options.c

   1 #include <stdio.h>
   2 #include <stdlib.h>
   3 #include <unistd.h>
   4 #include <ctype.h>
   5 #include <string.h>
   6 #include <assert.h>
   7 #include <libgen.h>
   8 #include <fcntl.h>
   9 #include <sys/types.h>
  10 #include <sys/stat.h>
  11 #include <netinet/in.h>
  12
  13 #include "fio.h"
  14 #include "verify.h"
  15 #include "parse.h"
  16 #include "lib/fls.h"
  17 #include "lib/pattern.h"
  18 #include "options.h"
  19 #include "optgroup.h"
  20
  21 char client_sockaddr_str[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN] = { 0 };
  22
  23 #define cb_data_to_td(data)     container_of(data, struct thread_data, o)
  24
  25 static struct pattern_fmt_desc fmt_desc[] = {
  26         {
  27                 .fmt   = "%o",
  28                 .len   = FIELD_SIZE(struct io_u *, offset),
  29                 .paste = paste_blockoff
  30         }
  31 };
  32
  33 /*
  34  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
  35  */
  36 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
  37 {
  38         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
  39
  40         if (!p)
  41                 return NULL;
  42
  43         p++;
  44         strip_blank_front(&p);
  45         strip_blank_end(p);
  46         return strdup(p);
  47 }
  48
  49 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  50 {
  51         const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
  52         const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
  53
  54         return (int) bsp1->perc - (int) bsp2->perc;
  55 }
  56
  57 struct split {
  58         unsigned int nr;
  59         unsigned int val1[ZONESPLIT_MAX];
  60         unsigned long long val2[ZONESPLIT_MAX];
  61 };
  62
  63 static int split_parse_ddir(struct thread_options *o, struct split *split,
  64                             enum fio_ddir ddir, char *str, bool absolute,
  65                             unsigned int max_splits)
  66 {
  67         unsigned long long perc;
  68         unsigned int i;
  69         long long val;
  70         char *fname;
  71
  72         split->nr = 0;
  73
  74         i = 0;
  75         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
  76                 char *perc_str;
  77
  78                 if (!strlen(fname))
  79                         break;
  80
  81                 perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
  82                 if (perc_str) {
  83                         *perc_str = '\0';
  84                         perc_str++;
  85                         if (absolute) {
  86                                 if (str_to_decimal(perc_str, &val, 1, o, 0, 0)) {
  87                                         log_err("fio: split conversion failed\n");
  88                                         return 1;
  89                                 }
  90                                 perc = val;
  91                         } else {
  92                                 perc = atoi(perc_str);
  93                                 if (perc > 100)
  94                                         perc = 100;
  95                                 else if (!perc)
  96                                         perc = -1U;
  97                         }
  98                 } else {
  99                         if (absolute)
 100                                 perc = 0;
 101                         else
 102                                 perc = -1U;
 103                 }
 104
 105                 if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, o, 0, 0)) {
 106                         log_err("fio: split conversion failed\n");
 107                         return 1;
 108                 }
 109
 110                 split->val1[i] = val;
 111                 split->val2[i] = perc;
 112                 i++;
 113                 if (i == max_splits)
 114                         break;
 115         }
 116
 117         split->nr = i;
 118         return 0;
 119 }
 120
 121 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_options *o, enum fio_ddir ddir, char *str,
 122                         bool data)
 123 {
 124         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
 125         unsigned int max_bs, min_bs;
 126         struct split split;
 127
 128         memset(&split, 0, sizeof(split));
 129
 130         if (split_parse_ddir(o, &split, ddir, str, data, BSSPLIT_MAX))
 131                 return 1;
 132         if (!split.nr)
 133                 return 0;
 134
 135         max_bs = 0;
 136         min_bs = -1;
 137         o->bssplit[ddir] = malloc(split.nr * sizeof(struct bssplit));
 138         o->bssplit_nr[ddir] = split.nr;
 139         for (i = 0; i < split.nr; i++) {
 140                 if (split.val1[i] > max_bs)
 141                         max_bs = split.val1[i];
 142                 if (split.val1[i] < min_bs)
 143                         min_bs = split.val1[i];
 144
 145                 o->bssplit[ddir][i].bs = split.val1[i];
 146                 o->bssplit[ddir][i].perc =split.val2[i];
 147         }
 148
 149         /*
 150          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 151          */
 152         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 153         for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 154                 struct bssplit *bsp = &o->bssplit[ddir][i];
 155
 156                 if (bsp->perc == -1U)
 157                         perc_missing++;
 158                 else
 159                         perc += bsp->perc;
 160         }
 161
 162         if (perc > 100 && perc_missing > 1) {
 163                 log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 164                 free(o->bssplit[ddir]);
 165                 o->bssplit[ddir] = NULL;
 166                 return 1;
 167         }
 168
 169         /*
 170          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 171          * them.
 172          */
 173         if (perc_missing) {
 174                 if (perc_missing == 1 && o->bssplit_nr[ddir] == 1)
 175                         perc = 100;
 176                 for (i = 0; i < o->bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 177                         struct bssplit *bsp = &o->bssplit[ddir][i];
 178
 179                         if (bsp->perc == -1U)
 180                                 bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 181                 }
 182         }
 183
 184         o->min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
 185         o->max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
 186
 187         /*
 188          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 189          */
 190         qsort(o->bssplit[ddir], o->bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
 191         return 0;
 192 }
 193
 194 typedef int (split_parse_fn)(struct thread_options *, enum fio_ddir, char *, bool);
 195
 196 static int str_split_parse(struct thread_data *td, char *str,
 197                            split_parse_fn *fn, bool data)
 198 {
 199         char *odir, *ddir;
 200         int ret = 0;
 201
 202         odir = strchr(str, ',');
 203         if (odir) {
 204                 ddir = strchr(odir + 1, ',');
 205                 if (ddir) {
 206                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, ddir + 1, data);
 207                         if (!ret)
 208                                 *ddir = '\0';
 209                 } else {
 210                         char *op;
 211
 212                         op = strdup(odir + 1);
 213                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op, data);
 214
 215                         free(op);
 216                 }
 217                 if (!ret)
 218                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1, data);
 219                 if (!ret) {
 220                         *odir = '\0';
 221                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str, data);
 222                 }
 223         } else {
 224                 char *op;
 225
 226                 op = strdup(str);
 227                 ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_WRITE, op, data);
 228                 free(op);
 229
 230                 if (!ret) {
 231                         op = strdup(str);
 232                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_TRIM, op, data);
 233                         free(op);
 234                 }
 235                 if (!ret)
 236                         ret = fn(&td->o, DDIR_READ, str, data);
 237         }
 238
 239         return ret;
 240 }
 241
 242 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 243 {
 244         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 245         char *str, *p;
 246         int ret = 0;
 247
 248         p = str = strdup(input);
 249
 250         strip_blank_front(&str);
 251         strip_blank_end(str);
 252
 253         ret = str_split_parse(td, str, bssplit_ddir, false);
 254
 255         if (parse_dryrun()) {
 256                 int i;
 257
 258                 for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
 259                         free(td->o.bssplit[i]);
 260                         td->o.bssplit[i] = NULL;
 261                         td->o.bssplit_nr[i] = 0;
 262                 }
 263         }
 264
 265         free(p);
 266         return ret;
 267 }
 268
 269 static int str2error(char *str)
 270 {
 271         const char *err[] = { "EPERM", "ENOENT", "ESRCH", "EINTR", "EIO",
 272                             "ENXIO", "E2BIG", "ENOEXEC", "EBADF",
 273                             "ECHILD", "EAGAIN", "ENOMEM", "EACCES",
 274                             "EFAULT", "ENOTBLK", "EBUSY", "EEXIST",
 275                             "EXDEV", "ENODEV", "ENOTDIR", "EISDIR",
 276                             "EINVAL", "ENFILE", "EMFILE", "ENOTTY",
 277                             "ETXTBSY","EFBIG", "ENOSPC", "ESPIPE",
 278                             "EROFS","EMLINK", "EPIPE", "EDOM", "ERANGE" };
 279         int i = 0, num = sizeof(err) / sizeof(char *);
 280
 281         while (i < num) {
 282                 if (!strcmp(err[i], str))
 283                         return i + 1;
 284                 i++;
 285         }
 286         return 0;
 287 }
 288
 289 static int ignore_error_type(struct thread_data *td, enum error_type_bit etype,
 290                                 char *str)
 291 {
 292         unsigned int i;
 293         int *error;
 294         char *fname;
 295
 296         if (etype >= ERROR_TYPE_CNT) {
 297                 log_err("Illegal error type\n");
 298                 return 1;
 299         }
 300
 301         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = 4;
 302         error = calloc(4, sizeof(int));
 303
 304         i = 0;
 305         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
 306
 307                 if (!strlen(fname))
 308                         break;
 309
 310                 /*
 311                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
 312                  */
 313                 if (i == td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]) {
 314                         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] <<= 1;
 315                         error = realloc(error, td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]
 316                                                   * sizeof(int));
 317                 }
 318                 if (fname[0] == 'E') {
 319                         error[i] = str2error(fname);
 320                 } else {
 321                         error[i] = atoi(fname);
 322                         if (error[i] < 0)
 323                                 error[i] = -error[i];
 324                 }
 325                 if (!error[i]) {
 326                         log_err("Unknown error %s, please use number value\n",
 327                                   fname);
 328                         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = 0;
 329                         free(error);
 330                         return 1;
 331                 }
 332                 i++;
 333         }
 334         if (i) {
 335                 td->o.continue_on_error |= 1 << etype;
 336                 td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = i;
 337                 td->o.ignore_error[etype] = error;
 338         } else {
 339                 td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = 0;
 340                 free(error);
 341         }
 342
 343         return 0;
 344
 345 }
 346
 347 static int str_ignore_error_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 348 {
 349         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 350         char *str, *p, *n;
 351         int ret = 1;
 352         enum error_type_bit type = 0;
 353
 354         if (parse_dryrun())
 355                 return 0;
 356
 357         p = str = strdup(input);
 358
 359         strip_blank_front(&str);
 360         strip_blank_end(str);
 361
 362         while (p) {
 363                 n = strchr(p, ',');
 364                 if (n)
 365                         *n++ = '\0';
 366                 ret = ignore_error_type(td, type, p);
 367                 if (ret)
 368                         break;
 369                 p = n;
 370                 type++;
 371         }
 372         free(str);
 373         return ret;
 374 }
 375
 376 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 377 {
 378         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 379         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
 380         char *nr;
 381
 382         if (parse_dryrun())
 383                 return 0;
 384
 385         o->ddir_seq_nr = 1;
 386         o->ddir_seq_add = 0;
 387
 388         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 389         if (!nr)
 390                 return 0;
 391
 392         if (td_random(td))
 393                 o->ddir_seq_nr = atoi(nr);
 394         else {
 395                 long long val;
 396
 397                 if (str_to_decimal(nr, &val, 1, o, 0, 0)) {
 398                         log_err("fio: rw postfix parsing failed\n");
 399                         free(nr);
 400                         return 1;
 401                 }
 402
 403                 o->ddir_seq_add = val;
 404         }
 405
 406         free(nr);
 407         return 0;
 408 }
 409
 410 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 411 {
 412         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 413
 414         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAP ||
 415             td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPSHARED)
 416                 td->o.mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
 417
 418         return 0;
 419 }
 420
 421 static int fio_clock_source_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 422 {
 423         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 424
 425         fio_clock_source = td->o.clocksource;
 426         fio_clock_source_set = 1;
 427         fio_clock_init();
 428         return 0;
 429 }
 430
 431 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 432 {
 433         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 434
 435         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
 436         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
 437         return 0;
 438 }
 439
 440 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 441 {
 442         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 443
 444         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
 445         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
 446         return 0;
 447 }
 448
 449 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
 450 {
 451         exitall_on_terminate = 1;
 452         return 0;
 453 }
 454
 455 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 456 int fio_cpus_split(os_cpu_mask_t *mask, unsigned int cpu_index)
 457 {
 458         unsigned int i, index, cpus_in_mask;
 459         const long max_cpu = cpus_online();
 460
 461         cpus_in_mask = fio_cpu_count(mask);
 462         cpu_index = cpu_index % cpus_in_mask;
 463
 464         index = 0;
 465         for (i = 0; i < max_cpu; i++) {
 466                 if (!fio_cpu_isset(mask, i))
 467                         continue;
 468
 469                 if (cpu_index != index)
 470                         fio_cpu_clear(mask, i);
 471
 472                 index++;
 473         }
 474
 475         return fio_cpu_count(mask);
 476 }
 477
 478 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 479 {
 480         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 481         unsigned int i;
 482         long max_cpu;
 483         int ret;
 484
 485         if (parse_dryrun())
 486                 return 0;
 487
 488         ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
 489         if (ret < 0) {
 490                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 491                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 492                 return 1;
 493         }
 494
 495         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 496
 497         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
 498                 if ((1 << i) & *val) {
 499                         if (i >= max_cpu) {
 500                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
 501                                                                 max_cpu - 1);
 502                                 return 1;
 503                         }
 504                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
 505                         fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
 506                 }
 507         }
 508
 509         return 0;
 510 }
 511
 512 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
 513                             const char *input)
 514 {
 515         char *cpu, *str, *p;
 516         long max_cpu;
 517         int ret = 0;
 518
 519         ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
 520         if (ret < 0) {
 521                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 522                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 523                 return 1;
 524         }
 525
 526         p = str = strdup(input);
 527
 528         strip_blank_front(&str);
 529         strip_blank_end(str);
 530
 531         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 532
 533         while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
 534                 char *str2, *cpu2;
 535                 int icpu, icpu2;
 536
 537                 if (!strlen(cpu))
 538                         break;
 539
 540                 str2 = cpu;
 541                 icpu2 = -1;
 542                 while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
 543                         if (!strlen(cpu2))
 544                                 break;
 545
 546                         icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
 547                 }
 548
 549                 icpu = atoi(cpu);
 550                 if (icpu2 == -1)
 551                         icpu2 = icpu;
 552                 while (icpu <= icpu2) {
 553                         if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
 554                                 log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
 555                                         " %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
 556                                 ret = 1;
 557                                 break;
 558                         }
 559                         if (icpu >= max_cpu) {
 560                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
 561                                                         icpu, max_cpu - 1);
 562                                 ret = 1;
 563                                 break;
 564                         }
 565
 566                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
 567                         fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
 568                         icpu++;
 569                 }
 570                 if (ret)
 571                         break;
 572         }
 573
 574         free(p);
 575         return ret;
 576 }
 577
 578 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 579 {
 580         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 581
 582         if (parse_dryrun())
 583                 return 0;
 584
 585         return set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
 586 }
 587
 588 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 589 {
 590         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 591
 592         if (parse_dryrun())
 593                 return 0;
 594
 595         return set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
 596 }
 597
 598 #ifdef CONFIG_ZLIB
 599 static int str_log_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 600 {
 601         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 602
 603         if (parse_dryrun())
 604                 return 0;
 605
 606         return set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.log_gz_cpumask, input);
 607 }
 608 #endif /* CONFIG_ZLIB */
 609
 610 #endif /* FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY */
 611
 612 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
 613 static int str_numa_cpunodes_cb(void *data, char *input)
 614 {
 615         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 616         struct bitmask *verify_bitmask;
 617
 618         if (parse_dryrun())
 619                 return 0;
 620
 621         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 622          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 623          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 624          * numa_free_nodemask().
 625          */
 626         verify_bitmask = numa_parse_nodestring(input);
 627         if (verify_bitmask == NULL) {
 628                 log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 629                 td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_cpunodes_cb");
 630                 return 1;
 631         }
 632         numa_free_nodemask(verify_bitmask);
 633
 634         td->o.numa_cpunodes = strdup(input);
 635         return 0;
 636 }
 637
 638 static int str_numa_mpol_cb(void *data, char *input)
 639 {
 640         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 641         const char * const policy_types[] =
 642                 { "default", "prefer", "bind", "interleave", "local", NULL };
 643         int i;
 644         char *nodelist;
 645         struct bitmask *verify_bitmask;
 646
 647         if (parse_dryrun())
 648                 return 0;
 649
 650         nodelist = strchr(input, ':');
 651         if (nodelist) {
 652                 /* NUL-terminate mode */
 653                 *nodelist++ = '\0';
 654         }
 655
 656         for (i = 0; i <= MPOL_LOCAL; i++) {
 657                 if (!strcmp(input, policy_types[i])) {
 658                         td->o.numa_mem_mode = i;
 659                         break;
 660                 }
 661         }
 662         if (i > MPOL_LOCAL) {
 663                 log_err("fio: memory policy should be: default, prefer, bind, interleave, local\n");
 664                 goto out;
 665         }
 666
 667         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 668         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 669                 /*
 670                  * Insist on a nodelist of one node only
 671                  */
 672                 if (nodelist) {
 673                         char *rest = nodelist;
 674                         while (isdigit(*rest))
 675                                 rest++;
 676                         if (*rest) {
 677                                 log_err("fio: one node only for \'prefer\'\n");
 678                                 goto out;
 679                         }
 680                 } else {
 681                         log_err("fio: one node is needed for \'prefer\'\n");
 682                         goto out;
 683                 }
 684                 break;
 685         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 686                 /*
 687                  * Default to online nodes with memory if no nodelist
 688                  */
 689                 if (!nodelist)
 690                         nodelist = strdup("all");
 691                 break;
 692         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 693         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 694                 /*
 695                  * Don't allow a nodelist
 696                  */
 697                 if (nodelist) {
 698                         log_err("fio: NO nodelist for \'local\'\n");
 699                         goto out;
 700                 }
 701                 break;
 702         case MPOL_BIND:
 703                 /*
 704                  * Insist on a nodelist
 705                  */
 706                 if (!nodelist) {
 707                         log_err("fio: a nodelist is needed for \'bind\'\n");
 708                         goto out;
 709                 }
 710                 break;
 711         }
 712
 713
 714         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 715          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 716          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 717          * numa_free_nodemask().
