- struct fio_file *f;
- struct io_u *io_u;
- int ret, min_events;
- unsigned int i;
-
- /*
- * sync io first and invalidate cache, to make sure we really
- * read from disk.
- */
- for_each_file(td, f, i) {
- if (!fio_file_open(f))
- continue;
- if (fio_io_sync(td, f))
- break;
- if (file_invalidate_cache(td, f))
- break;
- }
-
- if (td->error)
- return;
-
- td_set_runstate(td, TD_VERIFYING);
-
- io_u = NULL;
- while (!td->terminate) {
- int ret2, full;
-
- io_u = __get_io_u(td);
- if (!io_u)
- break;
-
- update_tv_cache(td);
-
- if (runtime_exceeded(td, &td->tv_cache)) {
- put_io_u(td, io_u);
- td->terminate = 1;
- break;
- }
-
- if (get_next_verify(td, io_u)) {
- put_io_u(td, io_u);
- break;
- }
-
- if (td_io_prep(td, io_u)) {
- put_io_u(td, io_u);
- break;
- }
-
- io_u->end_io = verify_io_u;
-
- ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
- switch (ret) {
- case FIO_Q_COMPLETED:
- if (io_u->error)
- ret = -io_u->error;
- else if (io_u->resid) {
- int bytes = io_u->xfer_buflen - io_u->resid;
- struct fio_file *f = io_u->file;
-
- /*
- * zero read, fail
- */
- if (!bytes) {
- td_verror(td, EIO, "full resid");
- put_io_u(td, io_u);
- break;
- }
-
- io_u->xfer_buflen = io_u->resid;
- io_u->xfer_buf += bytes;
- io_u->offset += bytes;
-
- td->ts.short_io_u[io_u->ddir]++;
-
- if (io_u->offset == f->real_file_size)
- goto sync_done;
-
- requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
- } else {
-sync_done:
- ret = io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u);
- if (ret < 0)
- break;
- }
- continue;
- case FIO_Q_QUEUED:
- break;
- case FIO_Q_BUSY:
- requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
- ret2 = td_io_commit(td);
- if (ret2 < 0)
- ret = ret2;
- break;
- default:
- assert(ret < 0);
- td_verror(td, -ret, "td_io_queue");
- break;
- }
-
- if (ret < 0 || td->error)
- break;
-
- /*
- * if we can queue more, do so. but check if there are
- * completed io_u's first.
- */
- full = queue_full(td) || ret == FIO_Q_BUSY;
- if (full || !td->o.iodepth_batch_complete) {
- min_events = td->o.iodepth_batch_complete;
- if (full && !min_events)
- min_events = 1;
-
- do {
- /*
- * Reap required number of io units, if any,
- * and do the verification on them through
- * the callback handler
- */
- if (io_u_queued_complete(td, min_events) < 0) {
- ret = -1;
- break;
- }
- } while (full && (td->cur_depth > td->o.iodepth_low));
- }
- if (ret < 0)
- break;
- }
-
- if (!td->error) {
- min_events = td->cur_depth;
-
- if (min_events)
- ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, min_events);
- } else
- cleanup_pending_aio(td);
-
- td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
-}
-
-/*
- * Main IO worker function. It retrieves io_u's to process and queues
- * and reaps them, checking for rate and errors along the way.
- */
-static void do_io(struct thread_data *td)
-{
- unsigned long usec;
- unsigned int i;
- int ret = 0;
-
- if (in_ramp_time(td))
- td_set_runstate(td, TD_RAMP);
- else
- td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
-
- while ((td->this_io_bytes[0] + td->this_io_bytes[1]) < td->o.size) {
- struct timeval comp_time;
- long bytes_done = 0;
- int min_evts = 0;
- struct io_u *io_u;
- int ret2, full;
-
- if (td->terminate)
- break;
-
- io_u = get_io_u(td);
- if (!io_u)
- break;
-
- update_tv_cache(td);
-
- if (runtime_exceeded(td, &td->tv_cache)) {
- put_io_u(td, io_u);
- td->terminate = 1;
- break;
- }
-
- /*
- * Add verification end_io handler, if asked to verify
- * a previously written file.
