fio.c

   1 /*
   2  * fio - the flexible io tester
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2005 Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
   5  * Copyright (C) 2006 Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
   6  *
   7  * The license below covers all files distributed with fio unless otherwise
   8  * noted in the file itself.
   9  *
  10  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  11  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
  12  *  published by the Free Software Foundation.
  13  *
  14  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  15  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  16  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  17  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
  18  *
  19  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  20  *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  21  *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
  22  *
  23  */
  24 #include <unistd.h>
  25 #include <fcntl.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <signal.h>
  28 #include <time.h>
  29 #include <locale.h>
  30 #include <assert.h>
  31 #include <sys/stat.h>
  32 #include <sys/wait.h>
  33 #include <sys/ipc.h>
  34 #include <sys/shm.h>
  35 #include <sys/mman.h>
  36
  37 #include "fio.h"
  38 #include "hash.h"
  39
  40 unsigned long page_mask;
  41 unsigned long page_size;
  42 #define ALIGN(buf)      \
  43         (char *) (((unsigned long) (buf) + page_mask) & ~page_mask)
  44
  45 int groupid = 0;
  46 int thread_number = 0;
  47 int nr_process = 0;
  48 int nr_thread = 0;
  49 int shm_id = 0;
  50 int temp_stall_ts;
  51
  52 static struct fio_sem *startup_sem;
  53 static volatile int fio_abort;
  54 static int exit_value;
  55
  56 struct io_log *agg_io_log[2];
  57
  58 #define TERMINATE_ALL           (-1)
  59 #define JOB_START_TIMEOUT       (5 * 1000)
  60
  61 static inline void td_set_runstate(struct thread_data *td, int runstate)
  62 {
  63         td->runstate = runstate;
  64 }
  65
  66 static void terminate_threads(int group_id)
  67 {
  68         struct thread_data *td;
  69         int i;
  70
  71         for_each_td(td, i) {
  72                 if (group_id == TERMINATE_ALL || groupid == td->groupid) {
  73                         /*
  74                          * if the thread is running, just let it exit
  75                          */
  76                         if (td->runstate < TD_RUNNING)
  77                                 kill(td->pid, SIGQUIT);
  78                         td->terminate = 1;
  79                         td->o.start_delay = 0;
  80                 }
  81         }
  82 }
  83
  84 static void sig_handler(int sig)
  85 {
  86         switch (sig) {
  87                 case SIGALRM:
  88                         update_io_ticks();
  89                         disk_util_timer_arm();
  90                         print_thread_status();
  91                         break;
  92                 default:
  93                         printf("\nfio: terminating on signal %d\n", sig);
  94                         fflush(stdout);
  95                         terminate_threads(TERMINATE_ALL);
  96                         break;
  97         }
  98 }
  99
 100 /*
 101  * Check if we are above the minimum rate given.
 102  */
 103 static int check_min_rate(struct thread_data *td, struct timeval *now)
 104 {
 105         unsigned long long bytes = 0;
 106         unsigned long iops = 0;
 107         unsigned long spent;
 108         unsigned long rate;
 109
 110         /*
 111          * No minimum rate set, always ok
 112          */
 113         if (!td->o.ratemin && !td->o.rate_iops_min)
 114                 return 0;
 115
 116         /*
 117          * allow a 2 second settle period in the beginning
 118          */
 119         if (mtime_since(&td->start, now) < 2000)
 120                 return 0;
 121
 122         if (td_read(td)) {
 123                 iops += td->io_blocks[DDIR_READ];
 124                 bytes += td->this_io_bytes[DDIR_READ];
 125         }
 126         if (td_write(td)) {
 127                 iops += td->io_blocks[DDIR_WRITE];
 128                 bytes += td->this_io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE];
 129         }
 130
 131         /*
 132          * if rate blocks is set, sample is running
 133          */
 134         if (td->rate_bytes || td->rate_blocks) {
 135                 spent = mtime_since(&td->lastrate, now);
 136                 if (spent < td->o.ratecycle)
 137                         return 0;
 138
 139                 if (td->o.rate) {
 140                         /*
 141                          * check bandwidth specified rate
 142                          */
 143                         if (bytes < td->rate_bytes) {
 144                                 log_err("%s: min rate %u not met\n", td->o.name, td->o.ratemin);
 145                                 return 1;
 146                         } else {
 147                                 rate = (bytes - td->rate_bytes) / spent;
 148                                 if (rate < td->o.ratemin || bytes < td->rate_bytes) {
 149                                         log_err("%s: min rate %u not met, got %luKiB/sec\n", td->o.name, td->o.ratemin, rate);
 150                                         return 1;
 151                                 }
 152                         }
 153                 } else {
 154                         /*
 155                          * checks iops specified rate
 156                          */
 157                         if (iops < td->o.rate_iops) {
 158                                 log_err("%s: min iops rate %u not met\n", td->o.name, td->o.rate_iops);
 159                                 return 1;
 160                         } else {
 161                                 rate = (iops - td->rate_blocks) / spent;
 162                                 if (rate < td->o.rate_iops_min || iops < td->rate_blocks) {
 163                                         log_err("%s: min iops rate %u not met, got %lu\n", td->o.name, td->o.rate_iops_min, rate);
 164                                 }
 165                         }
 166                 }
 167         }
 168
 169         td->rate_bytes = bytes;
 170         td->rate_blocks = iops;
 171         memcpy(&td->lastrate, now, sizeof(*now));
 172         return 0;
 173 }
 174
 175 static inline int runtime_exceeded(struct thread_data *td, struct timeval *t)
 176 {
 177         if (!td->o.timeout)
 178                 return 0;
 179         if (mtime_since(&td->epoch, t) >= td->o.timeout * 1000)
 180                 return 1;
 181
 182         return 0;
 183 }
 184
 185 /*
 186  * When job exits, we can cancel the in-flight IO if we are using async
 187  * io. Attempt to do so.
