Fio 1.16.9
[fio.git] / init.c
1 /*
2  * This file contains job initialization and setup functions.
3  */
4 #include <stdio.h>
5 #include <stdlib.h>
6 #include <unistd.h>
7 #include <fcntl.h>
8 #include <ctype.h>
9 #include <string.h>
10 #include <errno.h>
11 #include <getopt.h>
12 #include <sys/ipc.h>
13 #include <sys/shm.h>
14 #include <sys/types.h>
15 #include <sys/stat.h>
16
17 #include "fio.h"
18 #include "parse.h"
19
20 static char fio_version_string[] = "fio 1.16.9";
21
22 #define FIO_RANDSEED            (0xb1899bedUL)
23
24 static char **ini_file;
25 static int max_jobs = MAX_JOBS;
26 static int dump_cmdline;
27
28 struct thread_data def_thread;
29 struct thread_data *threads = NULL;
30
31 int exitall_on_terminate = 0;
32 int terse_output = 0;
33 unsigned long long mlock_size = 0;
34 FILE *f_out = NULL;
35 FILE *f_err = NULL;
36
37 int write_bw_log = 0;
38
39 static int def_timeout = 0;
40 static int write_lat_log = 0;
41
42 static int prev_group_jobs;
43
44 /*
45  * Command line options. These will contain the above, plus a few
46  * extra that only pertain to fio itself and not jobs.
47  */
48 static struct option long_options[FIO_NR_OPTIONS] = {
49         {
50                 .name           = "output",
51                 .has_arg        = required_argument,
52                 .val            = 'o',
53         },
54         {
55                 .name           = "timeout",
56                 .has_arg        = required_argument,
57                 .val            = 't',
58         },
59         {
60                 .name           = "latency-log",
61                 .has_arg        = required_argument,
62                 .val            = 'l',
63         },
64         {
65                 .name           = "bandwidth-log",
66                 .has_arg        = required_argument,
67                 .val            = 'b',
68         },
69         {
70                 .name           = "minimal",
71                 .has_arg        = optional_argument,
72                 .val            = 'm',
73         },
74         {
75                 .name           = "version",
76                 .has_arg        = no_argument,
77                 .val            = 'v',
78         },
79         {
80                 .name           = "help",
81                 .has_arg        = no_argument,
82                 .val            = 'h',
83         },
84         {
85                 .name           = "cmdhelp",
86                 .has_arg        = optional_argument,
87                 .val            = 'c',
88         },
89         {
90                 .name           = "showcmd",
91                 .has_arg        = no_argument,
92                 .val            = 's'
93         },
94         {
95                 .name           = NULL,
96         },
97 };
98
99 FILE *get_f_out()
100 {
101         return f_out;
102 }
103
104 FILE *get_f_err()
105 {
106         return f_err;
107 }
108
109 /*
110  * Return a free job structure.
111  */
112 static struct thread_data *get_new_job(int global, struct thread_data *parent)
113 {
114         struct thread_data *td;
115
116         if (global)
117                 return &def_thread;
118         if (thread_number >= max_jobs)
119                 return NULL;
120
121         td = &threads[thread_number++];
122         *td = *parent;
123
124         dup_files(td, parent);
125         options_mem_dupe(td);
126
127         td->thread_number = thread_number;
128         return td;
129 }
130
131 static void put_job(struct thread_data *td)
132 {
133         if (td == &def_thread)
134                 return;
135
136         if (td->error)
137                 log_info("fio: %s\n", td->verror);
138
139         memset(&threads[td->thread_number - 1], 0, sizeof(*td));
140         thread_number--;
141 }
142
143 static int setup_rate(struct thread_data *td)
144 {
145         unsigned long nr_reads_per_msec;
146         unsigned long long rate;
147         unsigned int bs;
148
149         if (!td->o.rate && !td->o.rate_iops)
150                 return 0;
151
152         if (td_rw(td))
153                 bs = td->o.rw_min_bs;
154         else if (td_read(td))
155                 bs = td->o.min_bs[DDIR_READ];
156         else
157                 bs = td->o.min_bs[DDIR_WRITE];
158
159         if (td->o.rate) {
160                 rate = td->o.rate;
161                 nr_reads_per_msec = (rate * 1024 * 1000LL) / bs;
162         } else
163                 nr_reads_per_msec = td->o.rate_iops * 1000UL;
164
165         if (!nr_reads_per_msec) {
166                 log_err("rate lower than supported\n");
167                 return -1;
168         }
169
170         td->rate_usec_cycle = 1000000000ULL / nr_reads_per_msec;
171         td->rate_pending_usleep = 0;
172         return 0;
173 }
174
175 /*
176  * Lazy way of fixing up options that depend on each other. We could also
177  * define option callback handlers, but this is easier.
