif
1052                           { .ival = "external",
1053                             .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
1054                           },
1055                 },
1056         },
1057         {
1058                 .name   = "iodepth",
1059                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1060                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth),
1061                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to keep in flight",
1062                 .minval = 1,
1063                 .def    = "1",
1064         },
1065         {
1066                 .name   = "iodepth_batch",
1067                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_submit",
1068                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1069                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch),
1070                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
1071                 .parent = "iodepth",
1072                 .minval = 1,
1073                 .def    = "1",
1074         },
1075         {
1076                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete",
1077                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1078                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch_complete),
1079                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
1080                 .parent = "iodepth",
1081                 .minval = 0,
1082                 .def    = "1",
1083         },
1084         {
1085                 .name   = "iodepth_low",
1086                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1087                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_low),
1088                 .help   = "Low water mark for queuing depth",
1089                 .parent = "iodepth",
1090         },
1091         {
1092                 .name   = "size",
1093                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1094                 .cb     = str_size_cb,
1095                 .help   = "Total size of device or files",
1096         },
1097         {
1098                 .name   = "fill_device",
1099                 .alias  = "fill_fs",
1100                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1101                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fill_device),
1102                 .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
1103                 .def    = "0",
1104         },
1105         {
1106                 .name   = "filesize",
1107                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1108                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_size_low),
1109                 .off2   = td_var_offset(file_size_high),
1110                 .minval = 1,
1111                 .help   = "Size of individual files",
1112         },
1113         {
1114                 .name   = "offset",
1115                 .alias  = "fileoffset",
1116                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1117                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_offset),
1118                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset",
1119                 .def    = "0",
1120         },
1121         {
1122                 .name   = "bs",
1123                 .alias  = "blocksize",
1124                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1125                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_READ]),
1126                 .off2   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1127                 .minval = 1,
1128                 .help   = "Block size unit",
1129                 .def    = "4k",
1130                 .parent = "rw",
1131         },
1132         {
1133                 .name   = "ba",
1134                 .alias  = "blockalign",
1135                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1136                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_READ]),
1137                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
1138                 .minval = 1,
1139                 .help   = "IO block offset alignment",
1140                 .parent = "rw",
1141         },
1142         {
1143                 .name   = "bsrange",
1144                 .alias  = "blocksize_range",
1145                 .type   = FIO_OPT_RANGE,
1146                 .off1   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1147                 .off2   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1148                 .off3   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1149                 .off4   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1150                 .minval = 1,
1151                 .help   = "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
1152                 .parent = "rw",
1153         },
1154         {
1155                 .name   = "bssplit",
1156                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1157                 .cb     = str_bssplit_cb,
1158                 .help   = "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
1159                 .parent = "rw",
1160         },
1161         {
1162                 .name   = "bs_unaligned",
1163                 .alias  = "blocksize_unaligned",
1164                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1165                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_unaligned),
1166                 .help   = "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
1167                 .parent = "rw",
1168         },
1169         {
1170                 .name   = "randrepeat",
1171                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1172                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rand_repeatable),
1173                 .help   = "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
1174                 .def    = "1",
1175                 .parent = "rw",
1176         },
1177         {
1178                 .name   = "use_os_rand",
1179                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1180                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_os_rand),
1181                 .help   = "Set to use OS random generator",
1182                 .def    = "0",
1183                 .parent = "rw",
1184         },
1185         {
1186                 .name   = "norandommap",
1187                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1188                 .off1   = td_var_offset(norandommap),
1189                 .help   = "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
1190                 .parent = "rw",
1191         },
1192         {
1193                 .name   = "softrandommap",
1194                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1195                 .off1   = td_var_offset(softrandommap),
1196                 .help   = "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
1197                 .parent = "norandommap",
1198                 .def    = "0",
1199         },
1200         {
1201                 .name   = "nrfiles",
1202                 .alias  = "nr_files",
1203                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1204                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nr_files),
1205                 .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
1206                 .def    = "1",
1207         },
1208         {
1209                 .name   = "openfiles",
1210                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1211                 .off1   = td_var_offset(open_files),
1212                 .help   = "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
1213         },
1214         {
1215                 .name   = "file_service_type",
1216                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1217                 .cb     = str_fst_cb,
1218                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_service_type),
1219                 .help   = "How to select which file to service next",
1220                 .def    = "roundrobin",
1221                 .posval = {
1222                           { .ival = "random",
1223                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
1224                             .help = "Choose a file at random",
1225                           },
1226                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
1227                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
1228                             .help = "Round robin select files",
1229                           },
1230                           { .ival = "sequential",
1231                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
1232                             .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
1233                           },
1234                 },
1235                 .parent = "nrfiles",
1236         },
1237 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_FALLOCATE
1238         {
1239                 .name   = "fallocate",
1240                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1241                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fallocate_mode),
1242                 .help   = "Whether pre-allocation is performed when laying out files",
1243                 .def    = "posix",
1244                 .posval = {
1245                           { .ival = "none",
1246                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
1247                             .help = "Do not pre-allocate space",
1248                           },
1249                           { .ival = "posix",
