2 * fio - the flexible io tester
4 * Copyright (C) 2005 Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
5 * Copyright (C) 2006-2012 Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
7 * The license below covers all files distributed with fio unless otherwise
8 * noted in the file itself.
10 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
12 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
14 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
17 * GNU General Public License for more details.
19 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
21 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
40 #ifndef FIO_NO_HAVE_SHM_H
53 #include "lib/getrusage.h"
58 static pthread_t helper_thread;
59 static pthread_mutex_t helper_lock;
60 pthread_cond_t helper_cond;
61 int helper_do_stat = 0;
63 static struct fio_mutex *startup_mutex;
64 static struct flist_head *cgroup_list;
65 static char *cgroup_mnt;
66 static int exit_value;
67 static volatile int fio_abort;
68 static unsigned int nr_process = 0;
69 static unsigned int nr_thread = 0;
71 struct io_log *agg_io_log[DDIR_RWDIR_CNT];
74 unsigned int thread_number = 0;
75 unsigned int stat_number = 0;
78 unsigned long done_secs = 0;
79 volatile int helper_exit = 0;
81 #define PAGE_ALIGN(buf) \
82 (char *) (((uintptr_t) (buf) + page_mask) & ~page_mask)
84 #define JOB_START_TIMEOUT (5 * 1000)
86 static void sig_int(int sig)
90 fio_server_got_signal(sig);
92 log_info("\nfio: terminating on signal %d\n", sig);
97 fio_terminate_threads(TERMINATE_ALL);
101 static void sig_show_status(int sig)
103 show_running_run_stats();
106 static void set_sig_handlers(void)
108 struct sigaction act;
110 memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
111 act.sa_handler = sig_int;
112 act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
113 sigaction(SIGINT, &act, NULL);
115 memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
116 act.sa_handler = sig_int;
117 act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
118 sigaction(SIGTERM, &act, NULL);
120 /* Windows uses SIGBREAK as a quit signal from other applications */
122 memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
123 act.sa_handler = sig_int;
124 act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
125 sigaction(SIGBREAK, &act, NULL);
128 memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
129 act.sa_handler = sig_show_status;
130 act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
131 sigaction(SIGUSR1, &act, NULL);
134 memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
135 act.sa_handler = sig_int;
136 act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
137 sigaction(SIGPIPE, &act, NULL);
142 * Check if we are above the minimum rate given.
144 static int __check_min_rate(struct thread_data *td, struct timeval *now,
147 unsigned long long bytes = 0;
148 unsigned long iops = 0;
151 unsigned int ratemin = 0;
152 unsigned int rate_iops = 0;
153 unsigned int rate_iops_min = 0;
155 assert(ddir_rw(ddir));
157 if (!td->o.ratemin[ddir] && !td->o.rate_iops_min[ddir])
161 * allow a 2 second settle period in the beginning
163 if (mtime_since(&td->start, now) < 2000)
166 iops += td->this_io_blocks[ddir];
167 bytes += td->this_io_bytes[ddir];
168 ratemin += td->o.ratemin[ddir];
169 rate_iops += td->o.rate_iops[ddir];
170 rate_iops_min += td->o.rate_iops_min[ddir];
173 * if rate blocks is set, sample is running
175 if (td->rate_bytes[ddir] || td->rate_blocks[ddir]) {
176 spent = mtime_since(&td->lastrate[ddir], now);
177 if (spent < td->o.ratecycle)
180 if (td->o.rate[ddir]) {
182 * check bandwidth specified rate
184 if (bytes < td->rate_bytes[ddir]) {
185 log_err("%s: min rate %u not met\n", td->o.name,
190 rate = ((bytes - td->rate_bytes[ddir]) * 1000) / spent;
194 if (rate < ratemin ||
195 bytes < td->rate_bytes[ddir]) {
196 log_err("%s: min rate %u not met, got"
197 " %luKB/sec\n", td->o.name,
204 * checks iops specified rate
206 if (iops < rate_iops) {
207 log_err("%s: min iops rate %u not met\n",
208 td->o.name, rate_iops);
212 rate = ((iops - td->rate_blocks[ddir]) * 1000) / spent;
216 if (rate < rate_iops_min ||
217 iops < td->rate_blocks[ddir]) {
218 log_err("%s: min iops rate %u not met,"
219 " got %lu\n", td->o.name,
220 rate_iops_min, rate);
226 td->rate_bytes[ddir] = bytes;
227 td->rate_blocks[ddir] = iops;
228 memcpy(&td->lastrate[ddir], now, sizeof(*now));
232 static int check_min_rate(struct thread_data *td, struct timeval *now,
233 uint64_t *bytes_done)
237 if (bytes_done[DDIR_READ])
238 ret |= __check_min_rate(td, now, DDIR_READ);
239 if (bytes_done[DDIR_WRITE])
240 ret |= __check_min_rate(td, now, DDIR_WRITE);
241 if (bytes_done[DDIR_TRIM])
242 ret |= __check_min_rate(td, now, DDIR_TRIM);
248 * When job exits, we can cancel the in-flight IO if we are using async
249 * io. Attempt to do so.
251 static void cleanup_pending_aio(struct thread_data *td)
256 * get immediately available events, if any
258 r = io_u_queued_complete(td, 0, NULL);
263 * now cancel remaining active events
265 if (td->io_ops->cancel) {
269 io_u_qiter(&td->io_u_all, io_u, i) {
270 if (io_u->flags & IO_U_F_FLIGHT) {
271 r = td->io_ops->cancel(td, io_u);
279 r = io_u_queued_complete(td, td->cur_depth, NULL);
283 * Helper to handle the final sync of a file. Works just like the normal
284 * io path, just does everything sync.
