options.c

   1 #include <stdio.h>
   2 #include <stdlib.h>
   3 #include <unistd.h>
   4 #include <ctype.h>
   5 #include <string.h>
   6 #include <assert.h>
   7 #include <libgen.h>
   8 #include <fcntl.h>
   9 #include <sys/types.h>
  10 #include <sys/stat.h>
  11
  12 #include "fio.h"
  13 #include "verify.h"
  14 #include "parse.h"
  15 #include "lib/fls.h"
  16 #include "options.h"
  17
  18 #include "crc/crc32c.h"
  19
  20 /*
  21  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
  22  */
  23 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
  24 {
  25         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
  26
  27         if (!p)
  28                 return NULL;
  29
  30         p++;
  31         strip_blank_front(&p);
  32         strip_blank_end(p);
  33         return strdup(p);
  34 }
  35
  36 static int converthexchartoint(char a)
  37 {
  38         int base;
  39
  40         switch (a) {
  41         case '0'...'9':
  42                 base = '0';
  43                 break;
  44         case 'A'...'F':
  45                 base = 'A' - 10;
  46                 break;
  47         case 'a'...'f':
  48                 base = 'a' - 10;
  49                 break;
  50         default:
  51                 base = 0;
  52         }
  53         return a - base;
  54 }
  55
  56 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  57 {
  58         const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
  59         const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
  60
  61         return bsp1->perc < bsp2->perc;
  62 }
  63
  64 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_options *o, int ddir, char *str)
  65 {
  66         struct bssplit *bssplit;
  67         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
  68         unsigned int max_bs, min_bs;
  69         long long val;
  70         char *fname;
  71
  72         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] = 4;
  73         bssplit = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  74
  75         i = 0;
  76         max_bs = 0;
  77         min_bs = -1;
  78         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
  79                 char *perc_str;
  80
  81                 if (!strlen(fname))
  82                         break;
  83
  84                 /*
  85                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
  86                  */
  87                 if (i == o->bssplit_nr[ddir]) {
  88                         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] <<= 1;
  89                         bssplit = realloc(bssplit, o->bssplit_nr[ddir]
  90                                                   * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  91                 }
  92
  93                 perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
  94                 if (perc_str) {
  95                         *perc_str = '\0';
  96                         perc_str++;
  97                         perc = atoi(perc_str);
  98                         if (perc > 100)
  99                                 perc = 100;
 100                         else if (!perc)
 101                                 perc = -1;
 102                 } else
 103                         perc = -1;
 104
 105                 if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, o)) {
 106                         log_err("fio: bssplit conversion failed\n");
 107                         free(o->bssplit);
 108                         return 1;
 109                 }
 110
 111                 if (val > max_bs)
 112                         max_bs = val;
 113                 if (val < min_bs)
 114                         min_bs = val;
 115
 116                 bssplit[i].bs = val;
 117                 bssplit[i].perc = perc;
 118                 i++;
 119         }
 120
 121         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] = i;
 122
 123         /*
 124          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 125          */
 126         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 127         for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 128                 struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 129
 130                 if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 131                         perc_missing++;
 132                 else
 133                         perc += bsp->perc;
 134         }
 135
 136         if (perc > 100) {
 137                 log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 138                 free(bssplit);
 139                 return 1;
 140         }
 141         /*
 142          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 143          * them.
 144          */
 145         if (perc_missing) {
 146                 for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 147                         struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 148
 149                         if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 150                                 bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 151                 }
 152         }
 153
 154         o->min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
 155         o->max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
 156
 157         /*
 158          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 159          */
 160         qsort(bssplit, o->bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
 161         o->bssplit[ddir] = bssplit;
 162         return 0;
 163 }
 164
 165 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 166 {
 167         struct thread_data *td = data;
 168         char *str, *p, *odir, *ddir;
 169         int ret = 0;
 170
 171         p = str = strdup(input);
 172
 173         strip_blank_front(&str);
 174         strip_blank_end(str);
 175
 176         odir = strchr(str, ',');
 177         if (odir) {
 178                 ddir = strchr(odir + 1, ',');
 179                 if (ddir) {
 180                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, ddir + 1);
 181                         if (!ret)
 182                                 *ddir = '\0';
 183                 } else {
 184                         char *op;
 185
 186                         op = strdup(odir + 1);
 187                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 188
 189                         free(op);
 190                 }
 191                 if (!ret)
 192                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1);
 193                 if (!ret) {
 194                         *odir = '\0';
 195                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
 196                 }
 197         } else {
 198                 char *op;
 199
 200                 op = strdup(str);
 201                 ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, op);
 202                 free(op);
 203
 204                 if (!ret) {
 205                         op = strdup(str);
 206                         ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 207                         free(op);
 208                 }
 209                 ret = bssplit_ddir(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
 210         }
 211
 212         free(p);
 213         return ret;
 214 }
 215
 216 static int str2error(char *str)
 217 {
 218         const char *err[] = { "EPERM", "ENOENT", "ESRCH", "EINTR", "EIO",
 219                             "ENXIO", "E2BIG", "ENOEXEC", "EBADF",
 220                             "ECHILD", "EAGAIN", "ENOMEM", "EACCES",
 221                             "EFAULT", "ENOTBLK", "EBUSY", "EEXIST",
 222                             "EXDEV", "ENODEV", "ENOTDIR", "EISDIR",
 223                             "EINVAL", "ENFILE", "EMFILE", "ENOTTY",
 224                             "ETXTBSY","EFBIG", "ENOSPC", "ESPIPE",
 225                             "EROFS","EMLINK", "EPIPE", "EDOM", "ERANGE" };
 226         int i = 0, num = sizeof(err) / sizeof(void *);
 227
 228         while (i < num) {
 229                 if (!strcmp(err[i], str))
 230                         return i + 1;
 231                 i++;
 232         }
 233         return 0;
 234 }
 235
 236 static int ignore_error_type(struct thread_data *td, int etype, char *str)
 237 {
 238         unsigned int i;
 239         int *error;
 240         char *fname;
 241
 242         if (etype >= ERROR_TYPE_CNT) {
 243                 log_err("Illegal error type\n");
 244                 return 1;
 245         }
 246
 247         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = 4;
 248         error = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
 249
 250         i = 0;
 251         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
 252
 253                 if (!strlen(fname))
 254                         break;
 255
 256                 /*
 257                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
 258                  */
 259                 if (i == td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]) {
 260                         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] <<= 1;
 261                         error = realloc(error, td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]
 262                                                   * sizeof(int));
 263                 }
 264                 if (fname[0] == 'E') {
 265                         error[i] = str2error(fname);
 266                 } else {
 267                         error[i] = atoi(fname);
 268                         if (error[i] < 0)
 269                                 error[i] = error[i];
 270                 }
 271                 if (!error[i]) {
 272                         log_err("Unknown error %s, please use number value \n",
 273                                   fname);
 274                         return 1;
 275                 }
 276                 i++;
 277         }
 278         if (i) {
 279                 td->o.continue_on_error |= 1 << etype;
 280                 td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = i;
 281                 td->o.ignore_error[etype] = error;
 282         }
 283         return 0;
 284
 285 }
 286
 287 static int str_ignore_error_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 288 {
 289         struct thread_data *td = data;
 290         char *str, *p, *n;
 291         int type = 0, ret = 1;
 292         p = str = strdup(input);
 293
 294         strip_blank_front(&str);
 295         strip_blank_end(str);
 296
 297         while (p) {
 298                 n = strchr(p, ',');
 299                 if (n)
 300                         *n++ = '\0';
 301                 ret = ignore_error_type(td, type, p);
 302                 if (ret)
 303                         break;
 304                 p = n;
 305                 type++;
 306         }
 307         free(str);
 308         return ret;
 309 }
 310
 311 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 312 {
 313         struct thread_data *td = data;
 314         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
 315         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 316
 317         o->ddir_seq_nr = 1;
 318         o->ddir_seq_add = 0;
 319
 320         if (!nr)
 321                 return 0;
 322
 323         if (td_random(td))
 324                 o->ddir_seq_nr = atoi(nr);
 325         else {
 326                 long long val;
 327
 328                 if (str_to_decimal(nr, &val, 1, o)) {
 329                         log_err("fio: rw postfix parsing failed\n");
 330                         free(nr);
 331                         return 1;
 332                 }
 333
 334                 o->ddir_seq_add = val;
 335         }
 336
 337         free(nr);
 338         return 0;
 339 }
 340
 341 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 342 {
 343         struct thread_data *td = data;
 344
 345         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAP)
 346                 td->o.mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
 347
 348         return 0;
 349 }
 350
 351 static int fio_clock_source_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 352 {
 353         struct thread_data *td = data;
 354
 355         fio_clock_source = td->o.clocksource;
 356         fio_clock_source_set = 1;
 357         fio_clock_init();
 358         return 0;
 359 }
 360
 361 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 362 {
 363         struct thread_data *td = data;
 364
 365         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
 366         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
 367         return 0;
 368 }
 369
 370 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 371 {
 372         struct thread_data *td = data;
 373
 374         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
 375         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
 376         return 0;
 377 }
 378
 379 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
 380 {
 381         exitall_on_terminate = 1;
 382         return 0;
 383 }
 384
 385 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 386 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 387 {
 388         struct thread_data *td = data;
 389         unsigned int i;
 390         long max_cpu;
 391         int ret;
 392
 393         ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
 394         if (ret < 0) {
 395                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 396                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 397                 return 1;
 398         }
 399
 400         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 401
 402         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
 403                 if ((1 << i) & *val) {
 404                         if (i > max_cpu) {
 405                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
 406                                                                 max_cpu);
 407                                 return 1;
 408                         }
 409                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
 410                         fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
 411                 }
 412         }
 413
 414         td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 415         return 0;
 416 }
 417
 418 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
 419                             const char *input)
 420 {
 421         char *cpu, *str, *p;
 422         long max_cpu;
 423         int ret = 0;
 424
 425         ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
 426         if (ret < 0) {
 427                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 428                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 429                 return 1;
 430         }
 431
 432         p = str = strdup(input);
 433
 434         strip_blank_front(&str);
 435         strip_blank_end(str);
 436
 437         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 438
 439         while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
 440                 char *str2, *cpu2;
 441                 int icpu, icpu2;
 442
 443                 if (!strlen(cpu))
 444                         break;
 445
 446                 str2 = cpu;
 447                 icpu2 = -1;
 448                 while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
 449                         if (!strlen(cpu2))
 450                                 break;
 451
 452                         icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
 453                 }
 454
 455                 icpu = atoi(cpu);
 456                 if (icpu2 == -1)
 457                         icpu2 = icpu;
 458                 while (icpu <= icpu2) {
 459                         if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
 460                                 log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
 461                                         " %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
 462                                 ret = 1;
 463                                 break;
 464                         }
 465                         if (icpu > max_cpu) {
 466                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
 467                                                         icpu, max_cpu);
 468                                 ret = 1;
 469                                 break;
 470                         }
 471
 472                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
 473                         fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
 474                         icpu++;
 475                 }
 476                 if (ret)
 477                         break;
 478         }
 479
 480         free(p);
 481         if (!ret)
 482                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 483         return ret;
 484 }
 485
 486 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 487 {
 488         struct thread_data *td = data;
 489         int ret;
 490
 491         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
 492         if (!ret)
 493                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 494
 495         return ret;
 496 }
 497
 498 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 499 {
 500         struct thread_data *td = data;
 501         int ret;
 502
 503         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
 504         if (!ret)
 505                 td->o.verify_cpumask_set = 1;
 506
 507         return ret;
 508 }
 509 #endif
 510
 511 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
 512 static int str_numa_cpunodes_cb(void *data, char *input)
 513 {
 514         struct thread_data *td = data;
 515
 516         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 517          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 518          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 519          * numa_free_nodemask().
