1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * Completely Fair Scheduling (CFS) Class (SCHED_NORMAL/SCHED_BATCH)
5 * Copyright (C) 2007 Red Hat, Inc., Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
7 * Interactivity improvements by Mike Galbraith
8 * (C) 2007 Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
10 * Various enhancements by Dmitry Adamushko.
11 * (C) 2007 Dmitry Adamushko <dmitry.adamushko@gmail.com>
13 * Group scheduling enhancements by Srivatsa Vaddagiri
14 * Copyright IBM Corporation, 2007
15 * Author: Srivatsa Vaddagiri <vatsa@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
17 * Scaled math optimizations by Thomas Gleixner
18 * Copyright (C) 2007, Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
20 * Adaptive scheduling granularity, math enhancements by Peter Zijlstra
21 * Copyright (C) 2007 Red Hat, Inc., Peter Zijlstra
23 #include <linux/energy_model.h>
24 #include <linux/mmap_lock.h>
25 #include <linux/hugetlb_inline.h>
26 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
27 #include <linux/mm_api.h>
28 #include <linux/highmem.h>
29 #include <linux/spinlock_api.h>
30 #include <linux/cpumask_api.h>
31 #include <linux/lockdep_api.h>
32 #include <linux/softirq.h>
33 #include <linux/refcount_api.h>
34 #include <linux/topology.h>
35 #include <linux/sched/clock.h>
36 #include <linux/sched/cond_resched.h>
37 #include <linux/sched/cputime.h>
38 #include <linux/sched/isolation.h>
39 #include <linux/sched/nohz.h>
41 #include <linux/cpuidle.h>
42 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
43 #include <linux/memory-tiers.h>
44 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
45 #include <linux/mutex_api.h>
46 #include <linux/profile.h>
47 #include <linux/psi.h>
48 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
49 #include <linux/task_work.h>
50 #include <linux/rbtree_augmented.h>
52 #include <asm/switch_to.h>
56 #include "autogroup.h"
59 * The initial- and re-scaling of tunables is configurable
63 * SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_NONE - unscaled, always *1
64 * SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_LOG - scaled logarithmical, *1+ilog(ncpus)
65 * SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_LINEAR - scaled linear, *ncpus
67 * (default SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_LOG = *(1+ilog(ncpus))
69 unsigned int sysctl_sched_tunable_scaling = SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_LOG;
72 * Minimal preemption granularity for CPU-bound tasks:
74 * (default: 0.75 msec * (1 + ilog(ncpus)), units: nanoseconds)
76 unsigned int sysctl_sched_base_slice = 750000ULL;
77 static unsigned int normalized_sysctl_sched_base_slice = 750000ULL;
79 const_debug unsigned int sysctl_sched_migration_cost = 500000UL;
81 int sched_thermal_decay_shift;
82 static int __init setup_sched_thermal_decay_shift(char *str)
86 if (kstrtoint(str, 0, &_shift))
87 pr_warn("Unable to set scheduler thermal pressure decay shift parameter\n");
89 sched_thermal_decay_shift = clamp(_shift, 0, 10);
92 __setup("sched_thermal_decay_shift=", setup_sched_thermal_decay_shift);
96 * For asym packing, by default the lower numbered CPU has higher priority.
98 int __weak arch_asym_cpu_priority(int cpu)
104 * The margin used when comparing utilization with CPU capacity.
108 #define fits_capacity(cap, max) ((cap) * 1280 < (max) * 1024)
111 * The margin used when comparing CPU capacities.
112 * is 'cap1' noticeably greater than 'cap2'
116 #define capacity_greater(cap1, cap2) ((cap1) * 1024 > (cap2) * 1078)
119 #ifdef CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH
121 * Amount of runtime to allocate from global (tg) to local (per-cfs_rq) pool
122 * each time a cfs_rq requests quota.
124 * Note: in the case that the slice exceeds the runtime remaining (either due
125 * to consumption or the quota being specified to be smaller than the slice)
126 * we will always only issue the remaining available time.
128 * (default: 5 msec, units: microseconds)
130 static unsigned int sysctl_sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice = 5000UL;
133 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
134 /* Restrict the NUMA promotion throughput (MB/s) for each target node. */
135 static unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancing_promote_rate_limit = 65536;
139 static struct ctl_table sched_fair_sysctls[] = {
140 #ifdef CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH
142 .procname = "sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice_us",
143 .data = &sysctl_sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice,
144 .maxlen = sizeof(unsigned int),
146 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec_minmax,
147 .extra1 = SYSCTL_ONE,
150 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
152 .procname = "numa_balancing_promote_rate_limit_MBps",
153 .data = &sysctl_numa_balancing_promote_rate_limit,
154 .maxlen = sizeof(unsigned int),
156 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec_minmax,
157 .extra1 = SYSCTL_ZERO,
159 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
163 static int __init sched_fair_sysctl_init(void)
165 register_sysctl_init("kernel", sched_fair_sysctls);
168 late_initcall(sched_fair_sysctl_init);
171 static inline void update_load_add(struct load_weight *lw, unsigned long inc)
177 static inline void update_load_sub(struct load_weight *lw, unsigned long dec)
183 static inline void update_load_set(struct load_weight *lw, unsigned long w)
190 * Increase the granularity value when there are more CPUs,
191 * because with more CPUs the 'effective latency' as visible
192 * to users decreases. But the relationship is not linear,
193 * so pick a second-best guess by going with the log2 of the
196 * This idea comes from the SD scheduler of Con Kolivas:
198 static unsigned int get_update_sysctl_factor(void)
200 unsigned int cpus = min_t(unsigned int, num_online_cpus(), 8);
203 switch (sysctl_sched_tunable_scaling) {
204 case SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_NONE:
207 case SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_LINEAR:
210 case SCHED_TUNABLESCALING_LOG:
212 factor = 1 + ilog2(cpus);
219 static void update_sysctl(void)
221 unsigned int factor = get_update_sysctl_factor();
223 #define SET_SYSCTL(name) \
224 (sysctl_##name = (factor) * normalized_sysctl_##name)
225 SET_SYSCTL(sched_base_slice);
229 void __init sched_init_granularity(void)
234 #define WMULT_CONST (~0U)
235 #define WMULT_SHIFT 32
237 static void __update_inv_weight(struct load_weight *lw)
241 if (likely(lw->inv_weight))
244 w = scale_load_down(lw->weight);
246 if (BITS_PER_LONG > 32 && unlikely(w >= WMULT_CONST))
248 else if (unlikely(!w))
249 lw->inv_weight = WMULT_CONST;
251 lw->inv_weight = WMULT_CONST / w;
255 * delta_exec * weight / lw.weight
257 * (delta_exec * (weight * lw->inv_weight)) >> WMULT_SHIFT
259 * Either weight := NICE_0_LOAD and lw \e sched_prio_to_wmult[], in which case
260 * we're guaranteed shift stays positive because inv_weight is guaranteed to
261 * fit 32 bits, and NICE_0_LOAD gives another 10 bits; therefore shift >= 22.
263 * Or, weight =< lw.weight (because lw.weight is the runqueue weight), thus
264 * weight/lw.weight <= 1, and therefore our shift will also be positive.
266 static u64 __calc_delta(u64 delta_exec, unsigned long weight, struct load_weight *lw)
268 u64 fact = scale_load_down(weight);
269 u32 fact_hi = (u32)(fact >> 32);
270 int shift = WMULT_SHIFT;
273 __update_inv_weight(lw);
275 if (unlikely(fact_hi)) {
281 fact = mul_u32_u32(fact, lw->inv_weight);
283 fact_hi = (u32)(fact >> 32);
290 return mul_u64_u32_shr(delta_exec, fact, shift);
296 static inline u64 calc_delta_fair(u64 delta, struct sched_entity *se)
298 if (unlikely(se->load.weight != NICE_0_LOAD))
299 delta = __calc_delta(delta, NICE_0_LOAD, &se->load);
304 const struct sched_class fair_sched_class;
306 /**************************************************************
307 * CFS operations on generic schedulable entities:
310 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
312 /* Walk up scheduling entities hierarchy */
313 #define for_each_sched_entity(se) \
314 for (; se; se = se->parent)
316 static inline bool list_add_leaf_cfs_rq(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
318 struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
319 int cpu = cpu_of(rq);
322 return rq->tmp_alone_branch == &rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list;
327 * Ensure we either appear before our parent (if already
328 * enqueued) or force our parent to appear after us when it is
329 * enqueued. The fact that we always enqueue bottom-up
330 * reduces this to two cases and a special case for the root
331 * cfs_rq. Furthermore, it also means that we will always reset
332 * tmp_alone_branch either when the branch is connected
333 * to a tree or when we reach the top of the tree
335 if (cfs_rq->tg->parent &&
336 cfs_rq->tg->parent->cfs_rq[cpu]->on_list) {
338 * If parent is already on the list, we add the child
339 * just before. Thanks to circular linked property of
340 * the list, this means to put the child at the tail
341 * of the list that starts by parent.
343 list_add_tail_rcu(&cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list,
344 &(cfs_rq->tg->parent->cfs_rq[cpu]->leaf_cfs_rq_list));
346 * The branch is now connected to its tree so we can
347 * reset tmp_alone_branch to the beginning of the
350 rq->tmp_alone_branch = &rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list;
354 if (!cfs_rq->tg->parent) {
356 * cfs rq without parent should be put
357 * at the tail of the list.
359 list_add_tail_rcu(&cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list,
360 &rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list);
362 * We have reach the top of a tree so we can reset
363 * tmp_alone_branch to the beginning of the list.
365 rq->tmp_alone_branch = &rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list;
370 * The parent has not already been added so we want to
371 * make sure that it will be put after us.
372 * tmp_alone_branch points to the begin of the branch
373 * where we will add parent.
375 list_add_rcu(&cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list, rq->tmp_alone_branch);
377 * update tmp_alone_branch to points to the new begin
380 rq->tmp_alone_branch = &cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list;
384 static inline void list_del_leaf_cfs_rq(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
386 if (cfs_rq->on_list) {
387 struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
390 * With cfs_rq being unthrottled/throttled during an enqueue,
391 * it can happen the tmp_alone_branch points to the leaf that
392 * we finally want to delete. In this case, tmp_alone_branch moves
393 * to the prev element but it will point to rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list
394 * at the end of the enqueue.
396 if (rq->tmp_alone_branch == &cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list)
397 rq->tmp_alone_branch = cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list.prev;
399 list_del_rcu(&cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list);
404 static inline void assert_list_leaf_cfs_rq(struct rq *rq)
406 SCHED_WARN_ON(rq->tmp_alone_branch != &rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list);
409 /* Iterate through all leaf cfs_rq's on a runqueue */
410 #define for_each_leaf_cfs_rq_safe(rq, cfs_rq, pos) \
411 list_for_each_entry_safe(cfs_rq, pos, &rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list, \
414 /* Do the two (enqueued) entities belong to the same group ? */
415 static inline struct cfs_rq *
416 is_same_group(struct sched_entity *se, struct sched_entity *pse)
418 if (se->cfs_rq == pse->cfs_rq)
424 static inline struct sched_entity *parent_entity(const struct sched_entity *se)
430 find_matching_se(struct sched_entity **se, struct sched_entity **pse)
432 int se_depth, pse_depth;
435 * preemption test can be made between sibling entities who are in the
436 * same cfs_rq i.e who have a common parent. Walk up the hierarchy of
437 * both tasks until we find their ancestors who are siblings of common
441 /* First walk up until both entities are at same depth */
442 se_depth = (*se)->depth;
443 pse_depth = (*pse)->depth;
445 while (se_depth > pse_depth) {
447 *se = parent_entity(*se);
450 while (pse_depth > se_depth) {
452 *pse = parent_entity(*pse);
455 while (!is_same_group(*se, *pse)) {
456 *se = parent_entity(*se);
457 *pse = parent_entity(*pse);
461 static int tg_is_idle(struct task_group *tg)
466 static int cfs_rq_is_idle(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
468 return cfs_rq->idle > 0;
471 static int se_is_idle(struct sched_entity *se)
473 if (entity_is_task(se))
474 return task_has_idle_policy(task_of(se));
475 return cfs_rq_is_idle(group_cfs_rq(se));
478 #else /* !CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED */
480 #define for_each_sched_entity(se) \
481 for (; se; se = NULL)
483 static inline bool list_add_leaf_cfs_rq(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
488 static inline void list_del_leaf_cfs_rq(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
492 static inline void assert_list_leaf_cfs_rq(struct rq *rq)
496 #define for_each_leaf_cfs_rq_safe(rq, cfs_rq, pos) \
497 for (cfs_rq = &rq->cfs, pos = NULL; cfs_rq; cfs_rq = pos)
499 static inline struct sched_entity *parent_entity(struct sched_entity *se)
505 find_matching_se(struct sched_entity **se, struct sched_entity **pse)
509 static inline int tg_is_idle(struct task_group *tg)
514 static int cfs_rq_is_idle(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
519 static int se_is_idle(struct sched_entity *se)
524 #endif /* CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED */
526 static __always_inline
527 void account_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 delta_exec);
529 /**************************************************************
530 * Scheduling class tree data structure manipulation methods:
533 static inline u64 max_vruntime(u64 max_vruntime, u64 vruntime)
535 s64 delta = (s64)(vruntime - max_vruntime);
537 max_vruntime = vruntime;
542 static inline u64 min_vruntime(u64 min_vruntime, u64 vruntime)
544 s64 delta = (s64)(vruntime - min_vruntime);
546 min_vruntime = vruntime;
551 static inline bool entity_before(const struct sched_entity *a,
552 const struct sched_entity *b)
555 * Tiebreak on vruntime seems unnecessary since it can
558 return (s64)(a->deadline - b->deadline) < 0;
561 static inline s64 entity_key(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
563 return (s64)(se->vruntime - cfs_rq->min_vruntime);
566 #define __node_2_se(node) \
567 rb_entry((node), struct sched_entity, run_node)
570 * Compute virtual time from the per-task service numbers:
572 * Fair schedulers conserve lag:
576 * Where lag_i is given by:
578 * lag_i = S - s_i = w_i * (V - v_i)
580 * Where S is the ideal service time and V is it's virtual time counterpart.
584 * \Sum w_i * (V - v_i) = 0
585 * \Sum w_i * V - w_i * v_i = 0
587 * From which we can solve an expression for V in v_i (which we have in
590 * \Sum v_i * w_i \Sum v_i * w_i
591 * V = -------------- = --------------
594 * Specifically, this is the weighted average of all entity virtual runtimes.
596 * [[ NOTE: this is only equal to the ideal scheduler under the condition
597 * that join/leave operations happen at lag_i = 0, otherwise the
598 * virtual time has non-contiguous motion equivalent to:
602 * Also see the comment in place_entity() that deals with this. ]]
604 * However, since v_i is u64, and the multiplication could easily overflow
605 * transform it into a relative form that uses smaller quantities:
607 * Substitute: v_i == (v_i - v0) + v0
609 * \Sum ((v_i - v0) + v0) * w_i \Sum (v_i - v0) * w_i
610 * V = ---------------------------- = --------------------- + v0
613 * Which we track using:
615 * v0 := cfs_rq->min_vruntime
616 * \Sum (v_i - v0) * w_i := cfs_rq->avg_vruntime
617 * \Sum w_i := cfs_rq->avg_load
619 * Since min_vruntime is a monotonic increasing variable that closely tracks
620 * the per-task service, these deltas: (v_i - v), will be in the order of the
621 * maximal (virtual) lag induced in the system due to quantisation.
623 * Also, we use scale_load_down() to reduce the size.
625 * As measured, the max (key * weight) value was ~44 bits for a kernel build.
628 avg_vruntime_add(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
630 unsigned long weight = scale_load_down(se->load.weight);
631 s64 key = entity_key(cfs_rq, se);
633 cfs_rq->avg_vruntime += key * weight;
634 cfs_rq->avg_load += weight;
638 avg_vruntime_sub(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
640 unsigned long weight = scale_load_down(se->load.weight);
641 s64 key = entity_key(cfs_rq, se);
643 cfs_rq->avg_vruntime -= key * weight;
644 cfs_rq->avg_load -= weight;
648 void avg_vruntime_update(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, s64 delta)
651 * v' = v + d ==> avg_vruntime' = avg_runtime - d*avg_load
653 cfs_rq->avg_vruntime -= cfs_rq->avg_load * delta;
657 * Specifically: avg_runtime() + 0 must result in entity_eligible() := true
658 * For this to be so, the result of this function must have a left bias.
660 u64 avg_vruntime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
662 struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq->curr;
663 s64 avg = cfs_rq->avg_vruntime;
664 long load = cfs_rq->avg_load;
666 if (curr && curr->on_rq) {
667 unsigned long weight = scale_load_down(curr->load.weight);
669 avg += entity_key(cfs_rq, curr) * weight;
674 /* sign flips effective floor / ceiling */
677 avg = div_s64(avg, load);
680 return cfs_rq->min_vruntime + avg;
684 * lag_i = S - s_i = w_i * (V - v_i)
686 * However, since V is approximated by the weighted average of all entities it
687 * is possible -- by addition/removal/reweight to the tree -- to move V around
688 * and end up with a larger lag than we started with.
690 * Limit this to either double the slice length with a minimum of TICK_NSEC
691 * since that is the timing granularity.
693 * EEVDF gives the following limit for a steady state system:
695 * -r_max < lag < max(r_max, q)
697 * XXX could add max_slice to the augmented data to track this.
699 static void update_entity_lag(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
703 SCHED_WARN_ON(!se->on_rq);
704 lag = avg_vruntime(cfs_rq) - se->vruntime;
706 limit = calc_delta_fair(max_t(u64, 2*se->slice, TICK_NSEC), se);
707 se->vlag = clamp(lag, -limit, limit);
711 * Entity is eligible once it received less service than it ought to have,
714 * lag_i = S - s_i = w_i*(V - v_i)
716 * lag_i >= 0 -> V >= v_i
719 * V = ------------------ + v
722 * lag_i >= 0 -> \Sum (v_i - v)*w_i >= (v_i - v)*(\Sum w_i)
724 * Note: using 'avg_vruntime() > se->vruntime' is inaccurate due
725 * to the loss in precision caused by the division.
727 static int vruntime_eligible(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 vruntime)
729 struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq->curr;
730 s64 avg = cfs_rq->avg_vruntime;
731 long load = cfs_rq->avg_load;
733 if (curr && curr->on_rq) {
734 unsigned long weight = scale_load_down(curr->load.weight);
736 avg += entity_key(cfs_rq, curr) * weight;
740 return avg >= (s64)(vruntime - cfs_rq->min_vruntime) * load;
743 int entity_eligible(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
745 return vruntime_eligible(cfs_rq, se->vruntime);
748 static u64 __update_min_vruntime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 vruntime)
750 u64 min_vruntime = cfs_rq->min_vruntime;
752 * open coded max_vruntime() to allow updating avg_vruntime
754 s64 delta = (s64)(vruntime - min_vruntime);
756 avg_vruntime_update(cfs_rq, delta);
757 min_vruntime = vruntime;
762 static void update_min_vruntime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
764 struct sched_entity *se = __pick_root_entity(cfs_rq);
765 struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq->curr;
766 u64 vruntime = cfs_rq->min_vruntime;
770 vruntime = curr->vruntime;
777 vruntime = se->min_vruntime;
779 vruntime = min_vruntime(vruntime, se->min_vruntime);
782 /* ensure we never gain time by being placed backwards. */
783 u64_u32_store(cfs_rq->min_vruntime,
784 __update_min_vruntime(cfs_rq, vruntime));
787 static inline bool __entity_less(struct rb_node *a, const struct rb_node *b)
789 return entity_before(__node_2_se(a), __node_2_se(b));
792 #define vruntime_gt(field, lse, rse) ({ (s64)((lse)->field - (rse)->field) > 0; })
794 static inline void __min_vruntime_update(struct sched_entity *se, struct rb_node *node)
797 struct sched_entity *rse = __node_2_se(node);
798 if (vruntime_gt(min_vruntime, se, rse))
799 se->min_vruntime = rse->min_vruntime;
804 * se->min_vruntime = min(se->vruntime, {left,right}->min_vruntime)
806 static inline bool min_vruntime_update(struct sched_entity *se, bool exit)
808 u64 old_min_vruntime = se->min_vruntime;
809 struct rb_node *node = &se->run_node;
811 se->min_vruntime = se->vruntime;
812 __min_vruntime_update(se, node->rb_right);
813 __min_vruntime_update(se, node->rb_left);
815 return se->min_vruntime == old_min_vruntime;
818 RB_DECLARE_CALLBACKS(static, min_vruntime_cb, struct sched_entity,
819 run_node, min_vruntime, min_vruntime_update);
822 * Enqueue an entity into the rb-tree:
824 static void __enqueue_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
826 avg_vruntime_add(cfs_rq, se);
827 se->min_vruntime = se->vruntime;
828 rb_add_augmented_cached(&se->run_node, &cfs_rq->tasks_timeline,
829 __entity_less, &min_vruntime_cb);
832 static void __dequeue_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
834 rb_erase_augmented_cached(&se->run_node, &cfs_rq->tasks_timeline,
836 avg_vruntime_sub(cfs_rq, se);
839 struct sched_entity *__pick_root_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
841 struct rb_node *root = cfs_rq->tasks_timeline.rb_root.rb_node;
846 return __node_2_se(root);
849 struct sched_entity *__pick_first_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
851 struct rb_node *left = rb_first_cached(&cfs_rq->tasks_timeline);
856 return __node_2_se(left);
860 * Earliest Eligible Virtual Deadline First
862 * In order to provide latency guarantees for different request sizes
863 * EEVDF selects the best runnable task from two criteria:
865 * 1) the task must be eligible (must be owed service)
867 * 2) from those tasks that meet 1), we select the one
868 * with the earliest virtual deadline.
870 * We can do this in O(log n) time due to an augmented RB-tree. The
871 * tree keeps the entries sorted on deadline, but also functions as a
872 * heap based on the vruntime by keeping:
874 * se->min_vruntime = min(se->vruntime, se->{left,right}->min_vruntime)
876 * Which allows tree pruning through eligibility.
878 static struct sched_entity *pick_eevdf(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
880 struct rb_node *node = cfs_rq->tasks_timeline.rb_root.rb_node;
881 struct sched_entity *se = __pick_first_entity(cfs_rq);
882 struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq->curr;
883 struct sched_entity *best = NULL;
886 * We can safely skip eligibility check if there is only one entity
887 * in this cfs_rq, saving some cycles.
889 if (cfs_rq->nr_running == 1)
890 return curr && curr->on_rq ? curr : se;
892 if (curr && (!curr->on_rq || !entity_eligible(cfs_rq, curr)))
896 * Once selected, run a task until it either becomes non-eligible or
897 * until it gets a new slice. See the HACK in set_next_entity().
899 if (sched_feat(RUN_TO_PARITY) && curr && curr->vlag == curr->deadline)
902 /* Pick the leftmost entity if it's eligible */
903 if (se && entity_eligible(cfs_rq, se)) {
908 /* Heap search for the EEVD entity */
910 struct rb_node *left = node->rb_left;
913 * Eligible entities in left subtree are always better
914 * choices, since they have earlier deadlines.
916 if (left && vruntime_eligible(cfs_rq,
917 __node_2_se(left)->min_vruntime)) {
922 se = __node_2_se(node);
925 * The left subtree either is empty or has no eligible
926 * entity, so check the current node since it is the one
927 * with earliest deadline that might be eligible.
929 if (entity_eligible(cfs_rq, se)) {
934 node = node->rb_right;
937 if (!best || (curr && entity_before(curr, best)))
943 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG
944 struct sched_entity *__pick_last_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
946 struct rb_node *last = rb_last(&cfs_rq->tasks_timeline.rb_root);
951 return __node_2_se(last);
954 /**************************************************************
955 * Scheduling class statistics methods:
958 int sched_update_scaling(void)
960 unsigned int factor = get_update_sysctl_factor();
962 #define WRT_SYSCTL(name) \
963 (normalized_sysctl_##name = sysctl_##name / (factor))
964 WRT_SYSCTL(sched_base_slice);
972 static void clear_buddies(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se);
975 * XXX: strictly: vd_i += N*r_i/w_i such that: vd_i > ve_i
976 * this is probably good enough.
978 static void update_deadline(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
980 if ((s64)(se->vruntime - se->deadline) < 0)
984 * For EEVDF the virtual time slope is determined by w_i (iow.
985 * nice) while the request time r_i is determined by
986 * sysctl_sched_base_slice.
988 se->slice = sysctl_sched_base_slice;
991 * EEVDF: vd_i = ve_i + r_i / w_i
993 se->deadline = se->vruntime + calc_delta_fair(se->slice, se);
996 * The task has consumed its request, reschedule.
998 if (cfs_rq->nr_running > 1) {
999 resched_curr(rq_of(cfs_rq));
1000 clear_buddies(cfs_rq, se);
1007 static int select_idle_sibling(struct task_struct *p, int prev_cpu, int cpu);
1008 static unsigned long task_h_load(struct task_struct *p);
1009 static unsigned long capacity_of(int cpu);
1011 /* Give new sched_entity start runnable values to heavy its load in infant time */
1012 void init_entity_runnable_average(struct sched_entity *se)
1014 struct sched_avg *sa = &se->avg;
1016 memset(sa, 0, sizeof(*sa));
1019 * Tasks are initialized with full load to be seen as heavy tasks until
1020 * they get a chance to stabilize to their real load level.
1021 * Group entities are initialized with zero load to reflect the fact that
1022 * nothing has been attached to the task group yet.
1024 if (entity_is_task(se))
1025 sa->load_avg = scale_load_down(se->load.weight);
1027 /* when this task is enqueued, it will contribute to its cfs_rq's load_avg */
1031 * With new tasks being created, their initial util_avgs are extrapolated
1032 * based on the cfs_rq's current util_avg:
1034 * util_avg = cfs_rq->util_avg / (cfs_rq->load_avg + 1) * se.load.weight
1036 * However, in many cases, the above util_avg does not give a desired
1037 * value. Moreover, the sum of the util_avgs may be divergent, such
1038 * as when the series is a harmonic series.
1040 * To solve this problem, we also cap the util_avg of successive tasks to
1041 * only 1/2 of the left utilization budget:
1043 * util_avg_cap = (cpu_scale - cfs_rq->avg.util_avg) / 2^n
1045 * where n denotes the nth task and cpu_scale the CPU capacity.
1047 * For example, for a CPU with 1024 of capacity, a simplest series from
1048 * the beginning would be like:
1050 * task util_avg: 512, 256, 128, 64, 32, 16, 8, ...
1051 * cfs_rq util_avg: 512, 768, 896, 960, 992, 1008, 1016, ...
