options.c

   1 #include <stdio.h>
   2 #include <stdlib.h>
   3 #include <unistd.h>
   4 #include <ctype.h>
   5 #include <string.h>
   6 #include <assert.h>
   7 #include <libgen.h>
   8 #include <fcntl.h>
   9 #include <sys/types.h>
  10 #include <sys/stat.h>
  11 #include <netinet/in.h>
  12
  13 #include "fio.h"
  14 #include "verify.h"
  15 #include "parse.h"
  16 #include "lib/fls.h"
  17 #include "lib/pattern.h"
  18 #include "options.h"
  19 #include "optgroup.h"
  20
  21 char client_sockaddr_str[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN] = { 0 };
  22
  23 #define cb_data_to_td(data)     container_of(data, struct thread_data, o)
  24
  25 static struct pattern_fmt_desc fmt_desc[] = {
  26         {
  27                 .fmt   = "%o",
  28                 .len   = FIELD_SIZE(struct io_u *, offset),
  29                 .paste = paste_blockoff
  30         }
  31 };
  32
  33 /*
  34  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
  35  */
  36 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
  37 {
  38         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
  39
  40         if (!p)
  41                 return NULL;
  42
  43         p++;
  44         strip_blank_front(&p);
  45         strip_blank_end(p);
  46         return strdup(p);
  47 }
  48
  49 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  50 {
  51         const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
  52         const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
  53
  54         return (int) bsp1->perc - (int) bsp2->perc;
  55 }
  56
  57 struct split {
  58         unsigned int nr;
  59         unsigned int val1[100];
  60         unsigned int val2[100];
  61 };
  62
  63 static int split_parse_ddir(struct thread_options *o, struct split *split,
  64                             enum fio_ddir ddir, char *str)
  65 {
  66         unsigned int i, perc;
  67         long long val;
  68         char *fname;
  69
  70         split->nr = 0;
  71
  72         i = 0;
  73         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
  74                 char *perc_str;
  75
  76                 if (!strlen(fname))
  77                         break;
  78
  79                 perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
  80                 if (perc_str) {
  81                         *perc_str = '\0';
  82                         perc_str++;
  83                         perc = atoi(perc_str);
  84                         if (perc > 100)
  85                                 perc = 100;
  86                         else if (!perc)
  87                                 perc = -1U;
  88                 } else
  89                         perc = -1U;
  90
  91                 if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, o, 0, 0)) {
  92                         log_err("fio: bssplit conversion failed\n");
  93                         return 1;
  94                 }
  95
  96                 split->val1[i] = val;
  97                 split->val2[i] = perc;
  98                 i++;
  99                 if (i == 100)
 100                         break;
 101         }
 102
 103         split->nr = i;
 104         return 0;
 105 }
 106
 107 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_options *o, enum fio_ddir ddir, char *str)
 108 {
 109         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
 110         unsigned int max_bs, min_bs;
 111         struct split split;
 112
 113         memset(&split, 0, sizeof(split));
 114
 115         if (split_parse_ddir(o, &split, ddir, str))
 116                 return 1;
 117         if (!split.nr)
 118                 return 0;
 119
 120         max_bs = 0;
 121         min_bs = -1;
 122         o->bssplit[ddir] = malloc(split.nr * sizeof(struct bssplit));
 123         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] = split.nr;
 124         for (i = 0; i < split.nr; i++) {
 125                 if (split.val1[i] > max_bs)
 126                         max_bs = split.val1[i];
 127                 if (split.val1[i] < min_bs)
 128                         min_bs = split.val1[i];
 129
 130                 o->bssplit[ddir][i].bs = split.val1[i];
 131                 o->bssplit[ddir][i].perc =split.val2[i];
 132         }
 133
 134         /*
 135          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 136          */
 137         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 138         for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 139                 struct bssplit *bsp = &o->bssplit[ddir][i];
 140
 141                 if (bsp->perc == -1U)
 142                         perc_missing++;
 143                 else
 144                         perc += bsp->perc;
 145         }
 146
 147         if (perc > 100 && perc_missing > 1) {
 148                 log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 149                 free(o->bssplit[ddir]);
 150                 o->bssplit[ddir] = NULL;
 151                 return 1;
 152         }
 153
 154         /*
 155          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 156          * them.
 157          */
 158         if (perc_missing) {
 159                 if (perc_missing == 1 && o->bssplit_nr[ddir] == 1)
 160                         perc = 100;
 161                 for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 162                         struct bssplit *bsp = &o->bssplit[ddir][i];
 163
 164                         if (bsp->perc == -1U)
 165                                 bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 166                 }
 167         }
 168
 169         o->min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
 170         o->max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
 171
 172         /*
 173          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 174          */
 175         qsort(o->bssplit[ddir], o->bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
 176         return 0;
 177 }
 178
 179 typedef int (split_parse_fn)(struct thread_options *, enum fio_ddir, char *);
 180
 181 static int str_split_parse(struct thread_data *td, char *str, split_parse_fn *fn)
 182 {
 183         char *odir, *ddir;
 184         int ret = 0;
 185
 186         odir = strchr(str, ',');
 187         if (odir) {
 188                 ddir = strchr(odir + 1, ',');
 189                 if (ddir) {
 190                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, ddir + 1);
 191                         if (!ret)
 192                                 *ddir = '\0';
 193                 } else {
 194                         char *op;
 195
 196                         op = strdup(odir + 1);
 197                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 198
 199                         free(op);
 200                 }
 201                 if (!ret)
 202                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1);
 203                 if (!ret) {
 204                         *odir = '\0';
 205                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
 206                 }
 207         } else {
 208                 char *op;
 209
 210                 op = strdup(str);
 211                 ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, op);
 212                 free(op);
 213
 214                 if (!ret) {
 215                         op = strdup(str);
 216                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 217                         free(op);
 218                 }
 219                 if (!ret)
 220                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
 221         }
 222
 223         return ret;
 224 }
 225
 226 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 227 {
 228         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 229         char *str, *p;
 230         int ret = 0;
 231
 232         p = str = strdup(input);
 233
 234         strip_blank_front(&str);
 235         strip_blank_end(str);
 236
 237         ret = str_split_parse(td, str, bssplit_ddir);
 238
 239         if (parse_dryrun()) {
 240                 int i;
 241
 242                 for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
 243                         free(td->o.bssplit[i]);
 244                         td->o.bssplit[i] = NULL;
 245                         td->o.bssplit_nr[i] = 0;
 246                 }
 247         }
 248
 249         free(p);
 250         return ret;
 251 }
 252
 253 static int str2error(char *str)
 254 {
 255         const char *err[] = { "EPERM", "ENOENT", "ESRCH", "EINTR", "EIO",
 256                             "ENXIO", "E2BIG", "ENOEXEC", "EBADF",
 257                             "ECHILD", "EAGAIN", "ENOMEM", "EACCES",
 258                             "EFAULT", "ENOTBLK", "EBUSY", "EEXIST",
 259                             "EXDEV", "ENODEV", "ENOTDIR", "EISDIR",
 260                             "EINVAL", "ENFILE", "EMFILE", "ENOTTY",
 261                             "ETXTBSY","EFBIG", "ENOSPC", "ESPIPE",
 262                             "EROFS","EMLINK", "EPIPE", "EDOM", "ERANGE" };
 263         int i = 0, num = sizeof(err) / sizeof(char *);
 264
 265         while (i < num) {
 266                 if (!strcmp(err[i], str))
 267                         return i + 1;
 268                 i++;
 269         }
 270         return 0;
 271 }
 272
 273 static int ignore_error_type(struct thread_data *td, int etype, char *str)
 274 {
 275         unsigned int i;
 276         int *error;
 277         char *fname;
 278
 279         if (etype >= ERROR_TYPE_CNT) {
 280                 log_err("Illegal error type\n");
 281                 return 1;
 282         }
 283
 284         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = 4;
 285         error = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
 286
 287         i = 0;
 288         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
 289
 290                 if (!strlen(fname))
 291                         break;
 292
 293                 /*
 294                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
 295                  */
 296                 if (i == td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]) {
 297                         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] <<= 1;
 298                         error = realloc(error, td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]
 299                                                   * sizeof(int));
 300                 }
 301                 if (fname[0] == 'E') {
 302                         error[i] = str2error(fname);
 303                 } else {
 304                         error[i] = atoi(fname);
 305                         if (error[i] < 0)
 306                                 error[i] = -error[i];
 307                 }
 308                 if (!error[i]) {
 309                         log_err("Unknown error %s, please use number value \n",
 310                                   fname);
 311                         free(error);
 312                         return 1;
 313                 }
 314                 i++;
 315         }
 316         if (i) {
 317                 td->o.continue_on_error |= 1 << etype;
 318                 td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = i;
 319                 td->o.ignore_error[etype] = error;
 320         } else
 321                 free(error);
 322
 323         return 0;
 324
 325 }
 326
 327 static int str_ignore_error_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 328 {
 329         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 330         char *str, *p, *n;
 331         int type = 0, ret = 1;
 332
 333         if (parse_dryrun())
 334                 return 0;
 335
 336         p = str = strdup(input);
 337
 338         strip_blank_front(&str);
 339         strip_blank_end(str);
 340
 341         while (p) {
 342                 n = strchr(p, ',');
 343                 if (n)
 344                         *n++ = '\0';
 345                 ret = ignore_error_type(td, type, p);
 346                 if (ret)
 347                         break;
 348                 p = n;
 349                 type++;
 350         }
 351         free(str);
 352         return ret;
 353 }
 354
 355 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 356 {
 357         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 358         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
 359         char *nr;
 360
 361         if (parse_dryrun())
 362                 return 0;
 363
 364         o->ddir_seq_nr = 1;
 365         o->ddir_seq_add = 0;
 366
 367         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 368         if (!nr)
 369                 return 0;
 370
 371         if (td_random(td))
 372                 o->ddir_seq_nr = atoi(nr);
 373         else {
 374                 long long val;
 375
 376                 if (str_to_decimal(nr, &val, 1, o, 0, 0)) {
 377                         log_err("fio: rw postfix parsing failed\n");
 378                         free(nr);
 379                         return 1;
 380                 }
 381
 382                 o->ddir_seq_add = val;
 383         }
 384
 385         free(nr);
 386         return 0;
 387 }
 388
 389 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 390 {
 391         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 392
 393         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAP ||
 394             td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPSHARED)
 395                 td->o.mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
 396
 397         return 0;
 398 }
 399
 400 static int fio_clock_source_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 401 {
 402         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 403
 404         fio_clock_source = td->o.clocksource;
 405         fio_clock_source_set = 1;
 406         fio_clock_init();
 407         return 0;
 408 }
 409
 410 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 411 {
 412         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 413
 414         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
 415         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
 416         return 0;
 417 }
 418
 419 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 420 {
 421         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 422
 423         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
 424         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
 425         return 0;
 426 }
 427
 428 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
 429 {
 430         exitall_on_terminate = 1;
 431         return 0;
 432 }
 433
 434 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 435 int fio_cpus_split(os_cpu_mask_t *mask, unsigned int cpu_index)
 436 {
 437         unsigned int i, index, cpus_in_mask;
 438         const long max_cpu = cpus_online();
 439
 440         cpus_in_mask = fio_cpu_count(mask);
 441         cpu_index = cpu_index % cpus_in_mask;
 442
 443         index = 0;
 444         for (i = 0; i < max_cpu; i++) {
 445                 if (!fio_cpu_isset(mask, i))
 446                         continue;
 447
 448                 if (cpu_index != index)
 449                         fio_cpu_clear(mask, i);
 450
 451                 index++;
 452         }
 453
 454         return fio_cpu_count(mask);
 455 }
 456
 457 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 458 {
 459         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 460         unsigned int i;
 461         long max_cpu;
 462         int ret;
 463
 464         if (parse_dryrun())
 465                 return 0;
 466
 467         ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
 468         if (ret < 0) {
 469                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 470                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 471                 return 1;
 472         }
 473
 474         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 475
 476         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
 477                 if ((1 << i) & *val) {
 478                         if (i >= max_cpu) {
 479                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
 480                                                                 max_cpu - 1);
 481                                 return 1;
 482                         }
 483                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
 484                         fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
 485                 }
 486         }
 487
 488         return 0;
 489 }
 490
 491 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
 492                             const char *input)
 493 {
 494         char *cpu, *str, *p;
 495         long max_cpu;
 496         int ret = 0;
 497
 498         ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
 499         if (ret < 0) {
 500                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 501                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 502                 return 1;
 503         }
 504
 505         p = str = strdup(input);
 506
 507         strip_blank_front(&str);
 508         strip_blank_end(str);
 509
 510         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 511
 512         while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
 513                 char *str2, *cpu2;
 514                 int icpu, icpu2;
 515
 516                 if (!strlen(cpu))
 517                         break;
 518
 519                 str2 = cpu;
 520                 icpu2 = -1;
 521                 while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
 522                         if (!strlen(cpu2))
 523                                 break;
 524
 525                         icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
 526                 }
 527
 528                 icpu = atoi(cpu);
 529                 if (icpu2 == -1)
 530                         icpu2 = icpu;
 531                 while (icpu <= icpu2) {
 532                         if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
 533                                 log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
 534                                         " %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
 535                                 ret = 1;
 536                                 break;
 537                         }
 538                         if (icpu >= max_cpu) {
 539                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
 540                                                         icpu, max_cpu - 1);
 541                                 ret = 1;
 542                                 break;
 543                         }
 544
 545                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
 546                         fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
 547                         icpu++;
 548                 }
 549                 if (ret)
 550                         break;
 551         }
 552
 553         free(p);
 554         return ret;
 555 }
 556
 557 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 558 {
 559         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 560
 561         if (parse_dryrun())
 562                 return 0;
 563
 564         return set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
 565 }
 566
 567 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 568 {
 569         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 570
 571         if (parse_dryrun())
 572                 return 0;
 573
 574         return set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
 575 }
 576
 577 #ifdef CONFIG_ZLIB
 578 static int str_log_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 579 {
 580         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 581
 582         if (parse_dryrun())
 583                 return 0;
 584
 585         return set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.log_gz_cpumask, input);
 586 }
 587 #endif /* CONFIG_ZLIB */
 588
 589 #endif /* FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY */
 590
 591 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
 592 static int str_numa_cpunodes_cb(void *data, char *input)
 593 {
 594         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 595         struct bitmask *verify_bitmask;
 596
 597         if (parse_dryrun())
 598                 return 0;
 599
 600         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 601          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 602          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 603          * numa_free_nodemask().
 604          */
 605         verify_bitmask = numa_parse_nodestring(input);
 606         if (verify_bitmask == NULL) {
 607                 log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 608                 td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_cpunodes_cb");
 609                 return 1;
 610         }
 611         numa_free_nodemask(verify_bitmask);
 612
 613         td->o.numa_cpunodes = strdup(input);
 614         return 0;
 615 }
 616
 617 static int str_numa_mpol_cb(void *data, char *input)
 618 {
 619         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 620         const char * const policy_types[] =
 621                 { "default", "prefer", "bind", "interleave", "local", NULL };
 622         int i;
 623         char *nodelist;
 624         struct bitmask *verify_bitmask;
 625
 626         if (parse_dryrun())
 627                 return 0;
 628
 629         nodelist = strchr(input, ':');
 630         if (nodelist) {
 631                 /* NUL-terminate mode */
 632                 *nodelist++ = '\0';
 633         }
 634
 635         for (i = 0; i <= MPOL_LOCAL; i++) {
 636                 if (!strcmp(input, policy_types[i])) {
 637                         td->o.numa_mem_mode = i;
 638                         break;
 639                 }
 640         }
 641         if (i > MPOL_LOCAL) {
 642                 log_err("fio: memory policy should be: default, prefer, bind, interleave, local\n");
 643                 goto out;
 644         }
 645
 646         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 647         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 648                 /*
 649                  * Insist on a nodelist of one node only
 650                  */
 651                 if (nodelist) {
 652                         char *rest = nodelist;
 653                         while (isdigit(*rest))
 654                                 rest++;
 655                         if (*rest) {
 656                                 log_err("fio: one node only for \'prefer\'\n");
 657                                 goto out;
 658                         }
 659                 } else {
 660                         log_err("fio: one node is needed for \'prefer\'\n");
 661                         goto out;
 662                 }
 663                 break;
 664         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 665                 /*
 666                  * Default to online nodes with memory if no nodelist
 667                  */
 668                 if (!nodelist)
 669                         nodelist = strdup("all");
 670                 break;
 671         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 672         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 673                 /*
 674                  * Don't allow a nodelist
 675                  */
 676                 if (nodelist) {
 677                         log_err("fio: NO nodelist for \'local\'\n");
 678                         goto out;
 679                 }
 680                 break;
 681         case MPOL_BIND:
 682                 /*
 683                  * Insist on a nodelist
 684                  */
 685                 if (!nodelist) {
 686                         log_err("fio: a nodelist is needed for \'bind\'\n");
 687                         goto out;
 688                 }
 689                 break;
 690         }
 691
 692
 693         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 694          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 695          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 696          * numa_free_nodemask().