 520          */
 521         td->o.numa_cpunodesmask = numa_parse_nodestring(input);
 522         if (td->o.numa_cpunodesmask == NULL) {
 523                 log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 524                 td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_cpunodes_cb");
 525                 return 1;
 526         }
 527
 528         td->o.numa_cpumask_set = 1;
 529         return 0;
 530 }
 531
 532 static int str_numa_mpol_cb(void *data, char *input)
 533 {
 534         struct thread_data *td = data;
 535         const char * const policy_types[] =
 536                 { "default", "prefer", "bind", "interleave", "local" };
 537         int i;
 538
 539         char *nodelist = strchr(input, ':');
 540         if (nodelist) {
 541                 /* NUL-terminate mode */
 542                 *nodelist++ = '\0';
 543         }
 544
 545         for (i = 0; i <= MPOL_LOCAL; i++) {
 546                 if (!strcmp(input, policy_types[i])) {
 547                         td->o.numa_mem_mode = i;
 548                         break;
 549                 }
 550         }
 551         if (i > MPOL_LOCAL) {
 552                 log_err("fio: memory policy should be: default, prefer, bind, interleave, local\n");
 553                 goto out;
 554         }
 555
 556         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 557         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 558                 /*
 559                  * Insist on a nodelist of one node only
 560                  */
 561                 if (nodelist) {
 562                         char *rest = nodelist;
 563                         while (isdigit(*rest))
 564                                 rest++;
 565                         if (*rest) {
 566                                 log_err("fio: one node only for \'prefer\'\n");
 567                                 goto out;
 568                         }
 569                 } else {
 570                         log_err("fio: one node is needed for \'prefer\'\n");
 571                         goto out;
 572                 }
 573                 break;
 574         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 575                 /*
 576                  * Default to online nodes with memory if no nodelist
 577                  */
 578                 if (!nodelist)
 579                         nodelist = strdup("all");
 580                 break;
 581         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 582         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 583                 /*
 584                  * Don't allow a nodelist
 585                  */
 586                 if (nodelist) {
 587                         log_err("fio: NO nodelist for \'local\'\n");
 588                         goto out;
 589                 }
 590                 break;
 591         case MPOL_BIND:
 592                 /*
 593                  * Insist on a nodelist
 594                  */
 595                 if (!nodelist) {
 596                         log_err("fio: a nodelist is needed for \'bind\'\n");
 597                         goto out;
 598                 }
 599                 break;
 600         }
 601
 602
 603         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 604          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 605          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 606          * numa_free_nodemask().
 607          */
 608         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 609         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 610                 td->o.numa_mem_prefer_node = atoi(nodelist);
 611                 break;
 612         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 613         case MPOL_BIND:
 614                 td->o.numa_memnodesmask = numa_parse_nodestring(nodelist);
 615                 if (td->o.numa_memnodesmask == NULL) {
 616                         log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 617                         td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_memnodes_cb");
 618                         return 1;
 619                 }
 620                 break;
 621         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 622         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 623         default:
 624                 break;
 625         }
 626
 627         td->o.numa_memmask_set = 1;
 628         return 0;
 629
 630 out:
 631         return 1;
 632 }
 633 #endif
 634
 635 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 636 {
 637         struct thread_data *td = data;
 638         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 639
 640         td->file_service_nr = 1;
 641         if (nr) {
 642                 td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
 643                 free(nr);
 644         }
 645
 646         return 0;
 647 }
 648
 649 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
 650 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 651 {
 652         struct thread_data *td = data;
 653         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 654
 655         td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
 656         if (nr) {
 657                 td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
 658                 free(nr);
 659         }
 660
 661         return 0;
 662 }
 663 #endif
 664
 665 static int str_random_distribution_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 666 {
 667         struct thread_data *td = data;
 668         double val;
 669         char *nr;
 670
 671         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF)
 672                 val = 1.1;
 673         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO)
 674                 val = 0.2;
 675         else
 676                 return 0;
 677
 678         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 679         if (nr && !str_to_float(nr, &val)) {
 680                 log_err("fio: random postfix parsing failed\n");
 681                 free(nr);
 682                 return 1;
 683         }
 684
 685         free(nr);
 686
 687         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF) {
 688                 if (val == 1.00) {
 689                         log_err("fio: zipf theta must different than 1.0\n");
 690                         return 1;
 691                 }
 692                 td->o.zipf_theta.u.f = val;
 693         } else {
 694                 if (val <= 0.00 || val >= 1.00) {
 695                         log_err("fio: pareto input out of range (0 < input < 1.0)\n");
 696                         return 1;
 697                 }
 698                 td->o.pareto_h.u.f = val;
 699         }
 700
 701         return 0;
 702 }
 703
 704 /*
 705  * Return next file in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
 706  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
 707  * indicate a new file.
 708  */
 709 static char *get_next_file_name(char **ptr)
 710 {
 711         char *str = *ptr;
 712         char *p, *start;
 713
 714         if (!str || !strlen(str))
 715                 return NULL;
 716
 717         start = str;
 718         do {
 719                 /*
 720                  * No colon, we are done
 721                  */
 722                 p = strchr(str, ':');
 723                 if (!p) {
 724                         *ptr = NULL;
 725                         break;
 726                 }
 727
 728                 /*
 729                  * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
 730                  * continue
 731                  */
 732                 if (p == start) {
 733                         str = ++start;
 734                         continue;
 735                 }
 736
 737                 if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
 738                         *p = '\0';
 739                         *ptr = p + 1;
 740                         break;
 741                 }
 742
 743                 memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
 744                 str = p;
 745         } while (1);
 746
 747         return start;
 748 }
 749
 750 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 751 {
 752         struct thread_data *td = data;
 753         char *fname, *str, *p;
 754
 755         p = str = strdup(input);
 756
 757         strip_blank_front(&str);
 758         strip_blank_end(str);
 759
 760         if (!td->files_index)
 761                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 762
 763         while ((fname = get_next_file_name(&str)) != NULL) {
 764                 if (!strlen(fname))
 765                         break;
 766                 add_file(td, fname);
 767                 td->o.nr_files++;
 768         }
 769
 770         free(p);
 771         return 0;
 772 }
 773
 774 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 775 {
 776         struct thread_data *td = data;
 777         struct stat sb;
 778
 779         if (lstat(td->o.directory, &sb) < 0) {
 780                 int ret = errno;
 781
 782                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 783                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 784                 return 1;
 785         }
 786         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 787                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 788                 return 1;
 789         }
 790
 791         return 0;
 792 }
 793
 794 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 795 {
 796         struct thread_data *td = data;
 797
 798         if (!td->files_index)
 799                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 800
 801         return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
 802 }
 803
 804 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 805 {
 806         struct thread_data *td = data;
 807         long off;
 808         int i = 0, j = 0, len, k, base = 10;
 809         char *loc1, *loc2;
 810
 811         loc1 = strstr(input, "0x");
 812         loc2 = strstr(input, "0X");
 813         if (loc1 || loc2)
 814                 base = 16;
 815         off = strtol(input, NULL, base);
 816         if (off != LONG_MAX || errno != ERANGE) {
 817                 while (off) {
 818                         td->o.verify_pattern[i] = off & 0xff;
 819                         off >>= 8;
 820                         i++;
 821                 }
 822         } else {
 823                 len = strlen(input);
 824                 k = len - 1;
 825                 if (base == 16) {
 826                         if (loc1)
 827                                 j = loc1 - input + 2;
 828                         else
 829                                 j = loc2 - input + 2;
 830                 } else
 831                         return 1;
 832                 if (len - j < MAX_PATTERN_SIZE * 2) {
 833                         while (k >= j) {
 834                                 off = converthexchartoint(input[k--]);
 835                                 if (k >= j)
 836                                         off += (converthexchartoint(input[k--])
 837                                                 * 16);
 838                                 td->o.verify_pattern[i++] = (char) off;
 839                         }
 840                 }
 841         }
 842
 843         /*
 844          * Fill the pattern all the way to the end. This greatly reduces
 845          * the number of memcpy's we have to do when verifying the IO.
 846          */
 847         while (i > 1 && i * 2 <= MAX_PATTERN_SIZE) {
 848                 memcpy(&td->o.verify_pattern[i], &td->o.verify_pattern[0], i);
 849                 i *= 2;
 850         }
 851         if (i == 1) {
 852                 /*
 853                  * The code in verify_io_u_pattern assumes a single byte pattern
 854                  * fills the whole verify pattern buffer.