1250                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
1251                             .help = "Use posix_fallocate()",
1252                           },
1253 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1254                           { .ival = "keep",
1255                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_KEEP_SIZE,
1256                             .help = "Use fallocate(..., FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE, ...)",
1257                           },
1258 #endif
1259                           /* Compatibility with former boolean values */
1260                           { .ival = "0",
1261                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
1262                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
1263                           },
1264                           { .ival = "1",
1265                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
1266                             .help = "Alias for 'posix'",
1267                           },
1268                 },
1269         },
1270 #endif  /* FIO_HAVE_FALLOCATE */
1271         {
1272                 .name   = "fadvise_hint",
1273                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1274                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fadvise_hint),
1275                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
1276                 .def    = "1",
1277         },
1278         {
1279                 .name   = "fsync",
1280                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1281                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_blocks),
1282                 .help   = "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
1283                 .def    = "0",
1284         },
1285         {
1286                 .name   = "fdatasync",
1287                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1288                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fdatasync_blocks),
1289                 .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
1290                 .def    = "0",
1291         },
1292         {
1293                 .name   = "write_barrier",
1294                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1295                 .off1   = td_var_offset(barrier_blocks),
1296                 .help   = "Make every Nth write a barrier write",
1297                 .def    = "0",
1298         },
1299 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
1300         {
1301                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
1302                 .posval = {
1303                           { .ival = "wait_before",
1304                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
1305                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
1306                             .or   = 1,
1307                           },
1308                           { .ival = "write",
1309                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
1310                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
1311                             .or   = 1,
1312                           },
1313                           {
1314                             .ival = "wait_after",
1315                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
1316                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
1317                             .or   = 1,
1318                           },
1319                 },
1320                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_MULTI,
1321                 .cb     = str_sfr_cb,
1322                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_file_range),
1323                 .help   = "Use sync_file_range()",
1324         },
1325 #endif
1326         {
1327                 .name   = "direct",
1328                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1329                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1330                 .help   = "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
1331                 .def    = "0",
1332         },
1333         {
1334                 .name   = "buffered",
1335                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1336                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1337                 .neg    = 1,
1338                 .help   = "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
1339                 .def    = "1",
1340         },
1341         {
1342                 .name   = "overwrite",
1343                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1344                 .off1   = td_var_offset(overwrite),
1345                 .help   = "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
1346                 .def    = "0",
1347         },
1348         {
1349                 .name   = "loops",
1350                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1351                 .off1   = td_var_offset(loops),
1352                 .help   = "Number of times to run the job",
1353                 .def    = "1",
1354         },
1355         {
1356                 .name   = "numjobs",
1357                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1358                 .off1   = td_var_offset(numjobs),
1359                 .help   = "Duplicate this job this many times",
1360                 .def    = "1",
1361         },
1362         {
1363                 .name   = "startdelay",
1364                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1365                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_delay),
1366                 .help   = "Only start job when this period has passed",
1367                 .def    = "0",
1368         },
1369         {
1370                 .name   = "runtime",
1371                 .alias  = "timeout",
1372                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1373                 .off1   = td_var_offset(timeout),
1374                 .help   = "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
1375                 .def    = "0",
1376         },
1377         {
1378                 .name   = "time_based",
1379                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1380                 .off1   = td_var_offset(time_based),
1381                 .help   = "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
1382         },
1383         {
1384                 .name   = "ramp_time",
1385                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1386                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ramp_time),
1387                 .help   = "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
1388         },
1389         {
1390                 .name   = "clocksource",
1391                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1392                 .cb     = fio_clock_source_cb,
1393                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clocksource),
1394                 .help   = "What type of timing source to use",
1395                 .posval = {
1396                           { .ival = "gettimeofday",
1397                             .oval = CS_GTOD,
1398                             .help = "Use gettimeofday(2) for timing",
1399                           },
1400                           { .ival = "clock_gettime",
1401                             .oval = CS_CGETTIME,
1402                             .help = "Use clock_gettime(2) for timing",
1403                           },
1404 #ifdef ARCH_HAVE_CPU_CLOCK
1405                           { .ival = "cpu",
1406                             .oval = CS_CPUCLOCK,
1407                             .help = "Use CPU private clock",
1408                           },
1409 #endif
1410                 },
1411         },
1412         {
1413                 .name   = "mem",
1414                 .alias  = "iomem",
1415                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1416                 .cb     = str_mem_cb,
1417                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_type),
1418                 .help   = "Backing type for IO buffers",
1419                 .def    = "malloc",
1420                 .posval = {
1421                           { .ival = "malloc",
1422                             .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
1423                             .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
1424                           },
1425                           { .ival = "shm",
1426                             .oval = MEM_SHM,
1427                             .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
1428                           },
1429 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
1430                           { .ival = "shmhuge",
1431                             .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
1432                             .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
1433                           },
1434 #endif
1435                           { .ival = "mmap",
1436                             .oval = MEM_MMAP,
1437                             .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
1438                           },
1439 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
1440                           { .ival = "mmaphuge",
1441                             .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
1442                             .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
1443                           },
1444 #endif
1445                   },
1446         },
1447         {
1448                 .name   = "iomem_align",
1449                 .alias  = "mem_align",