- */
- if (td->o.verify != VERIFY_NONE && io_u->ddir == DDIR_READ) {
- io_u->end_io = verify_io_u;
- td_set_runstate(td, TD_VERIFYING);
- } else if (in_ramp_time(td))
- td_set_runstate(td, TD_RAMP);
- else
- td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
-
- ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
- switch (ret) {
- case FIO_Q_COMPLETED:
- if (io_u->error)
- ret = -io_u->error;
- else if (io_u->resid) {
- int bytes = io_u->xfer_buflen - io_u->resid;
- struct fio_file *f = io_u->file;
-
- /*
- * zero read, fail
- */
- if (!bytes) {
- td_verror(td, EIO, "full resid");
- put_io_u(td, io_u);
- break;
- }
-
- io_u->xfer_buflen = io_u->resid;
- io_u->xfer_buf += bytes;
- io_u->offset += bytes;
-
- td->ts.short_io_u[io_u->ddir]++;
-
- if (io_u->offset == f->real_file_size)
- goto sync_done;
-
- requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
- } else {
-sync_done:
- if (should_check_rate(td))
- fio_gettime(&comp_time, NULL);
-
- bytes_done = io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u);
- if (bytes_done < 0)
- ret = bytes_done;
- }
- break;
- case FIO_Q_QUEUED:
- /*
- * if the engine doesn't have a commit hook,
- * the io_u is really queued. if it does have such
- * a hook, it has to call io_u_queued() itself.
- */
- if (td->io_ops->commit == NULL)
- io_u_queued(td, io_u);
- break;
- case FIO_Q_BUSY:
- requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
- ret2 = td_io_commit(td);
- if (ret2 < 0)
- ret = ret2;
- break;
- default:
- assert(ret < 0);
- put_io_u(td, io_u);
- break;
- }
-
- if (ret < 0 || td->error)
- break;
-
- /*
- * See if we need to complete some commands
- */
- full = queue_full(td) || ret == FIO_Q_BUSY;
- if (full || !td->o.iodepth_batch_complete) {
- min_evts = td->o.iodepth_batch_complete;
- if (full && !min_evts)
- min_evts = 1;
-
- if (should_check_rate(td))
- fio_gettime(&comp_time, NULL);
-
- do {
- ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, min_evts);
- if (ret <= 0)
- break;
-
- bytes_done += ret;
- } while (full && (td->cur_depth > td->o.iodepth_low));
- }
-
- if (ret < 0)
- break;
- if (!bytes_done)
- continue;
-
- /*
- * the rate is batched for now, it should work for batches
- * of completions except the very first one which may look
- * a little bursty
- */
- if (!in_ramp_time(td) && should_check_rate(td)) {
- usec = utime_since(&td->tv_cache, &comp_time);
-
- rate_throttle(td, usec, bytes_done);
-
- if (check_min_rate(td, &comp_time)) {
- if (exitall_on_terminate)
- terminate_threads(td->groupid);
- td_verror(td, EIO, "check_min_rate");
- break;
- }
- }
-
- if (td->o.thinktime) {
- unsigned long long b;
-
- b = td->io_blocks[0] + td->io_blocks[1];
- if (!(b % td->o.thinktime_blocks)) {
- int left;
-
- if (td->o.thinktime_spin)
- usec_spin(td->o.thinktime_spin);
-
- left = td->o.thinktime - td->o.thinktime_spin;
- if (left)
- usec_sleep(td, left);
- }
- }
- }
-
- if (td->o.fill_device && td->error == ENOSPC) {
- td->error = 0;
- td->terminate = 1;
- }
- if (!td->error) {
- struct fio_file *f;