 855                  */
 856                 memset(td->o.verify_pattern, td->o.verify_pattern[0],
 857                        MAX_PATTERN_SIZE);
 858         }
 859
 860         td->o.verify_pattern_bytes = i;
 861
 862         /*
 863          * VERIFY_META could already be set
 864          */
 865         if (td->o.verify == VERIFY_NONE)
 866                 td->o.verify = VERIFY_PATTERN;
 867
 868         return 0;
 869 }
 870
 871 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
 872 {
 873         struct thread_data *td = data;
 874         int val = *il;
 875
 876         td->o.disable_lat = !!val;
 877         td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
 878         td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
 879         td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
 880         td->o.clat_percentiles = !val;
 881         if (val)
 882                 td->tv_cache_mask = 63;
 883
 884         return 0;
 885 }
 886
 887 static int str_gtod_cpu_cb(void *data, long long *il)
 888 {
 889         struct thread_data *td = data;
 890         int val = *il;
 891
 892         td->o.gtod_cpu = val;
 893         td->o.gtod_offload = 1;
 894         return 0;
 895 }
 896
 897 static int str_size_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *__val)
 898 {
 899         struct thread_data *td = data;
 900         unsigned long long v = *__val;
 901
 902         if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
 903                 td->o.size = 0;
 904                 td->o.size_percent = -1ULL - v;
 905         } else
 906                 td->o.size = v;
 907
 908         return 0;
 909 }
 910
 911 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 912 {
 913         struct thread_data *td = data;
 914
 915         if (read_only && td_write(td)) {
 916                 log_err("fio: job <%s> has write bit set, but fio is in"
 917                         " read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
 918                 return 1;
 919         }
 920
 921         return 0;
 922 }
 923
 924 static int gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 925 {
 926 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 927         struct thread_data *td = data;
 928
 929         if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
 930                 log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
 931                         "gettimeofday() offloading\n");
 932                 return 1;
 933         }
 934 #endif
 935
 936         return 0;
 937 }
 938
 939 static int kb_base_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 940 {
 941         struct thread_data *td = data;
 942
 943         if (td->o.kb_base != 1024 && td->o.kb_base != 1000) {
 944                 log_err("fio: kb_base set to nonsensical value: %u\n",
 945                                 td->o.kb_base);
 946                 return 1;
 947         }
 948
 949         return 0;
 950 }
 951
 952 /*
 953  * Option grouping
 954  */
 955 static struct opt_group fio_opt_groups[] = {
 956         {
 957                 .name   = "General",
 958                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
 959         },
 960         {
 961                 .name   = "I/O",
 962                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
 963         },
 964         {
 965                 .name   = "File",
 966                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
 967         },
 968         {
 969                 .name   = "Statistics",
 970                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
 971         },
 972         {
 973                 .name   = "Logging",
 974                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
 975         },
 976         {
 977                 .name   = "Profiles",
 978                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
 979         },
 980         {
 981                 .name   = NULL,
 982         },
 983 };
 984
 985 static struct opt_group *__opt_group_from_mask(struct opt_group *ogs, unsigned int *mask,
 986                                                unsigned int inv_mask)
 987 {
 988         struct opt_group *og;
 989         int i;
 990
 991         if (*mask == inv_mask || !*mask)
 992                 return NULL;
 993
 994         for (i = 0; ogs[i].name; i++) {
 995                 og = &ogs[i];
 996
 997                 if (*mask & og->mask) {
 998                         *mask &= ~(og->mask);
 999                         return og;
1000                 }
1001         }
1002
1003         return NULL;
1004 }
1005
1006 struct opt_group *opt_group_from_mask(unsigned int *mask)
1007 {
1008         return __opt_group_from_mask(fio_opt_groups, mask, FIO_OPT_C_INVALID);
1009 }
1010
1011 static struct opt_group fio_opt_cat_groups[] = {
1012         {
1013                 .name   = "Rate",
1014                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
1015         },
1016         {
1017                 .name   = "Zone",
1018                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
1019         },
1020         {
1021                 .name   = "Read/write mix",
1022                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
1023         },
1024         {
1025                 .name   = "Verify",
1026                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1027         },
1028         {
1029                 .name   = "Trim",
1030                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
1031         },
1032         {
1033                 .name   = "I/O Logging",
1034                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
1035         },
1036         {
1037                 .name   = "I/O Depth",
1038                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_DEPTH,
1039         },
1040         {
1041                 .name   = "I/O Flow",
1042                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
1043         },
1044         {
1045                 .name   = "Description",
1046                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1047         },
1048         {
1049                 .name   = "Filename",
1050                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1051         },
1052         {
1053                 .name   = "General I/O",
1054                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1055         },
1056         {
1057                 .name   = "Cgroups",
1058                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
1059         },
1060         {
1061                 .name   = "Runtime",
1062                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1063         },
1064         {
1065                 .name   = "Process",
1066                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
1067         },
1068         {
1069                 .name   = "Job credentials / priority",
1070                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
1071         },
1072         {
1073                 .name   = "Clock settings",
1074                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
1075         },
1076         {
1077                 .name   = "I/O Type",
1078                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1079         },
1080         {
1081                 .name   = "I/O Thinktime",
1082                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
1083         },
1084         {
1085                 .name   = "Randomizations",
1086                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1087         },
1088         {
1089                 .name   = "I/O buffers",
1090                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
1091         },
1092         {
1093                 .name   = "Tiobench profile",
1094                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_TIOBENCH,
1095         },
1096
1097         {
1098                 .name   = NULL,
1099         }
1100 };
1101
1102 struct opt_group *opt_group_cat_from_mask(unsigned int *mask)
1103 {
1104         return __opt_group_from_mask(fio_opt_cat_groups, mask, FIO_OPT_G_INVALID);
1105 }
1106
1107 /*
1108  * Map of job/command line options
1109  */
1110 struct fio_option fio_options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
1111         {
1112                 .name   = "description",
1113                 .lname  = "Description of job",
1114                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1115                 .off1   = td_var_offset(description),
1116                 .help   = "Text job description",
1117                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1118                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1119         },
1120         {
1121                 .name   = "name",
1122                 .lname  = "Job name",
1123                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1124                 .off1   = td_var_offset(name),
1125                 .help   = "Name of this job",
1126                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1127                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1128         },
1129         {
1130                 .name   = "filename",
1131                 .lname  = "Filename(s)",
1132                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1133                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename),
1134                 .cb     = str_filename_cb,
1135                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1136                 .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
1137                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1138                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1139         },
1140         {
1141                 .name   = "directory",
1142                 .lname  = "Directory",
1143                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1144                 .off1   = td_var_offset(directory),
1145                 .cb     = str_directory_cb,
1146                 .help   = "Directory to store files in",
1147                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1148                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1149         },
1150         {
1151                 .name   = "filename_format",
1152                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1153                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename_format),
1154                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1155                 .help   = "Override default $jobname.$jobnum.$filenum naming",
1156                 .def    = "$jobname.$jobnum.$filenum",
1157                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1158                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1159         },
1160         {
1161                 .name   = "lockfile",
1162                 .lname  = "Lockfile",
1163                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1164                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_lock_mode),
1165                 .help   = "Lock file when doing IO to it",
1166                 .parent = "filename",
1167                 .hide   = 0,
1168                 .def    = "none",
1169                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1170                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1171                 .posval = {
1172                           { .ival = "none",
1173                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
1174                             .help = "No file locking",
1175                           },
1176                           { .ival = "exclusive",
1177                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
1178                             .help = "Exclusive file lock",
1179                           },
1180                           {
1181                             .ival = "readwrite",
1182                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
1183                             .help = "Read vs write lock",
1184                           },
1185                 },
1186         },
1187         {
1188                 .name   = "opendir",
1189                 .lname  = "Open directory",
1190                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1191                 .off1   = td_var_offset(opendir),
1192                 .cb     = str_opendir_cb,
1193                 .help   = "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
1194                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1195                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1196         },
1197         {
1198                 .name   = "rw",
1199                 .lname  = "Read/write",
1200                 .alias  = "readwrite",
1201                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1202                 .cb     = str_rw_cb,
1203                 .off1   = td_var_offset(td_ddir),
1204                 .help   = "IO direction",
1205                 .def    = "read",
1206                 .verify = rw_verify,
1207                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1208                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1209                 .posval = {
1210                           { .ival = "read",
1211                             .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
1212                             .help = "Sequential read",
1213                           },
1214                           { .ival = "write",
1215                             .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
1216                             .help = "Sequential write",
1217                           },
1218                           { .ival = "trim",
1219                             .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIM,
1220                             .help = "Sequential trim",
1221                           },
1222                           { .ival = "randread",
1223                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
1224                             .help = "Random read",
1225                           },
1226                           { .ival = "randwrite",
1227                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
1228                             .help = "Random write",
1229                           },
1230                           { .ival = "randtrim",
1231                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDTRIM,
1232                             .help = "Random trim",
1233                           },
1234                           { .ival = "rw",
1235                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1236                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1237                           },
1238                           { .ival = "readwrite",
1239                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1240                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1241                           },
1242                           { .ival = "randrw",
1243                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
1244                             .help = "Random read and write mix"
1245                           },
1246                 },
1247         },
1248         {
1249                 .name   = "rw_sequencer",
1250                 .lname  = "RW Sequencer",
1251                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1252                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rw_seq),
1253                 .help   = "IO offset generator modifier",
1254                 .def    = "sequential",
1255                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1256                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1257                 .posval = {
1258                           { .ival = "sequential",
1259                             .oval = RW_SEQ_SEQ,
1260                             .help = "Generate sequential offsets",
1261                           },
1262                           { .ival = "identical",
1263                             .oval = RW_SEQ_IDENT,
1264                             .help = "Generate identical offsets",
1265                           },
1266                 },
1267         },
1268
1269         {
1270                 .name   = "ioengine",
1271                 .lname  = "IO Engine",
1272                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1273                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioengine),
1274                 .help   = "IO engine to use",
1275                 .def    = FIO_PREFERRED_ENGINE,
1276                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1277                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1278                 .posval = {
1279                           { .ival = "sync",
1280                             .help = "Use read/write",
1281                           },
1282                           { .ival = "psync",
1283                             .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
1284                           },
1285                           { .ival = "vsync",
1286                             .help = "Use readv/writev",
1287                           },
1288 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBAIO
1289                           { .ival = "libaio",
1290                             .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
1291                           },
1292 #endif
1293 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIXAIO
1294                           { .ival = "posixaio",
1295                             .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
1296                           },
1297 #endif
1298 #ifdef CONFIG_SOLARISAIO
1299                           { .ival = "solarisaio",
1300                             .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
1301                           },
1302 #endif
1303 #ifdef CONFIG_WINDOWSAIO
1304                           { .ival = "windowsaio",
1305                             .help = "Windows native asynchronous IO"
1306                           },
1307 #endif
1308                           { .ival = "mmap",
1309                             .help = "Memory mapped IO"
1310                           },
1311 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_SPLICE
1312                           { .ival = "splice",
1313                             .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
1314                           },
1315                           { .ival = "netsplice",
1316                             .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
1317                           },
1318 #endif
1319 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
1320                           { .ival = "sg",
1321                             .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
1322                           },
1323 #endif
1324                           { .ival = "null",
1325                             .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
1326                           },
1327                           { .ival = "net",
1328                             .help = "Network IO",
1329                           },
1330                           { .ival = "cpuio",
1331                             .help = "CPU cycle burner engine",
1332                           },
1333 #ifdef CONFIG_GUASI
1334                           { .ival = "guasi",
1335                             .help = "GUASI IO engine",
1336                           },
1337 #endif
1338 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_BINJECT
1339                           { .ival = "binject",
1340                             .help = "binject direct inject block engine",
1341                           },
1342 #endif
1343 #ifdef CONFIG_RDMA
1344                           { .ival = "rdma",
1345                             .help = "RDMA IO engine",
1346                           },
1347 #endif
1348 #ifdef CONFIG_FUSION_AW
1349                           { .ival = "fusion-aw-sync",