1450                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1451                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_align),
1452                 .minval = 0,
1453                 .help   = "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
1454                 .def    = "0",
1455                 .parent = "iomem",
1456         },
1457         {
1458                 .name   = "verify",
1459                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1460                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify),
1461                 .help   = "Verify data written",
1462                 .cb     = str_verify_cb,
1463                 .def    = "0",
1464                 .posval = {
1465                           { .ival = "0",
1466                             .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
1467                             .help = "Don't do IO verification",
1468                           },
1469                           { .ival = "md5",
1470                             .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
1471                             .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
1472                           },
1473                           { .ival = "crc64",
1474                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
1475                             .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
1476                           },
1477                           { .ival = "crc32",
1478                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
1479                             .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
1480                           },
1481                           { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
1482                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
1483                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
1484                           },
1485                           { .ival = "crc32c",
1486                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
1487                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
1488                           },
1489                           { .ival = "crc16",
1490                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
1491                             .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
1492                           },
1493                           { .ival = "crc7",
1494                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
1495                             .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
1496                           },
1497                           { .ival = "sha1",
1498                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
1499                             .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
1500                           },
1501                           { .ival = "sha256",
1502                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
1503                             .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
1504                           },
1505                           { .ival = "sha512",
1506                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
1507                             .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
1508                           },
1509                           { .ival = "meta",
1510                             .oval = VERIFY_META,
1511                             .help = "Use io information",
1512                           },
1513                           {
1514                             .ival = "null",
1515                             .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
1516                             .help = "Pretend to verify",
1517                           },
1518                 },
1519         },
1520         {
1521                 .name   = "do_verify",
1522                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1523                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_verify),
1524                 .help   = "Run verification stage after write",
1525                 .def    = "1",
1526                 .parent = "verify",
1527         },
1528         {
1529                 .name   = "verifysort",
1530                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1531                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort),
1532                 .help   = "Sort written verify blocks for read back",
1533                 .def    = "1",
1534                 .parent = "verify",
1535         },
1536         {
1537                 .name   = "verify_interval",
1538                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1539                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_interval),
1540                 .minval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
1541                 .help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
1542                 .parent = "verify",
1543         },
1544         {
1545                 .name   = "verify_offset",
1546                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1547                 .help   = "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
1548                 .def    = "0",
1549                 .cb     = str_verify_offset_cb,
1550                 .parent = "verify",
1551         },
1552         {
1553                 .name   = "verify_pattern",
1554                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1555                 .cb     = str_verify_pattern_cb,
1556                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
1557                 .parent = "verify",
1558         },
1559         {
1560                 .name   = "verify_fatal",
1561                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1562                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_fatal),
1563                 .def    = "0",
1564                 .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
1565                 .parent = "verify",
1566         },
1567         {
1568                 .name   = "verify_dump",
1569                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1570                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_dump),
1571                 .def    = "0",
1572                 .help   = "Dump contents of good and bad blocks on failure",
1573                 .parent = "verify",
1574         },
1575         {
1576                 .name   = "verify_async",
1577                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1578                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_async),
1579                 .def    = "0",
1580                 .help   = "Number of async verifier threads to use",
1581                 .parent = "verify",
1582         },
1583         {
1584                 .name   = "verify_backlog",
1585                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1586                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_backlog),
1587                 .help   = "Verify after this number of blocks are written",
1588                 .parent = "verify",
1589         },
1590         {
1591                 .name   = "verify_backlog_batch",
1592                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1593                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_batch),
1594                 .help   = "Verify this number of IO blocks",
1595                 .parent = "verify",
1596         },
1597 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1598         {
1599                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
1600                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1601                 .cb     = str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
1602                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
1603                 .parent = "verify_async",
1604         },
1605 #endif
1606 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_TRIM
1607         {
1608                 .name   = "trim_percentage",
1609                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1610                 .cb     = str_verify_trim_cb,
1611                 .maxval = 100,
1612                 .help   = "Number of verify blocks to discard/trim",
1613                 .parent = "verify",
1614                 .def    = "0",
1615         },
1616         {
1617                 .name   = "trim_verify_zero",
1618                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1619                 .help   = "Verify that trim/discarded blocks are returned as zeroes",
1620                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_zero),
1621                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
1622                 .def    = "1",
1623         },
1624         {
1625                 .name   = "trim_backlog",
1626                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1627                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_backlog),
1628                 .help   = "Trim after this number of blocks are written",
1629                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
1630         },
1631         {
1632                 .name   = "trim_backlog_batch",
1633                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1634                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_batch),
1635                 .help   = "Trim this number of IO blocks",
1636                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