 188  */
 189 static void cleanup_pending_aio(struct thread_data *td)
 190 {
 191         struct list_head *entry, *n;
 192         struct io_u *io_u;
 193         int r;
 194
 195         /*
 196          * get immediately available events, if any
 197          */
 198         r = io_u_queued_complete(td, 0);
 199         if (r < 0)
 200                 return;
 201
 202         /*
 203          * now cancel remaining active events
 204          */
 205         if (td->io_ops->cancel) {
 206                 list_for_each_safe(entry, n, &td->io_u_busylist) {
 207                         io_u = list_entry(entry, struct io_u, list);
 208
 209                         /*
 210                          * if the io_u isn't in flight, then that generally
 211                          * means someone leaked an io_u. complain but fix
 212                          * it up, so we don't stall here.
 213                          */
 214                         if ((io_u->flags & IO_U_F_FLIGHT) == 0) {
 215                                 log_err("fio: non-busy IO on busy list\n");
 216                                 put_io_u(td, io_u);
 217                         } else {
 218                                 r = td->io_ops->cancel(td, io_u);
 219                                 if (!r)
 220                                         put_io_u(td, io_u);
 221                         }
 222                 }
 223         }
 224
 225         if (td->cur_depth)
 226                 r = io_u_queued_complete(td, td->cur_depth);
 227 }
 228
 229 /*
 230  * Helper to handle the final sync of a file. Works just like the normal
 231  * io path, just does everything sync.
 232  */
 233 static int fio_io_sync(struct thread_data *td, struct fio_file *f)
 234 {
 235         struct io_u *io_u = __get_io_u(td);
 236         int ret;
 237
 238         if (!io_u)
 239                 return 1;
 240
 241         io_u->ddir = DDIR_SYNC;
 242         io_u->file = f;
 243
 244         if (td_io_prep(td, io_u)) {
 245                 put_io_u(td, io_u);
 246                 return 1;
 247         }
 248
 249 requeue:
 250         ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
 251         if (ret < 0) {
 252                 td_verror(td, io_u->error, "td_io_queue");
 253                 put_io_u(td, io_u);
 254                 return 1;
 255         } else if (ret == FIO_Q_QUEUED) {
 256                 if (io_u_queued_complete(td, 1) < 0)
 257                         return 1;
 258         } else if (ret == FIO_Q_COMPLETED) {
 259                 if (io_u->error) {
 260                         td_verror(td, io_u->error, "td_io_queue");
 261                         return 1;
 262                 }
 263
 264                 if (io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u) < 0)
 265                         return 1;
 266         } else if (ret == FIO_Q_BUSY) {
 267                 if (td_io_commit(td))
 268                         return 1;
 269                 goto requeue;
 270         }
 271
 272         return 0;
 273 }
 274
 275 /*
 276  * The main verify engine. Runs over the writes we previously submitted,
 277  * reads the blocks back in, and checks the crc/md5 of the data.
 278  */
 279 static void do_verify(struct thread_data *td)
 280 {
 281         struct fio_file *f;
 282         struct io_u *io_u;
 283         int ret, min_events;
 284         unsigned int i;
 285
 286         /*
 287          * sync io first and invalidate cache, to make sure we really
 288          * read from disk.
