options.c

   1 #include <stdio.h>
   2 #include <stdlib.h>
   3 #include <unistd.h>
   4 #include <ctype.h>
   5 #include <string.h>
   6 #include <assert.h>
   7 #include <libgen.h>
   8 #include <fcntl.h>
   9 #include <sys/types.h>
  10 #include <sys/stat.h>
  11 #include <netinet/in.h>
  12
  13 #include "fio.h"
  14 #include "verify.h"
  15 #include "parse.h"
  16 #include "lib/fls.h"
  17 #include "lib/pattern.h"
  18 #include "options.h"
  19 #include "optgroup.h"
  20
  21 char client_sockaddr_str[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN] = { 0 };
  22
  23 struct pattern_fmt_desc fmt_desc[] = {
  24         {
  25                 .fmt   = "%o",
  26                 .len   = FIELD_SIZE(struct io_u *, offset),
  27                 .paste = paste_blockoff
  28         }
  29 };
  30
  31 /*
  32  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
  33  */
  34 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
  35 {
  36         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
  37
  38         if (!p)
  39                 return NULL;
  40
  41         p++;
  42         strip_blank_front(&p);
  43         strip_blank_end(p);
  44         return strdup(p);
  45 }
  46
  47 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  48 {
  49         const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
  50         const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
  51
  52         return (int) bsp1->perc - (int) bsp2->perc;
  53 }
  54
  55 struct split {
  56         unsigned int nr;
  57         unsigned int val1[100];
  58         unsigned int val2[100];
  59 };
  60
  61 static int split_parse_ddir(struct thread_options *o, struct split *split,
  62                             enum fio_ddir ddir, char *str)
  63 {
  64         unsigned int i, perc;
  65         long long val;
  66         char *fname;
  67
  68         split->nr = 0;
  69
  70         i = 0;
  71         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
  72                 char *perc_str;
  73
  74                 if (!strlen(fname))
  75                         break;
  76
  77                 perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
  78                 if (perc_str) {
  79                         *perc_str = '\0';
  80                         perc_str++;
  81                         perc = atoi(perc_str);
  82                         if (perc > 100)
  83                                 perc = 100;
  84                         else if (!perc)
  85                                 perc = -1U;
  86                 } else
  87                         perc = -1U;
  88
  89                 if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, o, 0, 0)) {
  90                         log_err("fio: bssplit conversion failed\n");
  91                         return 1;
  92                 }
  93
  94                 split->val1[i] = val;
  95                 split->val2[i] = perc;
  96                 i++;
  97                 if (i == 100)
  98                         break;
  99         }
 100
 101         split->nr = i;
 102         return 0;
 103 }
 104
 105 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_options *o, enum fio_ddir ddir, char *str)
 106 {
 107         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
 108         unsigned int max_bs, min_bs;
 109         struct split split;
 110
 111         memset(&split, 0, sizeof(split));
 112
 113         if (split_parse_ddir(o, &split, ddir, str))
 114                 return 1;
 115         if (!split.nr)
 116                 return 0;
 117
 118         max_bs = 0;
 119         min_bs = -1;
 120         o->bssplit[ddir] = malloc(split.nr * sizeof(struct bssplit));
 121         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] = split.nr;
 122         for (i = 0; i < split.nr; i++) {
 123                 if (split.val1[i] > max_bs)
 124                         max_bs = split.val1[i];
 125                 if (split.val1[i] < min_bs)
 126                         min_bs = split.val1[i];
 127
 128                 o->bssplit[ddir][i].bs = split.val1[i];
 129                 o->bssplit[ddir][i].perc =split.val2[i];
 130         }
 131
 132         /*
 133          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 134          */
 135         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 136         for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 137                 struct bssplit *bsp = &o->bssplit[ddir][i];
 138
 139                 if (bsp->perc == -1U)
 140                         perc_missing++;
 141                 else
 142                         perc += bsp->perc;
 143         }
 144
 145         if (perc > 100 && perc_missing > 1) {
 146                 log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 147                 free(o->bssplit[ddir]);
 148                 o->bssplit[ddir] = NULL;
 149                 return 1;
 150         }
 151
 152         /*
 153          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 154          * them.
 155          */
 156         if (perc_missing) {
 157                 if (perc_missing == 1 && o->bssplit_nr[ddir] == 1)
 158                         perc = 100;
 159                 for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 160                         struct bssplit *bsp = &o->bssplit[ddir][i];
 161
 162                         if (bsp->perc == -1U)
 163                                 bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 164                 }
 165         }
 166
 167         o->min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
 168         o->max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
 169
 170         /*
 171          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 172          */
 173         qsort(o->bssplit[ddir], o->bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
 174         return 0;
 175 }
 176
 177 typedef int (split_parse_fn)(struct thread_options *, enum fio_ddir, char *);
 178
 179 static int str_split_parse(struct thread_data *td, char *str, split_parse_fn *fn)
 180 {
 181         char *odir, *ddir;
 182         int ret = 0;
 183
 184         odir = strchr(str, ',');
 185         if (odir) {
 186                 ddir = strchr(odir + 1, ',');
 187                 if (ddir) {
 188                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, ddir + 1);
 189                         if (!ret)
 190                                 *ddir = '\0';
 191                 } else {
 192                         char *op;
 193
 194                         op = strdup(odir + 1);
 195                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 196
 197                         free(op);
 198                 }
 199                 if (!ret)
 200                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1);
 201                 if (!ret) {
 202                         *odir = '\0';
 203                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
 204                 }
 205         } else {
 206                 char *op;
 207
 208                 op = strdup(str);
 209                 ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, op);
 210                 free(op);
 211
 212                 if (!ret) {
 213                         op = strdup(str);
 214                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 215                         free(op);
 216                 }
 217                 if (!ret)
 218                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str);
 219         }
 220
 221         return ret;
 222 }
 223
 224 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 225 {
 226         struct thread_data *td = data;
 227         char *str, *p;
 228         int ret = 0;
 229
 230         p = str = strdup(input);
 231
 232         strip_blank_front(&str);
 233         strip_blank_end(str);
 234
 235         ret = str_split_parse(td, str, bssplit_ddir);
 236
 237         if (parse_dryrun()) {
 238                 int i;
 239
 240                 for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
 241                         free(td->o.bssplit[i]);
 242                         td->o.bssplit[i] = NULL;
 243                         td->o.bssplit_nr[i] = 0;
 244                 }
 245         }
 246
 247         free(p);
 248         return ret;
 249 }
 250
 251 static int str2error(char *str)
 252 {
 253         const char *err[] = { "EPERM", "ENOENT", "ESRCH", "EINTR", "EIO",
 254                             "ENXIO", "E2BIG", "ENOEXEC", "EBADF",
 255                             "ECHILD", "EAGAIN", "ENOMEM", "EACCES",
 256                             "EFAULT", "ENOTBLK", "EBUSY", "EEXIST",
 257                             "EXDEV", "ENODEV", "ENOTDIR", "EISDIR",
 258                             "EINVAL", "ENFILE", "EMFILE", "ENOTTY",
 259                             "ETXTBSY","EFBIG", "ENOSPC", "ESPIPE",
 260                             "EROFS","EMLINK", "EPIPE", "EDOM", "ERANGE" };
 261         int i = 0, num = sizeof(err) / sizeof(void *);
 262
 263         while (i < num) {
 264                 if (!strcmp(err[i], str))
 265                         return i + 1;
 266                 i++;
 267         }
 268         return 0;
 269 }
 270
 271 static int ignore_error_type(struct thread_data *td, int etype, char *str)
 272 {
 273         unsigned int i;
 274         int *error;
 275         char *fname;
 276
 277         if (etype >= ERROR_TYPE_CNT) {
 278                 log_err("Illegal error type\n");
 279                 return 1;
 280         }
 281
 282         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = 4;
 283         error = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
 284
 285         i = 0;
 286         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
 287
 288                 if (!strlen(fname))
 289                         break;
 290
 291                 /*
 292                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
 293                  */
 294                 if (i == td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]) {
 295                         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] <<= 1;
 296                         error = realloc(error, td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]
 297                                                   * sizeof(int));
 298                 }
 299                 if (fname[0] == 'E') {
 300                         error[i] = str2error(fname);
 301                 } else {
 302                         error[i] = atoi(fname);
 303                         if (error[i] < 0)
 304                                 error[i] = -error[i];
 305                 }
 306                 if (!error[i]) {
 307                         log_err("Unknown error %s, please use number value \n",
 308                                   fname);
 309                         free(error);
 310                         return 1;
 311                 }
 312                 i++;
 313         }
 314         if (i) {
 315                 td->o.continue_on_error |= 1 << etype;
 316                 td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = i;
 317                 td->o.ignore_error[etype] = error;
 318         } else
 319                 free(error);
 320
 321         return 0;
 322
 323 }
 324
 325 static int str_ignore_error_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 326 {
 327         struct thread_data *td = data;
 328         char *str, *p, *n;
 329         int type = 0, ret = 1;
 330
 331         if (parse_dryrun())
 332                 return 0;
 333
 334         p = str = strdup(input);
 335
 336         strip_blank_front(&str);
 337         strip_blank_end(str);
 338
 339         while (p) {
 340                 n = strchr(p, ',');
 341                 if (n)
 342                         *n++ = '\0';
 343                 ret = ignore_error_type(td, type, p);
 344                 if (ret)
 345                         break;
 346                 p = n;
 347                 type++;
 348         }
 349         free(str);
 350         return ret;
 351 }
 352
 353 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 354 {
 355         struct thread_data *td = data;
 356         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
 357         char *nr;
 358
 359         if (parse_dryrun())
 360                 return 0;
 361
 362         o->ddir_seq_nr = 1;
 363         o->ddir_seq_add = 0;
 364
 365         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 366         if (!nr)
 367                 return 0;
 368
 369         if (td_random(td))
 370                 o->ddir_seq_nr = atoi(nr);
 371         else {
 372                 long long val;
 373
 374                 if (str_to_decimal(nr, &val, 1, o, 0, 0)) {
 375                         log_err("fio: rw postfix parsing failed\n");
 376                         free(nr);
 377                         return 1;
 378                 }
 379
 380                 o->ddir_seq_add = val;
 381         }
 382
 383         free(nr);
 384         return 0;
 385 }
 386
 387 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 388 {
 389         struct thread_data *td = data;
 390
 391         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAP ||
 392             td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPSHARED)
 393                 td->o.mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
 394
 395         return 0;
 396 }
 397
 398 static int fio_clock_source_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 399 {
 400         struct thread_data *td = data;
 401
 402         fio_clock_source = td->o.clocksource;
 403         fio_clock_source_set = 1;
 404         fio_clock_init();
 405         return 0;
 406 }
 407
 408 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 409 {
 410         struct thread_data *td = data;
 411
 412         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
 413         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
 414         return 0;
 415 }
 416
 417 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 418 {
 419         struct thread_data *td = data;
 420
 421         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
 422         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
 423         return 0;
 424 }
 425
 426 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
 427 {
 428         exitall_on_terminate = 1;
 429         return 0;
 430 }
 431
 432 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 433 int fio_cpus_split(os_cpu_mask_t *mask, unsigned int cpu_index)
 434 {
 435         unsigned int i, index, cpus_in_mask;
 436         const long max_cpu = cpus_online();
 437
 438         cpus_in_mask = fio_cpu_count(mask);
 439         cpu_index = cpu_index % cpus_in_mask;
 440
 441         index = 0;
 442         for (i = 0; i < max_cpu; i++) {
 443                 if (!fio_cpu_isset(mask, i))
 444                         continue;
 445
 446                 if (cpu_index != index)
 447                         fio_cpu_clear(mask, i);
 448
 449                 index++;
 450         }
 451
 452         return fio_cpu_count(mask);
 453 }
 454
 455 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 456 {
 457         struct thread_data *td = data;
 458         unsigned int i;
 459         long max_cpu;
 460         int ret;
 461
 462         if (parse_dryrun())
 463                 return 0;
 464
 465         ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
 466         if (ret < 0) {
 467                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 468                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 469                 return 1;
 470         }
 471
 472         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 473
 474         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
 475                 if ((1 << i) & *val) {
 476                         if (i >= max_cpu) {
 477                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
 478                                                                 max_cpu - 1);
 479                                 return 1;
 480                         }
 481                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
 482                         fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
 483                 }
 484         }
 485
 486         return 0;
 487 }
 488
 489 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
 490                             const char *input)
 491 {
 492         char *cpu, *str, *p;
 493         long max_cpu;
 494         int ret = 0;
 495
 496         ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
 497         if (ret < 0) {
 498                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 499                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 500                 return 1;
 501         }
 502
 503         p = str = strdup(input);
 504
 505         strip_blank_front(&str);
 506         strip_blank_end(str);
 507
 508         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 509
 510         while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
 511                 char *str2, *cpu2;
 512                 int icpu, icpu2;
 513
 514                 if (!strlen(cpu))
 515                         break;
 516
 517                 str2 = cpu;
 518                 icpu2 = -1;
 519                 while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
 520                         if (!strlen(cpu2))
 521                                 break;
 522
 523                         icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
 524                 }
 525
 526                 icpu = atoi(cpu);
 527                 if (icpu2 == -1)
 528                         icpu2 = icpu;
 529                 while (icpu <= icpu2) {
 530                         if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
 531                                 log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
 532                                         " %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
 533                                 ret = 1;
 534                                 break;
 535                         }
 536                         if (icpu >= max_cpu) {
 537                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
 538                                                         icpu, max_cpu - 1);
 539                                 ret = 1;
 540                                 break;
 541                         }
 542
 543                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
 544                         fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
 545                         icpu++;
 546                 }
 547                 if (ret)
 548                         break;
 549         }
 550
 551         free(p);
 552         return ret;
 553 }
 554
 555 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 556 {
 557         struct thread_data *td = data;
 558
 559         if (parse_dryrun())
 560                 return 0;
 561
 562         return set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
 563 }
 564
 565 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 566 {
 567         struct thread_data *td = data;
 568
 569         if (parse_dryrun())
 570                 return 0;
 571
 572         return set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
 573 }
 574
 575 #ifdef CONFIG_ZLIB
 576 static int str_log_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 577 {
 578         struct thread_data *td = data;
 579
 580         if (parse_dryrun())
 581                 return 0;
 582
 583         return set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.log_gz_cpumask, input);
 584 }
 585 #endif /* CONFIG_ZLIB */
 586
 587 #endif /* FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY */
 588
 589 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
 590 static int str_numa_cpunodes_cb(void *data, char *input)
 591 {
 592         struct thread_data *td = data;
 593         struct bitmask *verify_bitmask;
 594
 595         if (parse_dryrun())
 596                 return 0;
 597
 598         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 599          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 600          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 601          * numa_free_nodemask().