1637         },
1638 #endif
1639         {
1640                 .name   = "write_iolog",
1641                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1642                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_iolog_file),
1643                 .help   = "Store IO pattern to file",
1644         },
1645         {
1646                 .name   = "read_iolog",
1647                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1648                 .off1   = td_var_offset(read_iolog_file),
1649                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern from file",
1650         },
1651         {
1652                 .name   = "replay_no_stall",
1653                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1654                 .off1   = td_var_offset(no_stall),
1655                 .def    = "0",
1656                 .parent = "read_iolog",
1657                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern file as fast as possible without stalls",
1658         },
1659         {
1660                 .name   = "replay_redirect",
1661                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1662                 .off1   = td_var_offset(replay_redirect),
1663                 .parent = "read_iolog",
1664                 .help   = "Replay all I/O onto this device, regardless of trace device",
1665         },
1666         {
1667                 .name   = "exec_prerun",
1668                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1669                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_prerun),
1670                 .help   = "Execute this file prior to running job",
1671         },
1672         {
1673                 .name   = "exec_postrun",
1674                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1675                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_postrun),
1676                 .help   = "Execute this file after running job",
1677         },
1678 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
1679         {
1680                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
1681                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1682                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioscheduler),
1683                 .help   = "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
1684         },
1685 #endif
1686         {
1687                 .name   = "zonesize",
1688                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1689                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_size),
1690                 .help   = "Amount of data to read per zone",
1691                 .def    = "0",
1692         },
1693         {
1694                 .name   = "zonerange",
1695                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1696                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_range),
1697                 .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
1698                 .def    = "0",
1699         },
1700         {
1701                 .name   = "zoneskip",
1702                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1703                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_skip),
1704                 .help   = "Space between IO zones",
1705                 .def    = "0",
1706         },
1707         {
1708                 .name   = "lockmem",
1709                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1710                 .cb     = str_lockmem_cb,
1711                 .help   = "Lock down this amount of memory",
1712                 .def    = "0",
1713         },
1714         {
1715                 .name   = "rwmixread",
1716                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1717                 .cb     = str_rwmix_read_cb,
1718                 .maxval = 100,
1719                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
1720                 .def    = "50",
1721         },
1722         {
1723                 .name   = "rwmixwrite",
1724                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1725                 .cb     = str_rwmix_write_cb,
1726                 .maxval = 100,
1727                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
1728                 .def    = "50",
1729         },
1730         {
1731                 .name   = "rwmixcycle",
1732                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
1733         },
1734         {
1735                 .name   = "nice",
1736                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1737                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nice),
1738                 .help   = "Set job CPU nice value",
1739                 .minval = -19,
1740                 .maxval = 20,
1741                 .def    = "0",
1742         },
1743 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
1744         {
1745                 .name   = "prio",
1746                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1747                 .cb     = str_prio_cb,
1748                 .help   = "Set job IO priority value",
1749                 .minval = 0,
1750                 .maxval = 7,
1751         },
1752         {
1753                 .name   = "prioclass",
1754                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1755                 .cb     = str_prioclass_cb,
1756                 .help   = "Set job IO priority class",
1757                 .minval = 0,
1758                 .maxval = 3,
1759         },
1760 #endif
1761         {
1762                 .name   = "thinktime",
1763                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1764                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime),
1765                 .help   = "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
1766                 .def    = "0",
1767         },
1768         {
1769                 .name   = "thinktime_spin",
1770                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1771                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_spin),
1772                 .help   = "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
1773                 .def    = "0",
1774                 .parent = "thinktime",
1775         },
1776         {
1777                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks",
1778                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1779                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_blocks),
1780                 .help   = "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
1781                 .def    = "1",
1782                 .parent = "thinktime",
1783         },
1784         {
1785                 .name   = "rate",
1786                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1787                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate[0]),
1788                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate[1]),
1789                 .help   = "Set bandwidth rate",
1790         },
1791         {
1792                 .name   = "ratemin",
1793                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1794                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratemin[0]),
1795                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ratemin[1]),
1796                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
1797                 .parent = "rate",
1798         },
1799         {
1800                 .name   = "rate_iops",
1801                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1802                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[0]),
1803                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[1]),
1804                 .help   = "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
1805         },
1806         {
1807                 .name   = "rate_iops_min",
1808                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1809                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[0]),
1810                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[1]),
1811                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shut down",
1812                 .parent = "rate_iops",
1813         },
1814         {
1815                 .name   = "ratecycle",
1816                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1817                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratecycle),
1818                 .help   = "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
1819                 .def    = "1000",
1820                 .parent = "rate",
1821         },
1822         {
1823                 .name   = "invalidate",
1824                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1825                 .off1   = td_var_offset(invalidate_cache),
1826                 .help   = "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
1827                 .def    = "1",
1828         },
1829         {
1830                 .name   = "sync",
1831                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1832                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_io),
1833                 .help   = "Use O_SYNC for buffered writes",
1834                 .def    = "0",
1835                 .parent = "buffered",
1836         },
1837         {
1838                 .name   = "bwavgtime",
1839                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1840                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_avg_time),
1841                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