286 static int fio_io_sync(struct thread_data *td, struct fio_file *f)
288 struct io_u *io_u = __get_io_u(td);
294 io_u->ddir = DDIR_SYNC;
297 if (td_io_prep(td, io_u)) {
303 ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
305 td_verror(td, io_u->error, "td_io_queue");
308 } else if (ret == FIO_Q_QUEUED) {
309 if (io_u_queued_complete(td, 1, NULL) < 0)
311 } else if (ret == FIO_Q_COMPLETED) {
313 td_verror(td, io_u->error, "td_io_queue");
317 if (io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u, NULL) < 0)
319 } else if (ret == FIO_Q_BUSY) {
320 if (td_io_commit(td))
328 static int fio_file_fsync(struct thread_data *td, struct fio_file *f)
332 if (fio_file_open(f))
333 return fio_io_sync(td, f);
335 if (td_io_open_file(td, f))
338 ret = fio_io_sync(td, f);
339 td_io_close_file(td, f);
343 static inline void __update_tv_cache(struct thread_data *td)
345 fio_gettime(&td->tv_cache, NULL);
348 static inline void update_tv_cache(struct thread_data *td)
350 if ((++td->tv_cache_nr & td->tv_cache_mask) == td->tv_cache_mask)
351 __update_tv_cache(td);
354 static inline int runtime_exceeded(struct thread_data *td, struct timeval *t)
356 if (in_ramp_time(td))
360 if (utime_since(&td->epoch, t) >= td->o.timeout)
366 static int break_on_this_error(struct thread_data *td, enum fio_ddir ddir,
371 if (ret < 0 || td->error) {
373 enum error_type_bit eb;
378 eb = td_error_type(ddir, err);
379 if (!(td->o.continue_on_error & (1 << eb)))
382 if (td_non_fatal_error(td, eb, err)) {
384 * Continue with the I/Os in case of
387 update_error_count(td, err);
391 } else if (td->o.fill_device && err == ENOSPC) {
393 * We expect to hit this error if
394 * fill_device option is set.
397 fio_mark_td_terminate(td);
401 * Stop the I/O in case of a fatal
404 update_error_count(td, err);
412 static void check_update_rusage(struct thread_data *td)
414 if (td->update_rusage) {
415 td->update_rusage = 0;
416 update_rusage_stat(td);
417 fio_mutex_up(td->rusage_sem);
421 static int wait_for_completions(struct thread_data *td, struct timeval *time,
422 uint64_t *bytes_done)
424 const int full = queue_full(td);
429 * if the queue is full, we MUST reap at least 1 event
431 min_evts = min(td->o.iodepth_batch_complete, td->cur_depth);
432 if (full && !min_evts)
435 if (time && (__should_check_rate(td, DDIR_READ) ||
436 __should_check_rate(td, DDIR_WRITE) ||
437 __should_check_rate(td, DDIR_TRIM)))
438 fio_gettime(time, NULL);
441 ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, min_evts, bytes_done);
444 } while (full && (td->cur_depth > td->o.iodepth_low));
450 * The main verify engine. Runs over the writes we previously submitted,
451 * reads the blocks back in, and checks the crc/md5 of the data.
453 static void do_verify(struct thread_data *td, uint64_t verify_bytes)
455 uint64_t bytes_done[DDIR_RWDIR_CNT] = { 0, 0, 0 };
461 dprint(FD_VERIFY, "starting loop\n");
464 * sync io first and invalidate cache, to make sure we really
467 for_each_file(td, f, i) {
468 if (!fio_file_open(f))
470 if (fio_io_sync(td, f))
472 if (file_invalidate_cache(td, f))
476 check_update_rusage(td);
481 td_set_runstate(td, TD_VERIFYING);
484 while (!td->terminate) {
489 check_update_rusage(td);
491 if (runtime_exceeded(td, &td->tv_cache)) {
492 __update_tv_cache(td);
493 if (runtime_exceeded(td, &td->tv_cache)) {
494 fio_mark_td_terminate(td);
499 if (flow_threshold_exceeded(td))
502 if (!td->o.experimental_verify) {
503 io_u = __get_io_u(td);
507 if (get_next_verify(td, io_u)) {
512 if (td_io_prep(td, io_u)) {
517 if (ddir_rw_sum(bytes_done) + td->o.rw_min_bs > verify_bytes)
520 while ((io_u = get_io_u(td)) != NULL) {
528 * We are only interested in the places where
529 * we wrote or trimmed IOs. Turn those into
530 * reads for verification purposes.
532 if (io_u->ddir == DDIR_READ) {
534 * Pretend we issued it for rwmix
537 td->io_issues[DDIR_READ]++;
540 } else if (io_u->ddir == DDIR_TRIM) {
541 io_u->ddir = DDIR_READ;
542 io_u->flags |= IO_U_F_TRIMMED;
544 } else if (io_u->ddir == DDIR_WRITE) {
545 io_u->ddir = DDIR_READ;
557 if (verify_state_should_stop(td, io_u)) {
562 if (td->o.verify_async)
563 io_u->end_io = verify_io_u_async;
565 io_u->end_io = verify_io_u;
568 if (!td->o.disable_slat)
569 fio_gettime(&io_u->start_time, NULL);
571 ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
573 case FIO_Q_COMPLETED:
576 clear_io_u(td, io_u);
577 } else if (io_u->resid) {
578 int bytes = io_u->xfer_buflen - io_u->resid;
584 td_verror(td, EIO, "full resid");
589 io_u->xfer_buflen = io_u->resid;
590 io_u->xfer_buf += bytes;
591 io_u->offset += bytes;
593 if (ddir_rw(io_u->ddir))
594 td->ts.short_io_u[io_u->ddir]++;
597 if (io_u->offset == f->real_file_size)
600 requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
603 ret = io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u, bytes_done);
611 requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
612 ret2 = td_io_commit(td);
618 td_verror(td, -ret, "td_io_queue");
622 if (break_on_this_error(td, ddir, &ret))
626 * if we can queue more, do so. but check if there are
627 * completed io_u's first. Note that we can get BUSY even
628 * without IO queued, if the system is resource starved.
