3 # top-like utility for displaying kvm statistics
5 # Copyright 2006-2008 Qumranet Technologies
6 # Copyright 2008-2011 Red Hat, Inc.
9 # Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
11 # This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See
12 # the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
13 """The kvm_stat module outputs statistics about running KVM VMs
15 Three different ways of output formatting are available:
16 - as a top-like text ui
17 - in a key -> value format
18 - in an all keys, all values format
20 The data is sampled from the KVM's debugfs entries and its perf events.
22 from __future__ import print_function
36 from collections import defaultdict, namedtuple
40 'EXTERNAL_INTERRUPT': 1,
42 'PENDING_INTERRUPT': 7,
66 'MWAIT_INSTRUCTION': 36,
67 'MONITOR_INSTRUCTION': 39,
68 'PAUSE_INSTRUCTION': 40,
69 'MCE_DURING_VMENTRY': 41,
70 'TPR_BELOW_THRESHOLD': 43,
111 'CR0_SEL_WRITE': 0x065,
135 'TASK_SWITCH': 0x07d,
136 'FERR_FREEZE': 0x07e,
155 # EC definition of HSR (from arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_arm.h)
156 AARCH64_EXIT_REASONS = {
194 # From include/uapi/linux/kvm.h, KVM_EXIT_xxx
195 USERSPACE_EXIT_REASONS = {
203 'IRQ_WINDOW_OPEN': 7,
213 'INTERNAL_ERROR': 17,
224 'SET_FILTER': 0x40082406,
225 'ENABLE': 0x00002400,
226 'DISABLE': 0x00002401,
230 ENCODING = locale.getpreferredencoding(False)
231 TRACE_FILTER = re.compile(r'^[^\(]*$')
235 """Encapsulates global architecture specific data.
237 Contains the performance event open syscall and ioctl numbers, as
238 well as the VM exit reasons for the architecture it runs on.
243 machine = os.uname()[4]
245 if machine.startswith('ppc'):
247 elif machine.startswith('aarch64'):
249 elif machine.startswith('s390'):
253 for line in open('/proc/cpuinfo'):
254 if not line.startswith('flags'):
259 return ArchX86(VMX_EXIT_REASONS)
261 return ArchX86(SVM_EXIT_REASONS)
264 def tracepoint_is_child(self, field):
265 if (TRACE_FILTER.match(field)):
267 return field.split('(', 1)[0]
271 def __init__(self, exit_reasons):
272 self.sc_perf_evt_open = 298
273 self.ioctl_numbers = IOCTL_NUMBERS
274 self.exit_reasons = exit_reasons
276 def debugfs_is_child(self, field):
277 """ Returns name of parent if 'field' is a child, None otherwise """
283 self.sc_perf_evt_open = 319
284 self.ioctl_numbers = IOCTL_NUMBERS
285 self.ioctl_numbers['ENABLE'] = 0x20002400
286 self.ioctl_numbers['DISABLE'] = 0x20002401
287 self.ioctl_numbers['RESET'] = 0x20002403
289 # PPC comes in 32 and 64 bit and some generated ioctl
290 # numbers depend on the wordsize.
291 char_ptr_size = ctypes.sizeof(ctypes.c_char_p)
292 self.ioctl_numbers['SET_FILTER'] = 0x80002406 | char_ptr_size << 16
293 self.exit_reasons = {}
295 def debugfs_is_child(self, field):
296 """ Returns name of parent if 'field' is a child, None otherwise """
302 self.sc_perf_evt_open = 241
303 self.ioctl_numbers = IOCTL_NUMBERS
304 self.exit_reasons = AARCH64_EXIT_REASONS
306 def debugfs_is_child(self, field):
307 """ Returns name of parent if 'field' is a child, None otherwise """
311 class ArchS390(Arch):
313 self.sc_perf_evt_open = 331
314 self.ioctl_numbers = IOCTL_NUMBERS
315 self.exit_reasons = None
317 def debugfs_is_child(self, field):
318 """ Returns name of parent if 'field' is a child, None otherwise """
319 if field.startswith('instruction_'):
320 return 'exit_instruction'
323 ARCH = Arch.get_arch()
326 class perf_event_attr(ctypes.Structure):
327 """Struct that holds the necessary data to set up a trace event.