 289          */
 290         for_each_file(td, f, i) {
 291                 if (!(f->flags & FIO_FILE_OPEN))
 292                         continue;
 293                 if (fio_io_sync(td, f))
 294                         break;
 295                 if (file_invalidate_cache(td, f))
 296                         break;
 297         }
 298
 299         if (td->error)
 300                 return;
 301
 302         td_set_runstate(td, TD_VERIFYING);
 303
 304         io_u = NULL;
 305         while (!td->terminate) {
 306                 int ret2;
 307
 308                 io_u = __get_io_u(td);
 309                 if (!io_u)
 310                         break;
 311
 312                 if (runtime_exceeded(td, &io_u->start_time)) {
 313                         put_io_u(td, io_u);
 314                         td->terminate = 1;
 315                         break;
 316                 }
 317
 318                 if (get_next_verify(td, io_u)) {
 319                         put_io_u(td, io_u);
 320                         break;
 321                 }
 322
 323                 if (td_io_prep(td, io_u)) {
 324                         put_io_u(td, io_u);
 325                         break;
 326                 }
 327
 328                 io_u->end_io = verify_io_u;
 329
 330                 ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
 331                 switch (ret) {
 332                 case FIO_Q_COMPLETED:
 333                         if (io_u->error)
 334                                 ret = -io_u->error;
 335                         else if (io_u->resid) {
 336                                 int bytes = io_u->xfer_buflen - io_u->resid;
 337                                 struct fio_file *f = io_u->file;
 338
 339                                 /*
 340                                  * zero read, fail
 341                                  */
 342                                 if (!bytes) {
 343                                         td_verror(td, ENODATA, "full resid");
 344                                         put_io_u(td, io_u);
 345                                         break;
 346                                 }
 347
 348                                 io_u->xfer_buflen = io_u->resid;
 349                                 io_u->xfer_buf += bytes;
 350                                 io_u->offset += bytes;
 351                                 f->last_completed_pos = io_u->offset;
 352
 353                                 td->ts.short_io_u[io_u->ddir]++;
 354
 355                                 if (io_u->offset == f->real_file_size)
 356                                         goto sync_done;
 357
 358                                 requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
 359                         } else {
 360 sync_done:
 361                                 ret = io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u);
 362                                 if (ret < 0)
 363                                         break;
 364                         }
 365                         continue;
 366                 case FIO_Q_QUEUED:
 367                         break;
 368                 case FIO_Q_BUSY:
 369                         requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
 370                         ret2 = td_io_commit(td);
 371                         if (ret2 < 0)
 372                                 ret = ret2;
 373                         break;
 374                 default:
 375                         assert(ret < 0);
 376                         td_verror(td, -ret, "td_io_queue");
 377                         break;
 378                 }
 379
 380                 if (ret < 0 || td->error)
 381                         break;
 382
 383                 /*
 384                  * if we can queue more, do so. but check if there are
 385                  * completed io_u's first.
 386                  */
 387                 min_events = 0;
 388                 if (queue_full(td) || ret == FIO_Q_BUSY) {
 389                         min_events = 1;
 390
 391                         if (td->cur_depth > td->o.iodepth_low)
 392                                 min_events = td->cur_depth - td->o.iodepth_low;
 393                 }
 394
 395                 /*
 396                  * Reap required number of io units, if any, and do the
 397                  * verification on them through the callback handler
 398                  */
 399                 if (io_u_queued_complete(td, min_events) < 0)
 400                         break;
 401         }
 402
 403         if (!td->error) {
 404                 min_events = td->cur_depth;
 405
 406                 if (min_events)
 407                         ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, min_events);
 408         } else
 409                 cleanup_pending_aio(td);
 410
 411         td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
 412 }
 413
 414 /*
 415  * Main IO worker function. It retrieves io_u's to process and queues
 416  * and reaps them, checking for rate and errors along the way.
 417  */
 418 static void do_io(struct thread_data *td)
 419 {
 420         struct timeval s;
 421         unsigned long usec;
 422         unsigned int i;
 423         int ret = 0;
 424
 425         td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
 426
 427         while ((td->this_io_bytes[0] + td->this_io_bytes[1]) < td->o.size) {
 428                 struct timeval comp_time;
 429                 long bytes_done = 0;
 430                 int min_evts = 0;
 431                 struct io_u *io_u;
 432                 int ret2;
 433
 434                 if (td->terminate)
 435                         break;
 436
 437                 io_u = get_io_u(td);
 438                 if (!io_u)
 439                         break;
 440
 441                 memcpy(&s, &io_u->start_time, sizeof(s));
 442
 443                 if (runtime_exceeded(td, &s)) {
 444                         put_io_u(td, io_u);
 445                         td->terminate = 1;
 446                         break;
 447                 }
 448
 449                 ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
 450                 switch (ret) {
 451                 case FIO_Q_COMPLETED:
 452                         if (io_u->error)
 453                                 ret = -io_u->error;
 454                         else if (io_u->resid) {
 455                                 int bytes = io_u->xfer_buflen - io_u->resid;
 456                                 struct fio_file *f = io_u->file;
 457
 458                                 /*
 459                                  * zero read, fail
 460                                  */
 461                                 if (!bytes) {
 462                                         td_verror(td, ENODATA, "full resid");
 463                                         put_io_u(td, io_u);
 464                                         break;
 465                                 }
 466
 467                                 io_u->xfer_buflen = io_u->resid;
 468                                 io_u->xfer_buf += bytes;
 469                                 io_u->offset += bytes;
 470                                 f->last_completed_pos = io_u->offset;
 471
 472                                 td->ts.short_io_u[io_u->ddir]++;
 473
 474                                 if (io_u->offset == f->real_file_size)
 475                                         goto sync_done;
 476
 477                                 requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
 478                         } else {
 479 sync_done:
 480                                 fio_gettime(&comp_time, NULL);
 481                                 bytes_done = io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u);
 482                                 if (bytes_done < 0)
 483                                         ret = bytes_done;
 484                         }
 485                         break;
 486                 case FIO_Q_QUEUED:
 487                         /*
 488                          * if the engine doesn't have a commit hook,
 489                          * the io_u is really queued. if it does have such
 490                          * a hook, it has to call io_u_queued() itself.
