options.c

   1 #include <stdio.h>
   2 #include <stdlib.h>
   3 #include <unistd.h>
   4 #include <ctype.h>
   5 #include <string.h>
   6 #include <assert.h>
   7 #include <libgen.h>
   8 #include <fcntl.h>
   9 #include <sys/types.h>
  10 #include <sys/stat.h>
  11
  12 #include "fio.h"
  13 #include "verify.h"
  14 #include "parse.h"
  15 #include "lib/fls.h"
  16 #include "options.h"
  17
  18 #include "crc/crc32c.h"
  19
  20 /*
  21  * Check if mmap/mmaphuge has a :/foo/bar/file at the end. If so, return that.
  22  */
  23 static char *get_opt_postfix(const char *str)
  24 {
  25         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
  26
  27         if (!p)
  28                 return NULL;
  29
  30         p++;
  31         strip_blank_front(&p);
  32         strip_blank_end(p);
  33         return strdup(p);
  34 }
  35
  36 static int converthexchartoint(char a)
  37 {
  38         int base;
  39
  40         switch(a) {
  41         case '0'...'9':
  42                 base = '0';
  43                 break;
  44         case 'A'...'F':
  45                 base = 'A' - 10;
  46                 break;
  47         case 'a'...'f':
  48                 base = 'a' - 10;
  49                 break;
  50         default:
  51                 base = 0;
  52         }
  53         return (a - base);
  54 }
  55
  56 static int bs_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
  57 {
  58         const struct bssplit *bsp1 = p1;
  59         const struct bssplit *bsp2 = p2;
  60
  61         return bsp1->perc < bsp2->perc;
  62 }
  63
  64 static int bssplit_ddir(struct thread_data *td, int ddir, char *str)
  65 {
  66         struct bssplit *bssplit;
  67         unsigned int i, perc, perc_missing;
  68         unsigned int max_bs, min_bs;
  69         long long val;
  70         char *fname;
  71
  72         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] = 4;
  73         bssplit = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  74
  75         i = 0;
  76         max_bs = 0;
  77         min_bs = -1;
  78         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
  79                 char *perc_str;
  80
  81                 if (!strlen(fname))
  82                         break;
  83
  84                 /*
  85                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
  86                  */
  87                 if (i == td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]) {
  88                         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] <<= 1;
  89                         bssplit = realloc(bssplit, td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]
  90                                                   * sizeof(struct bssplit));
  91                 }
  92
  93                 perc_str = strstr(fname, "/");
  94                 if (perc_str) {
  95                         *perc_str = '\0';
  96                         perc_str++;
  97                         perc = atoi(perc_str);
  98                         if (perc > 100)
  99                                 perc = 100;
 100                         else if (!perc)
 101                                 perc = -1;
 102                 } else
 103                         perc = -1;
 104
 105                 if (str_to_decimal(fname, &val, 1, td)) {
 106                         log_err("fio: bssplit conversion failed\n");
 107                         free(td->o.bssplit);
 108                         return 1;
 109                 }
 110
 111                 if (val > max_bs)
 112                         max_bs = val;
 113                 if (val < min_bs)
 114                         min_bs = val;
 115
 116                 bssplit[i].bs = val;
 117                 bssplit[i].perc = perc;
 118                 i++;
 119         }
 120
 121         td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir] = i;
 122
 123         /*
 124          * Now check if the percentages add up, and how much is missing
 125          */
 126         perc = perc_missing = 0;
 127         for (i = 0; i < td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 128                 struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 129
 130                 if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 131                         perc_missing++;
 132                 else
 133                         perc += bsp->perc;
 134         }
 135
 136         if (perc > 100) {
 137                 log_err("fio: bssplit percentages add to more than 100%%\n");
 138                 free(bssplit);
 139                 return 1;
 140         }
 141         /*
 142          * If values didn't have a percentage set, divide the remains between
 143          * them.
 144          */
 145         if (perc_missing) {
 146                 for (i = 0; i < td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir]; i++) {
 147                         struct bssplit *bsp = &bssplit[i];
 148
 149                         if (bsp->perc == (unsigned char) -1)
 150                                 bsp->perc = (100 - perc) / perc_missing;
 151                 }
 152         }
 153
 154         td->o.min_bs[ddir] = min_bs;
 155         td->o.max_bs[ddir] = max_bs;
 156
 157         /*
 158          * now sort based on percentages, for ease of lookup
 159          */
 160         qsort(bssplit, td->o.bssplit_nr[ddir], sizeof(struct bssplit), bs_cmp);
 161         td->o.bssplit[ddir] = bssplit;
 162         return 0;
 163
 164 }
 165
 166 static int str_bssplit_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 167 {
 168         struct thread_data *td = data;
 169         char *str, *p, *odir, *ddir;
 170         int ret = 0;
 171
 172         p = str = strdup(input);
 173
 174         strip_blank_front(&str);
 175         strip_blank_end(str);
 176
 177         odir = strchr(str, ',');
 178         if (odir) {
 179                 ddir = strchr(odir + 1, ',');
 180                 if (ddir) {
 181                         ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_TRIM, ddir + 1);
 182                         if (!ret)
 183                                 *ddir = '\0';
 184                 } else {
 185                         char *op;
 186
 187                         op = strdup(odir + 1);
 188                         ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 189
 190                         free(op);
 191                 }
 192                 if (!ret)
 193                         ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_WRITE, odir + 1);
 194                 if (!ret) {
 195                         *odir = '\0';
 196                         ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_READ, str);
 197                 }
 198         } else {
 199                 char *op;
 200
 201                 op = strdup(str);
 202                 ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_WRITE, op);
 203                 free(op);
 204
 205                 if (!ret) {
 206                         op = strdup(str);
 207                         ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_TRIM, op);
 208                         free(op);
 209                 }
 210                 ret = bssplit_ddir(td, DDIR_READ, str);
 211         }
 212
 213         free(p);
 214         return ret;
 215 }
 216
 217 static int str2error(char *str)
 218 {
 219         const char * err[] = {"EPERM", "ENOENT", "ESRCH", "EINTR", "EIO",
 220                             "ENXIO", "E2BIG", "ENOEXEC", "EBADF",
 221                             "ECHILD", "EAGAIN", "ENOMEM", "EACCES",
 222                             "EFAULT", "ENOTBLK", "EBUSY", "EEXIST",
 223                             "EXDEV", "ENODEV", "ENOTDIR", "EISDIR",
 224                             "EINVAL", "ENFILE", "EMFILE", "ENOTTY",
 225                             "ETXTBSY","EFBIG", "ENOSPC", "ESPIPE",
 226                             "EROFS","EMLINK", "EPIPE", "EDOM", "ERANGE"};
 227         int i = 0, num = sizeof(err) / sizeof(void *);
 228
 229         while( i < num) {
 230                 if (!strcmp(err[i], str))
 231                         return i + 1;
 232                 i++;
 233         }
 234         return 0;
 235 }
 236
 237 static int ignore_error_type(struct thread_data *td, int etype, char *str)
 238 {
 239         unsigned int i;
 240         int *error;
 241         char *fname;
 242
 243         if (etype >= ERROR_TYPE_CNT) {
 244                 log_err("Illegal error type\n");
 245                 return 1;
 246         }
 247
 248         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = 4;
 249         error = malloc(4 * sizeof(struct bssplit));
 250
 251         i = 0;
 252         while ((fname = strsep(&str, ":")) != NULL) {
 253
 254                 if (!strlen(fname))
 255                         break;
 256
 257                 /*
 258                  * grow struct buffer, if needed
 259                  */
 260                 if (i == td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]) {
 261                         td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] <<= 1;
 262                         error = realloc(error, td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype]
 263                                                   * sizeof(int));
 264                 }
 265                 if (fname[0] == 'E') {
 266                         error[i] = str2error(fname);
 267                 } else {
 268                         error[i] = atoi(fname);
 269                         if (error[i] < 0)
 270                                 error[i] = error[i];
 271                 }
 272                 if (!error[i]) {
 273                         log_err("Unknown error %s, please use number value \n",
 274                                   fname);
 275                         return 1;
 276                 }
 277                 i++;
 278         }
 279         if (i) {
 280                 td->o.continue_on_error |= 1 << etype;
 281                 td->o.ignore_error_nr[etype] = i;
 282                 td->o.ignore_error[etype] = error;
 283         }
 284         return 0;
 285
 286 }
 287
 288 static int str_ignore_error_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 289 {
 290         struct thread_data *td = data;
 291         char *str, *p, *n;
 292         int type = 0, ret = 1;
 293         p = str = strdup(input);
 294
 295         strip_blank_front(&str);
 296         strip_blank_end(str);
 297
 298         while (p) {
 299                 n = strchr(p, ',');
 300                 if (n)
 301                         *n++ = '\0';
 302                 ret = ignore_error_type(td, type, p);
 303                 if (ret)
 304                         break;
 305                 p = n;
 306                 type++;
 307         }
 308         free(str);
 309         return ret;
 310 }
 311
 312 static int str_rw_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 313 {
 314         struct thread_data *td = data;
 315         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 316
 317         td->o.ddir_seq_nr = 1;
 318         td->o.ddir_seq_add = 0;
 319
 320         if (!nr)
 321                 return 0;
 322
 323         if (td_random(td))
 324                 td->o.ddir_seq_nr = atoi(nr);
 325         else {
 326                 long long val;
 327
 328                 if (str_to_decimal(nr, &val, 1, td)) {
 329                         log_err("fio: rw postfix parsing failed\n");
 330                         free(nr);
 331                         return 1;
 332                 }
 333
 334                 td->o.ddir_seq_add = val;
 335         }
 336
 337         free(nr);
 338         return 0;
 339 }
 340
 341 static int str_mem_cb(void *data, const char *mem)
 342 {
 343         struct thread_data *td = data;
 344
 345         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAP)
 346                 td->mmapfile = get_opt_postfix(mem);
 347
 348         return 0;
 349 }
 350
 351 static int fio_clock_source_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 352 {
 353         struct thread_data *td = data;
 354
 355         fio_clock_source = td->o.clocksource;
 356         fio_clock_source_set = 1;
 357         fio_clock_init();
 358         return 0;
 359 }
 360
 361 static int str_rwmix_read_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 362 {
 363         struct thread_data *td = data;
 364
 365         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = *val;
 366         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - *val;
 367         return 0;
 368 }
 369
 370 static int str_rwmix_write_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 371 {
 372         struct thread_data *td = data;
 373
 374         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = *val;
 375         td->o.rwmix[DDIR_READ] = 100 - *val;
 376         return 0;
 377 }
 378
 379 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
 380 static int str_prioclass_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 381 {
 382         struct thread_data *td = data;
 383         unsigned short mask;
 384
 385         /*
 386          * mask off old class bits, str_prio_cb() may have set a default class
 387          */
 388         mask = (1 << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT) - 1;
 389         td->ioprio &= mask;
 390
 391         td->ioprio |= *val << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT;
 392         td->ioprio_set = 1;
 393         return 0;
 394 }
 395
 396 static int str_prio_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 397 {
 398         struct thread_data *td = data;
 399
 400         td->ioprio |= *val;
 401
 402         /*
 403          * If no class is set, assume BE
 404          */
 405         if ((td->ioprio >> IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT) == 0)
 406                 td->ioprio |= IOPRIO_CLASS_BE << IOPRIO_CLASS_SHIFT;
 407
 408         td->ioprio_set = 1;
 409         return 0;
 410 }
 411 #endif
 412
 413 static int str_exitall_cb(void)
 414 {
 415         exitall_on_terminate = 1;
 416         return 0;
 417 }
 418
 419 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
 420 static int str_cpumask_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *val)
 421 {
 422         struct thread_data *td = data;
 423         unsigned int i;
 424         long max_cpu;
 425         int ret;
 426
 427         ret = fio_cpuset_init(&td->o.cpumask);
 428         if (ret < 0) {
 429                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 430                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 431                 return 1;
 432         }
 433
 434         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 435
 436         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(int) * 8; i++) {
 437                 if ((1 << i) & *val) {
 438                         if (i > max_cpu) {
 439                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n", i,
 440                                                                 max_cpu);
 441                                 return 1;
 442                         }
 443                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", i);
 444                         fio_cpu_set(&td->o.cpumask, i);
 445                 }
 446         }
 447
 448         td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 449         return 0;
 450 }
 451
 452 static int set_cpus_allowed(struct thread_data *td, os_cpu_mask_t *mask,
 453                             const char *input)
 454 {
 455         char *cpu, *str, *p;
 456         long max_cpu;
 457         int ret = 0;
 458
 459         ret = fio_cpuset_init(mask);
 460         if (ret < 0) {
 461                 log_err("fio: cpuset_init failed\n");
 462                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_init");
 463                 return 1;
 464         }
 465
 466         p = str = strdup(input);
 467
 468         strip_blank_front(&str);
 469         strip_blank_end(str);
 470
 471         max_cpu = cpus_online();
 472
 473         while ((cpu = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
 474                 char *str2, *cpu2;
 475                 int icpu, icpu2;
 476
 477                 if (!strlen(cpu))
 478                         break;
 479
 480                 str2 = cpu;
 481                 icpu2 = -1;
 482                 while ((cpu2 = strsep(&str2, "-")) != NULL) {
 483                         if (!strlen(cpu2))
 484                                 break;
 485
 486                         icpu2 = atoi(cpu2);
 487                 }
 488
 489                 icpu = atoi(cpu);
 490                 if (icpu2 == -1)
 491                         icpu2 = icpu;
 492                 while (icpu <= icpu2) {
 493                         if (icpu >= FIO_MAX_CPUS) {
 494                                 log_err("fio: your OS only supports up to"
 495                                         " %d CPUs\n", (int) FIO_MAX_CPUS);
 496                                 ret = 1;
 497                                 break;
 498                         }
 499                         if (icpu > max_cpu) {
 500                                 log_err("fio: CPU %d too large (max=%ld)\n",
 501                                                         icpu, max_cpu);
 502                                 ret = 1;
 503                                 break;
 504                         }
 505
 506                         dprint(FD_PARSE, "set cpu allowed %d\n", icpu);
 507                         fio_cpu_set(mask, icpu);
 508                         icpu++;
 509                 }
 510                 if (ret)
 511                         break;
 512         }
 513
 514         free(p);
 515         if (!ret)
 516                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 517         return ret;
 518 }
 519
 520 static int str_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 521 {
 522         struct thread_data *td = data;
 523         int ret;
 524
 525         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.cpumask, input);
 526         if (!ret)
 527                 td->o.cpumask_set = 1;
 528
 529         return ret;
 530 }
 531
 532 static int str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 533 {
 534         struct thread_data *td = data;
 535         int ret;
 536
 537         ret = set_cpus_allowed(td, &td->o.verify_cpumask, input);
 538         if (!ret)
 539                 td->o.verify_cpumask_set = 1;
 540
 541         return ret;
 542 }
 543 #endif
 544
 545 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
 546 static int str_numa_cpunodes_cb(void *data, char *input)
 547 {
 548         struct thread_data *td = data;
 549
 550         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 551          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 552          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 553          * numa_free_nodemask().