329 For an extensive explanation see perf_event_open(2) and
330 include/uapi/linux/perf_event.h, struct perf_event_attr
332 All fields that are not initialized in the constructor are 0.
335 _fields_ = [('type', ctypes.c_uint32),
336 ('size', ctypes.c_uint32),
337 ('config', ctypes.c_uint64),
338 ('sample_freq', ctypes.c_uint64),
339 ('sample_type', ctypes.c_uint64),
340 ('read_format', ctypes.c_uint64),
341 ('flags', ctypes.c_uint64),
342 ('wakeup_events', ctypes.c_uint32),
343 ('bp_type', ctypes.c_uint32),
344 ('bp_addr', ctypes.c_uint64),
345 ('bp_len', ctypes.c_uint64),
349 super(self.__class__, self).__init__()
350 self.type = PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT
351 self.size = ctypes.sizeof(self)
352 self.read_format = PERF_FORMAT_GROUP
355 PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT = 2
356 PERF_FORMAT_GROUP = 1 << 3
360 """Represents a perf event group."""
365 def add_event(self, event):
366 self.events.append(event)
369 """Returns a dict with 'event name: value' for all events in the
372 Values are read by reading from the file descriptor of the
373 event that is the group leader. See perf_event_open(2) for
376 Read format for the used event configuration is:
378 u64 nr; /* The number of events */
380 u64 value; /* The value of the event */
385 length = 8 * (1 + len(self.events))
386 read_format = 'xxxxxxxx' + 'Q' * len(self.events)
387 return dict(zip([event.name for event in self.events],
388 struct.unpack(read_format,
389 os.read(self.events[0].fd, length))))
393 """Represents a performance event and manages its life cycle."""
394 def __init__(self, name, group, trace_cpu, trace_pid, trace_point,
395 trace_filter, trace_set='kvm'):
396 self.libc = ctypes.CDLL('libc.so.6', use_errno=True)
397 self.syscall = self.libc.syscall
400 self._setup_event(group, trace_cpu, trace_pid, trace_point,
401 trace_filter, trace_set)
404 """Closes the event's file descriptor.
406 As no python file object was created for the file descriptor,
407 python will not reference count the descriptor and will not
408 close it itself automatically, so we do it.
414 def _perf_event_open(self, attr, pid, cpu, group_fd, flags):
415 """Wrapper for the sys_perf_evt_open() syscall.
417 Used to set up performance events, returns a file descriptor or -1
422 - struct perf_event_attr *
423 - pid or -1 to monitor all pids
424 - cpu number or -1 to monitor all cpus
425 - The file descriptor of the group leader or -1 to create a group.
429 return self.syscall(ARCH.sc_perf_evt_open, ctypes.pointer(attr),
430 ctypes.c_int(pid), ctypes.c_int(cpu),
431 ctypes.c_int(group_fd), ctypes.c_long(flags))
433 def _setup_event_attribute(self, trace_set, trace_point):
434 """Returns an initialized ctype perf_event_attr struct."""
436 id_path = os.path.join(PATH_DEBUGFS_TRACING, 'events', trace_set,
439 event_attr = perf_event_attr()
440 event_attr.config = int(open(id_path).read())
443 def _setup_event(self, group, trace_cpu, trace_pid, trace_point,
444 trace_filter, trace_set):
445 """Sets up the perf event in Linux.
447 Issues the syscall to register the event in the kernel and
448 then sets the optional filter.
452 event_attr = self._setup_event_attribute(trace_set, trace_point)
454 # First event will be group leader.
457 # All others have to pass the leader's descriptor instead.
459 group_leader = group.events[0].fd
461 fd = self._perf_event_open(event_attr, trace_pid,
462 trace_cpu, group_leader, 0)
464 err = ctypes.get_errno()
465 raise OSError(err, os.strerror(err),
466 'while calling sys_perf_event_open().')
469 fcntl.ioctl(fd, ARCH.ioctl_numbers['SET_FILTER'],
475 """Enables the trace event in the kernel.
477 Enabling the group leader makes reading counters from it and the
478 events under it possible.
481 fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, ARCH.ioctl_numbers['ENABLE'], 0)
484 """Disables the trace event in the kernel.
486 Disabling the group leader makes reading all counters under it
490 fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, ARCH.ioctl_numbers['DISABLE'], 0)
493 """Resets the count of the trace event in the kernel."""
494 fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, ARCH.ioctl_numbers['RESET'], 0)
497 class Provider(object):
498 """Encapsulates functionalities used by all providers."""
499 def __init__(self, pid):
500 self.child_events = False
504 def is_field_wanted(fields_filter, field):
505 """Indicate whether field is valid according to fields_filter."""
506 if not fields_filter:
508 return re.match(fields_filter, field) is not None
512 """Returns os.walk() data for specified directory.
514 As it is only a wrapper it returns the same 3-tuple of (dirpath,
515 dirnames, filenames).
517 return next(os.walk(path))
520 class TracepointProvider(Provider):
521 """Data provider for the stats class.