 491                          */
 492                         if (td->io_ops->commit == NULL)
 493                                 io_u_queued(td, io_u);
 494                         break;
 495                 case FIO_Q_BUSY:
 496                         requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
 497                         ret2 = td_io_commit(td);
 498                         if (ret2 < 0)
 499                                 ret = ret2;
 500                         break;
 501                 default:
 502                         assert(ret < 0);
 503                         put_io_u(td, io_u);
 504                         break;
 505                 }
 506
 507                 if (ret < 0 || td->error)
 508                         break;
 509
 510                 /*
 511                  * See if we need to complete some commands
 512                  */
 513                 if (ret == FIO_Q_QUEUED || ret == FIO_Q_BUSY) {
 514                         min_evts = 0;
 515                         if (queue_full(td) || ret == FIO_Q_BUSY) {
 516                                 min_evts = 1;
 517
 518                                 if (td->cur_depth > td->o.iodepth_low)
 519                                         min_evts = td->cur_depth - td->o.iodepth_low;
 520                         }
 521
 522                         fio_gettime(&comp_time, NULL);
 523                         bytes_done = io_u_queued_complete(td, min_evts);
 524                         if (bytes_done < 0)
 525                                 break;
 526                 }
 527
 528                 if (!bytes_done)
 529                         continue;
 530
 531                 /*
 532                  * the rate is batched for now, it should work for batches
 533                  * of completions except the very first one which may look
 534                  * a little bursty
 535                  */
 536                 usec = utime_since(&s, &comp_time);
 537
 538                 rate_throttle(td, usec, bytes_done);
 539
 540                 if (check_min_rate(td, &comp_time)) {
 541                         if (exitall_on_terminate)
 542                                 terminate_threads(td->groupid);
 543                         td_verror(td, ENODATA, "check_min_rate");
 544                         break;
 545                 }
 546
 547                 if (td->o.thinktime) {
 548                         unsigned long long b;
 549
 550                         b = td->io_blocks[0] + td->io_blocks[1];
 551                         if (!(b % td->o.thinktime_blocks)) {
 552                                 int left;
 553
 554                                 if (td->o.thinktime_spin)
 555                                         __usec_sleep(td->o.thinktime_spin);
 556
 557                                 left = td->o.thinktime - td->o.thinktime_spin;
 558                                 if (left)
 559                                         usec_sleep(td, left);
 560                         }
 561                 }
 562         }
 563
 564         if (!td->error) {
 565                 struct fio_file *f;
 566
 567                 i = td->cur_depth;
 568                 if (i)
 569                         ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, i);
 570
 571                 if (should_fsync(td) && td->o.end_fsync) {
 572                         td_set_runstate(td, TD_FSYNCING);
 573
 574                         for_each_file(td, f, i) {
 575                                 if (!(f->flags & FIO_FILE_OPEN))
 576                                         continue;
 577                                 fio_io_sync(td, f);
 578                         }
 579                 }
 580         } else
 581                 cleanup_pending_aio(td);
 582 }
 583
 584 static void cleanup_io_u(struct thread_data *td)
 585 {
 586         struct list_head *entry, *n;
 587         struct io_u *io_u;
 588
 589         list_for_each_safe(entry, n, &td->io_u_freelist) {
 590                 io_u = list_entry(entry, struct io_u, list);
 591
 592                 list_del(&io_u->list);
 593                 free(io_u);
 594         }
 595
 596         free_io_mem(td);
 597 }
 598
 599 /*
 600  * "randomly" fill the buffer contents
 601  */
 602 static void fill_io_buf(struct thread_data *td, struct io_u *io_u, int max_bs)
 603 {
 604         long *ptr = io_u->buf;
 605
 606         if (!td->o.zero_buffers) {
 607                 while ((void *) ptr - io_u->buf < max_bs) {
 608                         *ptr = rand() * GOLDEN_RATIO_PRIME;
 609                         ptr++;
 610                 }
 611         } else
 612                 memset(ptr, 0, max_bs);
 613 }
 614
 615 static int init_io_u(struct thread_data *td)
 616 {
 617         struct io_u *io_u;
 618         unsigned int max_bs;
 619         int i, max_units;
 620         char *p;
 621
 622         if (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_SYNCIO)
 623                 max_units = 1;
 624         else
 625                 max_units = td->o.iodepth;
 626
 627         max_bs = max(td->o.max_bs[DDIR_READ], td->o.max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]);
 628         td->orig_buffer_size = (unsigned long long) max_bs * (unsigned long long) max_units;
 629
 630         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_SHMHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE)
 631                 td->orig_buffer_size = (td->orig_buffer_size + td->o.hugepage_size - 1) & ~(td->o.hugepage_size - 1);
 632
 633         if (td->orig_buffer_size != (size_t) td->orig_buffer_size) {
 634                 log_err("fio: IO memory too large. Reduce max_bs or iodepth\n");
 635                 return 1;
 636         }
 637
 638         if (allocate_io_mem(td))
 639                 return 1;
 640
 641         p = ALIGN(td->orig_buffer);
 642         for (i = 0; i < max_units; i++) {
 643                 if (td->terminate)
 644                         return 1;
 645                 io_u = malloc(sizeof(*io_u));
 646                 memset(io_u, 0, sizeof(*io_u));
 647                 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&io_u->list);
 648
 649                 io_u->buf = p + max_bs * i;
 650
 651                 if (td_write(td))
 652                         fill_io_buf(td, io_u, max_bs);
 653
 654                 io_u->index = i;
 655                 io_u->flags = IO_U_F_FREE;
 656                 list_add(&io_u->list, &td->io_u_freelist);
 657         }
 658
 659         io_u_init_timeout();
 660
 661         return 0;
 662 }
 663
 664 static int switch_ioscheduler(struct thread_data *td)
 665 {
 666         char tmp[256], tmp2[128];
 667         FILE *f;
 668         int ret;
 669
 670         if (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_DISKLESSIO)
 671                 return 0;
 672
 673         sprintf(tmp, "%s/queue/scheduler", td->sysfs_root);
 674
 675         f = fopen(tmp, "r+");
 676         if (!f) {
 677                 if (errno == ENOENT) {
 678                         log_err("fio: os or kernel doesn't support IO scheduler switching\n");
 679                         return 0;
 680                 }
 681                 td_verror(td, errno, "fopen iosched");
 682                 return 1;
 683         }
 684
 685         /*
 686          * Set io scheduler.
