backend.c

   1 /*
   2  * fio - the flexible io tester
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2005 Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
   5  * Copyright (C) 2006-2012 Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
   6  *
   7  * The license below covers all files distributed with fio unless otherwise
   8  * noted in the file itself.
   9  *
  10  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  11  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
  12  *  published by the Free Software Foundation.
  13  *
  14  *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  15  *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  16  *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  17  *  GNU General Public License for more details.
  18  *
  19  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  20  *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  21  *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
  22  *
  23  */
  24 #include <unistd.h>
  25 #include <fcntl.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <limits.h>
  28 #include <signal.h>
  29 #include <time.h>
  30 #include <locale.h>
  31 #include <assert.h>
  32 #include <time.h>
  33 #include <inttypes.h>
  34 #include <sys/stat.h>
  35 #include <sys/wait.h>
  36 #include <sys/ipc.h>
  37 #include <sys/shm.h>
  38 #include <sys/mman.h>
  39
  40 #include "fio.h"
  41 #include "hash.h"
  42 #include "smalloc.h"
  43 #include "verify.h"
  44 #include "trim.h"
  45 #include "diskutil.h"
  46 #include "cgroup.h"
  47 #include "profile.h"
  48 #include "lib/rand.h"
  49 #include "memalign.h"
  50 #include "server.h"
  51
  52 static pthread_t disk_util_thread;
  53 static struct fio_mutex *startup_mutex;
  54 static struct fio_mutex *writeout_mutex;
  55 static struct flist_head *cgroup_list;
  56 static char *cgroup_mnt;
  57 static int exit_value;
  58 static volatile int fio_abort;
  59
  60 struct io_log *agg_io_log[2];
  61
  62 int groupid = 0;
  63 unsigned int thread_number = 0;
  64 unsigned int nr_process = 0;
  65 unsigned int nr_thread = 0;
  66 int shm_id = 0;
  67 int temp_stall_ts;
  68 unsigned long done_secs = 0;
  69
  70 #define PAGE_ALIGN(buf) \
  71         (char *) (((uintptr_t) (buf) + page_mask) & ~page_mask)
  72
  73 #define JOB_START_TIMEOUT       (5 * 1000)
  74
  75 static void sig_int(int sig)
  76 {
  77         if (threads) {
  78                 if (is_backend)
  79                         fio_server_got_signal(sig);
  80                 else {
  81                         log_info("\nfio: terminating on signal %d\n", sig);
  82                         fflush(stdout);
  83                         exit_value = 128;
  84                 }
  85
  86                 fio_terminate_threads(TERMINATE_ALL);
  87         }
  88 }
  89
  90 static void set_sig_handlers(void)
  91 {
  92         struct sigaction act;
  93
  94         memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
  95         act.sa_handler = sig_int;
  96         act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
  97         sigaction(SIGINT, &act, NULL);
  98
  99         memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
 100         act.sa_handler = sig_int;
 101         act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
 102         sigaction(SIGTERM, &act, NULL);
 103
 104         if (is_backend) {
 105                 memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
 106                 act.sa_handler = sig_int;
 107                 act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
 108                 sigaction(SIGPIPE, &act, NULL);
 109         }
 110 }
 111
 112 /*
 113  * Check if we are above the minimum rate given.
 114  */
 115 static int __check_min_rate(struct thread_data *td, struct timeval *now,
 116                             enum fio_ddir ddir)
 117 {
 118         unsigned long long bytes = 0;
 119         unsigned long iops = 0;
 120         unsigned long spent;
 121         unsigned long rate;
 122         unsigned int ratemin = 0;
 123         unsigned int rate_iops = 0;
 124         unsigned int rate_iops_min = 0;
 125
 126         assert(ddir_rw(ddir));
 127
 128         if (!td->o.ratemin[ddir] && !td->o.rate_iops_min[ddir])
 129                 return 0;
 130
 131         /*
 132          * allow a 2 second settle period in the beginning
 133          */
 134         if (mtime_since(&td->start, now) < 2000)
 135                 return 0;
 136
 137         iops += td->this_io_blocks[ddir];
 138         bytes += td->this_io_bytes[ddir];
 139         ratemin += td->o.ratemin[ddir];
 140         rate_iops += td->o.rate_iops[ddir];
 141         rate_iops_min += td->o.rate_iops_min[ddir];
 142
 143         /*
 144          * if rate blocks is set, sample is running
 145          */
 146         if (td->rate_bytes[ddir] || td->rate_blocks[ddir]) {
 147                 spent = mtime_since(&td->lastrate[ddir], now);
 148                 if (spent < td->o.ratecycle)
 149                         return 0;
 150
 151                 if (td->o.rate[ddir]) {
 152                         /*
 153                          * check bandwidth specified rate
 154                          */
 155                         if (bytes < td->rate_bytes[ddir]) {
 156                                 log_err("%s: min rate %u not met\n", td->o.name,
 157                                                                 ratemin);
 158                                 return 1;
 159                         } else {
 160                                 rate = ((bytes - td->rate_bytes[ddir]) * 1000) / spent;
 161                                 if (rate < ratemin ||
 162                                     bytes < td->rate_bytes[ddir]) {
 163                                         log_err("%s: min rate %u not met, got"
 164                                                 " %luKB/sec\n", td->o.name,
 165                                                         ratemin, rate);
 166                                         return 1;
 167                                 }
 168                         }
 169                 } else {
 170                         /*
 171                          * checks iops specified rate
 172                          */
 173                         if (iops < rate_iops) {
 174                                 log_err("%s: min iops rate %u not met\n",
 175                                                 td->o.name, rate_iops);
 176                                 return 1;
 177                         } else {
 178                                 rate = ((iops - td->rate_blocks[ddir]) * 1000) / spent;
 179                                 if (rate < rate_iops_min ||
 180                                     iops < td->rate_blocks[ddir]) {
 181                                         log_err("%s: min iops rate %u not met,"
 182                                                 " got %lu\n", td->o.name,
 183                                                         rate_iops_min, rate);
 184                                 }
 185                         }
 186                 }
 187         }
 188
 189         td->rate_bytes[ddir] = bytes;
 190         td->rate_blocks[ddir] = iops;
 191         memcpy(&td->lastrate[ddir], now, sizeof(*now));
 192         return 0;
 193 }
 194
 195 static int check_min_rate(struct thread_data *td, struct timeval *now,
 196                           unsigned long *bytes_done)
 197 {
 198         int ret = 0;
 199
 200         if (bytes_done[0])
 201                 ret |= __check_min_rate(td, now, 0);
 202         if (bytes_done[1])
 203                 ret |= __check_min_rate(td, now, 1);
 204
 205         return ret;
 206 }
 207
 208 /*
 209  * When job exits, we can cancel the in-flight IO if we are using async
 210  * io. Attempt to do so.