523 Manages the events/groups from which it acquires its data.
526 def __init__(self, pid, fields_filter):
527 self.group_leaders = []
528 self.filters = self._get_filters()
529 self.update_fields(fields_filter)
530 super(TracepointProvider, self).__init__(pid)
534 """Returns a dict of trace events, their filter ids and
535 the values that can be filtered.
537 Trace events can be filtered for special values by setting a
538 filter string via an ioctl. The string normally has the format
539 identifier==value. For each filter a new event will be created, to
540 be able to distinguish the events.
544 filters['kvm_userspace_exit'] = ('reason', USERSPACE_EXIT_REASONS)
545 if ARCH.exit_reasons:
546 filters['kvm_exit'] = ('exit_reason', ARCH.exit_reasons)
549 def _get_available_fields(self):
550 """Returns a list of available events of format 'event name(filter
553 All available events have directories under
554 /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/ which export information
555 about the specific event. Therefore, listing the dirs gives us
556 a list of all available events.
558 Some events like the vm exit reasons can be filtered for
559 specific values. To take account for that, the routine below
560 creates special fields with the following format:
561 event name(filter name)
564 path = os.path.join(PATH_DEBUGFS_TRACING, 'events', 'kvm')
565 fields = self.walkdir(path)[1]
568 if field in self.filters:
569 filter_name_, filter_dicts = self.filters[field]
570 for name in filter_dicts:
571 extra.append(field + '(' + name + ')')
575 def update_fields(self, fields_filter):
576 """Refresh fields, applying fields_filter"""
577 self.fields = [field for field in self._get_available_fields()
578 if self.is_field_wanted(fields_filter, field) or
579 ARCH.tracepoint_is_child(field)]
582 def _get_online_cpus():
583 """Returns a list of cpu id integers."""
584 def parse_int_list(list_string):
585 """Returns an int list from a string of comma separated integers and
588 members = list_string.split(',')
590 for member in members:
591 if '-' not in member:
592 integers.append(int(member))
594 int_range = member.split('-')
595 integers.extend(range(int(int_range[0]),
596 int(int_range[1]) + 1))
600 with open('/sys/devices/system/cpu/online') as cpu_list:
601 cpu_string = cpu_list.readline()
602 return parse_int_list(cpu_string)
604 def _setup_traces(self):
605 """Creates all event and group objects needed to be able to retrieve
607 fields = self._get_available_fields()
609 # Fetch list of all threads of the monitored pid, as qemu
610 # starts a thread for each vcpu.
611 path = os.path.join('/proc', str(self._pid), 'task')
612 groupids = self.walkdir(path)[1]
614 groupids = self._get_online_cpus()
616 # The constant is needed as a buffer for python libs, std
617 # streams and other files that the script opens.
618 newlim = len(groupids) * len(fields) + 50
620 softlim_, hardlim = resource.getrlimit(resource.RLIMIT_NOFILE)
623 # Now we need CAP_SYS_RESOURCE, to increase the hard limit.
624 resource.setrlimit(resource.RLIMIT_NOFILE, (newlim, newlim))
626 # Raising the soft limit is sufficient.
627 resource.setrlimit(resource.RLIMIT_NOFILE, (newlim, hardlim))
630 sys.exit("NOFILE rlimit could not be raised to {0}".format(newlim))
632 for groupid in groupids:
637 match = re.match(r'(.*)\((.*)\)', name)
639 tracepoint, sub = match.groups()
640 tracefilter = ('%s==%d\0' %
641 (self.filters[tracepoint][0],
642 self.filters[tracepoint][1][sub]))
644 # From perf_event_open(2):
645 # pid > 0 and cpu == -1
646 # This measures the specified process/thread on any CPU.
648 # pid == -1 and cpu >= 0
649 # This measures all processes/threads on the specified CPU.
650 trace_cpu = groupid if self._pid == 0 else -1
651 trace_pid = int(groupid) if self._pid != 0 else -1
653 group.add_event(Event(name=name,
657 trace_point=tracepoint,
658 trace_filter=tracefilter))
660 self.group_leaders.append(group)
667 def fields(self, fields):
668 """Enables/disables the (un)wanted events"""
669 self._fields = fields
670 for group in self.group_leaders:
671 for index, event in enumerate(group.events):
672 if event.name in fields:
676 # Do not disable the group leader.
677 # It would disable all of its events.
687 """Changes the monitored pid by setting new traces."""
689 # The garbage collector will get rid of all Event/Group
690 # objects and open files after removing the references.
691 self.group_leaders = []
693 self.fields = self._fields
695 def read(self, by_guest=0):
696 """Returns 'event name: current value' for all enabled events."""