1842                           " (msec)",
1843                 .def    = "500",
1844                 .parent = "write_bw_log",
1845         },
1846         {
1847                 .name   = "iopsavgtime",
1848                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1849                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_avg_time),
1850                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate IOPS (msec)",
1851                 .def    = "500",
1852                 .parent = "write_iops_log",
1853         },
1854         {
1855                 .name   = "create_serialize",
1856                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1857                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_serialize),
1858                 .help   = "Serialize creating of job files",
1859                 .def    = "1",
1860         },
1861         {
1862                 .name   = "create_fsync",
1863                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1864                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_fsync),
1865                 .help   = "fsync file after creation",
1866                 .def    = "1",
1867         },
1868         {
1869                 .name   = "create_on_open",
1870                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1871                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_on_open),
1872                 .help   = "Create files when they are opened for IO",
1873                 .def    = "0",
1874         },
1875         {
1876                 .name   = "pre_read",
1877                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1878                 .off1   = td_var_offset(pre_read),
1879                 .help   = "Pre-read files before starting official testing",
1880                 .def    = "0",
1881         },
1882         {
1883                 .name   = "cpuload",
1884                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1885                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cpuload),
1886                 .help   = "Use this percentage of CPU",
1887         },
1888         {
1889                 .name   = "cpuchunks",
1890                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1891                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cpucycle),
1892                 .help   = "Length of the CPU burn cycles (usecs)",
1893                 .def    = "50000",
1894                 .parent = "cpuload",
1895         },
1896 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1897         {
1898                 .name   = "cpumask",
1899                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1900                 .cb     = str_cpumask_cb,
1901                 .help   = "CPU affinity mask",
1902         },
1903         {
1904                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
1905                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1906                 .cb     = str_cpus_allowed_cb,
1907                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed",
1908         },
1909 #endif
1910         {
1911                 .name   = "end_fsync",
1912                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1913                 .off1   = td_var_offset(end_fsync),
1914                 .help   = "Include fsync at the end of job",
1915                 .def    = "0",
1916         },
1917         {
1918                 .name   = "fsync_on_close",
1919                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1920                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_on_close),
1921                 .help   = "fsync files on close",
1922                 .def    = "0",
1923         },
1924         {
1925                 .name   = "unlink",
1926                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1927                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unlink),
1928                 .help   = "Unlink created files after job has completed",
1929                 .def    = "0",
1930         },
1931         {
1932                 .name   = "exitall",
1933                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1934                 .cb     = str_exitall_cb,
1935                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
1936         },
1937         {
1938                 .name   = "stonewall",
1939                 .alias  = "wait_for_previous",
1940                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1941                 .off1   = td_var_offset(stonewall),
1942                 .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
1943         },
1944         {
1945                 .name   = "new_group",
1946                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1947                 .off1   = td_var_offset(new_group),
1948                 .help   = "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
1949         },
1950         {
1951                 .name   = "thread",
1952                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1953                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_thread),
1954                 .help   = "Use threads instead of forks",
1955         },
1956         {
1957                 .name   = "write_bw_log",
1958                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1959                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_bw_log),
1960                 .cb     = str_write_bw_log_cb,
1961                 .help   = "Write log of bandwidth during run",
1962         },
1963         {
1964                 .name   = "write_lat_log",
1965                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1966                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_lat_log),
1967                 .cb     = str_write_lat_log_cb,
1968                 .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
1969         },
1970         {
1971                 .name   = "write_iops_log",
1972                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1973                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_iops_log),
1974                 .cb     = str_write_iops_log_cb,
1975                 .help   = "Write log of IOPS during run",
1976         },
1977         {
1978                 .name   = "log_avg_msec",
1979                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1980                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_avg_msec),
1981                 .help   = "Average bw/iops/lat logs over this period of time",
1982                 .def    = "0",
1983         },
1984         {
1985                 .name   = "hugepage-size",
1986                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1987                 .off1   = td_var_offset(hugepage_size),
1988                 .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
1989                 .def    = __fio_stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
1990         },
1991         {
1992                 .name   = "group_reporting",
1993                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1994                 .off1   = td_var_offset(group_reporting),
1995                 .help   = "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
1996         },
1997         {
1998                 .name   = "zero_buffers",
1999                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2000                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zero_buffers),
2001                 .help   = "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
2002         },
2003         {
2004                 .name   = "refill_buffers",
2005                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2006                 .off1   = td_var_offset(refill_buffers),
2007                 .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
2008         },
2009         {
2010                 .name   = "scramble_buffers",
2011                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2012                 .off1   = td_var_offset(scramble_buffers),
2013                 .help   = "Slightly scramble buffers on every IO submit",
2014                 .def    = "1",
2015         },
2016         {
2017                 .name   = "clat_percentiles",
2018                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2019                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clat_percentiles),
2020                 .help   = "Enable the reporting of completion latency percentiles",
2021                 .def    = "1",
2022         },
2023         {
2024                 .name   = "percentile_list",
2025                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
2026                 .off1   = td_var_offset(percentile_list),
2027                 .off2   = td_var_offset(overwrite_plist),
2028                 .help   = "Specify a custom list of percentiles to report",
2029                 .maxlen = FIO_IO_U_LIST_MAX_LEN,
2030                 .minfp  = 0.0,
2031                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
2032         },
2033
2034 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
2035         {
2036                 .name   = "disk_util",
2037                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2038                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_disk_util),
2039                 .help   = "Log disk utilization statistics",
2040                 .def    = "1",
2041         },
2042 #endif
2043         {
2044                 .name   = "gtod_reduce",
