(*) Debugging.
+ (*) On-demand Read.
Overview
echo $((1|4|8)) >/sys/module/cachefiles/parameters/debug
will turn on all function entry debugging.
+
+
+On-demand Read
+==============
+
+When working in its original mode, CacheFiles serves as a local cache for a
+remote networking fs - while in on-demand read mode, CacheFiles can boost the
+scenario where on-demand read semantics are needed, e.g. container image
+distribution.
+
+The essential difference between these two modes is seen when a cache miss
+occurs: In the original mode, the netfs will fetch the data from the remote
+server and then write it to the cache file; in on-demand read mode, fetching
+the data and writing it into the cache is delegated to a user daemon.
+
+``CONFIG_CACHEFILES_ONDEMAND`` should be enabled to support on-demand read mode.
+
+
+Protocol Communication
+----------------------
+
+The on-demand read mode uses a simple protocol for communication between kernel
+and user daemon. The protocol can be modeled as::
+
+ kernel --[request]--> user daemon --[reply]--> kernel
+
+CacheFiles will send requests to the user daemon when needed. The user daemon
+should poll the devnode ('/dev/cachefiles') to check if there's a pending
+request to be processed. A POLLIN event will be returned when there's a pending
+request.
+
+The user daemon then reads the devnode to fetch a request to process. It should
+be noted that each read only gets one request. When it has finished processing
+the request, the user daemon should write the reply to the devnode.
+
+Each request starts with a message header of the form::
+
+ struct cachefiles_msg {
+ __u32 msg_id;
+ __u32 opcode;
+ __u32 len;
+ __u32 object_id;
+ __u8 data[];
+ };
+
+where:
+
+ * ``msg_id`` is a unique ID identifying this request among all pending
+ requests.
+
+ * ``opcode`` indicates the type of this request.
+
+ * ``object_id`` is a unique ID identifying the cache file operated on.
+
+ * ``data`` indicates the payload of this request.
+
+ * ``len`` indicates the whole length of this request, including the
+ header and following type-specific payload.
+
+
+Turning on On-demand Mode
+-------------------------
+
+An optional parameter becomes available to the "bind" command::
+
+ bind [ondemand]
+
+When the "bind" command is given no argument, it defaults to the original mode.
+When it is given the "ondemand" argument, i.e. "bind ondemand", on-demand read
+mode will be enabled.
+
+
+The OPEN Request
+----------------
+
+When the netfs opens a cache file for the first time, a request with the
+CACHEFILES_OP_OPEN opcode, a.k.a an OPEN request will be sent to the user
+daemon. The payload format is of the form::
+
+ struct cachefiles_open {
+ __u32 volume_key_size;
+ __u32 cookie_key_size;
+ __u32 fd;
+ __u32 flags;
+ __u8 data[];
+ };
+
+where:
+
+ * ``data`` contains the volume_key followed directly by the cookie_key.
+ The volume key is a NUL-terminated string; the cookie key is binary
+ data.
+
+ * ``volume_key_size`` indicates the size of the volume key in bytes.
+
+ * ``cookie_key_size`` indicates the size of the cookie key in bytes.
+
+ * ``fd`` indicates an anonymous fd referring to the cache file, through
+ which the user daemon can perform write/llseek file operations on the
+ cache file.
+
+
+The user daemon can use the given (volume_key, cookie_key) pair to distinguish
+the requested cache file. With the given anonymous fd, the user daemon can
+fetch the data and write it to the cache file in the background, even when
+kernel has not triggered a cache miss yet.
+
+Be noted that each cache file has a unique object_id, while it may have multiple
+anonymous fds. The user daemon may duplicate anonymous fds from the initial
+anonymous fd indicated by the @fd field through dup(). Thus each object_id can
+be mapped to multiple anonymous fds, while the usr daemon itself needs to
+maintain the mapping.
+
+When implementing a user daemon, please be careful of RLIMIT_NOFILE,
+``/proc/sys/fs/nr_open`` and ``/proc/sys/fs/file-max``. Typically these needn't
+be huge since they're related to the number of open device blobs rather than
+open files of each individual filesystem.
+
+The user daemon should reply the OPEN request by issuing a "copen" (complete
+open) command on the devnode::
+
+ copen <msg_id>,<cache_size>
+
+where:
+
+ * ``msg_id`` must match the msg_id field of the OPEN request.
+
+ * When >= 0, ``cache_size`` indicates the size of the cache file;
+ when < 0, ``cache_size`` indicates any error code encountered by the
+ user daemon.
+
+
+The CLOSE Request
+-----------------
+
+When a cookie withdrawn, a CLOSE request (opcode CACHEFILES_OP_CLOSE) will be
+sent to the user daemon. This tells the user daemon to close all anonymous fds
+associated with the given object_id. The CLOSE request has no extra payload,
+and shouldn't be replied.
+
+
+The READ Request
+----------------
+
+When a cache miss is encountered in on-demand read mode, CacheFiles will send a
+READ request (opcode CACHEFILES_OP_READ) to the user daemon. This tells the user
+daemon to fetch the contents of the requested file range. The payload is of the
+form::
+
+ struct cachefiles_read {
+ __u64 off;
+ __u64 len;
+ };
+
+where:
+
+ * ``off`` indicates the starting offset of the requested file range.
+
+ * ``len`` indicates the length of the requested file range.
+
+
+When it receives a READ request, the user daemon should fetch the requested data
+and write it to the cache file identified by object_id.
+
+When it has finished processing the READ request, the user daemon should reply
+by using the CACHEFILES_IOC_READ_COMPLETE ioctl on one of the anonymous fds
+associated with the object_id given in the READ request. The ioctl is of the
+form::
+
+ ioctl(fd, CACHEFILES_IOC_READ_COMPLETE, msg_id);
+
+where:
+
+ * ``fd`` is one of the anonymous fds associated with the object_id
+ given.
+
+ * ``msg_id`` must match the msg_id field of the READ request.
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