631 full = queue_full(td) || (ret == FIO_Q_BUSY && td->cur_depth);
632 if (full || !td->o.iodepth_batch_complete)
633 ret = wait_for_completions(td, NULL, bytes_done);
639 check_update_rusage(td);
642 min_events = td->cur_depth;
645 ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, min_events, NULL);
647 cleanup_pending_aio(td);
649 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
651 dprint(FD_VERIFY, "exiting loop\n");
654 static unsigned int exceeds_number_ios(struct thread_data *td)
656 unsigned long long number_ios;
658 if (!td->o.number_ios)
661 number_ios = ddir_rw_sum(td->this_io_blocks);
662 number_ios += td->io_u_queued + td->io_u_in_flight;
664 return number_ios >= td->o.number_ios;
667 static int io_issue_bytes_exceeded(struct thread_data *td)
669 unsigned long long bytes, limit;
672 bytes = td->io_issue_bytes[DDIR_READ] + td->io_issue_bytes[DDIR_WRITE];
673 else if (td_write(td))
674 bytes = td->io_issue_bytes[DDIR_WRITE];
675 else if (td_read(td))
676 bytes = td->io_issue_bytes[DDIR_READ];
678 bytes = td->io_issue_bytes[DDIR_TRIM];
681 limit = td->o.io_limit;
685 return bytes >= limit || exceeds_number_ios(td);
688 static int io_complete_bytes_exceeded(struct thread_data *td)
690 unsigned long long bytes, limit;
693 bytes = td->this_io_bytes[DDIR_READ] + td->this_io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE];
694 else if (td_write(td))
695 bytes = td->this_io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE];
696 else if (td_read(td))
697 bytes = td->this_io_bytes[DDIR_READ];
699 bytes = td->this_io_bytes[DDIR_TRIM];
702 limit = td->o.io_limit;
706 return bytes >= limit || exceeds_number_ios(td);
710 * Main IO worker function. It retrieves io_u's to process and queues
711 * and reaps them, checking for rate and errors along the way.
713 * Returns number of bytes written and trimmed.
715 static uint64_t do_io(struct thread_data *td)
717 uint64_t bytes_done[DDIR_RWDIR_CNT] = { 0, 0, 0 };
720 uint64_t total_bytes, bytes_issued = 0;
722 if (in_ramp_time(td))
723 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RAMP);
725 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
730 * If verify_backlog is enabled, we'll run the verify in this
731 * handler as well. For that case, we may need up to twice the
734 total_bytes = td->o.size;
735 if (td->o.verify != VERIFY_NONE &&
736 (td_write(td) && td->o.verify_backlog))
737 total_bytes += td->o.size;
739 while ((td->o.read_iolog_file && !flist_empty(&td->io_log_list)) ||
740 (!flist_empty(&td->trim_list)) || !io_issue_bytes_exceeded(td) ||
742 struct timeval comp_time;
747 check_update_rusage(td);
749 if (td->terminate || td->done)
754 if (runtime_exceeded(td, &td->tv_cache)) {
755 __update_tv_cache(td);
756 if (runtime_exceeded(td, &td->tv_cache)) {
757 fio_mark_td_terminate(td);
762 if (flow_threshold_exceeded(td))
765 if (bytes_issued >= total_bytes)
769 if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(io_u)) {
770 int err = PTR_ERR(io_u);
777 if (td->o.latency_target)
785 * Add verification end_io handler if:
786 * - Asked to verify (!td_rw(td))
787 * - Or the io_u is from our verify list (mixed write/ver)
789 if (td->o.verify != VERIFY_NONE && io_u->ddir == DDIR_READ &&
790 ((io_u->flags & IO_U_F_VER_LIST) || !td_rw(td))) {
792 if (!td->o.verify_pattern_bytes) {
793 io_u->rand_seed = __rand(&td->verify_state);
794 if (sizeof(int) != sizeof(long *))
795 io_u->rand_seed *= __rand(&td->verify_state);
798 if (verify_state_should_stop(td, io_u)) {
803 if (td->o.verify_async)
804 io_u->end_io = verify_io_u_async;
806 io_u->end_io = verify_io_u;
807 td_set_runstate(td, TD_VERIFYING);
808 } else if (in_ramp_time(td))
809 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RAMP);
811 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
814 * Always log IO before it's issued, so we know the specific
815 * order of it. The logged unit will track when the IO has
818 if (td_write(td) && io_u->ddir == DDIR_WRITE &&
820 td->o.verify != VERIFY_NONE &&
821 !td->o.experimental_verify)
822 log_io_piece(td, io_u);
824 ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
826 case FIO_Q_COMPLETED:
829 unlog_io_piece(td, io_u);
830 clear_io_u(td, io_u);
831 } else if (io_u->resid) {
832 int bytes = io_u->xfer_buflen - io_u->resid;
833 struct fio_file *f = io_u->file;
835 bytes_issued += bytes;
837 trim_io_piece(td, io_u);
843 unlog_io_piece(td, io_u);
844 td_verror(td, EIO, "full resid");
849 io_u->xfer_buflen = io_u->resid;
850 io_u->xfer_buf += bytes;
851 io_u->offset += bytes;
853 if (ddir_rw(io_u->ddir))
854 td->ts.short_io_u[io_u->ddir]++;
856 if (io_u->offset == f->real_file_size)
859 requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
862 if (__should_check_rate(td, DDIR_READ) ||
863 __should_check_rate(td, DDIR_WRITE) ||
864 __should_check_rate(td, DDIR_TRIM))
865 fio_gettime(&comp_time, NULL);
867 ret = io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u, bytes_done);
870 bytes_issued += io_u->xfer_buflen;
875 * if the engine doesn't have a commit hook,
876 * the io_u is really queued. if it does have such
877 * a hook, it has to call io_u_queued() itself.