697 ret = defaultdict(int)
698 for group in self.group_leaders:
699 for name, val in group.read().items():
700 if name not in self._fields:
702 parent = ARCH.tracepoint_is_child(name)
709 """Reset all field counters"""
710 for group in self.group_leaders:
711 for event in group.events:
715 class DebugfsProvider(Provider):
716 """Provides data from the files that KVM creates in the kvm debugfs
718 def __init__(self, pid, fields_filter, include_past):
719 self.update_fields(fields_filter)
723 super(DebugfsProvider, self).__init__(pid)
727 def _get_available_fields(self):
728 """"Returns a list of available fields.
730 The fields are all available KVM debugfs files
733 return self.walkdir(PATH_DEBUGFS_KVM)[2]
735 def update_fields(self, fields_filter):
736 """Refresh fields, applying fields_filter"""
737 self._fields = [field for field in self._get_available_fields()
738 if self.is_field_wanted(fields_filter, field) or
739 ARCH.debugfs_is_child(field)]
746 def fields(self, fields):
747 self._fields = fields
758 vms = self.walkdir(PATH_DEBUGFS_KVM)[1]
762 self.paths = list(filter(lambda x: "{}-".format(pid) in x, vms))
769 def _verify_paths(self):
770 """Remove invalid paths"""
771 for path in self.paths:
772 if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(PATH_DEBUGFS_KVM, path)):
773 self.paths.remove(path)
776 def read(self, reset=0, by_guest=0):
777 """Returns a dict with format:'file name / field -> current value'.
781 1 reset field counts to 0
782 2 restore the original field counts
787 # If no debugfs filtering support is available, then don't read.
795 for entry in os.walk(PATH_DEBUGFS_KVM):
799 for field in self._fields:
800 value = self._read_field(field, path)
803 self._baseline[key] = value
805 self._baseline[key] = 0
806 if self._baseline.get(key, -1) == -1:
807 self._baseline[key] = value
808 parent = ARCH.debugfs_is_child(field)
810 field = field + ' ' + parent
813 field = key.split('-')[0] # set 'field' to 'pid'
814 increment = value - self._baseline.get(key, 0)
816 results[field] += increment
818 results[field] = increment
822 def _read_field(self, field, path):
823 """Returns the value of a single field from a specific VM."""
825 return int(open(os.path.join(PATH_DEBUGFS_KVM,
833 """Reset field counters"""
838 """Reset field counters"""
843 EventStat = namedtuple('EventStat', ['value', 'delta'])
847 """Manages the data providers and the data they provide.
849 It is used to set filters on the provider's data and collect all
853 def __init__(self, options):
854 self.providers = self._get_providers(options)
855 self._pid_filter = options.pid
856 self._fields_filter = options.fields
858 self._child_events = False
860 def _get_providers(self, options):
861 """Returns a list of data providers depending on the passed options."""
865 providers.append(DebugfsProvider(options.pid, options.fields,
866 options.dbgfs_include_past))
867 if options.tracepoints or not providers:
868 providers.append(TracepointProvider(options.pid, options.fields))
872 def _update_provider_filters(self):
873 """Propagates fields filters to providers."""
874 # As we reset the counters when updating the fields we can
875 # also clear the cache of old values.
877 for provider in self.providers:
878 provider.update_fields(self._fields_filter)
882 for provider in self.providers:
886 def fields_filter(self):
887 return self._fields_filter
889 @fields_filter.setter
890 def fields_filter(self, fields_filter):
891 if fields_filter != self._fields_filter:
892 self._fields_filter = fields_filter
893 self._update_provider_filters()
896 def pid_filter(self):
897 return self._pid_filter
900 def pid_filter(self, pid):
901 if pid != self._pid_filter:
902 self._pid_filter = pid
904 for provider in self.providers:
905 provider.pid = self._pid_filter
908 def child_events(self):
909 return self._child_events
912 def child_events(self, val):
913 self._child_events = val
914 for provider in self.providers:
915 provider.child_events = val
917 def get(self, by_guest=0):
918 """Returns a dict with field -> (value, delta to last value) of all
921 * plain: 'key' is event name
922 * child-parent: 'key' is in format '<child> <parent>'
923 * pid: 'key' is the pid of the guest, and the record contains the
924 aggregated event data
925 These formats are generated by the providers, and handled in class TUI.
927 for provider in self.providers:
928 new = provider.read(by_guest=by_guest)
930 oldval = self.values.get(key, EventStat(0, 0)).value
931 newval = new.get(key, 0)
932 newdelta = newval - oldval
933 self.values[key] = EventStat(newval, newdelta)
936 def toggle_display_guests(self, to_pid):
937 """Toggle between collection of stats by individual event and by
940 Events reported by DebugfsProvider change when switching to/from
941 reading by guest values. Hence we have to remove the excess event
942 names from self.values.
