options.c

   1 #include <stdio.h>
   2 #include <stdlib.h>
   3 #include <unistd.h>
   4 #include <ctype.h>
   5 #include <string.h>
   6 #include <getopt.h>
   7 #include <assert.h>
   8 #include <libgen.h>
   9 #include <fcntl.h>
  10 #include <sys/types.h>
  11 #include <sys/stat.h>
  12
  13 #include "fio.h"
  14 #include "verify.h"
  15 #include "parse.h"
  16 #include "lib/fls.h"
  17 #include "options.h"
  18
  19 /*
  20  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
  21  */
  22 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
  23 {
  24         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
  25
  26         if (!p)
  27                 return NULL;
  28
  29         p++;
  30         strip_blank_front(&p);
  31         strip_blank_end(p);
  32         return strdup(p);
  33 }
  34
  35 static int converthexchartoint(char a)
  36 {
  37         int base;
  38
  39         switch(a) {
  40         case '0'...'9':
  41                 base = '0';
  42                 break;
  43         case 'A'...'F':
  44                 base = 'A' - 10;
  45                 break;
  46         case 'a'...'f':
  47                 base = 'a' - 10;
  48                 break;
  49         default:
  50                 base = 0;
  51         }
  52         return (a - base);
  53 }
  54
  55 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  56 {
  57         const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
  58         const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
  59
  60         return bsp1->perc < bsp2->perc;
  61 }
  62
  63 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_data *td, int ddir, char *str)
  64 {
  65         struct bssplit *bssplit;
  66         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
  67         unsigned int max_bs, min_bs;
  68         long long val;
  69         char *fname;
  70
  71         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] = 4;
  72         bssplit = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  73
  74         i = 0;
  75         max_bs = 0;
  76         min_bs = -1;
  77         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
  78                 char *perc_str;
  79
  80                 if (!strlen(fname))
  81                         break;
  82
  83                 /*
  84                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
  85                  */
  86                 if (i == td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]) {
  87                         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] <<= 1;
  88                         bssplit = realloc(bssplit, td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]
  89                                                   * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  90                 }
  91
  92                 perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
  93                 if (perc_str) {
  94                         *perc_str = '\0';
  95                         perc_str++;
  96                         perc = atoi(perc_str);
  97                         if (perc > 100)
  98                                 perc = 100;
  99                         else if (!perc)
 100                                 perc = -1;
 101                 } else
 102                         perc = -1;
 103
 104                 if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, td)) {
 105                         log_err("fio: bssplit conversion failed\n");
 106                         free(td->o.bssplit);
 107                         return 1;
 108                 }
 109
 110                 if (val > max_bs)
 111                         max_bs = val;
 112                 if (val < min_bs)
 113                         min_bs = val;
 114
 115                 bssplit[i].bs = val;
 116                 bssplit[i].perc = perc;
 117                 i++;
 118         }
 119
 120         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] = i;
 121
 122         /*
 123          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 124          */
 125         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 126         for (i = 0; i < td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 127                 struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 128
 129                 if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 130                         perc_missing++;
 131                 else
 132                         perc += bsp->perc;
 133         }
 134
 135         if (perc > 100) {
 136                 log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 137                 free(bssplit);
 138                 return 1;
 139         }
 140         /*
 141          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 142          * them.
 143          */
 144         if (perc_missing) {
 145                 for (i = 0; i < td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 146                         struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 147
 148                         if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 149                                 bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 150                 }
 151         }
 152
 153         td->o.min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
 154         td->o.max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
 155
 156         /*
 157          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 158          */
 159         qsort(bssplit, td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
 160         td->o.bssplit[ddir] = bssplit;
 161         return 0;
 162
 163 }
 164
 165 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 166 {
 167         struct thread_data *td = data;
 168         char *str, *p, *odir;
 169         int ret = 0;
 170
 171         p = str = strdup(input);
 172
 173         strip_blank_front(&str);
 174         strip_blank_end(str);
 175
 176         odir = strchr(str, ',');
 177         if (odir) {
 178                 ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1);
 179                 if (!ret) {
 180                         *odir = '\0';
 181                         ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_READ, str);
 182                 }
 183         } else {
 184                 char *op;
 185
 186                 op = strdup(str);
 187
 188                 ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_READ, str);
 189                 if (!ret)
 190                         ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_WRITE, op);
 191
 192                 free(op);
 193         }
 194
 195         free(p);
 196         return ret;
 197 }
 198
 199 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 200 {
 201         struct thread_data *td = data;
 202         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 203
 204         td->o.ddir_nr = 1;
 205         if (nr) {
 206                 td->o.ddir_nr = atoi(nr);
 207                 free(nr);
 208         }
 209
 210         return 0;
 211 }
 212
 213 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 214 {
 215         struct thread_data *td = data;
 216
 217         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAP) {
 218                 td->mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
 219                 if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE && !td->mmapfile) {
 220                         log_err("fio: mmaphuge:/path/to/file\n");
 221                         return 1;
 222                 }
 223         }
 224
 225         return 0;
 226 }
 227
 228 static int fio_clock_source_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 229 {
 230         struct thread_data *td = data;
 231
 232         fio_clock_source = td->o.clocksource;
 233         fio_time_init();
 234         return 0;
 235 }
 236
 237 static int str_lockmem_cb(void fio_unused *data, unsigned long *val)
 238 {
 239         mlock_size = *val;
 240         return 0;
 241 }
 242
 243 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, unsigned int *val)
 244 {
 245         struct thread_data *td = data;
 246
 247         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
 248         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
 249         return 0;
 250 }
 251
 252 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, unsigned int *val)
 253 {
 254         struct thread_data *td = data;
 255
 256         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
 257         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
 258         return 0;
 259 }
 260
 261 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
 262 static int str_prioclass_cb(void *data, unsigned int *val)
 263 {
 264         struct thread_data *td = data;
 265         unsigned short mask;
 266
 267         /*
 268          * mask off old class bits, str_prio_cb() may have set a default class
 269          */
 270         mask = (1 << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT) - 1;
 271         td->ioprio &= mask;
 272
 273         td->ioprio |= *val << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT;
 274         td->ioprio_set = 1;
 275         return 0;
 276 }
 277
 278 static int str_prio_cb(void *data, unsigned int *val)
 279 {
 280         struct thread_data *td = data;
 281
 282         td->ioprio |= *val;
 283
 284         /*
 285          * If no class is set, assume BE
 286          */
 287         if ((td->ioprio >> IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT) == 0)
 288                 td->ioprio |= IOPRIO_CLASS_BE << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT;
 289
 290         td->ioprio_set = 1;
 291         return 0;
 292 }
 293 #endif
 294
 295 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
 296 {
 297         exitall_on_terminate = 1;
 298         return 0;
 299 }
 300
 301 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 302 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned int *val)
 303 {
 304         struct thread_data *td = data;
 305         unsigned int i;
 306         long max_cpu;
 307         int ret;
 308
 309         ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
 310         if (ret < 0) {
 311                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 312                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 313                 return 1;
 314         }
 315
 316         max_cpu = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
 317
 318         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
 319                 if ((1 << i) & *val) {
 320                         if (i > max_cpu) {
 321                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
 322                                                                 max_cpu);
 323                                 return 1;