1053 * Finally, that extrapolated util_avg is clamped to the cap (util_avg_cap)
1054 * if util_avg > util_avg_cap.
1056 void post_init_entity_util_avg(struct task_struct *p)
1058 struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
1059 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
1060 struct sched_avg *sa = &se->avg;
1061 long cpu_scale = arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu_of(rq_of(cfs_rq)));
1062 long cap = (long)(cpu_scale - cfs_rq->avg.util_avg) / 2;
1064 if (p->sched_class != &fair_sched_class) {
1066 * For !fair tasks do:
1068 update_cfs_rq_load_avg(now, cfs_rq);
1069 attach_entity_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
1070 switched_from_fair(rq, p);
1072 * such that the next switched_to_fair() has the
1075 se->avg.last_update_time = cfs_rq_clock_pelt(cfs_rq);
1080 if (cfs_rq->avg.util_avg != 0) {
1081 sa->util_avg = cfs_rq->avg.util_avg * se->load.weight;
1082 sa->util_avg /= (cfs_rq->avg.load_avg + 1);
1084 if (sa->util_avg > cap)
1091 sa->runnable_avg = sa->util_avg;
1094 #else /* !CONFIG_SMP */
1095 void init_entity_runnable_average(struct sched_entity *se)
1098 void post_init_entity_util_avg(struct task_struct *p)
1101 static void update_tg_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
1104 #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
1106 static s64 update_curr_se(struct rq *rq, struct sched_entity *curr)
1108 u64 now = rq_clock_task(rq);
1111 delta_exec = now - curr->exec_start;
1112 if (unlikely(delta_exec <= 0))
1115 curr->exec_start = now;
1116 curr->sum_exec_runtime += delta_exec;
1118 if (schedstat_enabled()) {
1119 struct sched_statistics *stats;
1121 stats = __schedstats_from_se(curr);
1122 __schedstat_set(stats->exec_max,
1123 max(delta_exec, stats->exec_max));
1129 static inline void update_curr_task(struct task_struct *p, s64 delta_exec)
1131 trace_sched_stat_runtime(p, delta_exec);
1132 account_group_exec_runtime(p, delta_exec);
1133 cgroup_account_cputime(p, delta_exec);
1135 dl_server_update(p->dl_server, delta_exec);
1139 * Used by other classes to account runtime.
1141 s64 update_curr_common(struct rq *rq)
1143 struct task_struct *curr = rq->curr;
1146 delta_exec = update_curr_se(rq, &curr->se);
1147 if (likely(delta_exec > 0))
1148 update_curr_task(curr, delta_exec);
1154 * Update the current task's runtime statistics.
1156 static void update_curr(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
1158 struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq->curr;
1161 if (unlikely(!curr))
1164 delta_exec = update_curr_se(rq_of(cfs_rq), curr);
1165 if (unlikely(delta_exec <= 0))
1168 curr->vruntime += calc_delta_fair(delta_exec, curr);
1169 update_deadline(cfs_rq, curr);
1170 update_min_vruntime(cfs_rq);
1172 if (entity_is_task(curr))
1173 update_curr_task(task_of(curr), delta_exec);
1175 account_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq, delta_exec);
1178 static void update_curr_fair(struct rq *rq)
1180 update_curr(cfs_rq_of(&rq->curr->se));
1184 update_stats_wait_start_fair(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
1186 struct sched_statistics *stats;
1187 struct task_struct *p = NULL;
1189 if (!schedstat_enabled())
1192 stats = __schedstats_from_se(se);
1194 if (entity_is_task(se))
1197 __update_stats_wait_start(rq_of(cfs_rq), p, stats);
1201 update_stats_wait_end_fair(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
1203 struct sched_statistics *stats;
1204 struct task_struct *p = NULL;
1206 if (!schedstat_enabled())
1209 stats = __schedstats_from_se(se);
1212 * When the sched_schedstat changes from 0 to 1, some sched se
1213 * maybe already in the runqueue, the se->statistics.wait_start
1214 * will be 0.So it will let the delta wrong. We need to avoid this
1217 if (unlikely(!schedstat_val(stats->wait_start)))
1220 if (entity_is_task(se))
1223 __update_stats_wait_end(rq_of(cfs_rq), p, stats);
1227 update_stats_enqueue_sleeper_fair(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
1229 struct sched_statistics *stats;
1230 struct task_struct *tsk = NULL;
1232 if (!schedstat_enabled())
1235 stats = __schedstats_from_se(se);
1237 if (entity_is_task(se))
1240 __update_stats_enqueue_sleeper(rq_of(cfs_rq), tsk, stats);
1244 * Task is being enqueued - update stats:
1247 update_stats_enqueue_fair(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags)
1249 if (!schedstat_enabled())
1253 * Are we enqueueing a waiting task? (for current tasks
1254 * a dequeue/enqueue event is a NOP)
1256 if (se != cfs_rq->curr)
1257 update_stats_wait_start_fair(cfs_rq, se);
1259 if (flags & ENQUEUE_WAKEUP)
1260 update_stats_enqueue_sleeper_fair(cfs_rq, se);
1264 update_stats_dequeue_fair(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags)
1267 if (!schedstat_enabled())
1271 * Mark the end of the wait period if dequeueing a
1274 if (se != cfs_rq->curr)
1275 update_stats_wait_end_fair(cfs_rq, se);
1277 if ((flags & DEQUEUE_SLEEP) && entity_is_task(se)) {
1278 struct task_struct *tsk = task_of(se);
1281 /* XXX racy against TTWU */
1282 state = READ_ONCE(tsk->__state);
1283 if (state & TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE)
1284 __schedstat_set(tsk->stats.sleep_start,
1285 rq_clock(rq_of(cfs_rq)));
1286 if (state & TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE)
1287 __schedstat_set(tsk->stats.block_start,
1288 rq_clock(rq_of(cfs_rq)));
1293 * We are picking a new current task - update its stats:
1296 update_stats_curr_start(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
1299 * We are starting a new run period:
1301 se->exec_start = rq_clock_task(rq_of(cfs_rq));
1304 /**************************************************
1305 * Scheduling class queueing methods:
1308 static inline bool is_core_idle(int cpu)
1310 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
1313 for_each_cpu(sibling, cpu_smt_mask(cpu)) {
1317 if (!idle_cpu(sibling))
1326 #define NUMA_IMBALANCE_MIN 2
1329 adjust_numa_imbalance(int imbalance, int dst_running, int imb_numa_nr)
1332 * Allow a NUMA imbalance if busy CPUs is less than the maximum
1333 * threshold. Above this threshold, individual tasks may be contending
1334 * for both memory bandwidth and any shared HT resources. This is an
1335 * approximation as the number of running tasks may not be related to
1336 * the number of busy CPUs due to sched_setaffinity.
1338 if (dst_running > imb_numa_nr)
1342 * Allow a small imbalance based on a simple pair of communicating
1343 * tasks that remain local when the destination is lightly loaded.
1345 if (imbalance <= NUMA_IMBALANCE_MIN)
1350 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA */
1352 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
1354 * Approximate time to scan a full NUMA task in ms. The task scan period is
1355 * calculated based on the tasks virtual memory size and
1356 * numa_balancing_scan_size.
1358 unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_period_min = 1000;
1359 unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_period_max = 60000;
1361 /* Portion of address space to scan in MB */
1362 unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_size = 256;
1364 /* Scan @scan_size MB every @scan_period after an initial @scan_delay in ms */
1365 unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_delay = 1000;
1367 /* The page with hint page fault latency < threshold in ms is considered hot */
1368 unsigned int sysctl_numa_balancing_hot_threshold = MSEC_PER_SEC;
1371 refcount_t refcount;
1373 spinlock_t lock; /* nr_tasks, tasks */
1378 struct rcu_head rcu;
1379 unsigned long total_faults;
1380 unsigned long max_faults_cpu;
1382 * faults[] array is split into two regions: faults_mem and faults_cpu.
1384 * Faults_cpu is used to decide whether memory should move
1385 * towards the CPU. As a consequence, these stats are weighted
1386 * more by CPU use than by memory faults.
1388 unsigned long faults[];
1392 * For functions that can be called in multiple contexts that permit reading
1393 * ->numa_group (see struct task_struct for locking rules).
1395 static struct numa_group *deref_task_numa_group(struct task_struct *p)
1397 return rcu_dereference_check(p->numa_group, p == current ||
1398 (lockdep_is_held(__rq_lockp(task_rq(p))) && !READ_ONCE(p->on_cpu)));
1401 static struct numa_group *deref_curr_numa_group(struct task_struct *p)
1403 return rcu_dereference_protected(p->numa_group, p == current);
1406 static inline unsigned long group_faults_priv(struct numa_group *ng);
1407 static inline unsigned long group_faults_shared(struct numa_group *ng);
1409 static unsigned int task_nr_scan_windows(struct task_struct *p)
1411 unsigned long rss = 0;
1412 unsigned long nr_scan_pages;
1415 * Calculations based on RSS as non-present and empty pages are skipped
1416 * by the PTE scanner and NUMA hinting faults should be trapped based
1419 nr_scan_pages = sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_size << (20 - PAGE_SHIFT);
1420 rss = get_mm_rss(p->mm);
1422 rss = nr_scan_pages;
1424 rss = round_up(rss, nr_scan_pages);
1425 return rss / nr_scan_pages;
1428 /* For sanity's sake, never scan more PTEs than MAX_SCAN_WINDOW MB/sec. */
1429 #define MAX_SCAN_WINDOW 2560
1431 static unsigned int task_scan_min(struct task_struct *p)
1433 unsigned int scan_size = READ_ONCE(sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_size);
1434 unsigned int scan, floor;
1435 unsigned int windows = 1;
1437 if (scan_size < MAX_SCAN_WINDOW)
1438 windows = MAX_SCAN_WINDOW / scan_size;
1439 floor = 1000 / windows;
1441 scan = sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_period_min / task_nr_scan_windows(p);
1442 return max_t(unsigned int, floor, scan);
1445 static unsigned int task_scan_start(struct task_struct *p)
1447 unsigned long smin = task_scan_min(p);
1448 unsigned long period = smin;
1449 struct numa_group *ng;
1451 /* Scale the maximum scan period with the amount of shared memory. */
1453 ng = rcu_dereference(p->numa_group);
1455 unsigned long shared = group_faults_shared(ng);
1456 unsigned long private = group_faults_priv(ng);
1458 period *= refcount_read(&ng->refcount);
1459 period *= shared + 1;
1460 period /= private + shared + 1;
1464 return max(smin, period);
1467 static unsigned int task_scan_max(struct task_struct *p)
1469 unsigned long smin = task_scan_min(p);
1471 struct numa_group *ng;
1473 /* Watch for min being lower than max due to floor calculations */
1474 smax = sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_period_max / task_nr_scan_windows(p);
1476 /* Scale the maximum scan period with the amount of shared memory. */
1477 ng = deref_curr_numa_group(p);
1479 unsigned long shared = group_faults_shared(ng);
1480 unsigned long private = group_faults_priv(ng);
1481 unsigned long period = smax;
1483 period *= refcount_read(&ng->refcount);
1484 period *= shared + 1;
1485 period /= private + shared + 1;
1487 smax = max(smax, period);
1490 return max(smin, smax);
1493 static void account_numa_enqueue(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
1495 rq->nr_numa_running += (p->numa_preferred_nid != NUMA_NO_NODE);
1496 rq->nr_preferred_running += (p->numa_preferred_nid == task_node(p));
1499 static void account_numa_dequeue(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
1501 rq->nr_numa_running -= (p->numa_preferred_nid != NUMA_NO_NODE);
1502 rq->nr_preferred_running -= (p->numa_preferred_nid == task_node(p));
1505 /* Shared or private faults. */
1506 #define NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_TYPES 2
1508 /* Memory and CPU locality */
1509 #define NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_STATS (NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_TYPES * 2)
1511 /* Averaged statistics, and temporary buffers. */
1512 #define NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_BUCKETS (NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_STATS * 2)
1514 pid_t task_numa_group_id(struct task_struct *p)
1516 struct numa_group *ng;
1520 ng = rcu_dereference(p->numa_group);
1529 * The averaged statistics, shared & private, memory & CPU,
1530 * occupy the first half of the array. The second half of the
1531 * array is for current counters, which are averaged into the
1532 * first set by task_numa_placement.
1534 static inline int task_faults_idx(enum numa_faults_stats s, int nid, int priv)
1536 return NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_TYPES * (s * nr_node_ids + nid) + priv;
1539 static inline unsigned long task_faults(struct task_struct *p, int nid)
1541 if (!p->numa_faults)
1544 return p->numa_faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, nid, 0)] +
1545 p->numa_faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, nid, 1)];
1548 static inline unsigned long group_faults(struct task_struct *p, int nid)
1550 struct numa_group *ng = deref_task_numa_group(p);
1555 return ng->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, nid, 0)] +
1556 ng->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, nid, 1)];
1559 static inline unsigned long group_faults_cpu(struct numa_group *group, int nid)
1561 return group->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_CPU, nid, 0)] +
1562 group->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_CPU, nid, 1)];
1565 static inline unsigned long group_faults_priv(struct numa_group *ng)
1567 unsigned long faults = 0;
1570 for_each_online_node(node) {
1571 faults += ng->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, node, 1)];
1577 static inline unsigned long group_faults_shared(struct numa_group *ng)
1579 unsigned long faults = 0;
1582 for_each_online_node(node) {
1583 faults += ng->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, node, 0)];
1590 * A node triggering more than 1/3 as many NUMA faults as the maximum is
1591 * considered part of a numa group's pseudo-interleaving set. Migrations
1592 * between these nodes are slowed down, to allow things to settle down.
1594 #define ACTIVE_NODE_FRACTION 3
1596 static bool numa_is_active_node(int nid, struct numa_group *ng)
1598 return group_faults_cpu(ng, nid) * ACTIVE_NODE_FRACTION > ng->max_faults_cpu;
1601 /* Handle placement on systems where not all nodes are directly connected. */
1602 static unsigned long score_nearby_nodes(struct task_struct *p, int nid,
1603 int lim_dist, bool task)
1605 unsigned long score = 0;
1609 * All nodes are directly connected, and the same distance
1610 * from each other. No need for fancy placement algorithms.
1612 if (sched_numa_topology_type == NUMA_DIRECT)
1615 /* sched_max_numa_distance may be changed in parallel. */
1616 max_dist = READ_ONCE(sched_max_numa_distance);
1618 * This code is called for each node, introducing N^2 complexity,
1619 * which should be OK given the number of nodes rarely exceeds 8.
1621 for_each_online_node(node) {
1622 unsigned long faults;
1623 int dist = node_distance(nid, node);
1626 * The furthest away nodes in the system are not interesting
1627 * for placement; nid was already counted.
1629 if (dist >= max_dist || node == nid)
1633 * On systems with a backplane NUMA topology, compare groups
1634 * of nodes, and move tasks towards the group with the most
1635 * memory accesses. When comparing two nodes at distance
1636 * "hoplimit", only nodes closer by than "hoplimit" are part
1637 * of each group. Skip other nodes.
1639 if (sched_numa_topology_type == NUMA_BACKPLANE && dist >= lim_dist)
1642 /* Add up the faults from nearby nodes. */
1644 faults = task_faults(p, node);
1646 faults = group_faults(p, node);
1649 * On systems with a glueless mesh NUMA topology, there are
1650 * no fixed "groups of nodes". Instead, nodes that are not
1651 * directly connected bounce traffic through intermediate
1652 * nodes; a numa_group can occupy any set of nodes.
1653 * The further away a node is, the less the faults count.
1654 * This seems to result in good task placement.
1656 if (sched_numa_topology_type == NUMA_GLUELESS_MESH) {
1657 faults *= (max_dist - dist);
1658 faults /= (max_dist - LOCAL_DISTANCE);
1668 * These return the fraction of accesses done by a particular task, or
1669 * task group, on a particular numa node. The group weight is given a
1670 * larger multiplier, in order to group tasks together that are almost
1671 * evenly spread out between numa nodes.
1673 static inline unsigned long task_weight(struct task_struct *p, int nid,
1676 unsigned long faults, total_faults;
1678 if (!p->numa_faults)
1681 total_faults = p->total_numa_faults;
1686 faults = task_faults(p, nid);
1687 faults += score_nearby_nodes(p, nid, dist, true);
1689 return 1000 * faults / total_faults;
1692 static inline unsigned long group_weight(struct task_struct *p, int nid,
1695 struct numa_group *ng = deref_task_numa_group(p);
1696 unsigned long faults, total_faults;
1701 total_faults = ng->total_faults;
1706 faults = group_faults(p, nid);
1707 faults += score_nearby_nodes(p, nid, dist, false);
1709 return 1000 * faults / total_faults;
1713 * If memory tiering mode is enabled, cpupid of slow memory page is
1714 * used to record scan time instead of CPU and PID. When tiering mode
1715 * is disabled at run time, the scan time (in cpupid) will be
1716 * interpreted as CPU and PID. So CPU needs to be checked to avoid to
1717 * access out of array bound.
1719 static inline bool cpupid_valid(int cpupid)
1721 return cpupid_to_cpu(cpupid) < nr_cpu_ids;
1725 * For memory tiering mode, if there are enough free pages (more than
1726 * enough watermark defined here) in fast memory node, to take full
1727 * advantage of fast memory capacity, all recently accessed slow
1728 * memory pages will be migrated to fast memory node without
1729 * considering hot threshold.
1731 static bool pgdat_free_space_enough(struct pglist_data *pgdat)
1734 unsigned long enough_wmark;
1736 enough_wmark = max(1UL * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 >> PAGE_SHIFT,
1737 pgdat->node_present_pages >> 4);
1738 for (z = pgdat->nr_zones - 1; z >= 0; z--) {
1739 struct zone *zone = pgdat->node_zones + z;
1741 if (!populated_zone(zone))
1744 if (zone_watermark_ok(zone, 0,
1745 wmark_pages(zone, WMARK_PROMO) + enough_wmark,
1753 * For memory tiering mode, when page tables are scanned, the scan
1754 * time will be recorded in struct page in addition to make page
1755 * PROT_NONE for slow memory page. So when the page is accessed, in
1756 * hint page fault handler, the hint page fault latency is calculated
1759 * hint page fault latency = hint page fault time - scan time
1761 * The smaller the hint page fault latency, the higher the possibility
1762 * for the page to be hot.
1764 static int numa_hint_fault_latency(struct folio *folio)
1766 int last_time, time;
1768 time = jiffies_to_msecs(jiffies);
1769 last_time = folio_xchg_access_time(folio, time);
1771 return (time - last_time) & PAGE_ACCESS_TIME_MASK;
1775 * For memory tiering mode, too high promotion/demotion throughput may
1776 * hurt application latency. So we provide a mechanism to rate limit
1777 * the number of pages that are tried to be promoted.
1779 static bool numa_promotion_rate_limit(struct pglist_data *pgdat,
1780 unsigned long rate_limit, int nr)
1782 unsigned long nr_cand;
1783 unsigned int now, start;
1785 now = jiffies_to_msecs(jiffies);
1786 mod_node_page_state(pgdat, PGPROMOTE_CANDIDATE, nr);
1787 nr_cand = node_page_state(pgdat, PGPROMOTE_CANDIDATE);
1788 start = pgdat->nbp_rl_start;
1789 if (now - start > MSEC_PER_SEC &&
1790 cmpxchg(&pgdat->nbp_rl_start, start, now) == start)
1791 pgdat->nbp_rl_nr_cand = nr_cand;
1792 if (nr_cand - pgdat->nbp_rl_nr_cand >= rate_limit)
1797 #define NUMA_MIGRATION_ADJUST_STEPS 16
1799 static void numa_promotion_adjust_threshold(struct pglist_data *pgdat,
1800 unsigned long rate_limit,
1801 unsigned int ref_th)
1803 unsigned int now, start, th_period, unit_th, th;
1804 unsigned long nr_cand, ref_cand, diff_cand;
1806 now = jiffies_to_msecs(jiffies);
1807 th_period = sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_period_max;
1808 start = pgdat->nbp_th_start;
1809 if (now - start > th_period &&
1810 cmpxchg(&pgdat->nbp_th_start, start, now) == start) {
1811 ref_cand = rate_limit *
1812 sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_period_max / MSEC_PER_SEC;
1813 nr_cand = node_page_state(pgdat, PGPROMOTE_CANDIDATE);
1814 diff_cand = nr_cand - pgdat->nbp_th_nr_cand;
1815 unit_th = ref_th * 2 / NUMA_MIGRATION_ADJUST_STEPS;
1816 th = pgdat->nbp_threshold ? : ref_th;
1817 if (diff_cand > ref_cand * 11 / 10)
1818 th = max(th - unit_th, unit_th);
1819 else if (diff_cand < ref_cand * 9 / 10)
1820 th = min(th + unit_th, ref_th * 2);
1821 pgdat->nbp_th_nr_cand = nr_cand;
1822 pgdat->nbp_threshold = th;
1826 bool should_numa_migrate_memory(struct task_struct *p, struct folio *folio,
1827 int src_nid, int dst_cpu)
1829 struct numa_group *ng = deref_curr_numa_group(p);
1830 int dst_nid = cpu_to_node(dst_cpu);
1831 int last_cpupid, this_cpupid;
1834 * Cannot migrate to memoryless nodes.
1836 if (!node_state(dst_nid, N_MEMORY))
1840 * The pages in slow memory node should be migrated according
1841 * to hot/cold instead of private/shared.
1843 if (sysctl_numa_balancing_mode & NUMA_BALANCING_MEMORY_TIERING &&
1844 !node_is_toptier(src_nid)) {
1845 struct pglist_data *pgdat;
1846 unsigned long rate_limit;
1847 unsigned int latency, th, def_th;
1849 pgdat = NODE_DATA(dst_nid);
1850 if (pgdat_free_space_enough(pgdat)) {
1851 /* workload changed, reset hot threshold */
1852 pgdat->nbp_threshold = 0;
1856 def_th = sysctl_numa_balancing_hot_threshold;
1857 rate_limit = sysctl_numa_balancing_promote_rate_limit << \
1859 numa_promotion_adjust_threshold(pgdat, rate_limit, def_th);
1861 th = pgdat->nbp_threshold ? : def_th;
1862 latency = numa_hint_fault_latency(folio);
1866 return !numa_promotion_rate_limit(pgdat, rate_limit,
1867 folio_nr_pages(folio));
1870 this_cpupid = cpu_pid_to_cpupid(dst_cpu, current->pid);
1871 last_cpupid = folio_xchg_last_cpupid(folio, this_cpupid);
1873 if (!(sysctl_numa_balancing_mode & NUMA_BALANCING_MEMORY_TIERING) &&
1874 !node_is_toptier(src_nid) && !cpupid_valid(last_cpupid))
1878 * Allow first faults or private faults to migrate immediately early in
1879 * the lifetime of a task. The magic number 4 is based on waiting for
1880 * two full passes of the "multi-stage node selection" test that is
1883 if ((p->numa_preferred_nid == NUMA_NO_NODE || p->numa_scan_seq <= 4) &&
1884 (cpupid_pid_unset(last_cpupid) || cpupid_match_pid(p, last_cpupid)))
1888 * Multi-stage node selection is used in conjunction with a periodic
1889 * migration fault to build a temporal task<->page relation. By using
1890 * a two-stage filter we remove short/unlikely relations.
1892 * Using P(p) ~ n_p / n_t as per frequentist probability, we can equate
1893 * a task's usage of a particular page (n_p) per total usage of this
1894 * page (n_t) (in a given time-span) to a probability.
1896 * Our periodic faults will sample this probability and getting the
1897 * same result twice in a row, given these samples are fully
1898 * independent, is then given by P(n)^2, provided our sample period
1899 * is sufficiently short compared to the usage pattern.
1901 * This quadric squishes small probabilities, making it less likely we
1902 * act on an unlikely task<->page relation.
1904 if (!cpupid_pid_unset(last_cpupid) &&
1905 cpupid_to_nid(last_cpupid) != dst_nid)
1908 /* Always allow migrate on private faults */
1909 if (cpupid_match_pid(p, last_cpupid))
1912 /* A shared fault, but p->numa_group has not been set up yet. */
1917 * Destination node is much more heavily used than the source
1918 * node? Allow migration.
1920 if (group_faults_cpu(ng, dst_nid) > group_faults_cpu(ng, src_nid) *
1921 ACTIVE_NODE_FRACTION)
1925 * Distribute memory according to CPU & memory use on each node,
1926 * with 3/4 hysteresis to avoid unnecessary memory migrations:
1928 * faults_cpu(dst) 3 faults_cpu(src)
1929 * --------------- * - > ---------------
1930 * faults_mem(dst) 4 faults_mem(src)
1932 return group_faults_cpu(ng, dst_nid) * group_faults(p, src_nid) * 3 >
1933 group_faults_cpu(ng, src_nid) * group_faults(p, dst_nid) * 4;
1937 * 'numa_type' describes the node at the moment of load balancing.
1940 /* The node has spare capacity that can be used to run more tasks. */
1943 * The node is fully used and the tasks don't compete for more CPU
1944 * cycles. Nevertheless, some tasks might wait before running.
1948 * The node is overloaded and can't provide expected CPU cycles to all
1954 /* Cached statistics for all CPUs within a node */
1957 unsigned long runnable;
1959 /* Total compute capacity of CPUs on a node */
1960 unsigned long compute_capacity;
1961 unsigned int nr_running;
1962 unsigned int weight;
1963 enum numa_type node_type;
1967 struct task_numa_env {
1968 struct task_struct *p;
1970 int src_cpu, src_nid;
1971 int dst_cpu, dst_nid;
1974 struct numa_stats src_stats, dst_stats;
1979 struct task_struct *best_task;
1984 static unsigned long cpu_load(struct rq *rq);
1985 static unsigned long cpu_runnable(struct rq *rq);
1988 numa_type numa_classify(unsigned int imbalance_pct,
1989 struct numa_stats *ns)
1991 if ((ns->nr_running > ns->weight) &&
1992 (((ns->compute_capacity * 100) < (ns->util * imbalance_pct)) ||
1993 ((ns->compute_capacity * imbalance_pct) < (ns->runnable * 100))))
1994 return node_overloaded;
1996 if ((ns->nr_running < ns->weight) ||
1997 (((ns->compute_capacity * 100) > (ns->util * imbalance_pct)) &&
1998 ((ns->compute_capacity * imbalance_pct) > (ns->runnable * 100))))
1999 return node_has_spare;
2001 return node_fully_busy;
2004 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
2005 /* Forward declarations of select_idle_sibling helpers */
2006 static inline bool test_idle_cores(int cpu);
2007 static inline int numa_idle_core(int idle_core, int cpu)
2009 if (!static_branch_likely(&sched_smt_present) ||
2010 idle_core >= 0 || !test_idle_cores(cpu))
2014 * Prefer cores instead of packing HT siblings
2015 * and triggering future load balancing.