945 if any(isinstance(ins, TracepointProvider) for ins in self.providers):
948 for provider in self.providers:
949 if isinstance(provider, DebugfsProvider):
950 for key in provider.fields:
951 if key in self.values.keys():
954 oldvals = self.values.copy()
958 # Update oldval (see get())
964 MAX_GUEST_NAME_LEN = 48
970 """Instruments curses to draw a nice text ui."""
971 def __init__(self, stats):
974 self._delay_initial = 0.25
975 self._delay_regular = DELAY_DEFAULT
976 self._sorting = SORT_DEFAULT
977 self._display_guests = 0
980 """Initialises curses for later use. Based on curses.wrapper
981 implementation from the Python standard library."""
982 self.screen = curses.initscr()
986 # The try/catch works around a minor bit of
987 # over-conscientiousness in the curses module, the error
988 # return from C start_color() is ignorable.
994 # Hide cursor in extra statement as some monochrome terminals
995 # might support hiding but not colors.
1001 curses.use_default_colors()
1004 def __exit__(self, *exception):
1005 """Resets the terminal to its normal state. Based on curses.wrapper
1006 implementation from the Python standard library."""
1008 self.screen.keypad(0)
1014 def get_all_gnames():
1015 """Returns a list of (pid, gname) tuples of all running guests"""
1018 child = subprocess.Popen(['ps', '-A', '--format', 'pid,args'],
1019 stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
1022 for line in child.stdout:
1023 line = line.decode(ENCODING).lstrip().split(' ', 1)
1024 # perform a sanity check before calling the more expensive
1025 # function to possibly extract the guest name
1026 if ' -name ' in line[1]:
1027 res.append((line[0], Tui.get_gname_from_pid(line[0])))
1028 child.stdout.close()
1032 def _print_all_gnames(self, row):
1033 """Print a list of all running guests along with their pids."""
1034 self.screen.addstr(row, 2, '%8s %-60s' %
1035 ('Pid', 'Guest Name (fuzzy list, might be '
1040 for line in self.get_all_gnames():
1041 self.screen.addstr(row, 2, '%8s %-60s' % (line[0], line[1]))
1043 if row >= self.screen.getmaxyx()[0]:
1046 self.screen.addstr(row + 1, 2, 'Not available')
1049 def get_pid_from_gname(gname):
1050 """Fuzzy function to convert guest name to QEMU process pid.
1052 Returns a list of potential pids, can be empty if no match found.
1053 Throws an exception on processing errors.
1057 for line in Tui.get_all_gnames():
1058 if gname == line[1]:
1059 pids.append(int(line[0]))
1064 def get_gname_from_pid(pid):
1065 """Returns the guest name for a QEMU process pid.
1067 Extracts the guest name from the QEMU comma line by processing the
1068 '-name' option. Will also handle names specified out of sequence.
1073 line = open('/proc/{}/cmdline'
1074 .format(pid), 'r').read().split('\0')
1075 parms = line[line.index('-name') + 1].split(',')
1077 # commas are escaped (i.e. ',,'), hence e.g. 'foo,bar' results
1078 # in # ['foo', '', 'bar'], which we revert here
1079 idx = parms.index('')
1080 parms[idx - 1] += ',' + parms[idx + 1]
1081 del parms[idx:idx+2]
1082 # the '-name' switch allows for two ways to specify the guest name,
1083 # where the plain name overrides the name specified via 'guest='
1088 if arg[:6] == 'guest=':
1090 except (ValueError, IOError, IndexError):
1095 def _update_pid(self, pid):
1096 """Propagates pid selection to stats object."""
1097 self.screen.addstr(4, 1, 'Updating pid filter...')
1098 self.screen.refresh()
1099 self.stats.pid_filter = pid
1101 def _refresh_header(self, pid=None):
1102 """Refreshes the header."""
1104 pid = self.stats.pid_filter
1106 gname = self.get_gname_from_pid(pid)
1108 gname = ('({})'.format(gname[:MAX_GUEST_NAME_LEN] + '...'
1109 if len(gname) > MAX_GUEST_NAME_LEN
1112 self.screen.addstr(0, 0, 'kvm statistics - pid {0} {1}'
1113 .format(pid, gname), curses.A_BOLD)
1115 self.screen.addstr(0, 0, 'kvm statistics - summary', curses.A_BOLD)
1116 if self.stats.fields_filter:
1117 regex = self.stats.fields_filter
1118 if len(regex) > MAX_REGEX_LEN:
1119 regex = regex[:MAX_REGEX_LEN] + '...'