1350                             .help = "Fusion-io atomic write engine",
1351                           },
1352 #endif
1353 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_EXT4_MOVE_EXTENT
1354                           { .ival = "e4defrag",
1355                             .help = "ext4 defrag engine",
1356                           },
1357 #endif
1358 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1359                           { .ival = "falloc",
1360                             .help = "fallocate() file based engine",
1361                           },
1362 #endif
1363                           { .ival = "external",
1364                             .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
1365                           },
1366                 },
1367         },
1368         {
1369                 .name   = "iodepth",
1370                 .lname  = "IO Depth",
1371                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1372                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth),
1373                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to keep in flight",
1374                 .minval = 1,
1375                 .interval = 1,
1376                 .def    = "1",
1377                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1378                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1379         },
1380         {
1381                 .name   = "iodepth_batch",
1382                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch",
1383                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_submit",
1384                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1385                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch),
1386                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
1387                 .parent = "iodepth",
1388                 .hide   = 1,
1389                 .minval = 1,
1390                 .interval = 1,
1391                 .def    = "1",
1392                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1393                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1394         },
1395         {
1396                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete",
1397                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch complete",
1398                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1399                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch_complete),
1400                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
1401                 .parent = "iodepth",
1402                 .hide   = 1,
1403                 .minval = 0,
1404                 .interval = 1,
1405                 .def    = "1",
1406                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1407                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1408         },
1409         {
1410                 .name   = "iodepth_low",
1411                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch low",
1412                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1413                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_low),
1414                 .help   = "Low water mark for queuing depth",
1415                 .parent = "iodepth",
1416                 .hide   = 1,
1417                 .interval = 1,
1418                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1419                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1420         },
1421         {
1422                 .name   = "size",
1423                 .lname  = "Size",
1424                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1425                 .cb     = str_size_cb,
1426                 .help   = "Total size of device or files",
1427                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1428                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1429                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1430         },
1431         {
1432                 .name   = "fill_device",
1433                 .lname  = "Fill device",
1434                 .alias  = "fill_fs",
1435                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1436                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fill_device),
1437                 .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
1438                 .def    = "0",
1439                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1440                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1441         },
1442         {
1443                 .name   = "filesize",
1444                 .lname  = "File size",
1445                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1446                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_size_low),
1447                 .off2   = td_var_offset(file_size_high),
1448                 .minval = 1,
1449                 .help   = "Size of individual files",
1450                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1451                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1452                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1453         },
1454         {
1455                 .name   = "offset",
1456                 .lname  = "IO offset",
1457                 .alias  = "fileoffset",
1458                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1459                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_offset),
1460                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset",
1461                 .def    = "0",
1462                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1463                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1464                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1465         },
1466         {
1467                 .name   = "offset_increment",
1468                 .lname  = "IO offset increment",
1469                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1470                 .off1   = td_var_offset(offset_increment),
1471                 .help   = "What is the increment from one offset to the next",
1472                 .parent = "offset",
1473                 .hide   = 1,
1474                 .def    = "0",
1475                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1476                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1477                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1478         },
1479         {
1480                 .name   = "bs",
1481                 .lname  = "Block size",
1482                 .alias  = "blocksize",
1483                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1484                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_READ]),
1485                 .off2   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1486                 .off3   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1487                 .minval = 1,
1488                 .help   = "Block size unit",
1489                 .def    = "4k",
1490                 .parent = "rw",
1491                 .hide   = 1,
1492                 .interval = 512,
1493                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1494                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1495         },
1496         {
1497                 .name   = "ba",
1498                 .lname  = "Block size align",
1499                 .alias  = "blockalign",
1500                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1501                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_READ]),
1502                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
1503                 .off3   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_TRIM]),
1504                 .minval = 1,
1505                 .help   = "IO block offset alignment",
1506                 .parent = "rw",
1507                 .hide   = 1,
1508                 .interval = 512,
1509                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1510                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1511         },
1512         {
1513                 .name   = "bsrange",
1514                 .lname  = "Block size range",
1515                 .alias  = "blocksize_range",
1516                 .type   = FIO_OPT_RANGE,
1517                 .off1   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1518                 .off2   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1519                 .off3   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1520                 .off4   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1521                 .off5   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1522                 .off6   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1523                 .minval = 1,
1524                 .help   = "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
1525                 .parent = "rw",
1526                 .hide   = 1,
1527                 .interval = 4096,
1528                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1529                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1530         },
1531         {
1532                 .name   = "bssplit",
1533                 .lname  = "Block size split",
1534                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1535                 .cb     = str_bssplit_cb,
1536                 .help   = "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
1537                 .parent = "rw",
1538                 .hide   = 1,
1539                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1540                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1541         },
1542         {
1543                 .name   = "bs_unaligned",
1544                 .lname  = "Block size unaligned",
1545                 .alias  = "blocksize_unaligned",
1546                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1547                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_unaligned),
1548                 .help   = "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
1549                 .parent = "rw",
1550                 .hide   = 1,
1551                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1552                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1553         },
1554         {
1555                 .name   = "randrepeat",
1556                 .lname  = "Random repeatable",
1557                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1558                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rand_repeatable),
1559                 .help   = "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
1560                 .def    = "1",
1561                 .parent = "rw",
1562                 .hide   = 1,
1563                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1564                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1565         },
1566         {
1567                 .name   = "use_os_rand",
1568                 .lname  = "Use OS random",
1569                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1570                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_os_rand),
1571                 .help   = "Set to use OS random generator",
1572                 .def    = "0",
1573                 .parent = "rw",
1574                 .hide   = 1,
1575                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1576                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1577         },
1578         {
1579                 .name   = "norandommap",
1580                 .lname  = "No randommap",
1581                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1582                 .off1   = td_var_offset(norandommap),
1583                 .help   = "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
1584                 .parent = "rw",
1585                 .hide   = 1,
1586                 .hide_on_set = 1,
1587                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1588                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1589         },
1590         {
1591                 .name   = "softrandommap",
1592                 .lname  = "Soft randommap",
1593                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1594                 .off1   = td_var_offset(softrandommap),
1595                 .help   = "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
1596                 .parent = "norandommap",
1597                 .hide   = 1,
1598                 .def    = "0",
1599                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1600                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1601         },
1602         {
1603                 .name   = "random_generator",
1604                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1605                 .off1   = td_var_offset(random_generator),
1606                 .help   = "Type of random number generator to use",
1607                 .def    = "tausworthe",
1608                 .posval = {
1609                           { .ival = "tausworthe",
1610                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_TAUSWORTHE,
1611                             .help = "Strong Tausworthe generator",
1612                           },
1613                           { .ival = "lfsr",
1614                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_LFSR,
1615                             .help = "Variable length LFSR",
1616                           },
1617                 },
1618                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1619                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1620         },
1621         {
1622                 .name   = "random_distribution",
1623                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1624                 .off1   = td_var_offset(random_distribution),
1625                 .cb     = str_random_distribution_cb,
1626                 .help   = "Random offset distribution generator",
1627                 .def    = "random",
1628                 .posval = {
1629                           { .ival = "random",
1630                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_RANDOM,
1631                             .help = "Completely random",
1632                           },
1633                           { .ival = "zipf",
1634                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF,
1635                             .help = "Zipf distribution",
1636                           },
1637                           { .ival = "pareto",
1638                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO,
1639                             .help = "Pareto distribution",
1640                           },
1641                 },
1642                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1643                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1644         },
1645         {
1646                 .name   = "nrfiles",
1647                 .lname  = "Number of files",
1648                 .alias  = "nr_files",
1649                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1650                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nr_files),
1651                 .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
1652                 .def    = "1",
1653                 .interval = 1,
1654                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1655                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1656         },
1657         {
1658                 .name   = "openfiles",
1659                 .lname  = "Number of open files",
1660                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1661                 .off1   = td_var_offset(open_files),
1662                 .help   = "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
1663                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1664                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1665         },
1666         {
1667                 .name   = "file_service_type",
1668                 .lname  = "File service type",
1669                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1670                 .cb     = str_fst_cb,
1671                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_service_type),
1672                 .help   = "How to select which file to service next",
1673                 .def    = "roundrobin",
1674                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1675                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1676                 .posval = {
1677                           { .ival = "random",
1678                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
1679                             .help = "Choose a file at random",
1680                           },
1681                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
1682                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
1683                             .help = "Round robin select files",
1684                           },
1685                           { .ival = "sequential",
1686                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
1687                             .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
1688                           },
1689                 },
1690                 .parent = "nrfiles",
1691                 .hide   = 1,
1692         },
1693 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE
1694         {
1695                 .name   = "fallocate",
1696                 .lname  = "Fallocate",
1697                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1698                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fallocate_mode),
1699                 .help   = "Whether pre-allocation is performed when laying out files",
1700                 .def    = "posix",
1701                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1702                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1703                 .posval = {
1704                           { .ival = "none",
1705                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
1706                             .help = "Do not pre-allocate space",
1707                           },
1708                           { .ival = "posix",
1709                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
1710                             .help = "Use posix_fallocate()",
1711                           },
1712 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1713                           { .ival = "keep",
1714                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_KEEP_SIZE,
1715                             .help = "Use fallocate(..., FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE, ...)",
1716                           },
1717 #endif
1718                           /* Compatibility with former boolean values */
1719                           { .ival = "0",
1720                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
1721                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
1722                           },
1723                           { .ival = "1",
1724                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
1725                             .help = "Alias for 'posix'",
1726                           },
1727                 },
1728         },
1729 #endif  /* CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE */
1730         {
1731                 .name   = "fadvise_hint",
1732                 .lname  = "Fadvise hint",
1733                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1734                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fadvise_hint),
1735                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
1736                 .def    = "1",
1737                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1738                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1739         },