2017 if (is_core_idle(cpu))
2023 static inline int numa_idle_core(int idle_core, int cpu)
2030 * Gather all necessary information to make NUMA balancing placement
2031 * decisions that are compatible with standard load balancer. This
2032 * borrows code and logic from update_sg_lb_stats but sharing a
2033 * common implementation is impractical.
2035 static void update_numa_stats(struct task_numa_env *env,
2036 struct numa_stats *ns, int nid,
2039 int cpu, idle_core = -1;
2041 memset(ns, 0, sizeof(*ns));
2045 for_each_cpu(cpu, cpumask_of_node(nid)) {
2046 struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
2048 ns->load += cpu_load(rq);
2049 ns->runnable += cpu_runnable(rq);
2050 ns->util += cpu_util_cfs(cpu);
2051 ns->nr_running += rq->cfs.h_nr_running;
2052 ns->compute_capacity += capacity_of(cpu);
2054 if (find_idle && idle_core < 0 && !rq->nr_running && idle_cpu(cpu)) {
2055 if (READ_ONCE(rq->numa_migrate_on) ||
2056 !cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, env->p->cpus_ptr))
2059 if (ns->idle_cpu == -1)
2062 idle_core = numa_idle_core(idle_core, cpu);
2067 ns->weight = cpumask_weight(cpumask_of_node(nid));
2069 ns->node_type = numa_classify(env->imbalance_pct, ns);
2072 ns->idle_cpu = idle_core;
2075 static void task_numa_assign(struct task_numa_env *env,
2076 struct task_struct *p, long imp)
2078 struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(env->dst_cpu);
2080 /* Check if run-queue part of active NUMA balance. */
2081 if (env->best_cpu != env->dst_cpu && xchg(&rq->numa_migrate_on, 1)) {
2083 int start = env->dst_cpu;
2085 /* Find alternative idle CPU. */
2086 for_each_cpu_wrap(cpu, cpumask_of_node(env->dst_nid), start + 1) {
2087 if (cpu == env->best_cpu || !idle_cpu(cpu) ||
2088 !cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, env->p->cpus_ptr)) {
2093 rq = cpu_rq(env->dst_cpu);
2094 if (!xchg(&rq->numa_migrate_on, 1))
2098 /* Failed to find an alternative idle CPU */
2104 * Clear previous best_cpu/rq numa-migrate flag, since task now
2105 * found a better CPU to move/swap.
2107 if (env->best_cpu != -1 && env->best_cpu != env->dst_cpu) {
2108 rq = cpu_rq(env->best_cpu);
2109 WRITE_ONCE(rq->numa_migrate_on, 0);
2113 put_task_struct(env->best_task);
2118 env->best_imp = imp;
2119 env->best_cpu = env->dst_cpu;
2122 static bool load_too_imbalanced(long src_load, long dst_load,
2123 struct task_numa_env *env)
2126 long orig_src_load, orig_dst_load;
2127 long src_capacity, dst_capacity;
2130 * The load is corrected for the CPU capacity available on each node.
2133 * ------------ vs ---------
2134 * src_capacity dst_capacity
2136 src_capacity = env->src_stats.compute_capacity;
2137 dst_capacity = env->dst_stats.compute_capacity;
2139 imb = abs(dst_load * src_capacity - src_load * dst_capacity);
2141 orig_src_load = env->src_stats.load;
2142 orig_dst_load = env->dst_stats.load;
2144 old_imb = abs(orig_dst_load * src_capacity - orig_src_load * dst_capacity);
2146 /* Would this change make things worse? */
2147 return (imb > old_imb);
2151 * Maximum NUMA importance can be 1998 (2*999);
2152 * SMALLIMP @ 30 would be close to 1998/64.
2153 * Used to deter task migration.
2158 * This checks if the overall compute and NUMA accesses of the system would
2159 * be improved if the source tasks was migrated to the target dst_cpu taking
2160 * into account that it might be best if task running on the dst_cpu should
2161 * be exchanged with the source task
2163 static bool task_numa_compare(struct task_numa_env *env,
2164 long taskimp, long groupimp, bool maymove)
2166 struct numa_group *cur_ng, *p_ng = deref_curr_numa_group(env->p);
2167 struct rq *dst_rq = cpu_rq(env->dst_cpu);
2168 long imp = p_ng ? groupimp : taskimp;
2169 struct task_struct *cur;
2170 long src_load, dst_load;
2171 int dist = env->dist;
2174 bool stopsearch = false;
2176 if (READ_ONCE(dst_rq->numa_migrate_on))
2180 cur = rcu_dereference(dst_rq->curr);
2181 if (cur && ((cur->flags & PF_EXITING) || is_idle_task(cur)))
2185 * Because we have preemption enabled we can get migrated around and
2186 * end try selecting ourselves (current == env->p) as a swap candidate.
2188 if (cur == env->p) {
2194 if (maymove && moveimp >= env->best_imp)
2200 /* Skip this swap candidate if cannot move to the source cpu. */
2201 if (!cpumask_test_cpu(env->src_cpu, cur->cpus_ptr))
2205 * Skip this swap candidate if it is not moving to its preferred
2206 * node and the best task is.
2208 if (env->best_task &&
2209 env->best_task->numa_preferred_nid == env->src_nid &&
2210 cur->numa_preferred_nid != env->src_nid) {
2215 * "imp" is the fault differential for the source task between the
2216 * source and destination node. Calculate the total differential for
2217 * the source task and potential destination task. The more negative
2218 * the value is, the more remote accesses that would be expected to
2219 * be incurred if the tasks were swapped.
2221 * If dst and source tasks are in the same NUMA group, or not
2222 * in any group then look only at task weights.
2224 cur_ng = rcu_dereference(cur->numa_group);
2225 if (cur_ng == p_ng) {
2227 * Do not swap within a group or between tasks that have
2228 * no group if there is spare capacity. Swapping does
2229 * not address the load imbalance and helps one task at
2230 * the cost of punishing another.
2232 if (env->dst_stats.node_type == node_has_spare)
2235 imp = taskimp + task_weight(cur, env->src_nid, dist) -
2236 task_weight(cur, env->dst_nid, dist);
2238 * Add some hysteresis to prevent swapping the
2239 * tasks within a group over tiny differences.
2245 * Compare the group weights. If a task is all by itself
2246 * (not part of a group), use the task weight instead.
2249 imp += group_weight(cur, env->src_nid, dist) -
2250 group_weight(cur, env->dst_nid, dist);
2252 imp += task_weight(cur, env->src_nid, dist) -
2253 task_weight(cur, env->dst_nid, dist);
2256 /* Discourage picking a task already on its preferred node */
2257 if (cur->numa_preferred_nid == env->dst_nid)
2261 * Encourage picking a task that moves to its preferred node.
2262 * This potentially makes imp larger than it's maximum of
2263 * 1998 (see SMALLIMP and task_weight for why) but in this
2264 * case, it does not matter.
2266 if (cur->numa_preferred_nid == env->src_nid)
2269 if (maymove && moveimp > imp && moveimp > env->best_imp) {
2276 * Prefer swapping with a task moving to its preferred node over a
2279 if (env->best_task && cur->numa_preferred_nid == env->src_nid &&
2280 env->best_task->numa_preferred_nid != env->src_nid) {
2285 * If the NUMA importance is less than SMALLIMP,
2286 * task migration might only result in ping pong
2287 * of tasks and also hurt performance due to cache
2290 if (imp < SMALLIMP || imp <= env->best_imp + SMALLIMP / 2)
2294 * In the overloaded case, try and keep the load balanced.
2296 load = task_h_load(env->p) - task_h_load(cur);
2300 dst_load = env->dst_stats.load + load;
2301 src_load = env->src_stats.load - load;
2303 if (load_too_imbalanced(src_load, dst_load, env))
2307 /* Evaluate an idle CPU for a task numa move. */
2309 int cpu = env->dst_stats.idle_cpu;
2311 /* Nothing cached so current CPU went idle since the search. */
2316 * If the CPU is no longer truly idle and the previous best CPU
2317 * is, keep using it.
2319 if (!idle_cpu(cpu) && env->best_cpu >= 0 &&
2320 idle_cpu(env->best_cpu)) {
2321 cpu = env->best_cpu;
2327 task_numa_assign(env, cur, imp);
2330 * If a move to idle is allowed because there is capacity or load
2331 * balance improves then stop the search. While a better swap
2332 * candidate may exist, a search is not free.
2334 if (maymove && !cur && env->best_cpu >= 0 && idle_cpu(env->best_cpu))
2338 * If a swap candidate must be identified and the current best task
2339 * moves its preferred node then stop the search.
2341 if (!maymove && env->best_task &&
2342 env->best_task->numa_preferred_nid == env->src_nid) {
2351 static void task_numa_find_cpu(struct task_numa_env *env,
2352 long taskimp, long groupimp)
2354 bool maymove = false;
2358 * If dst node has spare capacity, then check if there is an
2359 * imbalance that would be overruled by the load balancer.
2361 if (env->dst_stats.node_type == node_has_spare) {
2362 unsigned int imbalance;
2363 int src_running, dst_running;
2366 * Would movement cause an imbalance? Note that if src has
2367 * more running tasks that the imbalance is ignored as the
2368 * move improves the imbalance from the perspective of the
2369 * CPU load balancer.
2371 src_running = env->src_stats.nr_running - 1;
2372 dst_running = env->dst_stats.nr_running + 1;
2373 imbalance = max(0, dst_running - src_running);
2374 imbalance = adjust_numa_imbalance(imbalance, dst_running,
2377 /* Use idle CPU if there is no imbalance */
2380 if (env->dst_stats.idle_cpu >= 0) {
2381 env->dst_cpu = env->dst_stats.idle_cpu;
2382 task_numa_assign(env, NULL, 0);
2387 long src_load, dst_load, load;
2389 * If the improvement from just moving env->p direction is better
2390 * than swapping tasks around, check if a move is possible.
2392 load = task_h_load(env->p);
2393 dst_load = env->dst_stats.load + load;
2394 src_load = env->src_stats.load - load;
2395 maymove = !load_too_imbalanced(src_load, dst_load, env);
2398 for_each_cpu(cpu, cpumask_of_node(env->dst_nid)) {
2399 /* Skip this CPU if the source task cannot migrate */
2400 if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, env->p->cpus_ptr))
2404 if (task_numa_compare(env, taskimp, groupimp, maymove))
2409 static int task_numa_migrate(struct task_struct *p)
2411 struct task_numa_env env = {
2414 .src_cpu = task_cpu(p),
2415 .src_nid = task_node(p),
2417 .imbalance_pct = 112,
2423 unsigned long taskweight, groupweight;
2424 struct sched_domain *sd;
2425 long taskimp, groupimp;
2426 struct numa_group *ng;
2431 * Pick the lowest SD_NUMA domain, as that would have the smallest
2432 * imbalance and would be the first to start moving tasks about.
2434 * And we want to avoid any moving of tasks about, as that would create
2435 * random movement of tasks -- counter the numa conditions we're trying
2439 sd = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_numa, env.src_cpu));
2441 env.imbalance_pct = 100 + (sd->imbalance_pct - 100) / 2;
2442 env.imb_numa_nr = sd->imb_numa_nr;
2447 * Cpusets can break the scheduler domain tree into smaller
2448 * balance domains, some of which do not cross NUMA boundaries.
2449 * Tasks that are "trapped" in such domains cannot be migrated
2450 * elsewhere, so there is no point in (re)trying.
2452 if (unlikely(!sd)) {
2453 sched_setnuma(p, task_node(p));
2457 env.dst_nid = p->numa_preferred_nid;
2458 dist = env.dist = node_distance(env.src_nid, env.dst_nid);
2459 taskweight = task_weight(p, env.src_nid, dist);
2460 groupweight = group_weight(p, env.src_nid, dist);
2461 update_numa_stats(&env, &env.src_stats, env.src_nid, false);
2462 taskimp = task_weight(p, env.dst_nid, dist) - taskweight;
2463 groupimp = group_weight(p, env.dst_nid, dist) - groupweight;
2464 update_numa_stats(&env, &env.dst_stats, env.dst_nid, true);
2466 /* Try to find a spot on the preferred nid. */
2467 task_numa_find_cpu(&env, taskimp, groupimp);
2470 * Look at other nodes in these cases:
2471 * - there is no space available on the preferred_nid
2472 * - the task is part of a numa_group that is interleaved across
2473 * multiple NUMA nodes; in order to better consolidate the group,
2474 * we need to check other locations.
2476 ng = deref_curr_numa_group(p);
2477 if (env.best_cpu == -1 || (ng && ng->active_nodes > 1)) {
2478 for_each_node_state(nid, N_CPU) {
2479 if (nid == env.src_nid || nid == p->numa_preferred_nid)
2482 dist = node_distance(env.src_nid, env.dst_nid);
2483 if (sched_numa_topology_type == NUMA_BACKPLANE &&
2485 taskweight = task_weight(p, env.src_nid, dist);
2486 groupweight = group_weight(p, env.src_nid, dist);
2489 /* Only consider nodes where both task and groups benefit */
2490 taskimp = task_weight(p, nid, dist) - taskweight;
2491 groupimp = group_weight(p, nid, dist) - groupweight;
2492 if (taskimp < 0 && groupimp < 0)
2497 update_numa_stats(&env, &env.dst_stats, env.dst_nid, true);
2498 task_numa_find_cpu(&env, taskimp, groupimp);
2503 * If the task is part of a workload that spans multiple NUMA nodes,
2504 * and is migrating into one of the workload's active nodes, remember
2505 * this node as the task's preferred numa node, so the workload can
2507 * A task that migrated to a second choice node will be better off
2508 * trying for a better one later. Do not set the preferred node here.
2511 if (env.best_cpu == -1)
2514 nid = cpu_to_node(env.best_cpu);
2516 if (nid != p->numa_preferred_nid)
2517 sched_setnuma(p, nid);
2520 /* No better CPU than the current one was found. */
2521 if (env.best_cpu == -1) {
2522 trace_sched_stick_numa(p, env.src_cpu, NULL, -1);
2526 best_rq = cpu_rq(env.best_cpu);
2527 if (env.best_task == NULL) {
2528 ret = migrate_task_to(p, env.best_cpu);
2529 WRITE_ONCE(best_rq->numa_migrate_on, 0);
2531 trace_sched_stick_numa(p, env.src_cpu, NULL, env.best_cpu);
2535 ret = migrate_swap(p, env.best_task, env.best_cpu, env.src_cpu);
2536 WRITE_ONCE(best_rq->numa_migrate_on, 0);
2539 trace_sched_stick_numa(p, env.src_cpu, env.best_task, env.best_cpu);
2540 put_task_struct(env.best_task);
2544 /* Attempt to migrate a task to a CPU on the preferred node. */
2545 static void numa_migrate_preferred(struct task_struct *p)
2547 unsigned long interval = HZ;
2549 /* This task has no NUMA fault statistics yet */
2550 if (unlikely(p->numa_preferred_nid == NUMA_NO_NODE || !p->numa_faults))
2553 /* Periodically retry migrating the task to the preferred node */
2554 interval = min(interval, msecs_to_jiffies(p->numa_scan_period) / 16);
2555 p->numa_migrate_retry = jiffies + interval;
2557 /* Success if task is already running on preferred CPU */
2558 if (task_node(p) == p->numa_preferred_nid)
2561 /* Otherwise, try migrate to a CPU on the preferred node */
2562 task_numa_migrate(p);
2566 * Find out how many nodes the workload is actively running on. Do this by
2567 * tracking the nodes from which NUMA hinting faults are triggered. This can
2568 * be different from the set of nodes where the workload's memory is currently
2571 static void numa_group_count_active_nodes(struct numa_group *numa_group)
2573 unsigned long faults, max_faults = 0;
2574 int nid, active_nodes = 0;
2576 for_each_node_state(nid, N_CPU) {
2577 faults = group_faults_cpu(numa_group, nid);
2578 if (faults > max_faults)
2579 max_faults = faults;
2582 for_each_node_state(nid, N_CPU) {
2583 faults = group_faults_cpu(numa_group, nid);
2584 if (faults * ACTIVE_NODE_FRACTION > max_faults)
2588 numa_group->max_faults_cpu = max_faults;
2589 numa_group->active_nodes = active_nodes;
2593 * When adapting the scan rate, the period is divided into NUMA_PERIOD_SLOTS
2594 * increments. The more local the fault statistics are, the higher the scan
2595 * period will be for the next scan window. If local/(local+remote) ratio is
2596 * below NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD (where range of ratio is 1..NUMA_PERIOD_SLOTS)
2597 * the scan period will decrease. Aim for 70% local accesses.
2599 #define NUMA_PERIOD_SLOTS 10
2600 #define NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD 7
2603 * Increase the scan period (slow down scanning) if the majority of
2604 * our memory is already on our local node, or if the majority of
2605 * the page accesses are shared with other processes.
2606 * Otherwise, decrease the scan period.
2608 static void update_task_scan_period(struct task_struct *p,
2609 unsigned long shared, unsigned long private)
2611 unsigned int period_slot;
2612 int lr_ratio, ps_ratio;
2615 unsigned long remote = p->numa_faults_locality[0];
2616 unsigned long local = p->numa_faults_locality[1];
2619 * If there were no record hinting faults then either the task is
2620 * completely idle or all activity is in areas that are not of interest
2621 * to automatic numa balancing. Related to that, if there were failed
2622 * migration then it implies we are migrating too quickly or the local
2623 * node is overloaded. In either case, scan slower
2625 if (local + shared == 0 || p->numa_faults_locality[2]) {
2626 p->numa_scan_period = min(p->numa_scan_period_max,
2627 p->numa_scan_period << 1);
2629 p->mm->numa_next_scan = jiffies +
2630 msecs_to_jiffies(p->numa_scan_period);
2636 * Prepare to scale scan period relative to the current period.
2637 * == NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD scan period stays the same
2638 * < NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD scan period decreases (scan faster)
2639 * >= NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD scan period increases (scan slower)
2641 period_slot = DIV_ROUND_UP(p->numa_scan_period, NUMA_PERIOD_SLOTS);
2642 lr_ratio = (local * NUMA_PERIOD_SLOTS) / (local + remote);
2643 ps_ratio = (private * NUMA_PERIOD_SLOTS) / (private + shared);
2645 if (ps_ratio >= NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD) {
2647 * Most memory accesses are local. There is no need to
2648 * do fast NUMA scanning, since memory is already local.
2650 int slot = ps_ratio - NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD;
2653 diff = slot * period_slot;
2654 } else if (lr_ratio >= NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD) {
2656 * Most memory accesses are shared with other tasks.
2657 * There is no point in continuing fast NUMA scanning,
2658 * since other tasks may just move the memory elsewhere.
2660 int slot = lr_ratio - NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD;
2663 diff = slot * period_slot;
2666 * Private memory faults exceed (SLOTS-THRESHOLD)/SLOTS,
2667 * yet they are not on the local NUMA node. Speed up
2668 * NUMA scanning to get the memory moved over.
2670 int ratio = max(lr_ratio, ps_ratio);
2671 diff = -(NUMA_PERIOD_THRESHOLD - ratio) * period_slot;
2674 p->numa_scan_period = clamp(p->numa_scan_period + diff,
2675 task_scan_min(p), task_scan_max(p));
2676 memset(p->numa_faults_locality, 0, sizeof(p->numa_faults_locality));
2680 * Get the fraction of time the task has been running since the last
2681 * NUMA placement cycle. The scheduler keeps similar statistics, but
2682 * decays those on a 32ms period, which is orders of magnitude off
2683 * from the dozens-of-seconds NUMA balancing period. Use the scheduler
2684 * stats only if the task is so new there are no NUMA statistics yet.
2686 static u64 numa_get_avg_runtime(struct task_struct *p, u64 *period)
2688 u64 runtime, delta, now;
2689 /* Use the start of this time slice to avoid calculations. */
2690 now = p->se.exec_start;
2691 runtime = p->se.sum_exec_runtime;
2693 if (p->last_task_numa_placement) {
2694 delta = runtime - p->last_sum_exec_runtime;
2695 *period = now - p->last_task_numa_placement;
2697 /* Avoid time going backwards, prevent potential divide error: */
2698 if (unlikely((s64)*period < 0))
2701 delta = p->se.avg.load_sum;
2702 *period = LOAD_AVG_MAX;
2705 p->last_sum_exec_runtime = runtime;
2706 p->last_task_numa_placement = now;
2712 * Determine the preferred nid for a task in a numa_group. This needs to
2713 * be done in a way that produces consistent results with group_weight,
2714 * otherwise workloads might not converge.
2716 static int preferred_group_nid(struct task_struct *p, int nid)
2721 /* Direct connections between all NUMA nodes. */
2722 if (sched_numa_topology_type == NUMA_DIRECT)
2726 * On a system with glueless mesh NUMA topology, group_weight
2727 * scores nodes according to the number of NUMA hinting faults on
2728 * both the node itself, and on nearby nodes.
2730 if (sched_numa_topology_type == NUMA_GLUELESS_MESH) {
2731 unsigned long score, max_score = 0;
2732 int node, max_node = nid;
2734 dist = sched_max_numa_distance;
2736 for_each_node_state(node, N_CPU) {
2737 score = group_weight(p, node, dist);
2738 if (score > max_score) {
2747 * Finding the preferred nid in a system with NUMA backplane
2748 * interconnect topology is more involved. The goal is to locate
2749 * tasks from numa_groups near each other in the system, and
2750 * untangle workloads from different sides of the system. This requires
2751 * searching down the hierarchy of node groups, recursively searching
2752 * inside the highest scoring group of nodes. The nodemask tricks
2753 * keep the complexity of the search down.
2755 nodes = node_states[N_CPU];
2756 for (dist = sched_max_numa_distance; dist > LOCAL_DISTANCE; dist--) {
2757 unsigned long max_faults = 0;
2758 nodemask_t max_group = NODE_MASK_NONE;
2761 /* Are there nodes at this distance from each other? */
2762 if (!find_numa_distance(dist))
2765 for_each_node_mask(a, nodes) {
2766 unsigned long faults = 0;
2767 nodemask_t this_group;
2768 nodes_clear(this_group);
2770 /* Sum group's NUMA faults; includes a==b case. */
2771 for_each_node_mask(b, nodes) {
2772 if (node_distance(a, b) < dist) {
2773 faults += group_faults(p, b);
2774 node_set(b, this_group);
2775 node_clear(b, nodes);
2779 /* Remember the top group. */
2780 if (faults > max_faults) {
2781 max_faults = faults;
2782 max_group = this_group;
2784 * subtle: at the smallest distance there is
2785 * just one node left in each "group", the
2786 * winner is the preferred nid.
2791 /* Next round, evaluate the nodes within max_group. */
2799 static void task_numa_placement(struct task_struct *p)
2801 int seq, nid, max_nid = NUMA_NO_NODE;
2802 unsigned long max_faults = 0;
2803 unsigned long fault_types[2] = { 0, 0 };
2804 unsigned long total_faults;
2805 u64 runtime, period;
2806 spinlock_t *group_lock = NULL;
2807 struct numa_group *ng;
2810 * The p->mm->numa_scan_seq field gets updated without
2811 * exclusive access. Use READ_ONCE() here to ensure
2812 * that the field is read in a single access:
2814 seq = READ_ONCE(p->mm->numa_scan_seq);
2815 if (p->numa_scan_seq == seq)
2817 p->numa_scan_seq = seq;
2818 p->numa_scan_period_max = task_scan_max(p);
2820 total_faults = p->numa_faults_locality[0] +
2821 p->numa_faults_locality[1];
2822 runtime = numa_get_avg_runtime(p, &period);
2824 /* If the task is part of a group prevent parallel updates to group stats */
2825 ng = deref_curr_numa_group(p);
2827 group_lock = &ng->lock;
2828 spin_lock_irq(group_lock);
2831 /* Find the node with the highest number of faults */
2832 for_each_online_node(nid) {
2833 /* Keep track of the offsets in numa_faults array */
2834 int mem_idx, membuf_idx, cpu_idx, cpubuf_idx;
2835 unsigned long faults = 0, group_faults = 0;
2838 for (priv = 0; priv < NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_TYPES; priv++) {
2839 long diff, f_diff, f_weight;
2841 mem_idx = task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, nid, priv);
2842 membuf_idx = task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEMBUF, nid, priv);
2843 cpu_idx = task_faults_idx(NUMA_CPU, nid, priv);
2844 cpubuf_idx = task_faults_idx(NUMA_CPUBUF, nid, priv);
2846 /* Decay existing window, copy faults since last scan */
2847 diff = p->numa_faults[membuf_idx] - p->numa_faults[mem_idx] / 2;
2848 fault_types[priv] += p->numa_faults[membuf_idx];
2849 p->numa_faults[membuf_idx] = 0;
2852 * Normalize the faults_from, so all tasks in a group
2853 * count according to CPU use, instead of by the raw
2854 * number of faults. Tasks with little runtime have
2855 * little over-all impact on throughput, and thus their
2856 * faults are less important.
2858 f_weight = div64_u64(runtime << 16, period + 1);
2859 f_weight = (f_weight * p->numa_faults[cpubuf_idx]) /
2861 f_diff = f_weight - p->numa_faults[cpu_idx] / 2;
2862 p->numa_faults[cpubuf_idx] = 0;
2864 p->numa_faults[mem_idx] += diff;
2865 p->numa_faults[cpu_idx] += f_diff;
2866 faults += p->numa_faults[mem_idx];
2867 p->total_numa_faults += diff;
2870 * safe because we can only change our own group
2872 * mem_idx represents the offset for a given
2873 * nid and priv in a specific region because it
2874 * is at the beginning of the numa_faults array.