2045                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2046                 .help   = "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
2047                 .cb     = str_gtod_reduce_cb,
2048                 .def    = "0",
2049         },
2050         {
2051                 .name   = "disable_lat",
2052                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2053                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_lat),
2054                 .help   = "Disable latency numbers",
2055                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2056                 .def    = "0",
2057         },
2058         {
2059                 .name   = "disable_clat",
2060                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2061                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_clat),
2062                 .help   = "Disable completion latency numbers",
2063                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2064                 .def    = "0",
2065         },
2066         {
2067                 .name   = "disable_slat",
2068                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2069                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_slat),
2070                 .help   = "Disable submission latency numbers",
2071                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2072                 .def    = "0",
2073         },
2074         {
2075                 .name   = "disable_bw_measurement",
2076                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2077                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_bw),
2078                 .help   = "Disable bandwidth logging",
2079                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2080                 .def    = "0",
2081         },
2082         {
2083                 .name   = "gtod_cpu",
2084                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2085                 .cb     = str_gtod_cpu_cb,
2086                 .help   = "Set up dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
2087                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
2088         },
2089         {
2090                 .name   = "continue_on_error",
2091                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2092                 .off1   = td_var_offset(continue_on_error),
2093                 .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during IO",
2094                 .def    = "none",
2095                 .posval = {
2096                           { .ival = "none",
2097                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
2098                             .help = "Exit when an error is encountered",
2099                           },
2100                           { .ival = "read",
2101                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ,
2102                             .help = "Continue on read errors only",
2103                           },
2104                           { .ival = "write",
2105                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
2106                             .help = "Continue on write errors only",
2107                           },
2108                           { .ival = "io",
2109                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ | ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
2110                             .help = "Continue on any IO errors",
2111                           },
2112                           { .ival = "verify",
2113                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_VERIFY,
2114                             .help = "Continue on verify errors only",
2115                           },
2116                           { .ival = "all",
2117                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
2118                             .help = "Continue on all io and verify errors",
2119                           },
2120                           { .ival = "0",
2121                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
2122                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
2123                           },
2124                           { .ival = "1",
2125                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
2126                             .help = "Alias for 'all'",
2127                           },
2128                 },
2129         },
2130         {
2131                 .name   = "profile",
2132                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2133                 .off1   = td_var_offset(profile),
2134                 .help   = "Select a specific builtin performance test",
2135         },
2136         {
2137                 .name   = "cgroup",
2138                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2139                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup),
2140                 .help   = "Add job to cgroup of this name",
2141         },
2142         {
2143                 .name   = "cgroup_weight",
2144                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2145                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_weight),
2146                 .help   = "Use given weight for cgroup",
2147                 .minval = 100,
2148                 .maxval = 1000,
2149         },
2150         {
2151                 .name   = "cgroup_nodelete",
2152                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2153                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_nodelete),
2154                 .help   = "Do not delete cgroups after job completion",
2155                 .def    = "0",
2156         },
2157         {
2158                 .name   = "uid",
2159                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2160                 .off1   = td_var_offset(uid),
2161                 .help   = "Run job with this user ID",
2162         },
2163         {
2164                 .name   = "gid",
2165                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2166                 .off1   = td_var_offset(gid),
2167                 .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
2168         },
2169         {
2170                 .name   = "flow_id",
2171                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2172                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_id),
2173                 .help   = "The flow index ID to use",
2174                 .def    = "0",
2175         },
2176         {
2177                 .name   = "flow",
2178                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2179                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow),
2180                 .help   = "Weight for flow control of this job",
2181                 .parent = "flow_id",
2182                 .def    = "0",
2183         },
2184         {
2185                 .name   = "flow_watermark",
2186                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2187                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_watermark),
2188                 .help   = "High watermark for flow control. This option"
2189                         " should be set to the same value for all threads"
2190                         " with non-zero flow.",
2191                 .parent = "flow_id",
2192                 .def    = "1024",
2193         },
2194         {
2195                 .name   = "flow_sleep",
2196                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2197                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_sleep),
2198                 .help   = "How many microseconds to sleep after being held"
2199                         " back by the flow control mechanism",
2200                 .parent = "flow_id",
2201                 .def    = "0",
2202         },
2203         {
2204                 .name = NULL,
2205         },
2206 };
2207
2208 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o,
2209                         const char *name, int val)
2210 {
2211         lopt->name = (char *) name;
2212         lopt->val = val;
2213         if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
2214                 lopt->has_arg = no_argument;
2215         else
2216                 lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
2217 }
2218
2219 static void options_to_lopts(struct fio_option *opts,
2220                               struct option *long_options,
2221                               int i, int option_type)
2222 {
2223         struct fio_option *o = &opts[0];
2224         while (o->name) {
2225                 add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->name, option_type);
2226                 if (o->alias) {
2227                         i++;
2228                         add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->alias, option_type);
2229                 }
2230
2231                 i++;
2232                 o++;
2233                 assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
2234         }
2235 }
2236
2237 void fio_options_set_ioengine_opts(struct option *long_options,
2238                                    struct thread_data *td)
2239 {
2240         unsigned int i;
2241
2242         i = 0;
2243         while (long_options[i].name) {
2244                 if (long_options[i].val == FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE) {
2245                         memset(&long_options[i], 0, sizeof(*long_options));
2246                         break;
2247                 }
2248                 i++;
2249         }
2250
2251         /*
2252          * Just clear out the prior ioengine options.