1740         {
1741                 .name   = "fsync",
1742                 .lname  = "Fsync",
1743                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1744                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_blocks),
1745                 .help   = "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
1746                 .def    = "0",
1747                 .interval = 1,
1748                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1749                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1750         },
1751         {
1752                 .name   = "fdatasync",
1753                 .lname  = "Fdatasync",
1754                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1755                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fdatasync_blocks),
1756                 .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
1757                 .def    = "0",
1758                 .interval = 1,
1759                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1760                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1761         },
1762         {
1763                 .name   = "write_barrier",
1764                 .lname  = "Write barrier",
1765                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1766                 .off1   = td_var_offset(barrier_blocks),
1767                 .help   = "Make every Nth write a barrier write",
1768                 .def    = "0",
1769                 .interval = 1,
1770                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1771                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1772         },
1773 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
1774         {
1775                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
1776                 .lname  = "Sync file range",
1777                 .posval = {
1778                           { .ival = "wait_before",
1779                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
1780                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
1781                             .or   = 1,
1782                           },
1783                           { .ival = "write",
1784                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
1785                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
1786                             .or   = 1,
1787                           },
1788                           {
1789                             .ival = "wait_after",
1790                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
1791                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
1792                             .or   = 1,
1793                           },
1794                 },
1795                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_MULTI,
1796                 .cb     = str_sfr_cb,
1797                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_file_range),
1798                 .help   = "Use sync_file_range()",
1799                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1800                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1801         },
1802 #endif
1803         {
1804                 .name   = "direct",
1805                 .lname  = "Direct I/O",
1806                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1807                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1808                 .help   = "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
1809                 .def    = "0",
1810                 .inverse = "buffered",
1811                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1812                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1813         },
1814         {
1815                 .name   = "buffered",
1816                 .lname  = "Buffered I/O",
1817                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1818                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1819                 .neg    = 1,
1820                 .help   = "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
1821                 .def    = "1",
1822                 .inverse = "direct",
1823                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1824                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1825         },
1826         {
1827                 .name   = "overwrite",
1828                 .lname  = "Overwrite",
1829                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1830                 .off1   = td_var_offset(overwrite),
1831                 .help   = "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
1832                 .def    = "0",
1833                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1834                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1835         },
1836         {
1837                 .name   = "loops",
1838                 .lname  = "Loops",
1839                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1840                 .off1   = td_var_offset(loops),
1841                 .help   = "Number of times to run the job",
1842                 .def    = "1",
1843                 .interval = 1,
1844                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1845                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1846         },
1847         {
1848                 .name   = "numjobs",
1849                 .lname  = "Number of jobs",
1850                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1851                 .off1   = td_var_offset(numjobs),
1852                 .help   = "Duplicate this job this many times",
1853                 .def    = "1",
1854                 .interval = 1,
1855                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1856                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1857         },
1858         {
1859                 .name   = "startdelay",
1860                 .lname  = "Start delay",
1861                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1862                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_delay),
1863                 .help   = "Only start job when this period has passed",
1864                 .def    = "0",
1865                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1866                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1867         },
1868         {
1869                 .name   = "runtime",
1870                 .lname  = "Runtime",
1871                 .alias  = "timeout",
1872                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1873                 .off1   = td_var_offset(timeout),
1874                 .help   = "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
1875                 .def    = "0",
1876                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1877                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1878         },
1879         {
1880                 .name   = "time_based",
1881                 .lname  = "Time based",
1882                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1883                 .off1   = td_var_offset(time_based),
1884                 .help   = "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
1885                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1886                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1887         },
1888         {
1889                 .name   = "ramp_time",
1890                 .lname  = "Ramp time",
1891                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1892                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ramp_time),
1893                 .help   = "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
1894                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1895                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1896         },
1897         {
1898                 .name   = "clocksource",
1899                 .lname  = "Clock source",
1900                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1901                 .cb     = fio_clock_source_cb,
1902                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clocksource),
1903                 .help   = "What type of timing source to use",
1904                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1905                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
1906                 .posval = {
1907 #ifdef CONFIG_GETTIMEOFDAY
1908                           { .ival = "gettimeofday",
1909                             .oval = CS_GTOD,
1910                             .help = "Use gettimeofday(2) for timing",
1911                           },
1912 #endif
1913 #ifdef CONFIG_CLOCK_GETTIME
1914                           { .ival = "clock_gettime",
1915                             .oval = CS_CGETTIME,
1916                             .help = "Use clock_gettime(2) for timing",
1917                           },
1918 #endif
1919 #ifdef ARCH_HAVE_CPU_CLOCK
1920                           { .ival = "cpu",
1921                             .oval = CS_CPUCLOCK,
1922                             .help = "Use CPU private clock",
1923                           },
1924 #endif
1925                 },
1926         },
1927         {
1928                 .name   = "mem",
1929                 .alias  = "iomem",
1930                 .lname  = "I/O Memory",
1931                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1932                 .cb     = str_mem_cb,
1933                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_type),
1934                 .help   = "Backing type for IO buffers",
1935                 .def    = "malloc",
1936                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1937                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1938                 .posval = {
1939                           { .ival = "malloc",
1940                             .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
1941                             .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
1942                           },
1943                           { .ival = "shm",
1944                             .oval = MEM_SHM,
1945                             .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
1946                           },
1947 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
1948                           { .ival = "shmhuge",
1949                             .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
1950                             .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
1951                           },
1952 #endif
1953                           { .ival = "mmap",
1954                             .oval = MEM_MMAP,
1955                             .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
1956                           },
1957 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
1958                           { .ival = "mmaphuge",
1959                             .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
1960                             .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
1961                           },
1962 #endif
1963                   },
1964         },
1965         {
1966                 .name   = "iomem_align",
1967                 .alias  = "mem_align",
1968                 .lname  = "I/O memory alignment",
1969                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1970                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_align),
1971                 .minval = 0,
1972                 .help   = "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
1973                 .def    = "0",
1974                 .parent = "iomem",
1975                 .hide   = 1,
1976                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1977                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1978         },
1979         {
1980                 .name   = "verify",
1981                 .lname  = "Verify",
1982                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1983                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify),
1984                 .help   = "Verify data written",
1985                 .def    = "0",
1986                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1987                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1988                 .posval = {
1989                           { .ival = "0",
1990                             .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
1991                             .help = "Don't do IO verification",
1992                           },
1993                           { .ival = "md5",
1994                             .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
1995                             .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
1996                           },
1997                           { .ival = "crc64",
1998                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
1999                             .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
2000                           },
2001                           { .ival = "crc32",
2002                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
2003                             .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
2004                           },
2005                           { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
2006                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2007                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2008                           },
2009                           { .ival = "crc32c",
2010                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2011                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2012                           },
2013                           { .ival = "crc16",
2014                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
2015                             .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
2016                           },
2017                           { .ival = "crc7",
2018                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
2019                             .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
2020                           },
2021                           { .ival = "sha1",
2022                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
2023                             .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
2024                           },
2025                           { .ival = "sha256",
2026                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
2027                             .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
2028                           },
2029                           { .ival = "sha512",
2030                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
2031                             .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
2032                           },
2033                           { .ival = "meta",
2034                             .oval = VERIFY_META,
2035                             .help = "Use io information",
2036                           },
2037                           {
2038                             .ival = "null",
2039                             .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
2040                             .help = "Pretend to verify",
2041                           },
2042                 },
2043         },
2044         {
2045                 .name   = "do_verify",
2046                 .lname  = "Perform verify step",
2047                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2048                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_verify),
2049                 .help   = "Run verification stage after write",
2050                 .def    = "1",
2051                 .parent = "verify",
2052                 .hide   = 1,
2053                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2054                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2055         },
2056         {
2057                 .name   = "verifysort",
2058                 .lname  = "Verify sort",
2059                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2060                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort),
2061                 .help   = "Sort written verify blocks for read back",
2062                 .def    = "1",
2063                 .parent = "verify",
2064                 .hide   = 1,
2065                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2066                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2067         },
2068         {
2069                 .name   = "verifysort_nr",
2070                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2071                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort_nr),
2072                 .help   = "Pre-load and sort verify blocks for a read workload",
2073                 .minval = 0,
2074                 .maxval = 131072,
2075                 .def    = "1024",
2076                 .parent = "verify",
2077                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2078                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2079         },
2080         {
2081                 .name   = "verify_interval",
2082                 .lname  = "Verify interval",
2083                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2084                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_interval),
2085                 .minval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2086                 .help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
2087                 .parent = "verify",
2088                 .hide   = 1,
2089                 .interval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2090                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2091                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2092         },
2093         {
2094                 .name   = "verify_offset",
2095                 .lname  = "Verify offset",
2096                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2097                 .help   = "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
2098                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_offset),
2099                 .minval = sizeof(struct verify_header),
2100                 .parent = "verify",
2101                 .hide   = 1,
2102                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2103                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2104         },
2105         {
2106                 .name   = "verify_pattern",
2107                 .lname  = "Verify pattern",
2108                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2109                 .cb     = str_verify_pattern_cb,
2110                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
2111                 .parent = "verify",
2112                 .hide   = 1,
2113                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2114                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2115         },
2116         {
2117                 .name   = "verify_fatal",
2118                 .lname  = "Verify fatal",
2119                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2120                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_fatal),
2121                 .def    = "0",
2122                 .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
2123                 .parent = "verify",
2124                 .hide   = 1,
2125                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2126                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2127         },
2128         {
2129                 .name   = "verify_dump",
2130                 .lname  = "Verify dump",