 718          */
 719         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 720         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 721                 td->o.numa_mem_prefer_node = atoi(nodelist);
 722                 break;
 723         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 724         case MPOL_BIND:
 725                 verify_bitmask = numa_parse_nodestring(nodelist);
 726                 if (verify_bitmask == NULL) {
 727                         log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 728                         td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_memnodes_cb");
 729                         return 1;
 730                 }
 731                 td->o.numa_memnodes = strdup(nodelist);
 732                 numa_free_nodemask(verify_bitmask);
 733
 734                 break;
 735         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 736         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 737         default:
 738                 break;
 739         }
 740
 741         return 0;
 742 out:
 743         return 1;
 744 }
 745 #endif
 746
 747 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 748 {
 749         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 750         double val;
 751         bool done = false;
 752         char *nr;
 753
 754         td->file_service_nr = 1;
 755
 756         switch (td->o.file_service_type) {
 757         case FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM:
 758         case FIO_FSERVICE_RR:
 759         case FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ:
 760                 nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 761                 if (nr) {
 762                         td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
 763                         free(nr);
 764                 }
 765                 done = true;
 766                 break;
 767         case FIO_FSERVICE_ZIPF:
 768                 val = FIO_DEF_ZIPF;
 769                 break;
 770         case FIO_FSERVICE_PARETO:
 771                 val = FIO_DEF_PARETO;
 772                 break;
 773         case FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS:
 774                 val = 0.0;
 775                 break;
 776         default:
 777                 log_err("fio: bad file service type: %d\n", td->o.file_service_type);
 778                 return 1;
 779         }
 780
 781         if (done)
 782                 return 0;
 783
 784         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 785         if (nr && !str_to_float(nr, &val, 0)) {
 786                 log_err("fio: file service type random postfix parsing failed\n");
 787                 free(nr);
 788                 return 1;
 789         }
 790
 791         free(nr);
 792
 793         switch (td->o.file_service_type) {
 794         case FIO_FSERVICE_ZIPF:
 795                 if (val == 1.00) {
 796                         log_err("fio: zipf theta must be different than 1.0\n");
 797                         return 1;
 798                 }
 799                 if (parse_dryrun())
 800                         return 0;
 801                 td->zipf_theta = val;
 802                 break;
 803         case FIO_FSERVICE_PARETO:
 804                 if (val <= 0.00 || val >= 1.00) {
 805                           log_err("fio: pareto input out of range (0 < input < 1.0)\n");
 806                           return 1;
 807                 }
 808                 if (parse_dryrun())
 809                         return 0;
 810                 td->pareto_h = val;
 811                 break;
 812         case FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS:
 813                 if (val < 0.00 || val >= 100.00) {
 814                           log_err("fio: normal deviation out of range (0 <= input < 100.0)\n");
 815                           return 1;
 816                 }
 817                 if (parse_dryrun())
 818                         return 0;
 819                 td->gauss_dev = val;
 820                 break;
 821         }
 822
 823         return 0;
 824 }
 825
 826 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
 827 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 828 {
 829         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
 830         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 831
 832         td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
 833         if (nr) {
 834                 td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
 835                 free(nr);
 836         }
 837
 838         return 0;
 839 }
 840 #endif
 841
 842 static int zone_split_ddir(struct thread_options *o, enum fio_ddir ddir,
 843                            char *str, bool absolute)
 844 {
 845         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing, sperc, sperc_missing;
 846         struct split split;
 847
 848         memset(&split, 0, sizeof(split));
 849
 850         if (split_parse_ddir(o, &split, ddir, str, absolute, ZONESPLIT_MAX))
 851                 return 1;
 852         if (!split.nr)
 853                 return 0;
 854
 855         o->zone_split[ddir] = malloc(split.nr * sizeof(struct zone_split));
 856         o->zone_split_nr[ddir] = split.nr;
 857         for (i = 0; i < split.nr; i++) {
 858                 o->zone_split[ddir][i].access_perc = split.val1[i];
 859                 if (absolute)
 860                         o->zone_split[ddir][i].size = split.val2[i];
 861                 else
 862                         o->zone_split[ddir][i].size_perc = split.val2[i];
 863         }
 864
 865         /*
 866          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 867          */
 868         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 869         sperc = sperc_missing = 0;
 870         for (i = 0; i < o->zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 871                 struct zone_split *zsp = &o->zone_split[ddir][i];
 872
 873                 if (zsp->access_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
 874                         perc_missing++;
 875                 else
 876                         perc += zsp->access_perc;
 877
 878                 if (!absolute) {
 879                         if (zsp->size_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
 880                                 sperc_missing++;
 881                         else
 882                                 sperc += zsp->size_perc;
 883                 }
 884         }
 885
 886         if (perc > 100 || sperc > 100) {
 887                 log_err("fio: zone_split percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 888                 free(o->zone_split[ddir]);
 889                 o->zone_split[ddir] = NULL;
 890                 return 1;
 891         }
 892         if (perc < 100) {
 893                 log_err("fio: access percentage don't add up to 100 for zoned "
 894                         "random distribution (got=%u)\n", perc);
 895                 free(o->zone_split[ddir]);
 896                 o->zone_split[ddir] = NULL;
 897                 return 1;
 898         }
 899
 900         /*
 901          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 902          * them.
 903          */
 904         if (perc_missing) {
 905                 if (perc_missing == 1 && o->zone_split_nr[ddir] == 1)
 906                         perc = 100;
 907                 for (i = 0; i < o->zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 908                         struct zone_split *zsp = &o->zone_split[ddir][i];
 909
 910                         if (zsp->access_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
 911                                 zsp->access_perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 912                 }
 913         }
 914         if (sperc_missing) {
 915                 if (sperc_missing == 1 && o->zone_split_nr[ddir] == 1)
 916                         sperc = 100;
 917                 for (i = 0; i < o->zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 918                         struct zone_split *zsp = &o->zone_split[ddir][i];
 919
 920                         if (zsp->size_perc == (uint8_t) -1U)
 921                                 zsp->size_perc = (100 - sperc) / sperc_missing;
 922                 }
 923         }
 924
 925         return 0;
 926 }
 927
 928 static void __td_zone_gen_index(struct thread_data *td, enum fio_ddir ddir)
 929 {
 930         unsigned int i, j, sprev, aprev;
 931         uint64_t sprev_sz;
 932
 933         td->zone_state_index[ddir] = malloc(sizeof(struct zone_split_index) * 100);
 934
 935         sprev_sz = sprev = aprev = 0;
 936         for (i = 0; i < td->o.zone_split_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 937                 struct zone_split *zsp = &td->o.zone_split[ddir][i];
 938
 939                 for (j = aprev; j < aprev + zsp->access_perc; j++) {
 940                         struct zone_split_index *zsi = &td->zone_state_index[ddir][j];
 941
 942                         zsi->size_perc = sprev + zsp->size_perc;
 943                         zsi->size_perc_prev = sprev;
 944
 945                         zsi->size = sprev_sz + zsp->size;
 946                         zsi->size_prev = sprev_sz;
 947                 }
 948
 949                 aprev += zsp->access_perc;
 950                 sprev += zsp->size_perc;
 951                 sprev_sz += zsp->size;
 952         }
 953 }
 954
 955 /*
 956  * Generate state table for indexes, so we don't have to do it inline from
 957  * the hot IO path
 958  */
 959 static void td_zone_gen_index(struct thread_data *td)
 960 {
 961         int i;
 962
 963         td->zone_state_index = malloc(DDIR_RWDIR_CNT *
 964                                         sizeof(struct zone_split_index *));
 965
 966         for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++)
 967                 __td_zone_gen_index(td, i);
 968 }
 969
 970 static int parse_zoned_distribution(struct thread_data *td, const char *input,
 971                                     bool absolute)
 972 {
 973         const char *pre = absolute ? "zoned_abs:" : "zoned:";
 974         char *str, *p;
 975         int i, ret = 0;
 976
 977         p = str = strdup(input);
 978
 979         strip_blank_front(&str);
 980         strip_blank_end(str);
 981
 982         /* We expect it to start like that, bail if not */
 983         if (strncmp(str, pre, strlen(pre))) {
 984                 log_err("fio: mismatch in zoned input <%s>\n", str);
 985                 free(p);
 986                 return 1;
 987         }
 988         str += strlen(pre);
 989
 990         ret = str_split_parse(td, str, zone_split_ddir, absolute);
 991
 992         free(p);
 993
 994         for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
 995                 int j;
 996
 997                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "zone ddir %d (nr=%u): \n", i, td->o.zone_split_nr[i]);
 998
 999                 for (j = 0; j < td->o.zone_split_nr[i]; j++) {
1000                         struct zone_split *zsp = &td->o.zone_split[i][j];
1001
1002                         if (absolute) {
1003                                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "\t%d: %u/%llu\n", j,
1004                                                 zsp->access_perc,
1005                                                 (unsigned long long) zsp->size);
1006                         } else {
1007                                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "\t%d: %u/%u\n", j,
1008                                                 zsp->access_perc,
1009                                                 zsp->size_perc);
1010                         }
1011                 }
1012         }
1013
1014         if (parse_dryrun()) {
1015                 int i;
1016
1017                 for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
1018                         free(td->o.zone_split[i]);
1019                         td->o.zone_split[i] = NULL;
1020                         td->o.zone_split_nr[i] = 0;
1021                 }
1022
1023                 return ret;
1024         }
1025
1026         if (!ret)
1027                 td_zone_gen_index(td);
1028         else {
1029                 for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++)
1030                         td->o.zone_split_nr[i] = 0;
1031         }
1032
1033         return ret;
1034 }
1035
1036 static int str_random_distribution_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1037 {
1038         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1039         double val;
1040         char *nr;
1041
1042         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF)
1043                 val = FIO_DEF_ZIPF;
1044         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO)
1045                 val = FIO_DEF_PARETO;
1046         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_GAUSS)
1047                 val = 0.0;
1048         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZONED)
1049                 return parse_zoned_distribution(td, str, false);
1050         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZONED_ABS)
1051                 return parse_zoned_distribution(td, str, true);
1052         else
1053                 return 0;
1054
1055         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
1056         if (nr && !str_to_float(nr, &val, 0)) {
1057                 log_err("fio: random postfix parsing failed\n");
1058                 free(nr);
1059                 return 1;
1060         }
1061
1062         free(nr);
1063
1064         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF) {
1065                 if (val == 1.00) {
1066                         log_err("fio: zipf theta must different than 1.0\n");
1067                         return 1;
1068                 }
1069                 if (parse_dryrun())
1070                         return 0;
1071                 td->o.zipf_theta.u.f = val;
1072         } else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO) {
1073                 if (val <= 0.00 || val >= 1.00) {
1074                         log_err("fio: pareto input out of range (0 < input < 1.0)\n");
1075                         return 1;
1076                 }
1077                 if (parse_dryrun())
1078                         return 0;
1079                 td->o.pareto_h.u.f = val;
1080         } else {
1081                 if (val < 0.00 || val >= 100.0) {
1082                         log_err("fio: normal deviation out of range (0 <= input < 100.0)\n");
1083                         return 1;
1084                 }
1085                 if (parse_dryrun())
1086                         return 0;
1087                 td->o.gauss_dev.u.f = val;
1088         }
1089
1090         return 0;
1091 }
1092
1093 static int str_steadystate_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1094 {
1095         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1096         double val;
1097         char *nr;
1098         char *pct;
1099         long long ll;
1100
1101         if (td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_IOPS && td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_IOPS_SLOPE &&
1102             td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_BW && td->o.ss_state != FIO_SS_BW_SLOPE) {
1103                 /* should be impossible to get here */
1104                 log_err("fio: unknown steady state criterion\n");
1105                 return 1;
1106         }
1107
1108         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
1109         if (!nr) {
1110                 log_err("fio: steadystate threshold must be specified in addition to criterion\n");
1111                 free(nr);
1112                 return 1;
1113         }
1114
1115         /* ENHANCEMENT Allow fio to understand size=10.2% and use here */
1116         pct = strstr(nr, "%");
1117         if (pct) {
1118                 *pct = '\0';
1119                 strip_blank_end(nr);
1120                 if (!str_to_float(nr, &val, 0)) {
1121                         log_err("fio: could not parse steadystate threshold percentage\n");
1122                         free(nr);
1123                         return 1;
1124                 }
1125
1126                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "set steady state threshold to %f%%\n", val);
1127                 free(nr);
1128                 if (parse_dryrun())
1129                         return 0;
1130
1131                 td->o.ss_state |= FIO_SS_PCT;
1132                 td->o.ss_limit.u.f = val;
1133         } else if (td->o.ss_state & FIO_SS_IOPS) {
1134                 if (!str_to_float(nr, &val, 0)) {
1135                         log_err("fio: steadystate IOPS threshold postfix parsing failed\n");
1136                         free(nr);
1137                         return 1;
1138                 }
1139
1140                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "set steady state IOPS threshold to %f\n", val);
1141                 free(nr);
1142                 if (parse_dryrun())
1143                         return 0;
1144
1145                 td->o.ss_limit.u.f = val;
1146         } else {        /* bandwidth criterion */
1147                 if (str_to_decimal(nr, &ll, 1, td, 0, 0)) {
1148                         log_err("fio: steadystate BW threshold postfix parsing failed\n");
1149                         free(nr);
1150                         return 1;
1151                 }
1152
1153                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "set steady state BW threshold to %lld\n", ll);
1154                 free(nr);
1155                 if (parse_dryrun())
1156                         return 0;
1157
1158                 td->o.ss_limit.u.f = (double) ll;
1159         }
1160
1161         td->ss.state = td->o.ss_state;
1162         return 0;
1163 }
1164
1165 /*
1166  * Return next name in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
1167  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
1168  * indicate a new file.
1169  */
1170 static char *get_next_name(char **ptr)
1171 {
1172         char *str = *ptr;
1173         char *p, *start;
1174
1175         if (!str || !strlen(str))
1176                 return NULL;
1177
1178         start = str;
1179         do {
1180                 /*
1181                  * No colon, we are done
1182                  */
1183                 p = strchr(str, ':');
1184                 if (!p) {
1185                         *ptr = NULL;
1186                         break;
1187                 }
1188
1189                 /*
1190                  * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
1191                  * continue
1192                  */
1193                 if (p == start) {
1194                         str = ++start;
1195                         continue;
1196                 }
1197
1198                 if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
1199                         *p = '\0';
1200                         *ptr = p + 1;
1201                         break;
1202                 }
1203
1204                 memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
1205                 str = p;
1206         } while (1);
1207
1208         return start;
1209 }
1210
1211
1212 static int get_max_name_idx(char *input)
1213 {
1214         unsigned int cur_idx;
1215         char *str, *p;
1216
1217         p = str = strdup(input);
1218         for (cur_idx = 0; ; cur_idx++)
1219                 if (get_next_name(&str) == NULL)
1220                         break;
1221
1222         free(p);
1223         return cur_idx;
1224 }
1225
1226 /*
1227  * Returns the directory at the index, indexes > entires will be
1228  * assigned via modulo division of the index
1229  */
1230 int set_name_idx(char *target, size_t tlen, char *input, int index,
1231                  bool unique_filename)
1232 {
1233         unsigned int cur_idx;
1234         int len;
1235         char *fname, *str, *p;
1236
1237         p = str = strdup(input);
1238
1239         index %= get_max_name_idx(input);
1240         for (cur_idx = 0; cur_idx <= index; cur_idx++)
1241                 fname = get_next_name(&str);
1242
1243         if (client_sockaddr_str[0] && unique_filename) {
1244                 len = snprintf(target, tlen, "%s/%s.", fname,
1245                                 client_sockaddr_str);
1246         } else
1247                 len = snprintf(target, tlen, "%s/", fname);
1248
1249         target[tlen - 1] = '\0';
1250         free(p);
1251
1252         return len;
1253 }
1254
1255 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1256 {
1257         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1258         char *fname, *str, *p;
1259
1260         p = str = strdup(input);
1261
1262         strip_blank_front(&str);
1263         strip_blank_end(str);
1264
1265         /*
1266          * Ignore what we may already have from nrfiles option.