 554          */
 555         td->o.numa_cpunodesmask = numa_parse_nodestring(input);
 556         if (td->o.numa_cpunodesmask == NULL) {
 557                 log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 558                 td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_cpunodes_cb");
 559                 return 1;
 560         }
 561
 562         td->o.numa_cpumask_set = 1;
 563         return 0;
 564 }
 565
 566 static int str_numa_mpol_cb(void *data, char *input)
 567 {
 568         struct thread_data *td = data;
 569         const char * const policy_types[] =
 570                 { "default", "prefer", "bind", "interleave", "local" };
 571         int i;
 572
 573         char *nodelist = strchr(input, ':');
 574         if (nodelist) {
 575                 /* NUL-terminate mode */
 576                 *nodelist++ = '\0';
 577         }
 578
 579         for (i = 0; i <= MPOL_LOCAL; i++) {
 580                 if (!strcmp(input, policy_types[i])) {
 581                         td->o.numa_mem_mode = i;
 582                         break;
 583                 }
 584         }
 585         if (i > MPOL_LOCAL) {
 586                 log_err("fio: memory policy should be: default, prefer, bind, interleave, local\n");
 587                 goto out;
 588         }
 589
 590         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 591         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 592                 /*
 593                  * Insist on a nodelist of one node only
 594                  */
 595                 if (nodelist) {
 596                         char *rest = nodelist;
 597                         while (isdigit(*rest))
 598                                 rest++;
 599                         if (*rest) {
 600                                 log_err("fio: one node only for \'prefer\'\n");
 601                                 goto out;
 602                         }
 603                 } else {
 604                         log_err("fio: one node is needed for \'prefer\'\n");
 605                         goto out;
 606                 }
 607                 break;
 608         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 609                 /*
 610                  * Default to online nodes with memory if no nodelist
 611                  */
 612                 if (!nodelist)
 613                         nodelist = strdup("all");
 614                 break;
 615         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 616         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 617                 /*
 618                  * Don't allow a nodelist
 619                  */
 620                 if (nodelist) {
 621                         log_err("fio: NO nodelist for \'local\'\n");
 622                         goto out;
 623                 }
 624                 break;
 625         case MPOL_BIND:
 626                 /*
 627                  * Insist on a nodelist
 628                  */
 629                 if (!nodelist) {
 630                         log_err("fio: a nodelist is needed for \'bind\'\n");
 631                         goto out;
 632                 }
 633                 break;
 634         }
 635
 636
 637         /* numa_parse_nodestring() parses a character string list
 638          * of nodes into a bit mask. The bit mask is allocated by
 639          * numa_allocate_nodemask(), so it should be freed by
 640          * numa_free_nodemask().
 641          */
 642         switch (td->o.numa_mem_mode) {
 643         case MPOL_PREFERRED:
 644                 td->o.numa_mem_prefer_node = atoi(nodelist);
 645                 break;
 646         case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
 647         case MPOL_BIND:
 648                 td->o.numa_memnodesmask = numa_parse_nodestring(nodelist);
 649                 if (td->o.numa_memnodesmask == NULL) {
 650                         log_err("fio: numa_parse_nodestring failed\n");
 651                         td_verror(td, 1, "str_numa_memnodes_cb");
 652                         return 1;
 653                 }
 654                 break;
 655         case MPOL_LOCAL:
 656         case MPOL_DEFAULT:
 657         default:
 658                 break;
 659         }
 660
 661         td->o.numa_memmask_set = 1;
 662         return 0;
 663
 664 out:
 665         return 1;
 666 }
 667 #endif
 668
 669 static int str_fst_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 670 {
 671         struct thread_data *td = data;
 672         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 673
 674         td->file_service_nr = 1;
 675         if (nr) {
 676                 td->file_service_nr = atoi(nr);
 677                 free(nr);
 678         }
 679
 680         return 0;
 681 }
 682
 683 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
 684 static int str_sfr_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 685 {
 686         struct thread_data *td = data;
 687         char *nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 688
 689         td->sync_file_range_nr = 1;
 690         if (nr) {
 691                 td->sync_file_range_nr = atoi(nr);
 692                 free(nr);
 693         }
 694
 695         return 0;
 696 }
 697 #endif
 698
 699 static int str_random_distribution_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 700 {
 701         struct thread_data *td = data;
 702         double val;
 703         char *nr;
 704
 705         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF)
 706                 val = 1.1;
 707         else if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO)
 708                 val = 0.2;
 709         else
 710                 return 0;
 711
 712         nr = get_opt_postfix(str);
 713         if (nr && !str_to_float(nr, &val)) {
 714                 log_err("fio: random postfix parsing failed\n");
 715                 free(nr);
 716                 return 1;
 717         }
 718
 719         free(nr);
 720
 721         if (td->o.random_distribution == FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF) {
 722                 if (val == 1.00) {
 723                         log_err("fio: zipf theta must different than 1.0\n");
 724                         return 1;
 725                 }
 726                 td->o.zipf_theta.u.f = val;
 727         } else {
 728                 if (val <= 0.00 || val >= 1.00) {
 729                         log_err("fio: pareto input out of range (0 < input < 1.0)\n");
 730                         return 1;
 731                 }
 732                 td->o.pareto_h.u.f = val;
 733         }
 734
 735         return 0;
 736 }
 737
 738 static int check_dir(struct thread_data *td, char *fname)
 739 {
 740 #if 0
 741         char file[PATH_MAX], *dir;
 742         int elen = 0;
 743
 744         if (td->o.directory) {
 745                 strcpy(file, td->o.directory);
 746                 strcat(file, "/");
 747                 elen = strlen(file);
 748         }
 749
 750         sprintf(file + elen, "%s", fname);
 751         dir = dirname(file);
 752
 753         {
 754         struct stat sb;
 755         /*
 756          * We can't do this on FIO_DISKLESSIO engines. The engine isn't loaded
 757          * yet, so we can't do this check right here...
 758          */
 759         if (lstat(dir, &sb) < 0) {
 760                 int ret = errno;
 761
 762                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dir);
 763                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 764                 return 1;
 765         }
 766
 767         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 768                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", dir);
 769                 return 1;
 770         }
 771         }
 772 #endif
 773
 774         return 0;
 775 }
 776
 777 /*
 778  * Return next file in the string. Files are separated with ':'. If the ':'
 779  * is escaped with a '\', then that ':' is part of the filename and does not
 780  * indicate a new file.
 781  */
 782 static char *get_next_file_name(char **ptr)
 783 {
 784         char *str = *ptr;
 785         char *p, *start;
 786
 787         if (!str || !strlen(str))
 788                 return NULL;
 789
 790         start = str;
 791         do {
 792                 /*
 793                  * No colon, we are done
 794                  */
 795                 p = strchr(str, ':');
 796                 if (!p) {
 797                         *ptr = NULL;
 798                         break;
 799                 }
 800
 801                 /*
 802                  * We got a colon, but it's the first character. Skip and
 803                  * continue
 804                  */
 805                 if (p == start) {
 806                         str = ++start;
 807                         continue;
 808                 }
 809
 810                 if (*(p - 1) != '\\') {
 811                         *p = '\0';
 812                         *ptr = p + 1;
 813                         break;
 814                 }
 815
 816                 memmove(p - 1, p, strlen(p) + 1);
 817                 str = p;
 818         } while (1);
 819
 820         return start;
 821 }
 822
 823 static int str_filename_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 824 {
 825         struct thread_data *td = data;
 826         char *fname, *str, *p;
 827
 828         p = str = strdup(input);
 829
 830         strip_blank_front(&str);
 831         strip_blank_end(str);
 832
 833         if (!td->files_index)
 834                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 835
 836         while ((fname = get_next_file_name(&str)) != NULL) {
 837                 if (!strlen(fname))
 838                         break;
 839                 if (check_dir(td, fname)) {
 840                         free(p);
 841                         return 1;
 842                 }
 843                 add_file(td, fname);
 844                 td->o.nr_files++;
 845         }
 846
 847         free(p);
 848         return 0;
 849 }
 850
 851 static int str_directory_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 852 {
 853         struct thread_data *td = data;
 854         struct stat sb;
 855
 856         if (lstat(td->o.directory, &sb) < 0) {
 857                 int ret = errno;
 858
 859                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 860                 td_verror(td, ret, "lstat");
 861                 return 1;
 862         }
 863         if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
 864                 log_err("fio: %s is not a directory\n", td->o.directory);
 865                 return 1;
 866         }
 867
 868         return 0;
 869 }
 870
 871 static int str_opendir_cb(void *data, const char fio_unused *str)
 872 {
 873         struct thread_data *td = data;
 874
 875         if (!td->files_index)
 876                 td->o.nr_files = 0;
 877
 878         return add_dir_files(td, td->o.opendir);
 879 }
 880
 881 static int str_verify_pattern_cb(void *data, const char *input)
 882 {
 883         struct thread_data *td = data;
 884         long off;
 885         int i = 0, j = 0, len, k, base = 10;
 886         char* loc1, * loc2;
 887
 888         loc1 = strstr(input, "0x");
 889         loc2 = strstr(input, "0X");
 890         if (loc1 || loc2)
 891                 base = 16;
 892         off = strtol(input, NULL, base);
 893         if (off != LONG_MAX || errno != ERANGE) {
 894                 while (off) {
 895                         td->o.verify_pattern[i] = off & 0xff;
 896                         off >>= 8;
 897                         i++;
 898                 }
 899         } else {
 900                 len = strlen(input);
 901                 k = len - 1;
 902                 if (base == 16) {
 903                         if (loc1)
 904                                 j = loc1 - input + 2;
 905                         else
 906                                 j = loc2 - input + 2;
 907                 } else
 908                         return 1;
 909                 if (len - j < MAX_PATTERN_SIZE * 2) {
 910                         while (k >= j) {
 911                                 off = converthexchartoint(input[k--]);
 912                                 if (k >= j)
 913                                         off += (converthexchartoint(input[k--])
 914                                                 * 16);
 915                                 td->o.verify_pattern[i++] = (char) off;
 916                         }
 917                 }
 918         }
 919
 920         /*
 921          * Fill the pattern all the way to the end. This greatly reduces
 922          * the number of memcpy's we have to do when verifying the IO.
 923          */
 924         while (i > 1 && i * 2 <= MAX_PATTERN_SIZE) {
 925                 memcpy(&td->o.verify_pattern[i], &td->o.verify_pattern[0], i);
 926                 i *= 2;
 927         }
 928         if (i == 1) {
 929                 /*
 930                  * The code in verify_io_u_pattern assumes a single byte pattern
 931                  * fills the whole verify pattern buffer.