 697          */
 698         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 699         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 700                 td->o.numa_mem_prefer_node = atoi(nodelist);
 701                 break;
 702         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 703         case MPOL_BIND:
 704                 verify_bitmask = numa_parse_nodestring(nodelist);
 705                 if (verify_bitmask == NULL) {
 706                         log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 707                         td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_memnodes_cb");
 708                         return 1;
 709                 }
 710                 td->o.numa_memnodes = strdup(nodelist);
 711                 numa_free_nodemask(verify_bitmask);
 712
 713                 break;
 714         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 715         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 716         default:
 717                 break;
 718         }
 719
 720         return 0;
 721 out:
 722         return 1;
 723 }
 724 #endif
 725
 726 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 727 {
 728         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 729         double val;
 730         bool done = false;
 731         char *nr;
 732
 733         td->file_service_nr = 1;
 734
 735         switch (td->o.file_service_type) {
 736         case FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM:
 737         case FIO_FSERVICE_RR:
 738         case FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ:
 739                 nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 740                 if (nr) {
 741                         td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
 742                         free(nr);
 743                 }
 744                 done = true;
 745                 break;
 746         case FIO_FSERVICE_ZIPF:
 747                 val = FIO_DEF_ZIPF;
 748                 break;
 749         case FIO_FSERVICE_PARETO:
 750                 val = FIO_DEF_PARETO;
 751                 break;
 752         case FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS:
 753                 val = 0.0;
 754                 break;
 755         default:
 756                 log_err("fio: bad file service type: %d\n", td->o.file_service_type);
 757                 return 1;
 758         }
 759
 760         if (done)
 761                 return 0;
 762
 763         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 764         if (nr && !str_to_float(nr, &val, 0)) {
 765                 log_err("fio: file service type random postfix parsing failed\n");
 766                 free(nr);
 767                 return 1;
 768         }
 769
 770         free(nr);
 771
 772         switch (td->o.file_service_type) {
 773         case FIO_FSERVICE_ZIPF:
 774                 if (val == 1.00) {
 775                         log_err("fio: zipf theta must be different than 1.0\n");
 776                         return 1;
 777                 }
 778                 if (parse_dryrun())
 779                         return 0;
 780                 td->zipf_theta = val;
 781                 break;
 782         case FIO_FSERVICE_PARETO:
 783                 if (val <= 0.00 || val >= 1.00) {
 784                           log_err("fio: pareto input out of range (0 < input < 1.0)\n");
 785                           return 1;
 786                 }
 787                 if (parse_dryrun())
 788                         return 0;
 789                 td->pareto_h = val;
 790                 break;
 791         case FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS:
 792                 if (val < 0.00 || val >= 100.00) {
 793                           log_err("fio: normal deviation out of range (0 <= input < 100.0)\n");
 794                           return 1;
 795                 }
 796                 if (parse_dryrun())
 797                         return 0;
 798                 td->gauss_dev = val;
 799                 break;
 800         }
 801
 802         return 0;
 803 }
 804
 805 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
 806 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 807 {
 808         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 809         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 810
 811         td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
 812         if (nr) {
 813                 td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
 814                 free(nr);
 815         }
 816
 817         return 0;
 818 }
 819 #endif
 820
 821 static int zone_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
 822 {
 823         const struct zone_split *zsp1 = p1;
 824         const struct zone_split *zsp2 = p2;
 825
 826         return (int) zsp2->access_perc - (int) zsp1->access_perc;
 827 }
 828
 829 static int zone_split_ddir(struct thread_options *o, enum fio_ddir ddir,
 830                            char *str)
 831 {
 832         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing, sperc, sperc_missing;
 833         struct split split;
 834
 835         memset(&split, 0, sizeof(split));
 836
 837         if (split_parse_ddir(o, &split, ddir, str))
 838                 return 1;
 839         if (!split.nr)
 840                 return 0;
 841
 842         o->zone_split[ddir] = malloc(split.nr * sizeof(struct zone_split));
 843         o->zone_split_nr[ddir] = split.nr;
 844         for (i = 0; i < split.nr; i++) {
 845                 o->zone_split[ddir][i].access_perc = split.val1[i];
 846                 o->zone_split[ddir][i].size_perc = split.val2[i];
 847         }
 848
 849         /*
 850          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 851          */
 852         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 853         sperc = sperc_missing = 0;
 854         for (i = 0; i < o->zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 855                 struct zone_split *zsp = &o->zone_split[ddir][i];
 856
 857                 if (zsp->access_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
 858                         perc_missing++;
 859                 else
 860                         perc += zsp->access_perc;
 861
 862                 if (zsp->size_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
 863                         sperc_missing++;
 864                 else
 865                         sperc += zsp->size_perc;
 866
 867         }
 868
 869         if (perc > 100 || sperc > 100) {
 870                 log_err("fio: zone_split percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 871                 free(o->zone_split[ddir]);
 872                 o->zone_split[ddir] = NULL;
 873                 return 1;
 874         }
 875         if (perc < 100) {
 876                 log_err("fio: access percentage don't add up to 100 for zoned "
 877                         "random distribution (got=%u)\n", perc);
 878                 free(o->zone_split[ddir]);
 879                 o->zone_split[ddir] = NULL;
 880                 return 1;
 881         }
 882
 883         /*
 884          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 885          * them.
 886          */
 887         if (perc_missing) {
 888                 if (perc_missing == 1 && o->zone_split_nr[ddir] == 1)
 889                         perc = 100;
 890                 for (i = 0; i < o->zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 891                         struct zone_split *zsp = &o->zone_split[ddir][i];
 892
 893                         if (zsp->access_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
 894                                 zsp->access_perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 895                 }
 896         }
 897         if (sperc_missing) {
 898                 if (sperc_missing == 1 && o->zone_split_nr[ddir] == 1)
 899                         sperc = 100;
 900                 for (i = 0; i < o->zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 901                         struct zone_split *zsp = &o->zone_split[ddir][i];
 902
 903                         if (zsp->size_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
 904                                 zsp->size_perc = (100 - sperc) / sperc_missing;
 905                 }
 906         }
 907
 908         /*
 909          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 910          */
 911         qsort(o->zone_split[ddir], o->zone_split_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct zone_split), zone_cmp);
 912         return 0;
 913 }
 914
 915 static void __td_zone_gen_index(struct thread_data *td, enum fio_ddir ddir)
 916 {
 917         unsigned int i, j, sprev, aprev;
 918
 919         td->zone_state_index[ddir] = malloc(sizeof(struct zone_split_index) * 100);
 920
 921         sprev = aprev = 0;
 922         for (i = 0; i < td->o.zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 923                 struct zone_split *zsp = &td->o.zone_split[ddir][i];
 924
 925                 for (j = aprev; j < aprev + zsp->access_perc; j++) {
 926                         struct zone_split_index *zsi = &td->zone_state_index[ddir][j];
 927
 928                         zsi->size_perc = sprev + zsp->size_perc;
 929                         zsi->size_perc_prev = sprev;
 930                 }
 931
 932                 aprev += zsp->access_perc;
 933                 sprev += zsp->size_perc;
 934         }
 935 }
 936
 937 /*
 938  * Generate state table for indexes, so we don't have to do it inline from
 939  * the hot IO path
 940  */
 941 static void td_zone_gen_index(struct thread_data *td)
 942 {
 943         int i;
 944
 945         td->zone_state_index = malloc(DDIR_RWDIR_CNT *
 946                                         sizeof(struct zone_split_index *));
 947
 948         for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++)
 949                 __td_zone_gen_index(td, i);
 950 }
 951
 952 static int parse_zoned_distribution(struct thread_data *td, const char *input)
 953 {
 954         char *str, *p;
 955         int i, ret = 0;
 956
 957         p = str = strdup(input);
 958
 959         strip_blank_front(&str);
 960         strip_blank_end(str);
 961
 962         /* We expect it to start like that, bail if not */
 963         if (strncmp(str, "zoned:", 6)) {
 964                 log_err("fio: mismatch in zoned input <%s>\n", str);
 965                 free(p);
 966                 return 1;
 967         }
 968         str += strlen("zoned:");
 969
 970         ret = str_split_parse(td, str, zone_split_ddir);
 971
 972         free(p);
 973
 974         for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
 975                 int j;
 976
 977                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "zone ddir %d (nr=%u): \n", i, td->o.zone_split_nr[i]);
 978
 979                 for (j = 0; j < td->o.zone_split_nr[i]; j++) {
 980                         struct zone_split *zsp = &td->o.zone_split[i][j];
 981
 982                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "\t%d: %u/%u\n", j, zsp->access_perc,
 983                                                                 zsp->size_perc);
 984                 }
 985         }
 986
 987         if (parse_dryrun()) {
 988                 int i;
 989
 990                 for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
 991                         free(td->o.zone_split[i]);
 992                         td->o.zone_split[i] = NULL;
 993                         td->o.zone_split_nr[i] = 0;
 994                 }
 995
 996                 return ret;
 997         }
 998
 999         if (!ret)
1000                 td_zone_gen_index(td);
1001         else {
1002                 for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++)
1003                         td->o.zone_split_nr[i] = 0;
1004         }
1005
1006         return ret;
1007 }
1008
1009 static int str_random_distribution_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1010 {
1011         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1012         double val;
1013         char *nr;
1014
1015         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF)
1016                 val = FIO_DEF_ZIPF;
1017         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO)
1018                 val = FIO_DEF_PARETO;
1019         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_GAUSS)
1020                 val = 0.0;
1021         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZONED)
1022                 return parse_zoned_distribution(td, str);
1023         else
1024                 return 0;
1025
1026         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
1027         if (nr && !str_to_float(nr, &val, 0)) {
1028                 log_err("fio: random postfix parsing failed\n");
1029                 free(nr);
1030                 return 1;
1031         }
1032
1033         free(nr);
1034
1035         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF) {
1036                 if (val == 1.00) {
1037                         log_err("fio: zipf theta must different than 1.0\n");
1038                         return 1;
1039                 }
1040                 if (parse_dryrun())
1041                         return 0;
1042                 td->o.zipf_theta.u.f = val;
1043         } else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO) {
1044                 if (val <= 0.00 || val >= 1.00) {
1045                         log_err("fio: pareto input out of range (0 < input < 1.0)\n");
1046                         return 1;
1047                 }
1048                 if (parse_dryrun())
1049                         return 0;
1050                 td->o.pareto_h.u.f = val;
1051         } else {
1052                 if (val < 0.00 || val >= 100.0) {
1053                         log_err("fio: normal deviation out of range (0 <= input < 100.0)\n");
1054                         return 1;
1055                 }
1056                 if (parse_dryrun())
1057                         return 0;
1058                 td->o.gauss_dev.u.f = val;
1059         }
1060
1061         return 0;
1062 }
1063
1064 static int str_steadystate_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1065 {
1066         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1067         double val;
1068         char *nr;
1069         char *pct;
1070         long long ll;
1071
1072         if (td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_IOPS && td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_IOPS_SLOPE &&
1073             td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_BW && td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_BW_SLOPE) {
1074                 /* should be impossible to get here */
1075                 log_err("fio: unknown steady state criterion\n");
1076                 return 1;
1077         }
1078
1079         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
1080         if (!nr) {
1081                 log_err("fio: steadystate threshold must be specified in addition to criterion\n");
1082                 free(nr);
1083                 return 1;
1084         }
1085
1086         /* ENHANCEMENT Allow fio to understand size=10.2% and use here */
1087         pct = strstr(nr, "%");
1088         if (pct) {
1089                 *pct = '\0';
1090                 strip_blank_end(nr);
1091                 if (!str_to_float(nr, &val, 0)) {
1092                         log_err("fio: could not parse steadystate threshold percentage\n");
1093                         free(nr);
1094                         return 1;
1095                 }
1096
1097                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "set steady state threshold to %f%%\n", val);
1098                 free(nr);
1099                 if (parse_dryrun())
1100                         return 0;
1101
1102                 td->o.ss_state |= __FIO_SS_PCT;
1103                 td->o.ss_limit.u.f = val;
1104         } else if (td->o.ss_state & __FIO_SS_IOPS) {
1105                 if (!str_to_float(nr, &val, 0)) {
1106                         log_err("fio: steadystate IOPS threshold postfix parsing failed\n");
1107                         free(nr);
1108                         return 1;
1109                 }
1110
1111                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "set steady state IOPS threshold to %f\n", val);
1112                 free(nr);
1113                 if (parse_dryrun())
1114                         return 0;
1115
1116                 td->o.ss_limit.u.f = val;
1117         } else {        /* bandwidth criterion */
1118                 if (str_to_decimal(nr, &ll, 1, td, 0, 0)) {
1119                         log_err("fio: steadystate BW threshold postfix parsing failed\n");
1120                         free(nr);
1121                         return 1;
1122                 }
1123
1124                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "set steady state BW threshold to %lld\n", ll);
1125                 free(nr);
1126                 if (parse_dryrun())
1127                         return 0;
1128
1129                 td->o.ss_limit.u.f = (double) ll;
1130         }
1131
1132         td->ss.state = td->o.ss_state;
1133         return 0;
1134 }
1135
1136 /*
1137  * Return next name in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
1138  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
1139  * indicate a new file.