178  */
179 static int fixup_options(struct thread_data *td)
180 {
181         struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
182
183         if (o->rwmix[DDIR_READ] + o->rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] > 100)
184                 o->rwmix[DDIR_WRITE] = 100 - o->rwmix[DDIR_READ];
185
186         if (o->write_iolog_file && o->read_iolog_file) {
187                 log_err("fio: read iolog overrides write_iolog\n");
188                 free(o->write_iolog_file);
189                 o->write_iolog_file = NULL;
190         }
191
192         if (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_SYNCIO)
193                 o->iodepth = 1;
194         else {
195                 if (!o->iodepth)
196                         o->iodepth = o->open_files;
197         }
198
199         /*
200          * only really works for sequential io for now, and with 1 file
201          */
202         if (o->zone_size && td_random(td) && o->open_files == 1)
203                 o->zone_size = 0;
204
205         /*
206          * Reads can do overwrites, we always need to pre-create the file
207          */
208         if (td_read(td) || td_rw(td))
209                 o->overwrite = 1;
210
211         if (!o->min_bs[DDIR_READ])
212                 o->min_bs[DDIR_READ]= o->bs[DDIR_READ];
213         if (!o->max_bs[DDIR_READ])
214                 o->max_bs[DDIR_READ] = o->bs[DDIR_READ];
215         if (!o->min_bs[DDIR_WRITE])
216                 o->min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]= o->bs[DDIR_WRITE];
217         if (!o->max_bs[DDIR_WRITE])
218                 o->max_bs[DDIR_WRITE] = o->bs[DDIR_WRITE];
219
220         o->rw_min_bs = min(o->min_bs[DDIR_READ], o->min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]);
221
222         if (!o->file_size_high)
223                 o->file_size_high = o->file_size_low;
224
225         if (td_read(td) && !td_rw(td))
226                 o->verify = 0;
227
228         if (o->norandommap && o->verify != VERIFY_NONE) {
229                 log_err("fio: norandommap given, verify disabled\n");
230                 o->verify = VERIFY_NONE;
231         }
232         if (o->bs_unaligned && (o->odirect || td->io_ops->flags & FIO_RAWIO))
233                 log_err("fio: bs_unaligned may not work with raw io\n");
234
235         /*
236          * thinktime_spin must be less than thinktime
237          */
238         if (o->thinktime_spin > o->thinktime)
239                 o->thinktime_spin = o->thinktime;
240
241         /*
242          * The low water mark cannot be bigger than the iodepth
243          */
244         if (o->iodepth_low > o->iodepth || !o->iodepth_low) {
245                 /*
246                  * syslet work around - if the workload is sequential,
247                  * we want to let the queue drain all the way down to
248                  * avoid seeking between async threads
249                  */
250                 if (!strcmp(td->io_ops->name, "syslet-rw") && !td_random(td))
251                         o->iodepth_low = 1;
252                 else
253                         o->iodepth_low = o->iodepth;
254         }
255
256         /*
257          * If batch number isn't set, default to the same as iodepth
258          */
259         if (o->iodepth_batch > o->iodepth || !o->iodepth_batch)
260                 o->iodepth_batch = o->iodepth;
261
262         if (o->nr_files > td->files_index)
263                 o->nr_files = td->files_index;
264
265         if (o->open_files > o->nr_files || !o->open_files)
266                 o->open_files = o->nr_files;
267
268         if ((o->rate && o->rate_iops) || (o->ratemin && o->rate_iops_min)) {
269                 log_err("fio: rate and rate_iops are mutually exclusive\n");
270                 return 1;
271         }
272         if ((o->rate < o->ratemin) || (o->rate_iops < o->rate_iops_min)) {
273                 log_err("fio: minimum rate exceeds rate\n");
274                 return 1;
275         }
276
277         if (!o->timeout && o->time_based) {
278                 log_err("fio: time_based requires a runtime/timeout setting\n");
279                 o->time_based = 0;
280         }
281
282         return 0;
283 }
284
285 /*