1267          */
1268         if (!td->files_index)
1269                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
1270
1271         while ((fname = get_next_name(&str)) != NULL) {
1272                 if (!strlen(fname))
1273                         break;
1274                 add_file(td, fname, 0, 1);
1275         }
1276
1277         free(p);
1278         return 0;
1279 }
1280
1281 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *unused)
1282 {
1283         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1284         struct stat sb;
1285         char *dirname, *str, *p;
1286         int ret = 0;
1287
1288         if (parse_dryrun())
1289                 return 0;
1290
1291         p = str = strdup(td->o.directory);
1292         while ((dirname = get_next_name(&str)) != NULL) {
1293                 if (lstat(dirname, &sb) < 0) {
1294                         ret = errno;
1295
1296                         log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dirname);
1297                         td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
1298                         goto out;
1299                 }
1300                 if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
1301                         log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dirname);
1302                         ret = 1;
1303                         goto out;
1304                 }
1305         }
1306
1307 out:
1308         free(p);
1309         return ret;
1310 }
1311
1312 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
1313 {
1314         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1315
1316         if (parse_dryrun())
1317                 return 0;
1318
1319         if (!td->files_index)
1320                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
1321
1322         return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
1323 }
1324
1325 static int str_buffer_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1326 {
1327         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1328         int ret;
1329
1330         /* FIXME: for now buffer pattern does not support formats */
1331         ret = parse_and_fill_pattern(input, strlen(input), td->o.buffer_pattern,
1332                                      MAX_PATTERN_SIZE, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
1333         if (ret < 0)
1334                 return 1;
1335
1336         assert(ret != 0);
1337         td->o.buffer_pattern_bytes = ret;
1338
1339         /*
1340          * If this job is doing any reading or has compression set,
1341          * ensure that we refill buffers for writes or we could be
1342          * invalidating the pattern through reads.
1343          */
1344         if (!td->o.compress_percentage && !td_read(td))
1345                 td->o.refill_buffers = 0;
1346         else
1347                 td->o.refill_buffers = 1;
1348
1349         td->o.scramble_buffers = 0;
1350         td->o.zero_buffers = 0;
1351
1352         return 0;
1353 }
1354
1355 static int str_buffer_compress_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *il)
1356 {
1357         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1358
1359         td->flags |= TD_F_COMPRESS;
1360         td->o.compress_percentage = *il;
1361         return 0;
1362 }
1363
1364 static int str_dedupe_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *il)
1365 {
1366         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1367
1368         td->flags |= TD_F_COMPRESS;
1369         td->o.dedupe_percentage = *il;
1370         td->o.refill_buffers = 1;
1371         return 0;
1372 }
1373
1374 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
1375 {
1376         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1377         int ret;
1378
1379         td->o.verify_fmt_sz = ARRAY_SIZE(td->o.verify_fmt);
1380         ret = parse_and_fill_pattern(input, strlen(input), td->o.verify_pattern,
1381                                      MAX_PATTERN_SIZE, fmt_desc, sizeof(fmt_desc),
1382                                      td->o.verify_fmt, &td->o.verify_fmt_sz);
1383         if (ret < 0)
1384                 return 1;
1385
1386         assert(ret != 0);
1387         td->o.verify_pattern_bytes = ret;
1388         /*
1389          * VERIFY_* could already be set
1390          */
1391         if (!fio_option_is_set(&td->o, verify))
1392                 td->o.verify = VERIFY_PATTERN;
1393
1394         return 0;
1395 }
1396
1397 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
1398 {
1399         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1400         int val = *il;
1401
1402         td->o.disable_lat = !!val;
1403         td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
1404         td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
1405         td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
1406         td->o.clat_percentiles = !val;
1407         if (val)
1408                 td->ts_cache_mask = 63;
1409
1410         return 0;
1411 }
1412
1413 static int str_offset_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *__val)
1414 {
1415         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1416         unsigned long long v = *__val;
1417
1418         if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
1419                 td->o.start_offset = 0;
1420                 td->o.start_offset_percent = -1ULL - v;
1421                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "SET start_offset_percent %d\n",
1422                                         td->o.start_offset_percent);
1423         } else
1424                 td->o.start_offset = v;
1425
1426         return 0;
1427 }
1428
1429 static int str_size_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *__val)
1430 {
1431         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1432         unsigned long long v = *__val;
1433
1434         if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
1435                 td->o.size = 0;
1436                 td->o.size_percent = -1ULL - v;
1437                 dprint(FD_PARSE, "SET size_percent %d\n",
1438                                         td->o.size_percent);
1439         } else
1440                 td->o.size = v;
1441
1442         return 0;
1443 }
1444
1445 static int str_write_bw_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1446 {
1447         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1448
1449         if (str)
1450                 td->o.bw_log_file = strdup(str);
1451
1452         td->o.write_bw_log = 1;
1453         return 0;
1454 }
1455
1456 static int str_write_lat_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1457 {
1458         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1459
1460         if (str)
1461                 td->o.lat_log_file = strdup(str);
1462
1463         td->o.write_lat_log = 1;
1464         return 0;
1465 }
1466
1467 static int str_write_iops_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1468 {
1469         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1470
1471         if (str)
1472                 td->o.iops_log_file = strdup(str);
1473
1474         td->o.write_iops_log = 1;
1475         return 0;
1476 }
1477
1478 static int str_write_hist_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1479 {
1480         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1481
1482         if (str)
1483                 td->o.hist_log_file = strdup(str);
1484
1485         td->o.write_hist_log = 1;
1486         return 0;
1487 }
1488
1489 /*
1490  * str is supposed to be a substring of the strdup'd original string,
1491  * and is valid only if it's a regular file path.
1492  * This function keeps the pointer to the path as needed later.
1493  *
1494  * "external:/path/to/so\0" <- original pointer updated with strdup'd
1495  * "external\0"             <- above pointer after parsed, i.e. ->ioengine
1496  *          "/path/to/so\0" <- str argument, i.e. ->ioengine_so_path
1497  */
1498 static int str_ioengine_external_cb(void *data, const char *str)
1499 {
1500         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1501         struct stat sb;
1502         char *p;
1503
1504         if (!str) {
1505                 log_err("fio: null external ioengine path\n");
1506                 return 1;
1507         }
1508
1509         p = (char *)str; /* str is mutable */
1510         strip_blank_front(&p);
1511         strip_blank_end(p);
1512
1513         if (stat(p, &sb) || !S_ISREG(sb.st_mode)) {
1514                 log_err("fio: invalid external ioengine path \"%s\"\n", p);
1515                 return 1;
1516         }
1517
1518         td->o.ioengine_so_path = p;
1519         return 0;
1520 }
1521
1522 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
1523 {
1524         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1525
1526         if (read_only && td_write(td)) {
1527                 log_err("fio: job <%s> has write bit set, but fio is in"
1528                         " read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
1529                 return 1;
1530         }
1531
1532         return 0;
1533 }
1534
1535 static int gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
1536 {
1537 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1538         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
1539
1540         if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
1541                 log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
1542                         "gettimeofday() offloading\n");
1543                 return 1;
1544         }
1545 #endif
1546
1547         return 0;
1548 }
1549
1550 /*
1551  * Map of job/command line options
1552  */
1553 struct fio_option fio_options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
1554         {
1555                 .name   = "description",
1556                 .lname  = "Description of job",
1557                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1558                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, description),
1559                 .help   = "Text job description",
1560                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1561                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1562         },
1563         {
1564                 .name   = "name",
1565                 .lname  = "Job name",
1566                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1567                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, name),
1568                 .help   = "Name of this job",
1569                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1570                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1571         },
1572         {
1573                 .name   = "wait_for",
1574                 .lname  = "Waitee name",
1575                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1576                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, wait_for),
1577                 .help   = "Name of the job this one wants to wait for before starting",
1578                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1579                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1580         },
1581         {
1582                 .name   = "filename",
1583                 .lname  = "Filename(s)",
1584                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1585                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, filename),
1586                 .cb     = str_filename_cb,
1587                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1588                 .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
1589                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1590                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1591         },
1592         {
1593                 .name   = "directory",
1594                 .lname  = "Directory",
1595                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1596                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, directory),
1597                 .cb     = str_directory_cb,
1598                 .help   = "Directory to store files in",
1599                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1600                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1601         },
1602         {
1603                 .name   = "filename_format",
1604                 .lname  = "Filename Format",
1605                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1606                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, filename_format),
1607                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1608                 .help   = "Override default $jobname.$jobnum.$filenum naming",
1609                 .def    = "$jobname.$jobnum.$filenum",
1610                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1611                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1612         },
1613         {
1614                 .name   = "unique_filename",
1615                 .lname  = "Unique Filename",
1616                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1617                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, unique_filename),
1618                 .help   = "For network clients, prefix file with source IP",
1619                 .def    = "1",
1620                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1621                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1622         },
1623         {
1624                 .name   = "lockfile",
1625                 .lname  = "Lockfile",
1626                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1627                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, file_lock_mode),
1628                 .help   = "Lock file when doing IO to it",
1629                 .prio   = 1,
1630                 .parent = "filename",
1631                 .hide   = 0,
1632                 .def    = "none",
1633                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1634                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1635                 .posval = {
1636                           { .ival = "none",
1637                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
1638                             .help = "No file locking",
1639                           },
1640                           { .ival = "exclusive",
1641                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
1642                             .help = "Exclusive file lock",
1643                           },
1644                           {
1645                             .ival = "readwrite",
1646                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
1647                             .help = "Read vs write lock",
1648                           },
1649                 },
1650         },
1651         {
1652                 .name   = "opendir",
1653                 .lname  = "Open directory",
1654                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1655                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, opendir),
1656                 .cb     = str_opendir_cb,
1657                 .help   = "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
1658                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1659                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1660         },
1661         {
1662                 .name   = "rw",
1663                 .lname  = "Read/write",
1664                 .alias  = "readwrite",
1665                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1666                 .cb     = str_rw_cb,
1667                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, td_ddir),
1668                 .help   = "IO direction",
1669                 .def    = "read",
1670                 .verify = rw_verify,
1671                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1672                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1673                 .posval = {
1674                           { .ival = "read",
1675                             .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
1676                             .help = "Sequential read",
1677                           },
1678                           { .ival = "write",
1679                             .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
1680                             .help = "Sequential write",
1681                           },
1682                           { .ival = "trim",
1683                             .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIM,
1684                             .help = "Sequential trim",
1685                           },
1686                           { .ival = "randread",
1687                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
1688                             .help = "Random read",
1689                           },
1690                           { .ival = "randwrite",
1691                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
1692                             .help = "Random write",
1693                           },
1694                           { .ival = "randtrim",
1695                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDTRIM,
1696                             .help = "Random trim",
1697                           },
1698                           { .ival = "rw",
1699                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1700                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1701                           },
1702                           { .ival = "readwrite",
1703                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1704                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1705                           },
1706                           { .ival = "randrw",
1707                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
1708                             .help = "Random read and write mix"
1709                           },
1710                           { .ival = "trimwrite",
1711                             .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIMWRITE,
1712                             .help = "Trim and write mix, trims preceding writes"
1713                           },
1714                 },
1715         },
1716         {
1717                 .name   = "rw_sequencer",
1718                 .lname  = "RW Sequencer",
1719                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1720                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rw_seq),
1721                 .help   = "IO offset generator modifier",
1722                 .def    = "sequential",
1723                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1724                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1725                 .posval = {
1726                           { .ival = "sequential",
1727                             .oval = RW_SEQ_SEQ,
1728                             .help = "Generate sequential offsets",
1729                           },
1730                           { .ival = "identical",
1731                             .oval = RW_SEQ_IDENT,
1732                             .help = "Generate identical offsets",
1733                           },
1734                 },
1735         },
1736
1737         {
1738                 .name   = "ioengine",
1739                 .lname  = "IO Engine",
1740                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1741                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ioengine),
1742                 .help   = "IO engine to use",
1743                 .def    = FIO_PREFERRED_ENGINE,
1744                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1745                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1746                 .posval = {
1747                           { .ival = "sync",
1748                             .help = "Use read/write",
1749                           },
1750                           { .ival = "psync",
1751                             .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
1752                           },
1753                           { .ival = "vsync",
1754                             .help = "Use readv/writev",
1755                           },
1756 #ifdef CONFIG_PWRITEV
1757                           { .ival = "pvsync",
1758                             .help = "Use preadv/pwritev",
1759                           },
1760 #endif
1761 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_PWRITEV2
1762                           { .ival = "pvsync2",
1763                             .help = "Use preadv2/pwritev2",
1764                           },
1765 #endif
1766 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBAIO
1767                           { .ival = "libaio",
1768                             .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
1769                           },
1770 #endif
1771 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIXAIO
1772                           { .ival = "posixaio",
1773                             .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
1774                           },
1775 #endif
1776 #ifdef CONFIG_SOLARISAIO
1777                           { .ival = "solarisaio",
1778                             .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
1779                           },
1780 #endif
1781 #ifdef CONFIG_WINDOWSAIO
1782                           { .ival = "windowsaio",
1783                             .help = "Windows native asynchronous IO"
1784                           },
1785 #endif
1786 #ifdef CONFIG_RBD
1787                           { .ival = "rbd",
1788                             .help = "Rados Block Device asynchronous IO"
1789                           },
1790 #endif
1791                           { .ival = "mmap",
1792                             .help = "Memory mapped IO"
1793                           },
1794 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_SPLICE
1795                           { .ival = "splice",
1796                             .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
1797                           },
1798                           { .ival = "netsplice",
1799                             .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
1800                           },
1801 #endif
1802 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
1803                           { .ival = "sg",
1804                             .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
1805                           },
1806 #endif
1807                           { .ival = "null",
1808                             .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
1809                           },
1810                           { .ival = "net",
1811                             .help = "Network IO",
1812                           },
1813                           { .ival = "cpuio",
1814                             .help = "CPU cycle burner engine",
1815                           },
1816 #ifdef CONFIG_GUASI
1817                           { .ival = "guasi",
1818                             .help = "GUASI IO engine",
1819                           },
1820 #endif
1821 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_BINJECT
1822                           { .ival = "binject",
1823                             .help = "binject direct inject block engine",
1824                           },
1825 #endif
1826 #ifdef CONFIG_RDMA
1827                           { .ival = "rdma",
1828                             .help = "RDMA IO engine",
1829                           },
1830 #endif
1831 #ifdef CONFIG_FUSION_AW
1832                           { .ival = "fusion-aw-sync",
1833                             .help = "Fusion-io atomic write engine",
1834                           },
1835 #endif
1836 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_EXT4_MOVE_EXTENT
1837                           { .ival = "e4defrag",
1838                             .help = "ext4 defrag engine",
1839                           },
1840 #endif
1841 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1842                           { .ival = "falloc",
1843                             .help = "fallocate() file based engine",
1844                           },
1845 #endif
1846 #ifdef CONFIG_GFAPI
1847                           { .ival = "gfapi",
1848                             .help = "Glusterfs libgfapi(sync) based engine"
1849                           },
1850                           { .ival = "gfapi_async",
1851                             .help = "Glusterfs libgfapi(async) based engine"
1852                           },
1853 #endif
1854 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBHDFS
1855                           { .ival = "libhdfs",
1856                             .help = "Hadoop Distributed Filesystem (HDFS) engine"
1857                           },
1858 #endif
1859 #ifdef CONFIG_PMEMBLK
1860                           { .ival = "pmemblk",
1861                             .help = "NVML libpmemblk based IO engine",
1862                           },
1863
1864 #endif
1865 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_DEVDAX
1866                           { .ival = "dev-dax",
1867                             .help = "DAX Device based IO engine",
1868                           },
1869 #endif
1870                           {
1871                             .ival = "filecreate",
1872                             .help = "File creation engine",
1873                           },
1874                           { .ival = "external",
1875                             .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
1876                             .cb = str_ioengine_external_cb,
1877                           },
1878 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBPMEM
1879                           { .ival = "libpmem",
1880                             .help = "NVML libpmem based IO engine",
1881                           },
1882 #endif
1883                 },
1884         },
1885         {
1886                 .name   = "iodepth",
1887                 .lname  = "IO Depth",
1888                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1889                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth),
1890                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to keep in flight",
1891                 .minval = 1,
1892                 .interval = 1,
1893                 .def    = "1",
1894                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1895                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1896         },
1897         {
1898                 .name   = "iodepth_batch",
1899                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch",
1900                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_submit",
1901                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1902                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_batch),
1903                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
1904                 .parent = "iodepth",
1905                 .hide   = 1,
1906                 .interval = 1,
1907                 .def    = "1",
1908                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1909                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1910         },
1911         {
1912                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete_min",
1913                 .lname  = "Min IO depth batch complete",
1914                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_complete",
1915                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1916                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_batch_complete_min),
1917                 .help   = "Min number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
1918                 .parent = "iodepth",
1919                 .hide   = 1,
1920                 .minval = 0,
1921                 .interval = 1,
1922                 .def    = "1",
1923                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1924                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1925         },
1926         {
1927                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete_max",
1928                 .lname  = "Max IO depth batch complete",
1929                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1930                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_batch_complete_max),
1931                 .help   = "Max number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
1932                 .parent = "iodepth",
1933                 .hide   = 1,
1934                 .minval = 0,
1935                 .interval = 1,
1936                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1937                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1938         },
1939         {
1940                 .name   = "iodepth_low",
1941                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch low",
1942                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1943                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iodepth_low),
1944                 .help   = "Low water mark for queuing depth",
1945                 .parent = "iodepth",
1946                 .hide   = 1,
1947                 .interval = 1,
1948                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1949                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1950         },
1951         {
1952                 .name   = "serialize_overlap",
1953                 .lname  = "Serialize overlap",
1954                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, serialize_overlap),
1955                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1956                 .help   = "Wait for in-flight IOs that collide to complete",
1957                 .parent = "iodepth",
1958                 .def    = "0",
1959                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1960                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1961         },
1962         {
1963                 .name   = "io_submit_mode",
1964                 .lname  = "IO submit mode",
1965                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1966                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, io_submit_mode),
1967                 .help   = "How IO submissions and completions are done",
1968                 .def    = "inline",
1969                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1970                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1971                 .posval = {
1972                           { .ival = "inline",
1973                             .oval = IO_MODE_INLINE,
1974                             .help = "Submit and complete IO inline",
1975                           },
1976                           { .ival = "offload",
1977                             .oval = IO_MODE_OFFLOAD,
1978                             .help = "Offload submit and complete to threads",
1979                           },
1980                 },
1981         },
1982         {
1983                 .name   = "size",
1984                 .lname  = "Size",
1985                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1986                 .cb     = str_size_cb,
1987                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, size),
1988                 .help   = "Total size of device or files",
1989                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1990                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1991                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1992         },
1993         {
1994                 .name   = "io_size",
1995                 .alias  = "io_limit",
1996                 .lname  = "IO Size",
1997                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1998                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, io_size),
1999                 .help   = "Total size of I/O to be performed",
2000                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2001                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2002                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2003         },
2004         {
2005                 .name   = "fill_device",
2006                 .lname  = "Fill device",
2007                 .alias  = "fill_fs",
2008                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2009                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fill_device),
2010                 .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
2011                 .def    = "0",
2012                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2013                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2014         },
2015         {
2016                 .name   = "filesize",
2017                 .lname  = "File size",
2018                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2019                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, file_size_low),
2020                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, file_size_high),
2021                 .minval = 1,
2022                 .help   = "Size of individual files",
2023                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2024                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2025                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2026         },
2027         {
2028                 .name   = "file_append",
2029                 .lname  = "File append",
2030                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2031                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, file_append),