1140  */
1141 static char *get_next_name(char **ptr)
1142 {
1143         char *str = *ptr;
1144         char *p, *start;
1145
1146         if (!str || !strlen(str))
1147                 return NULL;
1148
1149         start = str;
1150         do {
1151                 /*
1152                  * No colon, we are done
1153                  */
1154                 p = strchr(str, ':');
1155                 if (!p) {
1156                         *ptr = NULL;
1157                         break;
1158                 }
1159
1160                 /*
1161                  * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
1162                  * continue
1163                  */
1164                 if (p == start) {
1165                         str = ++start;
1166                         continue;
1167                 }
1168
1169                 if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
1170                         *p = '\0';
1171                         *ptr = p + 1;
1172                         break;
1173                 }
1174
1175                 memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
1176                 str = p;
1177         } while (1);
1178
1179         return start;
1180 }
1181
1182
1183 static int get_max_name_idx(char *input)
1184 {
1185         unsigned int cur_idx;
1186         char *str, *p;
1187
1188         p = str = strdup(input);
1189         for (cur_idx = 0; ; cur_idx++)
1190                 if (get_next_name(&str) == NULL)
1191                         break;
1192
1193         free(p);
1194         return cur_idx;
1195 }
1196
1197 /*
1198  * Returns the directory at the index, indexes > entires will be
1199  * assigned via modulo division of the index
1200  */
1201 int set_name_idx(char *target, size_t tlen, char *input, int index,
1202                  bool unique_filename)
1203 {
1204         unsigned int cur_idx;
1205         int len;
1206         char *fname, *str, *p;
1207
1208         p = str = strdup(input);
1209
1210         index %= get_max_name_idx(input);
1211         for (cur_idx = 0; cur_idx <= index; cur_idx++)
1212                 fname = get_next_name(&str);
1213
1214         if (client_sockaddr_str[0] && unique_filename) {
1215                 len = snprintf(target, tlen, "%s/%s.", fname,
1216                                 client_sockaddr_str);
1217         } else
1218                 len = snprintf(target, tlen, "%s/", fname);
1219
1220         target[tlen - 1] = '\0';
1221         free(p);
1222
1223         return len;
1224 }
1225
1226 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1227 {
1228         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1229         char *fname, *str, *p;
1230
1231         p = str = strdup(input);
1232
1233         strip_blank_front(&str);
1234         strip_blank_end(str);
1235
1236         if (!td->files_index)
1237                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
1238
1239         while ((fname = get_next_name(&str)) != NULL) {
1240                 if (!strlen(fname))
1241                         break;
1242                 add_file(td, fname, 0, 1);
1243         }
1244
1245         free(p);
1246         return 0;
1247 }
1248
1249 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *unused)
1250 {
1251         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1252         struct stat sb;
1253         char *dirname, *str, *p;
1254         int ret = 0;
1255
1256         if (parse_dryrun())
1257                 return 0;
1258
1259         p = str = strdup(td->o.directory);
1260         while ((dirname = get_next_name(&str)) != NULL) {
1261                 if (lstat(dirname, &sb) < 0) {
1262                         ret = errno;
1263
1264                         log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dirname);
1265                         td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
1266                         goto out;
1267                 }
1268                 if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
1269                         log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dirname);
1270                         ret = 1;
1271                         goto out;
1272                 }
1273         }
1274
1275 out:
1276         free(p);
1277         return ret;
1278 }
1279
1280 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
1281 {
1282         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1283
1284         if (parse_dryrun())
1285                 return 0;
1286
1287         if (!td->files_index)
1288                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
1289
1290         return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
1291 }
1292
1293 static int str_buffer_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1294 {
1295         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1296         int ret;
1297
1298         /* FIXME: for now buffer pattern does not support formats */
1299         ret = parse_and_fill_pattern(input, strlen(input), td->o.buffer_pattern,
1300                                      MAX_PATTERN_SIZE, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
1301         if (ret < 0)
1302                 return 1;
1303
1304         assert(ret != 0);
1305         td->o.buffer_pattern_bytes = ret;
1306         if (!td->o.compress_percentage)
1307                 td->o.refill_buffers = 0;
1308         td->o.scramble_buffers = 0;
1309         td->o.zero_buffers = 0;
1310
1311         return 0;
1312 }
1313
1314 static int str_buffer_compress_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *il)
1315 {
1316         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1317
1318         td->flags |= TD_F_COMPRESS;
1319         td->o.compress_percentage = *il;
1320         return 0;
1321 }
1322
1323 static int str_dedupe_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *il)
1324 {
1325         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1326
1327         td->flags |= TD_F_COMPRESS;
1328         td->o.dedupe_percentage = *il;
1329         td->o.refill_buffers = 1;
1330         return 0;
1331 }
1332
1333 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1334 {
1335         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1336         int ret;
1337
1338         td->o.verify_fmt_sz = ARRAY_SIZE(td->o.verify_fmt);
1339         ret = parse_and_fill_pattern(input, strlen(input), td->o.verify_pattern,
1340                                      MAX_PATTERN_SIZE, fmt_desc, sizeof(fmt_desc),
1341                                      td->o.verify_fmt, &td->o.verify_fmt_sz);
1342         if (ret < 0)
1343                 return 1;
1344
1345         assert(ret != 0);
1346         td->o.verify_pattern_bytes = ret;
1347         /*
1348          * VERIFY_* could already be set
1349          */
1350         if (!fio_option_is_set(&td->o, verify))
1351                 td->o.verify = VERIFY_PATTERN;
1352
1353         return 0;
1354 }
1355
1356 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
1357 {
1358         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1359         int val = *il;
1360
1361         td->o.disable_lat = !!val;
1362         td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
1363         td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
1364         td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
1365         td->o.clat_percentiles = !val;
1366         if (val)
1367                 td->tv_cache_mask = 63;
1368
1369         return 0;
1370 }
1371
1372 static int str_size_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *__val)
1373 {
1374         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1375         unsigned long long v = *__val;
1376
1377         if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
1378                 td->o.size = 0;
1379                 td->o.size_percent = -1ULL - v;
1380         } else
1381                 td->o.size = v;
1382
1383         return 0;
1384 }
1385
1386 static int str_write_bw_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1387 {
1388         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1389
1390         if (str)
1391                 td->o.bw_log_file = strdup(str);
1392
1393         td->o.write_bw_log = 1;
1394         return 0;
1395 }
1396
1397 static int str_write_lat_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1398 {
1399         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1400
1401         if (str)
1402                 td->o.lat_log_file = strdup(str);
1403
1404         td->o.write_lat_log = 1;
1405         return 0;
1406 }
1407
1408 static int str_write_iops_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1409 {
1410         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1411
1412         if (str)
1413                 td->o.iops_log_file = strdup(str);
1414
1415         td->o.write_iops_log = 1;
1416         return 0;
1417 }
1418
1419 static int str_write_hist_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1420 {
1421         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1422
1423         if (str)
1424                 td->o.hist_log_file = strdup(str);
1425
1426         td->o.write_hist_log = 1;
1427         return 0;
1428 }
1429
1430 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
1431 {
1432         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1433
1434         if (read_only && td_write(td)) {
1435                 log_err("fio: job <%s> has write bit set, but fio is in"
1436                         " read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
1437                 return 1;
1438         }
1439
1440         return 0;
1441 }
1442
1443 static int gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
1444 {
1445 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1446         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1447
1448         if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
1449                 log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
1450                         "gettimeofday() offloading\n");
1451                 return 1;
1452         }
1453 #endif
1454
1455         return 0;
1456 }
1457
1458 /*
1459  * Map of job/command line options
1460  */
1461 struct fio_option fio_options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
1462         {
1463                 .name   = "description",
1464                 .lname  = "Description of job",
1465                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1466                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, description),
1467                 .help   = "Text job description",
1468                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1469                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1470         },
1471         {
1472                 .name   = "name",
1473                 .lname  = "Job name",
1474                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1475                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, name),
1476                 .help   = "Name of this job",
1477                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1478                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1479         },
1480         {
1481                 .name   = "wait_for",
1482                 .lname  = "Waitee name",
1483                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1484                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, wait_for),
1485                 .help   = "Name of the job this one wants to wait for before starting",
1486                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1487                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1488         },
1489         {
1490                 .name   = "filename",
1491                 .lname  = "Filename(s)",
1492                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1493                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, filename),
1494                 .cb     = str_filename_cb,
1495                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1496                 .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
1497                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1498                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1499         },
1500         {
1501                 .name   = "directory",
1502                 .lname  = "Directory",
1503                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1504                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, directory),
1505                 .cb     = str_directory_cb,
1506                 .help   = "Directory to store files in",
1507                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1508                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1509         },
1510         {
1511                 .name   = "filename_format",
1512                 .lname  = "Filename Format",
1513                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1514                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, filename_format),
1515                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1516                 .help   = "Override default $jobname.$jobnum.$filenum naming",
1517                 .def    = "$jobname.$jobnum.$filenum",
1518                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1519                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1520         },
1521         {
1522                 .name   = "unique_filename",
1523                 .lname  = "Unique Filename",
1524                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1525                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, unique_filename),
1526                 .help   = "For network clients, prefix file with source IP",
1527                 .def    = "1",
1528                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1529                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1530         },
1531         {
1532                 .name   = "lockfile",
1533                 .lname  = "Lockfile",
1534                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1535                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, file_lock_mode),
1536                 .help   = "Lock file when doing IO to it",
1537                 .prio   = 1,
1538                 .parent = "filename",
1539                 .hide   = 0,
1540                 .def    = "none",
1541                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1542                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1543                 .posval = {
1544                           { .ival = "none",
1545                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
1546                             .help = "No file locking",
1547                           },
1548                           { .ival = "exclusive",
1549                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
1550                             .help = "Exclusive file lock",
1551                           },
1552                           {
1553                             .ival = "readwrite",
1554                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
1555                             .help = "Read vs write lock",
1556                           },
1557                 },
1558         },
1559         {
1560                 .name   = "opendir",
1561                 .lname  = "Open directory",
1562                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1563                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, opendir),
1564                 .cb     = str_opendir_cb,
1565                 .help   = "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
1566                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1567                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1568         },
1569         {
1570                 .name   = "rw",
1571                 .lname  = "Read/write",
1572                 .alias  = "readwrite",
1573                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1574                 .cb     = str_rw_cb,
1575                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, td_ddir),
1576                 .help   = "IO direction",
1577                 .def    = "read",
1578                 .verify = rw_verify,
1579                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1580                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1581                 .posval = {
1582                           { .ival = "read",
1583                             .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
1584                             .help = "Sequential read",
1585                           },
1586                           { .ival = "write",
1587                             .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
1588                             .help = "Sequential write",
1589                           },
1590                           { .ival = "trim",
1591                             .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIM,
1592                             .help = "Sequential trim",
1593                           },
1594                           { .ival = "randread",
1595                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
1596                             .help = "Random read",
1597                           },
1598                           { .ival = "randwrite",
1599                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
1600                             .help = "Random write",
1601                           },
1602                           { .ival = "randtrim",
1603                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDTRIM,
1604                             .help = "Random trim",
1605                           },
1606                           { .ival = "rw",
1607                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1608                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1609                           },
1610                           { .ival = "readwrite",
1611                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1612                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1613                           },
1614                           { .ival = "randrw",
1615                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
1616                             .help = "Random read and write mix"
1617                           },
1618                           { .ival = "trimwrite",
1619                             .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIMWRITE,
1620                             .help = "Trim and write mix, trims preceding writes"
1621                           },
1622                 },
1623         },
1624         {
1625                 .name   = "rw_sequencer",
1626                 .lname  = "RW Sequencer",
1627                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1628                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rw_seq),
1629                 .help   = "IO offset generator modifier",
1630                 .def    = "sequential",
1631                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1632                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1633                 .posval = {
1634                           { .ival = "sequential",
1635                             .oval = RW_SEQ_SEQ,
1636                             .help = "Generate sequential offsets",
1637                           },
1638                           { .ival = "identical",
1639                             .oval = RW_SEQ_IDENT,
1640                             .help = "Generate identical offsets",
1641                           },
1642                 },
1643         },
1644
1645         {
1646                 .name   = "ioengine",
1647                 .lname  = "IO Engine",
1648                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1649                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ioengine),
1650                 .help   = "IO engine to use",
1651                 .def    = FIO_PREFERRED_ENGINE,
1652                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1653                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1654                 .posval = {
1655                           { .ival = "sync",
1656                             .help = "Use read/write",
1657                           },
1658                           { .ival = "psync",
1659                             .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
1660                           },
1661                           { .ival = "vsync",
1662                             .help = "Use readv/writev",
1663                           },
1664 #ifdef CONFIG_PWRITEV
1665                           { .ival = "pvsync",
1666                             .help = "Use preadv/pwritev",
1667                           },
1668 #endif
1669 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_PWRITEV2
1670                           { .ival = "pvsync2",
1671                             .help = "Use preadv2/pwritev2",
1672                           },
1673 #endif
1674 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBAIO
1675                           { .ival = "libaio",
1676                             .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
1677                           },
1678 #endif
1679 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIXAIO
1680                           { .ival = "posixaio",
1681                             .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
1682                           },
1683 #endif
1684 #ifdef CONFIG_SOLARISAIO
1685                           { .ival = "solarisaio",
1686                             .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
1687                           },
1688 #endif
1689 #ifdef CONFIG_WINDOWSAIO
1690                           { .ival = "windowsaio",
1691                             .help = "Windows native asynchronous IO"
1692                           },
1693 #endif
1694 #ifdef CONFIG_RBD
1695                           { .ival = "rbd",
1696                             .help = "Rados Block Device asynchronous IO"
1697                           },
1698 #endif
1699                           { .ival = "mmap",
1700                             .help = "Memory mapped IO"
1701                           },
1702 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_SPLICE
1703                           { .ival = "splice",
1704                             .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
1705                           },
1706                           { .ival = "netsplice",
1707                             .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
1708                           },
1709 #endif
1710 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
1711                           { .ival = "sg",
1712                             .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
1713                           },
1714 #endif
1715                           { .ival = "null",
1716                             .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
1717                           },
1718                           { .ival = "net",
1719                             .help = "Network IO",
1720                           },
1721                           { .ival = "cpuio",
1722                             .help = "CPU cycle burner engine",
1723                           },
1724 #ifdef CONFIG_GUASI
1725                           { .ival = "guasi",
1726                             .help = "GUASI IO engine",
1727                           },
1728 #endif
1729 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_BINJECT
1730                           { .ival = "binject",
1731                             .help = "binject direct inject block engine",
1732                           },
1733 #endif
1734 #ifdef CONFIG_RDMA
1735                           { .ival = "rdma",
1736                             .help = "RDMA IO engine",
1737                           },
1738 #endif
1739 #ifdef CONFIG_FUSION_AW
1740                           { .ival = "fusion-aw-sync",
1741                             .help = "Fusion-io atomic write engine",
1742                           },
1743 #endif
1744 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_EXT4_MOVE_EXTENT
1745                           { .ival = "e4defrag",
1746                             .help = "ext4 defrag engine",
1747                           },
1748 #endif
1749 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1750                           { .ival = "falloc",
1751                             .help = "fallocate() file based engine",
1752                           },
1753 #endif
1754 #ifdef CONFIG_GFAPI
1755                           { .ival = "gfapi",
1756                             .help = "Glusterfs libgfapi(sync) based engine"
1757                           },
1758                           { .ival = "gfapi_async",
1759                             .help = "Glusterfs libgfapi(async) based engine"
1760                           },
1761 #endif
1762 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBHDFS
1763                           { .ival = "libhdfs",
1764                             .help = "Hadoop Distributed Filesystem (HDFS) engine"
1765                           },
1766 #endif
1767 #ifdef CONFIG_PMEMBLK
1768                           { .ival = "pmemblk",
1769                             .help = "NVML libpmemblk based IO engine",
1770                           },
1771
1772 #endif
1773 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_DEVDAX
1774                           { .ival = "dev-dax",
1775                             .help = "DAX Device based IO engine",
1776                           },
1777 #endif
1778                           { .ival = "external",
1779                             .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
1780                           },
1781                 },
1782         },
1783         {
1784                 .name   = "iodepth",
1785                 .lname  = "IO Depth",
1786                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1787                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth),
1788                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to keep in flight",
1789                 .minval = 1,
1790                 .interval = 1,
1791                 .def    = "1",
1792                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1793                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1794         },
1795         {
1796                 .name   = "iodepth_batch",
1797                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch",
1798                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_submit",
1799                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1800                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_batch),
1801                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
1802                 .parent = "iodepth",
1803                 .hide   = 1,
1804                 .interval = 1,
1805                 .def    = "1",
1806                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1807                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1808         },
1809         {
1810                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete_min",
1811                 .lname  = "Min IO depth batch complete",
1812                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_complete",
1813                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1814                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_batch_complete_min),
1815                 .help   = "Min number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
1816                 .parent = "iodepth",
1817                 .hide   = 1,
1818                 .minval = 0,
1819                 .interval = 1,
1820                 .def    = "1",
1821                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1822                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1823         },
1824         {
1825                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete_max",
1826                 .lname  = "Max IO depth batch complete",
1827                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1828                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_batch_complete_max),
1829                 .help   = "Max number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
1830                 .parent = "iodepth",
1831                 .hide   = 1,
1832                 .minval = 0,
1833                 .interval = 1,
1834                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1835                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1836         },
1837         {
1838                 .name   = "iodepth_low",
1839                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch low",
1840                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1841                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_low),
1842                 .help   = "Low water mark for queuing depth",
1843                 .parent = "iodepth",
1844                 .hide   = 1,
1845                 .interval = 1,
1846                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1847                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1848         },
1849         {
1850                 .name   = "io_submit_mode",
1851                 .lname  = "IO submit mode",
1852                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1853                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, io_submit_mode),
1854                 .help   = "How IO submissions and completions are done",
1855                 .def    = "inline",
1856                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1857                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1858                 .posval = {
1859                           { .ival = "inline",
1860                             .oval = IO_MODE_INLINE,
1861                             .help = "Submit and complete IO inline",
1862                           },
1863                           { .ival = "offload",
1864                             .oval = IO_MODE_OFFLOAD,
1865                             .help = "Offload submit and complete to threads",
1866                           },
1867                 },
1868         },
1869         {
1870                 .name   = "size",
1871                 .lname  = "Size",
1872                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1873                 .cb     = str_size_cb,
1874                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, size),
1875                 .help   = "Total size of device or files",
1876                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1877                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1878                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1879         },
1880         {
1881                 .name   = "io_size",
1882                 .alias  = "io_limit",
1883                 .lname  = "IO Size",
1884                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1885                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, io_limit),
1886                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1887                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1888                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1889         },
1890         {
1891                 .name   = "fill_device",
1892                 .lname  = "Fill device",
1893                 .alias  = "fill_fs",
1894                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1895                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fill_device),
1896                 .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
1897                 .def    = "0",
1898                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1899                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1900         },
1901         {
1902                 .name   = "filesize",
1903                 .lname  = "File size",
1904                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1905                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, file_size_low),
1906                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, file_size_high),
1907                 .minval = 1,