879 if (td->io_ops->commit == NULL)
880 io_u_queued(td, io_u);
881 bytes_issued += io_u->xfer_buflen;
884 unlog_io_piece(td, io_u);
885 requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
886 ret2 = td_io_commit(td);
896 if (break_on_this_error(td, ddir, &ret))
900 * See if we need to complete some commands. Note that we
901 * can get BUSY even without IO queued, if the system is
905 full = queue_full(td) || (ret == FIO_Q_BUSY && td->cur_depth);
906 if (full || !td->o.iodepth_batch_complete)
907 ret = wait_for_completions(td, &comp_time, bytes_done);
910 if (!ddir_rw_sum(bytes_done) && !(td->io_ops->flags & FIO_NOIO))
913 if (!in_ramp_time(td) && should_check_rate(td, bytes_done)) {
914 if (check_min_rate(td, &comp_time, bytes_done)) {
915 if (exitall_on_terminate)
916 fio_terminate_threads(td->groupid);
917 td_verror(td, EIO, "check_min_rate");
921 if (!in_ramp_time(td) && td->o.latency_target)
922 lat_target_check(td);
924 if (td->o.thinktime) {
925 unsigned long long b;
927 b = ddir_rw_sum(td->io_blocks);
928 if (!(b % td->o.thinktime_blocks)) {
933 if (td->o.thinktime_spin)
934 usec_spin(td->o.thinktime_spin);
936 left = td->o.thinktime - td->o.thinktime_spin;
938 usec_sleep(td, left);
943 check_update_rusage(td);
945 if (td->trim_entries)
946 log_err("fio: %lu trim entries leaked?\n", td->trim_entries);
948 if (td->o.fill_device && td->error == ENOSPC) {
950 fio_mark_td_terminate(td);
957 ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, i, bytes_done);
958 if (td->o.fill_device && td->error == ENOSPC)
962 if (should_fsync(td) && td->o.end_fsync) {
963 td_set_runstate(td, TD_FSYNCING);
965 for_each_file(td, f, i) {
966 if (!fio_file_fsync(td, f))
969 log_err("fio: end_fsync failed for file %s\n",
974 cleanup_pending_aio(td);
977 * stop job if we failed doing any IO
979 if (!ddir_rw_sum(td->this_io_bytes))
982 return bytes_done[DDIR_WRITE] + bytes_done[DDIR_TRIM];
985 static void cleanup_io_u(struct thread_data *td)
989 while ((io_u = io_u_qpop(&td->io_u_freelist)) != NULL) {
991 if (td->io_ops->io_u_free)
992 td->io_ops->io_u_free(td, io_u);
994 fio_memfree(io_u, sizeof(*io_u));
999 io_u_rexit(&td->io_u_requeues);
1000 io_u_qexit(&td->io_u_freelist);
1001 io_u_qexit(&td->io_u_all);
1003 if (td->last_write_comp)
1004 sfree(td->last_write_comp);
1007 static int init_io_u(struct thread_data *td)
1010 unsigned int max_bs, min_write;
1011 int cl_align, i, max_units;
1012 int data_xfer = 1, err;
1015 max_units = td->o.iodepth;
1016 max_bs = td_max_bs(td);
1017 min_write = td->o.min_bs[DDIR_WRITE];
1018 td->orig_buffer_size = (unsigned long long) max_bs
1019 * (unsigned long long) max_units;
1021 if ((td->io_ops->flags & FIO_NOIO) || !(td_read(td) || td_write(td)))
1025 err += io_u_rinit(&td->io_u_requeues, td->o.iodepth);
1026 err += io_u_qinit(&td->io_u_freelist, td->o.iodepth);
1027 err += io_u_qinit(&td->io_u_all, td->o.iodepth);
1030 log_err("fio: failed setting up IO queues\n");
1035 * if we may later need to do address alignment, then add any
1036 * possible adjustment here so that we don't cause a buffer
1037 * overflow later. this adjustment may be too much if we get
1038 * lucky and the allocator gives us an aligned address.
1040 if (td->o.odirect || td->o.mem_align || td->o.oatomic ||
1041 (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_RAWIO))
1042 td->orig_buffer_size += page_mask + td->o.mem_align;
1044 if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_SHMHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE) {
1047 bs = td->orig_buffer_size + td->o.hugepage_size - 1;
1048 td->orig_buffer_size = bs & ~(td->o.hugepage_size - 1);
1051 if (td->orig_buffer_size != (size_t) td->orig_buffer_size) {
1052 log_err("fio: IO memory too large. Reduce max_bs or iodepth\n");
1056 if (data_xfer && allocate_io_mem(td))
1059 if (td->o.odirect || td->o.mem_align || td->o.oatomic ||
1060 (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_RAWIO))
1061 p = PAGE_ALIGN(td->orig_buffer) + td->o.mem_align;
1063 p = td->orig_buffer;
1065 cl_align = os_cache_line_size();
1067 for (i = 0; i < max_units; i++) {
1073 ptr = fio_memalign(cl_align, sizeof(*io_u));
1075 log_err("fio: unable to allocate aligned memory\n");
1080 memset(io_u, 0, sizeof(*io_u));
1081 INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&io_u->verify_list);
1082 dprint(FD_MEM, "io_u alloc %p, index %u\n", io_u, i);
1086 dprint(FD_MEM, "io_u %p, mem %p\n", io_u, io_u->buf);
1089 io_u_fill_buffer(td, io_u, min_write, max_bs);
1090 if (td_write(td) && td->o.verify_pattern_bytes) {
1092 * Fill the buffer with the pattern if we are
1093 * going to be doing writes.
1095 fill_verify_pattern(td, io_u->buf, max_bs, io_u, 0, 0);
1100 io_u->flags = IO_U_F_FREE;
1101 io_u_qpush(&td->io_u_freelist, io_u);
1104 * io_u never leaves this stack, used for iteration of all
1107 io_u_qpush(&td->io_u_all, io_u);
1109 if (td->io_ops->io_u_init) {
1110 int ret = td->io_ops->io_u_init(td, io_u);
1113 log_err("fio: failed to init engine data: %d\n", ret);
1121 if (td->o.verify != VERIFY_NONE) {
1122 td->last_write_comp = scalloc(max_units, sizeof(uint64_t));
1123 if (!td->last_write_comp) {
1124 log_err("fio: failed to alloc write comp data\n");
1132 static int switch_ioscheduler(struct thread_data *td)
1134 char tmp[256], tmp2[128];
1138 if (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_DISKLESSIO)
1141 sprintf(tmp, "%s/queue/scheduler", td->sysfs_root);
1143 f = fopen(tmp, "r+");
1145 if (errno == ENOENT) {
1146 log_err("fio: os or kernel doesn't support IO scheduler"
1150 td_verror(td, errno, "fopen iosched");
1157 ret = fwrite(td->o.ioscheduler, strlen(td->o.ioscheduler), 1, f);
1158 if (ferror(f) || ret != 1) {
1159 td_verror(td, errno, "fwrite");
1167 * Read back and check that the selected scheduler is now the default.