 211  */
 212 static void cleanup_pending_aio(struct thread_data *td)
 213 {
 214         struct flist_head *entry, *n;
 215         struct io_u *io_u;
 216         int r;
 217
 218         /*
 219          * get immediately available events, if any
 220          */
 221         r = io_u_queued_complete(td, 0, NULL);
 222         if (r < 0)
 223                 return;
 224
 225         /*
 226          * now cancel remaining active events
 227          */
 228         if (td->io_ops->cancel) {
 229                 flist_for_each_safe(entry, n, &td->io_u_busylist) {
 230                         io_u = flist_entry(entry, struct io_u, list);
 231
 232                         /*
 233                          * if the io_u isn't in flight, then that generally
 234                          * means someone leaked an io_u. complain but fix
 235                          * it up, so we don't stall here.
 236                          */
 237                         if ((io_u->flags & IO_U_F_FLIGHT) == 0) {
 238                                 log_err("fio: non-busy IO on busy list\n");
 239                                 put_io_u(td, io_u);
 240                         } else {
 241                                 r = td->io_ops->cancel(td, io_u);
 242                                 if (!r)
 243                                         put_io_u(td, io_u);
 244                         }
 245                 }
 246         }
 247
 248         if (td->cur_depth)
 249                 r = io_u_queued_complete(td, td->cur_depth, NULL);
 250 }
 251
 252 /*
 253  * Helper to handle the final sync of a file. Works just like the normal
 254  * io path, just does everything sync.
 255  */
 256 static int fio_io_sync(struct thread_data *td, struct fio_file *f)
 257 {
 258         struct io_u *io_u = __get_io_u(td);
 259         int ret;
 260
 261         if (!io_u)
 262                 return 1;
 263
 264         io_u->ddir = DDIR_SYNC;
 265         io_u->file = f;
 266
 267         if (td_io_prep(td, io_u)) {
 268                 put_io_u(td, io_u);
 269                 return 1;
 270         }
 271
 272 requeue:
 273         ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
 274         if (ret < 0) {
 275                 td_verror(td, io_u->error, "td_io_queue");
 276                 put_io_u(td, io_u);
 277                 return 1;
 278         } else if (ret == FIO_Q_QUEUED) {
 279                 if (io_u_queued_complete(td, 1, NULL) < 0)
 280                         return 1;
 281         } else if (ret == FIO_Q_COMPLETED) {
 282                 if (io_u->error) {
 283                         td_verror(td, io_u->error, "td_io_queue");
 284                         return 1;
 285                 }
 286
 287                 if (io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u, NULL) < 0)
 288                         return 1;
 289         } else if (ret == FIO_Q_BUSY) {
 290                 if (td_io_commit(td))
 291                         return 1;
 292                 goto requeue;
 293         }
 294
 295         return 0;
 296 }
 297
 298 static inline void __update_tv_cache(struct thread_data *td)
 299 {
 300         fio_gettime(&td->tv_cache, NULL);
 301 }
 302
 303 static inline void update_tv_cache(struct thread_data *td)
 304 {
 305         if ((++td->tv_cache_nr & td->tv_cache_mask) == td->tv_cache_mask)
 306                 __update_tv_cache(td);
 307 }
 308
 309 static inline int runtime_exceeded(struct thread_data *td, struct timeval *t)
 310 {
 311         if (in_ramp_time(td))
 312                 return 0;
 313         if (!td->o.timeout)
 314                 return 0;
 315         if (mtime_since(&td->epoch, t) >= td->o.timeout * 1000)
 316                 return 1;
 317
 318         return 0;
 319 }
 320
 321 static int break_on_this_error(struct thread_data *td, enum fio_ddir ddir,
 322                                int *retptr)
 323 {
 324         int ret = *retptr;
 325
 326         if (ret < 0 || td->error) {
 327                 int err;
 328
 329                 if (ret < 0)
 330                         err = -ret;
 331                 else
 332                         err = td->error;
 333
 334                 if (!(td->o.continue_on_error & td_error_type(ddir, err)))
 335                         return 1;
 336
 337                 if (td_non_fatal_error(err)) {
 338                         /*
 339                          * Continue with the I/Os in case of
 340                          * a non fatal error.
 341                          */
 342                         update_error_count(td, err);
 343                         td_clear_error(td);
 344                         *retptr = 0;
 345                         return 0;
 346                 } else if (td->o.fill_device && err == ENOSPC) {
 347                         /*
 348                          * We expect to hit this error if
 349                          * fill_device option is set.
 350                          */
 351                         td_clear_error(td);
 352                         td->terminate = 1;
 353                         return 1;
 354                 } else {
 355                         /*
 356                          * Stop the I/O in case of a fatal
 357                          * error.
 358                          */
 359                         update_error_count(td, err);
 360                         return 1;
 361                 }
 362         }
 363
 364         return 0;
 365 }
 366
 367 /*
 368  * The main verify engine. Runs over the writes we previously submitted,
 369  * reads the blocks back in, and checks the crc/md5 of the data.
 370  */
 371 static void do_verify(struct thread_data *td)
 372 {
 373         struct fio_file *f;
 374         struct io_u *io_u;
 375         int ret, min_events;
 376         unsigned int i;
 377
 378         dprint(FD_VERIFY, "starting loop\n");
 379
 380         /*
 381          * sync io first and invalidate cache, to make sure we really
 382          * read from disk.