2131                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2132                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_dump),
2133                 .def    = "0",
2134                 .help   = "Dump contents of good and bad blocks on failure",
2135                 .parent = "verify",
2136                 .hide   = 1,
2137                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2138                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2139         },
2140         {
2141                 .name   = "verify_async",
2142                 .lname  = "Verify asynchronously",
2143                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2144                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_async),
2145                 .def    = "0",
2146                 .help   = "Number of async verifier threads to use",
2147                 .parent = "verify",
2148                 .hide   = 1,
2149                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2150                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2151         },
2152         {
2153                 .name   = "verify_backlog",
2154                 .lname  = "Verify backlog",
2155                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2156                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_backlog),
2157                 .help   = "Verify after this number of blocks are written",
2158                 .parent = "verify",
2159                 .hide   = 1,
2160                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2161                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2162         },
2163         {
2164                 .name   = "verify_backlog_batch",
2165                 .lname  = "Verify backlog batch",
2166                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2167                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_batch),
2168                 .help   = "Verify this number of IO blocks",
2169                 .parent = "verify",
2170                 .hide   = 1,
2171                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2172                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2173         },
2174 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
2175         {
2176                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
2177                 .lname  = "Async verify CPUs",
2178                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2179                 .cb     = str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
2180                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
2181                 .parent = "verify_async",
2182                 .hide   = 1,
2183                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2184                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2185         },
2186 #endif
2187         {
2188                 .name   = "experimental_verify",
2189                 .off1   = td_var_offset(experimental_verify),
2190                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2191                 .help   = "Enable experimental verification",
2192                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2193                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2194         },
2195 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_TRIM
2196         {
2197                 .name   = "trim_percentage",
2198                 .lname  = "Trim percentage",
2199                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2200                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_percentage),
2201                 .minval = 0,
2202                 .maxval = 100,
2203                 .help   = "Number of verify blocks to discard/trim",
2204                 .parent = "verify",
2205                 .def    = "0",
2206                 .interval = 1,
2207                 .hide   = 1,
2208                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2209                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2210         },
2211         {
2212                 .name   = "trim_verify_zero",
2213                 .lname  = "Verify trim zero",
2214                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2215                 .help   = "Verify that trim/discarded blocks are returned as zeroes",
2216                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_zero),
2217                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2218                 .hide   = 1,
2219                 .def    = "1",
2220                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2221                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2222         },
2223         {
2224                 .name   = "trim_backlog",
2225                 .lname  = "Trim backlog",
2226                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2227                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_backlog),
2228                 .help   = "Trim after this number of blocks are written",
2229                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2230                 .hide   = 1,
2231                 .interval = 1,
2232                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2233                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2234         },
2235         {
2236                 .name   = "trim_backlog_batch",
2237                 .lname  = "Trim backlog batch",
2238                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2239                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_batch),
2240                 .help   = "Trim this number of IO blocks",
2241                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2242                 .hide   = 1,
2243                 .interval = 1,
2244                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2245                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2246         },
2247 #endif
2248         {
2249                 .name   = "write_iolog",
2250                 .lname  = "Write I/O log",
2251                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2252                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_iolog_file),
2253                 .help   = "Store IO pattern to file",
2254                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2255                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2256         },
2257         {
2258                 .name   = "read_iolog",
2259                 .lname  = "Read I/O log",
2260                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2261                 .off1   = td_var_offset(read_iolog_file),
2262                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern from file",
2263                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2264                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2265         },
2266         {
2267                 .name   = "replay_no_stall",
2268                 .lname  = "Don't stall on replay",
2269                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2270                 .off1   = td_var_offset(no_stall),
2271                 .def    = "0",
2272                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2273                 .hide   = 1,
2274                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern file as fast as possible without stalls",
2275                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2276                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2277         },
2278         {
2279                 .name   = "replay_redirect",
2280                 .lname  = "Redirect device for replay",
2281                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2282                 .off1   = td_var_offset(replay_redirect),
2283                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2284                 .hide   = 1,
2285                 .help   = "Replay all I/O onto this device, regardless of trace device",
2286                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2287                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2288         },
2289         {
2290                 .name   = "exec_prerun",
2291                 .lname  = "Pre-execute runnable",
2292                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2293                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_prerun),
2294                 .help   = "Execute this file prior to running job",
2295                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2296                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2297         },
2298         {
2299                 .name   = "exec_postrun",
2300                 .lname  = "Post-execute runnable",
2301                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2302                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_postrun),
2303                 .help   = "Execute this file after running job",
2304                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2305                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2306         },
2307 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
2308         {
2309                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
2310                 .lname  = "I/O scheduler",
2311                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2312                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioscheduler),
2313                 .help   = "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
2314                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2315                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2316         },
2317 #endif
2318         {
2319                 .name   = "zonesize",
2320                 .lname  = "Zone size",
2321                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2322                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_size),
2323                 .help   = "Amount of data to read per zone",
2324                 .def    = "0",
2325                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2326                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2327                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2328         },
2329         {
2330                 .name   = "zonerange",
2331                 .lname  = "Zone range",
2332                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2333                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_range),
2334                 .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
2335                 .def    = "0",
2336                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2337                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2338                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2339         },
2340         {
2341                 .name   = "zoneskip",
2342                 .lname  = "Zone skip",
2343                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2344                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_skip),
2345                 .help   = "Space between IO zones",
2346                 .def    = "0",
2347                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2348                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2349                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2350         },
2351         {
2352                 .name   = "lockmem",
2353                 .lname  = "Lock memory",
2354                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2355                 .off1   = td_var_offset(lockmem),
2356                 .help   = "Lock down this amount of memory",
2357                 .def    = "0",
2358                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2359                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2360                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2361         },
2362         {
2363                 .name   = "rwmixread",
2364                 .lname  = "Read/write mix read",
2365                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2366                 .cb     = str_rwmix_read_cb,
2367                 .maxval = 100,
2368                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
2369                 .def    = "50",
2370                 .interval = 5,
2371                 .inverse = "rwmixwrite",
2372                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2373                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2374         },
2375         {
2376                 .name   = "rwmixwrite",
2377                 .lname  = "Read/write mix write",
2378                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2379                 .cb     = str_rwmix_write_cb,
2380                 .maxval = 100,
2381                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
2382                 .def    = "50",
2383                 .interval = 5,
2384                 .inverse = "rwmixread",
2385                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2386                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2387         },
2388         {
2389                 .name   = "rwmixcycle",
2390                 .lname  = "Read/write mix cycle",
2391                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
2392                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2393                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2394         },
2395         {
2396                 .name   = "nice",
2397                 .lname  = "Nice",
2398                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2399                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nice),
2400                 .help   = "Set job CPU nice value",
2401                 .minval = -19,
2402                 .maxval = 20,
2403                 .def    = "0",
2404                 .interval = 1,
2405                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2406                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2407         },
2408 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
2409         {
2410                 .name   = "prio",
2411                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority",
2412                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2413                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioprio),
2414                 .help   = "Set job IO priority value",
2415                 .minval = 0,
2416                 .maxval = 7,
2417                 .interval = 1,
2418                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2419                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2420         },
2421         {
2422                 .name   = "prioclass",
2423                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority class",
2424                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2425                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioprio_class),
2426                 .help   = "Set job IO priority class",
2427                 .minval = 0,
2428                 .maxval = 3,
2429                 .interval = 1,
2430                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2431                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2432         },
2433 #endif
2434         {
2435                 .name   = "thinktime",
2436                 .lname  = "Thinktime",
2437                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2438                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime),
2439                 .help   = "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
2440                 .def    = "0",
2441                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2442                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2443         },
2444         {
2445                 .name   = "thinktime_spin",
2446                 .lname  = "Thinktime spin",
2447                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2448                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_spin),
2449                 .help   = "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
2450                 .def    = "0",
2451                 .parent = "thinktime",
2452                 .hide   = 1,
2453                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2454                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2455         },
2456         {
2457                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks",
2458                 .lname  = "Thinktime blocks",
2459                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2460                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_blocks),
2461                 .help   = "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
2462                 .def    = "1",
2463                 .parent = "thinktime",
2464                 .hide   = 1,
2465                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2466                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2467         },
2468         {
2469                 .name   = "rate",
2470                 .lname  = "I/O rate",
2471                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2472                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_READ]),
2473                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_WRITE]),
2474                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_TRIM]),
2475                 .help   = "Set bandwidth rate",
2476                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2477                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2478         },
2479         {
2480                 .name   = "ratemin",
2481                 .lname  = "I/O min rate",
2482                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2483                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_READ]),
2484                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_WRITE]),
2485                 .off3   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_TRIM]),
2486                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
2487                 .parent = "rate",
2488                 .hide   = 1,
2489                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2490                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2491         },
2492         {
2493                 .name   = "rate_iops",
2494                 .lname  = "I/O rate IOPS",
2495                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2496                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_READ]),
2497                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_WRITE]),
2498                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_TRIM]),
2499                 .help   = "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
2500                 .hide   = 1,
2501                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2502                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2503         },
2504         {
2505                 .name   = "rate_iops_min",
2506                 .lname  = "I/O min rate IOPS",
2507                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2508                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_READ]),
2509                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_WRITE]),
2510                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_TRIM]),
2511                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shut down",
2512                 .parent = "rate_iops",
2513                 .hide   = 1,