1169 ret = fread(tmp, sizeof(tmp), 1, f);
1170 if (ferror(f) || ret < 0) {
1171 td_verror(td, errno, "fread");
1175 tmp[sizeof(tmp) - 1] = '\0';
1178 sprintf(tmp2, "[%s]", td->o.ioscheduler);
1179 if (!strstr(tmp, tmp2)) {
1180 log_err("fio: io scheduler %s not found\n", td->o.ioscheduler);
1181 td_verror(td, EINVAL, "iosched_switch");
1190 static int keep_running(struct thread_data *td)
1192 unsigned long long limit;
1196 if (td->o.time_based)
1202 if (exceeds_number_ios(td))
1206 limit = td->o.io_limit;
1210 if (limit != -1ULL && ddir_rw_sum(td->io_bytes) < limit) {
1214 * If the difference is less than the minimum IO size, we
1217 diff = limit - ddir_rw_sum(td->io_bytes);
1218 if (diff < td_max_bs(td))
1221 if (fio_files_done(td))
1230 static int exec_string(struct thread_options *o, const char *string, const char *mode)
1232 int ret, newlen = strlen(string) + strlen(o->name) + strlen(mode) + 9 + 1;
1235 str = malloc(newlen);
1236 sprintf(str, "%s &> %s.%s.txt", string, o->name, mode);
1238 log_info("%s : Saving output of %s in %s.%s.txt\n",o->name, mode, o->name, mode);
1241 log_err("fio: exec of cmd <%s> failed\n", str);
1248 * Dry run to compute correct state of numberio for verification.
1250 static uint64_t do_dry_run(struct thread_data *td)
1252 uint64_t bytes_done[DDIR_RWDIR_CNT] = { 0, 0, 0 };
1254 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
1256 while ((td->o.read_iolog_file && !flist_empty(&td->io_log_list)) ||
1257 (!flist_empty(&td->trim_list)) || !io_complete_bytes_exceeded(td)) {
1261 if (td->terminate || td->done)
1264 io_u = get_io_u(td);
1268 io_u->flags |= IO_U_F_FLIGHT;
1271 if (ddir_rw(acct_ddir(io_u)))
1272 td->io_issues[acct_ddir(io_u)]++;
1273 if (ddir_rw(io_u->ddir)) {
1274 io_u_mark_depth(td, 1);
1275 td->ts.total_io_u[io_u->ddir]++;
1278 if (td_write(td) && io_u->ddir == DDIR_WRITE &&
1280 td->o.verify != VERIFY_NONE &&
1281 !td->o.experimental_verify)
1282 log_io_piece(td, io_u);
1284 ret = io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u, bytes_done);
1288 return bytes_done[DDIR_WRITE] + bytes_done[DDIR_TRIM];
1292 * Entry point for the thread based jobs. The process based jobs end up
1293 * here as well, after a little setup.
1295 static void *thread_main(void *data)
1297 unsigned long long elapsed;
1298 struct thread_data *td = data;
1299 struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
1300 pthread_condattr_t attr;
1304 if (!o->use_thread) {
1310 fio_local_clock_init(o->use_thread);
1312 dprint(FD_PROCESS, "jobs pid=%d started\n", (int) td->pid);
1315 fio_server_send_start(td);
1317 INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->io_log_list);
1318 INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->io_hist_list);
1319 INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->verify_list);
1320 INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->trim_list);
1321 INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->next_rand_list);
1322 pthread_mutex_init(&td->io_u_lock, NULL);
1323 td->io_hist_tree = RB_ROOT;
1325 pthread_condattr_init(&attr);
1326 pthread_cond_init(&td->verify_cond, &attr);
1327 pthread_cond_init(&td->free_cond, &attr);
1329 td_set_runstate(td, TD_INITIALIZED);
1330 dprint(FD_MUTEX, "up startup_mutex\n");
1331 fio_mutex_up(startup_mutex);
1332 dprint(FD_MUTEX, "wait on td->mutex\n");
1333 fio_mutex_down(td->mutex);
1334 dprint(FD_MUTEX, "done waiting on td->mutex\n");
1337 * A new gid requires privilege, so we need to do this before setting
1340 if (o->gid != -1U && setgid(o->gid)) {
1341 td_verror(td, errno, "setgid");
1344 if (o->uid != -1U && setuid(o->uid)) {
1345 td_verror(td, errno, "setuid");
1350 * If we have a gettimeofday() thread, make sure we exclude that
1351 * thread from this job
1354 fio_cpu_clear(&o->cpumask, o->gtod_cpu);
1357 * Set affinity first, in case it has an impact on the memory
1360 if (fio_option_is_set(o, cpumask)) {
1361 if (o->cpus_allowed_policy == FIO_CPUS_SPLIT) {
1362 ret = fio_cpus_split(&o->cpumask, td->thread_number - 1);
1364 log_err("fio: no CPUs set\n");
1365 log_err("fio: Try increasing number of available CPUs\n");
1366 td_verror(td, EINVAL, "cpus_split");
1370 ret = fio_setaffinity(td->pid, o->cpumask);
1372 td_verror(td, errno, "cpu_set_affinity");
1377 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
1378 /* numa node setup */
1379 if (fio_option_is_set(o, numa_cpunodes) ||
1380 fio_option_is_set(o, numa_memnodes)) {
1381 struct bitmask *mask;
1383 if (numa_available() < 0) {
1384 td_verror(td, errno, "Does not support NUMA API\n");
1388 if (fio_option_is_set(o, numa_cpunodes)) {
1389 mask = numa_parse_nodestring(o->numa_cpunodes);
1390 ret = numa_run_on_node_mask(mask);
1391 numa_free_nodemask(mask);
1393 td_verror(td, errno, \