1908                 .help   = "Size of individual files",
1909                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1910                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1911                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1912         },
1913         {
1914                 .name   = "file_append",
1915                 .lname  = "File append",
1916                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1917                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, file_append),
1918                 .help   = "IO will start at the end of the file(s)",
1919                 .def    = "0",
1920                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1921                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1922         },
1923         {
1924                 .name   = "offset",
1925                 .lname  = "IO offset",
1926                 .alias  = "fileoffset",
1927                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1928                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, start_offset),
1929                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset",
1930                 .def    = "0",
1931                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1932                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1933                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1934         },
1935         {
1936                 .name   = "offset_increment",
1937                 .lname  = "IO offset increment",
1938                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1939                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, offset_increment),
1940                 .help   = "What is the increment from one offset to the next",
1941                 .parent = "offset",
1942                 .hide   = 1,
1943                 .def    = "0",
1944                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1945                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1946                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1947         },
1948         {
1949                 .name   = "number_ios",
1950                 .lname  = "Number of IOs to perform",
1951                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1952                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, number_ios),
1953                 .help   = "Force job completion after this number of IOs",
1954                 .def    = "0",
1955                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1956                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1957         },
1958         {
1959                 .name   = "bs",
1960                 .lname  = "Block size",
1961                 .alias  = "blocksize",
1962                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1963                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bs[DDIR_READ]),
1964                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1965                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1966                 .minval = 1,
1967                 .help   = "Block size unit",
1968                 .def    = "4k",
1969                 .parent = "rw",
1970                 .hide   = 1,
1971                 .interval = 512,
1972                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1973                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1974         },
1975         {
1976                 .name   = "ba",
1977                 .lname  = "Block size align",
1978                 .alias  = "blockalign",
1979                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1980                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ba[DDIR_READ]),
1981                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
1982                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ba[DDIR_TRIM]),
1983                 .minval = 1,
1984                 .help   = "IO block offset alignment",
1985                 .parent = "rw",
1986                 .hide   = 1,
1987                 .interval = 512,
1988                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1989                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1990         },
1991         {
1992                 .name   = "bsrange",
1993                 .lname  = "Block size range",
1994                 .alias  = "blocksize_range",
1995                 .type   = FIO_OPT_RANGE,
1996                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1997                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1998                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1999                 .off4   = offsetof(struct thread_options, max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
2000                 .off5   = offsetof(struct thread_options, min_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
2001                 .off6   = offsetof(struct thread_options, max_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
2002                 .minval = 1,
2003                 .help   = "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
2004                 .parent = "rw",
2005                 .hide   = 1,
2006                 .interval = 4096,
2007                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2008                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2009         },
2010         {
2011                 .name   = "bssplit",
2012                 .lname  = "Block size split",
2013                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2014                 .cb     = str_bssplit_cb,
2015                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bssplit),
2016                 .help   = "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
2017                 .parent = "rw",
2018                 .hide   = 1,
2019                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2020                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2021         },
2022         {
2023                 .name   = "bs_unaligned",
2024                 .lname  = "Block size unaligned",
2025                 .alias  = "blocksize_unaligned",
2026                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2027                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bs_unaligned),
2028                 .help   = "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
2029                 .parent = "rw",
2030                 .hide   = 1,
2031                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2032                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2033         },
2034         {
2035                 .name   = "bs_is_seq_rand",
2036                 .lname  = "Block size division is seq/random (not read/write)",
2037                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2038                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bs_is_seq_rand),
2039                 .help   = "Consider any blocksize setting to be sequential,random",
2040                 .def    = "0",
2041                 .parent = "blocksize",
2042                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2043                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2044         },
2045         {
2046                 .name   = "randrepeat",
2047                 .lname  = "Random repeatable",
2048                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2049                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rand_repeatable),
2050                 .help   = "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
2051                 .def    = "1",
2052                 .parent = "rw",
2053                 .hide   = 1,
2054                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2055                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2056         },
2057         {
2058                 .name   = "randseed",
2059                 .lname  = "The random generator seed",
2060                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2061                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rand_seed),
2062                 .help   = "Set the random generator seed value",
2063                 .def    = "0x89",
2064                 .parent = "rw",
2065                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2066                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2067         },
2068         {
2069                 .name   = "use_os_rand",
2070                 .lname  = "Use OS random",
2071                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
2072                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, dep_use_os_rand),
2073                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2074                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2075         },
2076         {
2077                 .name   = "norandommap",
2078                 .lname  = "No randommap",
2079                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2080                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, norandommap),
2081                 .help   = "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
2082                 .parent = "rw",
2083                 .hide   = 1,
2084                 .hide_on_set = 1,
2085                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2086                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2087         },
2088         {
2089                 .name   = "softrandommap",
2090                 .lname  = "Soft randommap",
2091                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2092                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, softrandommap),
2093                 .help   = "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
2094                 .parent = "norandommap",
2095                 .hide   = 1,
2096                 .def    = "0",
2097                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2098                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2099         },
2100         {
2101                 .name   = "random_generator",
2102                 .lname  = "Random Generator",
2103                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2104                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, random_generator),
2105                 .help   = "Type of random number generator to use",
2106                 .def    = "tausworthe",
2107                 .posval = {
2108                           { .ival = "tausworthe",
2109                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_TAUSWORTHE,
2110                             .help = "Strong Tausworthe generator",
2111                           },
2112                           { .ival = "lfsr",
2113                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_LFSR,
2114                             .help = "Variable length LFSR",
2115                           },
2116                           {
2117                             .ival = "tausworthe64",
2118                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_TAUSWORTHE64,
2119                             .help = "64-bit Tausworthe variant",
2120                           },
2121                 },
2122                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2123                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2124         },
2125         {
2126                 .name   = "random_distribution",
2127                 .lname  = "Random Distribution",
2128                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2129                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, random_distribution),
2130                 .cb     = str_random_distribution_cb,
2131                 .help   = "Random offset distribution generator",
2132                 .def    = "random",
2133                 .posval = {
2134                           { .ival = "random",
2135                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_RANDOM,
2136                             .help = "Completely random",
2137                           },
2138                           { .ival = "zipf",
2139                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF,
2140                             .help = "Zipf distribution",
2141                           },
2142                           { .ival = "pareto",
2143                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO,
2144                             .help = "Pareto distribution",
2145                           },
2146                           { .ival = "normal",
2147                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_GAUSS,
2148                             .help = "Normal (Gaussian) distribution",
2149                           },
2150                           { .ival = "zoned",
2151                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZONED,
2152                             .help = "Zoned random distribution",
2153                           },
2154
2155                 },
2156                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2157                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2158         },
2159         {
2160                 .name   = "percentage_random",
2161                 .lname  = "Percentage Random",
2162                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2163                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, perc_rand[DDIR_READ]),
2164                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, perc_rand[DDIR_WRITE]),
2165                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, perc_rand[DDIR_TRIM]),
2166                 .maxval = 100,
2167                 .help   = "Percentage of seq/random mix that should be random",
2168                 .def    = "100,100,100",
2169                 .interval = 5,
2170                 .inverse = "percentage_sequential",
2171                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2172                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2173         },
2174         {
2175                 .name   = "percentage_sequential",
2176                 .lname  = "Percentage Sequential",
2177                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
2178                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2179                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2180         },
2181         {
2182                 .name   = "allrandrepeat",
2183                 .lname  = "All Random Repeat",
2184                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2185                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, allrand_repeatable),
2186                 .help   = "Use repeatable random numbers for everything",
2187                 .def    = "0",
2188                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2189                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2190         },
2191         {
2192                 .name   = "nrfiles",
2193                 .lname  = "Number of files",
2194                 .alias  = "nr_files",
2195                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2196                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, nr_files),
2197                 .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
2198                 .def    = "1",
2199                 .interval = 1,
2200                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2201                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2202         },
2203         {
2204                 .name   = "openfiles",
2205                 .lname  = "Number of open files",
2206                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2207                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, open_files),
2208                 .help   = "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
2209                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2210                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2211         },
2212         {
2213                 .name   = "file_service_type",
2214                 .lname  = "File service type",
2215                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2216                 .cb     = str_fst_cb,
2217                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, file_service_type),
2218                 .help   = "How to select which file to service next",
2219                 .def    = "roundrobin",
2220                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2221                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2222                 .posval = {
2223                           { .ival = "random",
2224                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
2225                             .help = "Choose a file at random (uniform)",
2226                           },
2227                           { .ival = "zipf",
2228                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_ZIPF,
2229                             .help = "Zipf randomized",
2230                           },
2231                           { .ival = "pareto",
2232                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_PARETO,
2233                             .help = "Pareto randomized",
2234                           },
2235                           { .ival = "gauss",
2236                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS,
2237                             .help = "Normal (gaussian) distribution",
2238                           },
2239                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
2240                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
2241                             .help = "Round robin select files",
2242                           },
2243                           { .ival = "sequential",
2244                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
2245                             .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
2246                           },
2247                 },
2248                 .parent = "nrfiles",
2249                 .hide   = 1,
2250         },
2251 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE
2252         {
2253                 .name   = "fallocate",
2254                 .lname  = "Fallocate",
2255                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2256                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fallocate_mode),
2257                 .help   = "Whether pre-allocation is performed when laying out files",
2258                 .def    = "posix",
2259                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2260                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2261                 .posval = {
2262                           { .ival = "none",
2263                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
2264                             .help = "Do not pre-allocate space",
2265                           },
2266                           { .ival = "posix",
2267                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
2268                             .help = "Use posix_fallocate()",
2269                           },
2270 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
2271                           { .ival = "keep",
2272                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_KEEP_SIZE,
2273                             .help = "Use fallocate(..., FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE, ...)",
2274                           },
2275 #endif
2276                           /* Compatibility with former boolean values */
2277                           { .ival = "0",
2278                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
2279                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
2280                           },
2281                           { .ival = "1",
2282                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
2283                             .help = "Alias for 'posix'",
2284                           },
2285                 },
2286         },
2287 #else   /* CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE */
2288         {
2289                 .name   = "fallocate",
2290                 .lname  = "Fallocate",
2291                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2292                 .help   = "Your platform does not support fallocate",
2293         },
2294 #endif /* CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE */
2295         {
2296                 .name   = "fadvise_hint",
2297                 .lname  = "Fadvise hint",
2298                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2299                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fadvise_hint),
2300                 .posval = {
2301                           { .ival = "0",
2302                             .oval = F_ADV_NONE,
2303                             .help = "Don't issue fadvise",
2304                           },
2305                           { .ival = "1",
2306                             .oval = F_ADV_TYPE,
2307                             .help = "Advise using fio IO pattern",
2308                           },
2309                           { .ival = "random",
2310                             .oval = F_ADV_RANDOM,
2311                             .help = "Advise using FADV_RANDOM",
2312                           },
2313                           { .ival = "sequential",
2314                             .oval = F_ADV_SEQUENTIAL,
2315                             .help = "Advise using FADV_SEQUENTIAL",
2316                           },
2317                 },
2318                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
2319                 .def    = "1",
2320                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2321                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2322         },
2323 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_STREAMID
2324         {
2325                 .name   = "fadvise_stream",
2326                 .lname  = "Fadvise stream",
2327                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2328                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fadvise_stream),
2329                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to set stream ID",
2330                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2331                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2332         },
2333 #else
2334         {
2335                 .name   = "fadvise_stream",
2336                 .lname  = "Fadvise stream",
2337                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2338                 .help   = "Your platform does not support fadvise stream ID",
2339         },
2340 #endif
2341         {
2342                 .name   = "fsync",
2343                 .lname  = "Fsync",
2344                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2345                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fsync_blocks),
2346                 .help   = "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
2347                 .def    = "0",
2348                 .interval = 1,
2349                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2350                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2351         },
2352         {
2353                 .name   = "fdatasync",
2354                 .lname  = "Fdatasync",
2355                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2356                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fdatasync_blocks),
2357                 .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
2358                 .def    = "0",
2359                 .interval = 1,
2360                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2361                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2362         },
2363         {
2364                 .name   = "write_barrier",
2365                 .lname  = "Write barrier",
2366                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2367                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, barrier_blocks),
2368                 .help   = "Make every Nth write a barrier write",
2369                 .def    = "0",
2370                 .interval = 1,
2371                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2372                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2373         },
2374 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
2375         {
2376                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
2377                 .lname  = "Sync file range",
2378                 .posval = {
2379                           { .ival = "wait_before",
2380                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
2381                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
2382                             .orval  = 1,
2383                           },
2384                           { .ival = "write",
2385                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
2386                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
2387                             .orval  = 1,
2388                           },
2389                           {
2390                             .ival = "wait_after",
2391                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
2392                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
2393                             .orval  = 1,
2394                           },
2395                 },
2396                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_MULTI,
2397                 .cb     = str_sfr_cb,
2398                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, sync_file_range),
2399                 .help   = "Use sync_file_range()",
2400                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2401                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2402         },
2403 #else
2404         {
2405                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
2406                 .lname  = "Sync file range",
2407                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2408                 .help   = "Your platform does not support sync_file_range",
2409         },
2410 #endif
2411         {
2412                 .name   = "direct",
2413                 .lname  = "Direct I/O",
2414                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2415                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, odirect),
2416                 .help   = "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
2417                 .def    = "0",
2418                 .inverse = "buffered",
2419                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2420                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2421         },
2422         {
2423                 .name   = "atomic",
2424                 .lname  = "Atomic I/O",
2425                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2426                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, oatomic),
2427                 .help   = "Use Atomic IO with O_DIRECT (implies O_DIRECT)",
2428                 .def    = "0",
2429                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2430                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2431         },
2432         {
2433                 .name   = "buffered",
2434                 .lname  = "Buffered I/O",
2435                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2436                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, odirect),
2437                 .neg    = 1,
2438                 .help   = "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
2439                 .def    = "1",
2440                 .inverse = "direct",
2441                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2442                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2443         },
2444         {
2445                 .name   = "overwrite",
2446                 .lname  = "Overwrite",
2447                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2448                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, overwrite),
2449                 .help   = "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
2450                 .def    = "0",
2451                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2452                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2453         },
2454         {
2455                 .name   = "loops",
2456                 .lname  = "Loops",
2457                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2458                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, loops),
2459                 .help   = "Number of times to run the job",
2460                 .def    = "1",
2461                 .interval = 1,
2462                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2463                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2464         },
2465         {
2466                 .name   = "numjobs",
2467                 .lname  = "Number of jobs",
2468                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2469                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, numjobs),
2470                 .help   = "Duplicate this job this many times",
2471                 .def    = "1",
2472                 .interval = 1,
2473                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2474                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2475         },
2476         {
2477                 .name   = "startdelay",
2478                 .lname  = "Start delay",
2479                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2480                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, start_delay),
2481                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, start_delay_high),
2482                 .help   = "Only start job when this period has passed",
2483                 .def    = "0",
2484                 .is_seconds = 1,
2485                 .is_time = 1,
2486                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2487                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2488         },
2489         {
2490                 .name   = "runtime",
2491                 .lname  = "Runtime",
2492                 .alias  = "timeout",
2493                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2494                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, timeout),
2495                 .help   = "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
2496                 .def    = "0",
2497                 .is_seconds = 1,
2498                 .is_time = 1,
2499                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2500                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2501         },
2502         {
2503                 .name   = "time_based",
2504                 .lname  = "Time based",
2505                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2506                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, time_based),
2507                 .help   = "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
2508                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2509                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2510         },
2511         {
2512                 .name   = "verify_only",
2513                 .lname  = "Verify only",
2514                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2515                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_only),
2516                 .help   = "Verifies previously written data is still valid",
2517                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2518                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2519         },
2520         {
2521                 .name   = "ramp_time",
2522                 .lname  = "Ramp time",
2523                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2524                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ramp_time),