 602          */
 603         verify_bitmask = numa_parse_nodestring(input);
 604         if (verify_bitmask == NULL) {
 605                 log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 606                 td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_cpunodes_cb");
 607                 return 1;
 608         }
 609         numa_free_nodemask(verify_bitmask);
 610
 611         td->o.numa_cpunodes = strdup(input);
 612         return 0;
 613 }
 614
 615 static int str_numa_mpol_cb(void *data, char *input)
 616 {
 617         struct thread_data *td = data;
 618         const char * const policy_types[] =
 619                 { "default", "prefer", "bind", "interleave", "local", NULL };
 620         int i;
 621         char *nodelist;
 622         struct bitmask *verify_bitmask;
 623
 624         if (parse_dryrun())
 625                 return 0;
 626
 627         nodelist = strchr(input, ':');
 628         if (nodelist) {
 629                 /* NUL-terminate mode */
 630                 *nodelist++ = '\0';
 631         }
 632
 633         for (i = 0; i <= MPOL_LOCAL; i++) {
 634                 if (!strcmp(input, policy_types[i])) {
 635                         td->o.numa_mem_mode = i;
 636                         break;
 637                 }
 638         }
 639         if (i > MPOL_LOCAL) {
 640                 log_err("fio: memory policy should be: default, prefer, bind, interleave, local\n");
 641                 goto out;
 642         }
 643
 644         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 645         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 646                 /*
 647                  * Insist on a nodelist of one node only
 648                  */
 649                 if (nodelist) {
 650                         char *rest = nodelist;
 651                         while (isdigit(*rest))
 652                                 rest++;
 653                         if (*rest) {
 654                                 log_err("fio: one node only for \'prefer\'\n");
 655                                 goto out;
 656                         }
 657                 } else {
 658                         log_err("fio: one node is needed for \'prefer\'\n");
 659                         goto out;
 660                 }
 661                 break;
 662         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 663                 /*
 664                  * Default to online nodes with memory if no nodelist
 665                  */
 666                 if (!nodelist)
 667                         nodelist = strdup("all");
 668                 break;
 669         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 670         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 671                 /*
 672                  * Don't allow a nodelist
 673                  */
 674                 if (nodelist) {
 675                         log_err("fio: NO nodelist for \'local\'\n");
 676                         goto out;
 677                 }
 678                 break;
 679         case MPOL_BIND:
 680                 /*
 681                  * Insist on a nodelist
 682                  */
 683                 if (!nodelist) {
 684                         log_err("fio: a nodelist is needed for \'bind\'\n");
 685                         goto out;
 686                 }
 687                 break;
 688         }
 689
 690
 691         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 692          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 693          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 694          * numa_free_nodemask().
 695          */
 696         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 697         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 698                 td->o.numa_mem_prefer_node = atoi(nodelist);
 699                 break;
 700         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 701         case MPOL_BIND:
 702                 verify_bitmask = numa_parse_nodestring(nodelist);
 703                 if (verify_bitmask == NULL) {
 704                         log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 705                         td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_memnodes_cb");
 706                         return 1;
 707                 }
 708                 td->o.numa_memnodes = strdup(nodelist);
 709                 numa_free_nodemask(verify_bitmask);
 710
 711                 break;
 712         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 713         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 714         default:
 715                 break;
 716         }
 717
 718         return 0;
 719 out:
 720         return 1;
 721 }
 722 #endif
 723
 724 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 725 {
 726         struct thread_data *td = data;
 727         double val;
 728         bool done = false;
 729         char *nr;
 730
 731         td->file_service_nr = 1;
 732
 733         switch (td->o.file_service_type) {
 734         case FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM:
 735         case FIO_FSERVICE_RR:
 736         case FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ:
 737                 nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 738                 if (nr) {
 739                         td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
 740                         free(nr);
 741                 }
 742                 done = true;
 743                 break;
 744         case FIO_FSERVICE_ZIPF:
 745                 val = FIO_DEF_ZIPF;
 746                 break;
 747         case FIO_FSERVICE_PARETO:
 748                 val = FIO_DEF_PARETO;
 749                 break;
 750         case FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS:
 751                 val = 0.0;
 752                 break;
 753         default:
 754                 log_err("fio: bad file service type: %d\n", td->o.file_service_type);
 755                 return 1;
 756         }
 757
 758         if (done)
 759                 return 0;
 760
 761         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 762         if (nr && !str_to_float(nr, &val, 0)) {
 763                 log_err("fio: file service type random postfix parsing failed\n");
 764                 free(nr);
 765                 return 1;
 766         }
 767
 768         free(nr);
 769
 770         switch (td->o.file_service_type) {
 771         case FIO_FSERVICE_ZIPF:
 772                 if (val == 1.00) {
 773                         log_err("fio: zipf theta must be different than 1.0\n");
 774                         return 1;
 775                 }
 776                 if (parse_dryrun())
 777                         return 0;
 778                 td->zipf_theta = val;
 779                 break;
 780         case FIO_FSERVICE_PARETO:
 781                 if (val <= 0.00 || val >= 1.00) {
 782                           log_err("fio: pareto input out of range (0 < input < 1.0)\n");
 783                           return 1;
 784                 }
 785                 if (parse_dryrun())
 786                         return 0;
 787                 td->pareto_h = val;
 788                 break;
 789         case FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS:
 790                 if (val < 0.00 || val >= 100.00) {
 791                           log_err("fio: normal deviation out of range (0 <= input < 100.0)\n");
 792                           return 1;
 793                 }
 794                 if (parse_dryrun())
 795                         return 0;
 796                 td->gauss_dev = val;
 797                 break;
 798         }
 799
 800         return 0;
 801 }
 802
 803 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
 804 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 805 {
 806         struct thread_data *td = data;
 807         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 808
 809         td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
 810         if (nr) {
 811                 td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
 812                 free(nr);
 813         }
 814
 815         return 0;
 816 }
 817 #endif
 818
 819 static int zone_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
 820 {
 821         const struct zone_split *zsp1 = p1;
 822         const struct zone_split *zsp2 = p2;
 823
 824         return (int) zsp2->access_perc - (int) zsp1->access_perc;
 825 }
 826
 827 static int zone_split_ddir(struct thread_options *o, enum fio_ddir ddir,
 828                            char *str)
 829 {
 830         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing, sperc, sperc_missing;
 831         struct split split;
 832
 833         memset(&split, 0, sizeof(split));
 834
 835         if (split_parse_ddir(o, &split, ddir, str))
 836                 return 1;
 837         if (!split.nr)
 838                 return 0;
 839
 840         o->zone_split[ddir] = malloc(split.nr * sizeof(struct zone_split));
 841         o->zone_split_nr[ddir] = split.nr;
 842         for (i = 0; i < split.nr; i++) {
 843                 o->zone_split[ddir][i].access_perc = split.val1[i];
 844                 o->zone_split[ddir][i].size_perc = split.val2[i];
 845         }
 846
 847         /*
 848          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 849          */
 850         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 851         sperc = sperc_missing = 0;
 852         for (i = 0; i < o->zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 853                 struct zone_split *zsp = &o->zone_split[ddir][i];
 854
 855                 if (zsp->access_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
 856                         perc_missing++;
 857                 else
 858                         perc += zsp->access_perc;
 859
 860                 if (zsp->size_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
 861                         sperc_missing++;
 862                 else
 863                         sperc += zsp->size_perc;
 864
 865         }
 866
 867         if (perc > 100 || sperc > 100) {
 868                 log_err("fio: zone_split percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 869                 free(o->zone_split[ddir]);
 870                 o->zone_split[ddir] = NULL;
 871                 return 1;
 872         }
 873         if (perc < 100) {
 874                 log_err("fio: access percentage don't add up to 100 for zoned "
 875                         "random distribution (got=%u)\n", perc);
 876                 free(o->zone_split[ddir]);
 877                 o->zone_split[ddir] = NULL;
 878                 return 1;
 879         }
 880
 881         /*
 882          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 883          * them.
 884          */
 885         if (perc_missing) {
 886                 if (perc_missing == 1 && o->zone_split_nr[ddir] == 1)
 887                         perc = 100;
 888                 for (i = 0; i < o->zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 889                         struct zone_split *zsp = &o->zone_split[ddir][i];
 890
 891                         if (zsp->access_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
 892                                 zsp->access_perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 893                 }
 894         }
 895         if (sperc_missing) {
 896                 if (sperc_missing == 1 && o->zone_split_nr[ddir] == 1)
 897                         sperc = 100;
 898                 for (i = 0; i < o->zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 899                         struct zone_split *zsp = &o->zone_split[ddir][i];
 900
 901                         if (zsp->size_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
 902                                 zsp->size_perc = (100 - sperc) / sperc_missing;
 903                 }
 904         }
 905
 906         /*
 907          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 908          */
 909         qsort(o->zone_split[ddir], o->zone_split_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct zone_split), zone_cmp);
 910         return 0;
 911 }
 912
 913 static void __td_zone_gen_index(struct thread_data *td, enum fio_ddir ddir)
 914 {
 915         unsigned int i, j, sprev, aprev;
 916
 917         td->zone_state_index[ddir] = malloc(sizeof(struct zone_split_index) * 100);
 918
 919         sprev = aprev = 0;
 920         for (i = 0; i < td->o.zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 921                 struct zone_split *zsp = &td->o.zone_split[ddir][i];
 922
 923                 for (j = aprev; j < aprev + zsp->access_perc; j++) {
 924                         struct zone_split_index *zsi = &td->zone_state_index[ddir][j];
 925
 926                         zsi->size_perc = sprev + zsp->size_perc;
 927                         zsi->size_perc_prev = sprev;
 928                 }
 929
 930                 aprev += zsp->access_perc;
 931                 sprev += zsp->size_perc;
 932         }
 933 }
 934
 935 /*
 936  * Generate state table for indexes, so we don't have to do it inline from
 937  * the hot IO path
 938  */
 939 static void td_zone_gen_index(struct thread_data *td)
 940 {
 941         int i;
 942
 943         td->zone_state_index = malloc(DDIR_RWDIR_CNT *
 944                                         sizeof(struct zone_split_index *));
 945
 946         for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++)
 947                 __td_zone_gen_index(td, i);
 948 }
 949
 950 static int parse_zoned_distribution(struct thread_data *td, const char *input)
 951 {
 952         char *str, *p;
 953         int i, ret = 0;
 954
 955         p = str = strdup(input);
 956
 957         strip_blank_front(&str);
 958         strip_blank_end(str);
 959
 960         /* We expect it to start like that, bail if not */
 961         if (strncmp(str, "zoned:", 6)) {
 962                 log_err("fio: mismatch in zoned input <%s>\n", str);
 963                 free(p);
 964                 return 1;
 965         }
 966         str += strlen("zoned:");
 967
 968         ret = str_split_parse(td, str, zone_split_ddir);
 969
 970         free(p);
 971
 972         for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
 973                 int j;
 974
 975                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "zone ddir %d (nr=%u): \n", i, td->o.zone_split_nr[i]);
 976
 977                 for (j = 0; j < td->o.zone_split_nr[i]; j++) {
 978                         struct zone_split *zsp = &td->o.zone_split[i][j];
 979
 980                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "\t%d: %u/%u\n", j, zsp->access_perc,
 981                                                                 zsp->size_perc);
 982                 }
 983         }
 984
 985         if (parse_dryrun()) {
 986                 int i;
 987
 988                 for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
 989                         free(td->o.zone_split[i]);
 990                         td->o.zone_split[i] = NULL;
 991                         td->o.zone_split_nr[i] = 0;
 992                 }
 993
 994                 return ret;
 995         }
 996
 997         if (!ret)
 998                 td_zone_gen_index(td);
 999         else {
1000                 for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++)
1001                         td->o.zone_split_nr[i] = 0;
1002         }
1003
1004         return ret;
1005 }
1006
1007 static int str_random_distribution_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1008 {
1009         struct thread_data *td = data;
1010         double val;
1011         char *nr;
1012
1013         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF)
1014                 val = FIO_DEF_ZIPF;
1015         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO)
1016                 val = FIO_DEF_PARETO;
1017         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_GAUSS)
1018                 val = 0.0;
1019         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZONED)
1020                 return parse_zoned_distribution(td, str);
1021         else
1022                 return 0;
1023
1024         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
1025         if (nr && !str_to_float(nr, &val, 0)) {
1026                 log_err("fio: random postfix parsing failed\n");
1027                 free(nr);
1028                 return 1;
1029         }
1030
1031         free(nr);
1032
1033         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF) {
1034                 if (val == 1.00) {
1035                         log_err("fio: zipf theta must different than 1.0\n");
1036                         return 1;
1037                 }
1038                 if (parse_dryrun())
1039                         return 0;
1040                 td->o.zipf_theta.u.f = val;
1041         } else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO) {
1042                 if (val <= 0.00 || val >= 1.00) {
1043                         log_err("fio: pareto input out of range (0 < input < 1.0)\n");
1044                         return 1;
1045                 }
1046                 if (parse_dryrun())
1047                         return 0;
1048                 td->o.pareto_h.u.f = val;
1049         } else {
1050                 if (val < 0.00 || val >= 100.0) {
1051                         log_err("fio: normal deviation out of range (0 <= input < 100.0)\n");
1052                         return 1;
1053                 }
1054                 if (parse_dryrun())
1055                         return 0;
1056                 td->o.gauss_dev.u.f = val;
1057         }
1058
1059         return 0;
1060 }
1061
1062 /*
1063  * Return next name in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
1064  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
1065  * indicate a new file.