1394 "numa_run_on_node_mask failed\n");
1399 if (fio_option_is_set(o, numa_memnodes)) {
1401 if (o->numa_memnodes)
1402 mask = numa_parse_nodestring(o->numa_memnodes);
1404 switch (o->numa_mem_mode) {
1405 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
1406 numa_set_interleave_mask(mask);
1409 numa_set_membind(mask);
1412 numa_set_localalloc();
1414 case MPOL_PREFERRED:
1415 numa_set_preferred(o->numa_mem_prefer_node);
1423 numa_free_nodemask(mask);
1429 if (fio_pin_memory(td))
1433 * May alter parameters that init_io_u() will use, so we need to
1442 if (o->verify_async && verify_async_init(td))
1445 if (fio_option_is_set(o, ioprio) ||
1446 fio_option_is_set(o, ioprio_class)) {
1447 ret = ioprio_set(IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS, 0, o->ioprio_class, o->ioprio);
1449 td_verror(td, errno, "ioprio_set");
1454 if (o->cgroup && cgroup_setup(td, cgroup_list, &cgroup_mnt))
1458 if (nice(o->nice) == -1 && errno != 0) {
1459 td_verror(td, errno, "nice");
1463 if (o->ioscheduler && switch_ioscheduler(td))
1466 if (!o->create_serialize && setup_files(td))
1472 if (init_random_map(td))
1475 if (o->exec_prerun && exec_string(o, o->exec_prerun, (const char *)"prerun"))
1479 if (pre_read_files(td) < 0)
1483 if (td->flags & TD_F_COMPRESS_LOG)
1484 tp_init(&td->tp_data);
1486 fio_verify_init(td);
1488 fio_gettime(&td->epoch, NULL);
1489 fio_getrusage(&td->ru_start);
1491 while (keep_running(td)) {
1492 uint64_t verify_bytes;
1494 fio_gettime(&td->start, NULL);
1495 memcpy(&td->bw_sample_time, &td->start, sizeof(td->start));
1496 memcpy(&td->iops_sample_time, &td->start, sizeof(td->start));
1497 memcpy(&td->tv_cache, &td->start, sizeof(td->start));
1499 if (o->ratemin[DDIR_READ] || o->ratemin[DDIR_WRITE] ||
1500 o->ratemin[DDIR_TRIM]) {
1501 memcpy(&td->lastrate[DDIR_READ], &td->bw_sample_time,
1502 sizeof(td->bw_sample_time));
1503 memcpy(&td->lastrate[DDIR_WRITE], &td->bw_sample_time,
1504 sizeof(td->bw_sample_time));
1505 memcpy(&td->lastrate[DDIR_TRIM], &td->bw_sample_time,
1506 sizeof(td->bw_sample_time));
1512 prune_io_piece_log(td);
1514 if (td->o.verify_only && (td_write(td) || td_rw(td)))
1515 verify_bytes = do_dry_run(td);
1517 verify_bytes = do_io(td);
1521 fio_mutex_down(stat_mutex);
1522 if (td_read(td) && td->io_bytes[DDIR_READ]) {
1523 elapsed = mtime_since_now(&td->start);
1524 td->ts.runtime[DDIR_READ] += elapsed;
1526 if (td_write(td) && td->io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE]) {
1527 elapsed = mtime_since_now(&td->start);
1528 td->ts.runtime[DDIR_WRITE] += elapsed;
1530 if (td_trim(td) && td->io_bytes[DDIR_TRIM]) {
1531 elapsed = mtime_since_now(&td->start);
1532 td->ts.runtime[DDIR_TRIM] += elapsed;
1534 fio_gettime(&td->start, NULL);
1535 fio_mutex_up(stat_mutex);
1537 if (td->error || td->terminate)
1540 if (!o->do_verify ||
1541 o->verify == VERIFY_NONE ||
1542 (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_UNIDIR))
1547 fio_gettime(&td->start, NULL);
1549 do_verify(td, verify_bytes);
1551 fio_mutex_down(stat_mutex);
1552 td->ts.runtime[DDIR_READ] += mtime_since_now(&td->start);
1553 fio_gettime(&td->start, NULL);
1554 fio_mutex_up(stat_mutex);
1556 if (td->error || td->terminate)
1560 update_rusage_stat(td);
1561 td->ts.total_run_time = mtime_since_now(&td->epoch);
1562 td->ts.io_bytes[DDIR_READ] = td->io_bytes[DDIR_READ];
1563 td->ts.io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE] = td->io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE];
1564 td->ts.io_bytes[DDIR_TRIM] = td->io_bytes[DDIR_TRIM];
1566 if (td->o.verify_state_save && !(td->flags & TD_F_VSTATE_SAVED) &&
1567 (td->o.verify != VERIFY_NONE && td_write(td))) {
1568 struct all_io_list *state;
1571 state = get_all_io_list(td->thread_number, &sz);
1573 __verify_save_state(state, "local");
1578 fio_unpin_memory(td);
1580 fio_writeout_logs(td);
1582 if (td->flags & TD_F_COMPRESS_LOG)
1583 tp_exit(&td->tp_data);
1585 if (o->exec_postrun)
1586 exec_string(o, o->exec_postrun, (const char *)"postrun");
1588 if (exitall_on_terminate)
1589 fio_terminate_threads(td->groupid);
1593 log_info("fio: pid=%d, err=%d/%s\n", (int) td->pid, td->error,
1596 if (o->verify_async)
1597 verify_async_exit(td);
1599 close_and_free_files(td);
1602 cgroup_shutdown(td, &cgroup_mnt);
1603 verify_free_state(td);
1605 if (fio_option_is_set(o, cpumask)) {
1606 ret = fio_cpuset_exit(&o->cpumask);
1608 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_exit");
1612 * do this very late, it will log file closing as well
1614 if (o->write_iolog_file)
1615 write_iolog_close(td);
1617 fio_mutex_remove(td->mutex);
1620 td_set_runstate(td, TD_EXITED);
1623 * Do this last after setting our runstate to exited, so we
1624 * know that the stat thread is signaled.