 932                  */
 933                 memset(td->o.verify_pattern, td->o.verify_pattern[0],
 934                        MAX_PATTERN_SIZE);
 935         }
 936
 937         td->o.verify_pattern_bytes = i;
 938
 939         /*
 940          * VERIFY_META could already be set
 941          */
 942         if (td->o.verify == VERIFY_NONE)
 943                 td->o.verify = VERIFY_PATTERN;
 944
 945         return 0;
 946 }
 947
 948 static int str_write_bw_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 949 {
 950         struct thread_data *td = data;
 951
 952         if (str)
 953                 td->o.bw_log_file = strdup(str);
 954
 955         td->o.write_bw_log = 1;
 956         return 0;
 957 }
 958
 959 static int str_write_lat_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 960 {
 961         struct thread_data *td = data;
 962
 963         if (str)
 964                 td->o.lat_log_file = strdup(str);
 965
 966         td->o.write_lat_log = 1;
 967         return 0;
 968 }
 969
 970 static int str_write_iops_log_cb(void *data, const char *str)
 971 {
 972         struct thread_data *td = data;
 973
 974         if (str)
 975                 td->o.iops_log_file = strdup(str);
 976
 977         td->o.write_iops_log = 1;
 978         return 0;
 979 }
 980
 981 static int str_gtod_reduce_cb(void *data, int *il)
 982 {
 983         struct thread_data *td = data;
 984         int val = *il;
 985
 986         td->o.disable_lat = !!val;
 987         td->o.disable_clat = !!val;
 988         td->o.disable_slat = !!val;
 989         td->o.disable_bw = !!val;
 990         td->o.clat_percentiles = !val;
 991         if (val)
 992                 td->tv_cache_mask = 63;
 993
 994         return 0;
 995 }
 996
 997 static int str_gtod_cpu_cb(void *data, long long *il)
 998 {
 999         struct thread_data *td = data;
1000         int val = *il;
1001
1002         td->o.gtod_cpu = val;
1003         td->o.gtod_offload = 1;
1004         return 0;
1005 }
1006
1007 static int str_size_cb(void *data, unsigned long long *__val)
1008 {
1009         struct thread_data *td = data;
1010         unsigned long long v = *__val;
1011
1012         if (parse_is_percent(v)) {
1013                 td->o.size = 0;
1014                 td->o.size_percent = -1ULL - v;
1015         } else
1016                 td->o.size = v;
1017
1018         return 0;
1019 }
1020
1021 static int rw_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
1022 {
1023         struct thread_data *td = data;
1024
1025         if (read_only && td_write(td)) {
1026                 log_err("fio: job <%s> has write bit set, but fio is in"
1027                         " read-only mode\n", td->o.name);
1028                 return 1;
1029         }
1030
1031         return 0;
1032 }
1033
1034 static int gtod_cpu_verify(struct fio_option *o, void *data)
1035 {
1036 #ifndef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
1037         struct thread_data *td = data;
1038
1039         if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
1040                 log_err("fio: platform must support CPU affinity for"
1041                         "gettimeofday() offloading\n");
1042                 return 1;
1043         }
1044 #endif
1045
1046         return 0;
1047 }
1048
1049 /*
1050  * Option grouping
1051  */
1052 static struct opt_group fio_opt_groups[] = {
1053         {
1054                 .name   = "General",
1055                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1056         },
1057         {
1058                 .name   = "I/O",
1059                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1060         },
1061         {
1062                 .name   = "File",
1063                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1064         },
1065         {
1066                 .name   = "Statistics",
1067                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
1068         },
1069         {
1070                 .name   = "Logging",
1071                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
1072         },
1073         {
1074                 .name   = "Profiles",
1075                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
1076         },
1077         {
1078                 .name   = NULL,
1079         },
1080 };
1081
1082 static struct opt_group *__opt_group_from_mask(struct opt_group *ogs, unsigned int *mask,
1083                                                unsigned int inv_mask)
1084 {
1085         struct opt_group *og;
1086         int i;
1087
1088         if (*mask == inv_mask || !*mask)
1089                 return NULL;
1090
1091         for (i = 0; ogs[i].name; i++) {
1092                 og = &ogs[i];
1093
1094                 if (*mask & og->mask) {
1095                         *mask &= ~(og->mask);
1096                         return og;
1097                 }
1098         }
1099
1100         return NULL;
1101 }
1102
1103 struct opt_group *opt_group_from_mask(unsigned int *mask)
1104 {
1105         return __opt_group_from_mask(fio_opt_groups, mask, FIO_OPT_C_INVALID);
1106 }
1107
1108 static struct opt_group fio_opt_cat_groups[] = {
1109         {
1110                 .name   = "Rate",
1111                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
1112         },
1113         {
1114                 .name   = "Zone",
1115                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
1116         },
1117         {
1118                 .name   = "Read/write mix",
1119                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
1120         },
1121         {
1122                 .name   = "Verify",
1123                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
1124         },
1125         {
1126                 .name   = "Trim",
1127                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
1128         },
1129         {
1130                 .name   = "I/O Logging",
1131                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
1132         },
1133         {
1134                 .name   = "I/O Depth",
1135                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_DEPTH,
1136         },
1137         {
1138                 .name   = "I/O Flow",
1139                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
1140         },
1141         {
1142                 .name   = "Description",
1143                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1144         },
1145         {
1146                 .name   = "Filename",
1147                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1148         },
1149         {
1150                 .name   = "General I/O",
1151                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1152         },
1153         {
1154                 .name   = "Cgroups",
1155                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
1156         },
1157         {
1158                 .name   = "Runtime",
1159                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1160         },
1161         {
1162                 .name   = "Process",
1163                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
1164         },
1165         {
1166                 .name   = "Job credentials / priority",
1167                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
1168         },
1169         {
1170                 .name   = "Clock settings",
1171                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
1172         },
1173         {
1174                 .name   = "I/O Type",
1175                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1176         },
1177         {
1178                 .name   = "I/O Thinktime",
1179                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
1180         },
1181         {
1182                 .name   = "Randomizations",
1183                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1184         },
1185         {
1186                 .name   = "I/O buffers",
1187                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
1188         },
1189         {
1190                 .name   = "Tiobench profile",
1191                 .mask   = FIO_OPT_G_TIOBENCH,
1192         },
1193
1194         {
1195                 .name   = NULL,
1196         }
1197 };
1198
1199 struct opt_group *opt_group_cat_from_mask(unsigned int *mask)
1200 {
1201         return __opt_group_from_mask(fio_opt_cat_groups, mask, FIO_OPT_G_INVALID);
1202 }
1203
1204 /*
1205  * Map of job/command line options
1206  */
1207 static struct fio_option fio_options[FIO_MAX_OPTS] = {
1208         {
1209                 .name   = "description",
1210                 .lname  = "Description of job",
1211                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1212                 .off1   = td_var_offset(description),
1213                 .help   = "Text job description",
1214                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1215                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1216         },
1217         {
1218                 .name   = "name",
1219                 .lname  = "Job name",
1220                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1221                 .off1   = td_var_offset(name),
1222                 .help   = "Name of this job",
1223                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1224                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_DESC,
1225         },
1226         {
1227                 .name   = "filename",
1228                 .lname  = "Filename(s)",
1229                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1230                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename),
1231                 .cb     = str_filename_cb,
1232                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1233                 .help   = "File(s) to use for the workload",
1234                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1235                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1236         },
1237         {
1238                 .name   = "directory",
1239                 .lname  = "Directory",
1240                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1241                 .off1   = td_var_offset(directory),
1242                 .cb     = str_directory_cb,
1243                 .help   = "Directory to store files in",
1244                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1245                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1246         },
1247         {
1248                 .name   = "filename_format",
1249                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1250                 .off1   = td_var_offset(filename_format),
1251                 .prio   = -1, /* must come after "directory" */
1252                 .help   = "Override default $jobname.$jobnum.$filenum naming",
1253                 .def    = "$jobname.$jobnum.$filenum",
1254                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1255                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1256         },
1257         {
1258                 .name   = "lockfile",
1259                 .lname  = "Lockfile",
1260                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1261                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_lock_mode),
1262                 .help   = "Lock file when doing IO to it",
1263                 .parent = "filename",
1264                 .hide   = 0,
1265                 .def    = "none",
1266                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1267                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1268                 .posval = {
1269                           { .ival = "none",
1270                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_NONE,
1271                             .help = "No file locking",
1272                           },
1273                           { .ival = "exclusive",
1274                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE,
1275                             .help = "Exclusive file lock",
1276                           },
1277                           {
1278                             .ival = "readwrite",
1279                             .oval = FILE_LOCK_READWRITE,
1280                             .help = "Read vs write lock",
1281                           },
1282                 },
1283         },
1284         {
1285                 .name   = "opendir",
1286                 .lname  = "Open directory",
1287                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1288                 .off1   = td_var_offset(opendir),
1289                 .cb     = str_opendir_cb,
1290                 .help   = "Recursively add files from this directory and down",
1291                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1292                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_FILENAME,
1293         },
1294         {
1295                 .name   = "rw",
1296                 .lname  = "Read/write",
1297                 .alias  = "readwrite",
1298                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1299                 .cb     = str_rw_cb,
1300                 .off1   = td_var_offset(td_ddir),
1301                 .help   = "IO direction",
1302                 .def    = "read",
1303                 .verify = rw_verify,
1304                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1305                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1306                 .posval = {
1307                           { .ival = "read",
1308                             .oval = TD_DDIR_READ,
1309                             .help = "Sequential read",
1310                           },
1311                           { .ival = "write",
1312                             .oval = TD_DDIR_WRITE,
1313                             .help = "Sequential write",
1314                           },
1315                           { .ival = "trim",
1316                             .oval = TD_DDIR_TRIM,
1317                             .help = "Sequential trim",
1318                           },
1319                           { .ival = "randread",
1320                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDREAD,
1321                             .help = "Random read",
1322                           },
1323                           { .ival = "randwrite",
1324                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDWRITE,
1325                             .help = "Random write",
1326                           },
1327                           { .ival = "randtrim",
1328                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDTRIM,
1329                             .help = "Random trim",
1330                           },
1331                           { .ival = "rw",
1332                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1333                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1334                           },
1335                           { .ival = "readwrite",
1336                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RW,
1337                             .help = "Sequential read and write mix",
1338                           },
1339                           { .ival = "randrw",
1340                             .oval = TD_DDIR_RANDRW,
1341                             .help = "Random read and write mix"
1342                           },
1343                 },
1344         },
1345         {
1346                 .name   = "rw_sequencer",
1347                 .lname  = "RW Sequencer",
1348                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1349                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rw_seq),
1350                 .help   = "IO offset generator modifier",
1351                 .def    = "sequential",
1352                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1353                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1354                 .posval = {
1355                           { .ival = "sequential",
1356                             .oval = RW_SEQ_SEQ,
1357                             .help = "Generate sequential offsets",
1358                           },
1359                           { .ival = "identical",
1360                             .oval = RW_SEQ_IDENT,
1361                             .help = "Generate identical offsets",
1362                           },
1363                 },
1364         },
1365
1366         {
1367                 .name   = "ioengine",
1368                 .lname  = "IO Engine",
1369                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
1370                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioengine),
1371                 .help   = "IO engine to use",
1372                 .def    = FIO_PREFERRED_ENGINE,
1373                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1374                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1375                 .posval = {
1376                           { .ival = "sync",
1377                             .help = "Use read/write",
1378                           },
1379                           { .ival = "psync",
1380                             .help = "Use pread/pwrite",
1381                           },
1382                           { .ival = "vsync",
1383                             .help = "Use readv/writev",
1384                           },
1385 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBAIO
1386                           { .ival = "libaio",
1387                             .help = "Linux native asynchronous IO",
1388                           },
1389 #endif
1390 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIXAIO
1391                           { .ival = "posixaio",
1392                             .help = "POSIX asynchronous IO",
1393                           },
1394 #endif
1395 #ifdef CONFIG_SOLARISAIO
1396                           { .ival = "solarisaio",
1397                             .help = "Solaris native asynchronous IO",
1398                           },
1399 #endif
1400 #ifdef CONFIG_WINDOWSAIO
1401                           { .ival = "windowsaio",
1402                             .help = "Windows native asynchronous IO"
1403                           },
1404 #endif
1405                           { .ival = "mmap",
1406                             .help = "Memory mapped IO"
1407                           },
1408 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_SPLICE
1409                           { .ival = "splice",
1410                             .help = "splice/vmsplice based IO",
1411                           },
1412                           { .ival = "netsplice",
1413                             .help = "splice/vmsplice to/from the network",
1414                           },
1415 #endif
1416 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_SGIO
1417                           { .ival = "sg",
1418                             .help = "SCSI generic v3 IO",
1419                           },
1420 #endif
1421                           { .ival = "null",
1422                             .help = "Testing engine (no data transfer)",
1423                           },
1424                           { .ival = "net",
1425                             .help = "Network IO",
1426                           },
1427                           { .ival = "cpuio",
1428                             .help = "CPU cycle burner engine",
1429                           },
1430 #ifdef CONFIG_GUASI
1431                           { .ival = "guasi",
1432                             .help = "GUASI IO engine",
1433                           },
1434 #endif
1435 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_BINJECT
1436                           { .ival = "binject",
1437                             .help = "binject direct inject block engine",
1438                           },
1439 #endif
1440 #ifdef CONFIG_RDMA
1441                           { .ival = "rdma",
1442                             .help = "RDMA IO engine",
1443                           },
1444 #endif
1445 #ifdef CONFIG_FUSION_AW
1446                           { .ival = "fusion-aw-sync",
1447                             .help = "Fusion-io atomic write engine",
1448                           },
1449 #endif
1450 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_EXT4_MOVE_EXTENT
1451                           { .ival = "e4defrag",
1452                             .help = "ext4 defrag engine",
1453                           },
1454 #endif
1455 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1456                           { .ival = "falloc",
1457                             .help = "fallocate() file based engine",
1458                           },
1459 #endif
1460                           { .ival = "external",
1461                             .help = "Load external engine (append name)",
1462                           },
1463                 },
1464         },
1465         {
1466                 .name   = "iodepth",
1467                 .lname  = "IO Depth",
1468                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1469                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth),
1470                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to keep in flight",
1471                 .minval = 1,
1472                 .interval = 1,
1473                 .def    = "1",
1474                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1475                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1476         },
1477         {
1478                 .name   = "iodepth_batch",
1479                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch",
1480                 .alias  = "iodepth_batch_submit",
1481                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1482                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch),
1483                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to submit in one go",
1484                 .parent = "iodepth",
1485                 .hide   = 1,
1486                 .minval = 1,
1487                 .interval = 1,
1488                 .def    = "1",
1489                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1490                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1491         },
1492         {
1493                 .name   = "iodepth_batch_complete",
1494                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch complete",
1495                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1496                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_batch_complete),
1497                 .help   = "Number of IO buffers to retrieve in one go",
1498                 .parent = "iodepth",
1499                 .hide   = 1,
1500                 .minval = 0,
1501                 .interval = 1,
1502                 .def    = "1",
1503                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1504                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1505         },