-
- i = td->cur_depth;
- if (i)
- ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, i);
-
- if (should_fsync(td) && td->o.end_fsync) {
- td_set_runstate(td, TD_FSYNCING);
-
- for_each_file(td, f, i) {
- if (!fio_file_open(f))
- continue;
- fio_io_sync(td, f);
- }
- }
- } else
- cleanup_pending_aio(td);
-
- /*
- * stop job if we failed doing any IO
- */
- if ((td->this_io_bytes[0] + td->this_io_bytes[1]) == 0)
- td->done = 1;
-}
-
-static void cleanup_io_u(struct thread_data *td)
-{
- struct flist_head *entry, *n;
- struct io_u *io_u;
-
- flist_for_each_safe(entry, n, &td->io_u_freelist) {
- io_u = flist_entry(entry, struct io_u, list);
-
- flist_del(&io_u->list);
- free(io_u);
- }
-
- free_io_mem(td);
-}
-
-static int init_io_u(struct thread_data *td)
-{
- struct io_u *io_u;
- unsigned int max_bs;
- int cl_align, i, max_units;
- char *p;
-
- max_units = td->o.iodepth;
- max_bs = max(td->o.max_bs[DDIR_READ], td->o.max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]);
- td->orig_buffer_size = (unsigned long long) max_bs
- * (unsigned long long) max_units;
-
- if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_SHMHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE) {
- unsigned long bs;
-
- bs = td->orig_buffer_size + td->o.hugepage_size - 1;
- td->orig_buffer_size = bs & ~(td->o.hugepage_size - 1);
- }
-
- if (td->orig_buffer_size != (size_t) td->orig_buffer_size) {
- log_err("fio: IO memory too large. Reduce max_bs or iodepth\n");
- return 1;
- }
-
- if (allocate_io_mem(td))
- return 1;
-
- if (td->o.odirect)
- p = ALIGN(td->orig_buffer);
- else
- p = td->orig_buffer;
-
- cl_align = os_cache_line_size();
-
- for (i = 0; i < max_units; i++) {
- void *ptr;
-
- if (td->terminate)
- return 1;
-
- if (posix_memalign(&ptr, cl_align, sizeof(*io_u))) {
- log_err("fio: posix_memalign=%s\n", strerror(errno));
- break;
- }
-
- io_u = ptr;
- memset(io_u, 0, sizeof(*io_u));
- INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&io_u->list);
-
- if (!(td->io_ops->flags & FIO_NOIO)) {
- io_u->buf = p + max_bs * i;
-
- if (td_write(td) && !td->o.refill_buffers)
- io_u_fill_buffer(td, io_u, max_bs);
- }
-
- io_u->index = i;
- io_u->flags = IO_U_F_FREE;
- flist_add(&io_u->list, &td->io_u_freelist);
- }
-
- return 0;
-}
-
-static int switch_ioscheduler(struct thread_data *td)
-{
- char tmp[256], tmp2[128];
- FILE *f;
- int ret;
-
- if (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_DISKLESSIO)
- return 0;
-
- sprintf(tmp, "%s/queue/scheduler", td->sysfs_root);
-
- f = fopen(tmp, "r+");
- if (!f) {
- if (errno == ENOENT) {
- log_err("fio: os or kernel doesn't support IO scheduler"
- " switching\n");
- return 0;
- }
- td_verror(td, errno, "fopen iosched");
- return 1;
- }
-
- /*
- * Set io scheduler.
- */
- ret = fwrite(td->o.ioscheduler, strlen(td->o.ioscheduler), 1, f);
- if (ferror(f) || ret != 1) {
- td_verror(td, errno, "fwrite");
- fclose(f);
- return 1;
- }
-
- rewind(f);
-
- /*
- * Read back and check that the selected scheduler is now the default.