2514                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2515                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2516         },
2517         {
2518                 .name   = "ratecycle",
2519                 .lname  = "I/O rate cycle",
2520                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2521                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratecycle),
2522                 .help   = "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
2523                 .def    = "1000",
2524                 .parent = "rate",
2525                 .hide   = 1,
2526                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2527                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2528         },
2529         {
2530                 .name   = "max_latency",
2531                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2532                 .off1   = td_var_offset(max_latency),
2533                 .help   = "Maximum tolerated IO latency (usec)",
2534                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2535                 .group = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2536         },
2537         {
2538                 .name   = "invalidate",
2539                 .lname  = "Cache invalidate",
2540                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2541                 .off1   = td_var_offset(invalidate_cache),
2542                 .help   = "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
2543                 .def    = "1",
2544                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2545                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2546         },
2547         {
2548                 .name   = "sync",
2549                 .lname  = "Synchronous I/O",
2550                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2551                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_io),
2552                 .help   = "Use O_SYNC for buffered writes",
2553                 .def    = "0",
2554                 .parent = "buffered",
2555                 .hide   = 1,
2556                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2557                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2558         },
2559         {
2560                 .name   = "create_serialize",
2561                 .lname  = "Create serialize",
2562                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2563                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_serialize),
2564                 .help   = "Serialize creating of job files",
2565                 .def    = "1",
2566                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2567                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2568         },
2569         {
2570                 .name   = "create_fsync",
2571                 .lname  = "Create fsync",
2572                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2573                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_fsync),
2574                 .help   = "fsync file after creation",
2575                 .def    = "1",
2576                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2577                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2578         },
2579         {
2580                 .name   = "create_on_open",
2581                 .lname  = "Create on open",
2582                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2583                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_on_open),
2584                 .help   = "Create files when they are opened for IO",
2585                 .def    = "0",
2586                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2587                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2588         },
2589         {
2590                 .name   = "create_only",
2591                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2592                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_only),
2593                 .help   = "Only perform file creation phase",
2594                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2595                 .def    = "0",
2596         },
2597         {
2598                 .name   = "pre_read",
2599                 .lname  = "Pre-read files",
2600                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2601                 .off1   = td_var_offset(pre_read),
2602                 .help   = "Pre-read files before starting official testing",
2603                 .def    = "0",
2604                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2605                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2606         },
2607 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
2608         {
2609                 .name   = "cpumask",
2610                 .lname  = "CPU mask",
2611                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2612                 .cb     = str_cpumask_cb,
2613                 .help   = "CPU affinity mask",
2614                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2615                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2616         },
2617         {
2618                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
2619                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed",
2620                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2621                 .cb     = str_cpus_allowed_cb,
2622                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed",
2623                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2624                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2625         },
2626 #endif
2627 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
2628         {
2629                 .name   = "numa_cpu_nodes",
2630                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2631                 .cb     = str_numa_cpunodes_cb,
2632                 .help   = "NUMA CPU nodes bind",
2633         },
2634         {
2635                 .name   = "numa_mem_policy",
2636                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2637                 .cb     = str_numa_mpol_cb,
2638                 .help   = "NUMA memory policy setup",
2639         },
2640 #endif
2641         {
2642                 .name   = "end_fsync",
2643                 .lname  = "End fsync",
2644                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2645                 .off1   = td_var_offset(end_fsync),
2646                 .help   = "Include fsync at the end of job",
2647                 .def    = "0",
2648                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2649                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2650         },
2651         {
2652                 .name   = "fsync_on_close",
2653                 .lname  = "Fsync on close",
2654                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2655                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_on_close),
2656                 .help   = "fsync files on close",
2657                 .def    = "0",
2658                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2659                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2660         },
2661         {
2662                 .name   = "unlink",
2663                 .lname  = "Unlink file",
2664                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2665                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unlink),
2666                 .help   = "Unlink created files after job has completed",
2667                 .def    = "0",
2668                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2669                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2670         },
2671         {
2672                 .name   = "exitall",
2673                 .lname  = "Exit-all on terminate",
2674                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2675                 .cb     = str_exitall_cb,
2676                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
2677                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2678                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2679         },
2680         {
2681                 .name   = "stonewall",
2682                 .lname  = "Wait for previous",
2683                 .alias  = "wait_for_previous",
2684                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2685                 .off1   = td_var_offset(stonewall),
2686                 .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
2687                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2688                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2689         },
2690         {
2691                 .name   = "new_group",
2692                 .lname  = "New group",
2693                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2694                 .off1   = td_var_offset(new_group),
2695                 .help   = "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
2696                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2697                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2698         },
2699         {
2700                 .name   = "thread",
2701                 .lname  = "Thread",
2702                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2703                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_thread),
2704                 .help   = "Use threads instead of processes",
2705                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2706                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2707         },
2708         {
2709                 .name   = "write_bw_log",
2710                 .lname  = "Write bandwidth log",
2711                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2712                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_log_file),
2713                 .help   = "Write log of bandwidth during run",
2714                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2715                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2716         },
2717         {
2718                 .name   = "write_lat_log",
2719                 .lname  = "Write latency log",
2720                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2721                 .off1   = td_var_offset(lat_log_file),
2722                 .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
2723                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2724                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2725         },
2726         {
2727                 .name   = "write_iops_log",
2728                 .lname  = "Write IOPS log",
2729                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2730                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_log_file),
2731                 .help   = "Write log of IOPS during run",
2732                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2733                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2734         },
2735         {
2736                 .name   = "log_avg_msec",
2737                 .lname  = "Log averaging (msec)",
2738                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2739                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_avg_msec),
2740                 .help   = "Average bw/iops/lat logs over this period of time",
2741                 .def    = "0",
2742                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2743                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2744         },
2745         {
2746                 .name   = "bwavgtime",
2747                 .lname  = "Bandwidth average time",
2748                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2749                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_avg_time),
2750                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
2751                           " (msec)",
2752                 .def    = "500",
2753                 .parent = "write_bw_log",
2754                 .hide   = 1,
2755                 .interval = 100,
2756                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2757                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2758         },
2759         {
2760                 .name   = "iopsavgtime",
2761                 .lname  = "IOPS average time",
2762                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2763                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_avg_time),
2764                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate IOPS (msec)",
2765                 .def    = "500",
2766                 .parent = "write_iops_log",
2767                 .hide   = 1,
2768                 .interval = 100,
2769                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2770                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2771         },
2772         {
2773                 .name   = "group_reporting",
2774                 .lname  = "Group reporting",
2775                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2776                 .off1   = td_var_offset(group_reporting),
2777                 .help   = "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
2778                 .def    = "1",
2779                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2780                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2781         },
2782         {
2783                 .name   = "zero_buffers",
2784                 .lname  = "Zero I/O buffers",
2785                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2786                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zero_buffers),
2787                 .help   = "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
2788                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2789                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2790         },
2791         {
2792                 .name   = "refill_buffers",
2793                 .lname  = "Refill I/O buffers",
2794                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2795                 .off1   = td_var_offset(refill_buffers),
2796                 .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
2797                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2798                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2799         },
2800         {
2801                 .name   = "scramble_buffers",
2802                 .lname  = "Scramble I/O buffers",
2803                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2804                 .off1   = td_var_offset(scramble_buffers),
2805                 .help   = "Slightly scramble buffers on every IO submit",
2806                 .def    = "1",
2807                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2808                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2809         },
2810         {
2811                 .name   = "buffer_compress_percentage",
2812                 .lname  = "Buffer compression percentage",
2813                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2814                 .off1   = td_var_offset(compress_percentage),
2815                 .maxval = 100,
2816                 .minval = 1,
2817                 .help   = "How compressible the buffer is (approximately)",
2818                 .interval = 5,
2819                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2820                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2821         },
2822         {
2823                 .name   = "buffer_compress_chunk",
2824                 .lname  = "Buffer compression chunk size",
2825                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2826                 .off1   = td_var_offset(compress_chunk),
2827                 .parent = "buffer_compress_percentage",
2828                 .hide   = 1,
2829                 .help   = "Size of compressible region in buffer",
2830                 .interval = 256,
2831                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2832                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2833         },
2834         {
2835                 .name   = "clat_percentiles",
2836                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentiles",
2837                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2838                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clat_percentiles),
2839                 .help   = "Enable the reporting of completion latency percentiles",
2840                 .def    = "1",
2841                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2842                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2843         },
2844         {
2845                 .name   = "percentile_list",
2846                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentile list",
2847                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
2848                 .off1   = td_var_offset(percentile_list),
2849                 .off2   = td_var_offset(percentile_precision),
2850                 .help   = "Specify a custom list of percentiles to report",
2851                 .def    = "1:5:10:20:30:40:50:60:70:80:90:95:99:99.5:99.9:99.95:99.99",
2852                 .maxlen = FIO_IO_U_LIST_MAX_LEN,
2853                 .minfp  = 0.0,
2854                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
2855                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2856                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2857         },
2858
2859 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
2860         {
2861                 .name   = "disk_util",
2862                 .lname  = "Disk utilization",
2863                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2864                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_disk_util),
2865                 .help   = "Log disk utilization statistics",
2866                 .def    = "1",
2867                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2868                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2869         },
2870 #endif
2871         {
2872                 .name   = "gtod_reduce",
2873                 .lname  = "Reduce gettimeofday() calls",
2874                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2875                 .help   = "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
2876                 .cb     = str_gtod_reduce_cb,
2877                 .def    = "0",
2878                 .hide_on_set = 1,
2879                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2880                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2881         },
2882         {
2883                 .name   = "disable_lat",
2884                 .lname  = "Disable all latency stats",
2885                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2886                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_lat),
2887                 .help   = "Disable latency numbers",
2888                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2889                 .hide   = 1,
2890                 .def    = "0",
2891                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2892                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2893         },
2894         {
2895                 .name   = "disable_clat",
2896                 .lname  = "Disable completion latency stats",
2897                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2898                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_clat),
2899                 .help   = "Disable completion latency numbers",
2900                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2901                 .hide   = 1,
2902                 .def    = "0",