 324                         }
 325                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
 326                         fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
 327                 }
 328         }
 329
 330         td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 331         return 0;
 332 }
 333
 334 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
 335                             const char *input)
 336 {
 337         char *cpu, *str, *p;
 338         long max_cpu;
 339         int ret = 0;
 340
 341         ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
 342         if (ret < 0) {
 343                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 344                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 345                 return 1;
 346         }
 347
 348         p = str = strdup(input);
 349
 350         strip_blank_front(&str);
 351         strip_blank_end(str);
 352
 353         max_cpu = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
 354
 355         while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
 356                 char *str2, *cpu2;
 357                 int icpu, icpu2;
 358
 359                 if (!strlen(cpu))
 360                         break;
 361
 362                 str2 = cpu;
 363                 icpu2 = -1;
 364                 while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
 365                         if (!strlen(cpu2))
 366                                 break;
 367
 368                         icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
 369                 }
 370
 371                 icpu = atoi(cpu);
 372                 if (icpu2 == -1)
 373                         icpu2 = icpu;
 374                 while (icpu <= icpu2) {
 375                         if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
 376                                 log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
 377                                         " %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
 378                                 ret = 1;
 379                                 break;
 380                         }
 381                         if (icpu > max_cpu) {
 382                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
 383                                                         icpu, max_cpu);
 384                                 ret = 1;
 385                                 break;
 386                         }
 387
 388                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
 389                         fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
 390                         icpu++;
 391                 }
 392                 if (ret)
 393                         break;
 394         }
 395
 396         free(p);
 397         if (!ret)
 398                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 399         return ret;
 400 }
 401
 402 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 403 {
 404         struct thread_data *td = data;
 405         int ret;
 406
 407         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
 408         if (!ret)
 409                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 410
 411         return ret;
 412 }
 413
 414 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 415 {
 416         struct thread_data *td = data;
 417         int ret;
 418
 419         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
 420         if (!ret)
 421                 td->o.verify_cpumask_set = 1;
 422
 423         return ret;
 424 }
 425 #endif
 426
 427 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 428 {
 429         struct thread_data *td = data;
 430         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 431
 432         td->file_service_nr = 1;
 433         if (nr) {
 434                 td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
 435                 free(nr);
 436         }
 437
 438         return 0;
 439 }
 440
 441 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
 442 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 443 {
 444         struct thread_data *td = data;
 445         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 446
 447         td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
 448         if (nr) {
 449                 td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
 450                 free(nr);
 451         }
 452
 453         return 0;
 454 }
 455 #endif
 456
 457 static int check_dir(struct thread_data *td, char *fname)
 458 {
 459         char file[PATH_MAX], *dir;
 460         int elen = 0;
 461
 462         if (td->o.directory) {
 463                 strcpy(file, td->o.directory);
 464                 strcat(file, "/");
 465                 elen = strlen(file);
 466         }
 467
 468         sprintf(file + elen, "%s", fname);
 469         dir = dirname(file);
 470
 471 #if 0
 472         {
 473         struct stat sb;
 474         /*
 475          * We can't do this on FIO_DISKLESSIO engines. The engine isn't loaded
 476          * yet, so we can't do this check right here...
 477          */
 478         if (lstat(dir, &sb) < 0) {
 479                 int ret = errno;
 480
 481                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dir);
 482                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 483                 return 1;
 484         }
 485
 486         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 487                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dir);
 488                 return 1;
 489         }
 490         }
 491 #endif
 492
 493         return 0;
 494 }
 495
 496 /*
 497  * Return next file in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
 498  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
 499  * indicate a new file.
 500  */
 501 static char *get_next_file_name(char **ptr)
 502 {
 503         char *str = *ptr;
 504         char *p, *start;
 505
 506         if (!str || !strlen(str))
 507                 return NULL;
 508
 509         start = str;
 510         do {
 511                 /*
 512                  * No colon, we are done
 513                  */
 514                 p = strchr(str, ':');
 515                 if (!p) {
 516                         *ptr = NULL;
 517                         break;
 518                 }
 519
 520                 /*
 521                  * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
 522                  * continue
 523                  */
 524                 if (p == start) {
 525                         str = ++start;
 526                         continue;
 527                 }
 528
 529                 if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
 530                         *p = '\0';
 531                         *ptr = p + 1;
 532                         break;
 533                 }
 534
 535                 memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
 536                 str = p;
 537         } while (1);
 538
 539         return start;
 540 }
 541
 542 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 543 {
 544         struct thread_data *td = data;
 545         char *fname, *str, *p;
 546
 547         p = str = strdup(input);
 548
 549         strip_blank_front(&str);
 550         strip_blank_end(str);
 551
 552         if (!td->files_index)
 553                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 554
 555         while ((fname = get_next_file_name(&str)) != NULL) {
 556                 if (!strlen(fname))
 557                         break;
 558                 if (check_dir(td, fname)) {
 559                         free(p);
 560                         return 1;
 561                 }
 562                 add_file(td, fname);
 563                 td->o.nr_files++;
 564         }
 565
 566         free(p);
 567         return 0;
 568 }
 569
 570 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 571 {
 572         struct thread_data *td = data;
 573         struct stat sb;
 574
 575         if (lstat(td->o.directory, &sb) < 0) {
 576                 int ret = errno;
 577
 578                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 579                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 580                 return 1;
 581         }
 582         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 583                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 584                 return 1;
 585         }
 586
 587         return 0;
 588 }
 589
 590 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 591 {
 592         struct thread_data *td = data;
 593
 594         if (!td->files_index)
 595                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 596
 597         return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
 598 }
 599
 600 static int str_verify_offset_cb(void *data, unsigned int *off)
 601 {
 602         struct thread_data *td = data;
 603
 604         if (*off && *off < sizeof(struct verify_header)) {
 605                 log_err("fio: verify_offset too small\n");
 606                 return 1;
 607         }
 608
 609         td->o.verify_offset = *off;
 610         return 0;
 611 }
 612
 613 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 614 {
 615         struct thread_data *td = data;
 616         long off;
 617         int i = 0, j = 0, len, k, base = 10;
 618         char* loc1, * loc2;
 619
 620         loc1 = strstr(input, "0x");
 621         loc2 = strstr(input, "0X");
 622         if (loc1 || loc2)
 623                 base = 16;
 624         off = strtol(input, NULL, base);
 625         if (off != LONG_MAX || errno != ERANGE) {
 626                 while (off) {
 627                         td->o.verify_pattern[i] = off & 0xff;
 628                         off >>= 8;
 629                         i++;
 630                 }
 631         } else {
 632                 len = strlen(input);
 633                 k = len - 1;
 634                 if (base == 16) {
 635                         if (loc1)
 636                                 j = loc1 - input + 2;
 637                         else
 638                                 j = loc2 - input + 2;
 639                 } else
 640                         return 1;
 641                 if (len - j < MAX_PATTERN_SIZE * 2) {
 642                         while (k >= j) {
 643                                 off = converthexchartoint(input[k--]);
 644                                 if (k >= j)
 645                                         off += (converthexchartoint(input[k--])
 646                                                 * 16);
 647                                 td->o.verify_pattern[i++] = (char) off;
 648                         }
 649                 }
 650         }
 651         td->o.verify_pattern_bytes = i;
 652         return 0;