286  * This function leaks the buffer
287  */
288 static char *to_kmg(unsigned int val)
289 {
290         char *buf = malloc(32);
291         char post[] = { 0, 'K', 'M', 'G', 'P', 'E', 0 };
292         char *p = post;
293
294         do {
295                 if (val & 1023)
296                         break;
297
298                 val >>= 10;
299                 p++;
300         } while (*p);
301
302         snprintf(buf, 31, "%u%c", val, *p);
303         return buf;
304 }
305
306 /* External engines are specified by "external:name.o") */
307 static const char *get_engine_name(const char *str)
308 {
309         char *p = strstr(str, ":");
310
311         if (!p)
312                 return str;
313
314         p++;
315         strip_blank_front(&p);
316         strip_blank_end(p);
317         return p;
318 }
319
320 static int exists_and_not_file(const char *filename)
321 {
322         struct stat sb;
323
324         if (lstat(filename, &sb) == -1)
325                 return 0;
326
327         if (S_ISREG(sb.st_mode))
328                 return 0;
329
330         return 1;
331 }
332
333 /*
334  * Initialize the various random states we need (random io, block size ranges,
335  * read/write mix, etc).
336  */
337 static int init_random_state(struct thread_data *td)
338 {
339         unsigned long seeds[6];
340         int fd;
341
342         fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
343         if (fd == -1) {
344                 td_verror(td, errno, "open");
345                 return 1;
346         }
347
348         if (read(fd, seeds, sizeof(seeds)) < (int) sizeof(seeds)) {
349                 td_verror(td, EIO, "read");
350                 close(fd);
351                 return 1;
352         }
353
354         close(fd);
355
356         os_random_seed(seeds[0], &td->bsrange_state);
357         os_random_seed(seeds[1], &td->verify_state);
358         os_random_seed(seeds[2], &td->rwmix_state);
359
360         if (td->o.file_service_type == FIO_FSERVICE_RANDOM)
361                 os_random_seed(seeds[3], &td->next_file_state);
362
363         os_random_seed(seeds[5], &td->file_size_state);
364
365         if (!td_random(td))
366                 return 0;
367
368         if (td->o.rand_repeatable)
369                 seeds[4] = FIO_RANDSEED * td->thread_number;
370
371         os_random_seed(seeds[4], &td->random_state);
372         return 0;
373 }
374
375 /*
376  * Adds a job to the list of things todo. Sanitizes the various options
377  * to make sure we don't have conflicts, and initializes various
378  * members of td.
379  */
380 static int add_job(struct thread_data *td, const char *jobname, int job_add_num)
381 {
382         const char *ddir_str[] = { NULL, "read", "write", "rw", NULL,
383                                    "randread", "randwrite", "randrw" };
384         unsigned int i;
385         const char *engine;
386         char fname[PATH_MAX];
387         int numjobs, file_alloced;
388
389         /*
390          * the def_thread is just for options, it's not a real job
391          */
392         if (td == &def_thread)
393                 return 0;
394
395         /*
396          * if we are just dumping the output command line, don't add the job
397          */
398         if (dump_cmdline) {
399                 put_job(td);
400                 return 0;
401         }
402
403         engine = get_engine_name(td->o.ioengine);
404         td->io_ops = load_ioengine(td, engine);
405         if (!td->io_ops) {
406                 log_err("fio: failed to load engine %s\n", engine);
407                 goto err;
408         }
409
410         if (td->o.use_thread)
411                 nr_thread++;
412         else
413                 nr_process++;
414
415         if (td->o.odirect)
416                 td->io_ops->flags |= FIO_RAWIO;
417
418         file_alloced = 0;
419         if (!td->o.filename && !td->files_index) {
420                 file_alloced = 1;
421
422                 if (td->o.nr_files == 1 && exists_and_not_file(jobname))
423                         add_file(td, jobname);
424                 else {
425                         for (i = 0; i < td->o.nr_files; i++) {
426                                 sprintf(fname, "%s.%d.%d", jobname, td->thread_number, i);