- */
- ret = fread(tmp, 1, sizeof(tmp), f);
- if (ferror(f) || ret < 0) {
- td_verror(td, errno, "fread");
- fclose(f);
- return 1;
- }
-
- sprintf(tmp2, "[%s]", td->o.ioscheduler);
- if (!strstr(tmp, tmp2)) {
- log_err("fio: io scheduler %s not found\n", td->o.ioscheduler);
- td_verror(td, EINVAL, "iosched_switch");
- fclose(f);
- return 1;
- }
-
- fclose(f);
- return 0;
-}
-
-static int keep_running(struct thread_data *td)
-{
- unsigned long long io_done;
-
- if (td->done)
- return 0;
- if (td->o.time_based)
- return 1;
- if (td->o.loops) {
- td->o.loops--;
- return 1;
- }
-
- io_done = td->io_bytes[DDIR_READ] + td->io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE]
- + td->io_skip_bytes;
- if (io_done < td->o.size)
- return 1;
-
- return 0;
-}
-
-static void reset_io_counters(struct thread_data *td)
-{
- td->ts.stat_io_bytes[0] = td->ts.stat_io_bytes[1] = 0;
- td->this_io_bytes[0] = td->this_io_bytes[1] = 0;
- td->zone_bytes = 0;
- td->rate_bytes = 0;
- td->rate_blocks = 0;
- td->rw_end_set[0] = td->rw_end_set[1] = 0;
-
- td->last_was_sync = 0;
-
- /*
- * reset file done count if we are to start over
- */
- if (td->o.time_based || td->o.loops)
- td->nr_done_files = 0;
-
- /*
- * Set the same seed to get repeatable runs
- */
- td_fill_rand_seeds(td);
-}
-
-void reset_all_stats(struct thread_data *td)
-{
- struct timeval tv;
- int i;
-
- reset_io_counters(td);
-
- for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
- td->io_bytes[i] = 0;
- td->io_blocks[i] = 0;
- td->io_issues[i] = 0;
- td->ts.total_io_u[i] = 0;
- }
-
- fio_gettime(&tv, NULL);
- memcpy(&td->epoch, &tv, sizeof(tv));
- memcpy(&td->start, &tv, sizeof(tv));
-}
-
-static void clear_io_state(struct thread_data *td)
-{
- struct fio_file *f;
- unsigned int i;
-
- reset_io_counters(td);
-
- close_files(td);
- for_each_file(td, f, i)
- fio_file_clear_done(f);
-}
-
-static int exec_string(const char *string)
-{
- int ret, newlen = strlen(string) + 1 + 8;
- char *str;
-
- str = malloc(newlen);
- sprintf(str, "sh -c %s", string);
-
- ret = system(str);
- if (ret == -1)
- log_err("fio: exec of cmd <%s> failed\n", str);
-
- free(str);
- return ret;
-}
-
-/*
- * Entry point for the thread based jobs. The process based jobs end up
- * here as well, after a little setup.
- */
-static void *thread_main(void *data)
-{
- unsigned long long runtime[2], elapsed;
- struct thread_data *td = data;
- int clear_state;
-
- if (!td->o.use_thread)
- setsid();
-
- td->pid = getpid();
-
- dprint(FD_PROCESS, "jobs pid=%d started\n", (int) td->pid);
-
- INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->io_u_freelist);
- INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->io_u_busylist);
- INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->io_u_requeues);
- INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->io_log_list);
- INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->io_hist_list);
- td->io_hist_tree = RB_ROOT;
-
- td_set_runstate(td, TD_INITIALIZED);
- dprint(FD_MUTEX, "up startup_mutex\n");
- fio_mutex_up(startup_mutex);
- dprint(FD_MUTEX, "wait on td->mutex\n");
- fio_mutex_down(td->mutex);
- dprint(FD_MUTEX, "done waiting on td->mutex\n");
-
- /*
- * the ->mutex mutex is now no longer used, close it to avoid
- * eating a file descriptor
- */
- fio_mutex_remove(td->mutex);
-
- /*
- * May alter parameters that init_io_u() will use, so we need to
- * do this first.