 383          */
 384         for_each_file(td, f, i) {
 385                 if (!fio_file_open(f))
 386                         continue;
 387                 if (fio_io_sync(td, f))
 388                         break;
 389                 if (file_invalidate_cache(td, f))
 390                         break;
 391         }
 392
 393         if (td->error)
 394                 return;
 395
 396         td_set_runstate(td, TD_VERIFYING);
 397
 398         io_u = NULL;
 399         while (!td->terminate) {
 400                 int ret2, full;
 401
 402                 update_tv_cache(td);
 403
 404                 if (runtime_exceeded(td, &td->tv_cache)) {
 405                         __update_tv_cache(td);
 406                         if (runtime_exceeded(td, &td->tv_cache)) {
 407                                 td->terminate = 1;
 408                                 break;
 409                         }
 410                 }
 411
 412                 if (flow_threshold_exceeded(td))
 413                         continue;
 414
 415                 io_u = __get_io_u(td);
 416                 if (!io_u)
 417                         break;
 418
 419                 if (get_next_verify(td, io_u)) {
 420                         put_io_u(td, io_u);
 421                         break;
 422                 }
 423
 424                 if (td_io_prep(td, io_u)) {
 425                         put_io_u(td, io_u);
 426                         break;
 427                 }
 428
 429                 if (td->o.verify_async)
 430                         io_u->end_io = verify_io_u_async;
 431                 else
 432                         io_u->end_io = verify_io_u;
 433
 434                 ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
 435                 switch (ret) {
 436                 case FIO_Q_COMPLETED:
 437                         if (io_u->error) {
 438                                 ret = -io_u->error;
 439                                 clear_io_u(td, io_u);
 440                         } else if (io_u->resid) {
 441                                 int bytes = io_u->xfer_buflen - io_u->resid;
 442
 443                                 /*
 444                                  * zero read, fail
 445                                  */
 446                                 if (!bytes) {
 447                                         td_verror(td, EIO, "full resid");
 448                                         put_io_u(td, io_u);
 449                                         break;
 450                                 }
 451
 452                                 io_u->xfer_buflen = io_u->resid;
 453                                 io_u->xfer_buf += bytes;
 454                                 io_u->offset += bytes;
 455
 456                                 if (ddir_rw(io_u->ddir))
 457                                         td->ts.short_io_u[io_u->ddir]++;
 458
 459                                 f = io_u->file;
 460                                 if (io_u->offset == f->real_file_size)
 461                                         goto sync_done;
 462
 463                                 requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
 464                         } else {
 465 sync_done:
 466                                 ret = io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u, NULL);
 467                                 if (ret < 0)
 468                                         break;
 469                         }
 470                         continue;
 471                 case FIO_Q_QUEUED:
 472                         break;
 473                 case FIO_Q_BUSY:
 474                         requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
 475                         ret2 = td_io_commit(td);
 476                         if (ret2 < 0)
 477                                 ret = ret2;
 478                         break;
 479                 default:
 480                         assert(ret < 0);
 481                         td_verror(td, -ret, "td_io_queue");
 482                         break;
 483                 }
 484
 485                 if (break_on_this_error(td, io_u->ddir, &ret))
 486                         break;
 487
 488                 /*
 489                  * if we can queue more, do so. but check if there are
 490                  * completed io_u's first. Note that we can get BUSY even
 491                  * without IO queued, if the system is resource starved.
 492                  */
 493                 full = queue_full(td) || (ret == FIO_Q_BUSY && td->cur_depth);
 494                 if (full || !td->o.iodepth_batch_complete) {
 495                         min_events = min(td->o.iodepth_batch_complete,
 496                                          td->cur_depth);
 497                         /*
 498                          * if the queue is full, we MUST reap at least 1 event
 499                          */
 500                         if (full && !min_events)
 501                                 min_events = 1;
 502
 503                         do {
 504                                 /*
 505                                  * Reap required number of io units, if any,
 506                                  * and do the verification on them through
 507                                  * the callback handler
 508                                  */
 509                                 if (io_u_queued_complete(td, min_events, NULL) < 0) {
 510                                         ret = -1;
 511                                         break;
 512                                 }
 513                         } while (full && (td->cur_depth > td->o.iodepth_low));
 514                 }
 515                 if (ret < 0)
 516                         break;
 517         }
 518
 519         if (!td->error) {
 520                 min_events = td->cur_depth;
 521
 522                 if (min_events)
 523                         ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, min_events, NULL);
 524         } else
 525                 cleanup_pending_aio(td);
 526
 527         td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
 528
 529         dprint(FD_VERIFY, "exiting loop\n");
 530 }
 531
 532 static int io_bytes_exceeded(struct thread_data *td)
 533 {
 534         unsigned long long bytes;
 535
 536         if (td_rw(td))
 537                 bytes = td->this_io_bytes[0] + td->this_io_bytes[1];
 538         else if (td_write(td))
 539                 bytes = td->this_io_bytes[1];
 540         else
 541                 bytes = td->this_io_bytes[0];
 542
 543         return bytes >= td->o.size;
 544 }
 545
 546 /*
 547  * Main IO worker function. It retrieves io_u's to process and queues
 548  * and reaps them, checking for rate and errors along the way.
 549  */
 550 static void do_io(struct thread_data *td)
 551 {
 552         unsigned int i;
 553         int ret = 0;
 554
 555         if (in_ramp_time(td))
 556                 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RAMP);
 557         else
 558                 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
 559
 560         while ((td->o.read_iolog_file && !flist_empty(&td->io_log_list)) ||
 561                 (!flist_empty(&td->trim_list)) || !io_bytes_exceeded(td)) {
 562                 struct timeval comp_time;
 563                 unsigned long bytes_done[2] = { 0, 0 };
 564                 int min_evts = 0;
 565                 struct io_u *io_u;
 566                 int ret2, full;
 567                 enum fio_ddir ddir;
 568
 569                 if (td->terminate)
 570                         break;
 571
 572                 update_tv_cache(td);
 573
 574                 if (runtime_exceeded(td, &td->tv_cache)) {
 575                         __update_tv_cache(td);
 576                         if (runtime_exceeded(td, &td->tv_cache)) {
 577                                 td->terminate = 1;
 578                                 break;
 579                         }
 580                 }
 581
 582                 if (flow_threshold_exceeded(td))
 583                         continue;
 584
 585                 io_u = get_io_u(td);
 586                 if (!io_u)
 587                         break;
 588
 589                 ddir = io_u->ddir;
 590
 591                 /*
 592                  * Add verification end_io handler if:
 593                  *      - Asked to verify (!td_rw(td))
 594                  *      - Or the io_u is from our verify list (mixed write/ver)
 595                  */
 596                 if (td->o.verify != VERIFY_NONE && io_u->ddir == DDIR_READ &&
 597                     ((io_u->flags & IO_U_F_VER_LIST) || !td_rw(td))) {
 598                         if (td->o.verify_async)
 599                                 io_u->end_io = verify_io_u_async;
 600                         else
 601                                 io_u->end_io = verify_io_u;
 602                         td_set_runstate(td, TD_VERIFYING);
 603                 } else if (in_ramp_time(td))
 604                         td_set_runstate(td, TD_RAMP);
 605                 else
 606                         td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
 607
 608                 ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
 609                 switch (ret) {
 610                 case FIO_Q_COMPLETED:
 611                         if (io_u->error) {
 612                                 ret = -io_u->error;
 613                                 clear_io_u(td, io_u);
 614                         } else if (io_u->resid) {
 615                                 int bytes = io_u->xfer_buflen - io_u->resid;
 616                                 struct fio_file *f = io_u->file;
 617
 618                                 /*
 619                                  * zero read, fail
 620                                  */
 621                                 if (!bytes) {
 622                                         td_verror(td, EIO, "full resid");
 623                                         put_io_u(td, io_u);
 624                                         break;
 625                                 }
 626
 627                                 io_u->xfer_buflen = io_u->resid;
 628                                 io_u->xfer_buf += bytes;
 629                                 io_u->offset += bytes;
 630
 631                                 if (ddir_rw(io_u->ddir))
 632                                         td->ts.short_io_u[io_u->ddir]++;
 633
 634                                 if (io_u->offset == f->real_file_size)
 635                                         goto sync_done;
 636
 637                                 requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
 638                         } else {
 639 sync_done:
 640                                 if (__should_check_rate(td, 0) ||
 641                                     __should_check_rate(td, 1))
 642                                         fio_gettime(&comp_time, NULL);
 643
 644                                 ret = io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u, bytes_done);
 645                                 if (ret < 0)
 646                                         break;
 647                         }
 648                         break;
 649                 case FIO_Q_QUEUED:
 650                         /*
 651                          * if the engine doesn't have a commit hook,
 652                          * the io_u is really queued. if it does have such
 653                          * a hook, it has to call io_u_queued() itself.