427                                 add_file(td, fname);
428                         }
429                 }
430         }
431
432         if (fixup_options(td))
433                 goto err;
434
435         if (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_DISKLESSIO) {
436                 struct fio_file *f;
437
438                 for_each_file(td, f, i)
439                         f->real_file_size = -1ULL;
440         }
441
442         td->mutex = fio_sem_init(0);
443
444         td->ts.clat_stat[0].min_val = td->ts.clat_stat[1].min_val = ULONG_MAX;
445         td->ts.slat_stat[0].min_val = td->ts.slat_stat[1].min_val = ULONG_MAX;
446         td->ts.bw_stat[0].min_val = td->ts.bw_stat[1].min_val = ULONG_MAX;
447         td->ddir_nr = td->o.ddir_nr;
448
449         if ((td->o.stonewall || td->o.numjobs > 1 || td->o.new_group)
450              && prev_group_jobs) {
451                 prev_group_jobs = 0;
452                 groupid++;
453         }
454
455         td->groupid = groupid;
456         prev_group_jobs++;
457
458         if (init_random_state(td))
459                 goto err;
460
461         if (setup_rate(td))
462                 goto err;
463
464         if (td->o.write_lat_log) {
465                 setup_log(&td->ts.slat_log);
466                 setup_log(&td->ts.clat_log);
467         }
468         if (td->o.write_bw_log)
469                 setup_log(&td->ts.bw_log);
470
471         if (!td->o.name)
472                 td->o.name = strdup(jobname);
473
474         if (!terse_output) {
475                 if (!job_add_num) {
476                         if (!strcmp(td->io_ops->name, "cpuio"))
477                                 log_info("%s: ioengine=cpu, cpuload=%u, cpucycle=%u\n", td->o.name, td->o.cpuload, td->o.cpucycle);
478                         else {
479                                 char *c1, *c2, *c3, *c4;
480
481                                 c1 = to_kmg(td->o.min_bs[DDIR_READ]);
482                                 c2 = to_kmg(td->o.max_bs[DDIR_READ]);
483                                 c3 = to_kmg(td->o.min_bs[DDIR_WRITE]);
484                                 c4 = to_kmg(td->o.max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]);
485
486                                 log_info("%s: (g=%d): rw=%s, bs=%s-%s/%s-%s, ioengine=%s, iodepth=%u\n", td->o.name, td->groupid, ddir_str[td->o.td_ddir], c1, c2, c3, c4, td->io_ops->name, td->o.iodepth);
487
488                                 free(c1);
489                                 free(c2);
490                                 free(c3);
491                                 free(c4);
492                         }
493                 } else if (job_add_num == 1)
494                         log_info("...\n");
495         }
496
497         /*
498          * recurse add identical jobs, clear numjobs and stonewall options
499          * as they don't apply to sub-jobs
500          */
501         numjobs = td->o.numjobs;
502         while (--numjobs) {
503                 struct thread_data *td_new = get_new_job(0, td);
504
505                 if (!td_new)
506                         goto err;
507
508                 td_new->o.numjobs = 1;
509                 td_new->o.stonewall = 0;
510                 td_new->o.new_group = 0;
511
512                 if (file_alloced) {
513                         td_new->o.filename = NULL;
514                         td_new->files_index = 0;
515                         td_new->files = NULL;
516                 }
517
518                 job_add_num = numjobs - 1;
519
520                 if (add_job(td_new, jobname, job_add_num))
521                         goto err;
522         }
523
524         return 0;
525 err:
526         put_job(td);
527         return -1;
528 }
529
530 static int is_empty_or_comment(char *line)
531 {
532         unsigned int i;
533
534         for (i = 0; i < strlen(line); i++) {
535                 if (line[i] == ';')
536                         return 1;
537                 if (line[i] == '#')
538                         return 1;
539                 if (!isspace(line[i]) && !iscntrl(line[i]))
540                         return 0;
541         }
542
543         return 1;
544 }
545
546 /*
547  * This is our [ini] type file parser.