1120 self.screen.addstr(1, 17, 'regex filter: {0}'.format(regex))
1121 if self._display_guests:
1122 col_name = 'Guest Name'
1125 self.screen.addstr(2, 1, '%-40s %10s%7s %8s' %
1126 (col_name, 'Total', '%Total', 'CurAvg/s'),
1128 self.screen.addstr(4, 1, 'Collecting data...')
1129 self.screen.refresh()
1131 def _refresh_body(self, sleeptime):
1132 def insert_child(sorted_items, child, values, parent):
1133 num = len(sorted_items)
1134 for i in range(0, num):
1135 # only add child if parent is present
1136 if parent.startswith(sorted_items[i][0]):
1137 sorted_items.insert(i + 1, (' ' + child, values))
1139 def get_sorted_events(self, stats):
1140 """ separate parent and child events """
1141 if self._sorting == SORT_DEFAULT:
1143 # sort by (delta value, overall value)
1145 return (v.delta, v.value)
1148 # sort by overall value
1154 # we can't rule out child events to appear prior to parents even
1155 # when sorted - separate out all children first, and add in later
1156 for key, values in sorted(stats.items(), key=sortkey,
1158 if values == (0, 0):
1160 if key.find(' ') != -1:
1161 if not self.stats.child_events:
1163 childs.insert(0, (key, values))
1165 sorted_items.append((key, values))
1166 if self.stats.child_events:
1167 for key, values in childs:
1168 (child, parent) = key.split(' ')
1169 insert_child(sorted_items, child, values, parent)
1174 self.screen.move(row, 0)
1175 self.screen.clrtobot()
1176 stats = self.stats.get(self._display_guests)
1179 for key, values in stats.items():
1180 if self._display_guests:
1181 if self.get_gname_from_pid(key):
1182 total += values.value
1184 if not key.find(' ') != -1:
1185 total += values.value
1187 ctotal += values.value
1189 # we don't have any fields, or all non-child events are filtered
1195 for key, values in get_sorted_events(self, stats):
1196 if row >= self.screen.getmaxyx()[0] - 1 or values == (0, 0):
1198 if self._display_guests:
1199 key = self.get_gname_from_pid(key)
1202 cur = int(round(values.delta / sleeptime)) if values.delta else ''
1205 tcur += values.delta
1206 ptotal = values.value
1210 self.screen.addstr(row, 1, '%-40s %10d%7.1f %8s' % (key,
1212 values.value * 100 / float(ltotal), cur))
1215 self.screen.addstr(4, 1, 'No matching events reported yet')
1217 tavg = int(round(tcur / sleeptime)) if tcur > 0 else ''
1218 self.screen.addstr(row, 1, '%-40s %10d %8s' %
1219 ('Total', total, tavg), curses.A_BOLD)
1220 self.screen.refresh()
1222 def _show_msg(self, text):
1223 """Display message centered text and exit on key press"""
1224 hint = 'Press any key to continue'
1227 (x, term_width) = self.screen.getmaxyx()
1230 start = (term_width - len(line)) // 2
1231 self.screen.addstr(row, start, line)
1233 self.screen.addstr(row + 1, (term_width - len(hint)) // 2, hint,
1235 self.screen.getkey()
1237 def _show_help_interactive(self):
1238 """Display help with list of interactive commands"""
1239 msg = (' b toggle events by guests (debugfs only, honors'
1242 ' f filter by regular expression',
1243 ' g filter by guest name/PID',
1244 ' h display interactive commands reference',
1245 ' o toggle sorting order (Total vs CurAvg/s)',
1246 ' p filter by guest name/PID',
1249 ' s set update interval',
1250 ' x toggle reporting of stats for individual child trace'
1252 'Any other key refreshes statistics immediately')
1255 self.screen.addstr(0, 0, "Interactive commands reference",
1257 self.screen.addstr(2, 0, "Press any key to exit", curses.A_STANDOUT)
1260 self.screen.addstr(row, 0, line)
1262 self.screen.getkey()
1263 self._refresh_header()
1265 def _show_filter_selection(self):
1266 """Draws filter selection mask.
1268 Asks for a valid regex and sets the fields filter accordingly.
1274 self.screen.addstr(0, 0,
1275 "Show statistics for events matching a regex.",
1277 self.screen.addstr(2, 0,
1278 "Current regex: {0}"
1279 .format(self.stats.fields_filter))
1280 self.screen.addstr(5, 0, msg)
1281 self.screen.addstr(3, 0, "New regex: ")
1283 regex = self.screen.getstr().decode(ENCODING)
1286 self.stats.fields_filter = ''
1287 self._refresh_header()
1291 self.stats.fields_filter = regex
1292 self._refresh_header()
1295 msg = '"' + regex + '": Not a valid regular expression'
1298 def _show_set_update_interval(self):
1299 """Draws update interval selection mask."""