1066  */
1067 static char *get_next_name(char **ptr)
1068 {
1069         char *str = *ptr;
1070         char *p, *start;
1071
1072         if (!str || !strlen(str))
1073                 return NULL;
1074
1075         start = str;
1076         do {
1077                 /*
1078                  * No colon, we are done
1079                  */
1080                 p = strchr(str, ':');
1081                 if (!p) {
1082                         *ptr = NULL;
1083                         break;
1084                 }
1085
1086                 /*
1087                  * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
1088                  * continue
1089                  */
1090                 if (p == start) {
1091                         str = ++start;
1092                         continue;
1093                 }
1094
1095                 if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
1096                         *p = '\0';
1097                         *ptr = p + 1;
1098                         break;
1099                 }
1100
1101                 memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
1102                 str = p;
1103         } while (1);
1104
1105         return start;
1106 }
1107
1108
1109 static int get_max_name_idx(char *input)
1110 {
1111         unsigned int cur_idx;
1112         char *str, *p;
1113
1114         p = str = strdup(input);
1115         for (cur_idx = 0; ; cur_idx++)
1116                 if (get_next_name(&str) == NULL)
1117                         break;
1118
1119         free(p);
1120         return cur_idx;
1121 }
1122
1123 /*
1124  * Returns the directory at the index, indexes > entires will be
1125  * assigned via modulo division of the index
1126  */
1127 int set_name_idx(char *target, size_t tlen, char *input, int index,
1128                  bool unique_filename)
1129 {
1130         unsigned int cur_idx;
1131         int len;
1132         char *fname, *str, *p;
1133
1134         p = str = strdup(input);
1135
1136         index %= get_max_name_idx(input);
1137         for (cur_idx = 0; cur_idx <= index; cur_idx++)
1138                 fname = get_next_name(&str);
1139
1140         if (client_sockaddr_str[0] && unique_filename) {
1141                 len = snprintf(target, tlen, "%s/%s.", fname,
1142                                 client_sockaddr_str);
1143         } else
1144                 len = snprintf(target, tlen, "%s/", fname);
1145
1146         target[tlen - 1] = '\0';
1147         free(p);
1148
1149         return len;
1150 }
1151
1152 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1153 {
1154         struct thread_data *td = data;
1155         char *fname, *str, *p;
1156
1157         p = str = strdup(input);
1158
1159         strip_blank_front(&str);
1160         strip_blank_end(str);
1161
1162         if (!td->files_index)
1163                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
1164
1165         while ((fname = get_next_name(&str)) != NULL) {
1166                 if (!strlen(fname))
1167                         break;
1168                 add_file(td, fname, 0, 1);
1169         }
1170
1171         free(p);
1172         return 0;
1173 }
1174
1175 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *unused)
1176 {
1177         struct thread_data *td = data;
1178         struct stat sb;
1179         char *dirname, *str, *p;
1180         int ret = 0;
1181
1182         if (parse_dryrun())
1183                 return 0;
1184
1185         p = str = strdup(td->o.directory);
1186         while ((dirname = get_next_name(&str)) != NULL) {
1187                 if (lstat(dirname, &sb) < 0) {
1188                         ret = errno;
1189
1190                         log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dirname);
1191                         td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
1192                         goto out;
1193                 }
1194                 if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
1195                         log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dirname);
1196                         ret = 1;
1197                         goto out;
1198                 }
1199         }
1200
1201 out:
1202         free(p);
1203         return ret;
1204 }
1205
1206 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
1207 {
1208         struct thread_data *td = data;
1209
1210         if (parse_dryrun())
1211                 return 0;
1212
1213         if (!td->files_index)
1214                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
1215
1216         return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
1217 }
1218
1219 static int str_buffer_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1220 {
1221         struct thread_data *td = data;
1222         int ret;
1223
1224         /* FIXME: for now buffer pattern does not support formats */
1225         ret = parse_and_fill_pattern(input, strlen(input), td->o.buffer_pattern,
1226                                      MAX_PATTERN_SIZE, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
1227         if (ret < 0)
1228                 return 1;
1229
1230         assert(ret != 0);
1231         td->o.buffer_pattern_bytes = ret;
1232         if (!td->o.compress_percentage)
1233                 td->o.refill_buffers = 0;
1234         td->o.scramble_buffers = 0;
1235         td->o.zero_buffers = 0;
1236
1237         return 0;
1238 }
1239
1240 static int str_buffer_compress_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *il)
1241 {
1242         struct thread_data *td = data;
1243
1244         td->flags |= TD_F_COMPRESS;
1245         td->o.compress_percentage = *il;
1246         return 0;
1247 }
1248
1249 static int str_dedupe_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *il)
1250 {
1251         struct thread_data *td = data;
1252
1253         td->flags |= TD_F_COMPRESS;
1254         td->o.dedupe_percentage = *il;
1255         td->o.refill_buffers = 1;
1256         return 0;
1257 }
1258
1259 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1260 {
1261         struct thread_data *td = data;
1262         int ret;
1263
1264         td->o.verify_fmt_sz = ARRAY_SIZE(td->o.verify_fmt);
1265         ret = parse_and_fill_pattern(input, strlen(input), td->o.verify_pattern,
1266                                      MAX_PATTERN_SIZE, fmt_desc, sizeof(fmt_desc),
1267                                      td->o.verify_fmt, &td->o.verify_fmt_sz);
1268         if (ret < 0)
1269                 return 1;
1270
1271         assert(ret != 0);
1272         td->o.verify_pattern_bytes = ret;
1273         /*
1274          * VERIFY_* could already be set
1275          */
1276         if (!fio_option_is_set(&td->o, verify))
1277                 td->o.verify = VERIFY_PATTERN;
1278
1279         return 0;
1280 }
1281
1282 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
1283 {
1284         struct thread_data *td = data;
1285         int val = *il;
1286
1287         td->o.disable_lat = !!val;
1288         td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
1289         td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
1290         td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
1291         td->o.clat_percentiles = !val;
1292         if (val)
1293                 td->tv_cache_mask = 63;
1294
1295         return 0;
1296 }
1297
1298 static int str_size_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *__val)
1299 {
1300         struct thread_data *td = data;
1301         unsigned long long v = *__val;
1302
1303         if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
1304                 td->o.size = 0;
1305                 td->o.size_percent = -1ULL - v;
1306         } else
1307                 td->o.size = v;
1308
1309         return 0;
1310 }
1311
1312 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
1313 {
1314         struct thread_data *td = data;
1315
1316         if (read_only && td_write(td)) {
1317                 log_err("fio: job <%s> has write bit set, but fio is in"
1318                         " read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
1319                 return 1;
1320         }
1321
1322         return 0;
1323 }
1324
1325 static int gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
1326 {
1327 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1328         struct thread_data *td = data;
1329
1330         if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
1331                 log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
1332                         "gettimeofday() offloading\n");
1333                 return 1;
1334         }
1335 #endif
1336
1337         return 0;
1338 }
1339
1340 /*
1341  * Map of job/command line options
1342  */
1343 struct fio_option fio_options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
1344         {
1345                 .name   = "description",
1346                 .lname  = "Description of job",
1347                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1348                 .off1   = td_var_offset(description),
1349                 .help   = "Text job description",
1350                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1351                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1352         },
1353         {
1354                 .name   = "name",
1355                 .lname  = "Job name",
1356                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1357                 .off1   = td_var_offset(name),
1358                 .help   = "Name of this job",
1359                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1360                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1361         },
1362         {
1363                 .name   = "wait_for",
1364                 .lname  = "Waitee name",
1365                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1366                 .off1   = td_var_offset(wait_for),
1367                 .help   = "Name of the job this one wants to wait for before starting",
1368                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1369                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1370         },
1371         {
1372                 .name   = "filename",
1373                 .lname  = "Filename(s)",
1374                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1375                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename),
1376                 .cb     = str_filename_cb,
1377                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1378                 .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
1379                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1380                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1381         },
1382         {
1383                 .name   = "directory",
1384                 .lname  = "Directory",
1385                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1386                 .off1   = td_var_offset(directory),
1387                 .cb     = str_directory_cb,
1388                 .help   = "Directory to store files in",
1389                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1390                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1391         },
1392         {
1393                 .name   = "filename_format",
1394                 .lname  = "Filename Format",
1395                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1396                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename_format),
1397                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1398                 .help   = "Override default $jobname.$jobnum.$filenum naming",
1399                 .def    = "$jobname.$jobnum.$filenum",
1400                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1401                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1402         },
1403         {
1404                 .name   = "unique_filename",
1405                 .lname  = "Unique Filename",
1406                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1407                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unique_filename),
1408                 .help   = "For network clients, prefix file with source IP",
1409                 .def    = "1",
1410                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1411                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1412         },
1413         {
1414                 .name   = "lockfile",
1415                 .lname  = "Lockfile",
1416                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1417                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_lock_mode),
1418                 .help   = "Lock file when doing IO to it",
1419                 .prio   = 1,
1420                 .parent = "filename",
1421                 .hide   = 0,
1422                 .def    = "none",
1423                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1424                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1425                 .posval = {
1426                           { .ival = "none",
1427                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
1428                             .help = "No file locking",
1429                           },
1430                           { .ival = "exclusive",
1431                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
1432                             .help = "Exclusive file lock",
1433                           },
1434                           {
1435                             .ival = "readwrite",
1436                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
1437                             .help = "Read vs write lock",
1438                           },
1439                 },
1440         },
1441         {
1442                 .name   = "opendir",
1443                 .lname  = "Open directory",
1444                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1445                 .off1   = td_var_offset(opendir),
1446                 .cb     = str_opendir_cb,
1447                 .help   = "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
1448                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1449                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1450         },
1451         {
1452                 .name   = "rw",
1453                 .lname  = "Read/write",
1454                 .alias  = "readwrite",
1455                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1456                 .cb     = str_rw_cb,
1457                 .off1   = td_var_offset(td_ddir),
1458                 .help   = "IO direction",
1459                 .def    = "read",
1460                 .verify = rw_verify,
1461                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1462                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1463                 .posval = {
1464                           { .ival = "read",
1465                             .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
1466                             .help = "Sequential read",
1467                           },
1468                           { .ival = "write",
1469                             .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
1470                             .help = "Sequential write",
1471                           },
1472                           { .ival = "trim",
1473                             .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIM,
1474                             .help = "Sequential trim",
1475                           },
1476                           { .ival = "randread",
1477                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
1478                             .help = "Random read",
1479                           },
1480                           { .ival = "randwrite",
1481                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
1482                             .help = "Random write",
1483                           },
1484                           { .ival = "randtrim",
1485                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDTRIM,
1486                             .help = "Random trim",
1487                           },
1488                           { .ival = "rw",
1489                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1490                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1491                           },
1492                           { .ival = "readwrite",
1493                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1494                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1495                           },
1496                           { .ival = "randrw",
1497                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
1498                             .help = "Random read and write mix"
1499                           },
1500                           { .ival = "trimwrite",
1501                             .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIMWRITE,
1502                             .help = "Trim and write mix, trims preceding writes"
1503                           },
1504                 },
1505         },
1506         {
1507                 .name   = "rw_sequencer",
1508                 .lname  = "RW Sequencer",
1509                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1510                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rw_seq),
1511                 .help   = "IO offset generator modifier",
1512                 .def    = "sequential",
1513                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1514                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1515                 .posval = {
1516                           { .ival = "sequential",
1517                             .oval = RW_SEQ_SEQ,
1518                             .help = "Generate sequential offsets",
1519                           },
1520                           { .ival = "identical",
1521                             .oval = RW_SEQ_IDENT,
1522                             .help = "Generate identical offsets",
1523                           },
1524                 },
1525         },
1526
1527         {
1528                 .name   = "ioengine",
1529                 .lname  = "IO Engine",
1530                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1531                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioengine),
1532                 .help   = "IO engine to use",
1533                 .def    = FIO_PREFERRED_ENGINE,
1534                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1535                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1536                 .posval = {
1537                           { .ival = "sync",
1538                             .help = "Use read/write",
1539                           },
1540                           { .ival = "psync",
1541                             .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
1542                           },
1543                           { .ival = "vsync",
1544                             .help = "Use readv/writev",
1545                           },
1546 #ifdef CONFIG_PWRITEV
1547                           { .ival = "pvsync",
1548                             .help = "Use preadv/pwritev",
1549                           },
1550 #endif
1551 #ifdef CONFIG_PWRITEV2
1552                           { .ival = "pvsync2",
1553                             .help = "Use preadv2/pwritev2",
1554                           },
1555 #endif
1556 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBAIO
1557                           { .ival = "libaio",
1558                             .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
1559                           },
1560 #endif
1561 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIXAIO
1562                           { .ival = "posixaio",
1563                             .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
1564                           },
1565 #endif
1566 #ifdef CONFIG_SOLARISAIO
1567                           { .ival = "solarisaio",
1568                             .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
1569                           },
1570 #endif
1571 #ifdef CONFIG_WINDOWSAIO
1572                           { .ival = "windowsaio",
1573                             .help = "Windows native asynchronous IO"
1574                           },
1575 #endif
1576 #ifdef CONFIG_RBD
1577                           { .ival = "rbd",
1578                             .help = "Rados Block Device asynchronous IO"
1579                           },
1580 #endif
1581                           { .ival = "mmap",
1582                             .help = "Memory mapped IO"
1583                           },
1584 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_SPLICE
1585                           { .ival = "splice",
1586                             .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
1587                           },
1588                           { .ival = "netsplice",
1589                             .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
1590                           },
1591 #endif
1592 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
1593                           { .ival = "sg",
1594                             .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
1595                           },
1596 #endif
1597                           { .ival = "null",
1598                             .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
1599                           },
1600                           { .ival = "net",
1601                             .help = "Network IO",
1602                           },
1603                           { .ival = "cpuio",
1604                             .help = "CPU cycle burner engine",
1605                           },
1606 #ifdef CONFIG_GUASI
1607                           { .ival = "guasi",
1608                             .help = "GUASI IO engine",
1609                           },
1610 #endif
1611 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_BINJECT
1612                           { .ival = "binject",
1613                             .help = "binject direct inject block engine",
1614                           },
1615 #endif
1616 #ifdef CONFIG_RDMA
1617                           { .ival = "rdma",
1618                             .help = "RDMA IO engine",
1619                           },
1620 #endif
1621 #ifdef CONFIG_FUSION_AW
1622                           { .ival = "fusion-aw-sync",
1623                             .help = "Fusion-io atomic write engine",
1624                           },
1625 #endif
1626 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_EXT4_MOVE_EXTENT
1627                           { .ival = "e4defrag",
1628                             .help = "ext4 defrag engine",
1629                           },
1630 #endif
1631 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1632                           { .ival = "falloc",
1633                             .help = "fallocate() file based engine",
1634                           },
1635 #endif
1636 #ifdef CONFIG_GFAPI
1637                           { .ival = "gfapi",
1638                             .help = "Glusterfs libgfapi(sync) based engine"
1639                           },
1640                           { .ival = "gfapi_async",
1641                             .help = "Glusterfs libgfapi(async) based engine"
1642                           },
1643 #endif
1644 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBHDFS
1645                           { .ival = "libhdfs",
1646                             .help = "Hadoop Distributed Filesystem (HDFS) engine"
1647                           },
1648 #endif
1649 #ifdef CONFIG_PMEMBLK
1650                           { .ival = "pmemblk",
1651                             .help = "NVML libpmemblk based IO engine",
1652                           },
1653
1654 #endif
1655                           { .ival = "external",
1656                             .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
1657                           },
1658                 },
1659         },
1660         {
1661                 .name   = "iodepth",
1662                 .lname  = "IO Depth",
1663                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1664                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth),
1665                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to keep in flight",
1666                 .minval = 1,
1667                 .interval = 1,
1668                 .def    = "1",
1669                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1670                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1671         },
1672         {
1673                 .name   = "iodepth_batch",
1674                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch",
1675                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_submit",
1676                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1677                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch),
1678                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
1679                 .parent = "iodepth",
1680                 .hide   = 1,
1681                 .minval = 1,
1682                 .interval = 1,
1683                 .def    = "1",
1684                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1685                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1686         },
1687         {
1688                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete_min",
1689                 .lname  = "Min IO depth batch complete",
1690                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_complete",
1691                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1692                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch_complete_min),
1693                 .help   = "Min number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
1694                 .parent = "iodepth",
1695                 .hide   = 1,
1696                 .minval = 0,
1697                 .interval = 1,
1698                 .def    = "1",
1699                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1700                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1701         },
1702         {
1703                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete_max",
1704                 .lname  = "Max IO depth batch complete",
1705                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1706                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch_complete_max),
1707                 .help   = "Max number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
1708                 .parent = "iodepth",
1709                 .hide   = 1,
1710                 .minval = 0,
1711                 .interval = 1,
1712                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1713                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1714         },
1715         {
1716                 .name   = "iodepth_low",
1717                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch low",
1718                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1719                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_low),
1720                 .help   = "Low water mark for queuing depth",
1721                 .parent = "iodepth",
1722                 .hide   = 1,
1723                 .interval = 1,
1724                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1725                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1726         },
1727         {
1728                 .name   = "io_submit_mode",
1729                 .lname  = "IO submit mode",
1730                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1731                 .off1   = td_var_offset(io_submit_mode),
1732                 .help   = "How IO submissions and completions are done",
1733                 .def    = "inline",
1734                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1735                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1736                 .posval = {
1737                           { .ival = "inline",
1738                             .oval = IO_MODE_INLINE,
1739                             .help = "Submit and complete IO inline",
1740                           },
1741                           { .ival = "offload",
1742                             .oval = IO_MODE_OFFLOAD,
1743                             .help = "Offload submit and complete to threads",
1744                           },
1745                 },
1746         },
1747         {
1748                 .name   = "size",
1749                 .lname  = "Size",
1750                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1751                 .cb     = str_size_cb,
1752                 .off1   = td_var_offset(size),
1753                 .help   = "Total size of device or files",
1754                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1755                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1756                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1757         },