 687          */
 688         ret = fwrite(td->o.ioscheduler, strlen(td->o.ioscheduler), 1, f);
 689         if (ferror(f) || ret != 1) {
 690                 td_verror(td, errno, "fwrite");
 691                 fclose(f);
 692                 return 1;
 693         }
 694
 695         rewind(f);
 696
 697         /*
 698          * Read back and check that the selected scheduler is now the default.
 699          */
 700         ret = fread(tmp, 1, sizeof(tmp), f);
 701         if (ferror(f) || ret < 0) {
 702                 td_verror(td, errno, "fread");
 703                 fclose(f);
 704                 return 1;
 705         }
 706
 707         sprintf(tmp2, "[%s]", td->o.ioscheduler);
 708         if (!strstr(tmp, tmp2)) {
 709                 log_err("fio: io scheduler %s not found\n", td->o.ioscheduler);
 710                 td_verror(td, EINVAL, "iosched_switch");
 711                 fclose(f);
 712                 return 1;
 713         }
 714
 715         fclose(f);
 716         return 0;
 717 }
 718
 719 static int keep_running(struct thread_data *td)
 720 {
 721         unsigned long long io_done;
 722
 723         if (td->o.time_based)
 724                 return 1;
 725         if (td->o.loops) {
 726                 td->o.loops--;
 727                 return 1;
 728         }
 729
 730         io_done = td->io_bytes[DDIR_READ] + td->io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE];
 731         if (io_done < td->o.size)
 732                 return 1;
 733
 734         return 0;
 735 }
 736
 737 static int clear_io_state(struct thread_data *td)
 738 {
 739         struct fio_file *f;
 740         unsigned int i;
 741         int ret;
 742
 743         td->ts.stat_io_bytes[0] = td->ts.stat_io_bytes[1] = 0;
 744         td->this_io_bytes[0] = td->this_io_bytes[1] = 0;
 745         td->zone_bytes = 0;
 746         td->rate_bytes = 0;
 747         td->rate_blocks = 0;
 748         td->rw_end_set[0] = td->rw_end_set[1] = 0;
 749
 750         td->last_was_sync = 0;
 751
 752         td->nr_done_files = 0;
 753
 754         for_each_file(td, f, i)
 755                 td_io_close_file(td, f);
 756
 757         ret = 0;
 758         for_each_file(td, f, i) {
 759                 f->flags &= ~FIO_FILE_DONE;
 760                 ret = td_io_open_file(td, f);
 761                 if (ret)
 762                         break;
 763         }
 764
 765         return ret;
 766 }
 767
 768 /*
 769  * Entry point for the thread based jobs. The process based jobs end up
 770  * here as well, after a little setup.
 771  */
 772 static void *thread_main(void *data)
 773 {
 774         unsigned long long runtime[2];
 775         struct thread_data *td = data;
 776         unsigned long elapsed;
 777         int clear_state;
 778
 779         if (!td->o.use_thread)
 780                 setsid();
 781
 782         td->pid = getpid();
 783
 784         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&td->io_u_freelist);
 785         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&td->io_u_busylist);
 786         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&td->io_u_requeues);
 787         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&td->io_log_list);
 788         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&td->io_hist_list);
 789         td->io_hist_tree = RB_ROOT;
 790
 791         td_set_runstate(td, TD_INITIALIZED);
 792         fio_sem_up(startup_sem);
 793         fio_sem_down(td->mutex);
 794
 795         /*
 796          * the ->mutex semaphore is now no longer used, close it to avoid
 797          * eating a file descriptor
 798          */
 799         fio_sem_remove(td->mutex);
 800
 801         /*
 802          * May alter parameters that init_io_u() will use, so we need to
 803          * do this first.