1506         {
1507                 .name   = "iodepth_low",
1508                 .lname  = "IO Depth batch low",
1509                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1510                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iodepth_low),
1511                 .help   = "Low water mark for queuing depth",
1512                 .parent = "iodepth",
1513                 .hide   = 1,
1514                 .interval = 1,
1515                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1516                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BASIC,
1517         },
1518         {
1519                 .name   = "size",
1520                 .lname  = "Size",
1521                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1522                 .cb     = str_size_cb,
1523                 .help   = "Total size of device or files",
1524                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1525                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1526                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1527         },
1528         {
1529                 .name   = "fill_device",
1530                 .lname  = "Fill device",
1531                 .alias  = "fill_fs",
1532                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1533                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fill_device),
1534                 .help   = "Write until an ENOSPC error occurs",
1535                 .def    = "0",
1536                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1537                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1538         },
1539         {
1540                 .name   = "filesize",
1541                 .lname  = "File size",
1542                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1543                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_size_low),
1544                 .off2   = td_var_offset(file_size_high),
1545                 .minval = 1,
1546                 .help   = "Size of individual files",
1547                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1548                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1549                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1550         },
1551         {
1552                 .name   = "offset",
1553                 .lname  = "IO offset",
1554                 .alias  = "fileoffset",
1555                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1556                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_offset),
1557                 .help   = "Start IO from this offset",
1558                 .def    = "0",
1559                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1560                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1561                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1562         },
1563         {
1564                 .name   = "offset_increment",
1565                 .lname  = "IO offset increment",
1566                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
1567                 .off1   = td_var_offset(offset_increment),
1568                 .help   = "What is the increment from one offset to the next",
1569                 .parent = "offset",
1570                 .hide   = 1,
1571                 .def    = "0",
1572                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
1573                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1574                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1575         },
1576         {
1577                 .name   = "bs",
1578                 .lname  = "Block size",
1579                 .alias  = "blocksize",
1580                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1581                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_READ]),
1582                 .off2   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1583                 .off3   = td_var_offset(bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1584                 .minval = 1,
1585                 .help   = "Block size unit",
1586                 .def    = "4k",
1587                 .parent = "rw",
1588                 .hide   = 1,
1589                 .interval = 512,
1590                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1591                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1592         },
1593         {
1594                 .name   = "ba",
1595                 .lname  = "Block size align",
1596                 .alias  = "blockalign",
1597                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1598                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_READ]),
1599                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_WRITE]),
1600                 .off3   = td_var_offset(ba[DDIR_TRIM]),
1601                 .minval = 1,
1602                 .help   = "IO block offset alignment",
1603                 .parent = "rw",
1604                 .hide   = 1,
1605                 .interval = 512,
1606                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1607                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1608         },
1609         {
1610                 .name   = "bsrange",
1611                 .lname  = "Block size range",
1612                 .alias  = "blocksize_range",
1613                 .type   = FIO_OPT_RANGE,
1614                 .off1   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1615                 .off2   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_READ]),
1616                 .off3   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1617                 .off4   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]),
1618                 .off5   = td_var_offset(min_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1619                 .off6   = td_var_offset(max_bs[DDIR_TRIM]),
1620                 .minval = 1,
1621                 .help   = "Set block size range (in more detail than bs)",
1622                 .parent = "rw",
1623                 .hide   = 1,
1624                 .interval = 4096,
1625                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1626                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1627         },
1628         {
1629                 .name   = "bssplit",
1630                 .lname  = "Block size split",
1631                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1632                 .cb     = str_bssplit_cb,
1633                 .help   = "Set a specific mix of block sizes",
1634                 .parent = "rw",
1635                 .hide   = 1,
1636                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1637                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1638         },
1639         {
1640                 .name   = "bs_unaligned",
1641                 .lname  = "Block size unaligned",
1642                 .alias  = "blocksize_unaligned",
1643                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1644                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bs_unaligned),
1645                 .help   = "Don't sector align IO buffer sizes",
1646                 .parent = "rw",
1647                 .hide   = 1,
1648                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1649                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1650         },
1651         {
1652                 .name   = "randrepeat",
1653                 .lname  = "Random repeatable",
1654                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1655                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rand_repeatable),
1656                 .help   = "Use repeatable random IO pattern",
1657                 .def    = "1",
1658                 .parent = "rw",
1659                 .hide   = 1,
1660                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1661                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1662         },
1663         {
1664                 .name   = "use_os_rand",
1665                 .lname  = "Use OS random",
1666                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1667                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_os_rand),
1668                 .help   = "Set to use OS random generator",
1669                 .def    = "0",
1670                 .parent = "rw",
1671                 .hide   = 1,
1672                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1673                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1674         },
1675         {
1676                 .name   = "norandommap",
1677                 .lname  = "No randommap",
1678                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1679                 .off1   = td_var_offset(norandommap),
1680                 .help   = "Accept potential duplicate random blocks",
1681                 .parent = "rw",
1682                 .hide   = 1,
1683                 .hide_on_set = 1,
1684                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1685                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1686         },
1687         {
1688                 .name   = "softrandommap",
1689                 .lname  = "Soft randommap",
1690                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1691                 .off1   = td_var_offset(softrandommap),
1692                 .help   = "Set norandommap if randommap allocation fails",
1693                 .parent = "norandommap",
1694                 .hide   = 1,
1695                 .def    = "0",
1696                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1697                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1698         },
1699         {
1700                 .name   = "random_generator",
1701                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1702                 .off1   = td_var_offset(random_generator),
1703                 .help   = "Type of random number generator to use",
1704                 .def    = "tausworthe",
1705                 .posval = {
1706                           { .ival = "tausworthe",
1707                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_TAUSWORTHE,
1708                             .help = "Strong Tausworthe generator",
1709                           },
1710                           { .ival = "lfsr",
1711                             .oval = FIO_RAND_GEN_LFSR,
1712                             .help = "Variable length LFSR",
1713                           },
1714                 },
1715                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1716                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1717         },
1718         {
1719                 .name   = "random_distribution",
1720                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1721                 .off1   = td_var_offset(random_distribution),
1722                 .cb     = str_random_distribution_cb,
1723                 .help   = "Random offset distribution generator",
1724                 .def    = "random",
1725                 .posval = {
1726                           { .ival = "random",
1727                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_RANDOM,
1728                             .help = "Completely random",
1729                           },
1730                           { .ival = "zipf",
1731                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_ZIPF,
1732                             .help = "Zipf distribution",
1733                           },
1734                           { .ival = "pareto",
1735                             .oval = FIO_RAND_DIST_PARETO,
1736                             .help = "Pareto distribution",
1737                           },
1738                 },
1739                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1740                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RANDOM,
1741         },
1742         {
1743                 .name   = "nrfiles",
1744                 .lname  = "Number of files",
1745                 .alias  = "nr_files",
1746                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1747                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nr_files),
1748                 .help   = "Split job workload between this number of files",
1749                 .def    = "1",
1750                 .interval = 1,
1751                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1752                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1753         },
1754         {
1755                 .name   = "openfiles",
1756                 .lname  = "Number of open files",
1757                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1758                 .off1   = td_var_offset(open_files),
1759                 .help   = "Number of files to keep open at the same time",
1760                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1761                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1762         },
1763         {
1764                 .name   = "file_service_type",
1765                 .lname  = "File service type",
1766                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1767                 .cb     = str_fst_cb,
1768                 .off1   = td_var_offset(file_service_type),
1769                 .help   = "How to select which file to service next",
1770                 .def    = "roundrobin",
1771                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1772                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1773                 .posval = {
1774                           { .ival = "random",
1775                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM,
1776                             .help = "Choose a file at random",
1777                           },
1778                           { .ival = "roundrobin",
1779                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_RR,
1780                             .help = "Round robin select files",
1781                           },
1782                           { .ival = "sequential",
1783                             .oval = FIO_FSERVICE_SEQ,
1784                             .help = "Finish one file before moving to the next",
1785                           },
1786                 },
1787                 .parent = "nrfiles",
1788                 .hide   = 1,
1789         },
1790 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE
1791         {
1792                 .name   = "fallocate",
1793                 .lname  = "Fallocate",
1794                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1795                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fallocate_mode),
1796                 .help   = "Whether pre-allocation is performed when laying out files",
1797                 .def    = "posix",
1798                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1799                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1800                 .posval = {
1801                           { .ival = "none",
1802                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
1803                             .help = "Do not pre-allocate space",
1804                           },
1805                           { .ival = "posix",
1806                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
1807                             .help = "Use posix_fallocate()",
1808                           },
1809 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_FALLOCATE
1810                           { .ival = "keep",
1811                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_KEEP_SIZE,
1812                             .help = "Use fallocate(..., FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE, ...)",
1813                           },
1814 #endif
1815                           /* Compatibility with former boolean values */
1816                           { .ival = "0",
1817                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_NONE,
1818                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
1819                           },
1820                           { .ival = "1",
1821                             .oval = FIO_FALLOCATE_POSIX,
1822                             .help = "Alias for 'posix'",
1823                           },
1824                 },
1825         },
1826 #endif  /* CONFIG_POSIX_FALLOCATE */
1827         {
1828                 .name   = "fadvise_hint",
1829                 .lname  = "Fadvise hint",
1830                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1831                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fadvise_hint),
1832                 .help   = "Use fadvise() to advise the kernel on IO pattern",
1833                 .def    = "1",
1834                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1835                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1836         },
1837         {
1838                 .name   = "fsync",
1839                 .lname  = "Fsync",
1840                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1841                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_blocks),
1842                 .help   = "Issue fsync for writes every given number of blocks",
1843                 .def    = "0",
1844                 .interval = 1,
1845                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1846                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1847         },
1848         {
1849                 .name   = "fdatasync",
1850                 .lname  = "Fdatasync",
1851                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1852                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fdatasync_blocks),
1853                 .help   = "Issue fdatasync for writes every given number of blocks",
1854                 .def    = "0",
1855                 .interval = 1,
1856                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1857                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1858         },
1859         {
1860                 .name   = "write_barrier",
1861                 .lname  = "Write barrier",
1862                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1863                 .off1   = td_var_offset(barrier_blocks),
1864                 .help   = "Make every Nth write a barrier write",
1865                 .def    = "0",
1866                 .interval = 1,
1867                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1868                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1869         },
1870 #ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
1871         {
1872                 .name   = "sync_file_range",
1873                 .lname  = "Sync file range",
1874                 .posval = {
1875                           { .ival = "wait_before",
1876                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE,
1877                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE",
1878                             .or   = 1,
1879                           },
1880                           { .ival = "write",
1881                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE,
1882                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE",
1883                             .or   = 1,
1884                           },
1885                           {
1886                             .ival = "wait_after",
1887                             .oval = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER,
1888                             .help = "SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER",
1889                             .or   = 1,
1890                           },
1891                 },
1892                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_MULTI,
1893                 .cb     = str_sfr_cb,
1894                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_file_range),
1895                 .help   = "Use sync_file_range()",
1896                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1897                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1898         },
1899 #endif
1900         {
1901                 .name   = "direct",
1902                 .lname  = "Direct I/O",
1903                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1904                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1905                 .help   = "Use O_DIRECT IO (negates buffered)",
1906                 .def    = "0",
1907                 .inverse = "buffered",
1908                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1909                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1910         },
1911         {
1912                 .name   = "buffered",
1913                 .lname  = "Buffered I/O",
1914                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1915                 .off1   = td_var_offset(odirect),
1916                 .neg    = 1,
1917                 .help   = "Use buffered IO (negates direct)",
1918                 .def    = "1",
1919                 .inverse = "direct",
1920                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
1921                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
1922         },
1923         {
1924                 .name   = "overwrite",
1925                 .lname  = "Overwrite",
1926                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
1927                 .off1   = td_var_offset(overwrite),
1928                 .help   = "When writing, set whether to overwrite current data",
1929                 .def    = "0",
1930                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
1931                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
1932         },
1933         {
1934                 .name   = "loops",
1935                 .lname  = "Loops",
1936                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1937                 .off1   = td_var_offset(loops),
1938                 .help   = "Number of times to run the job",
1939                 .def    = "1",
1940                 .interval = 1,
1941                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1942                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1943         },
1944         {
1945                 .name   = "numjobs",
1946                 .lname  = "Number of jobs",
1947                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
1948                 .off1   = td_var_offset(numjobs),
1949                 .help   = "Duplicate this job this many times",
1950                 .def    = "1",
1951                 .interval = 1,
1952                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1953                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1954         },
1955         {