2525                 .help   = "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
2526                 .is_seconds = 1,
2527                 .is_time = 1,
2528                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2529                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2530         },
2531         {
2532                 .name   = "clocksource",
2533                 .lname  = "Clock source",
2534                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2535                 .cb     = fio_clock_source_cb,
2536                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, clocksource),
2537                 .help   = "What type of timing source to use",
2538                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2539                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
2540                 .posval = {
2541 #ifdef CONFIG_GETTIMEOFDAY
2542                           { .ival = "gettimeofday",
2543                             .oval = CS_GTOD,
2544                             .help = "Use gettimeofday(2) for timing",
2545                           },
2546 #endif
2547 #ifdef CONFIG_CLOCK_GETTIME
2548                           { .ival = "clock_gettime",
2549                             .oval = CS_CGETTIME,
2550                             .help = "Use clock_gettime(2) for timing",
2551                           },
2552 #endif
2553 #ifdef ARCH_HAVE_CPU_CLOCK
2554                           { .ival = "cpu",
2555                             .oval = CS_CPUCLOCK,
2556                             .help = "Use CPU private clock",
2557                           },
2558 #endif
2559                 },
2560         },
2561         {
2562                 .name   = "mem",
2563                 .alias  = "iomem",
2564                 .lname  = "I/O Memory",
2565                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2566                 .cb     = str_mem_cb,
2567                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, mem_type),
2568                 .help   = "Backing type for IO buffers",
2569                 .def    = "malloc",
2570                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2571                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2572                 .posval = {
2573                           { .ival = "malloc",
2574                             .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
2575                             .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
2576                           },
2577 #ifndef CONFIG_NO_SHM
2578                           { .ival = "shm",
2579                             .oval = MEM_SHM,
2580                             .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
2581                           },
2582 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2583                           { .ival = "shmhuge",
2584                             .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
2585                             .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
2586                           },
2587 #endif
2588 #endif
2589                           { .ival = "mmap",
2590                             .oval = MEM_MMAP,
2591                             .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
2592                           },
2593                           { .ival = "mmapshared",
2594                             .oval = MEM_MMAPSHARED,
2595                             .help = "Like mmap, but use the shared flag",
2596                           },
2597 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2598                           { .ival = "mmaphuge",
2599                             .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
2600                             .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
2601                           },
2602 #endif
2603                   },
2604         },
2605         {
2606                 .name   = "iomem_align",
2607                 .alias  = "mem_align",
2608                 .lname  = "I/O memory alignment",
2609                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2610                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, mem_align),
2611                 .minval = 0,
2612                 .help   = "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
2613                 .def    = "0",
2614                 .parent = "iomem",
2615                 .hide   = 1,
2616                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2617                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2618         },
2619         {
2620                 .name   = "verify",
2621                 .lname  = "Verify",
2622                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2623                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify),
2624                 .help   = "Verify data written",
2625                 .def    = "0",
2626                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2627                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2628                 .posval = {
2629                           { .ival = "0",
2630                             .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
2631                             .help = "Don't do IO verification",
2632                           },
2633                           { .ival = "md5",
2634                             .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
2635                             .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
2636                           },
2637                           { .ival = "crc64",
2638                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
2639                             .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
2640                           },
2641                           { .ival = "crc32",
2642                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
2643                             .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
2644                           },
2645                           { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
2646                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2647                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2648                           },
2649                           { .ival = "crc32c",
2650                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2651                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2652                           },
2653                           { .ival = "crc16",
2654                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
2655                             .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
2656                           },
2657                           { .ival = "crc7",
2658                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
2659                             .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
2660                           },
2661                           { .ival = "sha1",
2662                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
2663                             .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
2664                           },
2665                           { .ival = "sha256",
2666                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
2667                             .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
2668                           },
2669                           { .ival = "sha512",
2670                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
2671                             .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
2672                           },
2673                           { .ival = "xxhash",
2674                             .oval = VERIFY_XXHASH,
2675                             .help = "Use xxhash checksums for verification",
2676                           },
2677                           /* Meta information was included into verify_header,
2678                            * 'meta' verification is implied by default. */
2679                           { .ival = "meta",
2680                             .oval = VERIFY_HDR_ONLY,
2681                             .help = "Use io information for verification. "
2682                                     "Now is implied by default, thus option is obsolete, "
2683                                     "don't use it",
2684                           },
2685                           { .ival = "pattern",
2686                             .oval = VERIFY_PATTERN_NO_HDR,
2687                             .help = "Verify strict pattern",
2688                           },
2689                           {
2690                             .ival = "null",
2691                             .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
2692                             .help = "Pretend to verify",
2693                           },
2694                 },
2695         },
2696         {
2697                 .name   = "do_verify",
2698                 .lname  = "Perform verify step",
2699                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2700                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, do_verify),
2701                 .help   = "Run verification stage after write",
2702                 .def    = "1",
2703                 .parent = "verify",
2704                 .hide   = 1,
2705                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2706                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2707         },
2708         {
2709                 .name   = "verifysort",
2710                 .lname  = "Verify sort",
2711                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2712                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verifysort),
2713                 .help   = "Sort written verify blocks for read back",
2714                 .def    = "1",
2715                 .parent = "verify",
2716                 .hide   = 1,
2717                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2718                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2719         },
2720         {
2721                 .name   = "verifysort_nr",
2722                 .lname  = "Verify Sort Nr",
2723                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2724                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verifysort_nr),
2725                 .help   = "Pre-load and sort verify blocks for a read workload",
2726                 .minval = 0,
2727                 .maxval = 131072,
2728                 .def    = "1024",
2729                 .parent = "verify",
2730                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2731                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2732         },
2733         {
2734                 .name   = "verify_interval",
2735                 .lname  = "Verify interval",
2736                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2737                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_interval),
2738                 .minval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2739                 .help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
2740                 .parent = "verify",
2741                 .hide   = 1,
2742                 .interval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2743                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2744                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2745         },
2746         {
2747                 .name   = "verify_offset",
2748                 .lname  = "Verify offset",
2749                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2750                 .help   = "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
2751                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_offset),
2752                 .minval = sizeof(struct verify_header),
2753                 .parent = "verify",
2754                 .hide   = 1,
2755                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2756                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2757         },
2758         {
2759                 .name   = "verify_pattern",
2760                 .lname  = "Verify pattern",
2761                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2762                 .cb     = str_verify_pattern_cb,
2763                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_pattern),
2764                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
2765                 .parent = "verify",
2766                 .hide   = 1,
2767                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2768                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2769         },
2770         {
2771                 .name   = "verify_fatal",
2772                 .lname  = "Verify fatal",
2773                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2774                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_fatal),
2775                 .def    = "0",
2776                 .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
2777                 .parent = "verify",
2778                 .hide   = 1,
2779                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2780                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2781         },
2782         {
2783                 .name   = "verify_dump",
2784                 .lname  = "Verify dump",
2785                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2786                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_dump),
2787                 .def    = "0",
2788                 .help   = "Dump contents of good and bad blocks on failure",
2789                 .parent = "verify",
2790                 .hide   = 1,
2791                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2792                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2793         },
2794         {
2795                 .name   = "verify_async",
2796                 .lname  = "Verify asynchronously",
2797                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2798                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_async),
2799                 .def    = "0",
2800                 .help   = "Number of async verifier threads to use",
2801                 .parent = "verify",
2802                 .hide   = 1,
2803                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2804                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2805         },
2806         {
2807                 .name   = "verify_backlog",
2808                 .lname  = "Verify backlog",
2809                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2810                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_backlog),
2811                 .help   = "Verify after this number of blocks are written",
2812                 .parent = "verify",
2813                 .hide   = 1,
2814                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2815                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2816         },
2817         {
2818                 .name   = "verify_backlog_batch",
2819                 .lname  = "Verify backlog batch",
2820                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2821                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_batch),
2822                 .help   = "Verify this number of IO blocks",
2823                 .parent = "verify",
2824                 .hide   = 1,
2825                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2826                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2827         },
2828 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
2829         {
2830                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
2831                 .lname  = "Async verify CPUs",
2832                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2833                 .cb     = str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
2834                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_cpumask),
2835                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
2836                 .parent = "verify_async",
2837                 .hide   = 1,
2838                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2839                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2840         },
2841 #else
2842         {
2843                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
2844                 .lname  = "Async verify CPUs",
2845                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2846                 .help   = "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
2847         },
2848 #endif
2849         {
2850                 .name   = "experimental_verify",
2851                 .lname  = "Experimental Verify",
2852                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, experimental_verify),
2853                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2854                 .help   = "Enable experimental verification",
2855                 .parent = "verify",
2856                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2857                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2858         },
2859         {
2860                 .name   = "verify_state_load",
2861                 .lname  = "Load verify state",
2862                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_state),
2863                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2864                 .help   = "Load verify termination state",
2865                 .parent = "verify",
2866                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2867                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2868         },
2869         {
2870                 .name   = "verify_state_save",
2871                 .lname  = "Save verify state",
2872                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_state_save),
2873                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2874                 .def    = "1",
2875                 .help   = "Save verify state on termination",
2876                 .parent = "verify",
2877                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2878                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2879         },
2880 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_TRIM
2881         {
2882                 .name   = "trim_percentage",
2883                 .lname  = "Trim percentage",
2884                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2885                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_percentage),
2886                 .minval = 0,
2887                 .maxval = 100,
2888                 .help   = "Number of verify blocks to discard/trim",
2889                 .parent = "verify",
2890                 .def    = "0",
2891                 .interval = 1,
2892                 .hide   = 1,
2893                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2894                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2895         },
2896         {
2897                 .name   = "trim_verify_zero",
2898                 .lname  = "Verify trim zero",
2899                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2900                 .help   = "Verify that trim/discarded blocks are returned as zeroes",
2901                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_zero),
2902                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2903                 .hide   = 1,
2904                 .def    = "1",
2905                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2906                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2907         },
2908         {
2909                 .name   = "trim_backlog",
2910                 .lname  = "Trim backlog",
2911                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2912                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_backlog),
2913                 .help   = "Trim after this number of blocks are written",
2914                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2915                 .hide   = 1,
2916                 .interval = 1,
2917                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2918                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2919         },
2920         {
2921                 .name   = "trim_backlog_batch",
2922                 .lname  = "Trim backlog batch",
2923                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2924                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_batch),
2925                 .help   = "Trim this number of IO blocks",
2926                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2927                 .hide   = 1,
2928                 .interval = 1,
2929                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2930                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2931         },
2932 #else
2933         {
2934                 .name   = "trim_percentage",
2935                 .lname  = "Trim percentage",
2936                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2937                 .help   = "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
2938         },
2939         {
2940                 .name   = "trim_verify_zero",
2941                 .lname  = "Verify trim zero",
2942                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2943                 .help   = "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
2944         },
2945         {
2946                 .name   = "trim_backlog",
2947                 .lname  = "Trim backlog",
2948                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2949                 .help   = "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
2950         },
2951         {
2952                 .name   = "trim_backlog_batch",
2953                 .lname  = "Trim backlog batch",
2954                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2955                 .help   = "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
2956         },
2957 #endif
2958         {
2959                 .name   = "write_iolog",
2960                 .lname  = "Write I/O log",
2961                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2962                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, write_iolog_file),
2963                 .help   = "Store IO pattern to file",
2964                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2965                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2966         },
2967         {
2968                 .name   = "read_iolog",
2969                 .lname  = "Read I/O log",
2970                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2971                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, read_iolog_file),
2972                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern from file",
2973                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2974                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2975         },
2976         {
2977                 .name   = "replay_no_stall",
2978                 .lname  = "Don't stall on replay",
2979                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2980                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, no_stall),
2981                 .def    = "0",
2982                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2983                 .hide   = 1,
2984                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern file as fast as possible without stalls",
2985                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2986                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2987         },
2988         {
2989                 .name   = "replay_redirect",
2990                 .lname  = "Redirect device for replay",
2991                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2992                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, replay_redirect),
2993                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2994                 .hide   = 1,
2995                 .help   = "Replay all I/O onto this device, regardless of trace device",
2996                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2997                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2998         },
2999         {
3000                 .name   = "replay_scale",
3001                 .lname  = "Replace offset scale factor",
3002                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3003                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, replay_scale),
3004                 .parent = "read_iolog",
3005                 .def    = "1",
3006                 .help   = "Align offsets to this blocksize",
3007                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3008                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3009         },
3010         {
3011                 .name   = "replay_align",
3012                 .lname  = "Replace alignment",
3013                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3014                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, replay_align),
3015                 .parent = "read_iolog",
3016                 .help   = "Scale offset down by this factor",
3017                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3018                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3019                 .pow2   = 1,
3020         },
3021         {
3022                 .name   = "exec_prerun",
3023                 .lname  = "Pre-execute runnable",
3024                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3025                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, exec_prerun),
3026                 .help   = "Execute this file prior to running job",
3027                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3028                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3029         },
3030         {
3031                 .name   = "exec_postrun",
3032                 .lname  = "Post-execute runnable",
3033                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3034                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, exec_postrun),
3035                 .help   = "Execute this file after running job",
3036                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3037                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3038         },
3039 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
3040         {
3041                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
3042                 .lname  = "I/O scheduler",
3043                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3044                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ioscheduler),
3045                 .help   = "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
3046                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3047                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3048         },
3049 #else
3050         {
3051                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
3052                 .lname  = "I/O scheduler",
3053                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3054                 .help   = "Your platform does not support IO scheduler switching",
3055         },
3056 #endif
3057         {
3058                 .name   = "zonesize",
3059                 .lname  = "Zone size",
3060                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3061                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zone_size),
3062                 .help   = "Amount of data to read per zone",
3063                 .def    = "0",
3064                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3065                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3066                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3067         },
3068         {
3069                 .name   = "zonerange",
3070                 .lname  = "Zone range",
3071                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3072                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zone_range),
3073                 .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
3074                 .def    = "0",
3075                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3076                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3077                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3078         },
3079         {
3080                 .name   = "zoneskip",
3081                 .lname  = "Zone skip",
3082                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3083                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zone_skip),
3084                 .help   = "Space between IO zones",
3085                 .def    = "0",
3086                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3087                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3088                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3089         },
3090         {
3091                 .name   = "lockmem",
3092                 .lname  = "Lock memory",
3093                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3094                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, lockmem),
3095                 .help   = "Lock down this amount of memory (per worker)",
3096                 .def    = "0",
3097                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3098                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3099                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3100         },
3101         {
3102                 .name   = "rwmixread",
3103                 .lname  = "Read/write mix read",
3104                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3105                 .cb     = str_rwmix_read_cb,
3106                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rwmix[DDIR_READ]),
3107                 .maxval = 100,
3108                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
3109                 .def    = "50",
3110                 .interval = 5,
3111                 .inverse = "rwmixwrite",
3112                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3113                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
3114         },
3115         {
3116                 .name   = "rwmixwrite",
3117                 .lname  = "Read/write mix write",
3118                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3119                 .cb     = str_rwmix_write_cb,
3120                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rwmix[DDIR_WRITE]),
3121                 .maxval = 100,
3122                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
3123                 .def    = "50",
3124                 .interval = 5,
3125                 .inverse = "rwmixread",
3126                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3127                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
3128         },
3129         {
3130                 .name   = "rwmixcycle",
3131                 .lname  = "Read/write mix cycle",
3132                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
3133                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3134                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
3135         },
3136         {
3137                 .name   = "nice",
3138                 .lname  = "Nice",
3139                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3140                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, nice),
3141                 .help   = "Set job CPU nice value",
3142                 .minval = -19,
3143                 .maxval = 20,
3144                 .def    = "0",
3145                 .interval = 1,
3146                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3147                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3148         },
3149 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
3150         {
3151                 .name   = "prio",