2876 ng->faults[mem_idx] += diff;
2877 ng->faults[cpu_idx] += f_diff;
2878 ng->total_faults += diff;
2879 group_faults += ng->faults[mem_idx];
2884 if (faults > max_faults) {
2885 max_faults = faults;
2888 } else if (group_faults > max_faults) {
2889 max_faults = group_faults;
2894 /* Cannot migrate task to CPU-less node */
2895 max_nid = numa_nearest_node(max_nid, N_CPU);
2898 numa_group_count_active_nodes(ng);
2899 spin_unlock_irq(group_lock);
2900 max_nid = preferred_group_nid(p, max_nid);
2904 /* Set the new preferred node */
2905 if (max_nid != p->numa_preferred_nid)
2906 sched_setnuma(p, max_nid);
2909 update_task_scan_period(p, fault_types[0], fault_types[1]);
2912 static inline int get_numa_group(struct numa_group *grp)
2914 return refcount_inc_not_zero(&grp->refcount);
2917 static inline void put_numa_group(struct numa_group *grp)
2919 if (refcount_dec_and_test(&grp->refcount))
2920 kfree_rcu(grp, rcu);
2923 static void task_numa_group(struct task_struct *p, int cpupid, int flags,
2926 struct numa_group *grp, *my_grp;
2927 struct task_struct *tsk;
2929 int cpu = cpupid_to_cpu(cpupid);
2932 if (unlikely(!deref_curr_numa_group(p))) {
2933 unsigned int size = sizeof(struct numa_group) +
2934 NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_STATS *
2935 nr_node_ids * sizeof(unsigned long);
2937 grp = kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN);
2941 refcount_set(&grp->refcount, 1);
2942 grp->active_nodes = 1;
2943 grp->max_faults_cpu = 0;
2944 spin_lock_init(&grp->lock);
2947 for (i = 0; i < NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_STATS * nr_node_ids; i++)
2948 grp->faults[i] = p->numa_faults[i];
2950 grp->total_faults = p->total_numa_faults;
2953 rcu_assign_pointer(p->numa_group, grp);
2957 tsk = READ_ONCE(cpu_rq(cpu)->curr);
2959 if (!cpupid_match_pid(tsk, cpupid))
2962 grp = rcu_dereference(tsk->numa_group);
2966 my_grp = deref_curr_numa_group(p);
2971 * Only join the other group if its bigger; if we're the bigger group,
2972 * the other task will join us.
2974 if (my_grp->nr_tasks > grp->nr_tasks)
2978 * Tie-break on the grp address.
2980 if (my_grp->nr_tasks == grp->nr_tasks && my_grp > grp)
2983 /* Always join threads in the same process. */
2984 if (tsk->mm == current->mm)
2987 /* Simple filter to avoid false positives due to PID collisions */
2988 if (flags & TNF_SHARED)
2991 /* Update priv based on whether false sharing was detected */
2994 if (join && !get_numa_group(grp))
3002 WARN_ON_ONCE(irqs_disabled());
3003 double_lock_irq(&my_grp->lock, &grp->lock);
3005 for (i = 0; i < NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_STATS * nr_node_ids; i++) {
3006 my_grp->faults[i] -= p->numa_faults[i];
3007 grp->faults[i] += p->numa_faults[i];
3009 my_grp->total_faults -= p->total_numa_faults;
3010 grp->total_faults += p->total_numa_faults;
3015 spin_unlock(&my_grp->lock);
3016 spin_unlock_irq(&grp->lock);
3018 rcu_assign_pointer(p->numa_group, grp);
3020 put_numa_group(my_grp);
3029 * Get rid of NUMA statistics associated with a task (either current or dead).
3030 * If @final is set, the task is dead and has reached refcount zero, so we can
3031 * safely free all relevant data structures. Otherwise, there might be
3032 * concurrent reads from places like load balancing and procfs, and we should
3033 * reset the data back to default state without freeing ->numa_faults.
3035 void task_numa_free(struct task_struct *p, bool final)
3037 /* safe: p either is current or is being freed by current */
3038 struct numa_group *grp = rcu_dereference_raw(p->numa_group);
3039 unsigned long *numa_faults = p->numa_faults;
3040 unsigned long flags;
3047 spin_lock_irqsave(&grp->lock, flags);
3048 for (i = 0; i < NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_STATS * nr_node_ids; i++)
3049 grp->faults[i] -= p->numa_faults[i];
3050 grp->total_faults -= p->total_numa_faults;
3053 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&grp->lock, flags);
3054 RCU_INIT_POINTER(p->numa_group, NULL);
3055 put_numa_group(grp);
3059 p->numa_faults = NULL;
3062 p->total_numa_faults = 0;
3063 for (i = 0; i < NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_STATS * nr_node_ids; i++)
3069 * Got a PROT_NONE fault for a page on @node.
3071 void task_numa_fault(int last_cpupid, int mem_node, int pages, int flags)
3073 struct task_struct *p = current;
3074 bool migrated = flags & TNF_MIGRATED;
3075 int cpu_node = task_node(current);
3076 int local = !!(flags & TNF_FAULT_LOCAL);
3077 struct numa_group *ng;
3080 if (!static_branch_likely(&sched_numa_balancing))
3083 /* for example, ksmd faulting in a user's mm */
3088 * NUMA faults statistics are unnecessary for the slow memory
3089 * node for memory tiering mode.
3091 if (!node_is_toptier(mem_node) &&
3092 (sysctl_numa_balancing_mode & NUMA_BALANCING_MEMORY_TIERING ||
3093 !cpupid_valid(last_cpupid)))
3096 /* Allocate buffer to track faults on a per-node basis */
3097 if (unlikely(!p->numa_faults)) {
3098 int size = sizeof(*p->numa_faults) *
3099 NR_NUMA_HINT_FAULT_BUCKETS * nr_node_ids;
3101 p->numa_faults = kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_NOWARN);
3102 if (!p->numa_faults)
3105 p->total_numa_faults = 0;
3106 memset(p->numa_faults_locality, 0, sizeof(p->numa_faults_locality));
3110 * First accesses are treated as private, otherwise consider accesses
3111 * to be private if the accessing pid has not changed
3113 if (unlikely(last_cpupid == (-1 & LAST_CPUPID_MASK))) {
3116 priv = cpupid_match_pid(p, last_cpupid);
3117 if (!priv && !(flags & TNF_NO_GROUP))
3118 task_numa_group(p, last_cpupid, flags, &priv);
3122 * If a workload spans multiple NUMA nodes, a shared fault that
3123 * occurs wholly within the set of nodes that the workload is
3124 * actively using should be counted as local. This allows the
3125 * scan rate to slow down when a workload has settled down.
3127 ng = deref_curr_numa_group(p);
3128 if (!priv && !local && ng && ng->active_nodes > 1 &&
3129 numa_is_active_node(cpu_node, ng) &&
3130 numa_is_active_node(mem_node, ng))
3134 * Retry to migrate task to preferred node periodically, in case it
3135 * previously failed, or the scheduler moved us.
3137 if (time_after(jiffies, p->numa_migrate_retry)) {
3138 task_numa_placement(p);
3139 numa_migrate_preferred(p);
3143 p->numa_pages_migrated += pages;
3144 if (flags & TNF_MIGRATE_FAIL)
3145 p->numa_faults_locality[2] += pages;
3147 p->numa_faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEMBUF, mem_node, priv)] += pages;
3148 p->numa_faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_CPUBUF, cpu_node, priv)] += pages;
3149 p->numa_faults_locality[local] += pages;
3152 static void reset_ptenuma_scan(struct task_struct *p)
3155 * We only did a read acquisition of the mmap sem, so
3156 * p->mm->numa_scan_seq is written to without exclusive access
3157 * and the update is not guaranteed to be atomic. That's not
3158 * much of an issue though, since this is just used for
3159 * statistical sampling. Use READ_ONCE/WRITE_ONCE, which are not
3160 * expensive, to avoid any form of compiler optimizations:
3162 WRITE_ONCE(p->mm->numa_scan_seq, READ_ONCE(p->mm->numa_scan_seq) + 1);
3163 p->mm->numa_scan_offset = 0;
3166 static bool vma_is_accessed(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
3170 * Allow unconditional access first two times, so that all the (pages)
3171 * of VMAs get prot_none fault introduced irrespective of accesses.
3172 * This is also done to avoid any side effect of task scanning
3173 * amplifying the unfairness of disjoint set of VMAs' access.
3175 if ((READ_ONCE(current->mm->numa_scan_seq) - vma->numab_state->start_scan_seq) < 2)
3178 pids = vma->numab_state->pids_active[0] | vma->numab_state->pids_active[1];
3179 if (test_bit(hash_32(current->pid, ilog2(BITS_PER_LONG)), &pids))
3183 * Complete a scan that has already started regardless of PID access, or
3184 * some VMAs may never be scanned in multi-threaded applications:
3186 if (mm->numa_scan_offset > vma->vm_start) {
3187 trace_sched_skip_vma_numa(mm, vma, NUMAB_SKIP_IGNORE_PID);
3194 #define VMA_PID_RESET_PERIOD (4 * sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_delay)
3197 * The expensive part of numa migration is done from task_work context.
3198 * Triggered from task_tick_numa().
3200 static void task_numa_work(struct callback_head *work)
3202 unsigned long migrate, next_scan, now = jiffies;
3203 struct task_struct *p = current;
3204 struct mm_struct *mm = p->mm;
3205 u64 runtime = p->se.sum_exec_runtime;
3206 struct vm_area_struct *vma;
3207 unsigned long start, end;
3208 unsigned long nr_pte_updates = 0;
3209 long pages, virtpages;
3210 struct vma_iterator vmi;
3211 bool vma_pids_skipped;
3212 bool vma_pids_forced = false;
3214 SCHED_WARN_ON(p != container_of(work, struct task_struct, numa_work));
3218 * Who cares about NUMA placement when they're dying.
3220 * NOTE: make sure not to dereference p->mm before this check,
3221 * exit_task_work() happens _after_ exit_mm() so we could be called
3222 * without p->mm even though we still had it when we enqueued this
3225 if (p->flags & PF_EXITING)
3228 if (!mm->numa_next_scan) {
3229 mm->numa_next_scan = now +
3230 msecs_to_jiffies(sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_delay);
3234 * Enforce maximal scan/migration frequency..
3236 migrate = mm->numa_next_scan;
3237 if (time_before(now, migrate))
3240 if (p->numa_scan_period == 0) {
3241 p->numa_scan_period_max = task_scan_max(p);
3242 p->numa_scan_period = task_scan_start(p);
3245 next_scan = now + msecs_to_jiffies(p->numa_scan_period);
3246 if (!try_cmpxchg(&mm->numa_next_scan, &migrate, next_scan))
3250 * Delay this task enough that another task of this mm will likely win
3251 * the next time around.
3253 p->node_stamp += 2 * TICK_NSEC;
3255 pages = sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_size;
3256 pages <<= 20 - PAGE_SHIFT; /* MB in pages */
3257 virtpages = pages * 8; /* Scan up to this much virtual space */
3262 if (!mmap_read_trylock(mm))
3266 * VMAs are skipped if the current PID has not trapped a fault within
3267 * the VMA recently. Allow scanning to be forced if there is no
3268 * suitable VMA remaining.
3270 vma_pids_skipped = false;
3273 start = mm->numa_scan_offset;
3274 vma_iter_init(&vmi, mm, start);
3275 vma = vma_next(&vmi);
3277 reset_ptenuma_scan(p);
3279 vma_iter_set(&vmi, start);
3280 vma = vma_next(&vmi);
3284 if (!vma_migratable(vma) || !vma_policy_mof(vma) ||
3285 is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma) || (vma->vm_flags & VM_MIXEDMAP)) {
3286 trace_sched_skip_vma_numa(mm, vma, NUMAB_SKIP_UNSUITABLE);
3291 * Shared library pages mapped by multiple processes are not
3292 * migrated as it is expected they are cache replicated. Avoid
3293 * hinting faults in read-only file-backed mappings or the vDSO
3294 * as migrating the pages will be of marginal benefit.
3297 (vma->vm_file && (vma->vm_flags & (VM_READ|VM_WRITE)) == (VM_READ))) {
3298 trace_sched_skip_vma_numa(mm, vma, NUMAB_SKIP_SHARED_RO);
3303 * Skip inaccessible VMAs to avoid any confusion between
3304 * PROT_NONE and NUMA hinting PTEs
3306 if (!vma_is_accessible(vma)) {
3307 trace_sched_skip_vma_numa(mm, vma, NUMAB_SKIP_INACCESSIBLE);
3311 /* Initialise new per-VMA NUMAB state. */
3312 if (!vma->numab_state) {
3313 vma->numab_state = kzalloc(sizeof(struct vma_numab_state),
3315 if (!vma->numab_state)
3318 vma->numab_state->start_scan_seq = mm->numa_scan_seq;
3320 vma->numab_state->next_scan = now +
3321 msecs_to_jiffies(sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_delay);
3323 /* Reset happens after 4 times scan delay of scan start */
3324 vma->numab_state->pids_active_reset = vma->numab_state->next_scan +
3325 msecs_to_jiffies(VMA_PID_RESET_PERIOD);
3328 * Ensure prev_scan_seq does not match numa_scan_seq,
3329 * to prevent VMAs being skipped prematurely on the
3332 vma->numab_state->prev_scan_seq = mm->numa_scan_seq - 1;
3336 * Scanning the VMAs of short lived tasks add more overhead. So
3337 * delay the scan for new VMAs.
3339 if (mm->numa_scan_seq && time_before(jiffies,
3340 vma->numab_state->next_scan)) {
3341 trace_sched_skip_vma_numa(mm, vma, NUMAB_SKIP_SCAN_DELAY);
3345 /* RESET access PIDs regularly for old VMAs. */
3346 if (mm->numa_scan_seq &&
3347 time_after(jiffies, vma->numab_state->pids_active_reset)) {
3348 vma->numab_state->pids_active_reset = vma->numab_state->pids_active_reset +
3349 msecs_to_jiffies(VMA_PID_RESET_PERIOD);
3350 vma->numab_state->pids_active[0] = READ_ONCE(vma->numab_state->pids_active[1]);
3351 vma->numab_state->pids_active[1] = 0;
3354 /* Do not rescan VMAs twice within the same sequence. */
3355 if (vma->numab_state->prev_scan_seq == mm->numa_scan_seq) {
3356 mm->numa_scan_offset = vma->vm_end;
3357 trace_sched_skip_vma_numa(mm, vma, NUMAB_SKIP_SEQ_COMPLETED);
3362 * Do not scan the VMA if task has not accessed it, unless no other
3363 * VMA candidate exists.
3365 if (!vma_pids_forced && !vma_is_accessed(mm, vma)) {
3366 vma_pids_skipped = true;
3367 trace_sched_skip_vma_numa(mm, vma, NUMAB_SKIP_PID_INACTIVE);
3372 start = max(start, vma->vm_start);
3373 end = ALIGN(start + (pages << PAGE_SHIFT), HPAGE_SIZE);
3374 end = min(end, vma->vm_end);
3375 nr_pte_updates = change_prot_numa(vma, start, end);
3378 * Try to scan sysctl_numa_balancing_size worth of
3379 * hpages that have at least one present PTE that
3380 * is not already PTE-numa. If the VMA contains
3381 * areas that are unused or already full of prot_numa
3382 * PTEs, scan up to virtpages, to skip through those
3386 pages -= (end - start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
3387 virtpages -= (end - start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
3390 if (pages <= 0 || virtpages <= 0)
3394 } while (end != vma->vm_end);
3396 /* VMA scan is complete, do not scan until next sequence. */
3397 vma->numab_state->prev_scan_seq = mm->numa_scan_seq;
3400 * Only force scan within one VMA at a time, to limit the
3401 * cost of scanning a potentially uninteresting VMA.
3403 if (vma_pids_forced)
3405 } for_each_vma(vmi, vma);
3408 * If no VMAs are remaining and VMAs were skipped due to the PID
3409 * not accessing the VMA previously, then force a scan to ensure
3412 if (!vma && !vma_pids_forced && vma_pids_skipped) {
3413 vma_pids_forced = true;
3419 * It is possible to reach the end of the VMA list but the last few
3420 * VMAs are not guaranteed to the vma_migratable. If they are not, we
3421 * would find the !migratable VMA on the next scan but not reset the
3422 * scanner to the start so check it now.
3425 mm->numa_scan_offset = start;
3427 reset_ptenuma_scan(p);
3428 mmap_read_unlock(mm);
3431 * Make sure tasks use at least 32x as much time to run other code
3432 * than they used here, to limit NUMA PTE scanning overhead to 3% max.
3433 * Usually update_task_scan_period slows down scanning enough; on an
3434 * overloaded system we need to limit overhead on a per task basis.
3436 if (unlikely(p->se.sum_exec_runtime != runtime)) {
3437 u64 diff = p->se.sum_exec_runtime - runtime;
3438 p->node_stamp += 32 * diff;
3442 void init_numa_balancing(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *p)
3445 struct mm_struct *mm = p->mm;
3448 mm_users = atomic_read(&mm->mm_users);
3449 if (mm_users == 1) {
3450 mm->numa_next_scan = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_delay);
3451 mm->numa_scan_seq = 0;
3455 p->numa_scan_seq = mm ? mm->numa_scan_seq : 0;
3456 p->numa_scan_period = sysctl_numa_balancing_scan_delay;
3457 p->numa_migrate_retry = 0;
3458 /* Protect against double add, see task_tick_numa and task_numa_work */
3459 p->numa_work.next = &p->numa_work;
3460 p->numa_faults = NULL;
3461 p->numa_pages_migrated = 0;
3462 p->total_numa_faults = 0;
3463 RCU_INIT_POINTER(p->numa_group, NULL);
3464 p->last_task_numa_placement = 0;
3465 p->last_sum_exec_runtime = 0;
3467 init_task_work(&p->numa_work, task_numa_work);
3469 /* New address space, reset the preferred nid */
3470 if (!(clone_flags & CLONE_VM)) {
3471 p->numa_preferred_nid = NUMA_NO_NODE;
3476 * New thread, keep existing numa_preferred_nid which should be copied
3477 * already by arch_dup_task_struct but stagger when scans start.
3482 delay = min_t(unsigned int, task_scan_max(current),
3483 current->numa_scan_period * mm_users * NSEC_PER_MSEC);
3484 delay += 2 * TICK_NSEC;
3485 p->node_stamp = delay;
3490 * Drive the periodic memory faults..
3492 static void task_tick_numa(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *curr)
3494 struct callback_head *work = &curr->numa_work;
3498 * We don't care about NUMA placement if we don't have memory.
3500 if (!curr->mm || (curr->flags & (PF_EXITING | PF_KTHREAD)) || work->next != work)
3504 * Using runtime rather than walltime has the dual advantage that
3505 * we (mostly) drive the selection from busy threads and that the
3506 * task needs to have done some actual work before we bother with
3509 now = curr->se.sum_exec_runtime;
3510 period = (u64)curr->numa_scan_period * NSEC_PER_MSEC;
3512 if (now > curr->node_stamp + period) {
3513 if (!curr->node_stamp)
3514 curr->numa_scan_period = task_scan_start(curr);
3515 curr->node_stamp += period;
3517 if (!time_before(jiffies, curr->mm->numa_next_scan))
3518 task_work_add(curr, work, TWA_RESUME);
3522 static void update_scan_period(struct task_struct *p, int new_cpu)
3524 int src_nid = cpu_to_node(task_cpu(p));
3525 int dst_nid = cpu_to_node(new_cpu);
3527 if (!static_branch_likely(&sched_numa_balancing))
3530 if (!p->mm || !p->numa_faults || (p->flags & PF_EXITING))
3533 if (src_nid == dst_nid)
3537 * Allow resets if faults have been trapped before one scan
3538 * has completed. This is most likely due to a new task that
3539 * is pulled cross-node due to wakeups or load balancing.
3541 if (p->numa_scan_seq) {
3543 * Avoid scan adjustments if moving to the preferred
3544 * node or if the task was not previously running on
3545 * the preferred node.
3547 if (dst_nid == p->numa_preferred_nid ||
3548 (p->numa_preferred_nid != NUMA_NO_NODE &&
3549 src_nid != p->numa_preferred_nid))
3553 p->numa_scan_period = task_scan_start(p);
3557 static void task_tick_numa(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *curr)
3561 static inline void account_numa_enqueue(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
3565 static inline void account_numa_dequeue(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
3569 static inline void update_scan_period(struct task_struct *p, int new_cpu)
3573 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
3576 account_entity_enqueue(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
3578 update_load_add(&cfs_rq->load, se->load.weight);
3580 if (entity_is_task(se)) {
3581 struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
3583 account_numa_enqueue(rq, task_of(se));
3584 list_add(&se->group_node, &rq->cfs_tasks);
3587 cfs_rq->nr_running++;
3589 cfs_rq->idle_nr_running++;
3593 account_entity_dequeue(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
3595 update_load_sub(&cfs_rq->load, se->load.weight);
3597 if (entity_is_task(se)) {
3598 account_numa_dequeue(rq_of(cfs_rq), task_of(se));
3599 list_del_init(&se->group_node);
3602 cfs_rq->nr_running--;
3604 cfs_rq->idle_nr_running--;
3608 * Signed add and clamp on underflow.
3610 * Explicitly do a load-store to ensure the intermediate value never hits
3611 * memory. This allows lockless observations without ever seeing the negative
3614 #define add_positive(_ptr, _val) do { \
3615 typeof(_ptr) ptr = (_ptr); \
3616 typeof(_val) val = (_val); \
3617 typeof(*ptr) res, var = READ_ONCE(*ptr); \
3621 if (val < 0 && res > var) \
3624 WRITE_ONCE(*ptr, res); \
3628 * Unsigned subtract and clamp on underflow.
3630 * Explicitly do a load-store to ensure the intermediate value never hits
3631 * memory. This allows lockless observations without ever seeing the negative
3634 #define sub_positive(_ptr, _val) do { \
3635 typeof(_ptr) ptr = (_ptr); \
3636 typeof(*ptr) val = (_val); \
3637 typeof(*ptr) res, var = READ_ONCE(*ptr); \
3641 WRITE_ONCE(*ptr, res); \
3645 * Remove and clamp on negative, from a local variable.
3647 * A variant of sub_positive(), which does not use explicit load-store
3648 * and is thus optimized for local variable updates.
3650 #define lsub_positive(_ptr, _val) do { \
3651 typeof(_ptr) ptr = (_ptr); \
3652 *ptr -= min_t(typeof(*ptr), *ptr, _val); \
3657 enqueue_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
3659 cfs_rq->avg.load_avg += se->avg.load_avg;
3660 cfs_rq->avg.load_sum += se_weight(se) * se->avg.load_sum;
3664 dequeue_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
3666 sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.load_avg, se->avg.load_avg);
3667 sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.load_sum, se_weight(se) * se->avg.load_sum);
3668 /* See update_cfs_rq_load_avg() */
3669 cfs_rq->avg.load_sum = max_t(u32, cfs_rq->avg.load_sum,
3670 cfs_rq->avg.load_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
3674 enqueue_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se) { }
3676 dequeue_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se) { }
3679 static void reweight_eevdf(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se,
3680 unsigned long weight)
3682 unsigned long old_weight = se->load.weight;
3683 u64 avruntime = avg_vruntime(cfs_rq);
3690 * COROLLARY #1: The virtual runtime of the entity needs to be
3691 * adjusted if re-weight at !0-lag point.
3693 * Proof: For contradiction assume this is not true, so we can
3694 * re-weight without changing vruntime at !0-lag point.
3696 * Weight VRuntime Avg-VRuntime
3700 * Since lag needs to be preserved through re-weight:
3702 * lag = (V - v)*w = (V'- v')*w', where v = v'
3703 * ==> V' = (V - v)*w/w' + v (1)
3705 * Let W be the total weight of the entities before reweight,
3706 * since V' is the new weighted average of entities:
3708 * V' = (WV + w'v - wv) / (W + w' - w) (2)
3710 * by using (1) & (2) we obtain:
3712 * (WV + w'v - wv) / (W + w' - w) = (V - v)*w/w' + v
3713 * ==> (WV-Wv+Wv+w'v-wv)/(W+w'-w) = (V - v)*w/w' + v
3714 * ==> (WV - Wv)/(W + w' - w) + v = (V - v)*w/w' + v
3715 * ==> (V - v)*W/(W + w' - w) = (V - v)*w/w' (3)
3717 * Since we are doing at !0-lag point which means V != v, we
3720 * ==> W / (W + w' - w) = w / w'
3721 * ==> Ww' = Ww + ww' - ww
3722 * ==> W * (w' - w) = w * (w' - w)
3723 * ==> W = w (re-weight indicates w' != w)
3725 * So the cfs_rq contains only one entity, hence vruntime of
3726 * the entity @v should always equal to the cfs_rq's weighted
3727 * average vruntime @V, which means we will always re-weight
3728 * at 0-lag point, thus breach assumption. Proof completed.
3731 * COROLLARY #2: Re-weight does NOT affect weighted average
3732 * vruntime of all the entities.
3734 * Proof: According to corollary #1, Eq. (1) should be:
3736 * (V - v)*w = (V' - v')*w'
3737 * ==> v' = V' - (V - v)*w/w' (4)
3739 * According to the weighted average formula, we have:
3741 * V' = (WV - wv + w'v') / (W - w + w')
3742 * = (WV - wv + w'(V' - (V - v)w/w')) / (W - w + w')
3743 * = (WV - wv + w'V' - Vw + wv) / (W - w + w')
3744 * = (WV + w'V' - Vw) / (W - w + w')
3746 * ==> V'*(W - w + w') = WV + w'V' - Vw
3747 * ==> V' * (W - w) = (W - w) * V (5)
3749 * If the entity is the only one in the cfs_rq, then reweight
3750 * always occurs at 0-lag point, so V won't change. Or else
3751 * there are other entities, hence W != w, then Eq. (5) turns
3752 * into V' = V. So V won't change in either case, proof done.
3755 * So according to corollary #1 & #2, the effect of re-weight
3756 * on vruntime should be:
3758 * v' = V' - (V - v) * w / w' (4)
3759 * = V - (V - v) * w / w'
3763 if (avruntime != se->vruntime) {
3764 vlag = (s64)(avruntime - se->vruntime);
3765 vlag = div_s64(vlag * old_weight, weight);
3766 se->vruntime = avruntime - vlag;
3773 * When the weight changes, the virtual time slope changes and
3774 * we should adjust the relative virtual deadline accordingly.
3776 * d' = v' + (d - v)*w/w'
3777 * = V' - (V - v)*w/w' + (d - v)*w/w'
3778 * = V - (V - v)*w/w' + (d - v)*w/w'
3779 * = V + (d - V)*w/w'
3781 vslice = (s64)(se->deadline - avruntime);
3782 vslice = div_s64(vslice * old_weight, weight);
3783 se->deadline = avruntime + vslice;
3786 static void reweight_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se,
3787 unsigned long weight)
3789 bool curr = cfs_rq->curr == se;
3792 /* commit outstanding execution time */
3794 update_curr(cfs_rq);
3796 __dequeue_entity(cfs_rq, se);
3797 update_load_sub(&cfs_rq->load, se->load.weight);
3799 dequeue_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
3803 * Because we keep se->vlag = V - v_i, while: lag_i = w_i*(V - v_i),
3804 * we need to scale se->vlag when w_i changes.