1758         {
1759                 .name   = "io_size",
1760                 .alias  = "io_limit",
1761                 .lname  = "IO Size",
1762                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1763                 .off1   = td_var_offset(io_limit),
1764                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1765                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1766                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1767         },
1768         {
1769                 .name   = "fill_device",
1770                 .lname  = "Fill device",
1771                 .alias  = "fill_fs",
1772                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1773                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fill_device),
1774                 .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
1775                 .def    = "0",
1776                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1777                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1778         },
1779         {
1780                 .name   = "filesize",
1781                 .lname  = "File size",
1782                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1783                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_size_low),
1784                 .off2   = td_var_offset(file_size_high),
1785                 .minval = 1,
1786                 .help   = "Size of individual files",
1787                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1788                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1789                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1790         },
1791         {
1792                 .name   = "file_append",
1793                 .lname  = "File append",
1794                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1795                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_append),
1796                 .help   = "IO will start at the end of the file(s)",
1797                 .def    = "0",
1798                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1799                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1800         },
1801         {
1802                 .name   = "offset",
1803                 .lname  = "IO offset",
1804                 .alias  = "fileoffset",
1805                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1806                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_offset),
1807                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset",
1808                 .def    = "0",
1809                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1810                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1811                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1812         },
1813         {
1814                 .name   = "offset_increment",
1815                 .lname  = "IO offset increment",
1816                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1817                 .off1   = td_var_offset(offset_increment),
1818                 .help   = "What is the increment from one offset to the next",
1819                 .parent = "offset",
1820                 .hide   = 1,
1821                 .def    = "0",
1822                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1823                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1824                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1825         },
1826         {
1827                 .name   = "number_ios",
1828                 .lname  = "Number of IOs to perform",
1829                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1830                 .off1   = td_var_offset(number_ios),
1831                 .help   = "Force job completion after this number of IOs",
1832                 .def    = "0",
1833                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1834                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1835         },
1836         {
1837                 .name   = "bs",
1838                 .lname  = "Block size",
1839                 .alias  = "blocksize",
1840                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1841                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_READ]),
1842                 .off2   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1843                 .off3   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1844                 .minval = 1,
1845                 .help   = "Block size unit",
1846                 .def    = "4k",
1847                 .parent = "rw",
1848                 .hide   = 1,
1849                 .interval = 512,
1850                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1851                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1852         },
1853         {
1854                 .name   = "ba",
1855                 .lname  = "Block size align",
1856                 .alias  = "blockalign",
1857                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1858                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_READ]),
1859                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
1860                 .off3   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_TRIM]),
1861                 .minval = 1,
1862                 .help   = "IO block offset alignment",
1863                 .parent = "rw",
1864                 .hide   = 1,
1865                 .interval = 512,
1866                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1867                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1868         },
1869         {
1870                 .name   = "bsrange",
1871                 .lname  = "Block size range",
1872                 .alias  = "blocksize_range",
1873                 .type   = FIO_OPT_RANGE,
1874                 .off1   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1875                 .off2   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1876                 .off3   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1877                 .off4   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1878                 .off5   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1879                 .off6   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1880                 .minval = 1,
1881                 .help   = "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
1882                 .parent = "rw",
1883                 .hide   = 1,
1884                 .interval = 4096,
1885                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1886                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1887         },
1888         {
1889                 .name   = "bssplit",
1890                 .lname  = "Block size split",
1891                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1892                 .cb     = str_bssplit_cb,
1893                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bssplit),
1894                 .help   = "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
1895                 .parent = "rw",
1896                 .hide   = 1,
1897                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1898                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1899         },
1900         {
1901                 .name   = "bs_unaligned",
1902                 .lname  = "Block size unaligned",
1903                 .alias  = "blocksize_unaligned",
1904                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1905                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_unaligned),
1906                 .help   = "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
1907                 .parent = "rw",
1908                 .hide   = 1,
1909                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1910                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1911         },
1912         {
1913                 .name   = "bs_is_seq_rand",
1914                 .lname  = "Block size division is seq/random (not read/write)",
1915                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1916                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_is_seq_rand),
1917                 .help   = "Consider any blocksize setting to be sequential,random",
1918                 .def    = "0",
1919                 .parent = "blocksize",
1920                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1921                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1922         },
1923         {
1924                 .name   = "randrepeat",
1925                 .lname  = "Random repeatable",
1926                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1927                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rand_repeatable),
1928                 .help   = "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
1929                 .def    = "1",
1930                 .parent = "rw",
1931                 .hide   = 1,
1932                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1933                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1934         },
1935         {
1936                 .name   = "randseed",
1937                 .lname  = "The random generator seed",
1938                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1939                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rand_seed),
1940                 .help   = "Set the random generator seed value",
1941                 .def    = "0x89",
1942                 .parent = "rw",
1943                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1944                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1945         },
1946         {
1947                 .name   = "use_os_rand",
1948                 .lname  = "Use OS random",
1949                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
1950                 .off1   = td_var_offset(dep_use_os_rand),
1951                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1952                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1953         },
1954         {
1955                 .name   = "norandommap",
1956                 .lname  = "No randommap",
1957                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1958                 .off1   = td_var_offset(norandommap),
1959                 .help   = "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
1960                 .parent = "rw",
1961                 .hide   = 1,
1962                 .hide_on_set = 1,
1963                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1964                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1965         },
1966         {
1967                 .name   = "softrandommap",
1968                 .lname  = "Soft randommap",
1969                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1970                 .off1   = td_var_offset(softrandommap),
1971                 .help   = "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
1972                 .parent = "norandommap",
1973                 .hide   = 1,
1974                 .def    = "0",
1975                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1976                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1977         },
1978         {
1979                 .name   = "random_generator",
1980                 .lname  = "Random Generator",
1981                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1982                 .off1   = td_var_offset(random_generator),
1983                 .help   = "Type of random number generator to use",
1984                 .def    = "tausworthe",
1985                 .posval = {
1986                           { .ival = "tausworthe",
1987                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_TAUSWORTHE,
1988                             .help = "Strong Tausworthe generator",
1989                           },
1990                           { .ival = "lfsr",
1991                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_LFSR,
1992                             .help = "Variable length LFSR",
1993                           },
1994                           {
1995                             .ival = "tausworthe64",
1996                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_TAUSWORTHE64,
1997                             .help = "64-bit Tausworthe variant",
1998                           },
1999                 },
2000                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2001                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2002         },
2003         {
2004                 .name   = "random_distribution",
2005                 .lname  = "Random Distribution",
2006                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2007                 .off1   = td_var_offset(random_distribution),
2008                 .cb     = str_random_distribution_cb,
2009                 .help   = "Random offset distribution generator",
2010                 .def    = "random",
2011                 .posval = {
2012                           { .ival = "random",
2013                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_RANDOM,
2014                             .help = "Completely random",
2015                           },
2016                           { .ival = "zipf",
2017                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF,
2018                             .help = "Zipf distribution",
2019                           },
2020                           { .ival = "pareto",
2021                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO,
2022                             .help = "Pareto distribution",
2023                           },
2024                           { .ival = "normal",
2025                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_GAUSS,
2026                             .help = "Normal (gaussian) distribution",
2027                           },
2028                           { .ival = "zoned",
2029                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZONED,
2030                             .help = "Zoned random distribution",
2031                           },
2032
2033                 },
2034                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2035                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2036         },
2037         {
2038                 .name   = "percentage_random",
2039                 .lname  = "Percentage Random",
2040                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2041                 .off1   = td_var_offset(perc_rand[DDIR_READ]),
2042                 .off2   = td_var_offset(perc_rand[DDIR_WRITE]),
2043                 .off3   = td_var_offset(perc_rand[DDIR_TRIM]),
2044                 .maxval = 100,
2045                 .help   = "Percentage of seq/random mix that should be random",
2046                 .def    = "100,100,100",
2047                 .interval = 5,
2048                 .inverse = "percentage_sequential",
2049                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2050                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2051         },
2052         {
2053                 .name   = "percentage_sequential",
2054                 .lname  = "Percentage Sequential",
2055                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
2056                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2057                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2058         },
2059         {
2060                 .name   = "allrandrepeat",
2061                 .lname  = "All Random Repeat",
2062                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2063                 .off1   = td_var_offset(allrand_repeatable),
2064                 .help   = "Use repeatable random numbers for everything",
2065                 .def    = "0",
2066                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2067                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2068         },
2069         {
2070                 .name   = "nrfiles",
2071                 .lname  = "Number of files",
2072                 .alias  = "nr_files",
2073                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2074                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nr_files),
2075                 .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
2076                 .def    = "1",
2077                 .interval = 1,
2078                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2079                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2080         },
2081         {
2082                 .name   = "openfiles",
2083                 .lname  = "Number of open files",
2084                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2085                 .off1   = td_var_offset(open_files),
2086                 .help   = "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
2087                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2088                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2089         },
2090         {
2091                 .name   = "file_service_type",
2092                 .lname  = "File service type",
2093                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2094                 .cb     = str_fst_cb,
2095                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_service_type),
2096                 .help   = "How to select which file to service next",
2097                 .def    = "roundrobin",
2098                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2099                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2100                 .posval = {
2101                           { .ival = "random",
2102                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
2103                             .help = "Choose a file at random (uniform)",
2104                           },
2105                           { .ival = "zipf",
2106                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_ZIPF,
2107                             .help = "Zipf randomized",
2108                           },
2109                           { .ival = "pareto",
2110                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_PARETO,
2111                             .help = "Pareto randomized",
2112                           },
2113                           { .ival = "gauss",
2114                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS,
2115                             .help = "Normal (guassian) distribution",
2116                           },
2117                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
2118                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
2119                             .help = "Round robin select files",
2120                           },
2121                           { .ival = "sequential",
2122                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
2123                             .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
2124                           },
2125                 },
2126                 .parent = "nrfiles",
2127                 .hide   = 1,
2128         },
2129 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE
2130         {
2131                 .name   = "fallocate",
2132                 .lname  = "Fallocate",
2133                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2134                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fallocate_mode),
2135                 .help   = "Whether pre-allocation is performed when laying out files",
2136                 .def    = "posix",
2137                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2138                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2139                 .posval = {
2140                           { .ival = "none",
2141                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
2142                             .help = "Do not pre-allocate space",
2143                           },
2144                           { .ival = "posix",
2145                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
2146                             .help = "Use posix_fallocate()",
2147                           },
2148 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
2149                           { .ival = "keep",
2150                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_KEEP_SIZE,
2151                             .help = "Use fallocate(..., FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE, ...)",
2152                           },
2153 #endif
2154                           /* Compatibility with former boolean values */
2155                           { .ival = "0",
2156                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
2157                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
2158                           },
2159                           { .ival = "1",
2160                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
2161                             .help = "Alias for 'posix'",
2162                           },
2163                 },
2164         },
2165 #endif  /* CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE */
2166         {
2167                 .name   = "fadvise_hint",
2168                 .lname  = "Fadvise hint",
2169                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2170                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fadvise_hint),
2171                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
2172                 .def    = "1",
2173                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2174                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2175         },
2176 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_STREAMID
2177         {
2178                 .name   = "fadvise_stream",
2179                 .lname  = "Fadvise stream",
2180                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2181                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fadvise_stream),
2182                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to set stream ID",
2183                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2184                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2185         },
2186 #endif
2187         {
2188                 .name   = "fsync",
2189                 .lname  = "Fsync",
2190                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2191                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_blocks),
2192                 .help   = "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
2193                 .def    = "0",
2194                 .interval = 1,
2195                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2196                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2197         },
2198         {
2199                 .name   = "fdatasync",
2200                 .lname  = "Fdatasync",
2201                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2202                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fdatasync_blocks),
2203                 .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
2204                 .def    = "0",
2205                 .interval = 1,
2206                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2207                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2208         },
2209         {
2210                 .name   = "write_barrier",
2211                 .lname  = "Write barrier",
2212                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2213                 .off1   = td_var_offset(barrier_blocks),
2214                 .help   = "Make every Nth write a barrier write",
2215                 .def    = "0",
2216                 .interval = 1,
2217                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2218                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2219         },
2220 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
2221         {
2222                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
2223                 .lname  = "Sync file range",
2224                 .posval = {
2225                           { .ival = "wait_before",
2226                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
2227                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
2228                             .orval  = 1,
2229                           },
2230                           { .ival = "write",
2231                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
2232                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
2233                             .orval  = 1,
2234                           },
2235                           {
2236                             .ival = "wait_after",
2237                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
2238                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
2239                             .orval  = 1,
2240                           },
2241                 },
2242                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_MULTI,
2243                 .cb     = str_sfr_cb,
2244                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_file_range),
2245                 .help   = "Use sync_file_range()",
2246                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2247                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2248         },
2249 #endif
2250         {
2251                 .name   = "direct",
2252                 .lname  = "Direct I/O",
2253                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2254                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
2255                 .help   = "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
2256                 .def    = "0",
2257                 .inverse = "buffered",
2258                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2259                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2260         },
2261         {
2262                 .name   = "atomic",
2263                 .lname  = "Atomic I/O",
2264                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2265                 .off1   = td_var_offset(oatomic),
2266                 .help   = "Use Atomic IO with O_DIRECT (implies O_DIRECT)",
2267                 .def    = "0",
2268                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2269                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2270         },
2271         {
2272                 .name   = "buffered",
2273                 .lname  = "Buffered I/O",
2274                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2275                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
2276                 .neg    = 1,
2277                 .help   = "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
2278                 .def    = "1",
2279                 .inverse = "direct",
2280                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2281                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2282         },
2283         {
2284                 .name   = "overwrite",
2285                 .lname  = "Overwrite",
2286                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2287                 .off1   = td_var_offset(overwrite),
2288                 .help   = "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
2289                 .def    = "0",
2290                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2291                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2292         },
2293         {
2294                 .name   = "loops",
2295                 .lname  = "Loops",
2296                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2297                 .off1   = td_var_offset(loops),
2298                 .help   = "Number of times to run the job",
2299                 .def    = "1",
2300                 .interval = 1,
2301                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2302                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2303         },
2304         {
2305                 .name   = "numjobs",
2306                 .lname  = "Number of jobs",
2307                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2308                 .off1   = td_var_offset(numjobs),
2309                 .help   = "Duplicate this job this many times",
2310                 .def    = "1",
2311                 .interval = 1,
2312                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2313                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2314         },
2315         {