 654                          */
 655                         if (td->io_ops->commit == NULL)
 656                                 io_u_queued(td, io_u);
 657                         break;
 658                 case FIO_Q_BUSY:
 659                         requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
 660                         ret2 = td_io_commit(td);
 661                         if (ret2 < 0)
 662                                 ret = ret2;
 663                         break;
 664                 default:
 665                         assert(ret < 0);
 666                         put_io_u(td, io_u);
 667                         break;
 668                 }
 669
 670                 if (break_on_this_error(td, ddir, &ret))
 671                         break;
 672
 673                 /*
 674                  * See if we need to complete some commands. Note that we
 675                  * can get BUSY even without IO queued, if the system is
 676                  * resource starved.
 677                  */
 678                 full = queue_full(td) || (ret == FIO_Q_BUSY && td->cur_depth);
 679                 if (full || !td->o.iodepth_batch_complete) {
 680                         min_evts = min(td->o.iodepth_batch_complete,
 681                                         td->cur_depth);
 682                         /*
 683                          * if the queue is full, we MUST reap at least 1 event
 684                          */
 685                         if (full && !min_evts)
 686                                 min_evts = 1;
 687
 688                         if (__should_check_rate(td, 0) ||
 689                             __should_check_rate(td, 1))
 690                                 fio_gettime(&comp_time, NULL);
 691
 692                         do {
 693                                 ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, min_evts, bytes_done);
 694                                 if (ret < 0)
 695                                         break;
 696
 697                         } while (full && (td->cur_depth > td->o.iodepth_low));
 698                 }
 699
 700                 if (ret < 0)
 701                         break;
 702                 if (!(bytes_done[0] + bytes_done[1]))
 703                         continue;
 704
 705                 if (!in_ramp_time(td) && should_check_rate(td, bytes_done)) {
 706                         if (check_min_rate(td, &comp_time, bytes_done)) {
 707                                 if (exitall_on_terminate)
 708                                         fio_terminate_threads(td->groupid);
 709                                 td_verror(td, EIO, "check_min_rate");
 710                                 break;
 711                         }
 712                 }
 713
 714                 if (td->o.thinktime) {
 715                         unsigned long long b;
 716
 717                         b = td->io_blocks[0] + td->io_blocks[1];
 718                         if (!(b % td->o.thinktime_blocks)) {
 719                                 int left;
 720
 721                                 if (td->o.thinktime_spin)
 722                                         usec_spin(td->o.thinktime_spin);
 723
 724                                 left = td->o.thinktime - td->o.thinktime_spin;
 725                                 if (left)
 726                                         usec_sleep(td, left);
 727                         }
 728                 }
 729         }
 730
 731         if (td->trim_entries)
 732                 log_err("fio: %d trim entries leaked?\n", td->trim_entries);
 733
 734         if (td->o.fill_device && td->error == ENOSPC) {
 735                 td->error = 0;
 736                 td->terminate = 1;
 737         }
 738         if (!td->error) {
 739                 struct fio_file *f;
 740
 741                 i = td->cur_depth;
 742                 if (i) {
 743                         ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, i, NULL);
 744                         if (td->o.fill_device && td->error == ENOSPC)
 745                                 td->error = 0;
 746                 }
 747
 748                 if (should_fsync(td) && td->o.end_fsync) {
 749                         td_set_runstate(td, TD_FSYNCING);
 750
 751                         for_each_file(td, f, i) {
 752                                 if (!fio_file_open(f))
 753                                         continue;
 754                                 fio_io_sync(td, f);
 755                         }
 756                 }
 757         } else
 758                 cleanup_pending_aio(td);
 759
 760         /*
 761          * stop job if we failed doing any IO
 762          */
 763         if ((td->this_io_bytes[0] + td->this_io_bytes[1]) == 0)
 764                 td->done = 1;
 765 }
 766
 767 static void cleanup_io_u(struct thread_data *td)
 768 {
 769         struct flist_head *entry, *n;
 770         struct io_u *io_u;
 771
 772         flist_for_each_safe(entry, n, &td->io_u_freelist) {
 773                 io_u = flist_entry(entry, struct io_u, list);
 774
 775                 flist_del(&io_u->list);
 776                 fio_memfree(io_u, sizeof(*io_u));
 777         }
 778
 779         free_io_mem(td);
 780 }
 781
 782 static int init_io_u(struct thread_data *td)
 783 {
 784         struct io_u *io_u;
 785         unsigned int max_bs, min_write;
 786         int cl_align, i, max_units;
 787         char *p;
 788
 789         max_units = td->o.iodepth;
 790         max_bs = max(td->o.max_bs[DDIR_READ], td->o.max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]);
 791         min_write = td->o.min_bs[DDIR_WRITE];
 792         td->orig_buffer_size = (unsigned long long) max_bs
 793                                         * (unsigned long long) max_units;
 794
 795         if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_SHMHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE) {
 796                 unsigned long bs;
 797
 798                 bs = td->orig_buffer_size + td->o.hugepage_size - 1;
 799                 td->orig_buffer_size = bs & ~(td->o.hugepage_size - 1);
 800         }
 801
 802         if (td->orig_buffer_size != (size_t) td->orig_buffer_size) {
 803                 log_err("fio: IO memory too large. Reduce max_bs or iodepth\n");
 804                 return 1;
 805         }
 806
 807         if (allocate_io_mem(td))
 808                 return 1;
 809
 810         if (td->o.odirect || td->o.mem_align ||
 811             (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_RAWIO))
 812                 p = PAGE_ALIGN(td->orig_buffer) + td->o.mem_align;
 813         else
 814                 p = td->orig_buffer;
 815
 816         cl_align = os_cache_line_size();
 817
 818         for (i = 0; i < max_units; i++) {
 819                 void *ptr;
 820
 821                 if (td->terminate)
 822                         return 1;
 823
 824                 ptr = fio_memalign(cl_align, sizeof(*io_u));
 825                 if (!ptr) {
 826                         log_err("fio: unable to allocate aligned memory\n");
 827                         break;
 828                 }
 829
 830                 io_u = ptr;
 831                 memset(io_u, 0, sizeof(*io_u));
 832                 INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&io_u->list);
 833                 dprint(FD_MEM, "io_u alloc %p, index %u\n", io_u, i);
 834
 835                 if (!(td->io_ops->flags & FIO_NOIO)) {
 836                         io_u->buf = p;
 837                         dprint(FD_MEM, "io_u %p, mem %p\n", io_u, io_u->buf);
 838
 839                         if (td_write(td))
 840                                 io_u_fill_buffer(td, io_u, min_write, max_bs);
 841                         if (td_write(td) && td->o.verify_pattern_bytes) {
 842                                 /*
 843                                  * Fill the buffer with the pattern if we are
 844                                  * going to be doing writes.