1303 self.screen.addstr(0, 0, 'Set update interval (defaults to %fs).' %
1304 DELAY_DEFAULT, curses.A_BOLD)
1305 self.screen.addstr(4, 0, msg)
1306 self.screen.addstr(2, 0, 'Change delay from %.1fs to ' %
1307 self._delay_regular)
1309 val = self.screen.getstr().decode(ENCODING)
1316 msg = '"' + str(val) + '": Value must be >=0.1'
1319 msg = '"' + str(val) + '": Value must be <=25.5'
1322 delay = DELAY_DEFAULT
1323 self._delay_regular = delay
1327 msg = '"' + str(val) + '": Invalid value'
1328 self._refresh_header()
1330 def _show_vm_selection_by_guest(self):
1331 """Draws guest selection mask.
1333 Asks for a guest name or pid until a valid guest name or '' is entered.
1339 self.screen.addstr(0, 0,
1340 'Show statistics for specific guest or pid.',
1342 self.screen.addstr(1, 0,
1343 'This might limit the shown data to the trace '
1345 self.screen.addstr(5, 0, msg)
1346 self._print_all_gnames(7)
1349 self.screen.addstr(3, 0, "Guest or pid [ENTER exits]: ")
1350 guest = self.screen.getstr().decode(ENCODING)
1354 if not guest or guest == '0':
1357 if not os.path.isdir(os.path.join('/proc/', guest)):
1358 msg = '"' + guest + '": Not a running process'
1364 pids = self.get_pid_from_gname(guest)
1366 msg = '"' + guest + '": Internal error while searching, ' \
1367 'use pid filter instead'
1370 msg = '"' + guest + '": Not an active guest'
1373 msg = '"' + guest + '": Multiple matches found, use pid ' \
1379 self._refresh_header(pid)
1380 self._update_pid(pid)
1382 def show_stats(self):
1383 """Refreshes the screen and processes user input."""
1384 sleeptime = self._delay_initial
1385 self._refresh_header()
1386 start = 0.0 # result based on init value never appears on screen
1388 self._refresh_body(time.time() - start)
1389 curses.halfdelay(int(sleeptime * 10))
1391 sleeptime = self._delay_regular
1393 char = self.screen.getkey()
1395 self._display_guests = not self._display_guests
1396 if self.stats.toggle_display_guests(self._display_guests):
1397 self._show_msg(['Command not available with '
1398 'tracepoints enabled', 'Restart with '
1399 'debugfs only (see option \'-d\') and '
1401 self._display_guests = not self._display_guests
1402 self._refresh_header()
1404 self.stats.fields_filter = ''
1405 self._refresh_header(0)
1409 self._show_filter_selection()
1411 sleeptime = self._delay_initial
1412 if char == 'g' or char == 'p':
1413 self._show_vm_selection_by_guest()
1414 sleeptime = self._delay_initial
1416 self._show_help_interactive()
1418 self._sorting = not self._sorting
1425 self._show_set_update_interval()
1427 sleeptime = self._delay_initial
1429 self.stats.child_events = not self.stats.child_events
1430 except KeyboardInterrupt:
1432 except curses.error:
1437 """Prints statistics in a key, value format."""
1442 for key, values in sorted(s.items()):
1443 print('%-42s%10d%10d' % (key.split(' ')[0], values.value,
1445 except KeyboardInterrupt:
1450 """Prints statistics as reiterating key block, multiple value blocks."""
1451 keys = sorted(stats.get().keys())
1455 print(key.split(' ')[0], end=' ')
1461 print(' %9d' % s[key].delta, end=' ')
1468 if line % banner_repeat == 0:
1472 except KeyboardInterrupt:
1477 """Returns processed program arguments."""
1478 description_text = """
1479 This script displays various statistics about VMs running under KVM.
1480 The statistics are gathered from the KVM debugfs entries and / or the
1481 currently available perf traces.
1483 The monitoring takes additional cpu cycles and might affect the VM's
1491 - /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid < 1 if user has no
1492 CAP_SYS_ADMIN and perf events are used.
1493 - CAP_SYS_RESOURCE if the hard limit is not high enough to allow
1494 the large number of files that are possibly opened.