 804          */
 805         if (init_iolog(td))
 806                 goto err;
 807
 808         if (init_io_u(td))
 809                 goto err;
 810
 811         if (td->o.cpumask_set && fio_setaffinity(td) == -1) {
 812                 td_verror(td, errno, "cpu_set_affinity");
 813                 goto err;
 814         }
 815
 816         if (td->ioprio) {
 817                 if (ioprio_set(IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS, 0, td->ioprio) == -1) {
 818                         td_verror(td, errno, "ioprio_set");
 819                         goto err;
 820                 }
 821         }
 822
 823         if (nice(td->o.nice) == -1) {
 824                 td_verror(td, errno, "nice");
 825                 goto err;
 826         }
 827
 828         if (td->o.ioscheduler && switch_ioscheduler(td))
 829                 goto err;
 830
 831         if (!td->o.create_serialize && setup_files(td))
 832                 goto err;
 833
 834         if (td_io_init(td))
 835                 goto err;
 836
 837         if (open_files(td))
 838                 goto err;
 839
 840         if (init_random_map(td))
 841                 goto err;
 842
 843         if (td->o.exec_prerun) {
 844                 if (system(td->o.exec_prerun) < 0)
 845                         goto err;
 846         }
 847
 848         fio_gettime(&td->epoch, NULL);
 849         memcpy(&td->timeout_end, &td->epoch, sizeof(td->epoch));
 850         getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &td->ts.ru_start);
 851
 852         runtime[0] = runtime[1] = 0;
 853         clear_state = 0;
 854         while (keep_running(td)) {
 855                 fio_gettime(&td->start, NULL);
 856                 memcpy(&td->ts.stat_sample_time, &td->start, sizeof(td->start));
 857
 858                 if (td->o.ratemin)
 859                         memcpy(&td->lastrate, &td->ts.stat_sample_time, sizeof(td->lastrate));
 860
 861                 if (clear_state && clear_io_state(td))
 862                         break;
 863
 864                 prune_io_piece_log(td);
 865
 866                 do_io(td);
 867
 868                 clear_state = 1;
 869
 870                 if (td_read(td) && td->io_bytes[DDIR_READ]) {
 871                         if (td->rw_end_set[DDIR_READ])
 872                                 elapsed = utime_since(&td->start, &td->rw_end[DDIR_READ]);
 873                         else
 874                                 elapsed = utime_since_now(&td->start);
 875
 876                         runtime[DDIR_READ] += elapsed;
 877                 }
 878                 if (td_write(td) && td->io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE]) {
 879                         if (td->rw_end_set[DDIR_WRITE])
 880                                 elapsed = utime_since(&td->start, &td->rw_end[DDIR_WRITE]);
 881                         else
 882                                 elapsed = utime_since_now(&td->start);
 883
 884                         runtime[DDIR_WRITE] += elapsed;
 885                 }
 886
 887                 if (td->error || td->terminate)
 888                         break;
 889
 890                 if (td->o.verify == VERIFY_NONE)
 891                         continue;
 892
 893                 if (clear_io_state(td))
 894                         break;
 895
 896                 fio_gettime(&td->start, NULL);
 897
 898                 do_verify(td);
 899
 900                 runtime[DDIR_READ] += utime_since_now(&td->start);
 901
 902                 if (td->error || td->terminate)
 903                         break;
 904         }
 905
 906         update_rusage_stat(td);
 907         td->ts.runtime[0] = runtime[0] / 1000;
 908         td->ts.runtime[1] = runtime[1] / 1000;
 909         td->ts.total_run_time = mtime_since_now(&td->epoch);
 910         td->ts.io_bytes[0] = td->io_bytes[0];
 911         td->ts.io_bytes[1] = td->io_bytes[1];
 912
 913         if (td->ts.bw_log)
 914                 finish_log(td, td->ts.bw_log, "bw");
 915         if (td->ts.slat_log)
 916                 finish_log(td, td->ts.slat_log, "slat");
 917         if (td->ts.clat_log)
 918                 finish_log(td, td->ts.clat_log, "clat");
 919         if (td->o.write_iolog_file)
 920                 write_iolog_close(td);
 921         if (td->o.exec_postrun) {
 922                 if (system(td->o.exec_postrun) < 0)
 923                         log_err("fio: postrun %s failed\n", td->o.exec_postrun);
 924         }
 925
 926         if (exitall_on_terminate)
 927                 terminate_threads(td->groupid);
 928
 929 err:
 930         if (td->error)
 931                 printf("fio: pid=%d, err=%d/%s\n", td->pid, td->error, td->verror);
 932         close_files(td);
 933         close_ioengine(td);
 934         cleanup_io_u(td);
 935         options_mem_free(td);
 936         td_set_runstate(td, TD_EXITED);
 937         return (void *) (unsigned long) td->error;
 938 }
 939
 940 /*
 941  * We cannot pass the td data into a forked process, so attach the td and
 942  * pass it to the thread worker.