2032                 .help   = "IO will start at the end of the file(s)",
2033                 .def    = "0",
2034                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2035                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2036         },
2037         {
2038                 .name   = "offset",
2039                 .lname  = "IO offset",
2040                 .alias  = "fileoffset",
2041                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2042                 .cb     = str_offset_cb,
2043                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, start_offset),
2044                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset",
2045                 .def    = "0",
2046                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2047                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2048                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2049         },
2050         {
2051                 .name   = "offset_align",
2052                 .lname  = "IO offset alignment",
2053                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2054                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, start_offset_align),
2055                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset alignment",
2056                 .def    = "0",
2057                 .interval = 512,
2058                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2059                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2060         },
2061         {
2062                 .name   = "offset_increment",
2063                 .lname  = "IO offset increment",
2064                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2065                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, offset_increment),
2066                 .help   = "What is the increment from one offset to the next",
2067                 .parent = "offset",
2068                 .hide   = 1,
2069                 .def    = "0",
2070                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2071                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2072                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2073         },
2074         {
2075                 .name   = "number_ios",
2076                 .lname  = "Number of IOs to perform",
2077                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2078                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, number_ios),
2079                 .help   = "Force job completion after this number of IOs",
2080                 .def    = "0",
2081                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2082                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2083         },
2084         {
2085                 .name   = "bs",
2086                 .lname  = "Block size",
2087                 .alias  = "blocksize",
2088                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2089                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bs[DDIR_READ]),
2090                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
2091                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
2092                 .minval = 1,
2093                 .help   = "Block size unit",
2094                 .def    = "4096",
2095                 .parent = "rw",
2096                 .hide   = 1,
2097                 .interval = 512,
2098                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2099                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2100         },
2101         {
2102                 .name   = "ba",
2103                 .lname  = "Block size align",
2104                 .alias  = "blockalign",
2105                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2106                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ba[DDIR_READ]),
2107                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
2108                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ba[DDIR_TRIM]),
2109                 .minval = 1,
2110                 .help   = "IO block offset alignment",
2111                 .parent = "rw",
2112                 .hide   = 1,
2113                 .interval = 512,
2114                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2115                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2116         },
2117         {
2118                 .name   = "bsrange",
2119                 .lname  = "Block size range",
2120                 .alias  = "blocksize_range",
2121                 .type   = FIO_OPT_RANGE,
2122                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
2123                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
2124                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
2125                 .off4   = offsetof(struct thread_options, max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
2126                 .off5   = offsetof(struct thread_options, min_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
2127                 .off6   = offsetof(struct thread_options, max_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
2128                 .minval = 1,
2129                 .help   = "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
2130                 .parent = "rw",
2131                 .hide   = 1,
2132                 .interval = 4096,
2133                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2134                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2135         },
2136         {
2137                 .name   = "bssplit",
2138                 .lname  = "Block size split",
2139                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2140                 .cb     = str_bssplit_cb,
2141                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bssplit),
2142                 .help   = "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
2143                 .parent = "rw",
2144                 .hide   = 1,
2145                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2146                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2147         },
2148         {
2149                 .name   = "bs_unaligned",
2150                 .lname  = "Block size unaligned",
2151                 .alias  = "blocksize_unaligned",
2152                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2153                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bs_unaligned),
2154                 .help   = "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
2155                 .parent = "rw",
2156                 .hide   = 1,
2157                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2158                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2159         },
2160         {
2161                 .name   = "bs_is_seq_rand",
2162                 .lname  = "Block size division is seq/random (not read/write)",
2163                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2164                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bs_is_seq_rand),
2165                 .help   = "Consider any blocksize setting to be sequential,random",
2166                 .def    = "0",
2167                 .parent = "blocksize",
2168                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2169                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2170         },
2171         {
2172                 .name   = "randrepeat",
2173                 .lname  = "Random repeatable",
2174                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2175                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rand_repeatable),
2176                 .help   = "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
2177                 .def    = "1",
2178                 .parent = "rw",
2179                 .hide   = 1,
2180                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2181                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2182         },
2183         {
2184                 .name   = "randseed",
2185                 .lname  = "The random generator seed",
2186                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2187                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rand_seed),
2188                 .help   = "Set the random generator seed value",
2189                 .def    = "0x89",
2190                 .parent = "rw",
2191                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2192                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2193         },
2194         {
2195                 .name   = "use_os_rand",
2196                 .lname  = "Use OS random",
2197                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
2198                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, dep_use_os_rand),
2199                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2200                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2201         },
2202         {
2203                 .name   = "norandommap",
2204                 .lname  = "No randommap",
2205                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2206                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, norandommap),
2207                 .help   = "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
2208                 .parent = "rw",
2209                 .hide   = 1,
2210                 .hide_on_set = 1,
2211                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2212                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2213         },
2214         {
2215                 .name   = "softrandommap",
2216                 .lname  = "Soft randommap",
2217                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2218                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, softrandommap),
2219                 .help   = "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
2220                 .parent = "norandommap",
2221                 .hide   = 1,
2222                 .def    = "0",
2223                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2224                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2225         },
2226         {
2227                 .name   = "random_generator",
2228                 .lname  = "Random Generator",
2229                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2230                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, random_generator),
2231                 .help   = "Type of random number generator to use",
2232                 .def    = "tausworthe",
2233                 .posval = {
2234                           { .ival = "tausworthe",
2235                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_TAUSWORTHE,
2236                             .help = "Strong Tausworthe generator",
2237                           },
2238                           { .ival = "lfsr",
2239                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_LFSR,
2240                             .help = "Variable length LFSR",
2241                           },
2242                           {
2243                             .ival = "tausworthe64",
2244                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_TAUSWORTHE64,
2245                             .help = "64-bit Tausworthe variant",
2246                           },
2247                 },
2248                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2249                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2250         },
2251         {
2252                 .name   = "random_distribution",
2253                 .lname  = "Random Distribution",
2254                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2255                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, random_distribution),
2256                 .cb     = str_random_distribution_cb,
2257                 .help   = "Random offset distribution generator",
2258                 .def    = "random",
2259                 .posval = {
2260                           { .ival = "random",
2261                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_RANDOM,
2262                             .help = "Completely random",
2263                           },
2264                           { .ival = "zipf",
2265                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF,
2266                             .help = "Zipf distribution",
2267                           },
2268                           { .ival = "pareto",
2269                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO,
2270                             .help = "Pareto distribution",
2271                           },
2272                           { .ival = "normal",
2273                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_GAUSS,
2274                             .help = "Normal (Gaussian) distribution",
2275                           },
2276                           { .ival = "zoned",
2277                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZONED,
2278                             .help = "Zoned random distribution",
2279                           },
2280                           { .ival = "zoned_abs",
2281                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZONED_ABS,
2282                             .help = "Zoned absolute random distribution",
2283                           },
2284                 },
2285                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2286                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2287         },
2288         {
2289                 .name   = "percentage_random",
2290                 .lname  = "Percentage Random",
2291                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2292                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, perc_rand[DDIR_READ]),
2293                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, perc_rand[DDIR_WRITE]),
2294                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, perc_rand[DDIR_TRIM]),
2295                 .maxval = 100,
2296                 .help   = "Percentage of seq/random mix that should be random",
2297                 .def    = "100,100,100",
2298                 .interval = 5,
2299                 .inverse = "percentage_sequential",
2300                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2301                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2302         },
2303         {
2304                 .name   = "percentage_sequential",
2305                 .lname  = "Percentage Sequential",
2306                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
2307                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2308                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2309         },
2310         {
2311                 .name   = "allrandrepeat",
2312                 .lname  = "All Random Repeat",
2313                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2314                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, allrand_repeatable),
2315                 .help   = "Use repeatable random numbers for everything",
2316                 .def    = "0",
2317                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2318                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
2319         },
2320         {
2321                 .name   = "nrfiles",
2322                 .lname  = "Number of files",
2323                 .alias  = "nr_files",
2324                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2325                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, nr_files),
2326                 .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
2327                 .def    = "1",
2328                 .interval = 1,
2329                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2330                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2331         },
2332         {
2333                 .name   = "openfiles",
2334                 .lname  = "Number of open files",
2335                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2336                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, open_files),
2337                 .help   = "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
2338                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2339                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2340         },
2341         {
2342                 .name   = "file_service_type",
2343                 .lname  = "File service type",
2344                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2345                 .cb     = str_fst_cb,
2346                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, file_service_type),
2347                 .help   = "How to select which file to service next",
2348                 .def    = "roundrobin",
2349                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2350                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2351                 .posval = {
2352                           { .ival = "random",
2353                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
2354                             .help = "Choose a file at random (uniform)",
2355                           },
2356                           { .ival = "zipf",
2357                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_ZIPF,
2358                             .help = "Zipf randomized",
2359                           },
2360                           { .ival = "pareto",
2361                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_PARETO,
2362                             .help = "Pareto randomized",
2363                           },
2364                           { .ival = "normal",
2365                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS,
2366                             .help = "Normal (Gaussian) randomized",
2367                           },
2368                           { .ival = "gauss",
2369                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_GAUSS,
2370                             .help = "Alias for normal",
2371                           },
2372                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
2373                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
2374                             .help = "Round robin select files",
2375                           },
2376                           { .ival = "sequential",
2377                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
2378                             .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
2379                           },
2380                 },
2381                 .parent = "nrfiles",
2382                 .hide   = 1,
2383         },
2384 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_ANY_FALLOCATE
2385         {
2386                 .name   = "fallocate",
2387                 .lname  = "Fallocate",
2388                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2389                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fallocate_mode),
2390                 .help   = "Whether pre-allocation is performed when laying out files",
2391                 .def    = "native",
2392                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2393                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2394                 .posval = {
2395                           { .ival = "none",
2396                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
2397                             .help = "Do not pre-allocate space",
2398                           },
2399                           { .ival = "native",
2400                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NATIVE,
2401                             .help = "Use native pre-allocation if possible",
2402                           },
2403 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE
2404                           { .ival = "posix",
2405                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
2406                             .help = "Use posix_fallocate()",
2407                           },
2408 #endif
2409 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
2410                           { .ival = "keep",
2411                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_KEEP_SIZE,
2412                             .help = "Use fallocate(..., FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE, ...)",
2413                           },
2414 #endif
2415                           /* Compatibility with former boolean values */
2416                           { .ival = "0",
2417                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
2418                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
2419                           },
2420 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE
2421                           { .ival = "1",
2422                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
2423                             .help = "Alias for 'posix'",
2424                           },
2425 #endif
2426                 },
2427         },
2428 #else   /* FIO_HAVE_ANY_FALLOCATE */
2429         {
2430                 .name   = "fallocate",
2431                 .lname  = "Fallocate",
2432                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2433                 .help   = "Your platform does not support fallocate",
2434         },
2435 #endif /* FIO_HAVE_ANY_FALLOCATE */
2436         {
2437                 .name   = "fadvise_hint",
2438                 .lname  = "Fadvise hint",
2439                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2440                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fadvise_hint),
2441                 .posval = {
2442                           { .ival = "0",
2443                             .oval = F_ADV_NONE,
2444                             .help = "Don't issue fadvise",
2445                           },
2446                           { .ival = "1",
2447                             .oval = F_ADV_TYPE,
2448                             .help = "Advise using fio IO pattern",
2449                           },
2450                           { .ival = "random",
2451                             .oval = F_ADV_RANDOM,
2452                             .help = "Advise using FADV_RANDOM",
2453                           },
2454                           { .ival = "sequential",
2455                             .oval = F_ADV_SEQUENTIAL,
2456                             .help = "Advise using FADV_SEQUENTIAL",
2457                           },
2458                 },
2459                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
2460                 .def    = "1",
2461                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2462                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2463         },
2464         {
2465                 .name   = "fsync",
2466                 .lname  = "Fsync",
2467                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2468                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fsync_blocks),
2469                 .help   = "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
2470                 .def    = "0",
2471                 .interval = 1,
2472                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2473                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2474         },
2475         {
2476                 .name   = "fdatasync",
2477                 .lname  = "Fdatasync",
2478                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2479                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fdatasync_blocks),
2480                 .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
2481                 .def    = "0",
2482                 .interval = 1,
2483                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2484                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2485         },
2486         {
2487                 .name   = "write_barrier",
2488                 .lname  = "Write barrier",
2489                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2490                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, barrier_blocks),
2491                 .help   = "Make every Nth write a barrier write",
2492                 .def    = "0",
2493                 .interval = 1,
2494                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2495                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2496         },
2497 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
2498         {
2499                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
2500                 .lname  = "Sync file range",
2501                 .posval = {
2502                           { .ival = "wait_before",
2503                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
2504                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
2505                             .orval  = 1,
2506                           },
2507                           { .ival = "write",
2508                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
2509                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
2510                             .orval  = 1,
2511                           },
2512                           {
2513                             .ival = "wait_after",
2514                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
2515                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
2516                             .orval  = 1,
2517                           },
2518                 },
2519                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_MULTI,
2520                 .cb     = str_sfr_cb,
2521                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, sync_file_range),
2522                 .help   = "Use sync_file_range()",
2523                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2524                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2525         },
2526 #else
2527         {
2528                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
2529                 .lname  = "Sync file range",
2530                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2531                 .help   = "Your platform does not support sync_file_range",
2532         },
2533 #endif
2534         {
2535                 .name   = "direct",
2536                 .lname  = "Direct I/O",
2537                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2538                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, odirect),
2539                 .help   = "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
2540                 .def    = "0",
2541                 .inverse = "buffered",
2542                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2543                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2544         },
2545         {
2546                 .name   = "atomic",
2547                 .lname  = "Atomic I/O",
2548                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2549                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, oatomic),
2550                 .help   = "Use Atomic IO with O_DIRECT (implies O_DIRECT)",
2551                 .def    = "0",
2552                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2553                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2554         },
2555         {
2556                 .name   = "buffered",
2557                 .lname  = "Buffered I/O",
2558                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2559                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, odirect),
2560                 .neg    = 1,
2561                 .help   = "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
2562                 .def    = "1",
2563                 .inverse = "direct",
2564                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2565                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2566         },
2567         {
2568                 .name   = "overwrite",
2569                 .lname  = "Overwrite",
2570                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2571                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, overwrite),
2572                 .help   = "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
2573                 .def    = "0",
2574                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2575                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2576         },
2577         {
2578                 .name   = "loops",
2579                 .lname  = "Loops",
2580                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2581                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, loops),
2582                 .help   = "Number of times to run the job",
2583                 .def    = "1",
2584                 .interval = 1,
2585                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2586                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2587         },
2588         {
2589                 .name   = "numjobs",
2590                 .lname  = "Number of jobs",
2591                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2592                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, numjobs),
2593                 .help   = "Duplicate this job this many times",
2594                 .def    = "1",
2595                 .interval = 1,
2596                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2597                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2598         },
2599         {
2600                 .name   = "startdelay",
2601                 .lname  = "Start delay",
2602                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2603                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, start_delay),
2604                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, start_delay_high),
2605                 .help   = "Only start job when this period has passed",
2606                 .def    = "0",
2607                 .is_seconds = 1,
2608                 .is_time = 1,
2609                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2610                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2611         },
2612         {
2613                 .name   = "runtime",
2614                 .lname  = "Runtime",
2615                 .alias  = "timeout",
2616                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2617                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, timeout),
2618                 .help   = "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
2619                 .def    = "0",
2620                 .is_seconds = 1,
2621                 .is_time = 1,
2622                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2623                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2624         },
2625         {
2626                 .name   = "time_based",
2627                 .lname  = "Time based",
2628                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2629                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, time_based),
2630                 .help   = "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
2631                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2632                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2633         },
2634         {
2635                 .name   = "verify_only",
2636                 .lname  = "Verify only",
2637                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2638                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_only),
2639                 .help   = "Verifies previously written data is still valid",
2640                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2641                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2642         },
2643         {
2644                 .name   = "ramp_time",
2645                 .lname  = "Ramp time",
2646                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
2647                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ramp_time),
2648                 .help   = "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
2649                 .is_seconds = 1,
2650                 .is_time = 1,
2651                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2652                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
2653         },
2654         {
2655                 .name   = "clocksource",
2656                 .lname  = "Clock source",
2657                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2658                 .cb     = fio_clock_source_cb,
2659                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, clocksource),
2660                 .help   = "What type of timing source to use",
2661                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2662                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
2663                 .posval = {
2664 #ifdef CONFIG_GETTIMEOFDAY
2665                           { .ival = "gettimeofday",
2666                             .oval = CS_GTOD,
2667                             .help = "Use gettimeofday(2) for timing",
2668                           },
2669 #endif
2670 #ifdef CONFIG_CLOCK_GETTIME