3152                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority",
3153                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3154                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ioprio),
3155                 .help   = "Set job IO priority value",
3156                 .minval = IOPRIO_MIN_PRIO,
3157                 .maxval = IOPRIO_MAX_PRIO,
3158                 .interval = 1,
3159                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3160                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3161         },
3162 #else
3163         {
3164                 .name   = "prio",
3165                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority",
3166                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3167                 .help   = "Your platform does not support IO priorities",
3168         },
3169 #endif
3170 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO_CLASS
3171 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
3172 #error "FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO_CLASS requires FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO"
3173 #endif
3174         {
3175                 .name   = "prioclass",
3176                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority class",
3177                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3178                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ioprio_class),
3179                 .help   = "Set job IO priority class",
3180                 .minval = IOPRIO_MIN_PRIO_CLASS,
3181                 .maxval = IOPRIO_MAX_PRIO_CLASS,
3182                 .interval = 1,
3183                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3184                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3185         },
3186 #else
3187         {
3188                 .name   = "prioclass",
3189                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority class",
3190                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3191                 .help   = "Your platform does not support IO priority classes",
3192         },
3193 #endif
3194         {
3195                 .name   = "thinktime",
3196                 .lname  = "Thinktime",
3197                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3198                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, thinktime),
3199                 .help   = "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
3200                 .def    = "0",
3201                 .is_time = 1,
3202                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3203                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3204         },
3205         {
3206                 .name   = "thinktime_spin",
3207                 .lname  = "Thinktime spin",
3208                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3209                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, thinktime_spin),
3210                 .help   = "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
3211                 .def    = "0",
3212                 .is_time = 1,
3213                 .parent = "thinktime",
3214                 .hide   = 1,
3215                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3216                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3217         },
3218         {
3219                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks",
3220                 .lname  = "Thinktime blocks",
3221                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3222                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, thinktime_blocks),
3223                 .help   = "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
3224                 .def    = "1",
3225                 .parent = "thinktime",
3226                 .hide   = 1,
3227                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3228                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3229         },
3230         {
3231                 .name   = "rate",
3232                 .lname  = "I/O rate",
3233                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3234                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate[DDIR_READ]),
3235                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate[DDIR_WRITE]),
3236                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate[DDIR_TRIM]),
3237                 .help   = "Set bandwidth rate",
3238                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3239                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3240         },
3241         {
3242                 .name   = "rate_min",
3243                 .alias  = "ratemin",
3244                 .lname  = "I/O min rate",
3245                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3246                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ratemin[DDIR_READ]),
3247                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ratemin[DDIR_WRITE]),
3248                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ratemin[DDIR_TRIM]),
3249                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
3250                 .parent = "rate",
3251                 .hide   = 1,
3252                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3253                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3254         },
3255         {
3256                 .name   = "rate_iops",
3257                 .lname  = "I/O rate IOPS",
3258                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3259                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops[DDIR_READ]),
3260                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops[DDIR_WRITE]),
3261                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops[DDIR_TRIM]),
3262                 .help   = "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
3263                 .hide   = 1,
3264                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3265                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3266         },
3267         {
3268                 .name   = "rate_iops_min",
3269                 .lname  = "I/O min rate IOPS",
3270                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3271                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops_min[DDIR_READ]),
3272                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops_min[DDIR_WRITE]),
3273                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops_min[DDIR_TRIM]),
3274                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shut down",
3275                 .parent = "rate_iops",
3276                 .hide   = 1,
3277                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3278                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3279         },
3280         {
3281                 .name   = "rate_process",
3282                 .lname  = "Rate Process",
3283                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3284                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_process),
3285                 .help   = "What process controls how rated IO is managed",
3286                 .def    = "linear",
3287                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3288                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3289                 .posval = {
3290                           { .ival = "linear",
3291                             .oval = RATE_PROCESS_LINEAR,
3292                             .help = "Linear rate of IO",
3293                           },
3294                           {
3295                             .ival = "poisson",
3296                             .oval = RATE_PROCESS_POISSON,
3297                             .help = "Rate follows Poisson process",
3298                           },
3299                 },
3300                 .parent = "rate",
3301         },
3302         {
3303                 .name   = "rate_cycle",
3304                 .alias  = "ratecycle",
3305                 .lname  = "I/O rate cycle",
3306                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3307                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ratecycle),
3308                 .help   = "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
3309                 .def    = "1000",
3310                 .parent = "rate",
3311                 .hide   = 1,
3312                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3313                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3314         },
3315         {
3316                 .name   = "max_latency",
3317                 .lname  = "Max Latency",
3318                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3319                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, max_latency),
3320                 .help   = "Maximum tolerated IO latency (usec)",
3321                 .is_time = 1,
3322                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3323                 .group = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3324         },
3325         {
3326                 .name   = "latency_target",
3327                 .lname  = "Latency Target (usec)",
3328                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
3329                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, latency_target),
3330                 .help   = "Ramp to max queue depth supporting this latency",
3331                 .is_time = 1,
3332                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3333                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3334         },
3335         {
3336                 .name   = "latency_window",
3337                 .lname  = "Latency Window (usec)",
3338                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
3339                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, latency_window),
3340                 .help   = "Time to sustain latency_target",
3341                 .is_time = 1,
3342                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3343                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3344         },
3345         {
3346                 .name   = "latency_percentile",
3347                 .lname  = "Latency Percentile",
3348                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
3349                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, latency_percentile),
3350                 .help   = "Percentile of IOs must be below latency_target",
3351                 .def    = "100",
3352                 .maxlen = 1,
3353                 .minfp  = 0.0,
3354                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
3355                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3356                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3357         },
3358         {
3359                 .name   = "invalidate",
3360                 .lname  = "Cache invalidate",
3361                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3362                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, invalidate_cache),
3363                 .help   = "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
3364                 .def    = "1",
3365                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3366                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
3367         },
3368         {
3369                 .name   = "sync",
3370                 .lname  = "Synchronous I/O",
3371                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3372                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, sync_io),
3373                 .help   = "Use O_SYNC for buffered writes",
3374                 .def    = "0",
3375                 .parent = "buffered",
3376                 .hide   = 1,
3377                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3378                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
3379         },
3380         {
3381                 .name   = "create_serialize",
3382                 .lname  = "Create serialize",
3383                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3384                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, create_serialize),
3385                 .help   = "Serialize creation of job files",
3386                 .def    = "1",
3387                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3388                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3389         },
3390         {
3391                 .name   = "create_fsync",
3392                 .lname  = "Create fsync",
3393                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3394                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, create_fsync),
3395                 .help   = "fsync file after creation",
3396                 .def    = "1",
3397                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3398                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3399         },
3400         {
3401                 .name   = "create_on_open",
3402                 .lname  = "Create on open",
3403                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3404                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, create_on_open),
3405                 .help   = "Create files when they are opened for IO",
3406                 .def    = "0",
3407                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3408                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3409         },
3410         {
3411                 .name   = "create_only",
3412                 .lname  = "Create Only",
3413                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3414                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, create_only),
3415                 .help   = "Only perform file creation phase",
3416                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3417                 .def    = "0",
3418         },
3419         {
3420                 .name   = "allow_file_create",
3421                 .lname  = "Allow file create",
3422                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3423                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, allow_create),
3424                 .help   = "Permit fio to create files, if they don't exist",
3425                 .def    = "1",
3426                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3427                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
3428         },
3429         {
3430                 .name   = "allow_mounted_write",
3431                 .lname  = "Allow mounted write",
3432                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3433                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, allow_mounted_write),
3434                 .help   = "Allow writes to a mounted partition",
3435                 .def    = "0",
3436                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3437                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
3438         },
3439         {
3440                 .name   = "pre_read",
3441                 .lname  = "Pre-read files",
3442                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3443                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, pre_read),
3444                 .help   = "Pre-read files before starting official testing",
3445                 .def    = "0",
3446                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3447                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3448         },
3449 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
3450         {
3451                 .name   = "cpumask",
3452                 .lname  = "CPU mask",
3453                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3454                 .cb     = str_cpumask_cb,
3455                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cpumask),
3456                 .help   = "CPU affinity mask",
3457                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3458                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3459         },
3460         {
3461                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
3462                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed",
3463                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3464                 .cb     = str_cpus_allowed_cb,
3465                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cpumask),
3466                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed",
3467                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3468                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3469         },
3470         {
3471                 .name   = "cpus_allowed_policy",
3472                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed distribution policy",
3473                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3474                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cpus_allowed_policy),
3475                 .help   = "Distribution policy for cpus_allowed",
3476                 .parent = "cpus_allowed",
3477                 .prio   = 1,
3478                 .posval = {
3479                           { .ival = "shared",
3480                             .oval = FIO_CPUS_SHARED,
3481                             .help = "Mask shared between threads",
3482                           },
3483                           { .ival = "split",
3484                             .oval = FIO_CPUS_SPLIT,
3485                             .help = "Mask split between threads",
3486                           },
3487                 },
3488                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3489                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3490         },
3491 #else
3492         {
3493                 .name   = "cpumask",
3494                 .lname  = "CPU mask",
3495                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3496                 .help   = "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
3497         },
3498         {
3499                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
3500                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed",
3501                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3502                 .help   = "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
3503         },
3504         {
3505                 .name   = "cpus_allowed_policy",
3506                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed distribution policy",
3507                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3508                 .help   = "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
3509         },
3510 #endif
3511 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
3512         {
3513                 .name   = "numa_cpu_nodes",
3514                 .lname  = "NUMA CPU Nodes",
3515                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3516                 .cb     = str_numa_cpunodes_cb,
3517                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, numa_cpunodes),
3518                 .help   = "NUMA CPU nodes bind",
3519                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3520                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3521         },
3522         {
3523                 .name   = "numa_mem_policy",
3524                 .lname  = "NUMA Memory Policy",
3525                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3526                 .cb     = str_numa_mpol_cb,
3527                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, numa_memnodes),
3528                 .help   = "NUMA memory policy setup",
3529                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3530                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3531         },
3532 #else
3533         {
3534                 .name   = "numa_cpu_nodes",
3535                 .lname  = "NUMA CPU Nodes",
3536                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3537                 .help   = "Build fio with libnuma-dev(el) to enable this option",
3538         },
3539         {
3540                 .name   = "numa_mem_policy",
3541                 .lname  = "NUMA Memory Policy",
3542                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3543                 .help   = "Build fio with libnuma-dev(el) to enable this option",
3544         },
3545 #endif
3546         {
3547                 .name   = "end_fsync",
3548                 .lname  = "End fsync",
3549                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3550                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, end_fsync),
3551                 .help   = "Include fsync at the end of job",
3552                 .def    = "0",
3553                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3554                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3555         },
3556         {
3557                 .name   = "fsync_on_close",
3558                 .lname  = "Fsync on close",
3559                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3560                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fsync_on_close),
3561                 .help   = "fsync files on close",
3562                 .def    = "0",
3563                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3564                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3565         },
3566         {
3567                 .name   = "unlink",
3568                 .lname  = "Unlink file",
3569                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3570                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, unlink),
3571                 .help   = "Unlink created files after job has completed",
3572                 .def    = "0",
3573                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3574                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3575         },
3576         {
3577                 .name   = "unlink_each_loop",
3578                 .lname  = "Unlink file after each loop of a job",
3579                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3580                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, unlink_each_loop),
3581                 .help   = "Unlink created files after each loop in a job has completed",
3582                 .def    = "0",
3583                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3584                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3585         },
3586         {
3587                 .name   = "exitall",
3588                 .lname  = "Exit-all on terminate",
3589                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3590                 .cb     = str_exitall_cb,
3591                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
3592                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3593                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3594         },
3595         {
3596                 .name   = "exitall_on_error",
3597                 .lname  = "Exit-all on terminate in error",
3598                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3599                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, exitall_error),
3600                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits in error",
3601                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3602                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3603         },
3604         {
3605                 .name   = "stonewall",
3606                 .lname  = "Wait for previous",
3607                 .alias  = "wait_for_previous",
3608                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3609                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, stonewall),
3610                 .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
3611                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3612                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3613         },
3614         {
3615                 .name   = "new_group",
3616                 .lname  = "New group",
3617                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3618                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, new_group),
3619                 .help   = "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
3620                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3621                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3622         },
3623         {
3624                 .name   = "thread",
3625                 .lname  = "Thread",
3626                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3627                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, use_thread),
3628                 .help   = "Use threads instead of processes",
3629 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_SHM
3630                 .def    = "1",
3631                 .no_warn_def = 1,
3632 #endif
3633                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3634                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3635         },
3636         {
3637                 .name   = "per_job_logs",
3638                 .lname  = "Per Job Logs",
3639                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3640                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, per_job_logs),
3641                 .help   = "Include job number in generated log files or not",
3642                 .def    = "1",
3643                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3644                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3645         },
3646         {
3647                 .name   = "write_bw_log",
3648                 .lname  = "Write bandwidth log",
3649                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3650                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bw_log_file),
3651                 .cb     = str_write_bw_log_cb,
3652                 .help   = "Write log of bandwidth during run",
3653                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3654                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3655         },
3656         {
3657                 .name   = "write_lat_log",
3658                 .lname  = "Write latency log",
3659                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3660                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, lat_log_file),
3661                 .cb     = str_write_lat_log_cb,
3662                 .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
3663                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3664                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3665         },
3666         {
3667                 .name   = "write_iops_log",
3668                 .lname  = "Write IOPS log",
3669                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3670                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iops_log_file),
3671                 .cb     = str_write_iops_log_cb,
3672                 .help   = "Write log of IOPS during run",
3673                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3674                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3675         },
3676         {
3677                 .name   = "log_avg_msec",
3678                 .lname  = "Log averaging (msec)",
3679                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3680                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_avg_msec),
3681                 .help   = "Average bw/iops/lat logs over this period of time",
3682                 .def    = "0",
3683                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3684                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3685         },
3686         {
3687                 .name   = "log_hist_msec",
3688                 .lname  = "Log histograms (msec)",
3689                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3690                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_hist_msec),
3691                 .help   = "Dump completion latency histograms at frequency of this time value",
3692                 .def    = "0",
3693                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3694                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3695         },
3696         {
3697                 .name   = "log_hist_coarseness",
3698                 .lname  = "Histogram logs coarseness",
3699                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3700                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_hist_coarseness),
3701                 .help   = "Integer in range [0,6]. Higher coarseness outputs"
3702                         " fewer histogram bins per sample. The number of bins for"
3703                         " these are [1216, 608, 304, 152, 76, 38, 19] respectively.",
3704                 .def    = "0",
3705                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3706                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3707         },
3708         {
3709                 .name   = "write_hist_log",
3710                 .lname  = "Write latency histogram logs",
3711                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3712                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, hist_log_file),
3713                 .cb     = str_write_hist_log_cb,
3714                 .help   = "Write log of latency histograms during run",
3715                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3716                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3717         },
3718         {
3719                 .name   = "log_max_value",
3720                 .lname  = "Log maximum instead of average",
3721                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3722                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_max),
3723                 .help   = "Log max sample in a window instead of average",
3724                 .def    = "0",
3725                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3726                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3727         },
3728         {
3729                 .name   = "log_offset",
3730                 .lname  = "Log offset of IO",
3731                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3732                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_offset),
3733                 .help   = "Include offset of IO for each log entry",
3734                 .def    = "0",
3735                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3736                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3737         },
3738 #ifdef CONFIG_ZLIB
3739         {
3740                 .name   = "log_compression",
3741                 .lname  = "Log compression",
3742                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3743                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_gz),
3744                 .help   = "Log in compressed chunks of this size",
3745                 .minval = 1024ULL,
3746                 .maxval = 512 * 1024 * 1024ULL,
3747                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3748                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3749         },
3750 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
3751         {
3752                 .name   = "log_compression_cpus",
3753                 .lname  = "Log Compression CPUs",
3754                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3755                 .cb     = str_log_cpus_allowed_cb,
3756                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_gz_cpumask),
3757                 .parent = "log_compression",
3758                 .help   = "Limit log compression to these CPUs",
3759                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3760                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3761         },
3762 #else
3763         {