 943  */
 944 static int fork_main(int shmid, int offset)
 945 {
 946         struct thread_data *td;
 947         void *data, *ret;
 948
 949         data = shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);
 950         if (data == (void *) -1) {
 951                 int __err = errno;
 952
 953                 perror("shmat");
 954                 return __err;
 955         }
 956
 957         td = data + offset * sizeof(struct thread_data);
 958         ret = thread_main(td);
 959         shmdt(data);
 960         return (int) (unsigned long) ret;
 961 }
 962
 963 /*
 964  * Run over the job map and reap the threads that have exited, if any.
 965  */
 966 static void reap_threads(int *nr_running, int *t_rate, int *m_rate)
 967 {
 968         struct thread_data *td;
 969         int i, cputhreads, pending, status, ret;
 970
 971         /*
 972          * reap exited threads (TD_EXITED -> TD_REAPED)
 973          */
 974         pending = cputhreads = 0;
 975         for_each_td(td, i) {
 976                 int flags = 0;
 977
 978                 /*
 979                  * ->io_ops is NULL for a thread that has closed its
 980                  * io engine
 981                  */
 982                 if (td->io_ops && !strcmp(td->io_ops->name, "cpuio"))
 983                         cputhreads++;
 984
 985                 if (!td->pid || td->runstate == TD_REAPED)
 986                         continue;
 987                 if (td->o.use_thread) {
 988                         if (td->runstate == TD_EXITED) {
 989                                 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
 990                                 goto reaped;
 991                         }
 992                         continue;
 993                 }
 994
 995                 flags = WNOHANG;
 996                 if (td->runstate == TD_EXITED)
 997                         flags = 0;
 998
 999                 /*
1000                  * check if someone quit or got killed in an unusual way
1001                  */
1002                 ret = waitpid(td->pid, &status, flags);
1003                 if (ret < 0) {
1004                         if (errno == ECHILD) {
1005                                 log_err("fio: pid=%d disappeared %d\n", td->pid, td->runstate);
1006                                 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1007                                 goto reaped;
1008                         }
1009                         perror("waitpid");
1010                 } else if (ret == td->pid) {
1011                         if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
1012                                 int sig = WTERMSIG(status);
1013
1014                                 if (sig != SIGQUIT)
1015                                         log_err("fio: pid=%d, got signal=%d\n", td->pid, sig);
1016                                 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1017                                 goto reaped;
1018                         }
1019                         if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
1020                                 if (WEXITSTATUS(status) && !td->error)
1021                                         td->error = WEXITSTATUS(status);
1022
1023                                 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1024                                 goto reaped;
1025                         }
1026                 }
1027
1028                 /*
1029                  * thread is not dead, continue
1030                  */
1031                 pending++;
1032                 continue;
1033 reaped:
1034                 if (td->o.use_thread) {
1035                         long ret;
1036
1037                         if (pthread_join(td->thread, (void *) &ret))
1038                                 perror("pthread_join");
1039                 }
1040
1041                 (*nr_running)--;
1042                 (*m_rate) -= td->o.ratemin;
1043                 (*t_rate) -= td->o.rate;
1044                 pending--;
1045
1046                 if (td->error)
1047                         exit_value++;
1048         }
1049
1050         if (*nr_running == cputhreads && !pending)
1051                 terminate_threads(TERMINATE_ALL);
1052 }
1053
1054 /*
1055  * Main function for kicking off and reaping jobs, as needed.
1056  */
1057 static void run_threads(void)
1058 {
1059         struct thread_data *td;
1060         unsigned long spent;
1061         int i, todo, nr_running, m_rate, t_rate, nr_started;
1062
1063         if (fio_pin_memory())
1064                 return;
1065
1066         if (!terse_output) {
1067                 printf("Starting ");
1068                 if (nr_thread)
1069                         printf("%d thread%s", nr_thread, nr_thread > 1 ? "s" : "");
1070                 if (nr_process) {
1071                         if (nr_thread)
1072                                 printf(" and ");
1073                         printf("%d process%s", nr_process, nr_process > 1 ? "es" : "");
1074                 }
1075                 printf("\n");
1076                 fflush(stdout);
1077         }
1078
1079         signal(SIGINT, sig_handler);
1080         signal(SIGALRM, sig_handler);
1081
1082         todo = thread_number;
1083         nr_running = 0;
1084         nr_started = 0;
1085         m_rate = t_rate = 0;
1086
1087         for_each_td(td, i) {
1088                 print_status_init(td->thread_number - 1);
1089
1090                 if (!td->o.create_serialize) {
1091                         init_disk_util(td);
1092                         continue;
1093                 }
1094
1095                 /*
1096                  * do file setup here so it happens sequentially,
1097                  * we don't want X number of threads getting their
1098                  * client data interspersed on disk
1099                  */
1100                 if (setup_files(td)) {
1101                         exit_value++;
1102                         if (td->error)
1103                                 log_err("fio: pid=%d, err=%d/%s\n", td->pid, td->error, td->verror);
1104                         td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1105                         todo--;
1106                 }
1107
1108                 init_disk_util(td);
1109         }
1110
1111         set_genesis_time();
1112
1113         while (todo) {
1114                 struct thread_data *map[MAX_JOBS];
1115                 struct timeval this_start;
1116                 int this_jobs = 0, left;
1117
1118                 /*
1119                  * create threads (TD_NOT_CREATED -> TD_CREATED)
1120                  */
1121                 for_each_td(td, i) {
1122                         if (td->runstate != TD_NOT_CREATED)
1123                                 continue;
1124
1125                         /*
1126                          * never got a chance to start, killed by other
1127                          * thread for some reason
1128                          */
1129                         if (td->terminate) {
1130                                 todo--;
1131                                 continue;
1132                         }
1133
1134                         if (td->o.start_delay) {
1135                                 spent = mtime_since_genesis();
1136
1137                                 if (td->o.start_delay * 1000 > spent)
1138                                         continue;
1139                         }
1140
1141                         if (td->o.stonewall && (nr_started || nr_running))
1142                                 break;
1143
1144                         /*
1145                          * Set state to created. Thread will transition
1146                          * to TD_INITIALIZED when it's done setting up.