2671                           { .ival = "clock_gettime",
2672                             .oval = CS_CGETTIME,
2673                             .help = "Use clock_gettime(2) for timing",
2674                           },
2675 #endif
2676 #ifdef ARCH_HAVE_CPU_CLOCK
2677                           { .ival = "cpu",
2678                             .oval = CS_CPUCLOCK,
2679                             .help = "Use CPU private clock",
2680                           },
2681 #endif
2682                 },
2683         },
2684         {
2685                 .name   = "mem",
2686                 .alias  = "iomem",
2687                 .lname  = "I/O Memory",
2688                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2689                 .cb     = str_mem_cb,
2690                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, mem_type),
2691                 .help   = "Backing type for IO buffers",
2692                 .def    = "malloc",
2693                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2694                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2695                 .posval = {
2696                           { .ival = "malloc",
2697                             .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
2698                             .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
2699                           },
2700 #ifndef CONFIG_NO_SHM
2701                           { .ival = "shm",
2702                             .oval = MEM_SHM,
2703                             .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
2704                           },
2705 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2706                           { .ival = "shmhuge",
2707                             .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
2708                             .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
2709                           },
2710 #endif
2711 #endif
2712                           { .ival = "mmap",
2713                             .oval = MEM_MMAP,
2714                             .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
2715                           },
2716                           { .ival = "mmapshared",
2717                             .oval = MEM_MMAPSHARED,
2718                             .help = "Like mmap, but use the shared flag",
2719                           },
2720 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2721                           { .ival = "mmaphuge",
2722                             .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
2723                             .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
2724                           },
2725 #endif
2726 #ifdef CONFIG_CUDA
2727                           { .ival = "cudamalloc",
2728                             .oval = MEM_CUDA_MALLOC,
2729                             .help = "Allocate GPU device memory for GPUDirect RDMA",
2730                           },
2731 #endif
2732                   },
2733         },
2734         {
2735                 .name   = "iomem_align",
2736                 .alias  = "mem_align",
2737                 .lname  = "I/O memory alignment",
2738                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2739                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, mem_align),
2740                 .minval = 0,
2741                 .help   = "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
2742                 .def    = "0",
2743                 .parent = "iomem",
2744                 .hide   = 1,
2745                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2746                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2747         },
2748         {
2749                 .name   = "verify",
2750                 .lname  = "Verify",
2751                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2752                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify),
2753                 .help   = "Verify data written",
2754                 .def    = "0",
2755                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2756                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2757                 .posval = {
2758                           { .ival = "0",
2759                             .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
2760                             .help = "Don't do IO verification",
2761                           },
2762                           { .ival = "md5",
2763                             .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
2764                             .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
2765                           },
2766                           { .ival = "crc64",
2767                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
2768                             .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
2769                           },
2770                           { .ival = "crc32",
2771                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
2772                             .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
2773                           },
2774                           { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
2775                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2776                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2777                           },
2778                           { .ival = "crc32c",
2779                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2780                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2781                           },
2782                           { .ival = "crc16",
2783                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
2784                             .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
2785                           },
2786                           { .ival = "crc7",
2787                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
2788                             .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
2789                           },
2790                           { .ival = "sha1",
2791                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
2792                             .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
2793                           },
2794                           { .ival = "sha256",
2795                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
2796                             .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
2797                           },
2798                           { .ival = "sha512",
2799                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
2800                             .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
2801                           },
2802                           { .ival = "sha3-224",
2803                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA3_224,
2804                             .help = "Use sha3-224 checksums for verification",
2805                           },
2806                           { .ival = "sha3-256",
2807                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA3_256,
2808                             .help = "Use sha3-256 checksums for verification",
2809                           },
2810                           { .ival = "sha3-384",
2811                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA3_384,
2812                             .help = "Use sha3-384 checksums for verification",
2813                           },
2814                           { .ival = "sha3-512",
2815                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA3_512,
2816                             .help = "Use sha3-512 checksums for verification",
2817                           },
2818                           { .ival = "xxhash",
2819                             .oval = VERIFY_XXHASH,
2820                             .help = "Use xxhash checksums for verification",
2821                           },
2822                           /* Meta information was included into verify_header,
2823                            * 'meta' verification is implied by default. */
2824                           { .ival = "meta",
2825                             .oval = VERIFY_HDR_ONLY,
2826                             .help = "Use io information for verification. "
2827                                     "Now is implied by default, thus option is obsolete, "
2828                                     "don't use it",
2829                           },
2830                           { .ival = "pattern",
2831                             .oval = VERIFY_PATTERN_NO_HDR,
2832                             .help = "Verify strict pattern",
2833                           },
2834                           {
2835                             .ival = "null",
2836                             .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
2837                             .help = "Pretend to verify",
2838                           },
2839                 },
2840         },
2841         {
2842                 .name   = "do_verify",
2843                 .lname  = "Perform verify step",
2844                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2845                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, do_verify),
2846                 .help   = "Run verification stage after write",
2847                 .def    = "1",
2848                 .parent = "verify",
2849                 .hide   = 1,
2850                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2851                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2852         },
2853         {
2854                 .name   = "verifysort",
2855                 .lname  = "Verify sort",
2856                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2857                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verifysort),
2858                 .help   = "Sort written verify blocks for read back",
2859                 .def    = "1",
2860                 .parent = "verify",
2861                 .hide   = 1,
2862                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2863                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2864         },
2865         {
2866                 .name   = "verifysort_nr",
2867                 .lname  = "Verify Sort Nr",
2868                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2869                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verifysort_nr),
2870                 .help   = "Pre-load and sort verify blocks for a read workload",
2871                 .minval = 0,
2872                 .maxval = 131072,
2873                 .def    = "1024",
2874                 .parent = "verify",
2875                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2876                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2877         },
2878         {
2879                 .name   = "verify_interval",
2880                 .lname  = "Verify interval",
2881                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2882                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_interval),
2883                 .minval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2884                 .help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
2885                 .parent = "verify",
2886                 .hide   = 1,
2887                 .interval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2888                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2889                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2890         },
2891         {
2892                 .name   = "verify_offset",
2893                 .lname  = "Verify offset",
2894                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2895                 .help   = "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
2896                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_offset),
2897                 .minval = sizeof(struct verify_header),
2898                 .parent = "verify",
2899                 .hide   = 1,
2900                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2901                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2902         },
2903         {
2904                 .name   = "verify_pattern",
2905                 .lname  = "Verify pattern",
2906                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2907                 .cb     = str_verify_pattern_cb,
2908                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_pattern),
2909                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
2910                 .parent = "verify",
2911                 .hide   = 1,
2912                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2913                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2914         },
2915         {
2916                 .name   = "verify_fatal",
2917                 .lname  = "Verify fatal",
2918                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2919                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_fatal),
2920                 .def    = "0",
2921                 .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
2922                 .parent = "verify",
2923                 .hide   = 1,
2924                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2925                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2926         },
2927         {
2928                 .name   = "verify_dump",
2929                 .lname  = "Verify dump",
2930                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2931                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_dump),
2932                 .def    = "0",
2933                 .help   = "Dump contents of good and bad blocks on failure",
2934                 .parent = "verify",
2935                 .hide   = 1,
2936                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2937                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2938         },
2939         {
2940                 .name   = "verify_async",
2941                 .lname  = "Verify asynchronously",
2942                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2943                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_async),
2944                 .def    = "0",
2945                 .help   = "Number of async verifier threads to use",
2946                 .parent = "verify",
2947                 .hide   = 1,
2948                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2949                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2950         },
2951         {
2952                 .name   = "verify_backlog",
2953                 .lname  = "Verify backlog",
2954                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2955                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_backlog),
2956                 .help   = "Verify after this number of blocks are written",
2957                 .parent = "verify",
2958                 .hide   = 1,
2959                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2960                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2961         },
2962         {
2963                 .name   = "verify_backlog_batch",
2964                 .lname  = "Verify backlog batch",
2965                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2966                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_batch),
2967                 .help   = "Verify this number of IO blocks",
2968                 .parent = "verify",
2969                 .hide   = 1,
2970                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2971                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2972         },
2973 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
2974         {
2975                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
2976                 .lname  = "Async verify CPUs",
2977                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2978                 .cb     = str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
2979                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_cpumask),
2980                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
2981                 .parent = "verify_async",
2982                 .hide   = 1,
2983                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2984                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2985         },
2986 #else
2987         {
2988                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
2989                 .lname  = "Async verify CPUs",
2990                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
2991                 .help   = "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
2992         },
2993 #endif
2994         {
2995                 .name   = "experimental_verify",
2996                 .lname  = "Experimental Verify",
2997                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, experimental_verify),
2998                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2999                 .help   = "Enable experimental verification",
3000                 .parent = "verify",
3001                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3002                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3003         },
3004         {
3005                 .name   = "verify_state_load",
3006                 .lname  = "Load verify state",
3007                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_state),
3008                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3009                 .help   = "Load verify termination state",
3010                 .parent = "verify",
3011                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3012                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3013         },
3014         {
3015                 .name   = "verify_state_save",
3016                 .lname  = "Save verify state",
3017                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, verify_state_save),
3018                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3019                 .def    = "1",
3020                 .help   = "Save verify state on termination",
3021                 .parent = "verify",
3022                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3023                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
3024         },
3025 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_TRIM
3026         {
3027                 .name   = "trim_percentage",
3028                 .lname  = "Trim percentage",
3029                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3030                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_percentage),
3031                 .minval = 0,
3032                 .maxval = 100,
3033                 .help   = "Number of verify blocks to trim (i.e., discard)",
3034                 .parent = "verify",
3035                 .def    = "0",
3036                 .interval = 1,
3037                 .hide   = 1,
3038                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3039                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
3040         },
3041         {
3042                 .name   = "trim_verify_zero",
3043                 .lname  = "Verify trim zero",
3044                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3045                 .help   = "Verify that trimmed (i.e., discarded) blocks are returned as zeroes",
3046                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_zero),
3047                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
3048                 .hide   = 1,
3049                 .def    = "1",
3050                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3051                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
3052         },
3053         {
3054                 .name   = "trim_backlog",
3055                 .lname  = "Trim backlog",
3056                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3057                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_backlog),
3058                 .help   = "Trim after this number of blocks are written",
3059                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
3060                 .hide   = 1,
3061                 .interval = 1,
3062                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3063                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
3064         },
3065         {
3066                 .name   = "trim_backlog_batch",
3067                 .lname  = "Trim backlog batch",
3068                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3069                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, trim_batch),
3070                 .help   = "Trim this number of IO blocks",
3071                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
3072                 .hide   = 1,
3073                 .interval = 1,
3074                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3075                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
3076         },
3077 #else
3078         {
3079                 .name   = "trim_percentage",
3080                 .lname  = "Trim percentage",
3081                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3082                 .help   = "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
3083         },
3084         {
3085                 .name   = "trim_verify_zero",
3086                 .lname  = "Verify trim zero",
3087                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3088                 .help   = "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
3089         },
3090         {
3091                 .name   = "trim_backlog",
3092                 .lname  = "Trim backlog",
3093                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3094                 .help   = "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
3095         },
3096         {
3097                 .name   = "trim_backlog_batch",
3098                 .lname  = "Trim backlog batch",
3099                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3100                 .help   = "Fio does not support TRIM on your platform",
3101         },
3102 #endif
3103         {
3104                 .name   = "write_iolog",
3105                 .lname  = "Write I/O log",
3106                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3107                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, write_iolog_file),
3108                 .help   = "Store IO pattern to file",
3109                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3110                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3111         },
3112         {
3113                 .name   = "read_iolog",
3114                 .lname  = "Read I/O log",
3115                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3116                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, read_iolog_file),
3117                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern from file",
3118                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3119                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3120         },
3121         {
3122                 .name   = "replay_no_stall",
3123                 .lname  = "Don't stall on replay",
3124                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3125                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, no_stall),
3126                 .def    = "0",
3127                 .parent = "read_iolog",
3128                 .hide   = 1,
3129                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern file as fast as possible without stalls",
3130                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3131                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3132         },
3133         {
3134                 .name   = "replay_redirect",
3135                 .lname  = "Redirect device for replay",
3136                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3137                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, replay_redirect),
3138                 .parent = "read_iolog",
3139                 .hide   = 1,
3140                 .help   = "Replay all I/O onto this device, regardless of trace device",
3141                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3142                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3143         },
3144         {
3145                 .name   = "replay_scale",
3146                 .lname  = "Replace offset scale factor",
3147                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3148                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, replay_scale),
3149                 .parent = "read_iolog",
3150                 .def    = "1",
3151                 .help   = "Align offsets to this blocksize",
3152                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3153                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3154         },
3155         {
3156                 .name   = "replay_align",
3157                 .lname  = "Replace alignment",
3158                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3159                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, replay_align),
3160                 .parent = "read_iolog",
3161                 .help   = "Scale offset down by this factor",
3162                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3163                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
3164                 .pow2   = 1,
3165         },
3166         {
3167                 .name   = "exec_prerun",
3168                 .lname  = "Pre-execute runnable",
3169                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3170                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, exec_prerun),
3171                 .help   = "Execute this file prior to running job",
3172                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3173                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3174         },
3175         {
3176                 .name   = "exec_postrun",
3177                 .lname  = "Post-execute runnable",
3178                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3179                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, exec_postrun),
3180                 .help   = "Execute this file after running job",
3181                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3182                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3183         },
3184 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
3185         {
3186                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
3187                 .lname  = "I/O scheduler",
3188                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3189                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ioscheduler),
3190                 .help   = "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
3191                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3192                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3193         },
3194 #else
3195         {
3196                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
3197                 .lname  = "I/O scheduler",
3198                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3199                 .help   = "Your platform does not support IO scheduler switching",
3200         },
3201 #endif
3202         {
3203                 .name   = "zonesize",
3204                 .lname  = "Zone size",
3205                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3206                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zone_size),
3207                 .help   = "Amount of data to read per zone",
3208                 .def    = "0",
3209                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3210                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3211                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3212         },
3213         {
3214                 .name   = "zonerange",
3215                 .lname  = "Zone range",
3216                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3217                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zone_range),
3218                 .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
3219                 .def    = "0",
3220                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3221                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3222                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3223         },
3224         {
3225                 .name   = "zoneskip",
3226                 .lname  = "Zone skip",
3227                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3228                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zone_skip),
3229                 .help   = "Space between IO zones",
3230                 .def    = "0",
3231                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3232                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3233                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
3234         },
3235         {
3236                 .name   = "lockmem",
3237                 .lname  = "Lock memory",
3238                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
3239                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, lockmem),
3240                 .help   = "Lock down this amount of memory (per worker)",
3241                 .def    = "0",
3242                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3243                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3244                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3245         },
3246         {
3247                 .name   = "rwmixread",
3248                 .lname  = "Read/write mix read",
3249                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3250                 .cb     = str_rwmix_read_cb,
3251                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rwmix[DDIR_READ]),
3252                 .maxval = 100,
3253                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
3254                 .def    = "50",
3255                 .interval = 5,
3256                 .inverse = "rwmixwrite",
3257                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3258                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
3259         },
3260         {
3261                 .name   = "rwmixwrite",
3262                 .lname  = "Read/write mix write",
3263                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3264                 .cb     = str_rwmix_write_cb,
3265                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rwmix[DDIR_WRITE]),
3266                 .maxval = 100,
3267                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
3268                 .def    = "50",
3269                 .interval = 5,
3270                 .inverse = "rwmixread",
3271                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3272                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
3273         },
3274         {
3275                 .name   = "rwmixcycle",
3276                 .lname  = "Read/write mix cycle",
3277                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
3278                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3279                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
3280         },
3281         {
3282                 .name   = "nice",
3283                 .lname  = "Nice",
3284                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3285                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, nice),
3286                 .help   = "Set job CPU nice value",
3287                 .minval = -20,
3288                 .maxval = 19,
3289                 .def    = "0",
3290                 .interval = 1,
3291                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3292                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3293         },
3294 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
3295         {
3296                 .name   = "prio",
3297                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority",
3298                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3299                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ioprio),
3300                 .help   = "Set job IO priority value",
3301                 .minval = IOPRIO_MIN_PRIO,
3302                 .maxval = IOPRIO_MAX_PRIO,
3303                 .interval = 1,
3304                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3305                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3306         },
3307 #else
3308         {
3309                 .name   = "prio",
3310                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority",
3311                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3312                 .help   = "Your platform does not support IO priorities",
3313         },
3314 #endif
3315 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO_CLASS
3316 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