1496 Interactive Commands:
1497 b toggle events by guests (debugfs only, honors filters)
1499 f filter by regular expression
1500 g filter by guest name
1501 h display interactive commands reference
1502 o toggle sorting order (Total vs CurAvg/s)
1506 s set update interval
1507 x toggle reporting of stats for individual child trace events
1508 Press any other key to refresh statistics immediately.
1509 """ % (PATH_DEBUGFS_KVM, PATH_DEBUGFS_TRACING)
1511 class PlainHelpFormatter(optparse.IndentedHelpFormatter):
1512 def format_description(self, description):
1514 return description + "\n"
1518 def cb_guest_to_pid(option, opt, val, parser):
1520 pids = Tui.get_pid_from_gname(val)
1522 sys.exit('Error while searching for guest "{}". Use "-p" to '
1523 'specify a pid instead?'.format(val))
1525 sys.exit('Error: No guest by the name "{}" found'.format(val))
1527 sys.exit('Error: Multiple processes found (pids: {}). Use "-p" '
1528 'to specify the desired pid'.format(" ".join(pids)))
1529 parser.values.pid = pids[0]
1531 optparser = optparse.OptionParser(description=description_text,
1532 formatter=PlainHelpFormatter())
1533 optparser.add_option('-1', '--once', '--batch',
1534 action='store_true',
1537 help='run in batch mode for one second',
1539 optparser.add_option('-i', '--debugfs-include-past',
1540 action='store_true',
1542 dest='dbgfs_include_past',
1543 help='include all available data on past events for '
1546 optparser.add_option('-l', '--log',
1547 action='store_true',
1550 help='run in logging mode (like vmstat)',
1552 optparser.add_option('-t', '--tracepoints',
1553 action='store_true',
1556 help='retrieve statistics from tracepoints',
1558 optparser.add_option('-d', '--debugfs',
1559 action='store_true',
1562 help='retrieve statistics from debugfs',
1564 optparser.add_option('-f', '--fields',
1568 help='''fields to display (regex)
1569 "-f help" for a list of available events''',
1571 optparser.add_option('-p', '--pid',
1576 help='restrict statistics to pid',
1578 optparser.add_option('-g', '--guest',
1583 help='restrict statistics to guest by name',
1584 callback=cb_guest_to_pid,
1586 options, unkn = optparser.parse_args(sys.argv)
1588 sys.exit('Error: Extra argument(s): ' + ' '.join(unkn[1:]))
1590 # verify that we were passed a valid regex up front
1591 re.compile(options.fields)
1593 sys.exit('Error: "' + options.fields + '" is not a valid regular '
1599 def check_access(options):
1600 """Exits if the current user can't access all needed directories."""
1601 if not os.path.exists(PATH_DEBUGFS_TRACING) and (options.tracepoints or
1602 not options.debugfs):
1603 sys.stderr.write("Please enable CONFIG_TRACING in your kernel "
1604 "when using the option -t (default).\n"
1605 "If it is enabled, make {0} readable by the "
1607 .format(PATH_DEBUGFS_TRACING))
1608 if options.tracepoints:
1611 sys.stderr.write("Falling back to debugfs statistics!\n")
1612 options.debugfs = True
1618 def assign_globals():
1619 global PATH_DEBUGFS_KVM
1620 global PATH_DEBUGFS_TRACING
1623 for line in open('/proc/mounts'):
1624 if line.split(' ')[0] == 'debugfs':
1625 debugfs = line.split(' ')[1]
1628 sys.stderr.write("Please make sure that CONFIG_DEBUG_FS is enabled in "
1629 "your kernel, mounted and\nreadable by the current "
1631 "('mount -t debugfs debugfs /sys/kernel/debug')\n")
1634 PATH_DEBUGFS_KVM = os.path.join(debugfs, 'kvm')
1635 PATH_DEBUGFS_TRACING = os.path.join(debugfs, 'tracing')
1637 if not os.path.exists(PATH_DEBUGFS_KVM):
1638 sys.stderr.write("Please make sure that CONFIG_KVM is enabled in "
1639 "your kernel and that the modules are loaded.\n")
1645 options = get_options()
1646 options = check_access(options)
1648 if (options.pid > 0 and
1649 not os.path.isdir(os.path.join('/proc/',
1650 str(options.pid)))):
1651 sys.stderr.write('Did you use a (unsupported) tid instead of a pid?\n')
1652 sys.exit('Specified pid does not exist.')
1654 stats = Stats(options)
1656 if options.fields == 'help':
1657 stats.fields_filter = None
1659 for key in stats.get().keys():
1660 event_list.append(key.split('(', 1)[0])
1661 sys.stdout.write(' ' + '\n '.join(sorted(set(event_list))) + '\n')
1666 elif not options.once:
1667 with Tui(stats) as tui:
1672 if __name__ == "__main__":