 845                                  */
 846                                 fill_pattern(td, io_u->buf, max_bs, io_u, 0, 0);
 847                         }
 848                 }
 849
 850                 io_u->index = i;
 851                 io_u->flags = IO_U_F_FREE;
 852                 flist_add(&io_u->list, &td->io_u_freelist);
 853                 p += max_bs;
 854         }
 855
 856         return 0;
 857 }
 858
 859 static int switch_ioscheduler(struct thread_data *td)
 860 {
 861         char tmp[256], tmp2[128];
 862         FILE *f;
 863         int ret;
 864
 865         if (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_DISKLESSIO)
 866                 return 0;
 867
 868         sprintf(tmp, "%s/queue/scheduler", td->sysfs_root);
 869
 870         f = fopen(tmp, "r+");
 871         if (!f) {
 872                 if (errno == ENOENT) {
 873                         log_err("fio: os or kernel doesn't support IO scheduler"
 874                                 " switching\n");
 875                         return 0;
 876                 }
 877                 td_verror(td, errno, "fopen iosched");
 878                 return 1;
 879         }
 880
 881         /*
 882          * Set io scheduler.
 883          */
 884         ret = fwrite(td->o.ioscheduler, strlen(td->o.ioscheduler), 1, f);
 885         if (ferror(f) || ret != 1) {
 886                 td_verror(td, errno, "fwrite");
 887                 fclose(f);
 888                 return 1;
 889         }
 890
 891         rewind(f);
 892
 893         /*
 894          * Read back and check that the selected scheduler is now the default.
 895          */
 896         ret = fread(tmp, 1, sizeof(tmp), f);
 897         if (ferror(f) || ret < 0) {
 898                 td_verror(td, errno, "fread");
 899                 fclose(f);
 900                 return 1;
 901         }
 902
 903         sprintf(tmp2, "[%s]", td->o.ioscheduler);
 904         if (!strstr(tmp, tmp2)) {
 905                 log_err("fio: io scheduler %s not found\n", td->o.ioscheduler);
 906                 td_verror(td, EINVAL, "iosched_switch");
 907                 fclose(f);
 908                 return 1;
 909         }
 910
 911         fclose(f);
 912         return 0;
 913 }
 914
 915 static int keep_running(struct thread_data *td)
 916 {
 917         unsigned long long io_done;
 918
 919         if (td->done)
 920                 return 0;
 921         if (td->o.time_based)
 922                 return 1;
 923         if (td->o.loops) {
 924                 td->o.loops--;
 925                 return 1;
 926         }
 927
 928         io_done = td->io_bytes[DDIR_READ] + td->io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE]
 929                         + td->io_skip_bytes;
 930         if (io_done < td->o.size)
 931                 return 1;
 932
 933         return 0;
 934 }
 935
 936 static int exec_string(const char *string)
 937 {
 938         int ret, newlen = strlen(string) + 1 + 8;
 939         char *str;
 940
 941         str = malloc(newlen);
 942         sprintf(str, "sh -c %s", string);
 943
 944         ret = system(str);
 945         if (ret == -1)
 946                 log_err("fio: exec of cmd <%s> failed\n", str);
 947
 948         free(str);
 949         return ret;
 950 }
 951
 952 /*
 953  * Entry point for the thread based jobs. The process based jobs end up
 954  * here as well, after a little setup.
 955  */
 956 static void *thread_main(void *data)
 957 {
 958         unsigned long long elapsed;
 959         struct thread_data *td = data;
 960         pthread_condattr_t attr;
 961         int clear_state;
 962
 963         if (!td->o.use_thread) {
 964                 setsid();
 965                 td->pid = getpid();
 966         } else
 967                 td->pid = gettid();
 968
 969         dprint(FD_PROCESS, "jobs pid=%d started\n", (int) td->pid);
 970
 971         INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->io_u_freelist);
 972         INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->io_u_busylist);
 973         INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->io_u_requeues);
 974         INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->io_log_list);
 975         INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->io_hist_list);
 976         INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->verify_list);
 977         INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->trim_list);
 978         pthread_mutex_init(&td->io_u_lock, NULL);
 979         td->io_hist_tree = RB_ROOT;
 980
 981         pthread_condattr_init(&attr);
 982         pthread_cond_init(&td->verify_cond, &attr);
 983         pthread_cond_init(&td->free_cond, &attr);
 984
 985         td_set_runstate(td, TD_INITIALIZED);
 986         dprint(FD_MUTEX, "up startup_mutex\n");
 987         fio_mutex_up(startup_mutex);
 988         dprint(FD_MUTEX, "wait on td->mutex\n");
 989         fio_mutex_down(td->mutex);
 990         dprint(FD_MUTEX, "done waiting on td->mutex\n");
 991
 992         /*
 993          * the ->mutex mutex is now no longer used, close it to avoid
 994          * eating a file descriptor
 995          */
 996         fio_mutex_remove(td->mutex);
 997
 998         /*
 999          * A new gid requires privilege, so we need to do this before setting
1000          * the uid.
1001          */
1002         if (td->o.gid != -1U && setgid(td->o.gid)) {
1003                 td_verror(td, errno, "setgid");
1004                 goto err;
1005         }
1006         if (td->o.uid != -1U && setuid(td->o.uid)) {
1007                 td_verror(td, errno, "setuid");
1008                 goto err;
1009         }
1010
1011         /*
1012          * If we have a gettimeofday() thread, make sure we exclude that
1013          * thread from this job
1014          */
1015         if (td->o.gtod_cpu)
1016                 fio_cpu_clear(&td->o.cpumask, td->o.gtod_cpu);
1017
1018         /*
1019          * Set affinity first, in case it has an impact on the memory
1020          * allocations.
1021          */
1022         if (td->o.cpumask_set && fio_setaffinity(td->pid, td->o.cpumask) == -1) {
1023                 td_verror(td, errno, "cpu_set_affinity");
1024                 goto err;
1025         }
1026
1027         /*
1028          * May alter parameters that init_io_u() will use, so we need to
1029          * do this first.