3806 se->vlag = div_s64(se->vlag * se->load.weight, weight);
3808 reweight_eevdf(cfs_rq, se, weight);
3811 update_load_set(&se->load, weight);
3815 u32 divider = get_pelt_divider(&se->avg);
3817 se->avg.load_avg = div_u64(se_weight(se) * se->avg.load_sum, divider);
3821 enqueue_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
3823 update_load_add(&cfs_rq->load, se->load.weight);
3825 __enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, se);
3828 * The entity's vruntime has been adjusted, so let's check
3829 * whether the rq-wide min_vruntime needs updated too. Since
3830 * the calculations above require stable min_vruntime rather
3831 * than up-to-date one, we do the update at the end of the
3834 update_min_vruntime(cfs_rq);
3838 void reweight_task(struct task_struct *p, int prio)
3840 struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
3841 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
3842 struct load_weight *load = &se->load;
3843 unsigned long weight = scale_load(sched_prio_to_weight[prio]);
3845 reweight_entity(cfs_rq, se, weight);
3846 load->inv_weight = sched_prio_to_wmult[prio];
3849 static inline int throttled_hierarchy(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq);
3851 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
3854 * All this does is approximate the hierarchical proportion which includes that
3855 * global sum we all love to hate.
3857 * That is, the weight of a group entity, is the proportional share of the
3858 * group weight based on the group runqueue weights. That is:
3860 * tg->weight * grq->load.weight
3861 * ge->load.weight = ----------------------------- (1)
3862 * \Sum grq->load.weight
3864 * Now, because computing that sum is prohibitively expensive to compute (been
3865 * there, done that) we approximate it with this average stuff. The average
3866 * moves slower and therefore the approximation is cheaper and more stable.
3868 * So instead of the above, we substitute:
3870 * grq->load.weight -> grq->avg.load_avg (2)
3872 * which yields the following:
3874 * tg->weight * grq->avg.load_avg
3875 * ge->load.weight = ------------------------------ (3)
3878 * Where: tg->load_avg ~= \Sum grq->avg.load_avg
3880 * That is shares_avg, and it is right (given the approximation (2)).
3882 * The problem with it is that because the average is slow -- it was designed
3883 * to be exactly that of course -- this leads to transients in boundary
3884 * conditions. In specific, the case where the group was idle and we start the
3885 * one task. It takes time for our CPU's grq->avg.load_avg to build up,
3886 * yielding bad latency etc..
3888 * Now, in that special case (1) reduces to:
3890 * tg->weight * grq->load.weight
3891 * ge->load.weight = ----------------------------- = tg->weight (4)
3894 * That is, the sum collapses because all other CPUs are idle; the UP scenario.
3896 * So what we do is modify our approximation (3) to approach (4) in the (near)
3901 * tg->weight * grq->load.weight
3902 * --------------------------------------------------- (5)
3903 * tg->load_avg - grq->avg.load_avg + grq->load.weight
3905 * But because grq->load.weight can drop to 0, resulting in a divide by zero,
3906 * we need to use grq->avg.load_avg as its lower bound, which then gives:
3909 * tg->weight * grq->load.weight
3910 * ge->load.weight = ----------------------------- (6)
3915 * tg_load_avg' = tg->load_avg - grq->avg.load_avg +
3916 * max(grq->load.weight, grq->avg.load_avg)
3918 * And that is shares_weight and is icky. In the (near) UP case it approaches
3919 * (4) while in the normal case it approaches (3). It consistently
3920 * overestimates the ge->load.weight and therefore:
3922 * \Sum ge->load.weight >= tg->weight
3926 static long calc_group_shares(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
3928 long tg_weight, tg_shares, load, shares;
3929 struct task_group *tg = cfs_rq->tg;
3931 tg_shares = READ_ONCE(tg->shares);
3933 load = max(scale_load_down(cfs_rq->load.weight), cfs_rq->avg.load_avg);
3935 tg_weight = atomic_long_read(&tg->load_avg);
3937 /* Ensure tg_weight >= load */
3938 tg_weight -= cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib;
3941 shares = (tg_shares * load);
3943 shares /= tg_weight;
3946 * MIN_SHARES has to be unscaled here to support per-CPU partitioning
3947 * of a group with small tg->shares value. It is a floor value which is
3948 * assigned as a minimum load.weight to the sched_entity representing
3949 * the group on a CPU.
3951 * E.g. on 64-bit for a group with tg->shares of scale_load(15)=15*1024
3952 * on an 8-core system with 8 tasks each runnable on one CPU shares has
3953 * to be 15*1024*1/8=1920 instead of scale_load(MIN_SHARES)=2*1024. In
3954 * case no task is runnable on a CPU MIN_SHARES=2 should be returned
3957 return clamp_t(long, shares, MIN_SHARES, tg_shares);
3959 #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
3962 * Recomputes the group entity based on the current state of its group
3965 static void update_cfs_group(struct sched_entity *se)
3967 struct cfs_rq *gcfs_rq = group_cfs_rq(se);
3973 if (throttled_hierarchy(gcfs_rq))
3977 shares = READ_ONCE(gcfs_rq->tg->shares);
3979 shares = calc_group_shares(gcfs_rq);
3981 if (unlikely(se->load.weight != shares))
3982 reweight_entity(cfs_rq_of(se), se, shares);
3985 #else /* CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED */
3986 static inline void update_cfs_group(struct sched_entity *se)
3989 #endif /* CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED */
3991 static inline void cfs_rq_util_change(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, int flags)
3993 struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
3995 if (&rq->cfs == cfs_rq) {
3997 * There are a few boundary cases this might miss but it should
3998 * get called often enough that that should (hopefully) not be
4001 * It will not get called when we go idle, because the idle
4002 * thread is a different class (!fair), nor will the utilization
4003 * number include things like RT tasks.
4005 * As is, the util number is not freq-invariant (we'd have to
4006 * implement arch_scale_freq_capacity() for that).
4008 * See cpu_util_cfs().
4010 cpufreq_update_util(rq, flags);
4015 static inline bool load_avg_is_decayed(struct sched_avg *sa)
4023 if (sa->runnable_sum)
4027 * _avg must be null when _sum are null because _avg = _sum / divider
4028 * Make sure that rounding and/or propagation of PELT values never
4031 SCHED_WARN_ON(sa->load_avg ||
4038 static inline u64 cfs_rq_last_update_time(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
4040 return u64_u32_load_copy(cfs_rq->avg.last_update_time,
4041 cfs_rq->last_update_time_copy);
4043 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
4045 * Because list_add_leaf_cfs_rq always places a child cfs_rq on the list
4046 * immediately before a parent cfs_rq, and cfs_rqs are removed from the list
4047 * bottom-up, we only have to test whether the cfs_rq before us on the list
4049 * If cfs_rq is not on the list, test whether a child needs its to be added to
4050 * connect a branch to the tree * (see list_add_leaf_cfs_rq() for details).
4052 static inline bool child_cfs_rq_on_list(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
4054 struct cfs_rq *prev_cfs_rq;
4055 struct list_head *prev;
4057 if (cfs_rq->on_list) {
4058 prev = cfs_rq->leaf_cfs_rq_list.prev;
4060 struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
4062 prev = rq->tmp_alone_branch;
4065 prev_cfs_rq = container_of(prev, struct cfs_rq, leaf_cfs_rq_list);
4067 return (prev_cfs_rq->tg->parent == cfs_rq->tg);
4070 static inline bool cfs_rq_is_decayed(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
4072 if (cfs_rq->load.weight)
4075 if (!load_avg_is_decayed(&cfs_rq->avg))
4078 if (child_cfs_rq_on_list(cfs_rq))
4085 * update_tg_load_avg - update the tg's load avg
4086 * @cfs_rq: the cfs_rq whose avg changed
4088 * This function 'ensures': tg->load_avg := \Sum tg->cfs_rq[]->avg.load.
4089 * However, because tg->load_avg is a global value there are performance
4092 * In order to avoid having to look at the other cfs_rq's, we use a
4093 * differential update where we store the last value we propagated. This in
4094 * turn allows skipping updates if the differential is 'small'.
4096 * Updating tg's load_avg is necessary before update_cfs_share().
4098 static inline void update_tg_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
4104 * No need to update load_avg for root_task_group as it is not used.
4106 if (cfs_rq->tg == &root_task_group)
4109 /* rq has been offline and doesn't contribute to the share anymore: */
4110 if (!cpu_active(cpu_of(rq_of(cfs_rq))))
4114 * For migration heavy workloads, access to tg->load_avg can be
4115 * unbound. Limit the update rate to at most once per ms.
4117 now = sched_clock_cpu(cpu_of(rq_of(cfs_rq)));
4118 if (now - cfs_rq->last_update_tg_load_avg < NSEC_PER_MSEC)
4121 delta = cfs_rq->avg.load_avg - cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib;
4122 if (abs(delta) > cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib / 64) {
4123 atomic_long_add(delta, &cfs_rq->tg->load_avg);
4124 cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib = cfs_rq->avg.load_avg;
4125 cfs_rq->last_update_tg_load_avg = now;
4129 static inline void clear_tg_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
4135 * No need to update load_avg for root_task_group, as it is not used.
4137 if (cfs_rq->tg == &root_task_group)
4140 now = sched_clock_cpu(cpu_of(rq_of(cfs_rq)));
4141 delta = 0 - cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib;
4142 atomic_long_add(delta, &cfs_rq->tg->load_avg);
4143 cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib = 0;
4144 cfs_rq->last_update_tg_load_avg = now;
4147 /* CPU offline callback: */
4148 static void __maybe_unused clear_tg_offline_cfs_rqs(struct rq *rq)
4150 struct task_group *tg;
4152 lockdep_assert_rq_held(rq);
4155 * The rq clock has already been updated in
4156 * set_rq_offline(), so we should skip updating
4157 * the rq clock again in unthrottle_cfs_rq().
4159 rq_clock_start_loop_update(rq);
4162 list_for_each_entry_rcu(tg, &task_groups, list) {
4163 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[cpu_of(rq)];
4165 clear_tg_load_avg(cfs_rq);
4169 rq_clock_stop_loop_update(rq);
4173 * Called within set_task_rq() right before setting a task's CPU. The
4174 * caller only guarantees p->pi_lock is held; no other assumptions,
4175 * including the state of rq->lock, should be made.
4177 void set_task_rq_fair(struct sched_entity *se,
4178 struct cfs_rq *prev, struct cfs_rq *next)
4180 u64 p_last_update_time;
4181 u64 n_last_update_time;
4183 if (!sched_feat(ATTACH_AGE_LOAD))
4187 * We are supposed to update the task to "current" time, then its up to
4188 * date and ready to go to new CPU/cfs_rq. But we have difficulty in
4189 * getting what current time is, so simply throw away the out-of-date
4190 * time. This will result in the wakee task is less decayed, but giving
4191 * the wakee more load sounds not bad.
4193 if (!(se->avg.last_update_time && prev))
4196 p_last_update_time = cfs_rq_last_update_time(prev);
4197 n_last_update_time = cfs_rq_last_update_time(next);
4199 __update_load_avg_blocked_se(p_last_update_time, se);
4200 se->avg.last_update_time = n_last_update_time;
4204 * When on migration a sched_entity joins/leaves the PELT hierarchy, we need to
4205 * propagate its contribution. The key to this propagation is the invariant
4206 * that for each group:
4208 * ge->avg == grq->avg (1)
4210 * _IFF_ we look at the pure running and runnable sums. Because they
4211 * represent the very same entity, just at different points in the hierarchy.
4213 * Per the above update_tg_cfs_util() and update_tg_cfs_runnable() are trivial
4214 * and simply copies the running/runnable sum over (but still wrong, because
4215 * the group entity and group rq do not have their PELT windows aligned).
4217 * However, update_tg_cfs_load() is more complex. So we have:
4219 * ge->avg.load_avg = ge->load.weight * ge->avg.runnable_avg (2)
4221 * And since, like util, the runnable part should be directly transferable,
4222 * the following would _appear_ to be the straight forward approach:
4224 * grq->avg.load_avg = grq->load.weight * grq->avg.runnable_avg (3)
4226 * And per (1) we have:
4228 * ge->avg.runnable_avg == grq->avg.runnable_avg
4232 * ge->load.weight * grq->avg.load_avg
4233 * ge->avg.load_avg = ----------------------------------- (4)
4236 * Except that is wrong!
4238 * Because while for entities historical weight is not important and we
4239 * really only care about our future and therefore can consider a pure
4240 * runnable sum, runqueues can NOT do this.
4242 * We specifically want runqueues to have a load_avg that includes
4243 * historical weights. Those represent the blocked load, the load we expect
4244 * to (shortly) return to us. This only works by keeping the weights as
4245 * integral part of the sum. We therefore cannot decompose as per (3).
4247 * Another reason this doesn't work is that runnable isn't a 0-sum entity.
4248 * Imagine a rq with 2 tasks that each are runnable 2/3 of the time. Then the
4249 * rq itself is runnable anywhere between 2/3 and 1 depending on how the
4250 * runnable section of these tasks overlap (or not). If they were to perfectly
4251 * align the rq as a whole would be runnable 2/3 of the time. If however we
4252 * always have at least 1 runnable task, the rq as a whole is always runnable.
4254 * So we'll have to approximate.. :/
4256 * Given the constraint:
4258 * ge->avg.running_sum <= ge->avg.runnable_sum <= LOAD_AVG_MAX
4260 * We can construct a rule that adds runnable to a rq by assuming minimal
4263 * On removal, we'll assume each task is equally runnable; which yields:
4265 * grq->avg.runnable_sum = grq->avg.load_sum / grq->load.weight
4267 * XXX: only do this for the part of runnable > running ?
4271 update_tg_cfs_util(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, struct cfs_rq *gcfs_rq)
4273 long delta_sum, delta_avg = gcfs_rq->avg.util_avg - se->avg.util_avg;
4274 u32 new_sum, divider;
4276 /* Nothing to update */
4281 * cfs_rq->avg.period_contrib can be used for both cfs_rq and se.
4282 * See ___update_load_avg() for details.
4284 divider = get_pelt_divider(&cfs_rq->avg);
4287 /* Set new sched_entity's utilization */
4288 se->avg.util_avg = gcfs_rq->avg.util_avg;
4289 new_sum = se->avg.util_avg * divider;
4290 delta_sum = (long)new_sum - (long)se->avg.util_sum;
4291 se->avg.util_sum = new_sum;
4293 /* Update parent cfs_rq utilization */
4294 add_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.util_avg, delta_avg);
4295 add_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.util_sum, delta_sum);
4297 /* See update_cfs_rq_load_avg() */
4298 cfs_rq->avg.util_sum = max_t(u32, cfs_rq->avg.util_sum,
4299 cfs_rq->avg.util_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
4303 update_tg_cfs_runnable(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, struct cfs_rq *gcfs_rq)
4305 long delta_sum, delta_avg = gcfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg - se->avg.runnable_avg;
4306 u32 new_sum, divider;
4308 /* Nothing to update */
4313 * cfs_rq->avg.period_contrib can be used for both cfs_rq and se.
4314 * See ___update_load_avg() for details.
4316 divider = get_pelt_divider(&cfs_rq->avg);
4318 /* Set new sched_entity's runnable */
4319 se->avg.runnable_avg = gcfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg;
4320 new_sum = se->avg.runnable_avg * divider;
4321 delta_sum = (long)new_sum - (long)se->avg.runnable_sum;
4322 se->avg.runnable_sum = new_sum;
4324 /* Update parent cfs_rq runnable */
4325 add_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg, delta_avg);
4326 add_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum, delta_sum);
4327 /* See update_cfs_rq_load_avg() */
4328 cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum = max_t(u32, cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum,
4329 cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
4333 update_tg_cfs_load(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, struct cfs_rq *gcfs_rq)
4335 long delta_avg, running_sum, runnable_sum = gcfs_rq->prop_runnable_sum;
4336 unsigned long load_avg;
4344 gcfs_rq->prop_runnable_sum = 0;
4347 * cfs_rq->avg.period_contrib can be used for both cfs_rq and se.
4348 * See ___update_load_avg() for details.
4350 divider = get_pelt_divider(&cfs_rq->avg);
4352 if (runnable_sum >= 0) {
4354 * Add runnable; clip at LOAD_AVG_MAX. Reflects that until
4355 * the CPU is saturated running == runnable.
4357 runnable_sum += se->avg.load_sum;
4358 runnable_sum = min_t(long, runnable_sum, divider);
4361 * Estimate the new unweighted runnable_sum of the gcfs_rq by
4362 * assuming all tasks are equally runnable.
4364 if (scale_load_down(gcfs_rq->load.weight)) {
4365 load_sum = div_u64(gcfs_rq->avg.load_sum,
4366 scale_load_down(gcfs_rq->load.weight));
4369 /* But make sure to not inflate se's runnable */
4370 runnable_sum = min(se->avg.load_sum, load_sum);
4374 * runnable_sum can't be lower than running_sum
4375 * Rescale running sum to be in the same range as runnable sum
4376 * running_sum is in [0 : LOAD_AVG_MAX << SCHED_CAPACITY_SHIFT]
4377 * runnable_sum is in [0 : LOAD_AVG_MAX]
4379 running_sum = se->avg.util_sum >> SCHED_CAPACITY_SHIFT;
4380 runnable_sum = max(runnable_sum, running_sum);
4382 load_sum = se_weight(se) * runnable_sum;
4383 load_avg = div_u64(load_sum, divider);
4385 delta_avg = load_avg - se->avg.load_avg;
4389 delta_sum = load_sum - (s64)se_weight(se) * se->avg.load_sum;
4391 se->avg.load_sum = runnable_sum;
4392 se->avg.load_avg = load_avg;
4393 add_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.load_avg, delta_avg);
4394 add_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.load_sum, delta_sum);
4395 /* See update_cfs_rq_load_avg() */
4396 cfs_rq->avg.load_sum = max_t(u32, cfs_rq->avg.load_sum,
4397 cfs_rq->avg.load_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
4400 static inline void add_tg_cfs_propagate(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, long runnable_sum)
4402 cfs_rq->propagate = 1;
4403 cfs_rq->prop_runnable_sum += runnable_sum;
4406 /* Update task and its cfs_rq load average */
4407 static inline int propagate_entity_load_avg(struct sched_entity *se)
4409 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, *gcfs_rq;
4411 if (entity_is_task(se))
4414 gcfs_rq = group_cfs_rq(se);
4415 if (!gcfs_rq->propagate)
4418 gcfs_rq->propagate = 0;
4420 cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
4422 add_tg_cfs_propagate(cfs_rq, gcfs_rq->prop_runnable_sum);
4424 update_tg_cfs_util(cfs_rq, se, gcfs_rq);
4425 update_tg_cfs_runnable(cfs_rq, se, gcfs_rq);
4426 update_tg_cfs_load(cfs_rq, se, gcfs_rq);
4428 trace_pelt_cfs_tp(cfs_rq);
4429 trace_pelt_se_tp(se);
4435 * Check if we need to update the load and the utilization of a blocked
4438 static inline bool skip_blocked_update(struct sched_entity *se)
4440 struct cfs_rq *gcfs_rq = group_cfs_rq(se);
4443 * If sched_entity still have not zero load or utilization, we have to
4446 if (se->avg.load_avg || se->avg.util_avg)
4450 * If there is a pending propagation, we have to update the load and
4451 * the utilization of the sched_entity:
4453 if (gcfs_rq->propagate)
4457 * Otherwise, the load and the utilization of the sched_entity is
4458 * already zero and there is no pending propagation, so it will be a
4459 * waste of time to try to decay it:
4464 #else /* CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED */
4466 static inline void update_tg_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq) {}
4468 static inline void clear_tg_offline_cfs_rqs(struct rq *rq) {}
4470 static inline int propagate_entity_load_avg(struct sched_entity *se)
4475 static inline void add_tg_cfs_propagate(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, long runnable_sum) {}
4477 #endif /* CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED */
4479 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON
4480 static inline void migrate_se_pelt_lag(struct sched_entity *se)
4482 u64 throttled = 0, now, lut;
4483 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
4487 if (load_avg_is_decayed(&se->avg))
4490 cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
4494 is_idle = is_idle_task(rcu_dereference(rq->curr));
4498 * The lag estimation comes with a cost we don't want to pay all the
4499 * time. Hence, limiting to the case where the source CPU is idle and
4500 * we know we are at the greatest risk to have an outdated clock.
4506 * Estimated "now" is: last_update_time + cfs_idle_lag + rq_idle_lag, where:
4508 * last_update_time (the cfs_rq's last_update_time)
4509 * = cfs_rq_clock_pelt()@cfs_rq_idle
4510 * = rq_clock_pelt()@cfs_rq_idle
4511 * - cfs->throttled_clock_pelt_time@cfs_rq_idle
4513 * cfs_idle_lag (delta between rq's update and cfs_rq's update)
4514 * = rq_clock_pelt()@rq_idle - rq_clock_pelt()@cfs_rq_idle
4516 * rq_idle_lag (delta between now and rq's update)
4517 * = sched_clock_cpu() - rq_clock()@rq_idle
4519 * We can then write:
4521 * now = rq_clock_pelt()@rq_idle - cfs->throttled_clock_pelt_time +
4522 * sched_clock_cpu() - rq_clock()@rq_idle
4524 * rq_clock_pelt()@rq_idle is rq->clock_pelt_idle
4525 * rq_clock()@rq_idle is rq->clock_idle
4526 * cfs->throttled_clock_pelt_time@cfs_rq_idle
4527 * is cfs_rq->throttled_pelt_idle
4530 #ifdef CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH
4531 throttled = u64_u32_load(cfs_rq->throttled_pelt_idle);
4532 /* The clock has been stopped for throttling */
4533 if (throttled == U64_MAX)
4536 now = u64_u32_load(rq->clock_pelt_idle);
4538 * Paired with _update_idle_rq_clock_pelt(). It ensures at the worst case
4539 * is observed the old clock_pelt_idle value and the new clock_idle,
4540 * which lead to an underestimation. The opposite would lead to an
4544 lut = cfs_rq_last_update_time(cfs_rq);
4549 * cfs_rq->avg.last_update_time is more recent than our
4550 * estimation, let's use it.
4554 now += sched_clock_cpu(cpu_of(rq)) - u64_u32_load(rq->clock_idle);
4556 __update_load_avg_blocked_se(now, se);
4559 static void migrate_se_pelt_lag(struct sched_entity *se) {}
4563 * update_cfs_rq_load_avg - update the cfs_rq's load/util averages
4564 * @now: current time, as per cfs_rq_clock_pelt()
4565 * @cfs_rq: cfs_rq to update
4567 * The cfs_rq avg is the direct sum of all its entities (blocked and runnable)
4568 * avg. The immediate corollary is that all (fair) tasks must be attached.
4570 * cfs_rq->avg is used for task_h_load() and update_cfs_share() for example.
4572 * Return: true if the load decayed or we removed load.
4574 * Since both these conditions indicate a changed cfs_rq->avg.load we should
4575 * call update_tg_load_avg() when this function returns true.
4578 update_cfs_rq_load_avg(u64 now, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
4580 unsigned long removed_load = 0, removed_util = 0, removed_runnable = 0;
4581 struct sched_avg *sa = &cfs_rq->avg;
4584 if (cfs_rq->removed.nr) {
4586 u32 divider = get_pelt_divider(&cfs_rq->avg);
4588 raw_spin_lock(&cfs_rq->removed.lock);
4589 swap(cfs_rq->removed.util_avg, removed_util);
4590 swap(cfs_rq->removed.load_avg, removed_load);
4591 swap(cfs_rq->removed.runnable_avg, removed_runnable);
4592 cfs_rq->removed.nr = 0;
4593 raw_spin_unlock(&cfs_rq->removed.lock);
4596 sub_positive(&sa->load_avg, r);
4597 sub_positive(&sa->load_sum, r * divider);
4598 /* See sa->util_sum below */
4599 sa->load_sum = max_t(u32, sa->load_sum, sa->load_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
4602 sub_positive(&sa->util_avg, r);
4603 sub_positive(&sa->util_sum, r * divider);
4605 * Because of rounding, se->util_sum might ends up being +1 more than
4606 * cfs->util_sum. Although this is not a problem by itself, detaching
4607 * a lot of tasks with the rounding problem between 2 updates of
4608 * util_avg (~1ms) can make cfs->util_sum becoming null whereas
4609 * cfs_util_avg is not.
4610 * Check that util_sum is still above its lower bound for the new
4611 * util_avg. Given that period_contrib might have moved since the last
4612 * sync, we are only sure that util_sum must be above or equal to
4613 * util_avg * minimum possible divider
4615 sa->util_sum = max_t(u32, sa->util_sum, sa->util_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
4617 r = removed_runnable;
4618 sub_positive(&sa->runnable_avg, r);
4619 sub_positive(&sa->runnable_sum, r * divider);
4620 /* See sa->util_sum above */
4621 sa->runnable_sum = max_t(u32, sa->runnable_sum,
4622 sa->runnable_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
4625 * removed_runnable is the unweighted version of removed_load so we
4626 * can use it to estimate removed_load_sum.
4628 add_tg_cfs_propagate(cfs_rq,
4629 -(long)(removed_runnable * divider) >> SCHED_CAPACITY_SHIFT);
4634 decayed |= __update_load_avg_cfs_rq(now, cfs_rq);
4635 u64_u32_store_copy(sa->last_update_time,
4636 cfs_rq->last_update_time_copy,
4637 sa->last_update_time);
4642 * attach_entity_load_avg - attach this entity to its cfs_rq load avg
4643 * @cfs_rq: cfs_rq to attach to
4644 * @se: sched_entity to attach
4646 * Must call update_cfs_rq_load_avg() before this, since we rely on
4647 * cfs_rq->avg.last_update_time being current.
4649 static void attach_entity_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
4652 * cfs_rq->avg.period_contrib can be used for both cfs_rq and se.
4653 * See ___update_load_avg() for details.
4655 u32 divider = get_pelt_divider(&cfs_rq->avg);
4658 * When we attach the @se to the @cfs_rq, we must align the decay
4659 * window because without that, really weird and wonderful things can
4664 se->avg.last_update_time = cfs_rq->avg.last_update_time;
4665 se->avg.period_contrib = cfs_rq->avg.period_contrib;
4668 * Hell(o) Nasty stuff.. we need to recompute _sum based on the new
4669 * period_contrib. This isn't strictly correct, but since we're
4670 * entirely outside of the PELT hierarchy, nobody cares if we truncate
4673 se->avg.util_sum = se->avg.util_avg * divider;
4675 se->avg.runnable_sum = se->avg.runnable_avg * divider;
4677 se->avg.load_sum = se->avg.load_avg * divider;
4678 if (se_weight(se) < se->avg.load_sum)
4679 se->avg.load_sum = div_u64(se->avg.load_sum, se_weight(se));
4681 se->avg.load_sum = 1;
4683 enqueue_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
4684 cfs_rq->avg.util_avg += se->avg.util_avg;
4685 cfs_rq->avg.util_sum += se->avg.util_sum;
4686 cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg += se->avg.runnable_avg;
4687 cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum += se->avg.runnable_sum;
4689 add_tg_cfs_propagate(cfs_rq, se->avg.load_sum);
4691 cfs_rq_util_change(cfs_rq, 0);
4693 trace_pelt_cfs_tp(cfs_rq);
4697 * detach_entity_load_avg - detach this entity from its cfs_rq load avg
4698 * @cfs_rq: cfs_rq to detach from
4699 * @se: sched_entity to detach
4701 * Must call update_cfs_rq_load_avg() before this, since we rely on
4702 * cfs_rq->avg.last_update_time being current.