1147                          */
1148                         td_set_runstate(td, TD_CREATED);
1149                         map[this_jobs++] = td;
1150                         nr_started++;
1151
1152                         if (td->o.use_thread) {
1153                                 if (pthread_create(&td->thread, NULL, thread_main, td)) {
1154                                         perror("thread_create");
1155                                         nr_started--;
1156                                         break;
1157                                 }
1158                         } else {
1159                                 if (!fork()) {
1160                                         int ret = fork_main(shm_id, i);
1161
1162                                         exit(ret);
1163                                 }
1164                         }
1165                         fio_sem_down(startup_sem);
1166                 }
1167
1168                 /*
1169                  * Wait for the started threads to transition to
1170                  * TD_INITIALIZED.
1171                  */
1172                 fio_gettime(&this_start, NULL);
1173                 left = this_jobs;
1174                 while (left && !fio_abort) {
1175                         if (mtime_since_now(&this_start) > JOB_START_TIMEOUT)
1176                                 break;
1177
1178                         usleep(100000);
1179
1180                         for (i = 0; i < this_jobs; i++) {
1181                                 td = map[i];
1182                                 if (!td)
1183                                         continue;
1184                                 if (td->runstate == TD_INITIALIZED) {
1185                                         map[i] = NULL;
1186                                         left--;
1187                                 } else if (td->runstate >= TD_EXITED) {
1188                                         map[i] = NULL;
1189                                         left--;
1190                                         todo--;
1191                                         nr_running++; /* work-around... */
1192                                 }
1193                         }
1194                 }
1195
1196                 if (left) {
1197                         log_err("fio: %d jobs failed to start\n", left);
1198                         for (i = 0; i < this_jobs; i++) {
1199                                 td = map[i];
1200                                 if (!td)
1201                                         continue;
1202                                 kill(td->pid, SIGTERM);
1203                         }
1204                         break;
1205                 }
1206
1207                 /*
1208                  * start created threads (TD_INITIALIZED -> TD_RUNNING).
1209                  */
1210                 for_each_td(td, i) {
1211                         if (td->runstate != TD_INITIALIZED)
1212                                 continue;
1213
1214                         td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
1215                         nr_running++;
1216                         nr_started--;
1217                         m_rate += td->o.ratemin;
1218                         t_rate += td->o.rate;
1219                         todo--;
1220                         fio_sem_up(td->mutex);
1221                 }
1222
1223                 reap_threads(&nr_running, &t_rate, &m_rate);
1224
1225                 if (todo)
1226                         usleep(100000);
1227         }
1228
1229         while (nr_running) {
1230                 reap_threads(&nr_running, &t_rate, &m_rate);
1231                 usleep(10000);
1232         }
1233
1234         update_io_ticks();
1235         fio_unpin_memory();
1236 }
1237
1238 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
1239 {
1240         long ps;
1241
1242         /*
1243          * We need locale for number printing, if it isn't set then just
1244          * go with the US format.
1245          */
1246         if (!getenv("LC_NUMERIC"))
1247                 setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "en_US");
1248
1249         if (parse_options(argc, argv))
1250                 return 1;
1251
1252         if (!thread_number)
1253                 return 0;
1254
1255         ps = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
1256         if (ps < 0) {
1257                 log_err("Failed to get page size\n");
1258                 return 1;
1259         }
1260
1261         page_size = ps;
1262         page_mask = ps - 1;
1263
1264         if (write_bw_log) {
1265                 setup_log(&agg_io_log[DDIR_READ]);
1266                 setup_log(&agg_io_log[DDIR_WRITE]);
1267         }
1268
1269         startup_sem = fio_sem_init(0);
1270
1271         set_genesis_time();
1272
1273         disk_util_timer_arm();
1274
1275         run_threads();
1276
1277         if (!fio_abort) {
1278                 show_run_stats();
1279                 if (write_bw_log) {
1280                         __finish_log(agg_io_log[DDIR_READ],"agg-read_bw.log");
1281                         __finish_log(agg_io_log[DDIR_WRITE],"agg-write_bw.log");
1282                 }
1283         }
1284
1285         fio_sem_remove(startup_sem);
1286         return exit_value;
1287 }