3317 #error "FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO_CLASS requires FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO"
3318 #endif
3319         {
3320                 .name   = "prioclass",
3321                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority class",
3322                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3323                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ioprio_class),
3324                 .help   = "Set job IO priority class",
3325                 .minval = IOPRIO_MIN_PRIO_CLASS,
3326                 .maxval = IOPRIO_MAX_PRIO_CLASS,
3327                 .interval = 1,
3328                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3329                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3330         },
3331 #else
3332         {
3333                 .name   = "prioclass",
3334                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority class",
3335                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3336                 .help   = "Your platform does not support IO priority classes",
3337         },
3338 #endif
3339         {
3340                 .name   = "thinktime",
3341                 .lname  = "Thinktime",
3342                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3343                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, thinktime),
3344                 .help   = "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
3345                 .def    = "0",
3346                 .is_time = 1,
3347                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3348                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3349         },
3350         {
3351                 .name   = "thinktime_spin",
3352                 .lname  = "Thinktime spin",
3353                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3354                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, thinktime_spin),
3355                 .help   = "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
3356                 .def    = "0",
3357                 .is_time = 1,
3358                 .parent = "thinktime",
3359                 .hide   = 1,
3360                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3361                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3362         },
3363         {
3364                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks",
3365                 .lname  = "Thinktime blocks",
3366                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3367                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, thinktime_blocks),
3368                 .help   = "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
3369                 .def    = "1",
3370                 .parent = "thinktime",
3371                 .hide   = 1,
3372                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3373                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
3374         },
3375         {
3376                 .name   = "rate",
3377                 .lname  = "I/O rate",
3378                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3379                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate[DDIR_READ]),
3380                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate[DDIR_WRITE]),
3381                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate[DDIR_TRIM]),
3382                 .help   = "Set bandwidth rate",
3383                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3384                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3385         },
3386         {
3387                 .name   = "rate_min",
3388                 .alias  = "ratemin",
3389                 .lname  = "I/O min rate",
3390                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3391                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ratemin[DDIR_READ]),
3392                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ratemin[DDIR_WRITE]),
3393                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ratemin[DDIR_TRIM]),
3394                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
3395                 .parent = "rate",
3396                 .hide   = 1,
3397                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3398                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3399         },
3400         {
3401                 .name   = "rate_iops",
3402                 .lname  = "I/O rate IOPS",
3403                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3404                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops[DDIR_READ]),
3405                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops[DDIR_WRITE]),
3406                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops[DDIR_TRIM]),
3407                 .help   = "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
3408                 .hide   = 1,
3409                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3410                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3411         },
3412         {
3413                 .name   = "rate_iops_min",
3414                 .lname  = "I/O min rate IOPS",
3415                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3416                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops_min[DDIR_READ]),
3417                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops_min[DDIR_WRITE]),
3418                 .off3   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_iops_min[DDIR_TRIM]),
3419                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shut down",
3420                 .parent = "rate_iops",
3421                 .hide   = 1,
3422                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3423                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3424         },
3425         {
3426                 .name   = "rate_process",
3427                 .lname  = "Rate Process",
3428                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3429                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, rate_process),
3430                 .help   = "What process controls how rated IO is managed",
3431                 .def    = "linear",
3432                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3433                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3434                 .posval = {
3435                           { .ival = "linear",
3436                             .oval = RATE_PROCESS_LINEAR,
3437                             .help = "Linear rate of IO",
3438                           },
3439                           {
3440                             .ival = "poisson",
3441                             .oval = RATE_PROCESS_POISSON,
3442                             .help = "Rate follows Poisson process",
3443                           },
3444                 },
3445                 .parent = "rate",
3446         },
3447         {
3448                 .name   = "rate_cycle",
3449                 .alias  = "ratecycle",
3450                 .lname  = "I/O rate cycle",
3451                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3452                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ratecycle),
3453                 .help   = "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
3454                 .def    = "1000",
3455                 .parent = "rate",
3456                 .hide   = 1,
3457                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3458                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
3459         },
3460         {
3461                 .name   = "max_latency",
3462                 .lname  = "Max Latency (usec)",
3463                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
3464                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, max_latency),
3465                 .help   = "Maximum tolerated IO latency (usec)",
3466                 .is_time = 1,
3467                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3468                 .group = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3469         },
3470         {
3471                 .name   = "latency_target",
3472                 .lname  = "Latency Target (usec)",
3473                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
3474                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, latency_target),
3475                 .help   = "Ramp to max queue depth supporting this latency",
3476                 .is_time = 1,
3477                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3478                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3479         },
3480         {
3481                 .name   = "latency_window",
3482                 .lname  = "Latency Window (usec)",
3483                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
3484                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, latency_window),
3485                 .help   = "Time to sustain latency_target",
3486                 .is_time = 1,
3487                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3488                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3489         },
3490         {
3491                 .name   = "latency_percentile",
3492                 .lname  = "Latency Percentile",
3493                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
3494                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, latency_percentile),
3495                 .help   = "Percentile of IOs must be below latency_target",
3496                 .def    = "100",
3497                 .maxlen = 1,
3498                 .minfp  = 0.0,
3499                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
3500                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3501                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_LATPROF,
3502         },
3503         {
3504                 .name   = "invalidate",
3505                 .lname  = "Cache invalidate",
3506                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3507                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, invalidate_cache),
3508                 .help   = "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
3509                 .def    = "1",
3510                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3511                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
3512         },
3513         {
3514                 .name   = "sync",
3515                 .lname  = "Synchronous I/O",
3516                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3517                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, sync_io),
3518                 .help   = "Use O_SYNC for buffered writes",
3519                 .def    = "0",
3520                 .parent = "buffered",
3521                 .hide   = 1,
3522                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3523                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
3524         },
3525 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_WRITE_HINT
3526         {
3527                 .name   = "write_hint",
3528                 .lname  = "Write hint",
3529                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3530                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, write_hint),
3531                 .help   = "Set expected write life time",
3532                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_ENGINE,
3533                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3534                 .posval = {
3535                           { .ival = "none",
3536                             .oval = RWH_WRITE_LIFE_NONE,
3537                           },
3538                           { .ival = "short",
3539                             .oval = RWH_WRITE_LIFE_SHORT,
3540                           },
3541                           { .ival = "medium",
3542                             .oval = RWH_WRITE_LIFE_MEDIUM,
3543                           },
3544                           { .ival = "long",
3545                             .oval = RWH_WRITE_LIFE_LONG,
3546                           },
3547                           { .ival = "extreme",
3548                             .oval = RWH_WRITE_LIFE_EXTREME,
3549                           },
3550                 },
3551         },
3552 #endif
3553         {
3554                 .name   = "create_serialize",
3555                 .lname  = "Create serialize",
3556                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3557                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, create_serialize),
3558                 .help   = "Serialize creation of job files",
3559                 .def    = "1",
3560                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3561                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3562         },
3563         {
3564                 .name   = "create_fsync",
3565                 .lname  = "Create fsync",
3566                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3567                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, create_fsync),
3568                 .help   = "fsync file after creation",
3569                 .def    = "1",
3570                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3571                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3572         },
3573         {
3574                 .name   = "create_on_open",
3575                 .lname  = "Create on open",
3576                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3577                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, create_on_open),
3578                 .help   = "Create files when they are opened for IO",
3579                 .def    = "0",
3580                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3581                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3582         },
3583         {
3584                 .name   = "create_only",
3585                 .lname  = "Create Only",
3586                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3587                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, create_only),
3588                 .help   = "Only perform file creation phase",
3589                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3590                 .def    = "0",
3591         },
3592         {
3593                 .name   = "allow_file_create",
3594                 .lname  = "Allow file create",
3595                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3596                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, allow_create),
3597                 .help   = "Permit fio to create files, if they don't exist",
3598                 .def    = "1",
3599                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3600                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
3601         },
3602         {
3603                 .name   = "allow_mounted_write",
3604                 .lname  = "Allow mounted write",
3605                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3606                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, allow_mounted_write),
3607                 .help   = "Allow writes to a mounted partition",
3608                 .def    = "0",
3609                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3610                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
3611         },
3612         {
3613                 .name   = "pre_read",
3614                 .lname  = "Pre-read files",
3615                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3616                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, pre_read),
3617                 .help   = "Pre-read files before starting official testing",
3618                 .def    = "0",
3619                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3620                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3621         },
3622 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
3623         {
3624                 .name   = "cpumask",
3625                 .lname  = "CPU mask",
3626                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3627                 .cb     = str_cpumask_cb,
3628                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cpumask),
3629                 .help   = "CPU affinity mask",
3630                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3631                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3632         },
3633         {
3634                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
3635                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed",
3636                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3637                 .cb     = str_cpus_allowed_cb,
3638                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cpumask),
3639                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed",
3640                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3641                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3642         },
3643         {
3644                 .name   = "cpus_allowed_policy",
3645                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed distribution policy",
3646                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3647                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cpus_allowed_policy),
3648                 .help   = "Distribution policy for cpus_allowed",
3649                 .parent = "cpus_allowed",
3650                 .prio   = 1,
3651                 .posval = {
3652                           { .ival = "shared",
3653                             .oval = FIO_CPUS_SHARED,
3654                             .help = "Mask shared between threads",
3655                           },
3656                           { .ival = "split",
3657                             .oval = FIO_CPUS_SPLIT,
3658                             .help = "Mask split between threads",
3659                           },
3660                 },
3661                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3662                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3663         },
3664 #else
3665         {
3666                 .name   = "cpumask",
3667                 .lname  = "CPU mask",
3668                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3669                 .help   = "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
3670         },
3671         {
3672                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
3673                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed",
3674                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3675                 .help   = "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
3676         },
3677         {
3678                 .name   = "cpus_allowed_policy",
3679                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed distribution policy",
3680                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3681                 .help   = "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
3682         },
3683 #endif
3684 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
3685         {
3686                 .name   = "numa_cpu_nodes",
3687                 .lname  = "NUMA CPU Nodes",
3688                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3689                 .cb     = str_numa_cpunodes_cb,
3690                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, numa_cpunodes),
3691                 .help   = "NUMA CPU nodes bind",
3692                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3693                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3694         },
3695         {
3696                 .name   = "numa_mem_policy",
3697                 .lname  = "NUMA Memory Policy",
3698                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3699                 .cb     = str_numa_mpol_cb,
3700                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, numa_memnodes),
3701                 .help   = "NUMA memory policy setup",
3702                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3703                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3704         },
3705 #else
3706         {
3707                 .name   = "numa_cpu_nodes",
3708                 .lname  = "NUMA CPU Nodes",
3709                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3710                 .help   = "Build fio with libnuma-dev(el) to enable this option",
3711         },
3712         {
3713                 .name   = "numa_mem_policy",
3714                 .lname  = "NUMA Memory Policy",
3715                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3716                 .help   = "Build fio with libnuma-dev(el) to enable this option",
3717         },
3718 #endif
3719 #ifdef CONFIG_CUDA
3720         {
3721                 .name   = "gpu_dev_id",
3722                 .lname  = "GPU device ID",
3723                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3724                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, gpu_dev_id),
3725                 .help   = "Set GPU device ID for GPUDirect RDMA",
3726                 .def    = "0",
3727                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3728                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3729         },
3730 #endif
3731         {
3732                 .name   = "end_fsync",
3733                 .lname  = "End fsync",
3734                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3735                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, end_fsync),
3736                 .help   = "Include fsync at the end of job",
3737                 .def    = "0",
3738                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3739                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3740         },
3741         {
3742                 .name   = "fsync_on_close",
3743                 .lname  = "Fsync on close",
3744                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3745                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, fsync_on_close),
3746                 .help   = "fsync files on close",
3747                 .def    = "0",
3748                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3749                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3750         },
3751         {
3752                 .name   = "unlink",
3753                 .lname  = "Unlink file",
3754                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3755                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, unlink),
3756                 .help   = "Unlink created files after job has completed",
3757                 .def    = "0",
3758                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3759                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3760         },
3761         {
3762                 .name   = "unlink_each_loop",
3763                 .lname  = "Unlink file after each loop of a job",
3764                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3765                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, unlink_each_loop),
3766                 .help   = "Unlink created files after each loop in a job has completed",
3767                 .def    = "0",
3768                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
3769                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3770         },
3771         {
3772                 .name   = "exitall",
3773                 .lname  = "Exit-all on terminate",
3774                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3775                 .cb     = str_exitall_cb,
3776                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
3777                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3778                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3779         },
3780         {
3781                 .name   = "exitall_on_error",
3782                 .lname  = "Exit-all on terminate in error",
3783                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3784                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, exitall_error),
3785                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits in error",
3786                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3787                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3788         },
3789         {
3790                 .name   = "stonewall",
3791                 .lname  = "Wait for previous",
3792                 .alias  = "wait_for_previous",
3793                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3794                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, stonewall),
3795                 .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
3796                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3797                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3798         },
3799         {
3800                 .name   = "new_group",
3801                 .lname  = "New group",
3802                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3803                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, new_group),
3804                 .help   = "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
3805                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3806                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3807         },
3808         {
3809                 .name   = "thread",
3810                 .lname  = "Thread",
3811                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
3812                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, use_thread),
3813                 .help   = "Use threads instead of processes",
3814 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_SHM
3815                 .def    = "1",
3816                 .no_warn_def = 1,
3817 #endif
3818                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3819                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
3820         },
3821         {
3822                 .name   = "per_job_logs",
3823                 .lname  = "Per Job Logs",
3824                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3825                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, per_job_logs),
3826                 .help   = "Include job number in generated log files or not",
3827                 .def    = "1",
3828                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3829                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3830         },
3831         {
3832                 .name   = "write_bw_log",
3833                 .lname  = "Write bandwidth log",
3834                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3835                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bw_log_file),
3836                 .cb     = str_write_bw_log_cb,
3837                 .help   = "Write log of bandwidth during run",
3838                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3839                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3840         },
3841         {
3842                 .name   = "write_lat_log",
3843                 .lname  = "Write latency log",
3844                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3845                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, lat_log_file),
3846                 .cb     = str_write_lat_log_cb,
3847                 .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
3848                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3849                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3850         },
3851         {
3852                 .name   = "write_iops_log",
3853                 .lname  = "Write IOPS log",
3854                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3855                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iops_log_file),
3856                 .cb     = str_write_iops_log_cb,
3857                 .help   = "Write log of IOPS during run",
3858                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3859                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3860         },
3861         {
3862                 .name   = "log_avg_msec",
3863                 .lname  = "Log averaging (msec)",
3864                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3865                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_avg_msec),
3866                 .help   = "Average bw/iops/lat logs over this period of time",
3867                 .def    = "0",
3868                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3869                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3870         },
3871         {
3872                 .name   = "log_hist_msec",
3873                 .lname  = "Log histograms (msec)",
3874                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3875                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_hist_msec),
3876                 .help   = "Dump completion latency histograms at frequency of this time value",
3877                 .def    = "0",
3878                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3879                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3880         },
3881         {
3882                 .name   = "log_hist_coarseness",
3883                 .lname  = "Histogram logs coarseness",
3884                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3885                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_hist_coarseness),
3886                 .help   = "Integer in range [0,6]. Higher coarseness outputs"
3887                         " fewer histogram bins per sample. The number of bins for"
3888                         " these are [1216, 608, 304, 152, 76, 38, 19] respectively.",
3889                 .def    = "0",
3890                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3891                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3892         },
3893         {
3894                 .name   = "write_hist_log",
3895                 .lname  = "Write latency histogram logs",
3896                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3897                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, hist_log_file),
3898                 .cb     = str_write_hist_log_cb,
3899                 .help   = "Write log of latency histograms during run",
3900                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3901                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3902         },
3903         {
3904                 .name   = "log_max_value",
3905                 .lname  = "Log maximum instead of average",
3906                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3907                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_max),
3908                 .help   = "Log max sample in a window instead of average",
3909                 .def    = "0",
3910                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3911                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3912         },
3913         {
3914                 .name   = "log_offset",
3915                 .lname  = "Log offset of IO",
3916                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3917                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_offset),
3918                 .help   = "Include offset of IO for each log entry",
3919                 .def    = "0",
3920                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3921                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3922         },
3923 #ifdef CONFIG_ZLIB
3924         {
3925                 .name   = "log_compression",
3926                 .lname  = "Log compression",
3927                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3928                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_gz),
3929                 .help   = "Log in compressed chunks of this size",
3930                 .minval = 1024ULL,
3931                 .maxval = 512 * 1024 * 1024ULL,
3932                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3933                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3934         },
3935 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
3936         {
3937                 .name   = "log_compression_cpus",
3938                 .lname  = "Log Compression CPUs",
3939                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3940                 .cb     = str_log_cpus_allowed_cb,
3941                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_gz_cpumask),
3942                 .parent = "log_compression",
3943                 .help   = "Limit log compression to these CPUs",
3944                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3945                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3946         },
3947 #else
3948         {
3949                 .name   = "log_compression_cpus",
3950                 .lname  = "Log Compression CPUs",
3951                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3952                 .help   = "Your platform does not support CPU affinities",
3953         },
3954 #endif
3955         {