4704 static void detach_entity_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
4706 dequeue_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
4707 sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.util_avg, se->avg.util_avg);
4708 sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.util_sum, se->avg.util_sum);
4709 /* See update_cfs_rq_load_avg() */
4710 cfs_rq->avg.util_sum = max_t(u32, cfs_rq->avg.util_sum,
4711 cfs_rq->avg.util_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
4713 sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg, se->avg.runnable_avg);
4714 sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum, se->avg.runnable_sum);
4715 /* See update_cfs_rq_load_avg() */
4716 cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum = max_t(u32, cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum,
4717 cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg * PELT_MIN_DIVIDER);
4719 add_tg_cfs_propagate(cfs_rq, -se->avg.load_sum);
4721 cfs_rq_util_change(cfs_rq, 0);
4723 trace_pelt_cfs_tp(cfs_rq);
4727 * Optional action to be done while updating the load average
4729 #define UPDATE_TG 0x1
4730 #define SKIP_AGE_LOAD 0x2
4731 #define DO_ATTACH 0x4
4732 #define DO_DETACH 0x8
4734 /* Update task and its cfs_rq load average */
4735 static inline void update_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags)
4737 u64 now = cfs_rq_clock_pelt(cfs_rq);
4741 * Track task load average for carrying it to new CPU after migrated, and
4742 * track group sched_entity load average for task_h_load calculation in migration
4744 if (se->avg.last_update_time && !(flags & SKIP_AGE_LOAD))
4745 __update_load_avg_se(now, cfs_rq, se);
4747 decayed = update_cfs_rq_load_avg(now, cfs_rq);
4748 decayed |= propagate_entity_load_avg(se);
4750 if (!se->avg.last_update_time && (flags & DO_ATTACH)) {
4753 * DO_ATTACH means we're here from enqueue_entity().
4754 * !last_update_time means we've passed through
4755 * migrate_task_rq_fair() indicating we migrated.
4757 * IOW we're enqueueing a task on a new CPU.
4759 attach_entity_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
4760 update_tg_load_avg(cfs_rq);
4762 } else if (flags & DO_DETACH) {
4764 * DO_DETACH means we're here from dequeue_entity()
4765 * and we are migrating task out of the CPU.
4767 detach_entity_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
4768 update_tg_load_avg(cfs_rq);
4769 } else if (decayed) {
4770 cfs_rq_util_change(cfs_rq, 0);
4772 if (flags & UPDATE_TG)
4773 update_tg_load_avg(cfs_rq);
4778 * Synchronize entity load avg of dequeued entity without locking
4781 static void sync_entity_load_avg(struct sched_entity *se)
4783 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
4784 u64 last_update_time;
4786 last_update_time = cfs_rq_last_update_time(cfs_rq);
4787 __update_load_avg_blocked_se(last_update_time, se);
4791 * Task first catches up with cfs_rq, and then subtract
4792 * itself from the cfs_rq (task must be off the queue now).
4794 static void remove_entity_load_avg(struct sched_entity *se)
4796 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
4797 unsigned long flags;
4800 * tasks cannot exit without having gone through wake_up_new_task() ->
4801 * enqueue_task_fair() which will have added things to the cfs_rq,
4802 * so we can remove unconditionally.
4805 sync_entity_load_avg(se);
4807 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cfs_rq->removed.lock, flags);
4808 ++cfs_rq->removed.nr;
4809 cfs_rq->removed.util_avg += se->avg.util_avg;
4810 cfs_rq->removed.load_avg += se->avg.load_avg;
4811 cfs_rq->removed.runnable_avg += se->avg.runnable_avg;
4812 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cfs_rq->removed.lock, flags);
4815 static inline unsigned long cfs_rq_runnable_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
4817 return cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg;
4820 static inline unsigned long cfs_rq_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
4822 return cfs_rq->avg.load_avg;
4825 static int sched_balance_newidle(struct rq *this_rq, struct rq_flags *rf);
4827 static inline unsigned long task_util(struct task_struct *p)
4829 return READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.util_avg);
4832 static inline unsigned long task_runnable(struct task_struct *p)
4834 return READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.runnable_avg);
4837 static inline unsigned long _task_util_est(struct task_struct *p)
4839 return READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.util_est) & ~UTIL_AVG_UNCHANGED;
4842 static inline unsigned long task_util_est(struct task_struct *p)
4844 return max(task_util(p), _task_util_est(p));
4847 static inline void util_est_enqueue(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq,
4848 struct task_struct *p)
4850 unsigned int enqueued;
4852 if (!sched_feat(UTIL_EST))
4855 /* Update root cfs_rq's estimated utilization */
4856 enqueued = cfs_rq->avg.util_est;
4857 enqueued += _task_util_est(p);
4858 WRITE_ONCE(cfs_rq->avg.util_est, enqueued);
4860 trace_sched_util_est_cfs_tp(cfs_rq);
4863 static inline void util_est_dequeue(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq,
4864 struct task_struct *p)
4866 unsigned int enqueued;
4868 if (!sched_feat(UTIL_EST))
4871 /* Update root cfs_rq's estimated utilization */
4872 enqueued = cfs_rq->avg.util_est;
4873 enqueued -= min_t(unsigned int, enqueued, _task_util_est(p));
4874 WRITE_ONCE(cfs_rq->avg.util_est, enqueued);
4876 trace_sched_util_est_cfs_tp(cfs_rq);
4879 #define UTIL_EST_MARGIN (SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE / 100)
4881 static inline void util_est_update(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq,
4882 struct task_struct *p,
4885 unsigned int ewma, dequeued, last_ewma_diff;
4887 if (!sched_feat(UTIL_EST))
4891 * Skip update of task's estimated utilization when the task has not
4892 * yet completed an activation, e.g. being migrated.
4897 /* Get current estimate of utilization */
4898 ewma = READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.util_est);
4901 * If the PELT values haven't changed since enqueue time,
4902 * skip the util_est update.
4904 if (ewma & UTIL_AVG_UNCHANGED)
4907 /* Get utilization at dequeue */
4908 dequeued = task_util(p);
4911 * Reset EWMA on utilization increases, the moving average is used only
4912 * to smooth utilization decreases.
4914 if (ewma <= dequeued) {
4920 * Skip update of task's estimated utilization when its members are
4921 * already ~1% close to its last activation value.
4923 last_ewma_diff = ewma - dequeued;
4924 if (last_ewma_diff < UTIL_EST_MARGIN)
4928 * To avoid overestimation of actual task utilization, skip updates if
4929 * we cannot grant there is idle time in this CPU.
4931 if (dequeued > arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu_of(rq_of(cfs_rq))))
4935 * To avoid underestimate of task utilization, skip updates of EWMA if
4936 * we cannot grant that thread got all CPU time it wanted.
4938 if ((dequeued + UTIL_EST_MARGIN) < task_runnable(p))
4943 * Update Task's estimated utilization
4945 * When *p completes an activation we can consolidate another sample
4946 * of the task size. This is done by using this value to update the
4947 * Exponential Weighted Moving Average (EWMA):
4949 * ewma(t) = w * task_util(p) + (1-w) * ewma(t-1)
4950 * = w * task_util(p) + ewma(t-1) - w * ewma(t-1)
4951 * = w * (task_util(p) - ewma(t-1)) + ewma(t-1)
4952 * = w * ( -last_ewma_diff ) + ewma(t-1)
4953 * = w * (-last_ewma_diff + ewma(t-1) / w)
4955 * Where 'w' is the weight of new samples, which is configured to be
4956 * 0.25, thus making w=1/4 ( >>= UTIL_EST_WEIGHT_SHIFT)
4958 ewma <<= UTIL_EST_WEIGHT_SHIFT;
4959 ewma -= last_ewma_diff;
4960 ewma >>= UTIL_EST_WEIGHT_SHIFT;
4962 ewma |= UTIL_AVG_UNCHANGED;
4963 WRITE_ONCE(p->se.avg.util_est, ewma);
4965 trace_sched_util_est_se_tp(&p->se);
4968 static inline int util_fits_cpu(unsigned long util,
4969 unsigned long uclamp_min,
4970 unsigned long uclamp_max,
4973 unsigned long capacity_orig, capacity_orig_thermal;
4974 unsigned long capacity = capacity_of(cpu);
4975 bool fits, uclamp_max_fits;
4978 * Check if the real util fits without any uclamp boost/cap applied.
4980 fits = fits_capacity(util, capacity);
4982 if (!uclamp_is_used())
4986 * We must use arch_scale_cpu_capacity() for comparing against uclamp_min and
4987 * uclamp_max. We only care about capacity pressure (by using
4988 * capacity_of()) for comparing against the real util.
4990 * If a task is boosted to 1024 for example, we don't want a tiny
4991 * pressure to skew the check whether it fits a CPU or not.
4993 * Similarly if a task is capped to arch_scale_cpu_capacity(little_cpu), it
4994 * should fit a little cpu even if there's some pressure.
4996 * Only exception is for thermal pressure since it has a direct impact
4997 * on available OPP of the system.
4999 * We honour it for uclamp_min only as a drop in performance level
5000 * could result in not getting the requested minimum performance level.
5002 * For uclamp_max, we can tolerate a drop in performance level as the
5003 * goal is to cap the task. So it's okay if it's getting less.
5005 capacity_orig = arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu);
5006 capacity_orig_thermal = capacity_orig - arch_scale_thermal_pressure(cpu);
5009 * We want to force a task to fit a cpu as implied by uclamp_max.
5010 * But we do have some corner cases to cater for..
5016 * |_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ | _ | _ _ _ _ _ uclamp_max
5019 * | | | | | | | (util somewhere in this region)
5022 * +----------------------------------------
5025 * In the above example if a task is capped to a specific performance
5026 * point, y, then when:
5028 * * util = 80% of x then it does not fit on CPU0 and should migrate
5030 * * util = 80% of y then it is forced to fit on CPU1 to honour
5031 * uclamp_max request.
5033 * which is what we're enforcing here. A task always fits if
5034 * uclamp_max <= capacity_orig. But when uclamp_max > capacity_orig,
5035 * the normal upmigration rules should withhold still.
5037 * Only exception is when we are on max capacity, then we need to be
5038 * careful not to block overutilized state. This is so because:
5040 * 1. There's no concept of capping at max_capacity! We can't go
5041 * beyond this performance level anyway.
5042 * 2. The system is being saturated when we're operating near
5043 * max capacity, it doesn't make sense to block overutilized.
5045 uclamp_max_fits = (capacity_orig == SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE) && (uclamp_max == SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE);
5046 uclamp_max_fits = !uclamp_max_fits && (uclamp_max <= capacity_orig);
5047 fits = fits || uclamp_max_fits;
5052 * | ___ (region a, capped, util >= uclamp_max)
5054 * |_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ | _ | _ _ _ _ _ uclamp_max
5056 * | ___ | | | | (region b, uclamp_min <= util <= uclamp_max)
5057 * |_ _ _|_ _|_ _ _ _| _ | _ _ _| _ | _ _ _ _ _ uclamp_min
5059 * | | | | | | | (region c, boosted, util < uclamp_min)
5060 * +----------------------------------------
5063 * a) If util > uclamp_max, then we're capped, we don't care about
5064 * actual fitness value here. We only care if uclamp_max fits
5065 * capacity without taking margin/pressure into account.
5066 * See comment above.
5068 * b) If uclamp_min <= util <= uclamp_max, then the normal
5069 * fits_capacity() rules apply. Except we need to ensure that we
5070 * enforce we remain within uclamp_max, see comment above.
5072 * c) If util < uclamp_min, then we are boosted. Same as (b) but we
5073 * need to take into account the boosted value fits the CPU without
5074 * taking margin/pressure into account.
5076 * Cases (a) and (b) are handled in the 'fits' variable already. We
5077 * just need to consider an extra check for case (c) after ensuring we
5078 * handle the case uclamp_min > uclamp_max.
5080 uclamp_min = min(uclamp_min, uclamp_max);
5081 if (fits && (util < uclamp_min) && (uclamp_min > capacity_orig_thermal))
5087 static inline int task_fits_cpu(struct task_struct *p, int cpu)
5089 unsigned long uclamp_min = uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MIN);
5090 unsigned long uclamp_max = uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MAX);
5091 unsigned long util = task_util_est(p);
5093 * Return true only if the cpu fully fits the task requirements, which
5094 * include the utilization but also the performance hints.
5096 return (util_fits_cpu(util, uclamp_min, uclamp_max, cpu) > 0);
5099 static inline void update_misfit_status(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq)
5101 if (!sched_asym_cpucap_active())
5104 if (!p || p->nr_cpus_allowed == 1) {
5105 rq->misfit_task_load = 0;
5109 if (task_fits_cpu(p, cpu_of(rq))) {
5110 rq->misfit_task_load = 0;
5115 * Make sure that misfit_task_load will not be null even if
5116 * task_h_load() returns 0.
5118 rq->misfit_task_load = max_t(unsigned long, task_h_load(p), 1);
5121 #else /* CONFIG_SMP */
5123 static inline bool cfs_rq_is_decayed(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
5125 return !cfs_rq->nr_running;
5128 #define UPDATE_TG 0x0
5129 #define SKIP_AGE_LOAD 0x0
5130 #define DO_ATTACH 0x0
5131 #define DO_DETACH 0x0
5133 static inline void update_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int not_used1)
5135 cfs_rq_util_change(cfs_rq, 0);
5138 static inline void remove_entity_load_avg(struct sched_entity *se) {}
5141 attach_entity_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se) {}
5143 detach_entity_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se) {}
5145 static inline int sched_balance_newidle(struct rq *rq, struct rq_flags *rf)
5151 util_est_enqueue(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct task_struct *p) {}
5154 util_est_dequeue(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct task_struct *p) {}
5157 util_est_update(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct task_struct *p,
5159 static inline void update_misfit_status(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq) {}
5161 #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
5164 place_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags)
5166 u64 vslice, vruntime = avg_vruntime(cfs_rq);
5169 se->slice = sysctl_sched_base_slice;
5170 vslice = calc_delta_fair(se->slice, se);
5173 * Due to how V is constructed as the weighted average of entities,
5174 * adding tasks with positive lag, or removing tasks with negative lag
5175 * will move 'time' backwards, this can screw around with the lag of
5178 * EEVDF: placement strategy #1 / #2
5180 if (sched_feat(PLACE_LAG) && cfs_rq->nr_running) {
5181 struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq->curr;
5187 * If we want to place a task and preserve lag, we have to
5188 * consider the effect of the new entity on the weighted
5189 * average and compensate for this, otherwise lag can quickly
5192 * Lag is defined as:
5194 * lag_i = S - s_i = w_i * (V - v_i)
5196 * To avoid the 'w_i' term all over the place, we only track
5199 * vl_i = V - v_i <=> v_i = V - vl_i
5201 * And we take V to be the weighted average of all v:
5203 * V = (\Sum w_j*v_j) / W
5205 * Where W is: \Sum w_j
5207 * Then, the weighted average after adding an entity with lag
5210 * V' = (\Sum w_j*v_j + w_i*v_i) / (W + w_i)
5211 * = (W*V + w_i*(V - vl_i)) / (W + w_i)
5212 * = (W*V + w_i*V - w_i*vl_i) / (W + w_i)
5213 * = (V*(W + w_i) - w_i*l) / (W + w_i)
5214 * = V - w_i*vl_i / (W + w_i)
5216 * And the actual lag after adding an entity with vl_i is:
5219 * = V - w_i*vl_i / (W + w_i) - (V - vl_i)
5220 * = vl_i - w_i*vl_i / (W + w_i)
5222 * Which is strictly less than vl_i. So in order to preserve lag
5223 * we should inflate the lag before placement such that the
5224 * effective lag after placement comes out right.
5226 * As such, invert the above relation for vl'_i to get the vl_i
5227 * we need to use such that the lag after placement is the lag
5228 * we computed before dequeue.
5230 * vl'_i = vl_i - w_i*vl_i / (W + w_i)
5231 * = ((W + w_i)*vl_i - w_i*vl_i) / (W + w_i)
5233 * (W + w_i)*vl'_i = (W + w_i)*vl_i - w_i*vl_i
5236 * vl_i = (W + w_i)*vl'_i / W
5238 load = cfs_rq->avg_load;
5239 if (curr && curr->on_rq)
5240 load += scale_load_down(curr->load.weight);
5242 lag *= load + scale_load_down(se->load.weight);
5243 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!load))
5245 lag = div_s64(lag, load);
5248 se->vruntime = vruntime - lag;
5251 * When joining the competition; the existing tasks will be,
5252 * on average, halfway through their slice, as such start tasks
5253 * off with half a slice to ease into the competition.
5255 if (sched_feat(PLACE_DEADLINE_INITIAL) && (flags & ENQUEUE_INITIAL))
5259 * EEVDF: vd_i = ve_i + r_i/w_i
5261 se->deadline = se->vruntime + vslice;
5264 static void check_enqueue_throttle(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq);
5265 static inline int cfs_rq_throttled(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq);
5267 static inline bool cfs_bandwidth_used(void);
5270 enqueue_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags)
5272 bool curr = cfs_rq->curr == se;
5275 * If we're the current task, we must renormalise before calling
5279 place_entity(cfs_rq, se, flags);
5281 update_curr(cfs_rq);
5284 * When enqueuing a sched_entity, we must:
5285 * - Update loads to have both entity and cfs_rq synced with now.
5286 * - For group_entity, update its runnable_weight to reflect the new
5287 * h_nr_running of its group cfs_rq.
5288 * - For group_entity, update its weight to reflect the new share of
5290 * - Add its new weight to cfs_rq->load.weight
5292 update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG | DO_ATTACH);
5293 se_update_runnable(se);
5295 * XXX update_load_avg() above will have attached us to the pelt sum;
5296 * but update_cfs_group() here will re-adjust the weight and have to
5297 * undo/redo all that. Seems wasteful.
5299 update_cfs_group(se);
5302 * XXX now that the entity has been re-weighted, and it's lag adjusted,
5303 * we can place the entity.
5306 place_entity(cfs_rq, se, flags);
5308 account_entity_enqueue(cfs_rq, se);
5310 /* Entity has migrated, no longer consider this task hot */
5311 if (flags & ENQUEUE_MIGRATED)
5314 check_schedstat_required();
5315 update_stats_enqueue_fair(cfs_rq, se, flags);
5317 __enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, se);
5320 if (cfs_rq->nr_running == 1) {
5321 check_enqueue_throttle(cfs_rq);
5322 if (!throttled_hierarchy(cfs_rq)) {
5323 list_add_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
5325 #ifdef CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH
5326 struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
5328 if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq) && !cfs_rq->throttled_clock)
5329 cfs_rq->throttled_clock = rq_clock(rq);
5330 if (!cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self)
5331 cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self = rq_clock(rq);
5337 static void __clear_buddies_next(struct sched_entity *se)
5339 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
5340 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
5341 if (cfs_rq->next != se)
5344 cfs_rq->next = NULL;
5348 static void clear_buddies(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
5350 if (cfs_rq->next == se)
5351 __clear_buddies_next(se);
5354 static __always_inline void return_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq);
5357 dequeue_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags)
5359 int action = UPDATE_TG;
5361 if (entity_is_task(se) && task_on_rq_migrating(task_of(se)))
5362 action |= DO_DETACH;
5365 * Update run-time statistics of the 'current'.
5367 update_curr(cfs_rq);
5370 * When dequeuing a sched_entity, we must:
5371 * - Update loads to have both entity and cfs_rq synced with now.
5372 * - For group_entity, update its runnable_weight to reflect the new
5373 * h_nr_running of its group cfs_rq.
5374 * - Subtract its previous weight from cfs_rq->load.weight.
5375 * - For group entity, update its weight to reflect the new share
5376 * of its group cfs_rq.
5378 update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, action);
5379 se_update_runnable(se);
5381 update_stats_dequeue_fair(cfs_rq, se, flags);
5383 clear_buddies(cfs_rq, se);
5385 update_entity_lag(cfs_rq, se);
5386 if (se != cfs_rq->curr)
5387 __dequeue_entity(cfs_rq, se);
5389 account_entity_dequeue(cfs_rq, se);
5391 /* return excess runtime on last dequeue */
5392 return_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq);
5394 update_cfs_group(se);
5397 * Now advance min_vruntime if @se was the entity holding it back,
5398 * except when: DEQUEUE_SAVE && !DEQUEUE_MOVE, in this case we'll be
5399 * put back on, and if we advance min_vruntime, we'll be placed back
5400 * further than we started -- i.e. we'll be penalized.
5402 if ((flags & (DEQUEUE_SAVE | DEQUEUE_MOVE)) != DEQUEUE_SAVE)
5403 update_min_vruntime(cfs_rq);
5405 if (cfs_rq->nr_running == 0)
5406 update_idle_cfs_rq_clock_pelt(cfs_rq);
5410 set_next_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
5412 clear_buddies(cfs_rq, se);
5414 /* 'current' is not kept within the tree. */
5417 * Any task has to be enqueued before it get to execute on
5418 * a CPU. So account for the time it spent waiting on the
5421 update_stats_wait_end_fair(cfs_rq, se);
5422 __dequeue_entity(cfs_rq, se);
5423 update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG);
5425 * HACK, stash a copy of deadline at the point of pick in vlag,
5426 * which isn't used until dequeue.
5428 se->vlag = se->deadline;
5431 update_stats_curr_start(cfs_rq, se);
5435 * Track our maximum slice length, if the CPU's load is at
5436 * least twice that of our own weight (i.e. don't track it
5437 * when there are only lesser-weight tasks around):
5439 if (schedstat_enabled() &&
5440 rq_of(cfs_rq)->cfs.load.weight >= 2*se->load.weight) {
5441 struct sched_statistics *stats;
5443 stats = __schedstats_from_se(se);
5444 __schedstat_set(stats->slice_max,
5445 max((u64)stats->slice_max,
5446 se->sum_exec_runtime - se->prev_sum_exec_runtime));
5449 se->prev_sum_exec_runtime = se->sum_exec_runtime;
5453 * Pick the next process, keeping these things in mind, in this order:
5454 * 1) keep things fair between processes/task groups
5455 * 2) pick the "next" process, since someone really wants that to run
5456 * 3) pick the "last" process, for cache locality
5457 * 4) do not run the "skip" process, if something else is available
5459 static struct sched_entity *
5460 pick_next_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
5463 * Enabling NEXT_BUDDY will affect latency but not fairness.
5465 if (sched_feat(NEXT_BUDDY) &&
5466 cfs_rq->next && entity_eligible(cfs_rq, cfs_rq->next))
5467 return cfs_rq->next;
5469 return pick_eevdf(cfs_rq);
5472 static bool check_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq);
5474 static void put_prev_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *prev)
5477 * If still on the runqueue then deactivate_task()
5478 * was not called and update_curr() has to be done:
5481 update_curr(cfs_rq);
5483 /* throttle cfs_rqs exceeding runtime */
5484 check_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq);
5487 update_stats_wait_start_fair(cfs_rq, prev);
5488 /* Put 'current' back into the tree. */
5489 __enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, prev);
5490 /* in !on_rq case, update occurred at dequeue */
5491 update_load_avg(cfs_rq, prev, 0);
5493 cfs_rq->curr = NULL;
5497 entity_tick(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *curr, int queued)
5500 * Update run-time statistics of the 'current'.
5502 update_curr(cfs_rq);
5505 * Ensure that runnable average is periodically updated.
5507 update_load_avg(cfs_rq, curr, UPDATE_TG);
5508 update_cfs_group(curr);
5510 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_HRTICK
5512 * queued ticks are scheduled to match the slice, so don't bother
5513 * validating it and just reschedule.
5516 resched_curr(rq_of(cfs_rq));
5520 * don't let the period tick interfere with the hrtick preemption
5522 if (!sched_feat(DOUBLE_TICK) &&
5523 hrtimer_active(&rq_of(cfs_rq)->hrtick_timer))
5529 /**************************************************
5530 * CFS bandwidth control machinery
5533 #ifdef CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH
5535 #ifdef CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL
5536 static struct static_key __cfs_bandwidth_used;
5538 static inline bool cfs_bandwidth_used(void)
5540 return static_key_false(&__cfs_bandwidth_used);
5543 void cfs_bandwidth_usage_inc(void)
5545 static_key_slow_inc_cpuslocked(&__cfs_bandwidth_used);
5548 void cfs_bandwidth_usage_dec(void)
5550 static_key_slow_dec_cpuslocked(&__cfs_bandwidth_used);
5552 #else /* CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL */
5553 static bool cfs_bandwidth_used(void)
5558 void cfs_bandwidth_usage_inc(void) {}
5559 void cfs_bandwidth_usage_dec(void) {}
5560 #endif /* CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL */
5563 * default period for cfs group bandwidth.
