spi: Add support for Double Transfer Rate (DTR) mode

Introduce support for protocol drivers to specify whether a transfer
should use single or dual transfer mode. Currently, the SPI controller
cannot determine this information from the user, leading to potential
limitations in transfer capabilities.

Add a new field `dtr_mode` in the `spi_transfer` structure. The `dtr_mode`
field allows protocol drivers to indicate if Double Transfer Rate (DTR)
mode is supported for a given transfer. When `dtr_mode` is set to true,
the SPI controller will use DTR mode; otherwise, it will default to single
transfer mode.

Introduce another field `dtr_caps` to indicate if the QSPI controller is
capable of supporting DTR mode (SDR and DDR). By default, both `dtr_caps`
and `dtr_mode` will be false. These flags manage the QSPI controller's DTR
mode capabilities within the SPI framework.

The QSPI controller driver uses these flags to configure single or double
transfer rates using the controller register.

The existing spi-mem driver helps configure the DTR mode but is limited to
memory devices. There is no support available to set DTR mode for non-memory
devices, e.g., touch or any generic SPI sensor. This change is backward
compatible and doesn't break existing SPI or QSPI drivers.

Changes include:
- Addition of `dtr_mode` and `dtr_caps` fields in the `spi_transfer`
  structure.
- Documentation updates to reflect the new `dtr_mode` and `dtr_caps` fields.

Signed-off-by: Mukesh Kumar Savaliya <quic_msavaliy@quicinc.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20250404135427.313825-1-quic_msavaliy@quicinc.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>

diff --git a/drivers/spi/spi.c b/drivers/spi/spi.c
index 00b81d81c09af1aa7fbecd5269c2f4b97157d44e..b0e7702951fe8bcedf7dae72309c75edd97fc445 100644 (file)
--- a/drivers/spi/spi.c
+++ b/drivers/spi/spi.c
@@ -4094,6 +4094,13 @@ static int __spi_validate(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_message *message)
                if (__spi_validate_bits_per_word(ctlr, xfer->bits_per_word))
                        return -EINVAL;
 
+               /* DDR mode is supported only if controller has dtr_caps=true.
+                * default considered as SDR mode for SPI and QSPI controller.
+                * Note: This is applicable only to QSPI controller.
+                */
+               if (xfer->dtr_mode && !ctlr->dtr_caps)
+                       return -EINVAL;
+
                /*
                 * SPI transfer length should be multiple of SPI word size
                 * where SPI word size should be power-of-two multiple.

diff --git a/include/linux/spi/spi.h b/include/linux/spi/spi.h
index e10f0ebb82507ab91e7d5479263bb44109378325..834a09bd8ccc7211b50ce2462de170ef8c3bc2f0 100644 (file)
--- a/include/linux/spi/spi.h
+++ b/include/linux/spi/spi.h
@@ -508,6 +508,8 @@ extern struct spi_device *spi_new_ancillary_device(struct spi_device *spi, u8 ch
  *     found.
  * @put_offload: release the offload instance acquired by @get_offload.
  * @mem_caps: controller capabilities for the handling of memory operations.
+ * @dtr_caps: true if controller has dtr(single/dual transfer rate) capability.
+ *     QSPI based controller should fill this based on controller's capability.
  * @unprepare_message: undo any work done by prepare_message().
  * @target_abort: abort the ongoing transfer request on an SPI target controller
  * @cs_gpiods: Array of GPIO descriptors to use as chip select lines; one per CS
@@ -751,6 +753,9 @@ struct spi_controller {
        const struct spi_controller_mem_ops *mem_ops;
        const struct spi_controller_mem_caps *mem_caps;
 
+       /* SPI or QSPI controller can set to true if supports SDR/DDR transfer rate */
+       bool                    dtr_caps;
+
        struct spi_offload *(*get_offload)(struct spi_device *spi,
                                           const struct spi_offload_config *config);
        void (*put_offload)(struct spi_offload *offload);
@@ -1003,6 +1008,7 @@ struct spi_res {
  *     processed the word, i.e. the "pre" timestamp should be taken before
  *     transmitting the "pre" word, and the "post" timestamp after receiving
  *     transmit confirmation from the controller for the "post" word.
+ * @dtr_mode: true if supports double transfer rate.
  * @timestamped: true if the transfer has been timestamped
  * @error: Error status logged by SPI controller driver.
  *
@@ -1054,6 +1060,9 @@ struct spi_res {
  * two should both be set. User can set transfer mode with SPI_NBITS_SINGLE(1x)
  * SPI_NBITS_DUAL(2x) and SPI_NBITS_QUAD(4x) to support these three transfer.
  *
+ * User may also set dtr_mode to true to use dual transfer mode if desired. if
+ * not, default considered as single transfer mode.
+ *
  * The code that submits an spi_message (and its spi_transfers)
  * to the lower layers is responsible for managing its memory.
  * Zero-initialize every field you don't set up explicitly, to
@@ -1088,6 +1097,7 @@ struct spi_transfer {
        unsigned        tx_nbits:4;
        unsigned        rx_nbits:4;
        unsigned        timestamped:1;
+       bool            dtr_mode;
 #define        SPI_NBITS_SINGLE        0x01 /* 1-bit transfer */
 #define        SPI_NBITS_DUAL          0x02 /* 2-bit transfer */
 #define        SPI_NBITS_QUAD          0x04 /* 4-bit transfer */