 653 }
 654
 655 static int str_lockfile_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 656 {
 657         struct thread_data *td = data;
 658         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 659
 660         td->o.lockfile_batch = 1;
 661         if (nr) {
 662                 td->o.lockfile_batch = atoi(nr);
 663                 free(nr);
 664         }
 665
 666         return 0;
 667 }
 668
 669 static int str_write_bw_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 670 {
 671         struct thread_data *td = data;
 672
 673         if (str)
 674                 td->o.bw_log_file = strdup(str);
 675
 676         td->o.write_bw_log = 1;
 677         return 0;
 678 }
 679
 680 static int str_write_lat_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 681 {
 682         struct thread_data *td = data;
 683
 684         if (str)
 685                 td->o.lat_log_file = strdup(str);
 686
 687         td->o.write_lat_log = 1;
 688         return 0;
 689 }
 690
 691 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
 692 {
 693         struct thread_data *td = data;
 694         int val = *il;
 695
 696         td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
 697         td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
 698         td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
 699         if (val)
 700                 td->tv_cache_mask = 63;
 701
 702         return 0;
 703 }
 704
 705 static int str_gtod_cpu_cb(void *data, int *il)
 706 {
 707         struct thread_data *td = data;
 708         int val = *il;
 709
 710         td->o.gtod_cpu = val;
 711         td->o.gtod_offload = 1;
 712         return 0;
 713 }
 714
 715 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 716 {
 717         struct thread_data *td = data;
 718
 719         if (read_only && td_write(td)) {
 720                 log_err("fio: job <%s> has write bit set, but fio is in"
 721                         " read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
 722                 return 1;
 723         }
 724
 725         return 0;
 726 }
 727
 728 static int gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 729 {
 730 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 731         struct thread_data *td = data;
 732
 733         if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
 734                 log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
 735                         "gettimeofday() offloading\n");
 736                 return 1;
 737         }
 738 #endif
 739
 740         return 0;
 741 }
 742
 743 static int kb_base_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
 744 {
 745         struct thread_data *td = data;
 746
 747         if (td->o.kb_base != 1024 && td->o.kb_base != 1000) {
 748                 log_err("fio: kb_base set to nonsensical value: %u\n",
 749                                 td->o.kb_base);
 750                 return 1;
 751         }
 752
 753         return 0;
 754 }
 755
 756 #define __stringify_1(x)        #x
 757 #define __stringify(x)          __stringify_1(x)
 758
 759 /*
 760  * Map of job/command line options
 761  */
 762 static struct fio_option options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
 763         {
 764                 .name   = "description",
 765                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 766                 .off1   = td_var_offset(description),
 767                 .help   = "Text job description",
 768         },
 769         {
 770                 .name   = "name",
 771                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 772                 .off1   = td_var_offset(name),
 773                 .help   = "Name of this job",
 774         },
 775         {
 776                 .name   = "directory",
 777                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 778                 .off1   = td_var_offset(directory),
 779                 .cb     = str_directory_cb,
 780                 .help   = "Directory to store files in",
 781         },
 782         {
 783                 .name   = "filename",
 784                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 785                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename),
 786                 .cb     = str_filename_cb,
 787                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
 788                 .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
 789         },
 790         {
 791                 .name   = "kb_base",
 792                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 793                 .off1   = td_var_offset(kb_base),
 794                 .verify = kb_base_verify,
 795                 .prio   = 1,
 796                 .def    = "1024",
 797                 .help   = "How many bytes per KB for reporting (1000 or 1024)",
 798         },
 799         {
 800                 .name   = "lockfile",
 801                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
 802                 .cb     = str_lockfile_cb,
 803                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_lock_mode),
 804                 .help   = "Lock file when doing IO to it",
 805                 .parent = "filename",
 806                 .def    = "none",
 807                 .posval = {
 808                           { .ival = "none",
 809                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
 810                             .help = "No file locking",
 811                           },
 812                           { .ival = "exclusive",
 813                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
 814                             .help = "Exclusive file lock",
 815                           },
 816                           {
 817                             .ival = "readwrite",
 818                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
 819                             .help = "Read vs write lock",
 820                           },
 821                 },
 822         },
 823         {
 824                 .name   = "opendir",
 825                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 826                 .off1   = td_var_offset(opendir),
 827                 .cb     = str_opendir_cb,
 828                 .help   = "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
 829         },
 830         {
 831                 .name   = "rw",
 832                 .alias  = "readwrite",
 833                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
 834                 .cb     = str_rw_cb,
 835                 .off1   = td_var_offset(td_ddir),
 836                 .help   = "IO direction",
 837                 .def    = "read",
 838                 .verify = rw_verify,
 839                 .posval = {
 840                           { .ival = "read",
 841                             .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
 842                             .help = "Sequential read",
 843                           },
 844                           { .ival = "write",
 845                             .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
 846                             .help = "Sequential write",
 847                           },
 848                           { .ival = "randread",
 849                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
 850                             .help = "Random read",
 851                           },
 852                           { .ival = "randwrite",
 853                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
 854                             .help = "Random write",
 855                           },
 856                           { .ival = "rw",
 857                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
 858                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
 859                           },
 860                           { .ival = "randrw",
 861                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
 862                             .help = "Random read and write mix"
 863                           },
 864                 },
 865         },
 866         {
 867                 .name   = "ioengine",
 868                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
 869                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioengine),
 870                 .help   = "IO engine to use",
 871                 .def    = "sync",
 872                 .posval = {
 873                           { .ival = "sync",
 874                             .help = "Use read/write",
 875                           },
 876                           { .ival = "psync",
 877                             .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
 878                           },
 879                           { .ival = "vsync",
 880                              .help = "Use readv/writev",
 881                           },
 882 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_LIBAIO
 883                           { .ival = "libaio",
 884                             .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
 885                           },
 886 #endif
 887 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_POSIXAIO
 888                           { .ival = "posixaio",
 889                             .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
 890                           },
 891 #endif
 892 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SOLARISAIO
 893                           { .ival = "solarisaio",
 894                             .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
 895                           },
 896 #endif
 897                           { .ival = "mmap",
 898                             .help = "Memory mapped IO",
 899                           },
 900 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SPLICE
 901                           { .ival = "splice",
 902                             .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
 903                           },
 904                           { .ival = "netsplice",
 905                             .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
 906                           },
 907 #endif
 908 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
 909                           { .ival = "sg",
 910                             .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
 911                           },
 912 #endif
 913                           { .ival = "null",
 914                             .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
 915                           },
 916                           { .ival = "net",
 917                             .help = "Network IO",
 918                           },
 919 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYSLET
 920                           { .ival = "syslet-rw",
 921                             .help = "syslet enabled async pread/pwrite IO",
 922                           },
 923 #endif
 924                           { .ival = "cpuio",
 925                             .help = "CPU cycler burner engine",
 926                           },
 927 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_GUASI
 928                           { .ival = "guasi",
 929                             .help = "GUASI IO engine",
 930                           },
 931 #endif
 932                           { .ival = "external",
 933                             .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
 934                           },
 935                 },
 936         },
 937         {
 938                 .name   = "iodepth",
 939                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 940                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth),
 941                 .help   = "Amount of IO buffers to keep in flight",
 942                 .minval = 1,
 943                 .def    = "1",
 944         },
 945         {
 946                 .name   = "iodepth_batch",
 947                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_submit",
 948                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 949                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch),
 950                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
 951                 .parent = "iodepth",
 952                 .minval = 1,
 953                 .def    = "1",
 954         },
 955         {
 956                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete",
 957                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 958                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch_complete),
 959                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
 960                 .parent = "iodepth",
 961                 .minval = 0,
 962                 .def    = "1",
 963         },
 964         {
 965                 .name   = "iodepth_low",
 966                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
 967                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_low),
 968                 .help   = "Low water mark for queuing depth",
 969                 .parent = "iodepth",
 970         },
 971         {
 972                 .name   = "size",
 973                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
 974                 .off1   = td_var_offset(size),
 975                 .minval = 1,
 976                 .help   = "Total size of device or files",
 977         },
 978         {
 979                 .name   = "fill_device",
 980                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
 981                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fill_device),
 982                 .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
 983                 .def    = "0",
 984         },
 985         {
 986                 .name   = "filesize",
 987                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
 988                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_size_low),
 989                 .off2   = td_var_offset(file_size_high),
 990                 .minval = 1,
 991                 .help   = "Size of individual files",
 992         },
 993         {
 994                 .name   = "offset",
 995                 .alias  = "fileoffset",
 996                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
 997                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_offset),
 998                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset",
 999                 .def    = "0",
1000         },
1001         {
1002                 .name   = "bs",
1003                 .alias  = "blocksize",
1004                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1005                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_READ]),
1006                 .off2   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1007                 .minval = 1,
1008                 .help   = "Block size unit",
1009                 .def    = "4k",
1010                 .parent = "rw",
1011         },
1012         {
1013                 .name   = "ba",
1014                 .alias  = "blockalign",
1015                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1016                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_READ]),
1017                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
1018                 .minval = 1,
1019                 .help   = "IO block offset alignment",
1020                 .parent = "rw",
1021         },
1022         {
1023                 .name   = "bsrange",
1024                 .alias  = "blocksize_range",
1025                 .type   = FIO_OPT_RANGE,
1026                 .off1   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1027                 .off2   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1028                 .off3   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1029                 .off4   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1030                 .minval = 1,
1031                 .help   = "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
1032                 .parent = "rw",
1033         },
1034         {
1035                 .name   = "bssplit",
1036                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1037                 .cb     = str_bssplit_cb,
1038                 .help   = "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
1039                 .parent = "rw",
1040         },
1041         {
1042                 .name   = "bs_unaligned",
1043                 .alias  = "blocksize_unaligned",
1044                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1045                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_unaligned),
1046                 .help   = "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
1047                 .parent = "rw",
1048         },
1049         {
1050                 .name   = "randrepeat",
1051                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1052                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rand_repeatable),
1053                 .help   = "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
1054                 .def    = "1",
1055                 .parent = "rw",
1056         },
1057         {
1058                 .name   = "norandommap",
1059                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1060                 .off1   = td_var_offset(norandommap),
1061                 .help   = "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
1062                 .parent = "rw",
1063         },
1064         {
1065                 .name   = "softrandommap",
1066                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1067                 .off1   = td_var_offset(softrandommap),
1068                 .help   = "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
1069                 .parent = "norandommap",
1070                 .def    = "0",
1071         },
1072         {
1073                 .name   = "nrfiles",
1074                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1075                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nr_files),
1076                 .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
1077                 .def    = "1",
1078         },
1079         {
1080                 .name   = "openfiles",
1081                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1082                 .off1   = td_var_offset(open_files),
1083                 .help   = "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
1084         },
1085         {
1086                 .name   = "file_service_type",
1087                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1088                 .cb     = str_fst_cb,
1089                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_service_type),
1090                 .help   = "How to select which file to service next",
1091                 .def    = "roundrobin",
1092                 .posval = {
1093                           { .ival = "random",
1094                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
1095                             .help = "Choose a file at random",
1096                           },
1097                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
1098                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
1099                             .help = "Round robin select files",
1100                           },
1101                           { .ival = "sequential",
1102                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
1103                             .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
1104                           },
1105                 },
1106                 .parent = "nrfiles",
1107         },
1108 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_FALLOCATE
1109         {
1110                 .name   = "fallocate",
1111                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1112                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fallocate),
1113                 .help   = "Use fallocate() when laying out files",
1114                 .def    = "1",
1115         },
1116 #endif
1117         {
1118                 .name   = "fadvise_hint",
1119                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1120                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fadvise_hint),
1121                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
1122                 .def    = "1",
1123         },
1124         {
1125                 .name   = "fsync",
1126                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1127                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_blocks),
1128                 .help   = "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
1129                 .def    = "0",
1130         },
1131         {
1132                 .name   = "fdatasync",
1133                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1134                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fdatasync_blocks),
1135                 .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
1136                 .def    = "0",
1137         },
1138 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
1139         {
1140                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
1141                 .posval = {
1142                           { .ival = "wait_before",
1143                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