1626 check_update_rusage(td);
1628 return (void *) (uintptr_t) td->error;
1633 * We cannot pass the td data into a forked process, so attach the td and
1634 * pass it to the thread worker.
1636 static int fork_main(int shmid, int offset)
1638 struct thread_data *td;
1641 #if !defined(__hpux) && !defined(CONFIG_NO_SHM)
1642 data = shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);
1643 if (data == (void *) -1) {
1651 * HP-UX inherits shm mappings?
1656 td = data + offset * sizeof(struct thread_data);
1657 ret = thread_main(td);
1659 return (int) (uintptr_t) ret;
1662 static void dump_td_info(struct thread_data *td)
1664 log_err("fio: job '%s' hasn't exited in %lu seconds, it appears to "
1665 "be stuck. Doing forceful exit of this job.\n", td->o.name,
1666 (unsigned long) time_since_now(&td->terminate_time));
1670 * Run over the job map and reap the threads that have exited, if any.
1672 static void reap_threads(unsigned int *nr_running, unsigned int *t_rate,
1673 unsigned int *m_rate)
1675 struct thread_data *td;
1676 unsigned int cputhreads, realthreads, pending;
1680 * reap exited threads (TD_EXITED -> TD_REAPED)
1682 realthreads = pending = cputhreads = 0;
1683 for_each_td(td, i) {
1687 * ->io_ops is NULL for a thread that has closed its
1690 if (td->io_ops && !strcmp(td->io_ops->name, "cpuio"))
1699 if (td->runstate == TD_REAPED)
1701 if (td->o.use_thread) {
1702 if (td->runstate == TD_EXITED) {
1703 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1710 if (td->runstate == TD_EXITED)
1714 * check if someone quit or got killed in an unusual way
1716 ret = waitpid(td->pid, &status, flags);
1718 if (errno == ECHILD) {
1719 log_err("fio: pid=%d disappeared %d\n",
1720 (int) td->pid, td->runstate);
1722 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1726 } else if (ret == td->pid) {
1727 if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
1728 int sig = WTERMSIG(status);
1730 if (sig != SIGTERM && sig != SIGUSR2)
1731 log_err("fio: pid=%d, got signal=%d\n",
1732 (int) td->pid, sig);
1734 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1737 if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
1738 if (WEXITSTATUS(status) && !td->error)
1739 td->error = WEXITSTATUS(status);
1741 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1747 * If the job is stuck, do a forceful timeout of it and
1750 if (td->terminate &&
1751 time_since_now(&td->terminate_time) >= FIO_REAP_TIMEOUT) {
1753 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1758 * thread is not dead, continue
1764 (*m_rate) -= ddir_rw_sum(td->o.ratemin);
1765 (*t_rate) -= ddir_rw_sum(td->o.rate);
1772 done_secs += mtime_since_now(&td->epoch) / 1000;
1773 profile_td_exit(td);
1776 if (*nr_running == cputhreads && !pending && realthreads)
1777 fio_terminate_threads(TERMINATE_ALL);
1780 static int __check_trigger_file(void)
1787 if (stat(trigger_file, &sb))
1790 if (unlink(trigger_file) < 0)
1791 log_err("fio: failed to unlink %s: %s\n", trigger_file,
1797 static int trigger_timedout(void)
1799 if (trigger_timeout)
1800 return time_since_genesis() >= trigger_timeout;
1805 void exec_trigger(const char *cmd)
1814 log_err("fio: failed executing %s trigger\n", cmd);
1817 void check_trigger_file(void)
1819 if (__check_trigger_file() || trigger_timedout()) {
1821 fio_clients_send_trigger(trigger_remote_cmd);
1823 verify_save_state();
1824 fio_terminate_threads(TERMINATE_ALL);
1825 exec_trigger(trigger_cmd);
1830 static int fio_verify_load_state(struct thread_data *td)
1834 if (!td->o.verify_state)
1840 ret = fio_server_get_verify_state(td->o.name,
1841 td->thread_number - 1, &data);
1843 verify_convert_assign_state(td, data);
1845 ret = verify_load_state(td, "local");
1850 static void do_usleep(unsigned int usecs)
1852 check_for_running_stats();
1853 check_trigger_file();
1858 * Main function for kicking off and reaping jobs, as needed.
1860 static void run_threads(void)
1862 struct thread_data *td;
1863 unsigned int i, todo, nr_running, m_rate, t_rate, nr_started;
1866 if (fio_gtod_offload && fio_start_gtod_thread())
1869 fio_idle_prof_init();
1873 nr_thread = nr_process = 0;
1874 for_each_td(td, i) {
1875 if (td->o.use_thread)
1881 if (output_format == FIO_OUTPUT_NORMAL) {
1882 log_info("Starting ");
1884 log_info("%d thread%s", nr_thread,
1885 nr_thread > 1 ? "s" : "");
1889 log_info("%d process%s", nr_process,
1890 nr_process > 1 ? "es" : "");
1896 todo = thread_number;
1899 m_rate = t_rate = 0;
1901 for_each_td(td, i) {
1902 print_status_init(td->thread_number - 1);
1904 if (!td->o.create_serialize)
1907 if (fio_verify_load_state(td))
1911 * do file setup here so it happens sequentially,
1912 * we don't want X number of threads getting their
1913 * client data interspersed on disk
1915 if (setup_files(td)) {
1919 log_err("fio: pid=%d, err=%d/%s\n",
1920 (int) td->pid, td->error, td->verror);
1921 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1928 * for sharing to work, each job must always open
1929 * its own files. so close them, if we opened them
1932 for_each_file(td, f, j) {
1933 if (fio_file_open(f))
1934 td_io_close_file(td, f);
1939 /* start idle threads before io threads start to run */
1940 fio_idle_prof_start();
1945 struct thread_data *map[REAL_MAX_JOBS];
1946 struct timeval this_start;
1947 int this_jobs = 0, left;
1950 * create threads (TD_NOT_CREATED -> TD_CREATED)
1952 for_each_td(td, i) {
1953 if (td->runstate != TD_NOT_CREATED)
1957 * never got a chance to start, killed by other
1958 * thread for some reason
1960 if (td->terminate) {
1965 if (td->o.start_delay) {
1966 spent = utime_since_genesis();
1968 if (td->o.start_delay > spent)
1972 if (td->o.stonewall && (nr_started || nr_running)) {
1973 dprint(FD_PROCESS, "%s: stonewall wait\n",
1980 td->rusage_sem = fio_mutex_init(FIO_MUTEX_LOCKED);
1981 td->update_rusage = 0;
1984 * Set state to created. Thread will transition
1985 * to TD_INITIALIZED when it's done setting up.