2316                 .name   = "startdelay",
2317                 .lname  = "Start delay",
2318                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2319                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_delay),
2320                 .off2   = td_var_offset(start_delay_high),
2321                 .help   = "Only start job when this period has passed",
2322                 .def    = "0",
2323                 .is_seconds = 1,
2324                 .is_time = 1,
2325                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2326                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2327         },
2328         {
2329                 .name   = "runtime",
2330                 .lname  = "Runtime",
2331                 .alias  = "timeout",
2332                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2333                 .off1   = td_var_offset(timeout),
2334                 .help   = "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
2335                 .def    = "0",
2336                 .is_seconds = 1,
2337                 .is_time = 1,
2338                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2339                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2340         },
2341         {
2342                 .name   = "time_based",
2343                 .lname  = "Time based",
2344                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2345                 .off1   = td_var_offset(time_based),
2346                 .help   = "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
2347                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2348                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2349         },
2350         {
2351                 .name   = "verify_only",
2352                 .lname  = "Verify only",
2353                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2354                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_only),
2355                 .help   = "Verifies previously written data is still valid",
2356                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2357                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2358         },
2359         {
2360                 .name   = "ramp_time",
2361                 .lname  = "Ramp time",
2362                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2363                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ramp_time),
2364                 .help   = "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
2365                 .is_seconds = 1,
2366                 .is_time = 1,
2367                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2368                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2369         },
2370         {
2371                 .name   = "clocksource",
2372                 .lname  = "Clock source",
2373                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2374                 .cb     = fio_clock_source_cb,
2375                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clocksource),
2376                 .help   = "What type of timing source to use",
2377                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2378                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
2379                 .posval = {
2380 #ifdef CONFIG_GETTIMEOFDAY
2381                           { .ival = "gettimeofday",
2382                             .oval = CS_GTOD,
2383                             .help = "Use gettimeofday(2) for timing",
2384                           },
2385 #endif
2386 #ifdef CONFIG_CLOCK_GETTIME
2387                           { .ival = "clock_gettime",
2388                             .oval = CS_CGETTIME,
2389                             .help = "Use clock_gettime(2) for timing",
2390                           },
2391 #endif
2392 #ifdef ARCH_HAVE_CPU_CLOCK
2393                           { .ival = "cpu",
2394                             .oval = CS_CPUCLOCK,
2395                             .help = "Use CPU private clock",
2396                           },
2397 #endif
2398                 },
2399         },
2400         {
2401                 .name   = "mem",
2402                 .alias  = "iomem",
2403                 .lname  = "I/O Memory",
2404                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2405                 .cb     = str_mem_cb,
2406                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_type),
2407                 .help   = "Backing type for IO buffers",
2408                 .def    = "malloc",
2409                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2410                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2411                 .posval = {
2412                           { .ival = "malloc",
2413                             .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
2414                             .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
2415                           },
2416 #ifndef CONFIG_NO_SHM
2417                           { .ival = "shm",
2418                             .oval = MEM_SHM,
2419                             .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
2420                           },
2421 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2422                           { .ival = "shmhuge",
2423                             .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
2424                             .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
2425                           },
2426 #endif
2427 #endif
2428                           { .ival = "mmap",
2429                             .oval = MEM_MMAP,
2430                             .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
2431                           },
2432                           { .ival = "mmapshared",
2433                             .oval = MEM_MMAPSHARED,
2434                             .help = "Like mmap, but use the shared flag",
2435                           },
2436 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2437                           { .ival = "mmaphuge",
2438                             .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
2439                             .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
2440                           },
2441 #endif
2442                   },
2443         },
2444         {
2445                 .name   = "iomem_align",
2446                 .alias  = "mem_align",
2447                 .lname  = "I/O memory alignment",
2448                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2449                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_align),
2450                 .minval = 0,
2451                 .help   = "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
2452                 .def    = "0",
2453                 .parent = "iomem",
2454                 .hide   = 1,
2455                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2456                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2457         },
2458         {
2459                 .name   = "verify",
2460                 .lname  = "Verify",
2461                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2462                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify),
2463                 .help   = "Verify data written",
2464                 .def    = "0",
2465                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2466                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2467                 .posval = {
2468                           { .ival = "0",
2469                             .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
2470                             .help = "Don't do IO verification",
2471                           },
2472                           { .ival = "md5",
2473                             .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
2474                             .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
2475                           },
2476                           { .ival = "crc64",
2477                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
2478                             .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
2479                           },
2480                           { .ival = "crc32",
2481                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
2482                             .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
2483                           },
2484                           { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
2485                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2486                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2487                           },
2488                           { .ival = "crc32c",
2489                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2490                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2491                           },
2492                           { .ival = "crc16",
2493                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
2494                             .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
2495                           },
2496                           { .ival = "crc7",
2497                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
2498                             .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
2499                           },
2500                           { .ival = "sha1",
2501                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
2502                             .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
2503                           },
2504                           { .ival = "sha256",
2505                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
2506                             .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
2507                           },
2508                           { .ival = "sha512",
2509                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
2510                             .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
2511                           },
2512                           { .ival = "xxhash",
2513                             .oval = VERIFY_XXHASH,
2514                             .help = "Use xxhash checksums for verification",
2515                           },
2516                           /* Meta information was included into verify_header,
2517                            * 'meta' verification is implied by default. */
2518                           { .ival = "meta",
2519                             .oval = VERIFY_HDR_ONLY,
2520                             .help = "Use io information for verification. "
2521                                     "Now is implied by default, thus option is obsolete, "
2522                                     "don't use it",
2523                           },
2524                           { .ival = "pattern",
2525                             .oval = VERIFY_PATTERN_NO_HDR,
2526                             .help = "Verify strict pattern",
2527                           },
2528                           {
2529                             .ival = "null",
2530                             .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
2531                             .help = "Pretend to verify",
2532                           },
2533                 },
2534         },
2535         {
2536                 .name   = "do_verify",
2537                 .lname  = "Perform verify step",
2538                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2539                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_verify),
2540                 .help   = "Run verification stage after write",
2541                 .def    = "1",
2542                 .parent = "verify",
2543                 .hide   = 1,
2544                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2545                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2546         },
2547         {
2548                 .name   = "verifysort",
2549                 .lname  = "Verify sort",
2550                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2551                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort),
2552                 .help   = "Sort written verify blocks for read back",
2553                 .def    = "1",
2554                 .parent = "verify",
2555                 .hide   = 1,
2556                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2557                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2558         },
2559         {
2560                 .name   = "verifysort_nr",
2561                 .lname  = "Verify Sort Nr",
2562                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2563                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort_nr),
2564                 .help   = "Pre-load and sort verify blocks for a read workload",
2565                 .minval = 0,
2566                 .maxval = 131072,
2567                 .def    = "1024",
2568                 .parent = "verify",
2569                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2570                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2571         },
2572         {
2573                 .name   = "verify_interval",
2574                 .lname  = "Verify interval",
2575                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2576                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_interval),
2577                 .minval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2578                 .help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
2579                 .parent = "verify",
2580                 .hide   = 1,
2581                 .interval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2582                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2583                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2584         },
2585         {
2586                 .name   = "verify_offset",
2587                 .lname  = "Verify offset",
2588                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2589                 .help   = "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
2590                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_offset),
2591                 .minval = sizeof(struct verify_header),
2592                 .parent = "verify",
2593                 .hide   = 1,
2594                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2595                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2596         },
2597         {
2598                 .name   = "verify_pattern",
2599                 .lname  = "Verify pattern",
2600                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2601                 .cb     = str_verify_pattern_cb,
2602                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_pattern),
2603                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
2604                 .parent = "verify",
2605                 .hide   = 1,
2606                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2607                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2608         },
2609         {
2610                 .name   = "verify_fatal",
2611                 .lname  = "Verify fatal",
2612                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2613                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_fatal),
2614                 .def    = "0",
2615                 .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
2616                 .parent = "verify",
2617                 .hide   = 1,
2618                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2619                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2620         },
2621         {
2622                 .name   = "verify_dump",
2623                 .lname  = "Verify dump",
2624                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2625                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_dump),
2626                 .def    = "0",
2627                 .help   = "Dump contents of good and bad blocks on failure",
2628                 .parent = "verify",
2629                 .hide   = 1,
2630                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2631                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2632         },
2633         {
2634                 .name   = "verify_async",
2635                 .lname  = "Verify asynchronously",
2636                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2637                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_async),
2638                 .def    = "0",
2639                 .help   = "Number of async verifier threads to use",
2640                 .parent = "verify",
2641                 .hide   = 1,
2642                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2643                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2644         },
2645         {
2646                 .name   = "verify_backlog",
2647                 .lname  = "Verify backlog",
2648                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2649                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_backlog),
2650                 .help   = "Verify after this number of blocks are written",
2651                 .parent = "verify",
2652                 .hide   = 1,
2653                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2654                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2655         },
2656         {
2657                 .name   = "verify_backlog_batch",
2658                 .lname  = "Verify backlog batch",
2659                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2660                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_batch),
2661                 .help   = "Verify this number of IO blocks",
2662                 .parent = "verify",
2663                 .hide   = 1,
2664                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2665                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2666         },
2667 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
2668         {
2669                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
2670                 .lname  = "Async verify CPUs",
2671                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2672                 .cb     = str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
2673                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_cpumask),
2674                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
2675                 .parent = "verify_async",
2676                 .hide   = 1,
2677                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2678                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2679         },
2680 #endif
2681         {
2682                 .name   = "experimental_verify",
2683                 .lname  = "Experimental Verify",
2684                 .off1   = td_var_offset(experimental_verify),
2685                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2686                 .help   = "Enable experimental verification",
2687                 .parent = "verify",
2688                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2689                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2690         },
2691         {
2692                 .name   = "verify_state_load",
2693                 .lname  = "Load verify state",
2694                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_state),
2695                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2696                 .help   = "Load verify termination state",
2697                 .parent = "verify",
2698                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2699                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2700         },
2701         {
2702                 .name   = "verify_state_save",
2703                 .lname  = "Save verify state",
2704                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_state_save),
2705                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2706                 .def    = "1",
2707                 .help   = "Save verify state on termination",
2708                 .parent = "verify",
2709                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2710                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2711         },
2712 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_TRIM
2713         {
2714                 .name   = "trim_percentage",
2715                 .lname  = "Trim percentage",
2716                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2717                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_percentage),
2718                 .minval = 0,
2719                 .maxval = 100,
2720                 .help   = "Number of verify blocks to discard/trim",
2721                 .parent = "verify",
2722                 .def    = "0",
2723                 .interval = 1,
2724                 .hide   = 1,
2725                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2726                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2727         },
2728         {
2729                 .name   = "trim_verify_zero",
2730                 .lname  = "Verify trim zero",
2731                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2732                 .help   = "Verify that trim/discarded blocks are returned as zeroes",
2733                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_zero),
2734                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2735                 .hide   = 1,
2736                 .def    = "1",
2737                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2738                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2739         },
2740         {
2741                 .name   = "trim_backlog",
2742                 .lname  = "Trim backlog",
2743                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2744                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_backlog),
2745                 .help   = "Trim after this number of blocks are written",
2746                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2747                 .hide   = 1,
2748                 .interval = 1,
2749                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2750                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2751         },
2752         {
2753                 .name   = "trim_backlog_batch",
2754                 .lname  = "Trim backlog batch",
2755                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2756                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_batch),
2757                 .help   = "Trim this number of IO blocks",
2758                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2759                 .hide   = 1,
2760                 .interval = 1,
2761                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2762                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2763         },
2764 #endif
2765         {
2766                 .name   = "write_iolog",
2767                 .lname  = "Write I/O log",
2768                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2769                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_iolog_file),
2770                 .help   = "Store IO pattern to file",
2771                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2772                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2773         },
2774         {
2775                 .name   = "read_iolog",
2776                 .lname  = "Read I/O log",
2777                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2778                 .off1   = td_var_offset(read_iolog_file),
2779                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern from file",
2780                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2781                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2782         },
2783         {
2784                 .name   = "replay_no_stall",
2785                 .lname  = "Don't stall on replay",
2786                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2787                 .off1   = td_var_offset(no_stall),
2788                 .def    = "0",
2789                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2790                 .hide   = 1,
2791                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern file as fast as possible without stalls",
2792                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2793                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2794         },
2795         {
2796                 .name   = "replay_redirect",
2797                 .lname  = "Redirect device for replay",
2798                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2799                 .off1   = td_var_offset(replay_redirect),
2800                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2801                 .hide   = 1,
2802                 .help   = "Replay all I/O onto this device, regardless of trace device",
2803                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2804                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2805         },
2806         {
2807                 .name   = "replay_scale",
2808                 .lname  = "Replace offset scale factor",
2809                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2810                 .off1   = td_var_offset(replay_scale),
2811                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2812                 .def    = "1",
2813                 .help   = "Align offsets to this blocksize",
2814                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2815                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2816         },
2817         {
2818                 .name   = "replay_align",
2819                 .lname  = "Replace alignment",
2820                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2821                 .off1   = td_var_offset(replay_align),
2822                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2823                 .help   = "Scale offset down by this factor",
2824                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2825                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2826                 .pow2   = 1,
2827         },
2828         {
2829                 .name   = "exec_prerun",
2830                 .lname  = "Pre-execute runnable",
2831                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2832                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_prerun),
2833                 .help   = "Execute this file prior to running job",
2834                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2835                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2836         },
2837         {
2838                 .name   = "exec_postrun",
2839                 .lname  = "Post-execute runnable",
2840                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2841                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_postrun),
2842                 .help   = "Execute this file after running job",
2843                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2844                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2845         },
2846 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
2847         {
2848                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
2849                 .lname  = "I/O scheduler",
2850                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2851                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioscheduler),
2852                 .help   = "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
2853                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2854                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2855         },
2856 #endif
2857         {
2858                 .name   = "zonesize",
2859                 .lname  = "Zone size",
2860                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2861                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_size),
2862                 .help   = "Amount of data to read per zone",
2863                 .def    = "0",
2864                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2865                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2866                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2867         },
2868         {
2869                 .name   = "zonerange",
2870                 .lname  = "Zone range",