5564 * default: 0.1s, units: nanoseconds
5566 static inline u64 default_cfs_period(void)
5568 return 100000000ULL;
5571 static inline u64 sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice(void)
5573 return (u64)sysctl_sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice * NSEC_PER_USEC;
5577 * Replenish runtime according to assigned quota. We use sched_clock_cpu
5578 * directly instead of rq->clock to avoid adding additional synchronization
5581 * requires cfs_b->lock
5583 void __refill_cfs_bandwidth_runtime(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b)
5587 if (unlikely(cfs_b->quota == RUNTIME_INF))
5590 cfs_b->runtime += cfs_b->quota;
5591 runtime = cfs_b->runtime_snap - cfs_b->runtime;
5593 cfs_b->burst_time += runtime;
5597 cfs_b->runtime = min(cfs_b->runtime, cfs_b->quota + cfs_b->burst);
5598 cfs_b->runtime_snap = cfs_b->runtime;
5601 static inline struct cfs_bandwidth *tg_cfs_bandwidth(struct task_group *tg)
5603 return &tg->cfs_bandwidth;
5606 /* returns 0 on failure to allocate runtime */
5607 static int __assign_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b,
5608 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 target_runtime)
5610 u64 min_amount, amount = 0;
5612 lockdep_assert_held(&cfs_b->lock);
5614 /* note: this is a positive sum as runtime_remaining <= 0 */
5615 min_amount = target_runtime - cfs_rq->runtime_remaining;
5617 if (cfs_b->quota == RUNTIME_INF)
5618 amount = min_amount;
5620 start_cfs_bandwidth(cfs_b);
5622 if (cfs_b->runtime > 0) {
5623 amount = min(cfs_b->runtime, min_amount);
5624 cfs_b->runtime -= amount;
5629 cfs_rq->runtime_remaining += amount;
5631 return cfs_rq->runtime_remaining > 0;
5634 /* returns 0 on failure to allocate runtime */
5635 static int assign_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
5637 struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b = tg_cfs_bandwidth(cfs_rq->tg);
5640 raw_spin_lock(&cfs_b->lock);
5641 ret = __assign_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_b, cfs_rq, sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice());
5642 raw_spin_unlock(&cfs_b->lock);
5647 static void __account_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 delta_exec)
5649 /* dock delta_exec before expiring quota (as it could span periods) */
5650 cfs_rq->runtime_remaining -= delta_exec;
5652 if (likely(cfs_rq->runtime_remaining > 0))
5655 if (cfs_rq->throttled)
5658 * if we're unable to extend our runtime we resched so that the active
5659 * hierarchy can be throttled
5661 if (!assign_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq) && likely(cfs_rq->curr))
5662 resched_curr(rq_of(cfs_rq));
5665 static __always_inline
5666 void account_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 delta_exec)
5668 if (!cfs_bandwidth_used() || !cfs_rq->runtime_enabled)
5671 __account_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq, delta_exec);
5674 static inline int cfs_rq_throttled(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
5676 return cfs_bandwidth_used() && cfs_rq->throttled;
5679 /* check whether cfs_rq, or any parent, is throttled */
5680 static inline int throttled_hierarchy(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
5682 return cfs_bandwidth_used() && cfs_rq->throttle_count;
5686 * Ensure that neither of the group entities corresponding to src_cpu or
5687 * dest_cpu are members of a throttled hierarchy when performing group
5688 * load-balance operations.
5690 static inline int throttled_lb_pair(struct task_group *tg,
5691 int src_cpu, int dest_cpu)
5693 struct cfs_rq *src_cfs_rq, *dest_cfs_rq;
5695 src_cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[src_cpu];
5696 dest_cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[dest_cpu];
5698 return throttled_hierarchy(src_cfs_rq) ||
5699 throttled_hierarchy(dest_cfs_rq);
5702 static int tg_unthrottle_up(struct task_group *tg, void *data)
5704 struct rq *rq = data;
5705 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[cpu_of(rq)];
5707 cfs_rq->throttle_count--;
5708 if (!cfs_rq->throttle_count) {
5709 cfs_rq->throttled_clock_pelt_time += rq_clock_pelt(rq) -
5710 cfs_rq->throttled_clock_pelt;
5712 /* Add cfs_rq with load or one or more already running entities to the list */
5713 if (!cfs_rq_is_decayed(cfs_rq))
5714 list_add_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
5716 if (cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self) {
5717 u64 delta = rq_clock(rq) - cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self;
5719 cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self = 0;
5721 if (SCHED_WARN_ON((s64)delta < 0))
5724 cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self_time += delta;
5731 static int tg_throttle_down(struct task_group *tg, void *data)
5733 struct rq *rq = data;
5734 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[cpu_of(rq)];
5736 /* group is entering throttled state, stop time */
5737 if (!cfs_rq->throttle_count) {
5738 cfs_rq->throttled_clock_pelt = rq_clock_pelt(rq);
5739 list_del_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
5741 SCHED_WARN_ON(cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self);
5742 if (cfs_rq->nr_running)
5743 cfs_rq->throttled_clock_self = rq_clock(rq);
5745 cfs_rq->throttle_count++;
5750 static bool throttle_cfs_rq(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
5752 struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
5753 struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b = tg_cfs_bandwidth(cfs_rq->tg);
5754 struct sched_entity *se;
5755 long task_delta, idle_task_delta, dequeue = 1;
5757 raw_spin_lock(&cfs_b->lock);
5758 /* This will start the period timer if necessary */
5759 if (__assign_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_b, cfs_rq, 1)) {
5761 * We have raced with bandwidth becoming available, and if we
5762 * actually throttled the timer might not unthrottle us for an
5763 * entire period. We additionally needed to make sure that any
5764 * subsequent check_cfs_rq_runtime calls agree not to throttle
5765 * us, as we may commit to do cfs put_prev+pick_next, so we ask
5766 * for 1ns of runtime rather than just check cfs_b.
5770 list_add_tail_rcu(&cfs_rq->throttled_list,
5771 &cfs_b->throttled_cfs_rq);
5773 raw_spin_unlock(&cfs_b->lock);
5776 return false; /* Throttle no longer required. */
5778 se = cfs_rq->tg->se[cpu_of(rq_of(cfs_rq))];
5780 /* freeze hierarchy runnable averages while throttled */
5782 walk_tg_tree_from(cfs_rq->tg, tg_throttle_down, tg_nop, (void *)rq);
5785 task_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_running;
5786 idle_task_delta = cfs_rq->idle_h_nr_running;
5787 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
5788 struct cfs_rq *qcfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
5789 /* throttled entity or throttle-on-deactivate */
5793 dequeue_entity(qcfs_rq, se, DEQUEUE_SLEEP);
5795 if (cfs_rq_is_idle(group_cfs_rq(se)))
5796 idle_task_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_running;
5798 qcfs_rq->h_nr_running -= task_delta;
5799 qcfs_rq->idle_h_nr_running -= idle_task_delta;
5801 if (qcfs_rq->load.weight) {
5802 /* Avoid re-evaluating load for this entity: */
5803 se = parent_entity(se);
5808 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
5809 struct cfs_rq *qcfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
5810 /* throttled entity or throttle-on-deactivate */
5814 update_load_avg(qcfs_rq, se, 0);
5815 se_update_runnable(se);
5817 if (cfs_rq_is_idle(group_cfs_rq(se)))
5818 idle_task_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_running;
5820 qcfs_rq->h_nr_running -= task_delta;
5821 qcfs_rq->idle_h_nr_running -= idle_task_delta;
5824 /* At this point se is NULL and we are at root level*/
5825 sub_nr_running(rq, task_delta);
5829 * Note: distribution will already see us throttled via the
5830 * throttled-list. rq->lock protects completion.
5832 cfs_rq->throttled = 1;
5833 SCHED_WARN_ON(cfs_rq->throttled_clock);
5834 if (cfs_rq->nr_running)
5835 cfs_rq->throttled_clock = rq_clock(rq);
5839 void unthrottle_cfs_rq(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
5841 struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
5842 struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b = tg_cfs_bandwidth(cfs_rq->tg);
5843 struct sched_entity *se;
5844 long task_delta, idle_task_delta;
5846 se = cfs_rq->tg->se[cpu_of(rq)];
5848 cfs_rq->throttled = 0;
5850 update_rq_clock(rq);
5852 raw_spin_lock(&cfs_b->lock);
5853 if (cfs_rq->throttled_clock) {
5854 cfs_b->throttled_time += rq_clock(rq) - cfs_rq->throttled_clock;
5855 cfs_rq->throttled_clock = 0;
5857 list_del_rcu(&cfs_rq->throttled_list);
5858 raw_spin_unlock(&cfs_b->lock);
5860 /* update hierarchical throttle state */
5861 walk_tg_tree_from(cfs_rq->tg, tg_nop, tg_unthrottle_up, (void *)rq);
5863 if (!cfs_rq->load.weight) {
5864 if (!cfs_rq->on_list)
5867 * Nothing to run but something to decay (on_list)?
5868 * Complete the branch.
5870 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
5871 if (list_add_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq_of(se)))
5874 goto unthrottle_throttle;
5877 task_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_running;
5878 idle_task_delta = cfs_rq->idle_h_nr_running;
5879 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
5880 struct cfs_rq *qcfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
5884 enqueue_entity(qcfs_rq, se, ENQUEUE_WAKEUP);
5886 if (cfs_rq_is_idle(group_cfs_rq(se)))
5887 idle_task_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_running;
5889 qcfs_rq->h_nr_running += task_delta;
5890 qcfs_rq->idle_h_nr_running += idle_task_delta;
5892 /* end evaluation on encountering a throttled cfs_rq */
5893 if (cfs_rq_throttled(qcfs_rq))
5894 goto unthrottle_throttle;
5897 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
5898 struct cfs_rq *qcfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
5900 update_load_avg(qcfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG);
5901 se_update_runnable(se);
5903 if (cfs_rq_is_idle(group_cfs_rq(se)))
5904 idle_task_delta = cfs_rq->h_nr_running;
5906 qcfs_rq->h_nr_running += task_delta;
5907 qcfs_rq->idle_h_nr_running += idle_task_delta;
5909 /* end evaluation on encountering a throttled cfs_rq */
5910 if (cfs_rq_throttled(qcfs_rq))
5911 goto unthrottle_throttle;
5914 /* At this point se is NULL and we are at root level*/
5915 add_nr_running(rq, task_delta);
5917 unthrottle_throttle:
5918 assert_list_leaf_cfs_rq(rq);
5920 /* Determine whether we need to wake up potentially idle CPU: */
5921 if (rq->curr == rq->idle && rq->cfs.nr_running)
5926 static void __cfsb_csd_unthrottle(void *arg)
5928 struct cfs_rq *cursor, *tmp;
5929 struct rq *rq = arg;
5935 * Iterating over the list can trigger several call to
5936 * update_rq_clock() in unthrottle_cfs_rq().
5937 * Do it once and skip the potential next ones.
5939 update_rq_clock(rq);
5940 rq_clock_start_loop_update(rq);
5943 * Since we hold rq lock we're safe from concurrent manipulation of
5944 * the CSD list. However, this RCU critical section annotates the
5945 * fact that we pair with sched_free_group_rcu(), so that we cannot
5946 * race with group being freed in the window between removing it
5947 * from the list and advancing to the next entry in the list.
5951 list_for_each_entry_safe(cursor, tmp, &rq->cfsb_csd_list,
5952 throttled_csd_list) {
5953 list_del_init(&cursor->throttled_csd_list);
5955 if (cfs_rq_throttled(cursor))
5956 unthrottle_cfs_rq(cursor);
5961 rq_clock_stop_loop_update(rq);
5965 static inline void __unthrottle_cfs_rq_async(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
5967 struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
5970 if (rq == this_rq()) {
5971 unthrottle_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
5975 /* Already enqueued */
5976 if (SCHED_WARN_ON(!list_empty(&cfs_rq->throttled_csd_list)))
5979 first = list_empty(&rq->cfsb_csd_list);
5980 list_add_tail(&cfs_rq->throttled_csd_list, &rq->cfsb_csd_list);
5982 smp_call_function_single_async(cpu_of(rq), &rq->cfsb_csd);
5985 static inline void __unthrottle_cfs_rq_async(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
5987 unthrottle_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
5991 static void unthrottle_cfs_rq_async(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
5993 lockdep_assert_rq_held(rq_of(cfs_rq));
5995 if (SCHED_WARN_ON(!cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq) ||
5996 cfs_rq->runtime_remaining <= 0))
5999 __unthrottle_cfs_rq_async(cfs_rq);
6002 static bool distribute_cfs_runtime(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b)
6004 int this_cpu = smp_processor_id();
6005 u64 runtime, remaining = 1;
6006 bool throttled = false;
6007 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, *tmp;
6010 LIST_HEAD(local_unthrottle);
6013 list_for_each_entry_rcu(cfs_rq, &cfs_b->throttled_cfs_rq,
6022 rq_lock_irqsave(rq, &rf);
6023 if (!cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
6026 /* Already queued for async unthrottle */
6027 if (!list_empty(&cfs_rq->throttled_csd_list))
6030 /* By the above checks, this should never be true */
6031 SCHED_WARN_ON(cfs_rq->runtime_remaining > 0);
6033 raw_spin_lock(&cfs_b->lock);
6034 runtime = -cfs_rq->runtime_remaining + 1;
6035 if (runtime > cfs_b->runtime)
6036 runtime = cfs_b->runtime;
6037 cfs_b->runtime -= runtime;
6038 remaining = cfs_b->runtime;
6039 raw_spin_unlock(&cfs_b->lock);
6041 cfs_rq->runtime_remaining += runtime;
6043 /* we check whether we're throttled above */
6044 if (cfs_rq->runtime_remaining > 0) {
6045 if (cpu_of(rq) != this_cpu) {
6046 unthrottle_cfs_rq_async(cfs_rq);
6049 * We currently only expect to be unthrottling
6050 * a single cfs_rq locally.
6052 SCHED_WARN_ON(!list_empty(&local_unthrottle));
6053 list_add_tail(&cfs_rq->throttled_csd_list,
6061 rq_unlock_irqrestore(rq, &rf);
6064 list_for_each_entry_safe(cfs_rq, tmp, &local_unthrottle,
6065 throttled_csd_list) {
6066 struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
6068 rq_lock_irqsave(rq, &rf);
6070 list_del_init(&cfs_rq->throttled_csd_list);
6072 if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
6073 unthrottle_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
6075 rq_unlock_irqrestore(rq, &rf);
6077 SCHED_WARN_ON(!list_empty(&local_unthrottle));
6085 * Responsible for refilling a task_group's bandwidth and unthrottling its
6086 * cfs_rqs as appropriate. If there has been no activity within the last
6087 * period the timer is deactivated until scheduling resumes; cfs_b->idle is
6088 * used to track this state.
6090 static int do_sched_cfs_period_timer(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b, int overrun, unsigned long flags)
6094 /* no need to continue the timer with no bandwidth constraint */
6095 if (cfs_b->quota == RUNTIME_INF)
6096 goto out_deactivate;
6098 throttled = !list_empty(&cfs_b->throttled_cfs_rq);
6099 cfs_b->nr_periods += overrun;
6101 /* Refill extra burst quota even if cfs_b->idle */
6102 __refill_cfs_bandwidth_runtime(cfs_b);
6105 * idle depends on !throttled (for the case of a large deficit), and if
6106 * we're going inactive then everything else can be deferred
6108 if (cfs_b->idle && !throttled)
6109 goto out_deactivate;
6112 /* mark as potentially idle for the upcoming period */
6117 /* account preceding periods in which throttling occurred */
6118 cfs_b->nr_throttled += overrun;
6121 * This check is repeated as we release cfs_b->lock while we unthrottle.
6123 while (throttled && cfs_b->runtime > 0) {
6124 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cfs_b->lock, flags);
6125 /* we can't nest cfs_b->lock while distributing bandwidth */
6126 throttled = distribute_cfs_runtime(cfs_b);
6127 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cfs_b->lock, flags);
6131 * While we are ensured activity in the period following an
6132 * unthrottle, this also covers the case in which the new bandwidth is
6133 * insufficient to cover the existing bandwidth deficit. (Forcing the
6134 * timer to remain active while there are any throttled entities.)
6144 /* a cfs_rq won't donate quota below this amount */
6145 static const u64 min_cfs_rq_runtime = 1 * NSEC_PER_MSEC;
6146 /* minimum remaining period time to redistribute slack quota */
6147 static const u64 min_bandwidth_expiration = 2 * NSEC_PER_MSEC;
6148 /* how long we wait to gather additional slack before distributing */
6149 static const u64 cfs_bandwidth_slack_period = 5 * NSEC_PER_MSEC;
6152 * Are we near the end of the current quota period?
6154 * Requires cfs_b->lock for hrtimer_expires_remaining to be safe against the
6155 * hrtimer base being cleared by hrtimer_start. In the case of
6156 * migrate_hrtimers, base is never cleared, so we are fine.
6158 static int runtime_refresh_within(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b, u64 min_expire)
6160 struct hrtimer *refresh_timer = &cfs_b->period_timer;
6163 /* if the call-back is running a quota refresh is already occurring */
6164 if (hrtimer_callback_running(refresh_timer))
6167 /* is a quota refresh about to occur? */
6168 remaining = ktime_to_ns(hrtimer_expires_remaining(refresh_timer));
6169 if (remaining < (s64)min_expire)
6175 static void start_cfs_slack_bandwidth(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b)
6177 u64 min_left = cfs_bandwidth_slack_period + min_bandwidth_expiration;
6179 /* if there's a quota refresh soon don't bother with slack */
6180 if (runtime_refresh_within(cfs_b, min_left))
6183 /* don't push forwards an existing deferred unthrottle */
6184 if (cfs_b->slack_started)
6186 cfs_b->slack_started = true;
6188 hrtimer_start(&cfs_b->slack_timer,
6189 ns_to_ktime(cfs_bandwidth_slack_period),
6193 /* we know any runtime found here is valid as update_curr() precedes return */
6194 static void __return_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
6196 struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b = tg_cfs_bandwidth(cfs_rq->tg);
6197 s64 slack_runtime = cfs_rq->runtime_remaining - min_cfs_rq_runtime;
6199 if (slack_runtime <= 0)
6202 raw_spin_lock(&cfs_b->lock);
6203 if (cfs_b->quota != RUNTIME_INF) {
6204 cfs_b->runtime += slack_runtime;
6206 /* we are under rq->lock, defer unthrottling using a timer */
6207 if (cfs_b->runtime > sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice() &&
6208 !list_empty(&cfs_b->throttled_cfs_rq))
6209 start_cfs_slack_bandwidth(cfs_b);
6211 raw_spin_unlock(&cfs_b->lock);
6213 /* even if it's not valid for return we don't want to try again */
6214 cfs_rq->runtime_remaining -= slack_runtime;
6217 static __always_inline void return_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
6219 if (!cfs_bandwidth_used())
6222 if (!cfs_rq->runtime_enabled || cfs_rq->nr_running)
6225 __return_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq);
6229 * This is done with a timer (instead of inline with bandwidth return) since
6230 * it's necessary to juggle rq->locks to unthrottle their respective cfs_rqs.
6232 static void do_sched_cfs_slack_timer(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b)
6234 u64 runtime = 0, slice = sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice();
6235 unsigned long flags;
6237 /* confirm we're still not at a refresh boundary */
6238 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cfs_b->lock, flags);
6239 cfs_b->slack_started = false;
6241 if (runtime_refresh_within(cfs_b, min_bandwidth_expiration)) {
6242 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cfs_b->lock, flags);
6246 if (cfs_b->quota != RUNTIME_INF && cfs_b->runtime > slice)
6247 runtime = cfs_b->runtime;
6249 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cfs_b->lock, flags);
6254 distribute_cfs_runtime(cfs_b);
6258 * When a group wakes up we want to make sure that its quota is not already
6259 * expired/exceeded, otherwise it may be allowed to steal additional ticks of
6260 * runtime as update_curr() throttling can not trigger until it's on-rq.
6262 static void check_enqueue_throttle(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
6264 if (!cfs_bandwidth_used())
6267 /* an active group must be handled by the update_curr()->put() path */
6268 if (!cfs_rq->runtime_enabled || cfs_rq->curr)
6271 /* ensure the group is not already throttled */
6272 if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
6275 /* update runtime allocation */
6276 account_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq, 0);
6277 if (cfs_rq->runtime_remaining <= 0)
6278 throttle_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
6281 static void sync_throttle(struct task_group *tg, int cpu)
6283 struct cfs_rq *pcfs_rq, *cfs_rq;
6285 if (!cfs_bandwidth_used())
6291 cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[cpu];
6292 pcfs_rq = tg->parent->cfs_rq[cpu];
6294 cfs_rq->throttle_count = pcfs_rq->throttle_count;
6295 cfs_rq->throttled_clock_pelt = rq_clock_pelt(cpu_rq(cpu));
6298 /* conditionally throttle active cfs_rq's from put_prev_entity() */
6299 static bool check_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
6301 if (!cfs_bandwidth_used())
6304 if (likely(!cfs_rq->runtime_enabled || cfs_rq->runtime_remaining > 0))
6308 * it's possible for a throttled entity to be forced into a running
6309 * state (e.g. set_curr_task), in this case we're finished.
6311 if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
6314 return throttle_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
6317 static enum hrtimer_restart sched_cfs_slack_timer(struct hrtimer *timer)
6319 struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b =
6320 container_of(timer, struct cfs_bandwidth, slack_timer);
6322 do_sched_cfs_slack_timer(cfs_b);
6324 return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
6327 extern const u64 max_cfs_quota_period;
6329 static enum hrtimer_restart sched_cfs_period_timer(struct hrtimer *timer)
6331 struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b =
6332 container_of(timer, struct cfs_bandwidth, period_timer);
6333 unsigned long flags;
6338 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cfs_b->lock, flags);
6340 overrun = hrtimer_forward_now(timer, cfs_b->period);
6344 idle = do_sched_cfs_period_timer(cfs_b, overrun, flags);
6347 u64 new, old = ktime_to_ns(cfs_b->period);
6350 * Grow period by a factor of 2 to avoid losing precision.
6351 * Precision loss in the quota/period ratio can cause __cfs_schedulable
6355 if (new < max_cfs_quota_period) {
6356 cfs_b->period = ns_to_ktime(new);
6360 pr_warn_ratelimited(
6361 "cfs_period_timer[cpu%d]: period too short, scaling up (new cfs_period_us = %lld, cfs_quota_us = %lld)\n",
6363 div_u64(new, NSEC_PER_USEC),
6364 div_u64(cfs_b->quota, NSEC_PER_USEC));
6366 pr_warn_ratelimited(
6367 "cfs_period_timer[cpu%d]: period too short, but cannot scale up without losing precision (cfs_period_us = %lld, cfs_quota_us = %lld)\n",
6369 div_u64(old, NSEC_PER_USEC),
6370 div_u64(cfs_b->quota, NSEC_PER_USEC));
6373 /* reset count so we don't come right back in here */
6378 cfs_b->period_active = 0;
6379 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cfs_b->lock, flags);
6381 return idle ? HRTIMER_NORESTART : HRTIMER_RESTART;
6384 void init_cfs_bandwidth(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b, struct cfs_bandwidth *parent)
6386 raw_spin_lock_init(&cfs_b->lock);
6388 cfs_b->quota = RUNTIME_INF;
6389 cfs_b->period = ns_to_ktime(default_cfs_period());
6391 cfs_b->hierarchical_quota = parent ? parent->hierarchical_quota : RUNTIME_INF;
6393 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cfs_b->throttled_cfs_rq);
6394 hrtimer_init(&cfs_b->period_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS_PINNED);
6395 cfs_b->period_timer.function = sched_cfs_period_timer;
6397 /* Add a random offset so that timers interleave */
6398 hrtimer_set_expires(&cfs_b->period_timer,
6399 get_random_u32_below(cfs_b->period));
6400 hrtimer_init(&cfs_b->slack_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
6401 cfs_b->slack_timer.function = sched_cfs_slack_timer;
6402 cfs_b->slack_started = false;
6405 static void init_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
6407 cfs_rq->runtime_enabled = 0;
6408 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cfs_rq->throttled_list);
6409 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cfs_rq->throttled_csd_list);
6412 void start_cfs_bandwidth(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b)
6414 lockdep_assert_held(&cfs_b->lock);
6416 if (cfs_b->period_active)
6419 cfs_b->period_active = 1;
6420 hrtimer_forward_now(&cfs_b->period_timer, cfs_b->period);
6421 hrtimer_start_expires(&cfs_b->period_timer, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS_PINNED);
6424 static void destroy_cfs_bandwidth(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b)
6426 int __maybe_unused i;
6428 /* init_cfs_bandwidth() was not called */
6429 if (!cfs_b->throttled_cfs_rq.next)
6432 hrtimer_cancel(&cfs_b->period_timer);
6433 hrtimer_cancel(&cfs_b->slack_timer);
6436 * It is possible that we still have some cfs_rq's pending on a CSD
6437 * list, though this race is very rare. In order for this to occur, we
6438 * must have raced with the last task leaving the group while there
6439 * exist throttled cfs_rq(s), and the period_timer must have queued the
6440 * CSD item but the remote cpu has not yet processed it. To handle this,
6441 * we can simply flush all pending CSD work inline here. We're
6442 * guaranteed at this point that no additional cfs_rq of this group can
6446 for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
6447 struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(i);
6448 unsigned long flags;
6450 if (list_empty(&rq->cfsb_csd_list))
6453 local_irq_save(flags);
6454 __cfsb_csd_unthrottle(rq);
6455 local_irq_restore(flags);
6461 * Both these CPU hotplug callbacks race against unregister_fair_sched_group()
6463 * The race is harmless, since modifying bandwidth settings of unhooked group
6464 * bits doesn't do much.
6467 /* cpu online callback */
6468 static void __maybe_unused update_runtime_enabled(struct rq *rq)
6470 struct task_group *tg;
6472 lockdep_assert_rq_held(rq);
6475 list_for_each_entry_rcu(tg, &task_groups, list) {
6476 struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b = &tg->cfs_bandwidth;
6477 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[cpu_of(rq)];
6479 raw_spin_lock(&cfs_b->lock);
6480 cfs_rq->runtime_enabled = cfs_b->quota != RUNTIME_INF;
6481 raw_spin_unlock(&cfs_b->lock);
6486 /* cpu offline callback */
6487 static void __maybe_unused unthrottle_offline_cfs_rqs(struct rq *rq)
6489 struct task_group *tg;
6491 lockdep_assert_rq_held(rq);
6494 * The rq clock has already been updated in the
6495 * set_rq_offline(), so we should skip updating
6496 * the rq clock again in unthrottle_cfs_rq().
6498 rq_clock_start_loop_update(rq);
6501 list_for_each_entry_rcu(tg, &task_groups, list) {
6502 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[cpu_of(rq)];
6504 if (!cfs_rq->runtime_enabled)
6508 * clock_task is not advancing so we just need to make sure
6509 * there's some valid quota amount
6511 cfs_rq->runtime_remaining = 1;
6513 * Offline rq is schedulable till CPU is completely disabled
6514 * in take_cpu_down(), so we prevent new cfs throttling here.
6516 cfs_rq->runtime_enabled = 0;
6518 if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
6519 unthrottle_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
6523 rq_clock_stop_loop_update(rq);
6526 bool cfs_task_bw_constrained(struct task_struct *p)
6528 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = task_cfs_rq(p);
6530 if (!cfs_bandwidth_used())
6533 if (cfs_rq->runtime_enabled ||
6534 tg_cfs_bandwidth(cfs_rq->tg)->hierarchical_quota != RUNTIME_INF)
6540 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL
6541 /* called from pick_next_task_fair() */
6542 static void sched_fair_update_stop_tick(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
6544 int cpu = cpu_of(rq);
6546 if (!sched_feat(HZ_BW) || !cfs_bandwidth_used())
6549 if (!tick_nohz_full_cpu(cpu))
6552 if (rq->nr_running != 1)
6556 * We know there is only one task runnable and we've just picked it. The
6557 * normal enqueue path will have cleared TICK_DEP_BIT_SCHED if we will
6558 * be otherwise able to stop the tick. Just need to check if we are using
6559 * bandwidth control.