1987 td_set_runstate(td, TD_CREATED);
1988 map[this_jobs++] = td;
1991 if (td->o.use_thread) {
1994 dprint(FD_PROCESS, "will pthread_create\n");
1995 ret = pthread_create(&td->thread, NULL,
1998 log_err("pthread_create: %s\n",
2003 ret = pthread_detach(td->thread);
2005 log_err("pthread_detach: %s",
2009 dprint(FD_PROCESS, "will fork\n");
2012 int ret = fork_main(shm_id, i);
2015 } else if (i == fio_debug_jobno)
2016 *fio_debug_jobp = pid;
2018 dprint(FD_MUTEX, "wait on startup_mutex\n");
2019 if (fio_mutex_down_timeout(startup_mutex, 10)) {
2020 log_err("fio: job startup hung? exiting.\n");
2021 fio_terminate_threads(TERMINATE_ALL);
2026 dprint(FD_MUTEX, "done waiting on startup_mutex\n");
2030 * Wait for the started threads to transition to
2033 fio_gettime(&this_start, NULL);
2035 while (left && !fio_abort) {
2036 if (mtime_since_now(&this_start) > JOB_START_TIMEOUT)
2041 for (i = 0; i < this_jobs; i++) {
2045 if (td->runstate == TD_INITIALIZED) {
2048 } else if (td->runstate >= TD_EXITED) {
2052 nr_running++; /* work-around... */
2058 log_err("fio: %d job%s failed to start\n", left,
2059 left > 1 ? "s" : "");
2060 for (i = 0; i < this_jobs; i++) {
2064 kill(td->pid, SIGTERM);
2070 * start created threads (TD_INITIALIZED -> TD_RUNNING).
2072 for_each_td(td, i) {
2073 if (td->runstate != TD_INITIALIZED)
2076 if (in_ramp_time(td))
2077 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RAMP);
2079 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
2082 m_rate += ddir_rw_sum(td->o.ratemin);
2083 t_rate += ddir_rw_sum(td->o.rate);
2085 fio_mutex_up(td->mutex);
2088 reap_threads(&nr_running, &t_rate, &m_rate);
2094 while (nr_running) {
2095 reap_threads(&nr_running, &t_rate, &m_rate);
2099 fio_idle_prof_stop();
2104 static void wait_for_helper_thread_exit(void)
2109 pthread_cond_signal(&helper_cond);
2110 pthread_join(helper_thread, &ret);
2113 static void free_disk_util(void)
2115 disk_util_prune_entries();
2117 pthread_cond_destroy(&helper_cond);
2120 static void *helper_thread_main(void *data)
2124 fio_mutex_up(startup_mutex);
2127 uint64_t sec = DISK_UTIL_MSEC / 1000;
2128 uint64_t nsec = (DISK_UTIL_MSEC % 1000) * 1000000;
2132 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
2133 ts.tv_sec = tv.tv_sec + sec;
2134 ts.tv_nsec = (tv.tv_usec * 1000) + nsec;
2136 if (ts.tv_nsec >= 1000000000ULL) {
2137 ts.tv_nsec -= 1000000000ULL;
2141 pthread_cond_timedwait(&helper_cond, &helper_lock, &ts);
2143 ret = update_io_ticks();
2145 if (helper_do_stat) {
2147 __show_running_run_stats();
2151 print_thread_status();
2157 static int create_helper_thread(void)
2163 pthread_cond_init(&helper_cond, NULL);
2164 pthread_mutex_init(&helper_lock, NULL);
2166 ret = pthread_create(&helper_thread, NULL, helper_thread_main, NULL);
2168 log_err("Can't create helper thread: %s\n", strerror(ret));
2172 dprint(FD_MUTEX, "wait on startup_mutex\n");
2173 fio_mutex_down(startup_mutex);
2174 dprint(FD_MUTEX, "done waiting on startup_mutex\n");
2178 int fio_backend(void)
2180 struct thread_data *td;
2184 if (load_profile(exec_profile))
2187 exec_profile = NULL;
2193 struct log_params p = {
2194 .log_type = IO_LOG_TYPE_BW,
2197 setup_log(&agg_io_log[DDIR_READ], &p, "agg-read_bw.log");
2198 setup_log(&agg_io_log[DDIR_WRITE], &p, "agg-write_bw.log");
2199 setup_log(&agg_io_log[DDIR_TRIM], &p, "agg-trim_bw.log");
2202 startup_mutex = fio_mutex_init(FIO_MUTEX_LOCKED);
2203 if (startup_mutex == NULL)
2208 create_helper_thread();
2210 cgroup_list = smalloc(sizeof(*cgroup_list));
2211 INIT_FLIST_HEAD(cgroup_list);
2215 wait_for_helper_thread_exit();
2220 for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
2221 struct io_log *log = agg_io_log[i];
2229 for_each_td(td, i) {
2230 fio_options_free(td);
2231 if (td->rusage_sem) {
2232 fio_mutex_remove(td->rusage_sem);
2233 td->rusage_sem = NULL;
2238 cgroup_kill(cgroup_list);
2242 fio_mutex_remove(startup_mutex);