2871                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2872                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_range),
2873                 .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
2874                 .def    = "0",
2875                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2876                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2877                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2878         },
2879         {
2880                 .name   = "zoneskip",
2881                 .lname  = "Zone skip",
2882                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2883                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_skip),
2884                 .help   = "Space between IO zones",
2885                 .def    = "0",
2886                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2887                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2888                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2889         },
2890         {
2891                 .name   = "lockmem",
2892                 .lname  = "Lock memory",
2893                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2894                 .off1   = td_var_offset(lockmem),
2895                 .help   = "Lock down this amount of memory (per worker)",
2896                 .def    = "0",
2897                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2898                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2899                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2900         },
2901         {
2902                 .name   = "rwmixread",
2903                 .lname  = "Read/write mix read",
2904                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2905                 .cb     = str_rwmix_read_cb,
2906                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rwmix[DDIR_READ]),
2907                 .maxval = 100,
2908                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
2909                 .def    = "50",
2910                 .interval = 5,
2911                 .inverse = "rwmixwrite",
2912                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2913                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2914         },
2915         {
2916                 .name   = "rwmixwrite",
2917                 .lname  = "Read/write mix write",
2918                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2919                 .cb     = str_rwmix_write_cb,
2920                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rwmix[DDIR_WRITE]),
2921                 .maxval = 100,
2922                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
2923                 .def    = "50",
2924                 .interval = 5,
2925                 .inverse = "rwmixread",
2926                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2927                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2928         },
2929         {
2930                 .name   = "rwmixcycle",
2931                 .lname  = "Read/write mix cycle",
2932                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
2933                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2934                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2935         },
2936         {
2937                 .name   = "nice",
2938                 .lname  = "Nice",
2939                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2940                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nice),
2941                 .help   = "Set job CPU nice value",
2942                 .minval = -19,
2943                 .maxval = 20,
2944                 .def    = "0",
2945                 .interval = 1,
2946                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2947                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2948         },
2949 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
2950         {
2951                 .name   = "prio",
2952                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority",
2953                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2954                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioprio),
2955                 .help   = "Set job IO priority value",
2956                 .minval = 0,
2957                 .maxval = 7,
2958                 .interval = 1,
2959                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2960                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2961         },
2962         {
2963                 .name   = "prioclass",
2964                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority class",
2965                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2966                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioprio_class),
2967                 .help   = "Set job IO priority class",
2968                 .minval = 0,
2969                 .maxval = 3,
2970                 .interval = 1,
2971                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2972                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2973         },
2974 #endif
2975         {
2976                 .name   = "thinktime",
2977                 .lname  = "Thinktime",
2978                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2979                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime),
2980                 .help   = "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
2981                 .def    = "0",
2982                 .is_time = 1,
2983                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2984                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2985         },
2986         {
2987                 .name   = "thinktime_spin",
2988                 .lname  = "Thinktime spin",
2989                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2990                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_spin),
2991                 .help   = "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
2992                 .def    = "0",
2993                 .is_time = 1,
2994                 .parent = "thinktime",
2995                 .hide   = 1,
2996                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2997                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2998         },
2999         {
3000                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks",
3001                 .lname  = "Thinktime blocks",
3002                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3003                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_blocks),
3004                 .help   = "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
3005                 .def    = "1",
3006                 .parent = "thinktime",
3007                 .hide   = 1,
3008                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3009                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3010         },
3011         {
3012                 .name   = "rate",
3013                 .lname  = "I/O rate",
3014                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3015                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_READ]),
3016                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_WRITE]),
3017                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_TRIM]),
3018                 .help   = "Set bandwidth rate",
3019                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3020                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3021         },
3022         {
3023                 .name   = "rate_min",
3024                 .alias  = "ratemin",
3025                 .lname  = "I/O min rate",
3026                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3027                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_READ]),
3028                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_WRITE]),
3029                 .off3   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_TRIM]),
3030                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
3031                 .parent = "rate",
3032                 .hide   = 1,
3033                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3034                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3035         },
3036         {
3037                 .name   = "rate_iops",
3038                 .lname  = "I/O rate IOPS",
3039                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3040                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_READ]),
3041                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_WRITE]),
3042                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_TRIM]),
3043                 .help   = "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
3044                 .hide   = 1,
3045                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3046                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3047         },
3048         {
3049                 .name   = "rate_iops_min",
3050                 .lname  = "I/O min rate IOPS",
3051                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3052                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_READ]),
3053                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_WRITE]),
3054                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_TRIM]),
3055                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shut down",
3056                 .parent = "rate_iops",
3057                 .hide   = 1,
3058                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3059                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3060         },
3061         {
3062                 .name   = "rate_process",
3063                 .lname  = "Rate Process",
3064                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3065                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_process),
3066                 .help   = "What process controls how rated IO is managed",
3067                 .def    = "linear",
3068                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3069                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3070                 .posval = {
3071                           { .ival = "linear",
3072                             .oval = RATE_PROCESS_LINEAR,
3073                             .help = "Linear rate of IO",
3074                           },
3075                           {
3076                             .ival = "poisson",
3077                             .oval = RATE_PROCESS_POISSON,
3078                             .help = "Rate follows Poisson process",
3079                           },
3080                 },
3081                 .parent = "rate",
3082         },
3083         {
3084                 .name   = "rate_cycle",
3085                 .alias  = "ratecycle",
3086                 .lname  = "I/O rate cycle",
3087                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3088                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratecycle),
3089                 .help   = "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
3090                 .def    = "1000",
3091                 .parent = "rate",
3092                 .hide   = 1,
3093                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3094                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3095         },
3096         {
3097                 .name   = "max_latency",
3098                 .lname  = "Max Latency",
3099                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3100                 .off1   = td_var_offset(max_latency),
3101                 .help   = "Maximum tolerated IO latency (usec)",
3102                 .is_time = 1,
3103                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3104                 .group = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3105         },
3106         {
3107                 .name   = "latency_target",
3108                 .lname  = "Latency Target (usec)",
3109                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
3110                 .off1   = td_var_offset(latency_target),
3111                 .help   = "Ramp to max queue depth supporting this latency",
3112                 .is_time = 1,
3113                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3114                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3115         },
3116         {
3117                 .name   = "latency_window",
3118                 .lname  = "Latency Window (usec)",
3119                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
3120                 .off1   = td_var_offset(latency_window),
3121                 .help   = "Time to sustain latency_target",
3122                 .is_time = 1,
3123                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3124                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3125         },
3126         {
3127                 .name   = "latency_percentile",
3128                 .lname  = "Latency Percentile",
3129                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
3130                 .off1   = td_var_offset(latency_percentile),
3131                 .help   = "Percentile of IOs must be below latency_target",
3132                 .def    = "100",
3133                 .maxlen = 1,
3134                 .minfp  = 0.0,
3135                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
3136                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3137                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3138         },
3139         {
3140                 .name   = "invalidate",
3141                 .lname  = "Cache invalidate",
3142                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3143                 .off1   = td_var_offset(invalidate_cache),
3144                 .help   = "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
3145                 .def    = "1",
3146                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3147                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
3148         },
3149         {
3150                 .name   = "sync",
3151                 .lname  = "Synchronous I/O",
3152                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3153                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_io),
3154                 .help   = "Use O_SYNC for buffered writes",
3155                 .def    = "0",
3156                 .parent = "buffered",
3157                 .hide   = 1,
3158                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3159                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
3160         },
3161         {
3162                 .name   = "create_serialize",
3163                 .lname  = "Create serialize",
3164                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3165                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_serialize),
3166                 .help   = "Serialize creating of job files",
3167                 .def    = "1",
3168                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3169                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3170         },
3171         {
3172                 .name   = "create_fsync",
3173                 .lname  = "Create fsync",
3174                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3175                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_fsync),
3176                 .help   = "fsync file after creation",
3177                 .def    = "1",
3178                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3179                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3180         },
3181         {
3182                 .name   = "create_on_open",
3183                 .lname  = "Create on open",
3184                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3185                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_on_open),
3186                 .help   = "Create files when they are opened for IO",
3187                 .def    = "0",
3188                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3189                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3190         },
3191         {
3192                 .name   = "create_only",
3193                 .lname  = "Create Only",
3194                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3195                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_only),
3196                 .help   = "Only perform file creation phase",
3197                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3198                 .def    = "0",
3199         },
3200         {
3201                 .name   = "allow_file_create",
3202                 .lname  = "Allow file create",
3203                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3204                 .off1   = td_var_offset(allow_create),
3205                 .help   = "Permit fio to create files, if they don't exist",
3206                 .def    = "1",
3207                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3208                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
3209         },
3210         {
3211                 .name   = "allow_mounted_write",
3212                 .lname  = "Allow mounted write",
3213                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3214                 .off1   = td_var_offset(allow_mounted_write),
3215                 .help   = "Allow writes to a mounted partition",
3216                 .def    = "0",
3217                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3218                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
3219         },
3220         {
3221                 .name   = "pre_read",
3222                 .lname  = "Pre-read files",
3223                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3224                 .off1   = td_var_offset(pre_read),
3225                 .help   = "Pre-read files before starting official testing",
3226                 .def    = "0",
3227                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3228                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3229         },
3230 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
3231         {
3232                 .name   = "cpumask",
3233                 .lname  = "CPU mask",
3234                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3235                 .cb     = str_cpumask_cb,
3236                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cpumask),
3237                 .help   = "CPU affinity mask",
3238                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3239                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3240         },
3241         {
3242                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
3243                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed",
3244                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3245                 .cb     = str_cpus_allowed_cb,
3246                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cpumask),
3247                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed",
3248                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3249                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3250         },
3251         {
3252                 .name   = "cpus_allowed_policy",
3253                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed distribution policy",
3254                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3255                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cpus_allowed_policy),
3256                 .help   = "Distribution policy for cpus_allowed",
3257                 .parent = "cpus_allowed",
3258                 .prio   = 1,
3259                 .posval = {
3260                           { .ival = "shared",
3261                             .oval = FIO_CPUS_SHARED,
3262                             .help = "Mask shared between threads",
3263                           },
3264                           { .ival = "split",
3265                             .oval = FIO_CPUS_SPLIT,
3266                             .help = "Mask split between threads",
3267                           },
3268                 },
3269                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3270                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3271         },
3272 #endif
3273 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
3274         {
3275                 .name   = "numa_cpu_nodes",
3276                 .lname  = "NUMA CPU Nodes",
3277                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3278                 .cb     = str_numa_cpunodes_cb,
3279                 .off1   = td_var_offset(numa_cpunodes),
3280                 .help   = "NUMA CPU nodes bind",
3281                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3282                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3283         },
3284         {
3285                 .name   = "numa_mem_policy",
3286                 .lname  = "NUMA Memory Policy",
3287                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3288                 .cb     = str_numa_mpol_cb,
3289                 .off1   = td_var_offset(numa_memnodes),
3290                 .help   = "NUMA memory policy setup",
3291                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3292                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3293         },
3294 #endif
3295         {
3296                 .name   = "end_fsync",
3297                 .lname  = "End fsync",
3298                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3299                 .off1   = td_var_offset(end_fsync),
3300                 .help   = "Include fsync at the end of job",
3301                 .def    = "0",
3302                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3303                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3304         },
3305         {
3306                 .name   = "fsync_on_close",
3307                 .lname  = "Fsync on close",
3308                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3309                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_on_close),
3310                 .help   = "fsync files on close",
3311                 .def    = "0",
3312                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3313                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3314         },
3315         {
3316                 .name   = "unlink",
3317                 .lname  = "Unlink file",
3318                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3319                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unlink),
3320                 .help   = "Unlink created files after job has completed",
3321                 .def    = "0",
3322                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3323                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3324         },
3325         {
3326                 .name   = "exitall",
3327                 .lname  = "Exit-all on terminate",
3328                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3329                 .cb     = str_exitall_cb,
3330                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
3331                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3332                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3333         },
3334         {
3335                 .name   = "exitall_on_error",
3336                 .lname  = "Exit-all on terminate in error",
3337                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3338                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unlink),
3339                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits in error",
3340                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3341                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3342         },
3343         {
3344                 .name   = "stonewall",
3345                 .lname  = "Wait for previous",
3346                 .alias  = "wait_for_previous",
3347                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3348                 .off1   = td_var_offset(stonewall),
3349                 .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
3350                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3351                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3352         },
3353         {
3354                 .name   = "new_group",
3355                 .lname  = "New group",
3356                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3357                 .off1   = td_var_offset(new_group),
3358                 .help   = "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
3359                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3360                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3361         },
3362         {
3363                 .name   = "thread",
3364                 .lname  = "Thread",
3365                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3366                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_thread),
3367                 .help   = "Use threads instead of processes",
3368 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_SHM
3369                 .def    = "1",
3370                 .no_warn_def = 1,
3371 #endif
3372                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3373                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3374         },
3375         {
3376                 .name   = "per_job_logs",
3377                 .lname  = "Per Job Logs",
3378                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3379                 .off1   = td_var_offset(per_job_logs),
3380                 .help   = "Include job number in generated log files or not",
3381                 .def    = "1",
3382                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3383                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3384         },
3385         {
3386                 .name   = "write_bw_log",
3387                 .lname  = "Write bandwidth log",
3388                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3389                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_log_file),
3390                 .help   = "Write log of bandwidth during run",
3391                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3392                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3393         },
3394         {
3395                 .name   = "write_lat_log",
3396                 .lname  = "Write latency log",
3397                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3398                 .off1   = td_var_offset(lat_log_file),
3399                 .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
3400                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3401                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3402         },
3403         {
3404                 .name   = "write_iops_log",
3405                 .lname  = "Write IOPS log",
3406                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3407                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_log_file),
3408                 .help   = "Write log of IOPS during run",
3409                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3410                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3411         },
3412         {
3413                 .name   = "log_avg_msec",
3414                 .lname  = "Log averaging (msec)",
3415                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3416                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_avg_msec),
3417                 .help   = "Average bw/iops/lat logs over this period of time",
3418                 .def    = "0",
3419                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3420                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3421         },
3422         {
3423                 .name   = "log_max_value",
3424                 .lname  = "Log maximum instead of average",
3425                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3426                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_max),
3427                 .help   = "Log max sample in a window instead of average",
3428                 .def    = "0",
3429                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3430                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3431         },