1144                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
1145                             .or   = 1,
1146                           },
1147                           { .ival = "write",
1148                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
1149                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
1150                             .or   = 1,
1151                           },
1152                           {
1153                             .ival = "wait_after",
1154                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
1155                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
1156                             .or   = 1,
1157                           },
1158                 },
1159                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_MULTI,
1160                 .cb     = str_sfr_cb,
1161                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_file_range),
1162                 .help   = "Use sync_file_range()",
1163         },
1164 #endif
1165         {
1166                 .name   = "direct",
1167                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1168                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1169                 .help   = "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
1170                 .def    = "0",
1171         },
1172         {
1173                 .name   = "buffered",
1174                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1175                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1176                 .neg    = 1,
1177                 .help   = "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
1178                 .def    = "1",
1179         },
1180         {
1181                 .name   = "overwrite",
1182                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1183                 .off1   = td_var_offset(overwrite),
1184                 .help   = "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
1185                 .def    = "0",
1186         },
1187         {
1188                 .name   = "loops",
1189                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1190                 .off1   = td_var_offset(loops),
1191                 .help   = "Number of times to run the job",
1192                 .def    = "1",
1193         },
1194         {
1195                 .name   = "numjobs",
1196                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1197                 .off1   = td_var_offset(numjobs),
1198                 .help   = "Duplicate this job this many times",
1199                 .def    = "1",
1200         },
1201         {
1202                 .name   = "startdelay",
1203                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1204                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_delay),
1205                 .help   = "Only start job when this period has passed",
1206                 .def    = "0",
1207         },
1208         {
1209                 .name   = "runtime",
1210                 .alias  = "timeout",
1211                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1212                 .off1   = td_var_offset(timeout),
1213                 .help   = "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
1214                 .def    = "0",
1215         },
1216         {
1217                 .name   = "time_based",
1218                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1219                 .off1   = td_var_offset(time_based),
1220                 .help   = "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
1221         },
1222         {
1223                 .name   = "ramp_time",
1224                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1225                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ramp_time),
1226                 .help   = "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
1227         },
1228         {
1229                 .name   = "clocksource",
1230                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1231                 .cb     = fio_clock_source_cb,
1232                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clocksource),
1233                 .help   = "What type of timing source to use",
1234                 .def    = "gettimeofday",
1235                 .posval = {
1236                           { .ival = "gettimeofday",
1237                             .oval = CS_GTOD,
1238                             .help = "Use gettimeofday(2) for timing",
1239                           },
1240                           { .ival = "clock_gettime",
1241                             .oval = CS_CGETTIME,
1242                             .help = "Use clock_gettime(2) for timing",
1243                           },
1244 #ifdef ARCH_HAVE_CPU_CLOCK
1245                           { .ival = "cpu",
1246                             .oval = CS_CPUCLOCK,
1247                             .help = "Use CPU private clock",
1248                           },
1249 #endif
1250                 },
1251         },
1252         {
1253                 .name   = "mem",
1254                 .alias  = "iomem",
1255                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1256                 .cb     = str_mem_cb,
1257                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_type),
1258                 .help   = "Backing type for IO buffers",
1259                 .def    = "malloc",
1260                 .posval = {
1261                           { .ival = "malloc",
1262                             .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
1263                             .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
1264                           },
1265                           { .ival = "shm",
1266                             .oval = MEM_SHM,
1267                             .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
1268                           },
1269 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
1270                           { .ival = "shmhuge",
1271                             .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
1272                             .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
1273                           },
1274 #endif
1275                           { .ival = "mmap",
1276                             .oval = MEM_MMAP,
1277                             .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
1278                           },
1279 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
1280                           { .ival = "mmaphuge",
1281                             .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
1282                             .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
1283                           },
1284 #endif
1285                   },
1286         },
1287         {
1288                 .name   = "iomem_align",
1289                 .alias  = "mem_align",
1290                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1291                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_align),
1292                 .minval = 0,
1293                 .help   = "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
1294                 .def    = "0",
1295                 .parent = "iomem",
1296         },
1297         {
1298                 .name   = "verify",
1299                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1300                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify),
1301                 .help   = "Verify data written",
1302                 .def    = "0",
1303                 .posval = {
1304                           { .ival = "0",
1305                             .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
1306                             .help = "Don't do IO verification",
1307                           },
1308                           { .ival = "md5",
1309                             .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
1310                             .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
1311                           },
1312                           { .ival = "crc64",
1313                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
1314                             .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
1315                           },
1316                           { .ival = "crc32",
1317                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
1318                             .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
1319                           },
1320                           { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
1321                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C_INTEL,
1322                             .help = "Use hw crc32c checksums for verification",
1323                           },
1324                           { .ival = "crc32c",
1325                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
1326                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification",
1327                           },
1328                           { .ival = "crc16",
1329                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
1330                             .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
1331                           },
1332                           { .ival = "crc7",
1333                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
1334                             .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
1335                           },
1336                           { .ival = "sha1",
1337                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
1338                             .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
1339                           },
1340                           { .ival = "sha256",
1341                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
1342                             .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
1343                           },
1344                           { .ival = "sha512",
1345                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
1346                             .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
1347                           },
1348                           { .ival = "meta",
1349                             .oval = VERIFY_META,
1350                             .help = "Use io information",
1351                           },
1352                           {
1353                             .ival = "null",
1354                             .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
1355                             .help = "Pretend to verify",
1356                           },