1030          */
1031         if (init_iolog(td))
1032                 goto err;
1033
1034         if (init_io_u(td))
1035                 goto err;
1036
1037         if (td->o.verify_async && verify_async_init(td))
1038                 goto err;
1039
1040         if (td->ioprio_set) {
1041                 if (ioprio_set(IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS, 0, td->ioprio) == -1) {
1042                         td_verror(td, errno, "ioprio_set");
1043                         goto err;
1044                 }
1045         }
1046
1047         if (td->o.cgroup_weight && cgroup_setup(td, cgroup_list, &cgroup_mnt))
1048                 goto err;
1049
1050         errno = 0;
1051         if (nice(td->o.nice) == -1 && errno != 0) {
1052                 td_verror(td, errno, "nice");
1053                 goto err;
1054         }
1055
1056         if (td->o.ioscheduler && switch_ioscheduler(td))
1057                 goto err;
1058
1059         if (!td->o.create_serialize && setup_files(td))
1060                 goto err;
1061
1062         if (td_io_init(td))
1063                 goto err;
1064
1065         if (init_random_map(td))
1066                 goto err;
1067
1068         if (td->o.exec_prerun) {
1069                 if (exec_string(td->o.exec_prerun))
1070                         goto err;
1071         }
1072
1073         if (td->o.pre_read) {
1074                 if (pre_read_files(td) < 0)
1075                         goto err;
1076         }
1077
1078         fio_gettime(&td->epoch, NULL);
1079         getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &td->ru_start);
1080
1081         clear_state = 0;
1082         while (keep_running(td)) {
1083                 fio_gettime(&td->start, NULL);
1084                 memcpy(&td->bw_sample_time, &td->start, sizeof(td->start));
1085                 memcpy(&td->iops_sample_time, &td->start, sizeof(td->start));
1086                 memcpy(&td->tv_cache, &td->start, sizeof(td->start));
1087
1088                 if (td->o.ratemin[0] || td->o.ratemin[1]) {
1089                         memcpy(&td->lastrate[0], &td->bw_sample_time,
1090                                                 sizeof(td->bw_sample_time));
1091                         memcpy(&td->lastrate[1], &td->bw_sample_time,
1092                                                 sizeof(td->bw_sample_time));
1093                 }
1094
1095                 if (clear_state)
1096                         clear_io_state(td);
1097
1098                 prune_io_piece_log(td);
1099
1100                 do_io(td);
1101
1102                 clear_state = 1;
1103
1104                 if (td_read(td) && td->io_bytes[DDIR_READ]) {
1105                         elapsed = utime_since_now(&td->start);
1106                         td->ts.runtime[DDIR_READ] += elapsed;
1107                 }
1108                 if (td_write(td) && td->io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE]) {
1109                         elapsed = utime_since_now(&td->start);
1110                         td->ts.runtime[DDIR_WRITE] += elapsed;
1111                 }
1112
1113                 if (td->error || td->terminate)
1114                         break;
1115
1116                 if (!td->o.do_verify ||
1117                     td->o.verify == VERIFY_NONE ||
1118                     (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_UNIDIR))
1119                         continue;
1120
1121                 clear_io_state(td);
1122
1123                 fio_gettime(&td->start, NULL);
1124
1125                 do_verify(td);
1126
1127                 td->ts.runtime[DDIR_READ] += utime_since_now(&td->start);
1128
1129                 if (td->error || td->terminate)
1130                         break;
1131         }
1132
1133         update_rusage_stat(td);
1134         td->ts.runtime[0] = (td->ts.runtime[0] + 999) / 1000;
1135         td->ts.runtime[1] = (td->ts.runtime[1] + 999) / 1000;
1136         td->ts.total_run_time = mtime_since_now(&td->epoch);
1137         td->ts.io_bytes[0] = td->io_bytes[0];
1138         td->ts.io_bytes[1] = td->io_bytes[1];
1139
1140         fio_mutex_down(writeout_mutex);
1141         if (td->bw_log) {
1142                 if (td->o.bw_log_file) {
1143                         finish_log_named(td, td->bw_log,
1144                                                 td->o.bw_log_file, "bw");
1145                 } else
1146                         finish_log(td, td->bw_log, "bw");
1147         }
1148         if (td->lat_log) {
1149                 if (td->o.lat_log_file) {
1150                         finish_log_named(td, td->lat_log,
1151                                                 td->o.lat_log_file, "lat");
1152                 } else
1153                         finish_log(td, td->lat_log, "lat");
1154         }
1155         if (td->slat_log) {
1156                 if (td->o.lat_log_file) {
1157                         finish_log_named(td, td->slat_log,
1158                                                 td->o.lat_log_file, "slat");
1159                 } else
1160                         finish_log(td, td->slat_log, "slat");
1161         }
1162         if (td->clat_log) {
1163                 if (td->o.lat_log_file) {
1164                         finish_log_named(td, td->clat_log,
1165                                                 td->o.lat_log_file, "clat");
1166                 } else
1167                         finish_log(td, td->clat_log, "clat");
1168         }
1169         if (td->iops_log) {
1170                 if (td->o.iops_log_file) {
1171                         finish_log_named(td, td->iops_log,
1172                                                 td->o.iops_log_file, "iops");
1173                 } else
1174                         finish_log(td, td->iops_log, "iops");
1175         }
1176
1177         fio_mutex_up(writeout_mutex);
1178         if (td->o.exec_postrun)
1179                 exec_string(td->o.exec_postrun);
1180
1181         if (exitall_on_terminate)
1182                 fio_terminate_threads(td->groupid);
1183
1184 err:
1185         if (td->error)
1186                 log_info("fio: pid=%d, err=%d/%s\n", (int) td->pid, td->error,
1187                                                         td->verror);
1188
1189         if (td->o.verify_async)
1190                 verify_async_exit(td);
1191
1192         close_and_free_files(td);
1193         close_ioengine(td);
1194         cleanup_io_u(td);
1195         cgroup_shutdown(td, &cgroup_mnt);
1196
1197         if (td->o.cpumask_set) {
1198                 int ret = fio_cpuset_exit(&td->o.cpumask);
1199
1200                 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_exit");
1201         }
1202
1203         /*
1204          * do this very late, it will log file closing as well
1205          */
1206         if (td->o.write_iolog_file)
1207                 write_iolog_close(td);
1208
1209         td_set_runstate(td, TD_EXITED);
1210         return (void *) (uintptr_t) td->error;
1211 }
1212
1213
1214 /*
1215  * We cannot pass the td data into a forked process, so attach the td and
1216  * pass it to the thread worker.
1217  */
1218 static int fork_main(int shmid, int offset)
1219 {
1220         struct thread_data *td;
1221         void *data, *ret;
1222
1223 #ifndef __hpux
1224         data = shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);
1225         if (data == (void *) -1) {
1226                 int __err = errno;
1227
1228                 perror("shmat");
1229                 return __err;
1230         }
1231 #else
1232         /*
1233          * HP-UX inherits shm mappings?
1234          */
1235         data = threads;
1236 #endif
1237
1238         td = data + offset * sizeof(struct thread_data);
1239         ret = thread_main(td);
1240         shmdt(data);
1241         return (int) (uintptr_t) ret;
1242 }
1243
1244 /*
1245  * Run over the job map and reap the threads that have exited, if any.