1956                 .name   = "startdelay",
1957                 .lname  = "Start delay",
1958                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1959                 .off1   = td_var_offset(start_delay),
1960                 .help   = "Only start job when this period has passed",
1961                 .def    = "0",
1962                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1963                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1964         },
1965         {
1966                 .name   = "runtime",
1967                 .lname  = "Runtime",
1968                 .alias  = "timeout",
1969                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1970                 .off1   = td_var_offset(timeout),
1971                 .help   = "Stop workload when this amount of time has passed",
1972                 .def    = "0",
1973                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1974                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1975         },
1976         {
1977                 .name   = "time_based",
1978                 .lname  = "Time based",
1979                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
1980                 .off1   = td_var_offset(time_based),
1981                 .help   = "Keep running until runtime/timeout is met",
1982                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1983                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1984         },
1985         {
1986                 .name   = "ramp_time",
1987                 .lname  = "Ramp time",
1988                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL_TIME,
1989                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ramp_time),
1990                 .help   = "Ramp up time before measuring performance",
1991                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
1992                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RUNTIME,
1993         },
1994         {
1995                 .name   = "clocksource",
1996                 .lname  = "Clock source",
1997                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
1998                 .cb     = fio_clock_source_cb,
1999                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clocksource),
2000                 .help   = "What type of timing source to use",
2001                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2002                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
2003                 .posval = {
2004 #ifdef CONFIG_GETTIMEOFDAY
2005                           { .ival = "gettimeofday",
2006                             .oval = CS_GTOD,
2007                             .help = "Use gettimeofday(2) for timing",
2008                           },
2009 #endif
2010 #ifdef CONFIG_CLOCK_GETTIME
2011                           { .ival = "clock_gettime",
2012                             .oval = CS_CGETTIME,
2013                             .help = "Use clock_gettime(2) for timing",
2014                           },
2015 #endif
2016 #ifdef ARCH_HAVE_CPU_CLOCK
2017                           { .ival = "cpu",
2018                             .oval = CS_CPUCLOCK,
2019                             .help = "Use CPU private clock",
2020                           },
2021 #endif
2022                 },
2023         },
2024         {
2025                 .name   = "mem",
2026                 .alias  = "iomem",
2027                 .lname  = "I/O Memory",
2028                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2029                 .cb     = str_mem_cb,
2030                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_type),
2031                 .help   = "Backing type for IO buffers",
2032                 .def    = "malloc",
2033                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2034                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2035                 .posval = {
2036                           { .ival = "malloc",
2037                             .oval = MEM_MALLOC,
2038                             .help = "Use malloc(3) for IO buffers",
2039                           },
2040                           { .ival = "shm",
2041                             .oval = MEM_SHM,
2042                             .help = "Use shared memory segments for IO buffers",
2043                           },
2044 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2045                           { .ival = "shmhuge",
2046                             .oval = MEM_SHMHUGE,
2047                             .help = "Like shm, but use huge pages",
2048                           },
2049 #endif
2050                           { .ival = "mmap",
2051                             .oval = MEM_MMAP,
2052                             .help = "Use mmap(2) (file or anon) for IO buffers",
2053                           },
2054 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_HUGETLB
2055                           { .ival = "mmaphuge",
2056                             .oval = MEM_MMAPHUGE,
2057                             .help = "Like mmap, but use huge pages",
2058                           },
2059 #endif
2060                   },
2061         },
2062         {
2063                 .name   = "iomem_align",
2064                 .alias  = "mem_align",
2065                 .lname  = "I/O memory alignment",
2066                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2067                 .off1   = td_var_offset(mem_align),
2068                 .minval = 0,
2069                 .help   = "IO memory buffer offset alignment",
2070                 .def    = "0",
2071                 .parent = "iomem",
2072                 .hide   = 1,
2073                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2074                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2075         },
2076         {
2077                 .name   = "verify",
2078                 .lname  = "Verify",
2079                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2080                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify),
2081                 .help   = "Verify data written",
2082                 .def    = "0",
2083                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2084                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2085                 .posval = {
2086                           { .ival = "0",
2087                             .oval = VERIFY_NONE,
2088                             .help = "Don't do IO verification",
2089                           },
2090                           { .ival = "md5",
2091                             .oval = VERIFY_MD5,
2092                             .help = "Use md5 checksums for verification",
2093                           },
2094                           { .ival = "crc64",
2095                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC64,
2096                             .help = "Use crc64 checksums for verification",
2097                           },
2098                           { .ival = "crc32",
2099                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32,
2100                             .help = "Use crc32 checksums for verification",
2101                           },
2102                           { .ival = "crc32c-intel",
2103                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2104                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2105                           },
2106                           { .ival = "crc32c",
2107                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC32C,
2108                             .help = "Use crc32c checksums for verification (hw assisted, if available)",
2109                           },
2110                           { .ival = "crc16",
2111                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC16,
2112                             .help = "Use crc16 checksums for verification",
2113                           },
2114                           { .ival = "crc7",
2115                             .oval = VERIFY_CRC7,
2116                             .help = "Use crc7 checksums for verification",
2117                           },
2118                           { .ival = "sha1",
2119                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA1,
2120                             .help = "Use sha1 checksums for verification",
2121                           },
2122                           { .ival = "sha256",
2123                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA256,
2124                             .help = "Use sha256 checksums for verification",
2125                           },
2126                           { .ival = "sha512",
2127                             .oval = VERIFY_SHA512,
2128                             .help = "Use sha512 checksums for verification",
2129                           },
2130                           { .ival = "meta",
2131                             .oval = VERIFY_META,
2132                             .help = "Use io information",
2133                           },
2134                           {
2135                             .ival = "null",
2136                             .oval = VERIFY_NULL,
2137                             .help = "Pretend to verify",
2138                           },
2139                 },
2140         },
2141         {
2142                 .name   = "do_verify",
2143                 .lname  = "Perform verify step",
2144                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2145                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_verify),
2146                 .help   = "Run verification stage after write",
2147                 .def    = "1",
2148                 .parent = "verify",
2149                 .hide   = 1,
2150                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2151                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2152         },
2153         {
2154                 .name   = "verifysort",
2155                 .lname  = "Verify sort",
2156                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2157                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort),
2158                 .help   = "Sort written verify blocks for read back",
2159                 .def    = "1",
2160                 .parent = "verify",
2161                 .hide   = 1,
2162                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2163                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2164         },
2165         {
2166                 .name   = "verifysort_nr",
2167                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2168                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verifysort_nr),
2169                 .help   = "Pre-load and sort verify blocks for a read workload",
2170                 .minval = 0,
2171                 .maxval = 131072,
2172                 .def    = "1024",
2173                 .parent = "verify",
2174                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2175                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2176         },
2177         {
2178                 .name   = "verify_interval",
2179                 .lname  = "Verify interval",
2180                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2181                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_interval),
2182                 .minval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2183                 .help   = "Store verify buffer header every N bytes",
2184                 .parent = "verify",
2185                 .hide   = 1,
2186                 .interval = 2 * sizeof(struct verify_header),
2187                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2188                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2189         },
2190         {
2191                 .name   = "verify_offset",
2192                 .lname  = "Verify offset",
2193                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2194                 .help   = "Offset verify header location by N bytes",
2195                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_offset),
2196                 .minval = sizeof(struct verify_header),
2197                 .parent = "verify",
2198                 .hide   = 1,
2199                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2200                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2201         },
2202         {
2203                 .name   = "verify_pattern",
2204                 .lname  = "Verify pattern",
2205                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2206                 .cb     = str_verify_pattern_cb,
2207                 .help   = "Fill pattern for IO buffers",
2208                 .parent = "verify",
2209                 .hide   = 1,
2210                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2211                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2212         },
2213         {
2214                 .name   = "verify_fatal",
2215                 .lname  = "Verify fatal",
2216                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2217                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_fatal),
2218                 .def    = "0",
2219                 .help   = "Exit on a single verify failure, don't continue",
2220                 .parent = "verify",
2221                 .hide   = 1,
2222                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2223                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2224         },
2225         {
2226                 .name   = "verify_dump",
2227                 .lname  = "Verify dump",
2228                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2229                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_dump),
2230                 .def    = "0",
2231                 .help   = "Dump contents of good and bad blocks on failure",
2232                 .parent = "verify",
2233                 .hide   = 1,
2234                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2235                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2236         },
2237         {
2238                 .name   = "verify_async",
2239                 .lname  = "Verify asynchronously",
2240                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2241                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_async),
2242                 .def    = "0",
2243                 .help   = "Number of async verifier threads to use",
2244                 .parent = "verify",
2245                 .hide   = 1,
2246                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2247                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2248         },
2249         {
2250                 .name   = "verify_backlog",
2251                 .lname  = "Verify backlog",
2252                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2253                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_backlog),
2254                 .help   = "Verify after this number of blocks are written",
2255                 .parent = "verify",
2256                 .hide   = 1,
2257                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2258                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2259         },
2260         {
2261                 .name   = "verify_backlog_batch",
2262                 .lname  = "Verify backlog batch",
2263                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2264                 .off1   = td_var_offset(verify_batch),
2265                 .help   = "Verify this number of IO blocks",
2266                 .parent = "verify",
2267                 .hide   = 1,
2268                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2269                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2270         },
2271 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
2272         {
2273                 .name   = "verify_async_cpus",
2274                 .lname  = "Async verify CPUs",
2275                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2276                 .cb     = str_verify_cpus_allowed_cb,
2277                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed for async verify threads",
2278                 .parent = "verify_async",
2279                 .hide   = 1,
2280                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2281                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2282         },
2283 #endif
2284         {
2285                 .name   = "experimental_verify",
2286                 .off1   = td_var_offset(experimental_verify),
2287                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2288                 .help   = "Enable experimental verification",
2289                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2290                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_VERIFY,
2291         },
2292 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_TRIM
2293         {
2294                 .name   = "trim_percentage",
2295                 .lname  = "Trim percentage",
2296                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2297                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_percentage),
2298                 .minval = 0,
2299                 .maxval = 100,
2300                 .help   = "Number of verify blocks to discard/trim",
2301                 .parent = "verify",
2302                 .def    = "0",
2303                 .interval = 1,
2304                 .hide   = 1,
2305                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2306                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2307         },
2308         {
2309                 .name   = "trim_verify_zero",
2310                 .lname  = "Verify trim zero",
2311                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2312                 .help   = "Verify that trim/discarded blocks are returned as zeroes",
2313                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_zero),
2314                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2315                 .hide   = 1,
2316                 .def    = "1",
2317                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2318                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2319         },
2320         {
2321                 .name   = "trim_backlog",
2322                 .lname  = "Trim backlog",
2323                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2324                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_backlog),
2325                 .help   = "Trim after this number of blocks are written",
2326                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2327                 .hide   = 1,
2328                 .interval = 1,
2329                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2330                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2331         },
2332         {
2333                 .name   = "trim_backlog_batch",
2334                 .lname  = "Trim backlog batch",
2335                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2336                 .off1   = td_var_offset(trim_batch),
2337                 .help   = "Trim this number of IO blocks",
2338                 .parent = "trim_percentage",
2339                 .hide   = 1,
2340                 .interval = 1,
2341                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2342                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_TRIM,
2343         },
2344 #endif
2345         {
2346                 .name   = "write_iolog",
2347                 .lname  = "Write I/O log",
2348                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2349                 .off1   = td_var_offset(write_iolog_file),
2350                 .help   = "Store IO pattern to file",
2351                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2352                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2353         },
2354         {
2355                 .name   = "read_iolog",
2356                 .lname  = "Read I/O log",
2357                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2358                 .off1   = td_var_offset(read_iolog_file),
2359                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern from file",
2360                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2361                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2362         },
2363         {
2364                 .name   = "replay_no_stall",
2365                 .lname  = "Don't stall on replay",
2366                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2367                 .off1   = td_var_offset(no_stall),
2368                 .def    = "0",
2369                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2370                 .hide   = 1,
2371                 .help   = "Playback IO pattern file as fast as possible without stalls",
2372                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2373                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2374         },
2375         {
2376                 .name   = "replay_redirect",
2377                 .lname  = "Redirect device for replay",
2378                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2379                 .off1   = td_var_offset(replay_redirect),
2380                 .parent = "read_iolog",
2381                 .hide   = 1,
2382                 .help   = "Replay all I/O onto this device, regardless of trace device",
2383                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2384                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IOLOG,
2385         },
2386         {
2387                 .name   = "exec_prerun",
2388                 .lname  = "Pre-execute runnable",
2389                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2390                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_prerun),
2391                 .help   = "Execute this file prior to running job",
2392                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2393                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2394         },
2395         {
2396                 .name   = "exec_postrun",
2397                 .lname  = "Post-execute runnable",
2398                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2399                 .off1   = td_var_offset(exec_postrun),
2400                 .help   = "Execute this file after running job",
2401                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2402                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2403         },
2404 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOSCHED_SWITCH
2405         {
2406                 .name   = "ioscheduler",