548  */
549 static int parse_jobs_ini(char *file, int stonewall_flag)
550 {
551         unsigned int global;
552         struct thread_data *td;
553         char *string, *name;
554         fpos_t off;
555         FILE *f;
556         char *p;
557         int ret = 0, stonewall;
558         int first_sect = 1;
559
560         f = fopen(file, "r");
561         if (!f) {
562                 perror("fopen job file");
563                 return 1;
564         }
565
566         string = malloc(4096);
567
568         /*
569          * it's really 256 + small bit, 280 should suffice
570          */
571         name = malloc(280);
572         memset(name, 0, 280);
573
574         stonewall = stonewall_flag;
575         do {
576                 p = fgets(string, 4095, f);
577                 if (!p)
578                         break;
579
580                 strip_blank_front(&p);
581                 strip_blank_end(p);
582
583                 if (is_empty_or_comment(p))
584                         continue;
585                 if (sscanf(p, "[%255s]", name) != 1) {
586                         log_err("fio: option <%s> outside of [] job section\n", p);
587                         break;
588                 }
589
590                 global = !strncmp(name, "global", 6);
591
592                 name[strlen(name) - 1] = '\0';
593
594                 if (dump_cmdline) {
595                         if (first_sect)
596                                 log_info("fio ");
597                         if (!global)
598                                 log_info("--name=%s ", name);
599                         first_sect = 0;
600                 }
601
602                 td = get_new_job(global, &def_thread);
603                 if (!td) {
604                         ret = 1;
605                         break;
606                 }
607
608                 /*
609                  * Seperate multiple job files by a stonewall
610                  */
611                 if (!global && stonewall) {
612                         td->o.stonewall = stonewall;
613                         stonewall = 0;
614                 }
615
616                 fgetpos(f, &off);
617                 while ((p = fgets(string, 4096, f)) != NULL) {
618                         if (is_empty_or_comment(p))
619                                 continue;
620
621                         strip_blank_front(&p);
622
623                         if (p[0] == '[')
624                                 break;
625
626                         strip_blank_end(p);
627
628                         fgetpos(f, &off);
629
630                         /*
631                          * Don't break here, continue parsing options so we
632                          * dump all the bad ones. Makes trial/error fixups
633                          * easier on the user.
634                          */
635                         ret |= fio_option_parse(td, p);
636                         if (!ret && dump_cmdline)
637                                 log_info("--%s ", p);
638                 }
639
640                 if (!ret) {
641                         fsetpos(f, &off);
642                         ret = add_job(td, name, 0);
643                 } else {
644                         log_err("fio: job %s dropped\n", name);
645                         put_job(td);
646                 }
647         } while (!ret);
648
649         if (dump_cmdline)
650                 log_info("\n");
651
652         free(string);
653         free(name);
654         fclose(f);
655         return ret;
656 }
657
658 static int fill_def_thread(void)
659 {
660         memset(&def_thread, 0, sizeof(def_thread));
661
662         fio_getaffinity(getpid(), &def_thread.o.cpumask);
663
664         /*
665          * fill default options
666          */
667         fio_fill_default_options(&def_thread);
668
669         def_thread.o.timeout = def_timeout;
670         def_thread.o.write_bw_log = write_bw_log;
671         def_thread.o.write_lat_log = write_lat_log;
672
673         return 0;
674 }
675
676 static void free_shm(void)
677 {
678         struct shmid_ds sbuf;
679
680         if (threads) {
681                 shmdt((void *) threads);
682                 threads = NULL;
683                 shmctl(shm_id, IPC_RMID, &sbuf);
684         }
685 }
686
687 /*
688  * The thread area is shared between the main process and the job
689  * threads/processes. So setup a shared memory segment that will hold
690  * all the job info.