1246  */
1247 static void reap_threads(unsigned int *nr_running, unsigned int *t_rate,
1248                          unsigned int *m_rate)
1249 {
1250         struct thread_data *td;
1251         unsigned int cputhreads, realthreads, pending;
1252         int i, status, ret;
1253
1254         /*
1255          * reap exited threads (TD_EXITED -> TD_REAPED)
1256          */
1257         realthreads = pending = cputhreads = 0;
1258         for_each_td(td, i) {
1259                 int flags = 0;
1260
1261                 /*
1262                  * ->io_ops is NULL for a thread that has closed its
1263                  * io engine
1264                  */
1265                 if (td->io_ops && !strcmp(td->io_ops->name, "cpuio"))
1266                         cputhreads++;
1267                 else
1268                         realthreads++;
1269
1270                 if (!td->pid) {
1271                         pending++;
1272                         continue;
1273                 }
1274                 if (td->runstate == TD_REAPED)
1275                         continue;
1276                 if (td->o.use_thread) {
1277                         if (td->runstate == TD_EXITED) {
1278                                 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1279                                 goto reaped;
1280                         }
1281                         continue;
1282                 }
1283
1284                 flags = WNOHANG;
1285                 if (td->runstate == TD_EXITED)
1286                         flags = 0;
1287
1288                 /*
1289                  * check if someone quit or got killed in an unusual way
1290                  */
1291                 ret = waitpid(td->pid, &status, flags);
1292                 if (ret < 0) {
1293                         if (errno == ECHILD) {
1294                                 log_err("fio: pid=%d disappeared %d\n",
1295                                                 (int) td->pid, td->runstate);
1296                                 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1297                                 goto reaped;
1298                         }
1299                         perror("waitpid");
1300                 } else if (ret == td->pid) {
1301                         if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
1302                                 int sig = WTERMSIG(status);
1303
1304                                 if (sig != SIGTERM)
1305                                         log_err("fio: pid=%d, got signal=%d\n",
1306                                                         (int) td->pid, sig);
1307                                 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1308                                 goto reaped;
1309                         }
1310                         if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
1311                                 if (WEXITSTATUS(status) && !td->error)
1312                                         td->error = WEXITSTATUS(status);
1313
1314                                 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1315                                 goto reaped;
1316                         }
1317                 }
1318
1319                 /*
1320                  * thread is not dead, continue
1321                  */
1322                 pending++;
1323                 continue;
1324 reaped:
1325                 (*nr_running)--;
1326                 (*m_rate) -= (td->o.ratemin[0] + td->o.ratemin[1]);
1327                 (*t_rate) -= (td->o.rate[0] + td->o.rate[1]);
1328                 if (!td->pid)
1329                         pending--;
1330
1331                 if (td->error)
1332                         exit_value++;
1333
1334                 done_secs += mtime_since_now(&td->epoch) / 1000;
1335         }
1336
1337         if (*nr_running == cputhreads && !pending && realthreads)
1338                 fio_terminate_threads(TERMINATE_ALL);
1339 }
1340
1341 /*
1342  * Main function for kicking off and reaping jobs, as needed.
1343  */
1344 static void run_threads(void)
1345 {
1346         struct thread_data *td;
1347         unsigned long spent;
1348         unsigned int i, todo, nr_running, m_rate, t_rate, nr_started;
1349
1350         if (fio_pin_memory())
1351                 return;
1352
1353         if (fio_gtod_offload && fio_start_gtod_thread())
1354                 return;
1355
1356         set_sig_handlers();
1357
1358         if (!terse_output) {
1359                 log_info("Starting ");
1360                 if (nr_thread)
1361                         log_info("%d thread%s", nr_thread,
1362                                                 nr_thread > 1 ? "s" : "");
1363                 if (nr_process) {
1364                         if (nr_thread)
1365                                 log_info(" and ");
1366                         log_info("%d process%s", nr_process,
1367                                                 nr_process > 1 ? "es" : "");
1368                 }
1369                 log_info("\n");
1370                 fflush(stdout);
1371         }
1372
1373         todo = thread_number;
1374         nr_running = 0;
1375         nr_started = 0;
1376         m_rate = t_rate = 0;
1377
1378         for_each_td(td, i) {
1379                 print_status_init(td->thread_number - 1);
1380
1381                 if (!td->o.create_serialize)
1382                         continue;
1383
1384                 /*
1385                  * do file setup here so it happens sequentially,
1386                  * we don't want X number of threads getting their
1387                  * client data interspersed on disk
1388                  */
1389                 if (setup_files(td)) {
1390                         exit_value++;
1391                         if (td->error)
1392                                 log_err("fio: pid=%d, err=%d/%s\n",
1393                                         (int) td->pid, td->error, td->verror);
1394                         td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1395                         todo--;
1396                 } else {
1397                         struct fio_file *f;
1398                         unsigned int j;
1399
1400                         /*
1401                          * for sharing to work, each job must always open
1402                          * its own files. so close them, if we opened them
1403                          * for creation
1404                          */
1405                         for_each_file(td, f, j) {
1406                                 if (fio_file_open(f))
1407                                         td_io_close_file(td, f);
1408                         }
1409                 }
1410         }
1411
1412         set_genesis_time();
1413
1414         while (todo) {
1415                 struct thread_data *map[REAL_MAX_JOBS];
1416                 struct timeval this_start;
1417                 int this_jobs = 0, left;
1418
1419                 /*
1420                  * create threads (TD_NOT_CREATED -> TD_CREATED)
1421                  */
1422                 for_each_td(td, i) {
1423                         if (td->runstate != TD_NOT_CREATED)
1424                                 continue;
1425
1426                         /*
1427                          * never got a chance to start, killed by other
1428                          * thread for some reason
1429                          */
1430                         if (td->terminate) {
1431                                 todo--;
1432                                 continue;
1433                         }
1434
1435                         if (td->o.start_delay) {
1436                                 spent = mtime_since_genesis();
1437
1438                                 if (td->o.start_delay * 1000 > spent)
1439                                         continue;
1440                         }
1441
1442                         if (td->o.stonewall && (nr_started || nr_running)) {
1443                                 dprint(FD_PROCESS, "%s: stonewall wait\n",
1444                                                         td->o.name);
1445                                 break;
1446                         }
1447
1448                         init_disk_util(td);
1449
1450                         /*
1451                          * Set state to created. Thread will transition
1452                          * to TD_INITIALIZED when it's done setting up.