2253          */
2254         if (!td || !td->eo)
2255                 return;
2256
2257         options_to_lopts(td->io_ops->options, long_options, i,
2258                          FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE);
2259 }
2260
2261 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
2262 {
2263         unsigned int i;
2264
2265         options_init(options);
2266
2267         i = 0;
2268         while (long_options[i].name)
2269                 i++;
2270
2271         options_to_lopts(options, long_options, i, FIO_GETOPT_JOB);
2272 }
2273
2274 struct fio_keyword {
2275         const char *word;
2276         const char *desc;
2277         char *replace;
2278 };
2279
2280 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
2281         {
2282                 .word   = "$pagesize",
2283                 .desc   = "Page size in the system",
2284         },
2285         {
2286                 .word   = "$mb_memory",
2287                 .desc   = "Megabytes of memory online",
2288         },
2289         {
2290                 .word   = "$ncpus",
2291                 .desc   = "Number of CPUs online in the system",
2292         },
2293         {
2294                 .word   = NULL,
2295         },
2296 };
2297
2298 void fio_keywords_init(void)
2299 {
2300         unsigned long long mb_memory;
2301         char buf[128];
2302         long l;
2303
2304         sprintf(buf, "%lu", page_size);
2305         fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
2306
2307         mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / (1024 * 1024);
2308         sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
2309         fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
2310
2311         l = cpus_online();
2312         sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
2313         fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
2314 }
2315
2316 #define BC_APP          "bc"
2317
2318 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
2319 {
2320         char buf[128], *tmp;
2321         FILE *f;
2322         int ret;
2323
2324         /*
2325          * No math, just return string
2326          */
2327         if ((!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
2328              !strchr(str, '/')) || strchr(str, '\''))
2329                 return str;
2330
2331         /*
2332          * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
2333          */
2334         tmp = strchr(str, '=');
2335         if (!tmp)
2336                 return str;
2337
2338         tmp++;
2339
2340         /*
2341          * Prevent buffer overflows; such a case isn't reasonable anyway
2342          */
2343         if (strlen(str) >= 128 || strlen(tmp) > 100)
2344                 return str;
2345
2346         sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
2347         if (system(buf)) {
2348                 log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
2349                 return NULL;
2350         }
2351
2352         sprintf(buf, "echo '%s' | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
2353         f = popen(buf, "r");
2354         if (!f) {
2355                 return NULL;
2356         }
2357
2358         ret = fread(&buf[tmp - str], 1, 128 - (tmp - str), f);
2359         if (ret <= 0) {
2360                 return NULL;
2361         }
2362
2363         pclose(f);
2364         buf[(tmp - str) + ret - 1] = '\0';
2365         memcpy(buf, str, tmp - str);
2366         free(str);
2367         return strdup(buf);
2368 }
2369
2370 /*
2371  * Return a copy of the input string with substrings of the form ${VARNAME}
2372  * substituted with the value of the environment variable VARNAME.  The
2373  * substitution always occurs, even if VARNAME is empty or the corresponding
2374  * environment variable undefined.
2375  */
2376 static char *option_dup_subs(const char *opt)
2377 {
2378         char out[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
2379         char in[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
2380         char *outptr = out;
2381         char *inptr = in;
2382         char *ch1, *ch2, *env;
2383         ssize_t nchr = OPT_LEN_MAX;
2384         size_t envlen;
2385
2386         if (strlen(opt) + 1 > OPT_LEN_MAX) {
2387                 log_err("OPT_LEN_MAX (%d) is too small\n", OPT_LEN_MAX);
2388                 return NULL;
2389         }
2390
2391         in[OPT_LEN_MAX] = '\0';
2392         strncpy(in, opt, OPT_LEN_MAX);
2393
2394         while (*inptr && nchr > 0) {
2395                 if (inptr[0] == '$' && inptr[1] == '{') {
2396                         ch2 = strchr(inptr, '}');
2397                         if (ch2 && inptr+1 < ch2) {
2398                                 ch1 = inptr+2;
2399                                 inptr = ch2+1;
2400                                 *ch2 = '\0';
2401
2402                                 env = getenv(ch1);
2403                                 if (env) {
2404                                         envlen = strlen(env);
2405                                         if (envlen <= nchr) {
2406                                                 memcpy(outptr, env, envlen);
2407                                                 outptr += envlen;
2408                                                 nchr -= envlen;
2409                                         }
2410                                 }
2411
2412                                 continue;
2413                         }
2414                 }
2415
2416                 *outptr++ = *inptr++;
2417                 --nchr;
2418         }
2419
2420         *outptr = '\0';
2421         return strdup(out);
2422 }
2423
2424 /*
2425  * Look for reserved variable names and replace them with real values
2426  */
2427 static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
2428 {
2429         char *s;
2430         int i;
2431         int docalc = 0;
2432
2433         for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
2434                 struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
2435
2436                 while ((s = strstr(opt, kw->word)) != NULL) {
2437                         char *new = malloc(strlen(opt) + 1);
2438                         char *o_org = opt;
2439                         int olen = s - opt;
2440                         int len;
2441
2442                         /*
2443                          * Copy part of the string before the keyword and
2444                          * sprintf() the replacement after it.