1357                 },
1358         },
1359         {
1360                 .name   = "do_verify",
1361                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1362                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_verify),
1363                 .help   = "Run verification stage after write",
1364                 .def    = "1",
1365                 .parent = "verify",
1366         },
1367         {
1368                 .name   = "verifysort",
1369                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1370                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort),
1371                 .help   = "Sort written verify blocks for read back",
1372                 .def    = "1",
1373                 .parent = "verify",
1374         },
1375         {
1376                 .name   = "verify_interval",
1377                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1378                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_interval),
1379                 .minval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
1380                 .help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
1381                 .parent = "verify",
1382         },
1383         {
1384                 .name   = "verify_offset",
1385                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1386                 .help   = "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
1387                 .def    = "0",
1388                 .cb     = str_verify_offset_cb,
1389                 .parent = "verify",
1390         },
1391         {
1392                 .name   = "verify_pattern",
1393                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1394                 .cb     = str_verify_pattern_cb,
1395                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
1396                 .parent = "verify",
1397         },
1398         {
1399                 .name   = "verify_fatal",
1400                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1401                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_fatal),
1402                 .def    = "0",
1403                 .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
1404                 .parent = "verify",
1405         },
1406         {
1407                 .name   = "verify_async",
1408                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1409                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_async),
1410                 .def    = "0",
1411                 .help   = "Number of async verifier threads to use",
1412                 .parent = "verify",
1413         },
1414 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1415         {
1416                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
1417                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1418                 .cb     = str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
1419                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
1420                 .parent = "verify_async",
1421         },
1422 #endif
1423         {
1424                 .name   = "write_iolog",
1425                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1426                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_iolog_file),
1427                 .help   = "Store IO pattern to file",
1428         },
1429         {
1430                 .name   = "read_iolog",
1431                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1432                 .off1   = td_var_offset(read_iolog_file),
1433                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern from file",
1434         },
1435         {
1436                 .name   = "exec_prerun",
1437                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1438                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_prerun),
1439                 .help   = "Execute this file prior to running job",
1440         },
1441         {
1442                 .name   = "exec_postrun",
1443                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1444                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_postrun),
1445                 .help   = "Execute this file after running job",
1446         },
1447 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
1448         {
1449                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
1450                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1451                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioscheduler),
1452                 .help   = "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
1453         },
1454 #endif
1455         {
1456                 .name   = "zonesize",
1457                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1458                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_size),
1459                 .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
1460                 .def    = "0",
1461         },
1462         {
1463                 .name   = "zoneskip",
1464                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1465                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_skip),
1466                 .help   = "Space between IO zones",
1467                 .def    = "0",
1468         },
1469         {
1470                 .name   = "lockmem",
1471                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1472                 .cb     = str_lockmem_cb,
1473                 .help   = "Lock down this amount of memory",
1474                 .def    = "0",
1475         },
1476         {
1477                 .name   = "rwmixread",
1478                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1479                 .cb     = str_rwmix_read_cb,
1480                 .maxval = 100,
1481                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
1482                 .def    = "50",
1483         },
1484         {
1485                 .name   = "rwmixwrite",
1486                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1487                 .cb     = str_rwmix_write_cb,
1488                 .maxval = 100,
1489                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
1490                 .def    = "50",
1491         },
1492         {
1493                 .name   = "rwmixcycle",
1494                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
1495         },
1496         {
1497                 .name   = "nice",
1498                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1499                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nice),
1500                 .help   = "Set job CPU nice value",
1501                 .minval = -19,
1502                 .maxval = 20,
1503                 .def    = "0",
1504         },
1505 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
1506         {
1507                 .name   = "prio",
1508                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1509                 .cb     = str_prio_cb,
1510                 .help   = "Set job IO priority value",
1511                 .minval = 0,
1512                 .maxval = 7,
1513         },
1514         {
1515                 .name   = "prioclass",
1516                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1517                 .cb     = str_prioclass_cb,
1518                 .help   = "Set job IO priority class",
1519                 .minval = 0,
1520                 .maxval = 3,
1521         },
1522 #endif
1523         {
1524                 .name   = "thinktime",
1525                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1526                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime),
1527                 .help   = "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
1528                 .def    = "0",
1529         },
1530         {
1531                 .name   = "thinktime_spin",
1532                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1533                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_spin),
1534                 .help   = "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
1535                 .def    = "0",
1536                 .parent = "thinktime",
1537         },
1538         {
1539                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks",
1540                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1541                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_blocks),
1542                 .help   = "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
1543                 .def    = "1",
1544                 .parent = "thinktime",
1545         },
1546         {
1547                 .name   = "rate",
1548                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1549                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate[0]),
1550                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate[1]),
1551                 .help   = "Set bandwidth rate",
1552         },
1553         {
1554                 .name   = "ratemin",
1555                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1556                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratemin[0]),
1557                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ratemin[1]),
1558                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
1559                 .parent = "rate",
1560         },
1561         {
1562                 .name   = "rate_iops",
1563                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1564                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[0]),
1565                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[1]),
1566                 .help   = "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
1567         },
1568         {
1569                 .name   = "rate_iops_min",
1570                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1571                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[0]),
1572                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[1]),
1573                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
1574                 .parent = "rate_iops",
1575         },
1576         {
1577                 .name   = "ratecycle",
1578                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1579                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratecycle),
1580                 .help   = "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
1581                 .def    = "1000",
1582                 .parent = "rate",
1583         },
1584         {
1585                 .name   = "invalidate",
1586                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1587                 .off1   = td_var_offset(invalidate_cache),