691  */
692 static int setup_thread_area(void)
693 {
694         /*
695          * 1024 is too much on some machines, scale max_jobs if
696          * we get a failure that looks like too large a shm segment
697          */
698         do {
699                 size_t size = max_jobs * sizeof(struct thread_data);
700
701                 shm_id = shmget(0, size, IPC_CREAT | 0600);
702                 if (shm_id != -1)
703                         break;
704                 if (errno != EINVAL) {
705                         perror("shmget");
706                         break;
707                 }
708
709                 max_jobs >>= 1;
710         } while (max_jobs);
711
712         if (shm_id == -1)
713                 return 1;
714
715         threads = shmat(shm_id, NULL, 0);
716         if (threads == (void *) -1) {
717                 perror("shmat");
718                 return 1;
719         }
720
721         atexit(free_shm);
722         return 0;
723 }
724
725 static void usage(void)
726 {
727         printf("%s\n", fio_version_string);
728         printf("\t--output\tWrite output to file\n");
729         printf("\t--timeout\tRuntime in seconds\n");
730         printf("\t--latency-log\tGenerate per-job latency logs\n");
731         printf("\t--bandwidth-log\tGenerate per-job bandwidth logs\n");
732         printf("\t--minimal\tMinimal (terse) output\n");
733         printf("\t--version\tPrint version info and exit\n");
734         printf("\t--help\t\tPrint this page\n");
735         printf("\t--cmdhelp=cmd\tPrint command help, \"all\" for all of them\n");
736         printf("\t--showcmd\tTurn a job file into command line options\n");
737 }
738
739 static int parse_cmd_line(int argc, char *argv[])
740 {
741         struct thread_data *td = NULL;
742         int c, ini_idx = 0, lidx, ret, dont_add_job = 0;
743
744         while ((c = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "", long_options, &lidx)) != -1) {
745                 switch (c) {
746                 case 't':
747                         def_timeout = atoi(optarg);
748                         break;
749                 case 'l':
750                         write_lat_log = 1;
751                         break;
752                 case 'w':
753                         write_bw_log = 1;
754                         break;
755                 case 'o':
756                         f_out = fopen(optarg, "w+");
757                         if (!f_out) {
758                                 perror("fopen output");
759                                 exit(1);
760                         }
761                         f_err = f_out;
762                         break;
763                 case 'm':
764                         terse_output = 1;
765                         break;
766                 case 'h':
767                         usage();
768                         exit(0);
769                 case 'c':
770                         exit(fio_show_option_help(optarg));
771                 case 's':
772                         dump_cmdline = 1;
773                         break;
774                 case 'v':
775                         printf("%s\n", fio_version_string);
776                         exit(0);
777                 case FIO_GETOPT_JOB: {
778                         const char *opt = long_options[lidx].name;
779                         char *val = optarg;
780
781                         if (!strncmp(opt, "name", 4) && td) {
782                                 ret = add_job(td, td->o.name ?: "fio", 0);
783                                 if (ret) {
784                                         put_job(td);
785                                         return 0;
786                                 }
787                                 td = NULL;
788                         }
789                         if (!td) {
790                                 int global = 0;
791
792                                 if (strncmp(opt, "name", 4) ||
793                                     !strncmp(val, "global", 6))
794                                         global = 1;
795
796                                 td = get_new_job(global, &def_thread);
797                                 if (!td)
798                                         return 0;
799                         }
800
801                         ret = fio_cmd_option_parse(td, opt, val);
802                         if (ret)
803                                 dont_add_job = 1;
804                         break;
805                 }
806                 default:
807                         break;
808                 }
809         }
810
811         if (td) {
812                 if (dont_add_job)
813                         put_job(td);
814                 else {
815                         ret = add_job(td, td->o.name ?: "fio", 0);
816                         if (ret)
817                                 put_job(td);
818                 }
819         }
820
821         while (optind < argc) {
822                 ini_idx++;
823                 ini_file = realloc(ini_file, ini_idx * sizeof(char *));
824                 ini_file[ini_idx - 1] = strdup(argv[optind]);
825                 optind++;
826         }
827
828         return ini_idx;
829 }
830
831
832 int parse_options(int argc, char *argv[])
833 {
834         int job_files, i;
835
836         f_out = stdout;
837         f_err = stderr;
838
839         fio_options_dup_and_init(long_options);
840
841         if (setup_thread_area())
842                 return 1;
843         if (fill_def_thread())
844                 return 1;
845
846         job_files = parse_cmd_line(argc, argv);
847
848         for (i = 0; i < job_files; i++) {
849                 if (fill_def_thread())
850                         return 1;
851                 if (parse_jobs_ini(ini_file[i], i))
852                         return 1;
853                 free(ini_file[i]);
854         }
855
856         free(ini_file);
857         options_mem_free(&def_thread);
858
859         if (!thread_number) {
860                 if (dump_cmdline)
861                         return 0;
862
863                 log_err("No jobs defined(s)\n");
864                 return 1;
865         }
866
867         return 0;
868 }