3956                 .name   = "log_store_compressed",
3957                 .lname  = "Log store compressed",
3958                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3959                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_gz_store),
3960                 .help   = "Store logs in a compressed format",
3961                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3962                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3963         },
3964 #else
3965         {
3966                 .name   = "log_compression",
3967                 .lname  = "Log compression",
3968                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3969                 .help   = "Install libz-dev(el) to get compression support",
3970         },
3971         {
3972                 .name   = "log_store_compressed",
3973                 .lname  = "Log store compressed",
3974                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
3975                 .help   = "Install libz-dev(el) to get compression support",
3976         },
3977 #endif
3978         {
3979                 .name = "log_unix_epoch",
3980                 .lname = "Log epoch unix",
3981                 .type = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3982                 .off1 = offsetof(struct thread_options, log_unix_epoch),
3983                 .help = "Use Unix time in log files",
3984                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3985                 .group = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3986         },
3987         {
3988                 .name   = "block_error_percentiles",
3989                 .lname  = "Block error percentiles",
3990                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3991                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, block_error_hist),
3992                 .help   = "Record trim block errors and make a histogram",
3993                 .def    = "0",
3994                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
3995                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3996         },
3997         {
3998                 .name   = "bwavgtime",
3999                 .lname  = "Bandwidth average time",
4000                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4001                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, bw_avg_time),
4002                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
4003                           " (msec)",
4004                 .def    = "500",
4005                 .parent = "write_bw_log",
4006                 .hide   = 1,
4007                 .interval = 100,
4008                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4009                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4010         },
4011         {
4012                 .name   = "iopsavgtime",
4013                 .lname  = "IOPS average time",
4014                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4015                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, iops_avg_time),
4016                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate IOPS (msec)",
4017                 .def    = "500",
4018                 .parent = "write_iops_log",
4019                 .hide   = 1,
4020                 .interval = 100,
4021                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
4022                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4023         },
4024         {
4025                 .name   = "group_reporting",
4026                 .lname  = "Group reporting",
4027                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
4028                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, group_reporting),
4029                 .help   = "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
4030                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4031                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4032         },
4033         {
4034                 .name   = "stats",
4035                 .lname  = "Stats",
4036                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4037                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, stats),
4038                 .help   = "Enable collection of stats",
4039                 .def    = "1",
4040                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4041                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4042         },
4043         {
4044                 .name   = "zero_buffers",
4045                 .lname  = "Zero I/O buffers",
4046                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
4047                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, zero_buffers),
4048                 .help   = "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
4049                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4050                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4051         },
4052         {
4053                 .name   = "refill_buffers",
4054                 .lname  = "Refill I/O buffers",
4055                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
4056                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, refill_buffers),
4057                 .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
4058                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4059                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4060         },
4061         {
4062                 .name   = "scramble_buffers",
4063                 .lname  = "Scramble I/O buffers",
4064                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4065                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, scramble_buffers),
4066                 .help   = "Slightly scramble buffers on every IO submit",
4067                 .def    = "1",
4068                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4069                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4070         },
4071         {
4072                 .name   = "buffer_pattern",
4073                 .lname  = "Buffer pattern",
4074                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4075                 .cb     = str_buffer_pattern_cb,
4076                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, buffer_pattern),
4077                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
4078                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4079                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4080         },
4081         {
4082                 .name   = "buffer_compress_percentage",
4083                 .lname  = "Buffer compression percentage",
4084                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4085                 .cb     = str_buffer_compress_cb,
4086                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, compress_percentage),
4087                 .maxval = 100,
4088                 .minval = 0,
4089                 .help   = "How compressible the buffer is (approximately)",
4090                 .interval = 5,
4091                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4092                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4093         },
4094         {
4095                 .name   = "buffer_compress_chunk",
4096                 .lname  = "Buffer compression chunk size",
4097                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4098                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, compress_chunk),
4099                 .parent = "buffer_compress_percentage",
4100                 .hide   = 1,
4101                 .help   = "Size of compressible region in buffer",
4102                 .def    = "512",
4103                 .interval = 256,
4104                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4105                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4106         },
4107         {
4108                 .name   = "dedupe_percentage",
4109                 .lname  = "Dedupe percentage",
4110                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4111                 .cb     = str_dedupe_cb,
4112                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, dedupe_percentage),
4113                 .maxval = 100,
4114                 .minval = 0,
4115                 .help   = "Percentage of buffers that are dedupable",
4116                 .interval = 1,
4117                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4118                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
4119         },
4120         {
4121                 .name   = "clat_percentiles",
4122                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentiles",
4123                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4124                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, clat_percentiles),
4125                 .help   = "Enable the reporting of completion latency percentiles",
4126                 .def    = "1",
4127                 .inverse = "lat_percentiles",
4128                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4129                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4130         },
4131         {
4132                 .name   = "lat_percentiles",
4133                 .lname  = "IO latency percentiles",
4134                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4135                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, lat_percentiles),
4136                 .help   = "Enable the reporting of IO latency percentiles",
4137                 .def    = "0",
4138                 .inverse = "clat_percentiles",
4139                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4140                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4141         },
4142         {
4143                 .name   = "percentile_list",
4144                 .lname  = "Percentile list",
4145                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
4146                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, percentile_list),
4147                 .off2   = offsetof(struct thread_options, percentile_precision),
4148                 .help   = "Specify a custom list of percentiles to report for "
4149                           "completion latency and block errors",
4150                 .def    = "1:5:10:20:30:40:50:60:70:80:90:95:99:99.5:99.9:99.95:99.99",
4151                 .maxlen = FIO_IO_U_LIST_MAX_LEN,
4152                 .minfp  = 0.0,
4153                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
4154                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4155                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4156         },
4157         {
4158                 .name   = "significant_figures",
4159                 .lname  = "Significant figures",
4160                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4161                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, sig_figs),
4162                 .maxval = 10,
4163                 .minval = 1,
4164                 .help   = "Significant figures for output-format set to normal",
4165                 .def    = "4",
4166                 .interval = 1,
4167                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4168                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4169         },
4170
4171 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
4172         {
4173                 .name   = "disk_util",
4174                 .lname  = "Disk utilization",
4175                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4176                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, do_disk_util),
4177                 .help   = "Log disk utilization statistics",
4178                 .def    = "1",
4179                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4180                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4181         },
4182 #else
4183         {
4184                 .name   = "disk_util",
4185                 .lname  = "Disk utilization",
4186                 .type   = FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED,
4187                 .help   = "Your platform does not support disk utilization",
4188         },
4189 #endif
4190         {
4191                 .name   = "gtod_reduce",
4192                 .lname  = "Reduce gettimeofday() calls",
4193                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4194                 .help   = "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
4195                 .cb     = str_gtod_reduce_cb,
4196                 .def    = "0",
4197                 .hide_on_set = 1,
4198                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4199                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4200         },
4201         {
4202                 .name   = "disable_lat",
4203                 .lname  = "Disable all latency stats",
4204                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4205                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_lat),
4206                 .help   = "Disable latency numbers",
4207                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
4208                 .hide   = 1,
4209                 .def    = "0",
4210                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4211                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4212         },
4213         {
4214                 .name   = "disable_clat",
4215                 .lname  = "Disable completion latency stats",
4216                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4217                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_clat),
4218                 .help   = "Disable completion latency numbers",
4219                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
4220                 .hide   = 1,
4221                 .def    = "0",
4222                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4223                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4224         },
4225         {
4226                 .name   = "disable_slat",
4227                 .lname  = "Disable submission latency stats",
4228                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4229                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_slat),
4230                 .help   = "Disable submission latency numbers",
4231                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
4232                 .hide   = 1,
4233                 .def    = "0",
4234                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4235                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4236         },
4237         {
4238                 .name   = "disable_bw_measurement",
4239                 .alias  = "disable_bw",
4240                 .lname  = "Disable bandwidth stats",
4241                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4242                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, disable_bw),
4243                 .help   = "Disable bandwidth logging",
4244                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
4245                 .hide   = 1,
4246                 .def    = "0",
4247                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
4248                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4249         },
4250         {
4251                 .name   = "gtod_cpu",
4252                 .lname  = "Dedicated gettimeofday() CPU",
4253                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4254                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, gtod_cpu),
4255                 .help   = "Set up dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
4256                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
4257                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4258                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
4259         },
4260         {
4261                 .name   = "unified_rw_reporting",
4262                 .lname  = "Unified RW Reporting",
4263                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4264                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, unified_rw_rep),
4265                 .help   = "Unify reporting across data direction",
4266                 .def    = "0",
4267                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4268                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4269         },
4270         {
4271                 .name   = "continue_on_error",
4272                 .lname  = "Continue on error",
4273                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4274                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, continue_on_error),
4275                 .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during IO",
4276                 .def    = "none",
4277                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4278                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
4279                 .posval = {
4280                           { .ival = "none",
4281                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
4282                             .help = "Exit when an error is encountered",
4283                           },
4284                           { .ival = "read",
4285                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ,
4286                             .help = "Continue on read errors only",
4287                           },
4288                           { .ival = "write",
4289                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
4290                             .help = "Continue on write errors only",
4291                           },
4292                           { .ival = "io",
4293                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ | ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
4294                             .help = "Continue on any IO errors",
4295                           },
4296                           { .ival = "verify",
4297                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_VERIFY,
4298                             .help = "Continue on verify errors only",
4299                           },
4300                           { .ival = "all",
4301                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
4302                             .help = "Continue on all io and verify errors",
4303                           },
4304                           { .ival = "0",
4305                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
4306                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
4307                           },
4308                           { .ival = "1",
4309                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
4310                             .help = "Alias for 'all'",
4311                           },
4312                 },
4313         },
4314         {
4315                 .name   = "ignore_error",
4316                 .lname  = "Ignore Error",
4317                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4318                 .cb     = str_ignore_error_cb,
4319                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ignore_error_nr),
4320                 .help   = "Set a specific list of errors to ignore",
4321                 .parent = "rw",
4322                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4323                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
4324         },
4325         {
4326                 .name   = "error_dump",
4327                 .lname  = "Error Dump",
4328                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4329                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, error_dump),
4330                 .def    = "0",
4331                 .help   = "Dump info on each error",
4332                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4333                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
4334         },
4335         {
4336                 .name   = "profile",
4337                 .lname  = "Profile",
4338                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
4339                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, profile),
4340                 .help   = "Select a specific builtin performance test",
4341                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
4342                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4343         },
4344         {
4345                 .name   = "cgroup",
4346                 .lname  = "Cgroup",
4347                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
4348                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cgroup),
4349                 .help   = "Add job to cgroup of this name",
4350                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4351                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
4352         },
4353         {
4354                 .name   = "cgroup_nodelete",
4355                 .lname  = "Cgroup no-delete",
4356                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
4357                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cgroup_nodelete),
4358                 .help   = "Do not delete cgroups after job completion",
4359                 .def    = "0",
4360                 .parent = "cgroup",
4361                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4362                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
4363         },
4364         {
4365                 .name   = "cgroup_weight",
4366                 .lname  = "Cgroup weight",
4367                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4368                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, cgroup_weight),
4369                 .help   = "Use given weight for cgroup",
4370                 .minval = 100,
4371                 .maxval = 1000,
4372                 .parent = "cgroup",
4373                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4374                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
4375         },
4376         {
4377                 .name   = "uid",
4378                 .lname  = "User ID",
4379                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4380                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, uid),
4381                 .help   = "Run job with this user ID",
4382                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4383                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
4384         },
4385         {
4386                 .name   = "gid",
4387                 .lname  = "Group ID",
4388                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4389                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, gid),
4390                 .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
4391                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4392                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
4393         },
4394         {
4395                 .name   = "kb_base",
4396                 .lname  = "KB Base",
4397                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4398                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, kb_base),
4399                 .prio   = 1,
4400                 .def    = "1024",
4401                 .posval = {
4402                           { .ival = "1024",
4403                             .oval = 1024,
4404                             .help = "Inputs invert IEC and SI prefixes (for compatibility); outputs prefer binary",
4405                           },
4406                           { .ival = "1000",
4407                             .oval = 1000,
4408                             .help = "Inputs use IEC and SI prefixes; outputs prefer SI",
4409                           },
4410                 },
4411                 .help   = "Unit prefix interpretation for quantities of data (IEC and SI)",
4412                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4413                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4414         },
4415         {
4416                 .name   = "unit_base",
4417                 .lname  = "Unit for quantities of data (Bits or Bytes)",
4418                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4419                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, unit_base),
4420                 .prio   = 1,
4421                 .posval = {
4422                           { .ival = "0",
4423                             .oval = 0,
4424                             .help = "Auto-detect",
4425                           },
4426                           { .ival = "8",
4427                             .oval = 8,
4428                             .help = "Normal (byte based)",
4429                           },
4430                           { .ival = "1",
4431                             .oval = 1,
4432                             .help = "Bit based",
4433                           },
4434                 },
4435                 .help   = "Bit multiple of result summary data (8 for byte, 1 for bit)",
4436                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4437                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4438         },
4439         {
4440                 .name   = "hugepage-size",
4441                 .lname  = "Hugepage size",
4442                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4443                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, hugepage_size),
4444                 .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
4445                 .def    = __fio_stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
4446                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
4447                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4448                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
4449         },
4450         {
4451                 .name   = "flow_id",
4452                 .lname  = "I/O flow ID",
4453                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4454                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, flow_id),
4455                 .help   = "The flow index ID to use",
4456                 .def    = "0",
4457                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4458                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
4459         },
4460         {
4461                 .name   = "flow",
4462                 .lname  = "I/O flow weight",
4463                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4464                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, flow),
4465                 .help   = "Weight for flow control of this job",
4466                 .parent = "flow_id",
4467                 .hide   = 1,
4468                 .def    = "0",
4469                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4470                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
4471         },
4472         {
4473                 .name   = "flow_watermark",
4474                 .lname  = "I/O flow watermark",
4475                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4476                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, flow_watermark),
4477                 .help   = "High watermark for flow control. This option"
4478                         " should be set to the same value for all threads"
4479                         " with non-zero flow.",
4480                 .parent = "flow_id",
4481                 .hide   = 1,
4482                 .def    = "1024",
4483                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4484                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
4485         },
4486         {
4487                 .name   = "flow_sleep",
4488                 .lname  = "I/O flow sleep",
4489                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
4490                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, flow_sleep),
4491                 .help   = "How many microseconds to sleep after being held"
4492                         " back by the flow control mechanism",
4493                 .parent = "flow_id",
4494                 .hide   = 1,
4495                 .def    = "0",
4496                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
4497                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
4498         },
4499         {
4500                 .name   = "steadystate",
4501                 .lname  = "Steady state threshold",
4502                 .alias  = "ss",
4503                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
4504                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ss_state),
4505                 .cb     = str_steadystate_cb,
4506                 .help   = "Define the criterion and limit to judge when a job has reached steady state",
4507                 .def    = "iops_slope:0.01%",
4508                 .posval = {
4509                           { .ival = "iops",
4510                             .oval = FIO_SS_IOPS,
4511                             .help = "maximum mean deviation of IOPS measurements",
4512                           },
4513                           { .ival = "iops_slope",
4514                             .oval = FIO_SS_IOPS_SLOPE,
4515                             .help = "slope calculated from IOPS measurements",
4516                           },
4517                           { .ival = "bw",
4518                             .oval = FIO_SS_BW,
4519                             .help = "maximum mean deviation of bandwidth measurements",
4520                           },
4521                           {
4522                             .ival = "bw_slope",
4523                             .oval = FIO_SS_BW_SLOPE,
4524                             .help = "slope calculated from bandwidth measurements",
4525                           },
4526                 },
4527                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4528                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
4529         },
4530         {
4531                 .name   = "steadystate_duration",
4532                 .lname  = "Steady state duration",
4533                 .alias  = "ss_dur",
4534                 .parent = "steadystate",
4535                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
4536                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ss_dur),
4537                 .help   = "Stop workload upon attaining steady state for specified duration",
4538                 .def    = "0",
4539                 .is_seconds = 1,
4540                 .is_time = 1,
4541                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4542                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
4543         },
4544         {
4545                 .name   = "steadystate_ramp_time",
4546                 .lname  = "Steady state ramp time",
4547                 .alias  = "ss_ramp",
4548                 .parent = "steadystate",
4549                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
4550                 .off1   = offsetof(struct thread_options, ss_ramp_time),
4551                 .help   = "Delay before initiation of data collection for steady state job termination testing",
4552                 .def    = "0",
4553                 .is_seconds = 1,
4554                 .is_time = 1,
4555                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
4556                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
4557         },
4558         {
4559                 .name = NULL,
4560         },
4561 };
4562
4563 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o,
4564                         const char *name, int val)
4565 {
4566         lopt->name = (char *) name;
4567         lopt->val = val;
4568         if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
4569                 lopt->has_arg = optional_argument;
4570         else
4571                 lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
4572 }
4573
4574 static void options_to_lopts(struct fio_option *opts,
4575                               struct option *long_options,
4576                               int i, int option_type)
4577 {
4578         struct fio_option *o = &opts[0];
4579         while (o->name) {
4580                 add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->name, option_type);
4581                 if (o->alias) {
4582                         i++;
4583                         add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->alias, option_type);
4584                 }
4585
4586                 i++;
4587                 o++;
4588                 assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
4589         }
4590 }
4591
4592 void fio_options_set_ioengine_opts(struct option *long_options,
4593                                    struct thread_data *td)
4594 {
4595         unsigned int i;
4596
4597         i = 0;
4598         while (long_options[i].name) {
4599                 if (long_options[i].val == FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE) {
4600                         memset(&long_options[i], 0, sizeof(*long_options));
4601                         break;
4602                 }
4603                 i++;
4604         }
4605
4606         /*
4607          * Just clear out the prior ioengine options.