3764                 .name   = "log_compression_cpus",
3765                 .lname  = "Log Compression CPUs",
3766                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3767                 .help   = "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
3768         },
3769 #endif
3770         {
3771                 .name   = "log_store_compressed",
3772                 .lname  = "Log store compressed",
3773                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3774                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_gz_store),
3775                 .help   = "Store logs in a compressed format",
3776                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3777                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3778         },
3779 #else
3780         {
3781                 .name   = "log_compression",
3782                 .lname  = "Log compression",
3783                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3784                 .help   = "Install libz-dev(el) to get compression support",
3785         },
3786         {
3787                 .name   = "log_store_compressed",
3788                 .lname  = "Log store compressed",
3789                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3790                 .help   = "Install libz-dev(el) to get compression support",
3791         },
3792 #endif
3793         {
3794                 .name = "log_unix_epoch",
3795                 .lname = "Log epoch unix",
3796                 .type = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3797                 .off1 = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_unix_epoch),
3798                 .help = "Use Unix time in log files",
3799                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3800                 .group = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3801         },
3802         {
3803                 .name   = "block_error_percentiles",
3804                 .lname  = "Block error percentiles",
3805                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3806                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, block_error_hist),
3807                 .help   = "Record trim block errors and make a histogram",
3808                 .def    = "0",
3809                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3810                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3811         },
3812         {
3813                 .name   = "bwavgtime",
3814                 .lname  = "Bandwidth average time",
3815                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3816                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bw_avg_time),
3817                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
3818                           " (msec)",
3819                 .def    = "500",
3820                 .parent = "write_bw_log",
3821                 .hide   = 1,
3822                 .interval = 100,
3823                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3824                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3825         },
3826         {
3827                 .name   = "iopsavgtime",
3828                 .lname  = "IOPS average time",
3829                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3830                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iops_avg_time),
3831                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate IOPS (msec)",
3832                 .def    = "500",
3833                 .parent = "write_iops_log",
3834                 .hide   = 1,
3835                 .interval = 100,
3836                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3837                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3838         },
3839         {
3840                 .name   = "group_reporting",
3841                 .lname  = "Group reporting",
3842                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3843                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, group_reporting),
3844                 .help   = "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
3845                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3846                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3847         },
3848         {
3849                 .name   = "zero_buffers",
3850                 .lname  = "Zero I/O buffers",
3851                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3852                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zero_buffers),
3853                 .help   = "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
3854                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3855                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3856         },
3857         {
3858                 .name   = "refill_buffers",
3859                 .lname  = "Refill I/O buffers",
3860                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3861                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, refill_buffers),
3862                 .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
3863                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3864                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3865         },
3866         {
3867                 .name   = "scramble_buffers",
3868                 .lname  = "Scramble I/O buffers",
3869                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3870                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, scramble_buffers),
3871                 .help   = "Slightly scramble buffers on every IO submit",
3872                 .def    = "1",
3873                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3874                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3875         },
3876         {
3877                 .name   = "buffer_pattern",
3878                 .lname  = "Buffer pattern",
3879                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3880                 .cb     = str_buffer_pattern_cb,
3881                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, buffer_pattern),
3882                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
3883                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3884                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3885         },
3886         {
3887                 .name   = "buffer_compress_percentage",
3888                 .lname  = "Buffer compression percentage",
3889                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3890                 .cb     = str_buffer_compress_cb,
3891                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, compress_percentage),
3892                 .maxval = 100,
3893                 .minval = 0,
3894                 .help   = "How compressible the buffer is (approximately)",
3895                 .interval = 5,
3896                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3897                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3898         },
3899         {
3900                 .name   = "buffer_compress_chunk",
3901                 .lname  = "Buffer compression chunk size",
3902                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3903                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, compress_chunk),
3904                 .parent = "buffer_compress_percentage",
3905                 .hide   = 1,
3906                 .help   = "Size of compressible region in buffer",
3907                 .interval = 256,
3908                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3909                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3910         },
3911         {
3912                 .name   = "dedupe_percentage",
3913                 .lname  = "Dedupe percentage",
3914                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3915                 .cb     = str_dedupe_cb,
3916                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, dedupe_percentage),
3917                 .maxval = 100,
3918                 .minval = 0,
3919                 .help   = "Percentage of buffers that are dedupable",
3920                 .interval = 1,
3921                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3922                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3923         },
3924         {
3925                 .name   = "clat_percentiles",
3926                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentiles",
3927                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3928                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, clat_percentiles),
3929                 .help   = "Enable the reporting of completion latency percentiles",
3930                 .def    = "1",
3931                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3932                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3933         },
3934         {
3935                 .name   = "percentile_list",
3936                 .lname  = "Percentile list",
3937                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
3938                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, percentile_list),
3939                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, percentile_precision),
3940                 .help   = "Specify a custom list of percentiles to report for "
3941                           "completion latency and block errors",
3942                 .def    = "1:5:10:20:30:40:50:60:70:80:90:95:99:99.5:99.9:99.95:99.99",
3943                 .maxlen = FIO_IO_U_LIST_MAX_LEN,
3944                 .minfp  = 0.0,
3945                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
3946                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3947                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3948         },
3949
3950 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
3951         {
3952                 .name   = "disk_util",
3953                 .lname  = "Disk utilization",
3954                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3955                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, do_disk_util),
3956                 .help   = "Log disk utilization statistics",
3957                 .def    = "1",
3958                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3959                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3960         },
3961 #else
3962         {
3963                 .name   = "disk_util",
3964                 .lname  = "Disk utilization",
3965                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3966                 .help   = "Your platform does not support disk utilization",
3967         },
3968 #endif
3969         {
3970                 .name   = "gtod_reduce",
3971                 .lname  = "Reduce gettimeofday() calls",
3972                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3973                 .help   = "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
3974                 .cb     = str_gtod_reduce_cb,
3975                 .def    = "0",
3976                 .hide_on_set = 1,
3977                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3978                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3979         },
3980         {
3981                 .name   = "disable_lat",
3982                 .lname  = "Disable all latency stats",
3983                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3984                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_lat),
3985                 .help   = "Disable latency numbers",
3986                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3987                 .hide   = 1,
3988                 .def    = "0",
3989                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3990                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3991         },
3992         {
3993                 .name   = "disable_clat",
3994                 .lname  = "Disable completion latency stats",
3995                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3996                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_clat),
3997                 .help   = "Disable completion latency numbers",
3998                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3999                 .hide   = 1,
4000                 .def    = "0",
4001                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4002                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4003         },
4004         {
4005                 .name   = "disable_slat",
4006                 .lname  = "Disable submission latency stats",
4007                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4008                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_slat),
4009                 .help   = "Disable submission latency numbers",
4010                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
4011                 .hide   = 1,
4012                 .def    = "0",
4013                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4014                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4015         },
4016         {
4017                 .name   = "disable_bw_measurement",
4018                 .alias  = "disable_bw",
4019                 .lname  = "Disable bandwidth stats",
4020                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4021                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_bw),
4022                 .help   = "Disable bandwidth logging",
4023                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
4024                 .hide   = 1,
4025                 .def    = "0",
4026                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4027                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4028         },
4029         {
4030                 .name   = "gtod_cpu",
4031                 .lname  = "Dedicated gettimeofday() CPU",
4032                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4033                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, gtod_cpu),
4034                 .help   = "Set up dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
4035                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
4036                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4037                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
4038         },
4039         {
4040                 .name   = "unified_rw_reporting",
4041                 .lname  = "Unified RW Reporting",
4042                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4043                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, unified_rw_rep),
4044                 .help   = "Unify reporting across data direction",
4045                 .def    = "0",
4046                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4047                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4048         },
4049         {
4050                 .name   = "continue_on_error",
4051                 .lname  = "Continue on error",
4052                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4053                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, continue_on_error),
4054                 .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during IO",
4055                 .def    = "none",
4056                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4057                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
4058                 .posval = {
4059                           { .ival = "none",
4060                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
4061                             .help = "Exit when an error is encountered",
4062                           },
4063                           { .ival = "read",
4064                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ,
4065                             .help = "Continue on read errors only",
4066                           },
4067                           { .ival = "write",
4068                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
4069                             .help = "Continue on write errors only",
4070                           },
4071                           { .ival = "io",
4072                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ | ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
4073                             .help = "Continue on any IO errors",
4074                           },
4075                           { .ival = "verify",
4076                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_VERIFY,
4077                             .help = "Continue on verify errors only",
4078                           },
4079                           { .ival = "all",
4080                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
4081                             .help = "Continue on all io and verify errors",
4082                           },
4083                           { .ival = "0",
4084                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
4085                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
4086                           },
4087                           { .ival = "1",
4088                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
4089                             .help = "Alias for 'all'",
4090                           },
4091                 },
4092         },
4093         {
4094                 .name   = "ignore_error",
4095                 .lname  = "Ignore Error",
4096                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4097                 .cb     = str_ignore_error_cb,
4098                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ignore_error_nr),
4099                 .help   = "Set a specific list of errors to ignore",
4100                 .parent = "rw",
4101                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4102                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
4103         },
4104         {
4105                 .name   = "error_dump",
4106                 .lname  = "Error Dump",
4107                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4108                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, error_dump),
4109                 .def    = "0",
4110                 .help   = "Dump info on each error",
4111                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4112                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
4113         },
4114         {
4115                 .name   = "profile",
4116                 .lname  = "Profile",
4117                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
4118                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, profile),
4119                 .help   = "Select a specific builtin performance test",
4120                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
4121                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4122         },
4123         {
4124                 .name   = "cgroup",
4125                 .lname  = "Cgroup",
4126                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
4127                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cgroup),
4128                 .help   = "Add job to cgroup of this name",
4129                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4130                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
4131         },
4132         {
4133                 .name   = "cgroup_nodelete",
4134                 .lname  = "Cgroup no-delete",
4135                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4136                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cgroup_nodelete),
4137                 .help   = "Do not delete cgroups after job completion",
4138                 .def    = "0",
4139                 .parent = "cgroup",
4140                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4141                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
4142         },
4143         {
4144                 .name   = "cgroup_weight",
4145                 .lname  = "Cgroup weight",
4146                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4147                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cgroup_weight),
4148                 .help   = "Use given weight for cgroup",
4149                 .minval = 100,
4150                 .maxval = 1000,
4151                 .parent = "cgroup",
4152                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4153                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
4154         },
4155         {
4156                 .name   = "uid",
4157                 .lname  = "User ID",
4158                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4159                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, uid),
4160                 .help   = "Run job with this user ID",
4161                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4162                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
4163         },
4164         {
4165                 .name   = "gid",
4166                 .lname  = "Group ID",
4167                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4168                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, gid),
4169                 .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
4170                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4171                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
4172         },
4173         {
4174                 .name   = "kb_base",
4175                 .lname  = "KB Base",
4176                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4177                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, kb_base),
4178                 .prio   = 1,
4179                 .def    = "1024",
4180                 .posval = {
4181                           { .ival = "1024",
4182                             .oval = 1024,
4183                             .help = "Use 1024 as the K base",
4184                           },
4185                           { .ival = "1000",
4186                             .oval = 1000,
4187                             .help = "Use 1000 as the K base",
4188                           },
4189                 },
4190                 .help   = "How many bytes per KB for reporting (1000 or 1024)",
4191                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4192                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4193         },
4194         {
4195                 .name   = "unit_base",
4196                 .lname  = "Base unit for reporting (Bits or Bytes)",
4197                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4198                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, unit_base),
4199                 .prio   = 1,
4200                 .posval = {
4201                           { .ival = "0",
4202                             .oval = 0,
4203                             .help = "Auto-detect",
4204                           },
4205                           { .ival = "8",
4206                             .oval = 8,
4207                             .help = "Normal (byte based)",
4208                           },
4209                           { .ival = "1",
4210                             .oval = 1,
4211                             .help = "Bit based",
4212                           },
4213                 },
4214                 .help   = "Bit multiple of result summary data (8 for byte, 1 for bit)",
4215                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4216                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4217         },
4218         {
4219                 .name   = "hugepage-size",
4220                 .lname  = "Hugepage size",
4221                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4222                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, hugepage_size),
4223                 .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
4224                 .def    = __fio_stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
4225                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
4226                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4227                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4228         },
4229         {
4230                 .name   = "flow_id",
4231                 .lname  = "I/O flow ID",
4232                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4233                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, flow_id),
4234                 .help   = "The flow index ID to use",
4235                 .def    = "0",
4236                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4237                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
4238         },
4239         {
4240                 .name   = "flow",
4241                 .lname  = "I/O flow weight",
4242                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4243                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, flow),
4244                 .help   = "Weight for flow control of this job",
4245                 .parent = "flow_id",
4246                 .hide   = 1,
4247                 .def    = "0",
4248                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4249                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
4250         },
4251         {
4252                 .name   = "flow_watermark",
4253                 .lname  = "I/O flow watermark",
4254                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4255                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, flow_watermark),
4256                 .help   = "High watermark for flow control. This option"
4257                         " should be set to the same value for all threads"
4258                         " with non-zero flow.",
4259                 .parent = "flow_id",
4260                 .hide   = 1,
4261                 .def    = "1024",
4262                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4263                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
4264         },
4265         {
4266                 .name   = "flow_sleep",
4267                 .lname  = "I/O flow sleep",
4268                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4269                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, flow_sleep),
4270                 .help   = "How many microseconds to sleep after being held"
4271                         " back by the flow control mechanism",
4272                 .parent = "flow_id",
4273                 .hide   = 1,
4274                 .def    = "0",
4275                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4276                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
4277         },
4278         {
4279                 .name   = "skip_bad",
4280                 .lname  = "Skip operations against bad blocks",
4281                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4282                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, skip_bad),
4283                 .help   = "Skip operations against known bad blocks.",
4284                 .hide   = 1,
4285                 .def    = "0",
4286                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4287                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_MTD,
4288         },
4289         {
4290                 .name   = "steadystate",
4291                 .lname  = "Steady state threshold",
4292                 .alias  = "ss",
4293                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4294                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ss_state),
4295                 .cb     = str_steadystate_cb,
4296                 .help   = "Define the criterion and limit to judge when a job has reached steady state",
4297                 .def    = "iops_slope:0.01%",
4298                 .posval = {
4299                           { .ival = "iops",
4300                             .oval = FIO_SS_IOPS,
4301                             .help = "maximum mean deviation of IOPS measurements",
4302                           },
4303                           { .ival = "iops_slope",
4304                             .oval = FIO_SS_IOPS_SLOPE,
4305                             .help = "slope calculated from IOPS measurements",
4306                           },
4307                           { .ival = "bw",
4308                             .oval = FIO_SS_BW,
4309                             .help = "maximum mean deviation of bandwidth measurements",
4310                           },
4311                           {
4312                             .ival = "bw_slope",
4313                             .oval = FIO_SS_BW_SLOPE,
4314                             .help = "slope calculated from bandwidth measurements",
4315                           },
4316                 },
4317                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4318                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
4319         },
4320         {
4321                 .name   = "steadystate_duration",
4322                 .lname  = "Steady state duration",
4323                 .alias  = "ss_dur",
4324                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
4325                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ss_dur),
4326                 .help   = "Stop workload upon attaining steady state for specified duration",
4327                 .def    = "0",
4328                 .is_seconds = 1,
4329                 .is_time = 1,
4330                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4331                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
4332         },
4333         {
4334                 .name   = "steadystate_ramp_time",
4335                 .lname  = "Steady state ramp time",
4336                 .alias  = "ss_ramp",
4337                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
4338                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ss_ramp_time),
4339                 .help   = "Delay before initiation of data collection for steady state job termination testing",
4340                 .def    = "0",
4341                 .is_seconds = 1,
4342                 .is_time = 1,
4343                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4344                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
4345         },
4346         {
4347                 .name = NULL,
4348         },
4349 };
4350
4351 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o,
4352                         const char *name, int val)
4353 {
4354         lopt->name = (char *) name;
4355         lopt->val = val;
4356         if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
4357                 lopt->has_arg = optional_argument;
4358         else
4359                 lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
4360 }
4361
4362 static void options_to_lopts(struct fio_option *opts,
4363                               struct option *long_options,
4364                               int i, int option_type)
4365 {
4366         struct fio_option *o = &opts[0];
4367         while (o->name) {
4368                 add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->name, option_type);
4369                 if (o->alias) {
4370                         i++;
4371                         add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->alias, option_type);
4372                 }
4373
4374                 i++;
4375                 o++;
4376                 assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
4377         }
4378 }
4379
4380 void fio_options_set_ioengine_opts(struct option *long_options,
4381                                    struct thread_data *td)
4382 {
4383         unsigned int i;
4384
4385         i = 0;
4386         while (long_options[i].name) {
4387                 if (long_options[i].val == FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE) {
4388                         memset(&long_options[i], 0, sizeof(*long_options));
4389                         break;
4390                 }
4391                 i++;
4392         }
4393
4394         /*
4395          * Just clear out the prior ioengine options.