1588                 .help   = "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
1589                 .def    = "1",
1590         },
1591         {
1592                 .name   = "sync",
1593                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1594                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_io),
1595                 .help   = "Use O_SYNC for buffered writes",
1596                 .def    = "0",
1597                 .parent = "buffered",
1598         },
1599         {
1600                 .name   = "bwavgtime",
1601                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1602                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_avg_time),
1603                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
1604                           " (msec)",
1605                 .def    = "500",
1606         },
1607         {
1608                 .name   = "create_serialize",
1609                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1610                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_serialize),
1611                 .help   = "Serialize creating of job files",
1612                 .def    = "1",
1613         },
1614         {
1615                 .name   = "create_fsync",
1616                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1617                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_fsync),
1618                 .help   = "Fsync file after creation",
1619                 .def    = "1",
1620         },
1621         {
1622                 .name   = "create_on_open",
1623                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1624                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_on_open),
1625                 .help   = "Create files when they are opened for IO",
1626                 .def    = "0",
1627         },
1628         {
1629                 .name   = "pre_read",
1630                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1631                 .off1   = td_var_offset(pre_read),
1632                 .help   = "Preread files before starting official testing",
1633                 .def    = "0",
1634         },
1635         {
1636                 .name   = "cpuload",
1637                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1638                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cpuload),
1639                 .help   = "Use this percentage of CPU",
1640         },
1641         {
1642                 .name   = "cpuchunks",
1643                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1644                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cpucycle),
1645                 .help   = "Length of the CPU burn cycles (usecs)",
1646                 .def    = "50000",
1647                 .parent = "cpuload",
1648         },
1649 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1650         {
1651                 .name   = "cpumask",
1652                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1653                 .cb     = str_cpumask_cb,
1654                 .help   = "CPU affinity mask",
1655         },
1656         {
1657                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
1658                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1659                 .cb     = str_cpus_allowed_cb,
1660                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed",
1661         },
1662 #endif
1663         {
1664                 .name   = "end_fsync",
1665                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1666                 .off1   = td_var_offset(end_fsync),
1667                 .help   = "Include fsync at the end of job",
1668                 .def    = "0",
1669         },
1670         {
1671                 .name   = "fsync_on_close",
1672                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1673                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_on_close),
1674                 .help   = "fsync files on close",
1675                 .def    = "0",
1676         },
1677         {
1678                 .name   = "unlink",
1679                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1680                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unlink),
1681                 .help   = "Unlink created files after job has completed",
1682                 .def    = "0",
1683         },
1684         {
1685                 .name   = "exitall",
1686                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1687                 .cb     = str_exitall_cb,
1688                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
1689         },
1690         {
1691                 .name   = "stonewall",
1692                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1693                 .off1   = td_var_offset(stonewall),
1694                 .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
1695         },
1696         {
1697                 .name   = "new_group",
1698                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1699                 .off1   = td_var_offset(new_group),
1700                 .help   = "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
1701         },
1702         {
1703                 .name   = "thread",
1704                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1705                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_thread),
1706                 .help   = "Use threads instead of forks",
1707         },
1708         {
1709                 .name   = "write_bw_log",
1710                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1711                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_bw_log),
1712                 .cb     = str_write_bw_log_cb,
1713                 .help   = "Write log of bandwidth during run",
1714         },
1715         {
1716                 .name   = "write_lat_log",
1717                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1718                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_lat_log),
1719                 .cb     = str_write_lat_log_cb,
1720                 .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
1721         },
1722         {
1723                 .name   = "hugepage-size",
1724                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1725                 .off1   = td_var_offset(hugepage_size),
1726                 .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
1727                 .def    = __stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
1728         },
1729         {
1730                 .name   = "group_reporting",
1731                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1732                 .off1   = td_var_offset(group_reporting),
1733                 .help   = "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
1734         },
1735         {
1736                 .name   = "zero_buffers",
1737                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1738                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zero_buffers),
1739                 .help   = "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
1740         },
1741         {
1742                 .name   = "refill_buffers",
1743                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1744                 .off1   = td_var_offset(refill_buffers),
1745                 .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
1746         },
1747 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
1748         {
1749                 .name   = "disk_util",
1750                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1751                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_disk_util),
1752                 .help   = "Log disk utilization statistics",
1753                 .def    = "1",
1754         },
1755 #endif
1756         {
1757                 .name   = "gtod_reduce",
1758                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1759                 .help   = "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
1760                 .cb     = str_gtod_reduce_cb,
1761                 .def    = "0",
1762         },
1763         {
1764                 .name   = "disable_clat",
1765                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1766                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_clat),
1767                 .help   = "Disable completion latency numbers",
1768                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
1769                 .def    = "0",
1770         },
1771         {
1772                 .name   = "disable_slat",
1773                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1774                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_slat),
1775                 .help   = "Disable submissionn latency numbers",
1776                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
1777                 .def    = "0",
1778         },
1779         {
1780                 .name   = "disable_bw_measurement",
1781                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1782                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_bw),
1783                 .help   = "Disable bandwidth logging",
1784                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
1785                 .def    = "0",
1786         },
1787         {
1788                 .name   = "gtod_cpu",
1789                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1790                 .cb     = str_gtod_cpu_cb,
1791                 .help   = "Setup dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
1792                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
1793         },
1794         {
1795                 .name   = "continue_on_error",
1796                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1797                 .off1   = td_var_offset(continue_on_error),
1798                 .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during I/O",
1799                 .def    = "0",
1800         },
1801         {
1802                 .name   = "profile",
1803                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1804                 .off1   = td_var_offset(profile),
1805                 .help   = "Select a specific builtin performance test",
1806         },
1807         {
1808                 .name   = "cgroup",
1809                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1810                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup),
1811                 .help   = "Add job to cgroup of this name",
1812         },
1813         {
1814                 .name   = "cgroup_weight",