3432         {
3433                 .name   = "log_offset",
3434                 .lname  = "Log offset of IO",
3435                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3436                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_offset),
3437                 .help   = "Include offset of IO for each log entry",
3438                 .def    = "0",
3439                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3440                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3441         },
3442 #ifdef CONFIG_ZLIB
3443         {
3444                 .name   = "log_compression",
3445                 .lname  = "Log compression",
3446                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3447                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_gz),
3448                 .help   = "Log in compressed chunks of this size",
3449                 .minval = 1024ULL,
3450                 .maxval = 512 * 1024 * 1024ULL,
3451                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3452                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3453         },
3454 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
3455         {
3456                 .name   = "log_compression_cpus",
3457                 .lname  = "Log Compression CPUs",
3458                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3459                 .cb     = str_log_cpus_allowed_cb,
3460                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_gz_cpumask),
3461                 .parent = "log_compression",
3462                 .help   = "Limit log compression to these CPUs",
3463                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3464                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3465         },
3466 #endif
3467         {
3468                 .name   = "log_store_compressed",
3469                 .lname  = "Log store compressed",
3470                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3471                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_gz_store),
3472                 .help   = "Store logs in a compressed format",
3473                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3474                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3475         },
3476 #endif
3477         {
3478                 .name   = "block_error_percentiles",
3479                 .lname  = "Block error percentiles",
3480                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3481                 .off1   = td_var_offset(block_error_hist),
3482                 .help   = "Record trim block errors and make a histogram",
3483                 .def    = "0",
3484                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3485                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3486         },
3487         {
3488                 .name   = "bwavgtime",
3489                 .lname  = "Bandwidth average time",
3490                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3491                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_avg_time),
3492                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
3493                           " (msec)",
3494                 .def    = "500",
3495                 .parent = "write_bw_log",
3496                 .hide   = 1,
3497                 .interval = 100,
3498                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3499                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3500         },
3501         {
3502                 .name   = "iopsavgtime",
3503                 .lname  = "IOPS average time",
3504                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3505                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_avg_time),
3506                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate IOPS (msec)",
3507                 .def    = "500",
3508                 .parent = "write_iops_log",
3509                 .hide   = 1,
3510                 .interval = 100,
3511                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3512                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3513         },
3514         {
3515                 .name   = "group_reporting",
3516                 .lname  = "Group reporting",
3517                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3518                 .off1   = td_var_offset(group_reporting),
3519                 .help   = "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
3520                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3521                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3522         },
3523         {
3524                 .name   = "zero_buffers",
3525                 .lname  = "Zero I/O buffers",
3526                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3527                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zero_buffers),
3528                 .help   = "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
3529                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3530                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3531         },
3532         {
3533                 .name   = "refill_buffers",
3534                 .lname  = "Refill I/O buffers",
3535                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3536                 .off1   = td_var_offset(refill_buffers),
3537                 .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
3538                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3539                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3540         },
3541         {
3542                 .name   = "scramble_buffers",
3543                 .lname  = "Scramble I/O buffers",
3544                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3545                 .off1   = td_var_offset(scramble_buffers),
3546                 .help   = "Slightly scramble buffers on every IO submit",
3547                 .def    = "1",
3548                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3549                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3550         },
3551         {
3552                 .name   = "buffer_pattern",
3553                 .lname  = "Buffer pattern",
3554                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3555                 .cb     = str_buffer_pattern_cb,
3556                 .off1   = td_var_offset(buffer_pattern),
3557                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
3558                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3559                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3560         },
3561         {
3562                 .name   = "buffer_compress_percentage",
3563                 .lname  = "Buffer compression percentage",
3564                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3565                 .cb     = str_buffer_compress_cb,
3566                 .off1   = td_var_offset(compress_percentage),
3567                 .maxval = 100,
3568                 .minval = 0,
3569                 .help   = "How compressible the buffer is (approximately)",
3570                 .interval = 5,
3571                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3572                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3573         },
3574         {
3575                 .name   = "buffer_compress_chunk",
3576                 .lname  = "Buffer compression chunk size",
3577                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3578                 .off1   = td_var_offset(compress_chunk),
3579                 .parent = "buffer_compress_percentage",
3580                 .hide   = 1,
3581                 .help   = "Size of compressible region in buffer",
3582                 .interval = 256,
3583                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3584                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3585         },
3586         {
3587                 .name   = "dedupe_percentage",
3588                 .lname  = "Dedupe percentage",
3589                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3590                 .cb     = str_dedupe_cb,
3591                 .off1   = td_var_offset(dedupe_percentage),
3592                 .maxval = 100,
3593                 .minval = 0,
3594                 .help   = "Percentage of buffers that are dedupable",
3595                 .interval = 1,
3596                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3597                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
3598         },
3599         {
3600                 .name   = "clat_percentiles",
3601                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentiles",
3602                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3603                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clat_percentiles),
3604                 .help   = "Enable the reporting of completion latency percentiles",
3605                 .def    = "1",
3606                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3607                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3608         },
3609         {
3610                 .name   = "percentile_list",
3611                 .lname  = "Percentile list",
3612                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
3613                 .off1   = td_var_offset(percentile_list),
3614                 .off2   = td_var_offset(percentile_precision),
3615                 .help   = "Specify a custom list of percentiles to report for "
3616                           "completion latency and block errors",
3617                 .def    = "1:5:10:20:30:40:50:60:70:80:90:95:99:99.5:99.9:99.95:99.99",
3618                 .maxlen = FIO_IO_U_LIST_MAX_LEN,
3619                 .minfp  = 0.0,
3620                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
3621                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3622                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3623         },
3624
3625 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
3626         {
3627                 .name   = "disk_util",
3628                 .lname  = "Disk utilization",
3629                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3630                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_disk_util),
3631                 .help   = "Log disk utilization statistics",
3632                 .def    = "1",
3633                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3634                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3635         },
3636 #endif
3637         {
3638                 .name   = "gtod_reduce",
3639                 .lname  = "Reduce gettimeofday() calls",
3640                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3641                 .help   = "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
3642                 .cb     = str_gtod_reduce_cb,
3643                 .def    = "0",
3644                 .hide_on_set = 1,
3645                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3646                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3647         },
3648         {
3649                 .name   = "disable_lat",
3650                 .lname  = "Disable all latency stats",
3651                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3652                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_lat),
3653                 .help   = "Disable latency numbers",
3654                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3655                 .hide   = 1,
3656                 .def    = "0",
3657                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3658                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3659         },
3660         {
3661                 .name   = "disable_clat",
3662                 .lname  = "Disable completion latency stats",
3663                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3664                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_clat),
3665                 .help   = "Disable completion latency numbers",
3666                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3667                 .hide   = 1,
3668                 .def    = "0",
3669                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3670                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3671         },
3672         {
3673                 .name   = "disable_slat",
3674                 .lname  = "Disable submission latency stats",
3675                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3676                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_slat),
3677                 .help   = "Disable submission latency numbers",
3678                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3679                 .hide   = 1,
3680                 .def    = "0",
3681                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3682                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3683         },
3684         {
3685                 .name   = "disable_bw_measurement",
3686                 .lname  = "Disable bandwidth stats",
3687                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3688                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_bw),
3689                 .help   = "Disable bandwidth logging",
3690                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3691                 .hide   = 1,
3692                 .def    = "0",
3693                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3694                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3695         },
3696         {
3697                 .name   = "gtod_cpu",
3698                 .lname  = "Dedicated gettimeofday() CPU",
3699                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3700                 .off1   = td_var_offset(gtod_cpu),
3701                 .help   = "Set up dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
3702                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
3703                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3704                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
3705         },
3706         {
3707                 .name   = "unified_rw_reporting",
3708                 .lname  = "Unified RW Reporting",
3709                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3710                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unified_rw_rep),
3711                 .help   = "Unify reporting across data direction",
3712                 .def    = "0",
3713                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3714                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3715         },
3716         {
3717                 .name   = "continue_on_error",
3718                 .lname  = "Continue on error",
3719                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3720                 .off1   = td_var_offset(continue_on_error),
3721                 .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during IO",
3722                 .def    = "none",
3723                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3724                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3725                 .posval = {
3726                           { .ival = "none",
3727                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
3728                             .help = "Exit when an error is encountered",
3729                           },
3730                           { .ival = "read",
3731                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ,
3732                             .help = "Continue on read errors only",
3733                           },
3734                           { .ival = "write",
3735                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
3736                             .help = "Continue on write errors only",
3737                           },
3738                           { .ival = "io",
3739                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ | ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
3740                             .help = "Continue on any IO errors",
3741                           },
3742                           { .ival = "verify",
3743                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_VERIFY,
3744                             .help = "Continue on verify errors only",
3745                           },
3746                           { .ival = "all",
3747                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
3748                             .help = "Continue on all io and verify errors",
3749                           },
3750                           { .ival = "0",
3751                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
3752                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
3753                           },
3754                           { .ival = "1",
3755                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
3756                             .help = "Alias for 'all'",
3757                           },
3758                 },
3759         },
3760         {
3761                 .name   = "ignore_error",
3762                 .lname  = "Ignore Error",
3763                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3764                 .cb     = str_ignore_error_cb,
3765                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ignore_error_nr),
3766                 .help   = "Set a specific list of errors to ignore",
3767                 .parent = "rw",
3768                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3769                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3770         },
3771         {
3772                 .name   = "error_dump",
3773                 .lname  = "Error Dump",
3774                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3775                 .off1   = td_var_offset(error_dump),
3776                 .def    = "0",
3777                 .help   = "Dump info on each error",
3778                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3779                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3780         },
3781         {
3782                 .name   = "profile",
3783                 .lname  = "Profile",
3784                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3785                 .off1   = td_var_offset(profile),
3786                 .help   = "Select a specific builtin performance test",
3787                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
3788                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3789         },
3790         {
3791                 .name   = "cgroup",
3792                 .lname  = "Cgroup",
3793                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3794                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup),
3795                 .help   = "Add job to cgroup of this name",
3796                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3797                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3798         },
3799         {
3800                 .name   = "cgroup_nodelete",
3801                 .lname  = "Cgroup no-delete",
3802                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3803                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_nodelete),
3804                 .help   = "Do not delete cgroups after job completion",
3805                 .def    = "0",
3806                 .parent = "cgroup",
3807                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3808                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3809         },
3810         {
3811                 .name   = "cgroup_weight",
3812                 .lname  = "Cgroup weight",
3813                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3814                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_weight),
3815                 .help   = "Use given weight for cgroup",
3816                 .minval = 100,
3817                 .maxval = 1000,
3818                 .parent = "cgroup",
3819                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3820                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3821         },
3822         {
3823                 .name   = "uid",
3824                 .lname  = "User ID",
3825                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3826                 .off1   = td_var_offset(uid),
3827                 .help   = "Run job with this user ID",
3828                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3829                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3830         },
3831         {
3832                 .name   = "gid",
3833                 .lname  = "Group ID",
3834                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3835                 .off1   = td_var_offset(gid),
3836                 .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
3837                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3838                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3839         },
3840         {
3841                 .name   = "kb_base",
3842                 .lname  = "KB Base",
3843                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3844                 .off1   = td_var_offset(kb_base),
3845                 .prio   = 1,
3846                 .def    = "1024",
3847                 .posval = {
3848                           { .ival = "1024",
3849                             .oval = 1024,
3850                             .help = "Use 1024 as the K base",
3851                           },
3852                           { .ival = "1000",
3853                             .oval = 1000,
3854                             .help = "Use 1000 as the K base",
3855                           },
3856                 },
3857                 .help   = "How many bytes per KB for reporting (1000 or 1024)",
3858                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3859                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3860         },
3861         {
3862                 .name   = "unit_base",
3863                 .lname  = "Base unit for reporting (Bits or Bytes)",
3864                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3865                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unit_base),
3866                 .prio   = 1,
3867                 .posval = {
3868                           { .ival = "0",
3869                             .oval = 0,
3870                             .help = "Auto-detect",
3871                           },
3872                           { .ival = "8",
3873                             .oval = 8,
3874                             .help = "Normal (byte based)",
3875                           },
3876                           { .ival = "1",
3877                             .oval = 1,
3878                             .help = "Bit based",
3879                           },
3880                 },
3881                 .help   = "Bit multiple of result summary data (8 for byte, 1 for bit)",
3882                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3883                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3884         },
3885         {
3886                 .name   = "hugepage-size",
3887                 .lname  = "Hugepage size",
3888                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3889                 .off1   = td_var_offset(hugepage_size),
3890                 .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
3891                 .def    = __fio_stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
3892                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3893                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3894                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3895         },
3896         {
3897                 .name   = "flow_id",
3898                 .lname  = "I/O flow ID",
3899                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3900                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_id),
3901                 .help   = "The flow index ID to use",
3902                 .def    = "0",
3903                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3904                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3905         },
3906         {
3907                 .name   = "flow",
3908                 .lname  = "I/O flow weight",
3909                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3910                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow),
3911                 .help   = "Weight for flow control of this job",
3912                 .parent = "flow_id",
3913                 .hide   = 1,
3914                 .def    = "0",
3915                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3916                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3917         },
3918         {
3919                 .name   = "flow_watermark",
3920                 .lname  = "I/O flow watermark",
3921                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3922                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_watermark),
3923                 .help   = "High watermark for flow control. This option"
3924                         " should be set to the same value for all threads"
3925                         " with non-zero flow.",
3926                 .parent = "flow_id",
3927                 .hide   = 1,
3928                 .def    = "1024",
3929                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3930                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3931         },
3932         {
3933                 .name   = "flow_sleep",
3934                 .lname  = "I/O flow sleep",
3935                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3936                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_sleep),
3937                 .help   = "How many microseconds to sleep after being held"
3938                         " back by the flow control mechanism",
3939                 .parent = "flow_id",
3940                 .hide   = 1,
3941                 .def    = "0",
3942                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3943                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3944         },
3945         {
3946                 .name   = "skip_bad",
3947                 .lname  = "Skip operations against bad blocks",
3948                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3949                 .off1   = td_var_offset(skip_bad),
3950                 .help   = "Skip operations against known bad blocks.",
3951                 .hide   = 1,
3952                 .def    = "0",
3953                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3954                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_MTD,
3955         },
3956         {
3957                 .name = NULL,
3958         },
3959 };
3960
3961 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o,
3962                         const char *name, int val)
3963 {
3964         lopt->name = (char *) name;
3965         lopt->val = val;
3966         if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
3967                 lopt->has_arg = optional_argument;
3968         else
3969                 lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
3970 }
3971
3972 static void options_to_lopts(struct fio_option *opts,
3973                               struct option *long_options,
3974                               int i, int option_type)
3975 {
3976         struct fio_option *o = &opts[0];
3977         while (o->name) {
3978                 add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->name, option_type);
3979                 if (o->alias) {
3980                         i++;
3981                         add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->alias, option_type);
3982                 }
3983
3984                 i++;
3985                 o++;
3986                 assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
3987         }
3988 }
3989
3990 void fio_options_set_ioengine_opts(struct option *long_options,
3991                                    struct thread_data *td)
3992 {
3993         unsigned int i;
3994
3995         i = 0;
3996         while (long_options[i].name) {
3997                 if (long_options[i].val == FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE) {
3998                         memset(&long_options[i], 0, sizeof(*long_options));
3999                         break;
4000                 }
4001                 i++;
4002         }
4003
4004         /*
4005          * Just clear out the prior ioengine options.