2407                 .lname  = "I/O scheduler",
2408                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
2409                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ioscheduler),
2410                 .help   = "Use this IO scheduler on the backing device",
2411                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2412                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2413         },
2414 #endif
2415         {
2416                 .name   = "zonesize",
2417                 .lname  = "Zone size",
2418                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2419                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_size),
2420                 .help   = "Amount of data to read per zone",
2421                 .def    = "0",
2422                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2423                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2424                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2425         },
2426         {
2427                 .name   = "zonerange",
2428                 .lname  = "Zone range",
2429                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2430                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_range),
2431                 .help   = "Give size of an IO zone",
2432                 .def    = "0",
2433                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2434                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2435                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2436         },
2437         {
2438                 .name   = "zoneskip",
2439                 .lname  = "Zone skip",
2440                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2441                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zone_skip),
2442                 .help   = "Space between IO zones",
2443                 .def    = "0",
2444                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2445                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2446                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ZONE,
2447         },
2448         {
2449                 .name   = "lockmem",
2450                 .lname  = "Lock memory",
2451                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_VAL,
2452                 .off1   = td_var_offset(lockmem),
2453                 .help   = "Lock down this amount of memory (per worker)",
2454                 .def    = "0",
2455                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
2456                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2457                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2458         },
2459         {
2460                 .name   = "rwmixread",
2461                 .lname  = "Read/write mix read",
2462                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2463                 .cb     = str_rwmix_read_cb,
2464                 .maxval = 100,
2465                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is reads",
2466                 .def    = "50",
2467                 .interval = 5,
2468                 .inverse = "rwmixwrite",
2469                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2470                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2471         },
2472         {
2473                 .name   = "rwmixwrite",
2474                 .lname  = "Read/write mix write",
2475                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2476                 .cb     = str_rwmix_write_cb,
2477                 .maxval = 100,
2478                 .help   = "Percentage of mixed workload that is writes",
2479                 .def    = "50",
2480                 .interval = 5,
2481                 .inverse = "rwmixread",
2482                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2483                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2484         },
2485         {
2486                 .name   = "rwmixcycle",
2487                 .lname  = "Read/write mix cycle",
2488                 .type   = FIO_OPT_DEPRECATED,
2489                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2490                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RWMIX,
2491         },
2492         {
2493                 .name   = "nice",
2494                 .lname  = "Nice",
2495                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2496                 .off1   = td_var_offset(nice),
2497                 .help   = "Set job CPU nice value",
2498                 .minval = -19,
2499                 .maxval = 20,
2500                 .def    = "0",
2501                 .interval = 1,
2502                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2503                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2504         },
2505 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_IOPRIO
2506         {
2507                 .name   = "prio",
2508                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority",
2509                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2510                 .cb     = str_prio_cb,
2511                 .help   = "Set job IO priority value",
2512                 .minval = 0,
2513                 .maxval = 7,
2514                 .interval = 1,
2515                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2516                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2517         },
2518         {
2519                 .name   = "prioclass",
2520                 .lname  = "I/O nice priority class",
2521                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2522                 .cb     = str_prioclass_cb,
2523                 .help   = "Set job IO priority class",
2524                 .minval = 0,
2525                 .maxval = 3,
2526                 .interval = 1,
2527                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2528                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2529         },
2530 #endif
2531         {
2532                 .name   = "thinktime",
2533                 .lname  = "Thinktime",
2534                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2535                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime),
2536                 .help   = "Idle time between IO buffers (usec)",
2537                 .def    = "0",
2538                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2539                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2540         },
2541         {
2542                 .name   = "thinktime_spin",
2543                 .lname  = "Thinktime spin",
2544                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2545                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_spin),
2546                 .help   = "Start think time by spinning this amount (usec)",
2547                 .def    = "0",
2548                 .parent = "thinktime",
2549                 .hide   = 1,
2550                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2551                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2552         },
2553         {
2554                 .name   = "thinktime_blocks",
2555                 .lname  = "Thinktime blocks",
2556                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2557                 .off1   = td_var_offset(thinktime_blocks),
2558                 .help   = "IO buffer period between 'thinktime'",
2559                 .def    = "1",
2560                 .parent = "thinktime",
2561                 .hide   = 1,
2562                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2563                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_THINKTIME,
2564         },
2565         {
2566                 .name   = "rate",
2567                 .lname  = "I/O rate",
2568                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2569                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_READ]),
2570                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_WRITE]),
2571                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate[DDIR_TRIM]),
2572                 .help   = "Set bandwidth rate",
2573                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2574                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2575         },
2576         {
2577                 .name   = "ratemin",
2578                 .lname  = "I/O min rate",
2579                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2580                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_READ]),
2581                 .off2   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_WRITE]),
2582                 .off3   = td_var_offset(ratemin[DDIR_TRIM]),
2583                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shutdown",
2584                 .parent = "rate",
2585                 .hide   = 1,
2586                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2587                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2588         },
2589         {
2590                 .name   = "rate_iops",
2591                 .lname  = "I/O rate IOPS",
2592                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2593                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_READ]),
2594                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_WRITE]),
2595                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate_iops[DDIR_TRIM]),
2596                 .help   = "Limit IO used to this number of IO operations/sec",
2597                 .hide   = 1,
2598                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2599                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2600         },
2601         {
2602                 .name   = "rate_iops_min",
2603                 .lname  = "I/O min rate IOPS",
2604                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2605                 .off1   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_READ]),
2606                 .off2   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_WRITE]),
2607                 .off3   = td_var_offset(rate_iops_min[DDIR_TRIM]),
2608                 .help   = "Job must meet this rate or it will be shut down",
2609                 .parent = "rate_iops",
2610                 .hide   = 1,
2611                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2612                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2613         },
2614         {
2615                 .name   = "ratecycle",
2616                 .lname  = "I/O rate cycle",
2617                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2618                 .off1   = td_var_offset(ratecycle),
2619                 .help   = "Window average for rate limits (msec)",
2620                 .def    = "1000",
2621                 .parent = "rate",
2622                 .hide   = 1,
2623                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2624                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2625         },
2626         {
2627                 .name   = "max_latency",
2628                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2629                 .off1   = td_var_offset(max_latency),
2630                 .help   = "Maximum tolerated IO latency (usec)",
2631                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2632                 .group = FIO_OPT_G_RATE,
2633         },
2634         {
2635                 .name   = "invalidate",
2636                 .lname  = "Cache invalidate",
2637                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2638                 .off1   = td_var_offset(invalidate_cache),
2639                 .help   = "Invalidate buffer/page cache prior to running job",
2640                 .def    = "1",
2641                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2642                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2643         },
2644         {
2645                 .name   = "sync",
2646                 .lname  = "Synchronous I/O",
2647                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2648                 .off1   = td_var_offset(sync_io),
2649                 .help   = "Use O_SYNC for buffered writes",
2650                 .def    = "0",
2651                 .parent = "buffered",
2652                 .hide   = 1,
2653                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2654                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_TYPE,
2655         },
2656         {
2657                 .name   = "create_serialize",
2658                 .lname  = "Create serialize",
2659                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2660                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_serialize),
2661                 .help   = "Serialize creating of job files",
2662                 .def    = "1",
2663                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2664                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2665         },
2666         {
2667                 .name   = "create_fsync",
2668                 .lname  = "Create fsync",
2669                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2670                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_fsync),
2671                 .help   = "fsync file after creation",
2672                 .def    = "1",
2673                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2674                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2675         },
2676         {
2677                 .name   = "create_on_open",
2678                 .lname  = "Create on open",
2679                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2680                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_on_open),
2681                 .help   = "Create files when they are opened for IO",
2682                 .def    = "0",
2683                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2684                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2685         },
2686         {
2687                 .name   = "create_only",
2688                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2689                 .off1   = td_var_offset(create_only),
2690                 .help   = "Only perform file creation phase",
2691                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2692                 .def    = "0",
2693         },
2694         {
2695                 .name   = "pre_read",
2696                 .lname  = "Pre-read files",
2697                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2698                 .off1   = td_var_offset(pre_read),
2699                 .help   = "Pre-read files before starting official testing",
2700                 .def    = "0",
2701                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2702                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2703         },
2704 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_CPU_AFFINITY
2705         {
2706                 .name   = "cpumask",
2707                 .lname  = "CPU mask",
2708                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2709                 .cb     = str_cpumask_cb,
2710                 .help   = "CPU affinity mask",
2711                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2712                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2713         },
2714         {
2715                 .name   = "cpus_allowed",
2716                 .lname  = "CPUs allowed",
2717                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2718                 .cb     = str_cpus_allowed_cb,
2719                 .help   = "Set CPUs allowed",
2720                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2721                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
2722         },
2723 #endif
2724 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
2725         {
2726                 .name   = "numa_cpu_nodes",
2727                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2728                 .cb     = str_numa_cpunodes_cb,
2729                 .help   = "NUMA CPU nodes bind",
2730                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2731                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2732         },
2733         {
2734                 .name   = "numa_mem_policy",
2735                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2736                 .cb     = str_numa_mpol_cb,
2737                 .help   = "NUMA memory policy setup",
2738                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2739                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2740         },
2741 #endif
2742         {
2743                 .name   = "end_fsync",
2744                 .lname  = "End fsync",
2745                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2746                 .off1   = td_var_offset(end_fsync),
2747                 .help   = "Include fsync at the end of job",
2748                 .def    = "0",
2749                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2750                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2751         },
2752         {
2753                 .name   = "fsync_on_close",
2754                 .lname  = "Fsync on close",
2755                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2756                 .off1   = td_var_offset(fsync_on_close),
2757                 .help   = "fsync files on close",
2758                 .def    = "0",
2759                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2760                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2761         },
2762         {
2763                 .name   = "unlink",
2764                 .lname  = "Unlink file",
2765                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2766                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unlink),
2767                 .help   = "Unlink created files after job has completed",
2768                 .def    = "0",
2769                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_FILE,
2770                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2771         },
2772         {
2773                 .name   = "exitall",
2774                 .lname  = "Exit-all on terminate",
2775                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2776                 .cb     = str_exitall_cb,
2777                 .help   = "Terminate all jobs when one exits",
2778                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2779                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2780         },
2781         {
2782                 .name   = "stonewall",
2783                 .lname  = "Wait for previous",
2784                 .alias  = "wait_for_previous",
2785                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2786                 .off1   = td_var_offset(stonewall),
2787                 .help   = "Insert a hard barrier between this job and previous",
2788                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2789                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2790         },
2791         {
2792                 .name   = "new_group",
2793                 .lname  = "New group",
2794                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2795                 .off1   = td_var_offset(new_group),
2796                 .help   = "Mark the start of a new group (for reporting)",
2797                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2798                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2799         },
2800         {
2801                 .name   = "thread",
2802                 .lname  = "Thread",
2803                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2804                 .off1   = td_var_offset(use_thread),
2805                 .help   = "Use threads instead of processes",
2806                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
2807                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_PROCESS,
2808         },
2809         {
2810                 .name   = "write_bw_log",
2811                 .lname  = "Write bandwidth log",
2812                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2813                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_log_file),
2814                 .cb     = str_write_bw_log_cb,
2815                 .help   = "Write log of bandwidth during run",
2816                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2817                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2818         },
2819         {
2820                 .name   = "write_lat_log",
2821                 .lname  = "Write latency log",
2822                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2823                 .off1   = td_var_offset(lat_log_file),
2824                 .cb     = str_write_lat_log_cb,
2825                 .help   = "Write log of latency during run",
2826                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2827                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2828         },
2829         {
2830                 .name   = "write_iops_log",
2831                 .lname  = "Write IOPS log",
2832                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
2833                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_log_file),
2834                 .cb     = str_write_iops_log_cb,
2835                 .help   = "Write log of IOPS during run",
2836                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2837                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2838         },
2839         {
2840                 .name   = "log_avg_msec",
2841                 .lname  = "Log averaging (msec)",
2842                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2843                 .off1   = td_var_offset(log_avg_msec),
2844                 .help   = "Average bw/iops/lat logs over this period of time",
2845                 .def    = "0",
2846                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2847                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2848         },
2849         {
2850                 .name   = "bwavgtime",
2851                 .lname  = "Bandwidth average time",
2852                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2853                 .off1   = td_var_offset(bw_avg_time),
2854                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate bandwidth"
2855                           " (msec)",
2856                 .def    = "500",
2857                 .parent = "write_bw_log",
2858                 .hide   = 1,
2859                 .interval = 100,