1453                          */
1454                         td_set_runstate(td, TD_CREATED);
1455                         map[this_jobs++] = td;
1456                         nr_started++;
1457
1458                         if (td->o.use_thread) {
1459                                 int ret;
1460
1461                                 dprint(FD_PROCESS, "will pthread_create\n");
1462                                 ret = pthread_create(&td->thread, NULL,
1463                                                         thread_main, td);
1464                                 if (ret) {
1465                                         log_err("pthread_create: %s\n",
1466                                                         strerror(ret));
1467                                         nr_started--;
1468                                         break;
1469                                 }
1470                                 ret = pthread_detach(td->thread);
1471                                 if (ret)
1472                                         log_err("pthread_detach: %s",
1473                                                         strerror(ret));
1474                         } else {
1475                                 pid_t pid;
1476                                 dprint(FD_PROCESS, "will fork\n");
1477                                 pid = fork();
1478                                 if (!pid) {
1479                                         int ret = fork_main(shm_id, i);
1480
1481                                         _exit(ret);
1482                                 } else if (i == fio_debug_jobno)
1483                                         *fio_debug_jobp = pid;
1484                         }
1485                         dprint(FD_MUTEX, "wait on startup_mutex\n");
1486                         if (fio_mutex_down_timeout(startup_mutex, 10)) {
1487                                 log_err("fio: job startup hung? exiting.\n");
1488                                 fio_terminate_threads(TERMINATE_ALL);
1489                                 fio_abort = 1;
1490                                 nr_started--;
1491                                 break;
1492                         }
1493                         dprint(FD_MUTEX, "done waiting on startup_mutex\n");
1494                 }
1495
1496                 /*
1497                  * Wait for the started threads to transition to
1498                  * TD_INITIALIZED.
1499                  */
1500                 fio_gettime(&this_start, NULL);
1501                 left = this_jobs;
1502                 while (left && !fio_abort) {
1503                         if (mtime_since_now(&this_start) > JOB_START_TIMEOUT)
1504                                 break;
1505
1506                         usleep(100000);
1507
1508                         for (i = 0; i < this_jobs; i++) {
1509                                 td = map[i];
1510                                 if (!td)
1511                                         continue;
1512                                 if (td->runstate == TD_INITIALIZED) {
1513                                         map[i] = NULL;
1514                                         left--;
1515                                 } else if (td->runstate >= TD_EXITED) {
1516                                         map[i] = NULL;
1517                                         left--;
1518                                         todo--;
1519                                         nr_running++; /* work-around... */
1520                                 }
1521                         }
1522                 }
1523
1524                 if (left) {
1525                         log_err("fio: %d job%s failed to start\n", left,
1526                                         left > 1 ? "s" : "");
1527                         for (i = 0; i < this_jobs; i++) {
1528                                 td = map[i];
1529                                 if (!td)
1530                                         continue;
1531                                 kill(td->pid, SIGTERM);
1532                         }
1533                         break;
1534                 }
1535
1536                 /*
1537                  * start created threads (TD_INITIALIZED -> TD_RUNNING).
1538                  */
1539                 for_each_td(td, i) {
1540                         if (td->runstate != TD_INITIALIZED)
1541                                 continue;
1542
1543                         if (in_ramp_time(td))
1544                                 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RAMP);
1545                         else
1546                                 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
1547                         nr_running++;
1548                         nr_started--;
1549                         m_rate += td->o.ratemin[0] + td->o.ratemin[1];
1550                         t_rate += td->o.rate[0] + td->o.rate[1];
1551                         todo--;
1552                         fio_mutex_up(td->mutex);
1553                 }
1554
1555                 reap_threads(&nr_running, &t_rate, &m_rate);
1556
1557                 if (todo) {
1558                         if (is_backend)
1559                                 fio_server_idle_loop();
1560                         else
1561                                 usleep(100000);
1562                 }
1563         }
1564
1565         while (nr_running) {
1566                 reap_threads(&nr_running, &t_rate, &m_rate);
1567
1568                 if (is_backend)
1569                         fio_server_idle_loop();
1570                 else
1571                         usleep(10000);
1572         }
1573
1574         update_io_ticks();
1575         fio_unpin_memory();
1576 }
1577
1578 static void *disk_thread_main(void *data)
1579 {
1580         fio_mutex_up(startup_mutex);
1581
1582         while (threads) {
1583                 usleep(DISK_UTIL_MSEC * 1000);
1584                 if (!threads)
1585                         break;
1586                 update_io_ticks();
1587
1588                 if (!is_backend)
1589                         print_thread_status();
1590         }
1591
1592         return NULL;
1593 }
1594
1595 static int create_disk_util_thread(void)
1596 {
1597         int ret;
1598
1599         ret = pthread_create(&disk_util_thread, NULL, disk_thread_main, NULL);
1600         if (ret) {
1601                 log_err("Can't create disk util thread: %s\n", strerror(ret));
1602                 return 1;
1603         }
1604
1605         ret = pthread_detach(disk_util_thread);
1606         if (ret) {
1607                 log_err("Can't detatch disk util thread: %s\n", strerror(ret));
1608                 return 1;
1609         }
1610
1611         dprint(FD_MUTEX, "wait on startup_mutex\n");
1612         fio_mutex_down(startup_mutex);
1613         dprint(FD_MUTEX, "done waiting on startup_mutex\n");
1614         return 0;
1615 }
1616
1617 int fio_backend(void)
1618 {
1619         struct thread_data *td;
1620         int i;
1621
1622         if (exec_profile) {
1623                 if (load_profile(exec_profile))
1624                         return 1;
1625                 free(exec_profile);
1626                 exec_profile = NULL;
1627         }
1628         if (!thread_number)
1629                 return 0;
1630
1631         if (write_bw_log) {
1632                 setup_log(&agg_io_log[DDIR_READ], 0, IO_LOG_TYPE_BW);
1633                 setup_log(&agg_io_log[DDIR_WRITE], 0, IO_LOG_TYPE_BW);
1634         }
1635
1636         startup_mutex = fio_mutex_init(0);
1637         if (startup_mutex == NULL)
1638                 return 1;
1639         writeout_mutex = fio_mutex_init(1);
1640         if (writeout_mutex == NULL)
1641                 return 1;
1642
1643         set_genesis_time();
1644         create_disk_util_thread();
1645
1646         cgroup_list = smalloc(sizeof(*cgroup_list));
1647         INIT_FLIST_HEAD(cgroup_list);
1648
1649         run_threads();
1650
1651         if (!fio_abort) {
1652                 show_run_stats();
1653                 if (write_bw_log) {
1654                         __finish_log(agg_io_log[DDIR_READ], "agg-read_bw.log");
1655                         __finish_log(agg_io_log[DDIR_WRITE],
1656                                         "agg-write_bw.log");
1657                 }
1658         }
1659
1660         for_each_td(td, i)
1661                 fio_options_free(td);
1662
1663         cgroup_kill(cgroup_list);
1664         sfree(cgroup_list);
1665         sfree(cgroup_mnt);
1666
1667         fio_mutex_remove(startup_mutex);
1668         fio_mutex_remove(writeout_mutex);
1669         return exit_value;
1670 }