4006          */
4007         if (!td || !td->eo)
4008                 return;
4009
4010         options_to_lopts(td->io_ops->options, long_options, i,
4011                          FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE);
4012 }
4013
4014 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
4015 {
4016         unsigned int i;
4017
4018         options_init(fio_options);
4019
4020         i = 0;
4021         while (long_options[i].name)
4022                 i++;
4023
4024         options_to_lopts(fio_options, long_options, i, FIO_GETOPT_JOB);
4025 }
4026
4027 struct fio_keyword {
4028         const char *word;
4029         const char *desc;
4030         char *replace;
4031 };
4032
4033 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
4034         {
4035                 .word   = "$pagesize",
4036                 .desc   = "Page size in the system",
4037         },
4038         {
4039                 .word   = "$mb_memory",
4040                 .desc   = "Megabytes of memory online",
4041         },
4042         {
4043                 .word   = "$ncpus",
4044                 .desc   = "Number of CPUs online in the system",
4045         },
4046         {
4047                 .word   = NULL,
4048         },
4049 };
4050
4051 void fio_keywords_exit(void)
4052 {
4053         struct fio_keyword *kw;
4054
4055         kw = &fio_keywords[0];
4056         while (kw->word) {
4057                 free(kw->replace);
4058                 kw->replace = NULL;
4059                 kw++;
4060         }
4061 }
4062
4063 void fio_keywords_init(void)
4064 {
4065         unsigned long long mb_memory;
4066         char buf[128];
4067         long l;
4068
4069         sprintf(buf, "%lu", (unsigned long) page_size);
4070         fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
4071
4072         mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / (1024 * 1024);
4073         sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
4074         fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
4075
4076         l = cpus_online();
4077         sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
4078         fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
4079 }
4080
4081 #define BC_APP          "bc"
4082
4083 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
4084 {
4085         char buf[128], *tmp;
4086         FILE *f;
4087         int ret;
4088
4089         /*
4090          * No math, just return string
4091          */
4092         if ((!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
4093              !strchr(str, '/')) || strchr(str, '\''))
4094                 return str;
4095
4096         /*
4097          * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
4098          */
4099         tmp = strchr(str, '=');
4100         if (!tmp)
4101                 return str;
4102
4103         tmp++;
4104
4105         /*
4106          * Prevent buffer overflows; such a case isn't reasonable anyway
4107          */
4108         if (strlen(str) >= 128 || strlen(tmp) > 100)
4109                 return str;
4110
4111         sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
4112         if (system(buf)) {
4113                 log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
4114                 return NULL;
4115         }
4116
4117         sprintf(buf, "echo '%s' | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
4118         f = popen(buf, "r");
4119         if (!f)
4120                 return NULL;
4121
4122         ret = fread(&buf[tmp - str], 1, 128 - (tmp - str), f);
4123         if (ret <= 0) {
4124                 pclose(f);
4125                 return NULL;
4126         }
4127
4128         pclose(f);
4129         buf[(tmp - str) + ret - 1] = '\0';
4130         memcpy(buf, str, tmp - str);
4131         free(str);
4132         return strdup(buf);
4133 }
4134
4135 /*
4136  * Return a copy of the input string with substrings of the form ${VARNAME}
4137  * substituted with the value of the environment variable VARNAME.  The
4138  * substitution always occurs, even if VARNAME is empty or the corresponding
4139  * environment variable undefined.
4140  */
4141 static char *option_dup_subs(const char *opt)
4142 {
4143         char out[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
4144         char in[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
4145         char *outptr = out;
4146         char *inptr = in;
4147         char *ch1, *ch2, *env;
4148         ssize_t nchr = OPT_LEN_MAX;
4149         size_t envlen;
4150
4151         if (strlen(opt) + 1 > OPT_LEN_MAX) {
4152                 log_err("OPT_LEN_MAX (%d) is too small\n", OPT_LEN_MAX);
4153                 return NULL;
4154         }
4155
4156         in[OPT_LEN_MAX] = '\0';
4157         strncpy(in, opt, OPT_LEN_MAX);
4158
4159         while (*inptr && nchr > 0) {
4160                 if (inptr[0] == '$' && inptr[1] == '{') {
4161                         ch2 = strchr(inptr, '}');
4162                         if (ch2 && inptr+1 < ch2) {
4163                                 ch1 = inptr+2;
4164                                 inptr = ch2+1;
4165                                 *ch2 = '\0';
4166
4167                                 env = getenv(ch1);
4168                                 if (env) {
4169                                         envlen = strlen(env);
4170                                         if (envlen <= nchr) {
4171                                                 memcpy(outptr, env, envlen);
4172                                                 outptr += envlen;
4173                                                 nchr -= envlen;
4174                                         }
4175                                 }
4176
4177                                 continue;
4178                         }
4179                 }
4180
4181                 *outptr++ = *inptr++;
4182                 --nchr;
4183         }
4184
4185         *outptr = '\0';
4186         return strdup(out);
4187 }
4188
4189 /*
4190  * Look for reserved variable names and replace them with real values
4191  */
4192 static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
4193 {
4194         char *s;
4195         int i;
4196         int docalc = 0;
4197
4198         for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
4199                 struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
4200
4201                 while ((s = strstr(opt, kw->word)) != NULL) {
4202                         char *new = malloc(strlen(opt) + 1);
4203                         char *o_org = opt;
4204                         int olen = s - opt;
4205                         int len;
4206
4207                         /*
4208                          * Copy part of the string before the keyword and
4209                          * sprintf() the replacement after it.
4210                          */
4211                         memcpy(new, opt, olen);
4212                         len = sprintf(new + olen, "%s", kw->replace);
4213
4214                         /*
4215                          * If there's more in the original string, copy that
4216                          * in too
4217                          */
4218                         opt += strlen(kw->word) + olen;
4219                         if (strlen(opt))
4220                                 memcpy(new + olen + len, opt, opt - o_org - 1);
4221
4222                         /*
4223                          * replace opt and free the old opt
4224                          */
4225                         opt = new;
4226                         free(o_org);
4227
4228                         docalc = 1;
4229                 }
4230         }
4231
4232         /*
4233          * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
4234          */
4235         if (docalc)
4236                 opt = bc_calc(opt);
4237
4238         return opt;
4239 }
4240
4241 static char **dup_and_sub_options(char **opts, int num_opts)
4242 {
4243         int i;
4244         char **opts_copy = malloc(num_opts * sizeof(*opts));
4245         for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
4246                 opts_copy[i] = option_dup_subs(opts[i]);
4247                 if (!opts_copy[i])
4248                         continue;
4249                 opts_copy[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts_copy[i]);
4250         }
4251         return opts_copy;
4252 }
4253
4254 static void show_closest_option(const char *opt)
4255 {
4256         int best_option, best_distance;
4257         int i, distance;
4258         char *name;
4259
4260         if (!strlen(opt))
4261                 return;
4262
4263         name = strdup(opt);
4264         i = 0;
4265         while (name[i] != '\0' && name[i] != '=')
4266                 i++;
4267         name[i] = '\0';
4268
4269         best_option = -1;
4270         best_distance = INT_MAX;
4271         i = 0;
4272         while (fio_options[i].name) {
4273                 distance = string_distance(name, fio_options[i].name);
4274                 if (distance < best_distance) {
4275                         best_distance = distance;
4276                         best_option = i;
4277                 }
4278                 i++;
4279         }
4280
4281         if (best_option != -1 && string_distance_ok(name, best_distance))
4282                 log_err("Did you mean %s?\n", fio_options[best_option].name);
4283
4284         free(name);
4285 }
4286
4287 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts)
4288 {
4289         int i, ret, unknown;
4290         char **opts_copy;
4291
4292         sort_options(opts, fio_options, num_opts);
4293         opts_copy = dup_and_sub_options(opts, num_opts);
4294
4295         for (ret = 0, i = 0, unknown = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
4296                 struct fio_option *o;
4297                 int newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i], fio_options,
4298                                                 &o, td, &td->opt_list);
4299
4300                 if (!newret && o)
4301                         fio_option_mark_set(&td->o, o);
4302
4303                 if (opts_copy[i]) {
4304                         if (newret && !o) {
4305                                 unknown++;
4306                                 continue;
4307                         }
4308                         free(opts_copy[i]);
4309                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
4310                 }
4311
4312                 ret |= newret;
4313         }
4314
4315         if (unknown) {
4316                 ret |= ioengine_load(td);
4317                 if (td->eo) {
4318                         sort_options(opts_copy, td->io_ops->options, num_opts);
4319                         opts = opts_copy;
4320                 }
4321                 for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
4322                         struct fio_option *o = NULL;
4323                         int newret = 1;
4324
4325                         if (!opts_copy[i])
4326                                 continue;
4327
4328                         if (td->eo)
4329                                 newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i],
4330                                                       td->io_ops->options, &o,
4331                                                       td->eo, &td->opt_list);
4332
4333                         ret |= newret;
4334                         if (!o) {
4335                                 log_err("Bad option <%s>\n", opts[i]);
4336                                 show_closest_option(opts[i]);
4337                         }
4338                         free(opts_copy[i]);
4339                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
4340                 }
4341         }
4342
4343         free(opts_copy);
4344         return ret;
4345 }
4346
4347 int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
4348 {
4349         int ret;
4350
4351         ret = parse_cmd_option(opt, val, fio_options, td, &td->opt_list);
4352         if (!ret) {
4353                 struct fio_option *o;
4354
4355                 o = find_option(fio_options, opt);
4356                 if (o)
4357                         fio_option_mark_set(&td->o, o);
4358         }
4359
4360         return ret;
4361 }
4362
4363 int fio_cmd_ioengine_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt,
4364                                 char *val)
4365 {
4366         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, td->io_ops->options, td->eo,
4367                                         &td->opt_list);
4368 }
4369
4370 void fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data *td)
4371 {
4372         td->o.magic = OPT_MAGIC;
4373         fill_default_options(td, fio_options);
4374 }
4375
4376 int fio_show_option_help(const char *opt)
4377 {
4378         return show_cmd_help(fio_options, opt);
4379 }
4380
4381 void options_mem_dupe(void *data, struct fio_option *options)
4382 {
4383         struct fio_option *o;
4384         char **ptr;
4385
4386         for (o = &options[0]; o->name; o++) {
4387                 if (o->type != FIO_OPT_STR_STORE)
4388                         continue;
4389
4390                 ptr = td_var(data, o, o->off1);
4391                 if (*ptr)
4392                         *ptr = strdup(*ptr);
4393         }
4394 }
4395
4396 /*
4397  * dupe FIO_OPT_STR_STORE options
4398  */
4399 void fio_options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
4400 {
4401         options_mem_dupe(&td->o, fio_options);
4402
4403         if (td->eo && td->io_ops) {
4404                 void *oldeo = td->eo;
4405
4406                 td->eo = malloc(td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
4407                 memcpy(td->eo, oldeo, td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
4408                 options_mem_dupe(td->eo, td->io_ops->options);
4409         }
4410 }
4411
4412 unsigned int fio_get_kb_base(void *data)
4413 {
4414         struct thread_options *o = data;
4415         unsigned int kb_base = 0;
4416
4417         /*
4418          * This is a hack... For private options, *data is not holding
4419          * a pointer to the thread_options, but to private data. This means
4420          * we can't safely dereference it, but magic is first so mem wise
4421          * it is valid. But this also means that if the job first sets
4422          * kb_base and expects that to be honored by private options,
4423          * it will be disappointed. We will return the global default
4424          * for this.
4425          */
4426         if (o && o->magic == OPT_MAGIC)
4427                 kb_base = o->kb_base;
4428         if (!kb_base)
4429                 kb_base = 1024;
4430
4431         return kb_base;
4432 }
4433
4434 int add_option(struct fio_option *o)
4435 {
4436         struct fio_option *__o;
4437         int opt_index = 0;
4438
4439         __o = fio_options;
4440         while (__o->name) {
4441                 opt_index++;
4442                 __o++;
4443         }
4444
4445         if (opt_index + 1 == FIO_MAX_OPTS) {
4446                 log_err("fio: FIO_MAX_OPTS is too small\n");
4447                 return 1;
4448         }
4449
4450         memcpy(&fio_options[opt_index], o, sizeof(*o));
4451         fio_options[opt_index + 1].name = NULL;
4452         return 0;
4453 }
4454
4455 void invalidate_profile_options(const char *prof_name)
4456 {
4457         struct fio_option *o;
4458
4459         o = fio_options;
4460         while (o->name) {
4461                 if (o->prof_name && !strcmp(o->prof_name, prof_name)) {
4462                         o->type = FIO_OPT_INVALID;
4463                         o->prof_name = NULL;
4464                 }
4465                 o++;
4466         }
4467 }
4468
4469 void add_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival, const char *help)
4470 {
4471         struct fio_option *o;
4472         unsigned int i;
4473
4474         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
4475         if (!o)
4476                 return;
4477
4478         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
4479                 if (o->posval[i].ival)
4480                         continue;
4481
4482                 o->posval[i].ival = ival;
4483                 o->posval[i].help = help;
4484                 break;
4485         }
4486 }
4487
4488 void del_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival)
4489 {
4490         struct fio_option *o;
4491         unsigned int i;
4492
4493         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
4494         if (!o)
4495                 return;
4496
4497         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
4498                 if (!o->posval[i].ival)
4499                         continue;
4500                 if (strcmp(o->posval[i].ival, ival))
4501                         continue;
4502
4503                 o->posval[i].ival = NULL;
4504                 o->posval[i].help = NULL;
4505         }
4506 }
4507
4508 void fio_options_free(struct thread_data *td)
4509 {
4510         options_free(fio_options, td);
4511         if (td->eo && td->io_ops && td->io_ops->options) {
4512                 options_free(td->io_ops->options, td->eo);
4513                 free(td->eo);
4514                 td->eo = NULL;
4515         }
4516 }
4517
4518 struct fio_option *fio_option_find(const char *name)
4519 {
4520         return find_option(fio_options, name);
4521 }
4522
4523 static struct fio_option *find_next_opt(struct thread_options *o,
4524                                         struct fio_option *from,
4525                                         unsigned int off1)
4526 {
4527         struct fio_option *opt;
4528
4529         if (!from)
4530                 from = &fio_options[0];
4531         else
4532                 from++;
4533
4534         opt = NULL;
4535         do {
4536                 if (off1 == from->off1) {
4537                         opt = from;
4538                         break;
4539                 }
4540                 from++;
4541         } while (from->name);
4542
4543         return opt;
4544 }
4545
4546 static int opt_is_set(struct thread_options *o, struct fio_option *opt)
4547 {
4548         unsigned int opt_off, index, offset;
4549
4550         opt_off = opt - &fio_options[0];
4551         index = opt_off / (8 * sizeof(uint64_t));
4552         offset = opt_off & ((8 * sizeof(uint64_t)) - 1);
4553         return (o->set_options[index] & ((uint64_t)1 << offset)) != 0;
4554 }
4555
4556 bool __fio_option_is_set(struct thread_options *o, unsigned int off1)
4557 {
4558         struct fio_option *opt, *next;
4559
4560         next = NULL;
4561         while ((opt = find_next_opt(o, next, off1)) != NULL) {
4562                 if (opt_is_set(o, opt))
4563                         return true;
4564
4565                 next = opt;
4566         }
4567
4568         return false;
4569 }
4570
4571 void fio_option_mark_set(struct thread_options *o, struct fio_option *opt)
4572 {
4573         unsigned int opt_off, index, offset;
4574
4575         opt_off = opt - &fio_options[0];
4576         index = opt_off / (8 * sizeof(uint64_t));
4577         offset = opt_off & ((8 * sizeof(uint64_t)) - 1);
4578         o->set_options[index] |= (uint64_t)1 << offset;
4579 }