2860                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2861                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2862         },
2863         {
2864                 .name   = "iopsavgtime",
2865                 .lname  = "IOPS average time",
2866                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2867                 .off1   = td_var_offset(iops_avg_time),
2868                 .help   = "Time window over which to calculate IOPS (msec)",
2869                 .def    = "500",
2870                 .parent = "write_iops_log",
2871                 .hide   = 1,
2872                 .interval = 100,
2873                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_LOG,
2874                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2875         },
2876         {
2877                 .name   = "group_reporting",
2878                 .lname  = "Group reporting",
2879                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2880                 .off1   = td_var_offset(group_reporting),
2881                 .help   = "Do reporting on a per-group basis",
2882                 .def    = "1",
2883                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2884                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2885         },
2886         {
2887                 .name   = "zero_buffers",
2888                 .lname  = "Zero I/O buffers",
2889                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2890                 .off1   = td_var_offset(zero_buffers),
2891                 .help   = "Init IO buffers to all zeroes",
2892                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2893                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2894         },
2895         {
2896                 .name   = "refill_buffers",
2897                 .lname  = "Refill I/O buffers",
2898                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_SET,
2899                 .off1   = td_var_offset(refill_buffers),
2900                 .help   = "Refill IO buffers on every IO submit",
2901                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2902                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2903         },
2904         {
2905                 .name   = "scramble_buffers",
2906                 .lname  = "Scramble I/O buffers",
2907                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2908                 .off1   = td_var_offset(scramble_buffers),
2909                 .help   = "Slightly scramble buffers on every IO submit",
2910                 .def    = "1",
2911                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2912                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2913         },
2914         {
2915                 .name   = "buffer_compress_percentage",
2916                 .lname  = "Buffer compression percentage",
2917                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2918                 .off1   = td_var_offset(compress_percentage),
2919                 .maxval = 100,
2920                 .minval = 1,
2921                 .help   = "How compressible the buffer is (approximately)",
2922                 .interval = 5,
2923                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2924                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2925         },
2926         {
2927                 .name   = "buffer_compress_chunk",
2928                 .lname  = "Buffer compression chunk size",
2929                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
2930                 .off1   = td_var_offset(compress_chunk),
2931                 .parent = "buffer_compress_percentage",
2932                 .hide   = 1,
2933                 .help   = "Size of compressible region in buffer",
2934                 .interval = 256,
2935                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
2936                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_BUF,
2937         },
2938         {
2939                 .name   = "clat_percentiles",
2940                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentiles",
2941                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2942                 .off1   = td_var_offset(clat_percentiles),
2943                 .help   = "Enable the reporting of completion latency percentiles",
2944                 .def    = "1",
2945                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2946                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2947         },
2948         {
2949                 .name   = "percentile_list",
2950                 .lname  = "Completion latency percentile list",
2951                 .type   = FIO_OPT_FLOAT_LIST,
2952                 .off1   = td_var_offset(percentile_list),
2953                 .off2   = td_var_offset(percentile_precision),
2954                 .help   = "Specify a custom list of percentiles to report",
2955                 .def    = "1:5:10:20:30:40:50:60:70:80:90:95:99:99.5:99.9:99.95:99.99",
2956                 .maxlen = FIO_IO_U_LIST_MAX_LEN,
2957                 .minfp  = 0.0,
2958                 .maxfp  = 100.0,
2959                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2960                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2961         },
2962
2963 #ifdef FIO_HAVE_DISK_UTIL
2964         {
2965                 .name   = "disk_util",
2966                 .lname  = "Disk utilization",
2967                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2968                 .off1   = td_var_offset(do_disk_util),
2969                 .help   = "Log disk utilization statistics",
2970                 .def    = "1",
2971                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2972                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2973         },
2974 #endif
2975         {
2976                 .name   = "gtod_reduce",
2977                 .lname  = "Reduce gettimeofday() calls",
2978                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2979                 .help   = "Greatly reduce number of gettimeofday() calls",
2980                 .cb     = str_gtod_reduce_cb,
2981                 .def    = "0",
2982                 .hide_on_set = 1,
2983                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2984                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2985         },
2986         {
2987                 .name   = "disable_lat",
2988                 .lname  = "Disable all latency stats",
2989                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
2990                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_lat),
2991                 .help   = "Disable latency numbers",
2992                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
2993                 .hide   = 1,
2994                 .def    = "0",
2995                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
2996                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
2997         },
2998         {
2999                 .name   = "disable_clat",
3000                 .lname  = "Disable completion latency stats",
3001                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3002                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_clat),
3003                 .help   = "Disable completion latency numbers",
3004                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3005                 .hide   = 1,
3006                 .def    = "0",
3007                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3008                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3009         },
3010         {
3011                 .name   = "disable_slat",
3012                 .lname  = "Disable submission latency stats",
3013                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3014                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_slat),
3015                 .help   = "Disable submission latency numbers",
3016                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3017                 .hide   = 1,
3018                 .def    = "0",
3019                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3020                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3021         },
3022         {
3023                 .name   = "disable_bw_measurement",
3024                 .lname  = "Disable bandwidth stats",
3025                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3026                 .off1   = td_var_offset(disable_bw),
3027                 .help   = "Disable bandwidth logging",
3028                 .parent = "gtod_reduce",
3029                 .hide   = 1,
3030                 .def    = "0",
3031                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_STAT,
3032                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3033         },
3034         {
3035                 .name   = "gtod_cpu",
3036                 .lname  = "Dedicated gettimeofday() CPU",
3037                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3038                 .cb     = str_gtod_cpu_cb,
3039                 .help   = "Set up dedicated gettimeofday() thread on this CPU",
3040                 .verify = gtod_cpu_verify,
3041                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3042                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CLOCK,
3043         },
3044         {
3045                 .name   = "unified_rw_reporting",
3046                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3047                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unified_rw_rep),
3048                 .help   = "Unify reporting across data direction",
3049                 .def    = "0",
3050                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3051                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3052         },
3053         {
3054                 .name   = "continue_on_error",
3055                 .lname  = "Continue on error",
3056                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3057                 .off1   = td_var_offset(continue_on_error),
3058                 .help   = "Continue on non-fatal errors during IO",
3059                 .def    = "none",
3060                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3061                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3062                 .posval = {
3063                           { .ival = "none",
3064                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
3065                             .help = "Exit when an error is encountered",
3066                           },
3067                           { .ival = "read",
3068                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ,
3069                             .help = "Continue on read errors only",
3070                           },
3071                           { .ival = "write",
3072                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
3073                             .help = "Continue on write errors only",
3074                           },
3075                           { .ival = "io",
3076                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_READ | ERROR_TYPE_WRITE,
3077                             .help = "Continue on any IO errors",
3078                           },
3079                           { .ival = "verify",
3080                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_VERIFY,
3081                             .help = "Continue on verify errors only",
3082                           },
3083                           { .ival = "all",
3084                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
3085                             .help = "Continue on all io and verify errors",
3086                           },
3087                           { .ival = "0",
3088                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_NONE,
3089                             .help = "Alias for 'none'",
3090                           },
3091                           { .ival = "1",
3092                             .oval = ERROR_TYPE_ANY,
3093                             .help = "Alias for 'all'",
3094                           },
3095                 },
3096         },
3097         {
3098                 .name   = "ignore_error",
3099                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR,
3100                 .cb     = str_ignore_error_cb,
3101                 .help   = "Set a specific list of errors to ignore",
3102                 .parent = "rw",
3103                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3104                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3105         },
3106         {
3107                 .name   = "error_dump",
3108                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3109                 .off1   = td_var_offset(error_dump),
3110                 .def    = "0",
3111                 .help   = "Dump info on each error",
3112                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3113                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_ERR,
3114         },
3115         {
3116                 .name   = "profile",
3117                 .lname  = "Profile",
3118                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3119                 .off1   = td_var_offset(profile),
3120                 .help   = "Select a specific builtin performance test",
3121                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_PROFILE,
3122                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3123         },
3124         {
3125                 .name   = "cgroup",
3126                 .lname  = "Cgroup",
3127                 .type   = FIO_OPT_STR_STORE,
3128                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup),
3129                 .help   = "Add job to cgroup of this name",
3130                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3131                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3132         },
3133         {
3134                 .name   = "cgroup_nodelete",
3135                 .lname  = "Cgroup no-delete",
3136                 .type   = FIO_OPT_BOOL,
3137                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_nodelete),
3138                 .help   = "Do not delete cgroups after job completion",
3139                 .def    = "0",
3140                 .parent = "cgroup",
3141                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3142                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3143         },
3144         {
3145                 .name   = "cgroup_weight",
3146                 .lname  = "Cgroup weight",
3147                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3148                 .off1   = td_var_offset(cgroup_weight),
3149                 .help   = "Use given weight for cgroup",
3150                 .minval = 100,
3151                 .maxval = 1000,
3152                 .parent = "cgroup",
3153                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3154                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CGROUP,
3155         },
3156         {
3157                 .name   = "uid",
3158                 .lname  = "User ID",
3159                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3160                 .off1   = td_var_offset(uid),
3161                 .help   = "Run job with this user ID",
3162                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3163                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3164         },
3165         {
3166                 .name   = "gid",
3167                 .lname  = "Group ID",
3168                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3169                 .off1   = td_var_offset(gid),
3170                 .help   = "Run job with this group ID",
3171                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3172                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_CRED,
3173         },
3174         {
3175                 .name   = "kb_base",
3176                 .lname  = "KB Base",
3177                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3178                 .off1   = td_var_offset(kb_base),
3179                 .prio   = 1,
3180                 .def    = "1024",
3181                 .posval = {
3182                           { .ival = "1024",
3183                             .oval = 1024,
3184                             .help = "Use 1024 as the K base",
3185                           },
3186                           { .ival = "1000",
3187                             .oval = 1000,
3188                             .help = "Use 1000 as the K base",
3189                           },
3190                 },
3191                 .help   = "How many bytes per KB for reporting (1000 or 1024)",
3192                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3193                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3194         },
3195         {
3196                 .name   = "unit_base",
3197                 .lname  = "Base unit for reporting (Bits or Bytes)",
3198                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3199                 .off1   = td_var_offset(unit_base),
3200                 .prio   = 1,
3201                 .posval = {
3202                           { .ival = "0",
3203                             .oval = 0,
3204                             .help = "Auto-detect",
3205                           },
3206                           { .ival = "8",
3207                             .oval = 8,
3208                             .help = "Normal (byte based)",
3209                           },
3210                           { .ival = "1",
3211                             .oval = 1,
3212                             .help = "Bit based",
3213                           },
3214                 },
3215                 .help   = "Bit multiple of result summary data (8 for byte, 1 for bit)",
3216                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3217                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3218         },
3219         {
3220                 .name   = "hugepage-size",
3221                 .lname  = "Hugepage size",
3222                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3223                 .off1   = td_var_offset(hugepage_size),
3224                 .help   = "When using hugepages, specify size of each page",
3225                 .def    = __fio_stringify(FIO_HUGE_PAGE),
3226                 .interval = 1024 * 1024,
3227                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_GENERAL,
3228                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_INVALID,
3229         },
3230         {
3231                 .name   = "flow_id",
3232                 .lname  = "I/O flow ID",
3233                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3234                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_id),
3235                 .help   = "The flow index ID to use",
3236                 .def    = "0",
3237                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3238                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3239         },
3240         {
3241                 .name   = "flow",
3242                 .lname  = "I/O flow weight",
3243                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3244                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow),
3245                 .help   = "Weight for flow control of this job",
3246                 .parent = "flow_id",
3247                 .hide   = 1,
3248                 .def    = "0",
3249                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3250                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3251         },
3252         {
3253                 .name   = "flow_watermark",
3254                 .lname  = "I/O flow watermark",
3255                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3256                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_watermark),
3257                 .help   = "High watermark for flow control. This option"
3258                         " should be set to the same value for all threads"
3259                         " with non-zero flow.",
3260                 .parent = "flow_id",
3261                 .hide   = 1,
3262                 .def    = "1024",
3263                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3264                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3265         },
3266         {
3267                 .name   = "flow_sleep",
3268                 .lname  = "I/O flow sleep",
3269                 .type   = FIO_OPT_INT,
3270                 .off1   = td_var_offset(flow_sleep),
3271                 .help   = "How many microseconds to sleep after being held"
3272                         " back by the flow control mechanism",
3273                 .parent = "flow_id",
3274                 .hide   = 1,
3275                 .def    = "0",
3276                 .category = FIO_OPT_C_IO,
3277                 .group  = FIO_OPT_G_IO_FLOW,
3278         },
3279         {
3280                 .name = NULL,
3281         },
3282 };
3283
3284 static void add_to_lopt(struct option *lopt, struct fio_option *o,
3285                         const char *name, int val)
3286 {
3287         lopt->name = (char *) name;
3288         lopt->val = val;
3289         if (o->type == FIO_OPT_STR_SET)
3290                 lopt->has_arg = no_argument;
3291         else
3292                 lopt->has_arg = required_argument;
3293 }
3294
3295 static void options_to_lopts(struct fio_option *opts,
3296                               struct option *long_options,
3297                               int i, int option_type)
3298 {
3299         struct fio_option *o = &opts[0];
3300         while (o->name) {
3301                 add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->name, option_type);
3302                 if (o->alias) {
3303                         i++;
3304                         add_to_lopt(&long_options[i], o, o->alias, option_type);
3305                 }
3306
3307                 i++;
3308                 o++;
3309                 assert(i < FIO_NR_OPTIONS);
3310         }
3311 }
3312
3313 void fio_options_set_ioengine_opts(struct option *long_options,
3314                                    struct thread_data *td)
3315 {
3316         unsigned int i;
3317
3318         i = 0;
3319         while (long_options[i].name) {
3320                 if (long_options[i].val == FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE) {
3321                         memset(&long_options[i], 0, sizeof(*long_options));
3322                         break;
3323                 }
3324                 i++;
3325         }
3326
3327         /*
3328          * Just clear out the prior ioengine options.