- */
- if (init_iolog(td))
- goto err;
-
- if (init_io_u(td))
- goto err;
-
- if (td->o.cpumask_set && fio_setaffinity(td) == -1) {
- td_verror(td, errno, "cpu_set_affinity");
- goto err;
- }
-
- /*
- * If we have a gettimeofday() thread, make sure we exclude that
- * thread from this job
- */
- if (td->o.gtod_cpu) {
- fio_cpu_clear(&td->o.cpumask, td->o.gtod_cpu);
- if (fio_setaffinity(td) == -1) {
- td_verror(td, errno, "cpu_set_affinity");
- goto err;
- }
- }
-
- if (td->ioprio_set) {
- if (ioprio_set(IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS, 0, td->ioprio) == -1) {
- td_verror(td, errno, "ioprio_set");
- goto err;
- }
- }
-
- if (nice(td->o.nice) == -1) {
- td_verror(td, errno, "nice");
- goto err;
- }
-
- if (td->o.ioscheduler && switch_ioscheduler(td))
- goto err;
-
- if (!td->o.create_serialize && setup_files(td))
- goto err;
-
- if (td_io_init(td))
- goto err;
-
- if (init_random_map(td))
- goto err;
-
- if (td->o.exec_prerun) {
- if (exec_string(td->o.exec_prerun))
- goto err;
- }
-
- if (td->o.pre_read) {
- if (pre_read_files(td) < 0)
- goto err;
- }
-
- fio_gettime(&td->epoch, NULL);
- getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &td->ts.ru_start);
-
- runtime[0] = runtime[1] = 0;
- clear_state = 0;
- while (keep_running(td)) {
- fio_gettime(&td->start, NULL);
- memcpy(&td->ts.stat_sample_time, &td->start, sizeof(td->start));
- memcpy(&td->tv_cache, &td->start, sizeof(td->start));
-
- if (td->o.ratemin)
- memcpy(&td->lastrate, &td->ts.stat_sample_time,
- sizeof(td->lastrate));
-
- if (clear_state)
- clear_io_state(td);
-
- prune_io_piece_log(td);
-
- do_io(td);
-
- clear_state = 1;
-
- if (td_read(td) && td->io_bytes[DDIR_READ]) {
- if (td->rw_end_set[DDIR_READ])
- elapsed = utime_since(&td->start,
- &td->rw_end[DDIR_READ]);
- else
- elapsed = utime_since_now(&td->start);
-
- runtime[DDIR_READ] += elapsed;
- }
- if (td_write(td) && td->io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE]) {
- if (td->rw_end_set[DDIR_WRITE])
- elapsed = utime_since(&td->start,
- &td->rw_end[DDIR_WRITE]);
- else
- elapsed = utime_since_now(&td->start);
-
- runtime[DDIR_WRITE] += elapsed;
- }
-
- if (td->error || td->terminate)
- break;
-
- if (!td->o.do_verify ||
- td->o.verify == VERIFY_NONE ||
- (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_UNIDIR))
- continue;
-
- clear_io_state(td);
-
- fio_gettime(&td->start, NULL);
-
- do_verify(td);
-
- runtime[DDIR_READ] += utime_since_now(&td->start);
-
- if (td->error || td->terminate)
- break;
- }
-
- update_rusage_stat(td);
- td->ts.runtime[0] = (runtime[0] + 999) / 1000;
- td->ts.runtime[1] = (runtime[1] + 999) / 1000;
- td->ts.total_run_time = mtime_since_now(&td->epoch);
- td->ts.io_bytes[0] = td->io_bytes[0];
- td->ts.io_bytes[1] = td->io_bytes[1];
-
- fio_mutex_down(writeout_mutex);
- if (td->ts.bw_log) {
- if (td->o.bw_log_file) {
- finish_log_named(td, td->ts.bw_log,
- td->o.bw_log_file, "bw");
- } else
- finish_log(td, td->ts.bw_log, "bw");
- }
- if (td->ts.slat_log) {
- if (td->o.lat_log_file) {
- finish_log_named(td, td->ts.slat_log,
- td->o.lat_log_file, "slat");
- } else
- finish_log(td, td->ts.slat_log, "slat");
- }
- if (td->ts.clat_log) {
- if (td->o.lat_log_file) {
- finish_log_named(td, td->ts.clat_log,
- td->o.lat_log_file, "clat");
- } else
- finish_log(td, td->ts.clat_log, "clat");
- }
- fio_mutex_up(writeout_mutex);
- if (td->o.exec_postrun)
- exec_string(td->o.exec_postrun);
-
- if (exitall_on_terminate)
- terminate_threads(td->groupid);
-
-err:
- if (td->error)
- printf("fio: pid=%d, err=%d/%s\n", (int) td->pid, td->error,
- td->verror);
- close_and_free_files(td);
- close_ioengine(td);
- cleanup_io_u(td);
-
- if (td->o.cpumask_set) {
- int ret = fio_cpuset_exit(&td->o.cpumask);
-
- td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_exit");
- }
-
- /*
- * do this very late, it will log file closing as well
- */
- if (td->o.write_iolog_file)
- write_iolog_close(td);
-
- options_mem_free(td);
- td_set_runstate(td, TD_EXITED);
- return (void *) (unsigned long) td->error;
-}
-
-/*
- * We cannot pass the td data into a forked process, so attach the td and
- * pass it to the thread worker.