1815                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1816                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_weight),
1817                 .help   = "Use given weight for cgroup",
1818                 .minval = 100,
1819                 .maxval = 1000,
1820         },
1821         {
1822                 .name   = "uid",
1823                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1824                 .off1   = td_var_offset(uid),
1825                 .help   = "Run job with this user ID",
1826         },
1827         {
1828                 .name   = "gid",
1829                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1830                 .off1   = td_var_offset(gid),
1831                 .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
1832         },
1833         {
1834                 .name = NULL,
1835         },
1836 };
1837
1838 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o)
1839 {
1840         lopt->name = (char *) o->name;
1841         lopt->val = FIO_GETOPT_JOB;
1842         if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
1843                 lopt->has_arg = no_argument;
1844         else
1845                 lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
1846 }
1847
1848 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
1849 {
1850         struct fio_option *o;
1851         unsigned int i;
1852
1853         options_init(options);
1854
1855         i = 0;
1856         while (long_options[i].name)
1857                 i++;
1858
1859         o = &options[0];
1860         while (o->name) {
1861                 add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o);
1862
1863                 i++;
1864                 o++;
1865                 assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
1866         }
1867 }
1868
1869 struct fio_keyword {
1870         const char *word;
1871         const char *desc;
1872         char *replace;
1873 };
1874
1875 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
1876         {
1877                 .word   = "$pagesize",
1878                 .desc   = "Page size in the system",
1879         },
1880         {
1881                 .word   = "$mb_memory",
1882                 .desc   = "Megabytes of memory online",
1883         },
1884         {
1885                 .word   = "$ncpus",
1886                 .desc   = "Number of CPUs online in the system",
1887         },
1888         {
1889                 .word   = NULL,
1890         },
1891 };
1892
1893 void fio_keywords_init(void)
1894 {
1895         unsigned long long mb_memory;
1896         char buf[128];
1897         long l;
1898
1899         sprintf(buf, "%lu", page_size);
1900         fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
1901
1902         mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / page_size;
1903         sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
1904         fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
1905
1906         l = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
1907         sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
1908         fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
1909 }
1910
1911 #define BC_APP          "bc"
1912
1913 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
1914 {
1915         char *buf, *tmp, opt[80];
1916         FILE *f;
1917         int ret;
1918
1919         /*
1920          * No math, just return string
1921          */
1922         if (!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
1923             !strchr(str, '/'))
1924                 return str;
1925
1926         /*
1927          * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
1928          */
1929         tmp = strchr(str, '=');
1930         if (!tmp)
1931                 return str;
1932
1933         tmp++;
1934         memset(opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
1935         strncpy(opt, str, tmp - str);
1936
1937         buf = malloc(128);
1938
1939         sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
1940         if (system(buf)) {
1941                 log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
1942                 free(buf);
1943                 return NULL;
1944         }
1945
1946         sprintf(buf, "echo %s | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
1947         f = popen(buf, "r");
1948         if (!f) {
1949                 free(buf);
1950                 return NULL;
1951         }
1952
1953         ret = fread(buf, 1, 128, f);
1954         if (ret <= 0) {
1955                 free(buf);
1956                 return NULL;
1957         }
1958
1959         buf[ret - 1] = '\0';
1960         strcat(opt, buf);
1961         strcpy(buf, opt);
1962         pclose(f);
1963         free(str);
1964         return buf;
1965 }
1966
1967 /*
1968  * Look for reserved variable names and replace them with real values
1969  */
1970 static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
1971 {
1972         char *s;
1973         int i;
1974
1975         for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
1976                 struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
1977
1978                 while ((s = strstr(opt, kw->word)) != NULL) {
1979                         char *new = malloc(strlen(opt) + 1);
1980                         char *o_org = opt;
1981                         int olen = s - opt;
1982                         int len;
1983
1984                         /*
1985                          * Copy part of the string before the keyword and
1986                          * sprintf() the replacement after it.
1987                          */
1988                         memcpy(new, opt, olen);
1989                         len = sprintf(new + olen, "%s", kw->replace);
1990
1991                         /*
1992                          * If there's more in the original string, copy that
1993                          * in too
1994                          */
1995                         opt += strlen(kw->word) + olen;
1996                         if (strlen(opt))
1997                                 memcpy(new + olen + len, opt, opt - o_org - 1);
1998
1999                         /*
2000                          * replace opt and free the old opt
2001                          */
2002                         opt = new;
2003                         //free(o_org);
2004
2005                         /*
2006                          * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
2007                          */
2008                         opt = bc_calc(opt);
2009                 }
2010         }
2011
2012         return opt;
2013 }
2014
2015 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts)
2016 {
2017         int i, ret;
2018
2019         sort_options(opts, options, num_opts);
2020
2021         for (ret = 0, i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
2022                 opts[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts[i]);
2023                 ret |= parse_option(opts[i], options, td);
2024         }
2025
2026         return ret;
2027 }
2028
2029 int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
2030 {
2031         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, options, td);
2032 }
2033
2034 void fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data *td)
2035 {
2036         fill_default_options(td, options);
2037 }
2038
2039 int fio_show_option_help(const char *opt)
2040 {
2041         return show_cmd_help(options, opt);
2042 }
2043
2044 static void __options_mem(struct thread_data *td, int alloc)
2045 {
2046         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
2047         struct fio_option *opt;
2048         char **ptr;
2049         int i;
2050
2051         for (i = 0, opt = &options[0]; opt->name; i++, opt = &options[i]) {
2052                 if (opt->type != FIO_OPT_STR_STORE)
2053                         continue;
2054
2055                 ptr = (void *) o + opt->off1;
2056                 if (*ptr) {
2057                         if (alloc)
2058                                 *ptr = strdup(*ptr);
2059                         else {
2060                                 free(*ptr);
2061                                 *ptr = NULL;
2062                         }
2063                 }
2064         }
2065 }
2066
2067 /*
2068  * dupe FIO_OPT_STR_STORE options
2069  */
2070 void options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
2071 {
2072         __options_mem(td, 1);
2073 }
2074
2075 void options_mem_free(struct thread_data fio_unused *td)
2076 {
2077 #if 0
2078         __options_mem(td, 0);
2079 #endif
2080 }
2081
2082 unsigned int fio_get_kb_base(void *data)
2083 {
2084         struct thread_data *td = data;
2085         unsigned int kb_base = 0;
2086
2087         if (td)
2088                 kb_base = td->o.kb_base;
2089         if (!kb_base)
2090                 kb_base = 1024;
2091
2092         return kb_base;
2093 }
2094
2095 int add_option(struct fio_option *o)
2096 {
2097         struct fio_option *__o;
2098         int opt_index = 0;
2099
2100         __o = options;
2101         while (__o->name) {
2102                 opt_index++;
2103                 __o++;
2104         }
2105
2106         memcpy(&options[opt_index], o, sizeof(*o));
2107         return 0;
2108 }
2109
2110 void invalidate_profile_options(const char *prof_name)
2111 {
2112         struct fio_option *o;
2113
2114         o = options;
2115         while (o->name) {
2116                 if (o->prof_name && !strcmp(o->prof_name, prof_name)) {
2117                         o->type = FIO_OPT_INVALID;
2118                         o->prof_name = NULL;
2119                 }
2120                 o++;
2121         }
2122 }
2123
2124 void add_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival, const char *help)
2125 {
2126         struct fio_option *o;
2127         unsigned int i;
2128
2129         o = find_option(options, optname);
2130         if (!o)
2131                 return;
2132
2133         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
2134                 if (o->posval[i].ival)
2135                         continue;
2136
2137                 o->posval[i].ival = ival;
2138                 o->posval[i].help = help;
2139                 break;
2140         }
2141 }
2142
2143 void del_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival)
2144 {
2145         struct fio_option *o;
2146         unsigned int i;
2147
2148         o = find_option(options, optname);
2149         if (!o)
2150                 return;
2151
2152         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
2153                 if (!o->posval[i].ival)
2154                         continue;
2155                 if (strcmp(o->posval[i].ival, ival))
2156                         continue;
2157
2158                 o->posval[i].ival = NULL;
2159                 o->posval[i].help = NULL;
2160         }
2161 }