3329          */
3330         if (!td || !td->eo)
3331                 return;
3332
3333         options_to_lopts(td->io_ops->options, long_options, i,
3334                          FIO_GETOPT_IOENGINE);
3335 }
3336
3337 void fio_options_dup_and_init(struct option *long_options)
3338 {
3339         unsigned int i;
3340
3341         options_init(fio_options);
3342
3343         i = 0;
3344         while (long_options[i].name)
3345                 i++;
3346
3347         options_to_lopts(fio_options, long_options, i, FIO_GETOPT_JOB);
3348 }
3349
3350 struct fio_keyword {
3351         const char *word;
3352         const char *desc;
3353         char *replace;
3354 };
3355
3356 static struct fio_keyword fio_keywords[] = {
3357         {
3358                 .word   = "$pagesize",
3359                 .desc   = "Page size in the system",
3360         },
3361         {
3362                 .word   = "$mb_memory",
3363                 .desc   = "Megabytes of memory online",
3364         },
3365         {
3366                 .word   = "$ncpus",
3367                 .desc   = "Number of CPUs online in the system",
3368         },
3369         {
3370                 .word   = NULL,
3371         },
3372 };
3373
3374 void fio_keywords_init(void)
3375 {
3376         unsigned long long mb_memory;
3377         char buf[128];
3378         long l;
3379
3380         sprintf(buf, "%lu", (unsigned long) page_size);
3381         fio_keywords[0].replace = strdup(buf);
3382
3383         mb_memory = os_phys_mem() / (1024 * 1024);
3384         sprintf(buf, "%llu", mb_memory);
3385         fio_keywords[1].replace = strdup(buf);
3386
3387         l = cpus_online();
3388         sprintf(buf, "%lu", l);
3389         fio_keywords[2].replace = strdup(buf);
3390 }
3391
3392 #define BC_APP          "bc"
3393
3394 static char *bc_calc(char *str)
3395 {
3396         char buf[128], *tmp;
3397         FILE *f;
3398         int ret;
3399
3400         /*
3401          * No math, just return string
3402          */
3403         if ((!strchr(str, '+') && !strchr(str, '-') && !strchr(str, '*') &&
3404              !strchr(str, '/')) || strchr(str, '\''))
3405                 return str;
3406
3407         /*
3408          * Split option from value, we only need to calculate the value
3409          */
3410         tmp = strchr(str, '=');
3411         if (!tmp)
3412                 return str;
3413
3414         tmp++;
3415
3416         /*
3417          * Prevent buffer overflows; such a case isn't reasonable anyway
3418          */
3419         if (strlen(str) >= 128 || strlen(tmp) > 100)
3420                 return str;
3421
3422         sprintf(buf, "which %s > /dev/null", BC_APP);
3423         if (system(buf)) {
3424                 log_err("fio: bc is needed for performing math\n");
3425                 return NULL;
3426         }
3427
3428         sprintf(buf, "echo '%s' | %s", tmp, BC_APP);
3429         f = popen(buf, "r");
3430         if (!f) {
3431                 return NULL;
3432         }
3433
3434         ret = fread(&buf[tmp - str], 1, 128 - (tmp - str), f);
3435         if (ret <= 0) {
3436                 return NULL;
3437         }
3438
3439         pclose(f);
3440         buf[(tmp - str) + ret - 1] = '\0';
3441         memcpy(buf, str, tmp - str);
3442         free(str);
3443         return strdup(buf);
3444 }
3445
3446 /*
3447  * Return a copy of the input string with substrings of the form ${VARNAME}
3448  * substituted with the value of the environment variable VARNAME.  The
3449  * substitution always occurs, even if VARNAME is empty or the corresponding
3450  * environment variable undefined.
3451  */
3452 static char *option_dup_subs(const char *opt)
3453 {
3454         char out[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
3455         char in[OPT_LEN_MAX+1];
3456         char *outptr = out;
3457         char *inptr = in;
3458         char *ch1, *ch2, *env;
3459         ssize_t nchr = OPT_LEN_MAX;
3460         size_t envlen;
3461
3462         if (strlen(opt) + 1 > OPT_LEN_MAX) {
3463                 log_err("OPT_LEN_MAX (%d) is too small\n", OPT_LEN_MAX);
3464                 return NULL;
3465         }
3466
3467         in[OPT_LEN_MAX] = '\0';
3468         strncpy(in, opt, OPT_LEN_MAX);
3469
3470         while (*inptr && nchr > 0) {
3471                 if (inptr[0] == '$' && inptr[1] == '{') {
3472                         ch2 = strchr(inptr, '}');
3473                         if (ch2 && inptr+1 < ch2) {
3474                                 ch1 = inptr+2;
3475                                 inptr = ch2+1;
3476                                 *ch2 = '\0';
3477
3478                                 env = getenv(ch1);
3479                                 if (env) {
3480                                         envlen = strlen(env);
3481                                         if (envlen <= nchr) {
3482                                                 memcpy(outptr, env, envlen);
3483                                                 outptr += envlen;
3484                                                 nchr -= envlen;
3485                                         }
3486                                 }
3487
3488                                 continue;
3489                         }
3490                 }
3491
3492                 *outptr++ = *inptr++;
3493                 --nchr;
3494         }
3495
3496         *outptr = '\0';
3497         return strdup(out);
3498 }
3499
3500 /*
3501  * Look for reserved variable names and replace them with real values
3502  */
3503 static char *fio_keyword_replace(char *opt)
3504 {
3505         char *s;
3506         int i;
3507         int docalc = 0;
3508
3509         for (i = 0; fio_keywords[i].word != NULL; i++) {
3510                 struct fio_keyword *kw = &fio_keywords[i];
3511
3512                 while ((s = strstr(opt, kw->word)) != NULL) {
3513                         char *new = malloc(strlen(opt) + 1);
3514                         char *o_org = opt;
3515                         int olen = s - opt;
3516                         int len;
3517
3518                         /*
3519                          * Copy part of the string before the keyword and
3520                          * sprintf() the replacement after it.
3521                          */
3522                         memcpy(new, opt, olen);
3523                         len = sprintf(new + olen, "%s", kw->replace);
3524
3525                         /*
3526                          * If there's more in the original string, copy that
3527                          * in too
3528                          */
3529                         opt += strlen(kw->word) + olen;
3530                         if (strlen(opt))
3531                                 memcpy(new + olen + len, opt, opt - o_org - 1);
3532
3533                         /*
3534                          * replace opt and free the old opt
3535                          */
3536                         opt = new;
3537                         free(o_org);
3538
3539                         docalc = 1;
3540                 }
3541         }
3542
3543         /*
3544          * Check for potential math and invoke bc, if possible
3545          */
3546         if (docalc)
3547                 opt = bc_calc(opt);
3548
3549         return opt;
3550 }
3551
3552 static char **dup_and_sub_options(char **opts, int num_opts)
3553 {
3554         int i;
3555         char **opts_copy = malloc(num_opts * sizeof(*opts));
3556         for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
3557                 opts_copy[i] = option_dup_subs(opts[i]);
3558                 if (!opts_copy[i])
3559                         continue;
3560                 opts_copy[i] = fio_keyword_replace(opts_copy[i]);
3561         }
3562         return opts_copy;
3563 }
3564
3565 int fio_options_parse(struct thread_data *td, char **opts, int num_opts)
3566 {
3567         int i, ret, unknown;
3568         char **opts_copy;
3569
3570         sort_options(opts, fio_options, num_opts);
3571         opts_copy = dup_and_sub_options(opts, num_opts);
3572
3573         for (ret = 0, i = 0, unknown = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
3574                 struct fio_option *o;
3575                 int newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i], fio_options,
3576                                                 &o, td);
3577
3578                 if (opts_copy[i]) {
3579                         if (newret && !o) {
3580                                 unknown++;
3581                                 continue;
3582                         }
3583                         free(opts_copy[i]);
3584                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
3585                 }
3586
3587                 ret |= newret;
3588         }
3589
3590         if (unknown) {
3591                 ret |= ioengine_load(td);
3592                 if (td->eo) {
3593                         sort_options(opts_copy, td->io_ops->options, num_opts);
3594                         opts = opts_copy;
3595                 }
3596                 for (i = 0; i < num_opts; i++) {
3597                         struct fio_option *o = NULL;
3598                         int newret = 1;
3599                         if (!opts_copy[i])
3600                                 continue;
3601
3602                         if (td->eo)
3603                                 newret = parse_option(opts_copy[i], opts[i],
3604                                                       td->io_ops->options, &o,
3605                                                       td->eo);
3606
3607                         ret |= newret;
3608                         if (!o)
3609                                 log_err("Bad option <%s>\n", opts[i]);
3610
3611                         free(opts_copy[i]);
3612                         opts_copy[i] = NULL;
3613                 }
3614         }
3615
3616         free(opts_copy);
3617         return ret;
3618 }
3619
3620 int fio_cmd_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt, char *val)
3621 {
3622         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, fio_options, td);
3623 }
3624
3625 int fio_cmd_ioengine_option_parse(struct thread_data *td, const char *opt,
3626                                 char *val)
3627 {
3628         return parse_cmd_option(opt, val, td->io_ops->options, td);
3629 }
3630
3631 void fio_fill_default_options(struct thread_data *td)
3632 {
3633         fill_default_options(td, fio_options);
3634 }
3635
3636 int fio_show_option_help(const char *opt)
3637 {
3638         return show_cmd_help(fio_options, opt);
3639 }
3640
3641 void options_mem_dupe(void *data, struct fio_option *options)
3642 {
3643         struct fio_option *o;
3644         char **ptr;
3645
3646         for (o = &options[0]; o->name; o++) {
3647                 if (o->type != FIO_OPT_STR_STORE)
3648                         continue;
3649
3650                 ptr = td_var(data, o->off1);
3651                 if (*ptr)
3652                         *ptr = strdup(*ptr);
3653         }
3654 }
3655
3656 /*
3657  * dupe FIO_OPT_STR_STORE options
3658  */
3659 void fio_options_mem_dupe(struct thread_data *td)
3660 {
3661         options_mem_dupe(&td->o, fio_options);
3662
3663         if (td->eo && td->io_ops) {
3664                 void *oldeo = td->eo;
3665
3666                 td->eo = malloc(td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
3667                 memcpy(td->eo, oldeo, td->io_ops->option_struct_size);
3668                 options_mem_dupe(td->eo, td->io_ops->options);
3669         }
3670 }
3671
3672 unsigned int fio_get_kb_base(void *data)
3673 {
3674         struct thread_data *td = data;
3675         unsigned int kb_base = 0;
3676
3677         if (td)
3678                 kb_base = td->o.kb_base;
3679         if (!kb_base)
3680                 kb_base = 1024;
3681
3682         return kb_base;
3683 }
3684
3685 int add_option(struct fio_option *o)
3686 {
3687         struct fio_option *__o;
3688         int opt_index = 0;
3689
3690         __o = fio_options;
3691         while (__o->name) {
3692                 opt_index++;
3693                 __o++;
3694         }
3695
3696         memcpy(&fio_options[opt_index], o, sizeof(*o));
3697         return 0;
3698 }
3699
3700 void invalidate_profile_options(const char *prof_name)
3701 {
3702         struct fio_option *o;
3703
3704         o = fio_options;
3705         while (o->name) {
3706                 if (o->prof_name && !strcmp(o->prof_name, prof_name)) {
3707                         o->type = FIO_OPT_INVALID;
3708                         o->prof_name = NULL;
3709                 }
3710                 o++;
3711         }
3712 }
3713
3714 void add_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival, const char *help)
3715 {
3716         struct fio_option *o;
3717         unsigned int i;
3718
3719         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
3720         if (!o)
3721                 return;
3722
3723         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
3724                 if (o->posval[i].ival)
3725                         continue;
3726
3727                 o->posval[i].ival = ival;
3728                 o->posval[i].help = help;
3729                 break;
3730         }
3731 }
3732
3733 void del_opt_posval(const char *optname, const char *ival)
3734 {
3735         struct fio_option *o;
3736         unsigned int i;
3737
3738         o = find_option(fio_options, optname);
3739         if (!o)
3740                 return;
3741
3742         for (i = 0; i < PARSE_MAX_VP; i++) {
3743                 if (!o->posval[i].ival)
3744                         continue;
3745                 if (strcmp(o->posval[i].ival, ival))
3746                         continue;
3747
3748                 o->posval[i].ival = NULL;
3749                 o->posval[i].help = NULL;
3750         }
3751 }
3752
3753 void fio_options_free(struct thread_data *td)
3754 {
3755         options_free(fio_options, td);
3756         if (td->eo && td->io_ops && td->io_ops->options) {
3757                 options_free(td->io_ops->options, td->eo);
3758                 free(td->eo);
3759                 td->eo = NULL;
3760         }
3761 }