- */
-static int fork_main(int shmid, int offset)
-{
- struct thread_data *td;
- void *data, *ret;
-
- data = shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);
- if (data == (void *) -1) {
- int __err = errno;
-
- perror("shmat");
- return __err;
- }
-
- td = data + offset * sizeof(struct thread_data);
- ret = thread_main(td);
- shmdt(data);
- return (int) (unsigned long) ret;
-}
-
-/*
- * Run over the job map and reap the threads that have exited, if any.
- */
-static void reap_threads(int *nr_running, int *t_rate, int *m_rate)
-{
- struct thread_data *td;
- int i, cputhreads, realthreads, pending, status, ret;
-
- /*
- * reap exited threads (TD_EXITED -> TD_REAPED)
- */
- realthreads = pending = cputhreads = 0;
- for_each_td(td, i) {
- int flags = 0;
-
- /*
- * ->io_ops is NULL for a thread that has closed its
- * io engine
- */
- if (td->io_ops && !strcmp(td->io_ops->name, "cpuio"))
- cputhreads++;
- else
- realthreads++;
-
- if (!td->pid) {
- pending++;
- continue;
- }
- if (td->runstate == TD_REAPED)
- continue;
- if (td->o.use_thread) {
- if (td->runstate == TD_EXITED) {
- td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
- goto reaped;
- }
- continue;
- }
-
- flags = WNOHANG;
- if (td->runstate == TD_EXITED)
- flags = 0;
-
- /*
- * check if someone quit or got killed in an unusual way
- */
- ret = waitpid(td->pid, &status, flags);
- if (ret < 0) {
- if (errno == ECHILD) {
- log_err("fio: pid=%d disappeared %d\n",
- (int) td->pid, td->runstate);
- td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
- goto reaped;
- }
- perror("waitpid");
- } else if (ret == td->pid) {
- if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
- int sig = WTERMSIG(status);
-
- if (sig != SIGQUIT)
- log_err("fio: pid=%d, got signal=%d\n",
- (int) td->pid, sig);
- td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
- goto reaped;
- }
- if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
- if (WEXITSTATUS(status) && !td->error)
- td->error = WEXITSTATUS(status);
-
- td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
- goto reaped;
- }
- }
-
- /*
- * thread is not dead, continue
- */
- pending++;
- continue;
-reaped:
- (*nr_running)--;
- (*m_rate) -= td->o.ratemin;
- (*t_rate) -= td->o.rate;
- if (!td->pid)
- pending--;
-
- if (td->error)
- exit_value++;
-
- done_secs += mtime_since_now(&td->epoch) / 1000;
- }
-
- if (*nr_running == cputhreads && !pending && realthreads)
- terminate_threads(TERMINATE_ALL);
-}
-
-static void *gtod_thread_main(void *data)
-{
- fio_mutex_up(startup_mutex);
-
- /*
- * As long as we have jobs around, update the clock. It would be nice
- * to have some way of NOT hammering that CPU with gettimeofday(),
- * but I'm not sure what to use outside of a simple CPU nop to relax
- * it - we don't want to lose precision.
- */
- while (threads) {
- fio_gtod_update();
- nop;
- }
-
- return NULL;
-}
-
-static int fio_start_gtod_thread(void)
-{
- int ret;
-
- ret = pthread_create(>od_thread, NULL, gtod_thread_main, NULL);
- if (ret) {
- log_err("Can't create gtod thread: %s\n", strerror(ret));
- return 1;
- }