2903                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2904                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2905         },
2906         {
2907                 .name   = "disable_slat",
2908                 .lname  = "Disable submission latency stats",
2909                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2910                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_slat),
2911                 .help   = "Disable submission latency numbers",
2912                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2913                 .hide   = 1,
2914                 .def    = "0",
2915                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2916                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2917         },
2918         {
2919                 .name   = "disable_bw_measurement",
2920                 .lname  = "Disable bandwidth stats",
2921                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2922                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_bw),
2923                 .help   = "Disable bandwidth logging",
2924                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2925                 .hide   = 1,
2926                 .def    = "0",
2927                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2928                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2929         },
2930         {
2931                 .name   = "gtod_cpu",
2932                 .lname  = "Dedicated gettimeofday() CPU",
2933                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2934                 .cb     = str_gtod_cpu_cb,
2935                 .help   = "Set up dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
2936                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
2937                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2938                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
2939         },
2940         {
2941                 .name   = "unified_rw_reporting",
2942                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2943                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unified_rw_rep),
2944                 .help   = "Unify reporting across data direction",
2945                 .def    = "0",
2946                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2947                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2948         },
2949         {
2950                 .name   = "continue_on_error",
2951                 .lname  = "Continue on error",
2952                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2953                 .off1   = td_var_offset(continue_on_error),
2954                 .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during IO",
2955                 .def    = "none",
2956                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2957                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
2958                 .posval = {
2959                           { .ival = "none",
2960                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
2961                             .help = "Exit when an error is encountered",
2962                           },
2963                           { .ival = "read",
2964                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ,
2965                             .help = "Continue on read errors only",
2966                           },
2967                           { .ival = "write",
2968                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
2969                             .help = "Continue on write errors only",
2970                           },
2971                           { .ival = "io",
2972                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ | ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
2973                             .help = "Continue on any IO errors",
2974                           },
2975                           { .ival = "verify",
2976                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_VERIFY,
2977                             .help = "Continue on verify errors only",
2978                           },
2979                           { .ival = "all",
2980                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
2981                             .help = "Continue on all io and verify errors",
2982                           },
2983                           { .ival = "0",
2984                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
2985                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
2986                           },
2987                           { .ival = "1",
2988                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
2989                             .help = "Alias for 'all'",
2990                           },
2991                 },
2992         },
2993         {
2994                 .name   = "ignore_error",
2995                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2996                 .cb     = str_ignore_error_cb,
2997                 .help   = "Set a specific list of errors to ignore",
2998                 .parent = "rw",
2999                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3000                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3001         },
3002         {
3003                 .name   = "error_dump",
3004                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3005                 .off1   = td_var_offset(error_dump),
3006                 .def    = "0",
3007                 .help   = "Dump info on each error",
3008                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3009                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3010         },
3011         {
3012                 .name   = "profile",
3013                 .lname  = "Profile",
3014                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3015                 .off1   = td_var_offset(profile),
3016                 .help   = "Select a specific builtin performance test",
3017                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
3018                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3019         },
3020         {
3021                 .name   = "cgroup",
3022                 .lname  = "Cgroup",
3023                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3024                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup),
3025                 .help   = "Add job to cgroup of this name",
3026                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3027                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3028         },
3029         {
3030                 .name   = "cgroup_nodelete",
3031                 .lname  = "Cgroup no-delete",
3032                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3033                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_nodelete),
3034                 .help   = "Do not delete cgroups after job completion",
3035                 .def    = "0",
3036                 .parent = "cgroup",
3037                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3038                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3039         },
3040         {
3041                 .name   = "cgroup_weight",
3042                 .lname  = "Cgroup weight",
3043                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3044                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_weight),
3045                 .help   = "Use given weight for cgroup",
3046                 .minval = 100,
3047                 .maxval = 1000,
3048                 .parent = "cgroup",
3049                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3050                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3051         },
3052         {
3053                 .name   = "uid",
3054                 .lname  = "User ID",
3055                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3056                 .off1   = td_var_offset(uid),
3057                 .help   = "Run job with this user ID",
3058                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3059                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3060         },
3061         {
3062                 .name   = "gid",
3063                 .lname  = "Group ID",
3064                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3065                 .off1   = td_var_offset(gid),
3066                 .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
3067                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3068                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3069         },
3070         {
3071                 .name   = "kb_base",
3072                 .lname  = "KB Base",
3073                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3074                 .off1   = td_var_offset(kb_base),
3075                 .verify = kb_base_verify,
3076                 .prio   = 1,
3077                 .def    = "1024",
3078                 .help   = "How many bytes per KB for reporting (1000 or 1024)",
3079                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3080                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3081         },
3082         {
3083                 .name   = "unit_base",
3084                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3085                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unit_base),
3086                 .prio   = 1,
3087                 .posval = {
3088                           { .ival = "0",
3089                             .oval = 0,
3090                             .help = "Auto-detect",
3091                           },
3092                           { .ival = "8",
3093                             .oval = 8,
3094                             .help = "Normal (byte based)",
3095                           },
3096                           { .ival = "1",
3097                             .oval = 1,
3098                             .help = "Bit based",
3099                           },
3100                 },
3101                 .help   = "Bit multiple of result summary data (8 for byte, 1 for bit)",
3102                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3103                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3104         },
3105         {
3106                 .name   = "hugepage-size",
3107                 .lname  = "Hugepage size",
3108                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3109                 .off1   = td_var_offset(hugepage_size),
3110                 .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
3111                 .def    = __fio_stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
3112                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3113                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3114                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3115         },
3116         {
3117                 .name   = "flow_id",
3118                 .lname  = "I/O flow ID",
3119                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3120                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_id),
3121                 .help   = "The flow index ID to use",
3122                 .def    = "0",
3123                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3124                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3125         },
3126         {
3127                 .name   = "flow",
3128                 .lname  = "I/O flow weight",
3129                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3130                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow),
3131                 .help   = "Weight for flow control of this job",
3132                 .parent = "flow_id",
3133                 .hide   = 1,
3134                 .def    = "0",
3135                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3136                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3137         },
3138         {
3139                 .name   = "flow_watermark",
3140                 .lname  = "I/O flow watermark",
3141                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3142                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_watermark),
3143                 .help   = "High watermark for flow control. This option"
3144                         " should be set to the same value for all threads"
3145                         " with non-zero flow.",
3146                 .parent = "flow_id",
3147                 .hide   = 1,
3148                 .def    = "1024",
3149                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3150                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3151         },
3152         {
3153                 .name   = "flow_sleep",
3154                 .lname  = "I/O flow sleep",
3155                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3156                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_sleep),
3157                 .help   = "How many microseconds to sleep after being held"
3158                         " back by the flow control mechanism",
3159                 .parent = "flow_id",
3160                 .hide   = 1,
3161                 .def    = "0",
3162                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3163                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3164         },
3165         {
3166                 .name = NULL,
3167         },
3168 };
3169
3170 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o,
3171                         const char *name, int val)
3172 {
3173         lopt->name = (char *) name;
3174         lopt->val = val;
3175         if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
3176                 lopt->has_arg = no_argument;
3177         else
3178                 lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
3179 }
3180
3181 static void options_to_lopts(struct fio_option *opts,
3182                               struct option *long_options,
3183                               int i, int option_type)
3184 {
3185         struct fio_option *o = &opts[0];
3186         while (o->name) {
3187                 add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->name, option_type);
3188                 if (o->alias) {
3189                         i++;
3190                         add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->alias, option_type);
3191                 }
3192
3193                 i++;
3194                 o++;
3195                 assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
3196         }
3197 }
3198
3199 void fio_options_set_ioengine_opts(struct option *long_options,
3200                                    struct thread_data *td)
3201 {
3202         unsigned int i;
3203
3204         i = 0;
3205         while (long_options[i].name) {
3206                 if (long_options[i].val == FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE) {
3207                         memset(&long_options[i], 0, sizeof(*long_options));
3208                         break;
3209                 }
3210                 i++;
3211         }
3212
3213         /*
3214          * Just clear out the prior ioengine options.
3215          */
3216         if (!td || !td->eo)
3217                 return;
3218
3219         options_to_lopts(td->io_ops->options, long_options, i,
3220                          FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE);
3221 }
3222
3223 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
3224 {
3225         unsigned int i;
3226
3227         options_init(fio_options);
3228
3229         i = 0;
3230         while (long_options[i].name)
3231                 i++;
3232
3233         options_to_lopts(fio_options, long_options, i, FIO_GETOPT_JOB);
3234 }
3235
3236 struct fio_keyword {
3237         const char *word;
3238         const char *desc;
3239         char *replace;
3240 };
3241
3242 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
3243         {
3244                 .word   = "$pagesize",
3245                 .desc   = "Page size in the system",
3246         },
3247         {
3248                 .word   = "$mb_memory",
3249                 .desc   = "Megabytes of memory online",
3250         },
3251         {
3252                 .word   = "$ncpus",
3253                 .desc   = "Number of CPUs online in the system",
3254         },
3255         {
3256                 .word   = NULL,
3257         },
3258 };
3259
3260 void fio_keywords_init(void)
3261 {
3262         unsigned long long mb_memory;
3263         char buf[128];
3264         long l;
3265
3266         sprintf(buf, "%lu", (unsigned long) page_size);
3267         fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
3268
3269         mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / (1024 * 1024);
3270         sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
3271         fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
3272
3273         l = cpus_online();
3274         sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
3275         fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
3276 }
3277
3278 #define BC_APP          "bc"
3279
3280 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
3281 {
3282         char buf[128], *tmp;
3283         FILE *f;
3284         int ret;
3285
3286         /*
3287          * No math, just return string
3288          */
3289         if ((!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
3290              !strchr(str, '/')) || strchr(str, '\''))
3291                 return str;
3292
3293         /*
3294          * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
3295          */
3296         tmp = strchr(str, '=');
3297         if (!tmp)
3298                 return str;
3299
3300         tmp++;
3301
3302         /*
3303          * Prevent buffer overflows; such a case isn't reasonable anyway
3304          */
3305         if (strlen(str) >= 128 || strlen(tmp) > 100)
3306                 return str;
3307
3308         sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
3309         if (system(buf)) {
3310                 log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
3311                 return NULL;
3312         }
3313
3314         sprintf(buf, "echo '%s' | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
3315         f = popen(buf, "r");
3316         if (!f)
3317                 return NULL;
3318
3319         ret = fread(&buf[tmp - str], 1, 128 - (tmp - str), f);
3320         if (ret <= 0)
3321                 return NULL;
3322
3323         pclose(f);
3324         buf[(tmp - str) + ret - 1] = '\0';
3325         memcpy(buf, str, tmp - str);
3326         free(str);
3327         return strdup(buf);
3328 }
3329
3330 /*
3331  * Return a copy of the input string with substrings of the form ${VARNAME}
3332  * substituted with the value of the environment variable VARNAME.  The
3333  * substitution always occurs, even if VARNAME is empty or the corresponding
3334  * environment variable undefined.
3335  */
3336 static char *option_dup_subs(const char *opt)
3337 {
3338         char out[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
3339         char in[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
3340         char *outptr = out;
3341         char *inptr = in;
3342         char *ch1, *ch2, *env;
3343         ssize_t nchr = OPT_LEN_MAX;
3344         size_t envlen;
3345
3346         if (strlen(opt) + 1 > OPT_LEN_MAX) {
3347                 log_err("OPT_LEN_MAX (%d) is too small\n", OPT_LEN_MAX);
3348                 return NULL;
3349         }
3350
3351         in[OPT_LEN_MAX] = '\0';
3352         strncpy(in, opt, OPT_LEN_MAX);
3353
3354         while (*inptr && nchr > 0) {
3355                 if (inptr[0] == '$' && inptr[1] == '{') {
3356                         ch2 = strchr(inptr, '}');
3357                         if (ch2 && inptr+1 < ch2) {
3358                                 ch1 = inptr+2;
3359                                 inptr = ch2+1;
3360                                 *ch2 = '\0';
3361