4396          */
4397         if (!td || !td->eo)
4398                 return;
4399
4400         options_to_lopts(td->io_ops->options, long_options, i,
4401                          FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE);
4402 }
4403
4404 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
4405 {
4406         unsigned int i;
4407
4408         options_init(fio_options);
4409
4410         i = 0;
4411         while (long_options[i].name)
4412                 i++;
4413
4414         options_to_lopts(fio_options, long_options, i, FIO_GETOPT_JOB);
4415 }
4416
4417 struct fio_keyword {
4418         const char *word;
4419         const char *desc;
4420         char *replace;
4421 };
4422
4423 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
4424         {
4425                 .word   = "$pagesize",
4426                 .desc   = "Page size in the system",
4427         },
4428         {
4429                 .word   = "$mb_memory",
4430                 .desc   = "Megabytes of memory online",
4431         },
4432         {
4433                 .word   = "$ncpus",
4434                 .desc   = "Number of CPUs online in the system",
4435         },
4436         {
4437                 .word   = NULL,
4438         },
4439 };
4440
4441 void fio_keywords_exit(void)
4442 {
4443         struct fio_keyword *kw;
4444
4445         kw = &fio_keywords[0];
4446         while (kw->word) {
4447                 free(kw->replace);
4448                 kw->replace = NULL;
4449                 kw++;
4450         }
4451 }
4452
4453 void fio_keywords_init(void)
4454 {
4455         unsigned long long mb_memory;
4456         char buf[128];
4457         long l;
4458
4459         sprintf(buf, "%lu", (unsigned long) page_size);
4460         fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
4461
4462         mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / (1024 * 1024);
4463         sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
4464         fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
4465
4466         l = cpus_online();
4467         sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
4468         fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
4469 }
4470
4471 #define BC_APP          "bc"
4472
4473 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
4474 {
4475         char buf[128], *tmp;
4476         FILE *f;
4477         int ret;
4478
4479         /*
4480          * No math, just return string
4481          */
4482         if ((!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
4483              !strchr(str, '/')) || strchr(str, '\''))
4484                 return str;
4485
4486         /*
4487          * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
4488          */
4489         tmp = strchr(str, '=');
4490         if (!tmp)
4491                 return str;
4492
4493         tmp++;
4494
4495         /*
4496          * Prevent buffer overflows; such a case isn't reasonable anyway
4497          */
4498         if (strlen(str) >= 128 || strlen(tmp) > 100)
4499                 return str;
4500
4501         sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
4502         if (system(buf)) {
4503                 log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
4504                 return NULL;
4505         }
4506
4507         sprintf(buf, "echo '%s' | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
4508         f = popen(buf, "r");
4509         if (!f)
4510                 return NULL;
4511
4512         ret = fread(&buf[tmp - str], 1, 128 - (tmp - str), f);
4513         if (ret <= 0) {
4514                 pclose(f);
4515                 return NULL;
4516         }
4517
4518         pclose(f);
4519         buf[(tmp - str) + ret - 1] = '\0';
4520         memcpy(buf, str, tmp - str);
4521         free(str);
4522         return strdup(buf);
4523 }
4524
4525 /*
4526  * Return a copy of the input string with substrings of the form ${VARNAME}
4527  * substituted with the value of the environment variable VARNAME.  The
4528  * substitution always occurs, even if VARNAME is empty or the corresponding
4529  * environment variable undefined.
4530  */
4531 static char *option_dup_subs(const char *opt)
4532 {
4533         char out[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
4534         char in[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
4535         char *outptr = out;
4536         char *inptr = in;
4537         char *ch1, *ch2, *env;
4538         ssize_t nchr = OPT_LEN_MAX;
4539         size_t envlen;
4540
4541         if (strlen(opt) + 1 > OPT_LEN_MAX) {
4542                 log_err("OPT_LEN_MAX (%d) is too small\n", OPT_LEN_MAX);
4543                 return NULL;
4544         }
4545
4546         in[OPT_LEN_MAX] = '\0';
4547         strncpy(in, opt, OPT_LEN_MAX);
4548
4549         while (*inptr && nchr > 0) {
4550                 if (inptr[0] == '$' && inptr[1] == '{') {
4551                         ch2 = strchr(inptr, '}');
4552                         if (ch2 && inptr+1 < ch2) {
4553                                 ch1 = inptr+2;
4554                                 inptr = ch2+1;
4555                                 *ch2 = '\0';
4556
4557                                 env = getenv(ch1);
4558                                 if (env) {
4559                                         envlen = strlen(env);
4560                                         if (envlen <= nchr) {
4561                                                 memcpy(outptr, env, envlen);
4562                                                 outptr += envlen;
4563                                                 nchr -= envlen;
4564                                         }
4565                                 }
4566
4567                                 continue;
4568                         }
4569                 }
4570
4571                 *outptr++ = *inptr++;
4572                 --nchr;
4573         }
4574
4575         *outptr = '\0';
4576         return strdup(out);
4577 }
4578
4579 /*
4580  * Look for reserved variable names and replace them with real values
4581  */
4582 static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
4583 {
4584         char *s;
4585         int i;
4586         int docalc = 0;
4587
4588         for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
4589                 struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
4590
4591                 while ((s = strstr(opt, kw->word)) != NULL) {
4592                         char *new = malloc(strlen(opt) + 1);
4593                         char *o_org = opt;
4594                         int olen = s - opt;
4595                         int len;
4596
4597                         /*
4598                          * Copy part of the string before the keyword and
4599                          * sprintf() the replacement after it.
4600                          */
4601                         memcpy(new, opt, olen);
4602                         len = sprintf(new + olen, "%s", kw->replace);
4603
4604                         /*
4605                          * If there's more in the original string, copy that
4606                          * in too
4607                          */
4608                         opt += strlen(kw->word) + olen;
4609                         if (strlen(opt))
4610                                 memcpy(new + olen + len, opt, opt - o_org - 1);
4611
4612                         /*
4613                          * replace opt and free the old opt
4614                          */
4615                         opt = new;
4616                         free(o_org);
4617
4618                         docalc = 1;
4619                 }
4620         }
4621
4622         /*
4623          * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
4624          */
4625         if (docalc)
4626                 opt = bc_calc(opt);
4627
4628         return opt;
4629 }
4630
4631 static char **dup_and_sub_options(char **opts, int num_opts)
4632 {
4633         int i;
4634         char **opts_copy = malloc(num_opts * sizeof(*opts));
4635         for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
4636                 opts_copy[i] = option_dup_subs(opts[i]);
4637                 if (!opts_copy[i])
4638                         continue;
4639                 opts_copy[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts_copy[i]);
4640         }
4641         return opts_copy;
4642 }
4643
4644 static void show_closest_option(const char *opt)
4645 {
4646         int best_option, best_distance;
4647         int i, distance;
4648         char *name;
4649
4650         if (!strlen(opt))
4651                 return;
4652
4653         name = strdup(opt);
4654         i = 0;
4655         while (name[i] != '\0' && name[i] != '=')
4656                 i++;
4657         name[i] = '\0';
4658
4659         best_option = -1;
4660         best_distance = INT_MAX;
4661         i = 0;
4662         while (fio_options[i].name) {
4663                 distance = string_distance(name, fio_options[i].name);
4664                 if (distance < best_distance) {
4665                         best_distance = distance;
4666                         best_option = i;
4667                 }
4668                 i++;
4669         }
4670
4671         if (best_option != -1 && string_distance_ok(name, best_distance) &&
4672             fio_options[best_option].type != FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED)
4673                 log_err("Did you mean %s?\n", fio_options[best_option].name);
4674
4675         free(name);
4676 }
4677
4678 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts)
4679 {
4680         int i, ret, unknown;
4681         char **opts_copy;
4682
4683         sort_options(opts, fio_options, num_opts);
4684         opts_copy = dup_and_sub_options(opts, num_opts);
4685
4686         for (ret = 0, i = 0, unknown = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
4687                 struct fio_option *o;
4688                 int newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i], fio_options,
4689                                                 &o, &td->o, &td->opt_list);
4690
4691                 if (!newret && o)
4692                         fio_option_mark_set(&td->o, o);
4693
4694                 if (opts_copy[i]) {
4695                         if (newret && !o) {
4696                                 unknown++;
4697                                 continue;
4698                         }
4699                         free(opts_copy[i]);
4700                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
4701                 }
4702
4703                 ret |= newret;
4704         }
4705
4706         if (unknown) {
4707                 ret |= ioengine_load(td);
4708                 if (td->eo) {
4709                         sort_options(opts_copy, td->io_ops->options, num_opts);
4710                         opts = opts_copy;
4711                 }
4712                 for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
4713                         struct fio_option *o = NULL;
4714                         int newret = 1;
4715
4716                         if (!opts_copy[i])
4717                                 continue;
4718
4719                         if (td->eo)
4720                                 newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i],
4721                                                       td->io_ops->options, &o,
4722                                                       td->eo, &td->opt_list);
4723
4724                         ret |= newret;
4725                         if (!o) {
4726                                 log_err("Bad option <%s>\n", opts[i]);
4727                                 show_closest_option(opts[i]);
4728                         }
4729                         free(opts_copy[i]);
4730                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
4731                 }
4732         }
4733
4734         free(opts_copy);
4735         return ret;
4736 }
4737
4738 int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
4739 {
4740         int ret;
4741
4742         ret = parse_cmd_option(opt, val, fio_options, &td->o, &td->opt_list);
4743         if (!ret) {
4744                 struct fio_option *o;
4745
4746                 o = find_option(fio_options, opt);
4747                 if (o)
4748                         fio_option_mark_set(&td->o, o);
4749         }
4750
4751         return ret;
4752 }
4753
4754 int fio_cmd_ioengine_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt,
4755                                 char *val)
4756 {
4757         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, td->io_ops->options, td->eo,
4758                                         &td->opt_list);
4759 }
4760
4761 void fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data *td)
4762 {
4763         td->o.magic = OPT_MAGIC;
4764         fill_default_options(&td->o, fio_options);
4765 }
4766
4767 int fio_show_option_help(const char *opt)
4768 {
4769         return show_cmd_help(fio_options, opt);
4770 }
4771
4772 void options_mem_dupe(void *data, struct fio_option *options)
4773 {
4774         struct fio_option *o;
4775         char **ptr;
4776
4777         for (o = &options[0]; o->name; o++) {
4778                 if (o->type != FIO_OPT_STR_STORE)
4779                         continue;
4780
4781                 ptr = td_var(data, o, o->off1);
4782                 if (*ptr)
4783                         *ptr = strdup(*ptr);
4784         }
4785 }
4786
4787 /*
4788  * dupe FIO_OPT_STR_STORE options
4789  */
4790 void fio_options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
4791 {
4792         options_mem_dupe(&td->o, fio_options);
4793
4794         if (td->eo && td->io_ops) {
4795                 void *oldeo = td->eo;
4796
4797                 td->eo = malloc(td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
4798                 memcpy(td->eo, oldeo, td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
4799                 options_mem_dupe(td->eo, td->io_ops->options);
4800         }
4801 }
4802
4803 unsigned int fio_get_kb_base(void *data)
4804 {
4805         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
4806         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
4807         unsigned int kb_base = 0;
4808
4809         /*
4810          * This is a hack... For private options, *data is not holding
4811          * a pointer to the thread_options, but to private data. This means
4812          * we can't safely dereference it, but magic is first so mem wise
4813          * it is valid. But this also means that if the job first sets
4814          * kb_base and expects that to be honored by private options,
4815          * it will be disappointed. We will return the global default
4816          * for this.
4817          */
4818         if (o && o->magic == OPT_MAGIC)
4819                 kb_base = o->kb_base;
4820         if (!kb_base)
4821                 kb_base = 1024;
4822
4823         return kb_base;
4824 }
4825
4826 int add_option(struct fio_option *o)
4827 {
4828         struct fio_option *__o;
4829         int opt_index = 0;
4830
4831         __o = fio_options;
4832         while (__o->name) {
4833                 opt_index++;
4834                 __o++;
4835         }
4836
4837         if (opt_index + 1 == FIO_MAX_OPTS) {
4838                 log_err("fio: FIO_MAX_OPTS is too small\n");
4839                 return 1;
4840         }
4841
4842         memcpy(&fio_options[opt_index], o, sizeof(*o));
4843         fio_options[opt_index + 1].name = NULL;
4844         return 0;
4845 }
4846
4847 void invalidate_profile_options(const char *prof_name)
4848 {
4849         struct fio_option *o;
4850
4851         o = fio_options;
4852         while (o->name) {
4853                 if (o->prof_name && !strcmp(o->prof_name, prof_name)) {
4854                         o->type = FIO_OPT_INVALID;
4855                         o->prof_name = NULL;
4856                 }
4857                 o++;
4858         }
4859 }
4860
4861 void add_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival, const char *help)
4862 {
4863         struct fio_option *o;
4864         unsigned int i;
4865
4866         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
4867         if (!o)
4868                 return;
4869
4870         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
4871                 if (o->posval[i].ival)
4872                         continue;
4873
4874                 o->posval[i].ival = ival;
4875                 o->posval[i].help = help;
4876                 break;
4877         }
4878 }
4879
4880 void del_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival)
4881 {
4882         struct fio_option *o;
4883         unsigned int i;
4884
4885         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
4886         if (!o)
4887                 return;
4888
4889         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
4890                 if (!o->posval[i].ival)
4891                         continue;
4892                 if (strcmp(o->posval[i].ival, ival))
4893                         continue;
4894
4895                 o->posval[i].ival = NULL;
4896                 o->posval[i].help = NULL;
4897         }
4898 }
4899
4900 void fio_options_free(struct thread_data *td)
4901 {
4902         options_free(fio_options, &td->o);
4903         if (td->eo && td->io_ops && td->io_ops->options) {
4904                 options_free(td->io_ops->options, td->eo);
4905                 free(td->eo);
4906                 td->eo = NULL;
4907         }
4908 }
4909
4910 struct fio_option *fio_option_find(const char *name)
4911 {
4912         return find_option(fio_options, name);
4913 }
4914
4915 static struct fio_option *find_next_opt(struct thread_options *o,
4916                                         struct fio_option *from,
4917                                         unsigned int off1)
4918 {
4919         struct fio_option *opt;
4920
4921         if (!from)
4922                 from = &fio_options[0];
4923         else
4924                 from++;
4925
4926         opt = NULL;
4927         do {
4928                 if (off1 == from->off1) {
4929                         opt = from;
4930                         break;
4931                 }
4932                 from++;
4933         } while (from->name);
4934
4935         return opt;
4936 }
4937
4938 static int opt_is_set(struct thread_options *o, struct fio_option *opt)
4939 {
4940         unsigned int opt_off, index, offset;
4941
4942         opt_off = opt - &fio_options[0];
4943         index = opt_off / (8 * sizeof(uint64_t));
4944         offset = opt_off & ((8 * sizeof(uint64_t)) - 1);
4945         return (o->set_options[index] & ((uint64_t)1 << offset)) != 0;
4946 }
4947
4948 bool __fio_option_is_set(struct thread_options *o, unsigned int off1)
4949 {
4950         struct fio_option *opt, *next;
4951
4952         next = NULL;
4953         while ((opt = find_next_opt(o, next, off1)) != NULL) {
4954                 if (opt_is_set(o, opt))
4955                         return true;
4956
4957                 next = opt;
4958         }
4959
4960         return false;
4961 }
4962
4963 void fio_option_mark_set(struct thread_options *o, struct fio_option *opt)
4964 {
4965         unsigned int opt_off, index, offset;
4966
4967         opt_off = opt - &fio_options[0];
4968         index = opt_off / (8 * sizeof(uint64_t));
4969         offset = opt_off & ((8 * sizeof(uint64_t)) - 1);
4970         o->set_options[index] |= (uint64_t)1 << offset;
4971 }