2445                          */
2446                         memcpy(new, opt, olen);
2447                         len = sprintf(new + olen, "%s", kw->replace);
2448
2449                         /*
2450                          * If there's more in the original string, copy that
2451                          * in too
2452                          */
2453                         opt += strlen(kw->word) + olen;
2454                         if (strlen(opt))
2455                                 memcpy(new + olen + len, opt, opt - o_org - 1);
2456
2457                         /*
2458                          * replace opt and free the old opt
2459                          */
2460                         opt = new;
2461                         free(o_org);
2462
2463                         docalc = 1;
2464                 }
2465         }
2466
2467         /*
2468          * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
2469          */
2470         if (docalc)
2471                 opt = bc_calc(opt);
2472
2473         return opt;
2474 }
2475
2476 static char **dup_and_sub_options(char **opts, int num_opts)
2477 {
2478         int i;
2479         char **opts_copy = malloc(num_opts * sizeof(*opts));
2480         for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
2481                 opts_copy[i] = option_dup_subs(opts[i]);
2482                 if (!opts_copy[i])
2483                         continue;
2484                 opts_copy[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts_copy[i]);
2485         }
2486         return opts_copy;
2487 }
2488
2489 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts)
2490 {
2491         int i, ret, unknown;
2492         char **opts_copy;
2493
2494         sort_options(opts, options, num_opts);
2495         opts_copy = dup_and_sub_options(opts, num_opts);
2496
2497         for (ret = 0, i = 0, unknown = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
2498                 struct fio_option *o;
2499                 int newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i], options, &o,
2500                                           td);
2501
2502                 if (opts_copy[i]) {
2503                         if (newret && !o) {
2504                                 unknown++;
2505                                 continue;
2506                         }
2507                         free(opts_copy[i]);
2508                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
2509                 }
2510
2511                 ret |= newret;
2512         }
2513
2514         if (unknown) {
2515                 ret |= ioengine_load(td);
2516                 if (td->eo) {
2517                         sort_options(opts_copy, td->io_ops->options, num_opts);
2518                         opts = opts_copy;
2519                 }
2520                 for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
2521                         struct fio_option *o = NULL;
2522                         int newret = 1;
2523                         if (!opts_copy[i])
2524                                 continue;
2525
2526                         if (td->eo)
2527                                 newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i],
2528                                                       td->io_ops->options, &o,
2529                                                       td->eo);
2530
2531                         ret |= newret;
2532                         if (!o)
2533                                 log_err("Bad option <%s>\n", opts[i]);
2534
2535                         free(opts_copy[i]);
2536                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
2537                 }
2538         }
2539
2540         free(opts_copy);
2541         return ret;
2542 }
2543
2544 int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
2545 {
2546         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, options, td);
2547 }
2548
2549 int fio_cmd_ioengine_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt,
2550                                 char *val)
2551 {
2552         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, td->io_ops->options, td);
2553 }
2554
2555 void fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data *td)
2556 {
2557         fill_default_options(td, options);
2558 }
2559
2560 int fio_show_option_help(const char *opt)
2561 {
2562         return show_cmd_help(options, opt);
2563 }
2564
2565 void options_mem_dupe(void *data, struct fio_option *options)
2566 {
2567         struct fio_option *o;
2568         char **ptr;
2569
2570         for (o = &options[0]; o->name; o++) {
2571                 if (o->type != FIO_OPT_STR_STORE)
2572                         continue;
2573
2574                 ptr = td_var(data, o->off1);
2575                 if (*ptr)
2576                         *ptr = strdup(*ptr);
2577         }
2578 }
2579
2580 /*
2581  * dupe FIO_OPT_STR_STORE options
2582  */
2583 void fio_options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
2584 {
2585         options_mem_dupe(&td->o, options);
2586
2587         if (td->eo && td->io_ops) {
2588                 void *oldeo = td->eo;
2589
2590                 td->eo = malloc(td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
2591                 memcpy(td->eo, oldeo, td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
2592                 options_mem_dupe(td->eo, td->io_ops->options);
2593         }
2594 }
2595
2596 unsigned int fio_get_kb_base(void *data)
2597 {
2598         struct thread_data *td = data;
2599         unsigned int kb_base = 0;
2600
2601         if (td)
2602                 kb_base = td->o.kb_base;
2603         if (!kb_base)
2604                 kb_base = 1024;
2605
2606         return kb_base;
2607 }
2608
2609 int add_option(struct fio_option *o)
2610 {
2611         struct fio_option *__o;
2612         int opt_index = 0;
2613
2614         __o = options;
2615         while (__o->name) {
2616                 opt_index++;
2617                 __o++;
2618         }
2619
2620         memcpy(&options[opt_index], o, sizeof(*o));
2621         return 0;
2622 }
2623
2624 void invalidate_profile_options(const char *prof_name)
2625 {
2626         struct fio_option *o;
2627
2628         o = options;
2629         while (o->name) {
2630                 if (o->prof_name && !strcmp(o->prof_name, prof_name)) {
2631                         o->type = FIO_OPT_INVALID;
2632                         o->prof_name = NULL;
2633                 }
2634                 o++;
2635         }
2636 }
2637
2638 void add_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival, const char *help)
2639 {
2640         struct fio_option *o;
2641         unsigned int i;
2642
2643         o = find_option(options, optname);
2644         if (!o)
2645                 return;
2646
2647         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
2648                 if (o->posval[i].ival)
2649                         continue;
2650
2651                 o->posval[i].ival = ival;
2652                 o->posval[i].help = help;
2653                 break;
2654         }
2655 }
2656
2657 void del_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival)
2658 {
2659         struct fio_option *o;
2660         unsigned int i;
2661
2662         o = find_option(options, optname);
2663         if (!o)
2664                 return;
2665
2666         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
2667                 if (!o->posval[i].ival)
2668                         continue;
2669                 if (strcmp(o->posval[i].ival, ival))
2670                         continue;
2671
2672                 o->posval[i].ival = NULL;
2673                 o->posval[i].help = NULL;
2674         }
2675 }
2676
2677 void fio_options_free(struct thread_data *td)
2678 {
2679         options_free(options, td);
2680         if (td->eo && td->io_ops && td->io_ops->options) {
2681                 options_free(td->io_ops->options, td->eo);
2682                 free(td->eo);
2683                 td->eo = NULL;
2684         }
2685 }