4608          */
4609         if (!td || !td->eo)
4610                 return;
4611
4612         options_to_lopts(td->io_ops->options, long_options, i,
4613                          FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE);
4614 }
4615
4616 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
4617 {
4618         unsigned int i;
4619
4620         options_init(fio_options);
4621
4622         i = 0;
4623         while (long_options[i].name)
4624                 i++;
4625
4626         options_to_lopts(fio_options, long_options, i, FIO_GETOPT_JOB);
4627 }
4628
4629 struct fio_keyword {
4630         const char *word;
4631         const char *desc;
4632         char *replace;
4633 };
4634
4635 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
4636         {
4637                 .word   = "$pagesize",
4638                 .desc   = "Page size in the system",
4639         },
4640         {
4641                 .word   = "$mb_memory",
4642                 .desc   = "Megabytes of memory online",
4643         },
4644         {
4645                 .word   = "$ncpus",
4646                 .desc   = "Number of CPUs online in the system",
4647         },
4648         {
4649                 .word   = NULL,
4650         },
4651 };
4652
4653 void fio_keywords_exit(void)
4654 {
4655         struct fio_keyword *kw;
4656
4657         kw = &fio_keywords[0];
4658         while (kw->word) {
4659                 free(kw->replace);
4660                 kw->replace = NULL;
4661                 kw++;
4662         }
4663 }
4664
4665 void fio_keywords_init(void)
4666 {
4667         unsigned long long mb_memory;
4668         char buf[128];
4669         long l;
4670
4671         sprintf(buf, "%lu", (unsigned long) page_size);
4672         fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
4673
4674         mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / (1024 * 1024);
4675         sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
4676         fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
4677
4678         l = cpus_online();
4679         sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
4680         fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
4681 }
4682
4683 #define BC_APP          "bc"
4684
4685 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
4686 {
4687         char buf[128], *tmp;
4688         FILE *f;
4689         int ret;
4690
4691         /*
4692          * No math, just return string
4693          */
4694         if ((!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
4695              !strchr(str, '/')) || strchr(str, '\''))
4696                 return str;
4697
4698         /*
4699          * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
4700          */
4701         tmp = strchr(str, '=');
4702         if (!tmp)
4703                 return str;
4704
4705         tmp++;
4706
4707         /*
4708          * Prevent buffer overflows; such a case isn't reasonable anyway
4709          */
4710         if (strlen(str) >= 128 || strlen(tmp) > 100)
4711                 return str;
4712
4713         sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
4714         if (system(buf)) {
4715                 log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
4716                 return NULL;
4717         }
4718
4719         sprintf(buf, "echo '%s' | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
4720         f = popen(buf, "r");
4721         if (!f)
4722                 return NULL;
4723
4724         ret = fread(&buf[tmp - str], 1, 128 - (tmp - str), f);
4725         if (ret <= 0) {
4726                 pclose(f);
4727                 return NULL;
4728         }
4729
4730         pclose(f);
4731         buf[(tmp - str) + ret - 1] = '\0';
4732         memcpy(buf, str, tmp - str);
4733         free(str);
4734         return strdup(buf);
4735 }
4736
4737 /*
4738  * Return a copy of the input string with substrings of the form ${VARNAME}
4739  * substituted with the value of the environment variable VARNAME.  The
4740  * substitution always occurs, even if VARNAME is empty or the corresponding
4741  * environment variable undefined.
4742  */
4743 static char *option_dup_subs(const char *opt)
4744 {
4745         char out[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
4746         char in[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
4747         char *outptr = out;
4748         char *inptr = in;
4749         char *ch1, *ch2, *env;
4750         ssize_t nchr = OPT_LEN_MAX;
4751         size_t envlen;
4752
4753         if (strlen(opt) + 1 > OPT_LEN_MAX) {
4754                 log_err("OPT_LEN_MAX (%d) is too small\n", OPT_LEN_MAX);
4755                 return NULL;
4756         }
4757
4758         in[OPT_LEN_MAX] = '\0';
4759         strncpy(in, opt, OPT_LEN_MAX);
4760
4761         while (*inptr && nchr > 0) {
4762                 if (inptr[0] == '$' && inptr[1] == '{') {
4763                         ch2 = strchr(inptr, '}');
4764                         if (ch2 && inptr+1 < ch2) {
4765                                 ch1 = inptr+2;
4766                                 inptr = ch2+1;
4767                                 *ch2 = '\0';
4768
4769                                 env = getenv(ch1);
4770                                 if (env) {
4771                                         envlen = strlen(env);
4772                                         if (envlen <= nchr) {
4773                                                 memcpy(outptr, env, envlen);
4774                                                 outptr += envlen;
4775                                                 nchr -= envlen;
4776                                         }
4777                                 }
4778
4779                                 continue;
4780                         }
4781                 }
4782
4783                 *outptr++ = *inptr++;
4784                 --nchr;
4785         }
4786
4787         *outptr = '\0';
4788         return strdup(out);
4789 }
4790
4791 /*
4792  * Look for reserved variable names and replace them with real values
4793  */
4794 static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
4795 {
4796         char *s;
4797         int i;
4798         int docalc = 0;
4799
4800         for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
4801                 struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
4802
4803                 while ((s = strstr(opt, kw->word)) != NULL) {
4804                         char *new = malloc(strlen(opt) + 1);
4805                         char *o_org = opt;
4806                         int olen = s - opt;
4807                         int len;
4808
4809                         /*
4810                          * Copy part of the string before the keyword and
4811                          * sprintf() the replacement after it.
4812                          */
4813                         memcpy(new, opt, olen);
4814                         len = sprintf(new + olen, "%s", kw->replace);
4815
4816                         /*
4817                          * If there's more in the original string, copy that
4818                          * in too
4819                          */
4820                         opt += strlen(kw->word) + olen;
4821                         if (strlen(opt))
4822                                 memcpy(new + olen + len, opt, opt - o_org - 1);
4823
4824                         /*
4825                          * replace opt and free the old opt
4826                          */
4827                         opt = new;
4828                         free(o_org);
4829
4830                         docalc = 1;
4831                 }
4832         }
4833
4834         /*
4835          * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
4836          */
4837         if (docalc)
4838                 opt = bc_calc(opt);
4839
4840         return opt;
4841 }
4842
4843 static char **dup_and_sub_options(char **opts, int num_opts)
4844 {
4845         int i;
4846         char **opts_copy = malloc(num_opts * sizeof(*opts));
4847         for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
4848                 opts_copy[i] = option_dup_subs(opts[i]);
4849                 if (!opts_copy[i])
4850                         continue;
4851                 opts_copy[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts_copy[i]);
4852         }
4853         return opts_copy;
4854 }
4855
4856 static void show_closest_option(const char *opt)
4857 {
4858         int best_option, best_distance;
4859         int i, distance;
4860         char *name;
4861
4862         if (!strlen(opt))
4863                 return;
4864
4865         name = strdup(opt);
4866         i = 0;
4867         while (name[i] != '\0' && name[i] != '=')
4868                 i++;
4869         name[i] = '\0';
4870
4871         best_option = -1;
4872         best_distance = INT_MAX;
4873         i = 0;
4874         while (fio_options[i].name) {
4875                 distance = string_distance(name, fio_options[i].name);
4876                 if (distance < best_distance) {
4877                         best_distance = distance;
4878                         best_option = i;
4879                 }
4880                 i++;
4881         }
4882
4883         if (best_option != -1 && string_distance_ok(name, best_distance) &&
4884             fio_options[best_option].type != FIO_OPT_UNSUPPORTED)
4885                 log_err("Did you mean %s?\n", fio_options[best_option].name);
4886
4887         free(name);
4888 }
4889
4890 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts)
4891 {
4892         int i, ret, unknown;
4893         char **opts_copy;
4894
4895         sort_options(opts, fio_options, num_opts);
4896         opts_copy = dup_and_sub_options(opts, num_opts);
4897
4898         for (ret = 0, i = 0, unknown = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
4899                 struct fio_option *o;
4900                 int newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i], fio_options,
4901                                                 &o, &td->o, &td->opt_list);
4902
4903                 if (!newret && o)
4904                         fio_option_mark_set(&td->o, o);
4905
4906                 if (opts_copy[i]) {
4907                         if (newret && !o) {
4908                                 unknown++;
4909                                 continue;
4910                         }
4911                         free(opts_copy[i]);
4912                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
4913                 }
4914
4915                 ret |= newret;
4916         }
4917
4918         if (unknown) {
4919                 ret |= ioengine_load(td);
4920                 if (td->eo) {
4921                         sort_options(opts_copy, td->io_ops->options, num_opts);
4922                         opts = opts_copy;
4923                 }
4924                 for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
4925                         struct fio_option *o = NULL;
4926                         int newret = 1;
4927
4928                         if (!opts_copy[i])
4929                                 continue;
4930
4931                         if (td->eo)
4932                                 newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i],
4933                                                       td->io_ops->options, &o,
4934                                                       td->eo, &td->opt_list);
4935
4936                         ret |= newret;
4937                         if (!o) {
4938                                 log_err("Bad option <%s>\n", opts[i]);
4939                                 show_closest_option(opts[i]);
4940                         }
4941                         free(opts_copy[i]);
4942                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
4943                 }
4944         }
4945
4946         free(opts_copy);
4947         return ret;
4948 }
4949
4950 int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
4951 {
4952         int ret;
4953
4954         ret = parse_cmd_option(opt, val, fio_options, &td->o, &td->opt_list);
4955         if (!ret) {
4956                 struct fio_option *o;
4957
4958                 o = find_option(fio_options, opt);
4959                 if (o)
4960                         fio_option_mark_set(&td->o, o);
4961         }
4962
4963         return ret;
4964 }
4965
4966 int fio_cmd_ioengine_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt,
4967                                 char *val)
4968 {
4969         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, td->io_ops->options, td->eo,
4970                                         &td->opt_list);
4971 }
4972
4973 void fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data *td)
4974 {
4975         td->o.magic = OPT_MAGIC;
4976         fill_default_options(&td->o, fio_options);
4977 }
4978
4979 int fio_show_option_help(const char *opt)
4980 {
4981         return show_cmd_help(fio_options, opt);
4982 }
4983
4984 /*
4985  * dupe FIO_OPT_STR_STORE options
4986  */
4987 void fio_options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
4988 {
4989         options_mem_dupe(fio_options, &td->o);
4990
4991         if (td->eo && td->io_ops) {
4992                 void *oldeo = td->eo;
4993
4994                 td->eo = malloc(td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
4995                 memcpy(td->eo, oldeo, td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
4996                 options_mem_dupe(td->io_ops->options, td->eo);
4997         }
4998 }
4999
5000 unsigned int fio_get_kb_base(void *data)
5001 {
5002         struct thread_data *td = cb_data_to_td(data);
5003         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
5004         unsigned int kb_base = 0;
5005
5006         /*
5007          * This is a hack... For private options, *data is not holding
5008          * a pointer to the thread_options, but to private data. This means
5009          * we can't safely dereference it, but magic is first so mem wise
5010          * it is valid. But this also means that if the job first sets
5011          * kb_base and expects that to be honored by private options,
5012          * it will be disappointed. We will return the global default
5013          * for this.
5014          */
5015         if (o && o->magic == OPT_MAGIC)
5016                 kb_base = o->kb_base;
5017         if (!kb_base)
5018                 kb_base = 1024;
5019
5020         return kb_base;
5021 }
5022
5023 int add_option(struct fio_option *o)
5024 {
5025         struct fio_option *__o;
5026         int opt_index = 0;
5027
5028         __o = fio_options;
5029         while (__o->name) {
5030                 opt_index++;
5031                 __o++;
5032         }
5033
5034         if (opt_index + 1 == FIO_MAX_OPTS) {
5035                 log_err("fio: FIO_MAX_OPTS is too small\n");
5036                 return 1;
5037         }
5038
5039         memcpy(&fio_options[opt_index], o, sizeof(*o));
5040         fio_options[opt_index + 1].name = NULL;
5041         return 0;
5042 }
5043
5044 void invalidate_profile_options(const char *prof_name)
5045 {
5046         struct fio_option *o;
5047
5048         o = fio_options;
5049         while (o->name) {
5050                 if (o->prof_name && !strcmp(o->prof_name, prof_name)) {
5051                         o->type = FIO_OPT_INVALID;
5052                         o->prof_name = NULL;
5053                 }
5054                 o++;
5055         }
5056 }
5057
5058 void add_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival, const char *help)
5059 {
5060         struct fio_option *o;
5061         unsigned int i;
5062
5063         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
5064         if (!o)
5065                 return;
5066
5067         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
5068                 if (o->posval[i].ival)
5069                         continue;
5070
5071                 o->posval[i].ival = ival;
5072                 o->posval[i].help = help;
5073                 break;
5074         }
5075 }
5076
5077 void del_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival)
5078 {
5079         struct fio_option *o;
5080         unsigned int i;
5081
5082         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
5083         if (!o)
5084                 return;
5085
5086         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
5087                 if (!o->posval[i].ival)
5088                         continue;
5089                 if (strcmp(o->posval[i].ival, ival))
5090                         continue;
5091
5092                 o->posval[i].ival = NULL;
5093                 o->posval[i].help = NULL;
5094         }
5095 }
5096
5097 void fio_options_free(struct thread_data *td)
5098 {
5099         options_free(fio_options, &td->o);
5100         if (td->eo && td->io_ops && td->io_ops->options) {
5101                 options_free(td->io_ops->options, td->eo);
5102                 free(td->eo);
5103                 td->eo = NULL;
5104         }
5105 }
5106
5107 struct fio_option *fio_option_find(const char *name)
5108 {
5109         return find_option(fio_options, name);
5110 }
5111
5112 static struct fio_option *find_next_opt(struct thread_options *o,
5113                                         struct fio_option *from,
5114                                         unsigned int off1)
5115 {
5116         struct fio_option *opt;
5117
5118         if (!from)
5119                 from = &fio_options[0];
5120         else
5121                 from++;
5122
5123         opt = NULL;
5124         do {
5125                 if (off1 == from->off1) {
5126                         opt = from;
5127                         break;
5128                 }
5129                 from++;
5130         } while (from->name);
5131
5132         return opt;
5133 }
5134
5135 static int opt_is_set(struct thread_options *o, struct fio_option *opt)
5136 {
5137         unsigned int opt_off, index, offset;
5138
5139         opt_off = opt - &fio_options[0];
5140         index = opt_off / (8 * sizeof(uint64_t));
5141         offset = opt_off & ((8 * sizeof(uint64_t)) - 1);
5142         return (o->set_options[index] & ((uint64_t)1 << offset)) != 0;
5143 }
5144
5145 bool __fio_option_is_set(struct thread_options *o, unsigned int off1)
5146 {
5147         struct fio_option *opt, *next;
5148
5149         next = NULL;
5150         while ((opt = find_next_opt(o, next, off1)) != NULL) {
5151                 if (opt_is_set(o, opt))
5152                         return true;
5153
5154                 next = opt;
5155         }
5156
5157         return false;
5158 }
5159
5160 void fio_option_mark_set(struct thread_options *o, struct fio_option *opt)
5161 {
5162         unsigned int opt_off, index, offset;
5163
5164         opt_off = opt - &fio_options[0];
5165         index = opt_off / (8 * sizeof(uint64_t));
5166         offset = opt_off & ((8 * sizeof(uint64_t)) - 1);
5167         o->set_options[index] |= (uint64_t)1 << offset;
5168 }