6561 if (cfs_task_bw_constrained(p))
6562 tick_nohz_dep_set_cpu(cpu, TICK_DEP_BIT_SCHED);
6566 #else /* CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH */
6568 static inline bool cfs_bandwidth_used(void)
6573 static void account_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 delta_exec) {}
6574 static bool check_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq) { return false; }
6575 static void check_enqueue_throttle(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq) {}
6576 static inline void sync_throttle(struct task_group *tg, int cpu) {}
6577 static __always_inline void return_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq) {}
6579 static inline int cfs_rq_throttled(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
6584 static inline int throttled_hierarchy(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
6589 static inline int throttled_lb_pair(struct task_group *tg,
6590 int src_cpu, int dest_cpu)
6595 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
6596 void init_cfs_bandwidth(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b, struct cfs_bandwidth *parent) {}
6597 static void init_cfs_rq_runtime(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq) {}
6600 static inline struct cfs_bandwidth *tg_cfs_bandwidth(struct task_group *tg)
6604 static inline void destroy_cfs_bandwidth(struct cfs_bandwidth *cfs_b) {}
6605 static inline void update_runtime_enabled(struct rq *rq) {}
6606 static inline void unthrottle_offline_cfs_rqs(struct rq *rq) {}
6607 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_SCHED
6608 bool cfs_task_bw_constrained(struct task_struct *p)
6613 #endif /* CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH */
6615 #if !defined(CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH) || !defined(CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL)
6616 static inline void sched_fair_update_stop_tick(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p) {}
6619 /**************************************************
6620 * CFS operations on tasks:
6623 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_HRTICK
6624 static void hrtick_start_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
6626 struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
6628 SCHED_WARN_ON(task_rq(p) != rq);
6630 if (rq->cfs.h_nr_running > 1) {
6631 u64 ran = se->sum_exec_runtime - se->prev_sum_exec_runtime;
6632 u64 slice = se->slice;
6633 s64 delta = slice - ran;
6636 if (task_current(rq, p))
6640 hrtick_start(rq, delta);
6645 * called from enqueue/dequeue and updates the hrtick when the
6646 * current task is from our class and nr_running is low enough
6649 static void hrtick_update(struct rq *rq)
6651 struct task_struct *curr = rq->curr;
6653 if (!hrtick_enabled_fair(rq) || curr->sched_class != &fair_sched_class)
6656 hrtick_start_fair(rq, curr);
6658 #else /* !CONFIG_SCHED_HRTICK */
6660 hrtick_start_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
6664 static inline void hrtick_update(struct rq *rq)
6670 static inline bool cpu_overutilized(int cpu)
6672 unsigned long rq_util_min = uclamp_rq_get(cpu_rq(cpu), UCLAMP_MIN);
6673 unsigned long rq_util_max = uclamp_rq_get(cpu_rq(cpu), UCLAMP_MAX);
6675 /* Return true only if the utilization doesn't fit CPU's capacity */
6676 return !util_fits_cpu(cpu_util_cfs(cpu), rq_util_min, rq_util_max, cpu);
6679 static inline void update_overutilized_status(struct rq *rq)
6681 if (!READ_ONCE(rq->rd->overutilized) && cpu_overutilized(rq->cpu)) {
6682 WRITE_ONCE(rq->rd->overutilized, SG_OVERUTILIZED);
6683 trace_sched_overutilized_tp(rq->rd, SG_OVERUTILIZED);
6687 static inline void update_overutilized_status(struct rq *rq) { }
6690 /* Runqueue only has SCHED_IDLE tasks enqueued */
6691 static int sched_idle_rq(struct rq *rq)
6693 return unlikely(rq->nr_running == rq->cfs.idle_h_nr_running &&
6698 static int sched_idle_cpu(int cpu)
6700 return sched_idle_rq(cpu_rq(cpu));
6705 * The enqueue_task method is called before nr_running is
6706 * increased. Here we update the fair scheduling stats and
6707 * then put the task into the rbtree:
6710 enqueue_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int flags)
6712 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
6713 struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
6714 int idle_h_nr_running = task_has_idle_policy(p);
6715 int task_new = !(flags & ENQUEUE_WAKEUP);
6718 * The code below (indirectly) updates schedutil which looks at
6719 * the cfs_rq utilization to select a frequency.
6720 * Let's add the task's estimated utilization to the cfs_rq's
6721 * estimated utilization, before we update schedutil.
6723 util_est_enqueue(&rq->cfs, p);
6726 * If in_iowait is set, the code below may not trigger any cpufreq
6727 * utilization updates, so do it here explicitly with the IOWAIT flag
6731 cpufreq_update_util(rq, SCHED_CPUFREQ_IOWAIT);
6733 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
6736 cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
6737 enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, se, flags);
6739 cfs_rq->h_nr_running++;
6740 cfs_rq->idle_h_nr_running += idle_h_nr_running;
6742 if (cfs_rq_is_idle(cfs_rq))
6743 idle_h_nr_running = 1;
6745 /* end evaluation on encountering a throttled cfs_rq */
6746 if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
6747 goto enqueue_throttle;
6749 flags = ENQUEUE_WAKEUP;
6752 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
6753 cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
6755 update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG);
6756 se_update_runnable(se);
6757 update_cfs_group(se);
6759 cfs_rq->h_nr_running++;
6760 cfs_rq->idle_h_nr_running += idle_h_nr_running;
6762 if (cfs_rq_is_idle(cfs_rq))
6763 idle_h_nr_running = 1;
6765 /* end evaluation on encountering a throttled cfs_rq */
6766 if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
6767 goto enqueue_throttle;
6770 /* At this point se is NULL and we are at root level*/
6771 add_nr_running(rq, 1);
6774 * Since new tasks are assigned an initial util_avg equal to
6775 * half of the spare capacity of their CPU, tiny tasks have the
6776 * ability to cross the overutilized threshold, which will
6777 * result in the load balancer ruining all the task placement
6778 * done by EAS. As a way to mitigate that effect, do not account
6779 * for the first enqueue operation of new tasks during the
6780 * overutilized flag detection.
6782 * A better way of solving this problem would be to wait for
6783 * the PELT signals of tasks to converge before taking them
6784 * into account, but that is not straightforward to implement,
6785 * and the following generally works well enough in practice.
6788 update_overutilized_status(rq);
6791 assert_list_leaf_cfs_rq(rq);
6796 static void set_next_buddy(struct sched_entity *se);
6799 * The dequeue_task method is called before nr_running is
6800 * decreased. We remove the task from the rbtree and
6801 * update the fair scheduling stats:
6803 static void dequeue_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int flags)
6805 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
6806 struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
6807 int task_sleep = flags & DEQUEUE_SLEEP;
6808 int idle_h_nr_running = task_has_idle_policy(p);
6809 bool was_sched_idle = sched_idle_rq(rq);
6811 util_est_dequeue(&rq->cfs, p);
6813 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
6814 cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
6815 dequeue_entity(cfs_rq, se, flags);
6817 cfs_rq->h_nr_running--;
6818 cfs_rq->idle_h_nr_running -= idle_h_nr_running;
6820 if (cfs_rq_is_idle(cfs_rq))
6821 idle_h_nr_running = 1;
6823 /* end evaluation on encountering a throttled cfs_rq */
6824 if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
6825 goto dequeue_throttle;
6827 /* Don't dequeue parent if it has other entities besides us */
6828 if (cfs_rq->load.weight) {
6829 /* Avoid re-evaluating load for this entity: */
6830 se = parent_entity(se);
6832 * Bias pick_next to pick a task from this cfs_rq, as
6833 * p is sleeping when it is within its sched_slice.
6835 if (task_sleep && se && !throttled_hierarchy(cfs_rq))
6839 flags |= DEQUEUE_SLEEP;
6842 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
6843 cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
6845 update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG);
6846 se_update_runnable(se);
6847 update_cfs_group(se);
6849 cfs_rq->h_nr_running--;
6850 cfs_rq->idle_h_nr_running -= idle_h_nr_running;
6852 if (cfs_rq_is_idle(cfs_rq))
6853 idle_h_nr_running = 1;
6855 /* end evaluation on encountering a throttled cfs_rq */
6856 if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
6857 goto dequeue_throttle;
6861 /* At this point se is NULL and we are at root level*/
6862 sub_nr_running(rq, 1);
6864 /* balance early to pull high priority tasks */
6865 if (unlikely(!was_sched_idle && sched_idle_rq(rq)))
6866 rq->next_balance = jiffies;
6869 util_est_update(&rq->cfs, p, task_sleep);
6875 /* Working cpumask for: sched_balance_rq(), sched_balance_newidle(). */
6876 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(cpumask_var_t, load_balance_mask);
6877 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(cpumask_var_t, select_rq_mask);
6878 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(cpumask_var_t, should_we_balance_tmpmask);
6880 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON
6883 cpumask_var_t idle_cpus_mask;
6885 int has_blocked; /* Idle CPUS has blocked load */
6886 int needs_update; /* Newly idle CPUs need their next_balance collated */
6887 unsigned long next_balance; /* in jiffy units */
6888 unsigned long next_blocked; /* Next update of blocked load in jiffies */
6889 } nohz ____cacheline_aligned;
6891 #endif /* CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON */
6893 static unsigned long cpu_load(struct rq *rq)
6895 return cfs_rq_load_avg(&rq->cfs);
6899 * cpu_load_without - compute CPU load without any contributions from *p
6900 * @cpu: the CPU which load is requested
6901 * @p: the task which load should be discounted
6903 * The load of a CPU is defined by the load of tasks currently enqueued on that
6904 * CPU as well as tasks which are currently sleeping after an execution on that
6907 * This method returns the load of the specified CPU by discounting the load of
6908 * the specified task, whenever the task is currently contributing to the CPU
6911 static unsigned long cpu_load_without(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
6913 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
6916 /* Task has no contribution or is new */
6917 if (cpu_of(rq) != task_cpu(p) || !READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.last_update_time))
6918 return cpu_load(rq);
6921 load = READ_ONCE(cfs_rq->avg.load_avg);
6923 /* Discount task's util from CPU's util */
6924 lsub_positive(&load, task_h_load(p));
6929 static unsigned long cpu_runnable(struct rq *rq)
6931 return cfs_rq_runnable_avg(&rq->cfs);
6934 static unsigned long cpu_runnable_without(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
6936 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
6937 unsigned int runnable;
6939 /* Task has no contribution or is new */
6940 if (cpu_of(rq) != task_cpu(p) || !READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.last_update_time))
6941 return cpu_runnable(rq);
6944 runnable = READ_ONCE(cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg);
6946 /* Discount task's runnable from CPU's runnable */
6947 lsub_positive(&runnable, p->se.avg.runnable_avg);
6952 static unsigned long capacity_of(int cpu)
6954 return cpu_rq(cpu)->cpu_capacity;
6957 static void record_wakee(struct task_struct *p)
6960 * Only decay a single time; tasks that have less then 1 wakeup per
6961 * jiffy will not have built up many flips.
6963 if (time_after(jiffies, current->wakee_flip_decay_ts + HZ)) {
6964 current->wakee_flips >>= 1;
6965 current->wakee_flip_decay_ts = jiffies;
6968 if (current->last_wakee != p) {
6969 current->last_wakee = p;
6970 current->wakee_flips++;
6975 * Detect M:N waker/wakee relationships via a switching-frequency heuristic.
6977 * A waker of many should wake a different task than the one last awakened
6978 * at a frequency roughly N times higher than one of its wakees.
6980 * In order to determine whether we should let the load spread vs consolidating
6981 * to shared cache, we look for a minimum 'flip' frequency of llc_size in one
6982 * partner, and a factor of lls_size higher frequency in the other.
6984 * With both conditions met, we can be relatively sure that the relationship is
6985 * non-monogamous, with partner count exceeding socket size.
6987 * Waker/wakee being client/server, worker/dispatcher, interrupt source or
6988 * whatever is irrelevant, spread criteria is apparent partner count exceeds
6991 static int wake_wide(struct task_struct *p)
6993 unsigned int master = current->wakee_flips;
6994 unsigned int slave = p->wakee_flips;
6995 int factor = __this_cpu_read(sd_llc_size);
6998 swap(master, slave);
6999 if (slave < factor || master < slave * factor)
7005 * The purpose of wake_affine() is to quickly determine on which CPU we can run
7006 * soonest. For the purpose of speed we only consider the waking and previous
7009 * wake_affine_idle() - only considers 'now', it check if the waking CPU is
7010 * cache-affine and is (or will be) idle.
7012 * wake_affine_weight() - considers the weight to reflect the average
7013 * scheduling latency of the CPUs. This seems to work
7014 * for the overloaded case.
7017 wake_affine_idle(int this_cpu, int prev_cpu, int sync)
7020 * If this_cpu is idle, it implies the wakeup is from interrupt
7021 * context. Only allow the move if cache is shared. Otherwise an
7022 * interrupt intensive workload could force all tasks onto one
7023 * node depending on the IO topology or IRQ affinity settings.
7025 * If the prev_cpu is idle and cache affine then avoid a migration.
7026 * There is no guarantee that the cache hot data from an interrupt
7027 * is more important than cache hot data on the prev_cpu and from
7028 * a cpufreq perspective, it's better to have higher utilisation
7031 if (available_idle_cpu(this_cpu) && cpus_share_cache(this_cpu, prev_cpu))
7032 return available_idle_cpu(prev_cpu) ? prev_cpu : this_cpu;
7034 if (sync && cpu_rq(this_cpu)->nr_running == 1)
7037 if (available_idle_cpu(prev_cpu))
7040 return nr_cpumask_bits;
7044 wake_affine_weight(struct sched_domain *sd, struct task_struct *p,
7045 int this_cpu, int prev_cpu, int sync)
7047 s64 this_eff_load, prev_eff_load;
7048 unsigned long task_load;
7050 this_eff_load = cpu_load(cpu_rq(this_cpu));
7053 unsigned long current_load = task_h_load(current);
7055 if (current_load > this_eff_load)
7058 this_eff_load -= current_load;
7061 task_load = task_h_load(p);
7063 this_eff_load += task_load;
7064 if (sched_feat(WA_BIAS))
7065 this_eff_load *= 100;
7066 this_eff_load *= capacity_of(prev_cpu);
7068 prev_eff_load = cpu_load(cpu_rq(prev_cpu));
7069 prev_eff_load -= task_load;
7070 if (sched_feat(WA_BIAS))
7071 prev_eff_load *= 100 + (sd->imbalance_pct - 100) / 2;
7072 prev_eff_load *= capacity_of(this_cpu);
7075 * If sync, adjust the weight of prev_eff_load such that if
7076 * prev_eff == this_eff that select_idle_sibling() will consider
7077 * stacking the wakee on top of the waker if no other CPU is
7083 return this_eff_load < prev_eff_load ? this_cpu : nr_cpumask_bits;
7086 static int wake_affine(struct sched_domain *sd, struct task_struct *p,
7087 int this_cpu, int prev_cpu, int sync)
7089 int target = nr_cpumask_bits;
7091 if (sched_feat(WA_IDLE))
7092 target = wake_affine_idle(this_cpu, prev_cpu, sync);
7094 if (sched_feat(WA_WEIGHT) && target == nr_cpumask_bits)
7095 target = wake_affine_weight(sd, p, this_cpu, prev_cpu, sync);
7097 schedstat_inc(p->stats.nr_wakeups_affine_attempts);
7098 if (target != this_cpu)
7101 schedstat_inc(sd->ttwu_move_affine);
7102 schedstat_inc(p->stats.nr_wakeups_affine);
7106 static struct sched_group *
7107 sched_balance_find_dst_group(struct sched_domain *sd, struct task_struct *p, int this_cpu);
7110 * sched_balance_find_dst_group_cpu - find the idlest CPU among the CPUs in the group.
7113 sched_balance_find_dst_group_cpu(struct sched_group *group, struct task_struct *p, int this_cpu)
7115 unsigned long load, min_load = ULONG_MAX;
7116 unsigned int min_exit_latency = UINT_MAX;
7117 u64 latest_idle_timestamp = 0;
7118 int least_loaded_cpu = this_cpu;
7119 int shallowest_idle_cpu = -1;
7122 /* Check if we have any choice: */
7123 if (group->group_weight == 1)
7124 return cpumask_first(sched_group_span(group));
7126 /* Traverse only the allowed CPUs */
7127 for_each_cpu_and(i, sched_group_span(group), p->cpus_ptr) {
7128 struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(i);
7130 if (!sched_core_cookie_match(rq, p))
7133 if (sched_idle_cpu(i))
7136 if (available_idle_cpu(i)) {
7137 struct cpuidle_state *idle = idle_get_state(rq);
7138 if (idle && idle->exit_latency < min_exit_latency) {
7140 * We give priority to a CPU whose idle state
7141 * has the smallest exit latency irrespective
7142 * of any idle timestamp.
7144 min_exit_latency = idle->exit_latency;
7145 latest_idle_timestamp = rq->idle_stamp;
7146 shallowest_idle_cpu = i;
7147 } else if ((!idle || idle->exit_latency == min_exit_latency) &&
7148 rq->idle_stamp > latest_idle_timestamp) {
7150 * If equal or no active idle state, then
7151 * the most recently idled CPU might have
7154 latest_idle_timestamp = rq->idle_stamp;
7155 shallowest_idle_cpu = i;
7157 } else if (shallowest_idle_cpu == -1) {
7158 load = cpu_load(cpu_rq(i));
7159 if (load < min_load) {
7161 least_loaded_cpu = i;
7166 return shallowest_idle_cpu != -1 ? shallowest_idle_cpu : least_loaded_cpu;
7169 static inline int sched_balance_find_dst_cpu(struct sched_domain *sd, struct task_struct *p,
7170 int cpu, int prev_cpu, int sd_flag)
7174 if (!cpumask_intersects(sched_domain_span(sd), p->cpus_ptr))
7178 * We need task's util for cpu_util_without, sync it up to
7179 * prev_cpu's last_update_time.
7181 if (!(sd_flag & SD_BALANCE_FORK))
7182 sync_entity_load_avg(&p->se);
7185 struct sched_group *group;
7186 struct sched_domain *tmp;
7189 if (!(sd->flags & sd_flag)) {
7194 group = sched_balance_find_dst_group(sd, p, cpu);
7200 new_cpu = sched_balance_find_dst_group_cpu(group, p, cpu);
7201 if (new_cpu == cpu) {
7202 /* Now try balancing at a lower domain level of 'cpu': */
7207 /* Now try balancing at a lower domain level of 'new_cpu': */
7209 weight = sd->span_weight;
7211 for_each_domain(cpu, tmp) {
7212 if (weight <= tmp->span_weight)
7214 if (tmp->flags & sd_flag)
7222 static inline int __select_idle_cpu(int cpu, struct task_struct *p)
7224 if ((available_idle_cpu(cpu) || sched_idle_cpu(cpu)) &&
7225 sched_cpu_cookie_match(cpu_rq(cpu), p))
7231 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
7232 DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(sched_smt_present);
7233 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sched_smt_present);
7235 static inline void set_idle_cores(int cpu, int val)
7237 struct sched_domain_shared *sds;
7239 sds = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc_shared, cpu));
7241 WRITE_ONCE(sds->has_idle_cores, val);
7244 static inline bool test_idle_cores(int cpu)
7246 struct sched_domain_shared *sds;
7248 sds = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc_shared, cpu));
7250 return READ_ONCE(sds->has_idle_cores);
7256 * Scans the local SMT mask to see if the entire core is idle, and records this
7257 * information in sd_llc_shared->has_idle_cores.
7259 * Since SMT siblings share all cache levels, inspecting this limited remote
7260 * state should be fairly cheap.
7262 void __update_idle_core(struct rq *rq)
7264 int core = cpu_of(rq);
7268 if (test_idle_cores(core))
7271 for_each_cpu(cpu, cpu_smt_mask(core)) {
7275 if (!available_idle_cpu(cpu))
7279 set_idle_cores(core, 1);
7285 * Scan the entire LLC domain for idle cores; this dynamically switches off if
7286 * there are no idle cores left in the system; tracked through
7287 * sd_llc->shared->has_idle_cores and enabled through update_idle_core() above.
7289 static int select_idle_core(struct task_struct *p, int core, struct cpumask *cpus, int *idle_cpu)
7294 for_each_cpu(cpu, cpu_smt_mask(core)) {
7295 if (!available_idle_cpu(cpu)) {
7297 if (*idle_cpu == -1) {
7298 if (sched_idle_cpu(cpu) && cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, cpus)) {
7306 if (*idle_cpu == -1 && cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, cpus))
7313 cpumask_andnot(cpus, cpus, cpu_smt_mask(core));
7318 * Scan the local SMT mask for idle CPUs.
7320 static int select_idle_smt(struct task_struct *p, struct sched_domain *sd, int target)
7324 for_each_cpu_and(cpu, cpu_smt_mask(target), p->cpus_ptr) {
7328 * Check if the CPU is in the LLC scheduling domain of @target.
7329 * Due to isolcpus, there is no guarantee that all the siblings are in the domain.
7331 if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, sched_domain_span(sd)))
7333 if (available_idle_cpu(cpu) || sched_idle_cpu(cpu))
7340 #else /* CONFIG_SCHED_SMT */
7342 static inline void set_idle_cores(int cpu, int val)
7346 static inline bool test_idle_cores(int cpu)
7351 static inline int select_idle_core(struct task_struct *p, int core, struct cpumask *cpus, int *idle_cpu)
7353 return __select_idle_cpu(core, p);
7356 static inline int select_idle_smt(struct task_struct *p, struct sched_domain *sd, int target)
7361 #endif /* CONFIG_SCHED_SMT */
7364 * Scan the LLC domain for idle CPUs; this is dynamically regulated by
7365 * comparing the average scan cost (tracked in sd->avg_scan_cost) against the
7366 * average idle time for this rq (as found in rq->avg_idle).
7368 static int select_idle_cpu(struct task_struct *p, struct sched_domain *sd, bool has_idle_core, int target)
7370 struct cpumask *cpus = this_cpu_cpumask_var_ptr(select_rq_mask);
7371 int i, cpu, idle_cpu = -1, nr = INT_MAX;
7372 struct sched_domain_shared *sd_share;
7374 cpumask_and(cpus, sched_domain_span(sd), p->cpus_ptr);
7376 if (sched_feat(SIS_UTIL)) {
7377 sd_share = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc_shared, target));
7379 /* because !--nr is the condition to stop scan */
7380 nr = READ_ONCE(sd_share->nr_idle_scan) + 1;
7381 /* overloaded LLC is unlikely to have idle cpu/core */
7387 if (static_branch_unlikely(&sched_cluster_active)) {
7388 struct sched_group *sg = sd->groups;
7390 if (sg->flags & SD_CLUSTER) {
7391 for_each_cpu_wrap(cpu, sched_group_span(sg), target + 1) {
7392 if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, cpus))
7395 if (has_idle_core) {
7396 i = select_idle_core(p, cpu, cpus, &idle_cpu);
7397 if ((unsigned int)i < nr_cpumask_bits)
7402 idle_cpu = __select_idle_cpu(cpu, p);
7403 if ((unsigned int)idle_cpu < nr_cpumask_bits)
7407 cpumask_andnot(cpus, cpus, sched_group_span(sg));
7411 for_each_cpu_wrap(cpu, cpus, target + 1) {
7412 if (has_idle_core) {
7413 i = select_idle_core(p, cpu, cpus, &idle_cpu);
7414 if ((unsigned int)i < nr_cpumask_bits)
7420 idle_cpu = __select_idle_cpu(cpu, p);
7421 if ((unsigned int)idle_cpu < nr_cpumask_bits)
7427 set_idle_cores(target, false);
7433 * Scan the asym_capacity domain for idle CPUs; pick the first idle one on which
7434 * the task fits. If no CPU is big enough, but there are idle ones, try to
7435 * maximize capacity.
7438 select_idle_capacity(struct task_struct *p, struct sched_domain *sd, int target)
7440 unsigned long task_util, util_min, util_max, best_cap = 0;
7441 int fits, best_fits = 0;
7442 int cpu, best_cpu = -1;
7443 struct cpumask *cpus;
7445 cpus = this_cpu_cpumask_var_ptr(select_rq_mask);
7446 cpumask_and(cpus, sched_domain_span(sd), p->cpus_ptr);
7448 task_util = task_util_est(p);
7449 util_min = uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MIN);
7450 util_max = uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MAX);
7452 for_each_cpu_wrap(cpu, cpus, target) {
7453 unsigned long cpu_cap = capacity_of(cpu);
7455 if (!available_idle_cpu(cpu) && !sched_idle_cpu(cpu))
7458 fits = util_fits_cpu(task_util, util_min, util_max, cpu);
7460 /* This CPU fits with all requirements */
7464 * Only the min performance hint (i.e. uclamp_min) doesn't fit.
7465 * Look for the CPU with best capacity.
7468 cpu_cap = arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu) - thermal_load_avg(cpu_rq(cpu));
7471 * First, select CPU which fits better (-1 being better than 0).
7472 * Then, select the one with best capacity at same level.
7474 if ((fits < best_fits) ||
7475 ((fits == best_fits) && (cpu_cap > best_cap))) {
7485 static inline bool asym_fits_cpu(unsigned long util,
7486 unsigned long util_min,
7487 unsigned long util_max,
7490 if (sched_asym_cpucap_active())
7492 * Return true only if the cpu fully fits the task requirements
7493 * which include the utilization and the performance hints.
7495 return (util_fits_cpu(util, util_min, util_max, cpu) > 0);
7501 * Try and locate an idle core/thread in the LLC cache domain.
7503 static int select_idle_sibling(struct task_struct *p, int prev, int target)
7505 bool has_idle_core = false;
7506 struct sched_domain *sd;
7507 unsigned long task_util, util_min, util_max;
7508 int i, recent_used_cpu, prev_aff = -1;
7511 * On asymmetric system, update task utilization because we will check
7512 * that the task fits with CPU's capacity.
7514 if (sched_asym_cpucap_active()) {
7515 sync_entity_load_avg(&p->se);
7516 task_util = task_util_est(p);
7517 util_min = uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MIN);
7518 util_max = uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MAX);
7522 * per-cpu select_rq_mask usage
7524 lockdep_assert_irqs_disabled();
7526 if ((available_idle_cpu(target) || sched_idle_cpu(target)) &&
7527 asym_fits_cpu(task_util, util_min, util_max, target))
7531 * If the previous CPU is cache affine and idle, don't be stupid:
7533 if (prev != target && cpus_share_cache(prev, target) &&
7534 (available_idle_cpu(prev) || sched_idle_cpu(prev)) &&
7535 asym_fits_cpu(task_util, util_min, util_max, prev)) {
7537 if (!static_branch_unlikely(&sched_cluster_active) ||
7538 cpus_share_resources(prev, target))
7545 * Allow a per-cpu kthread to stack with the wakee if the
7546 * kworker thread and the tasks previous CPUs are the same.
7547 * The assumption is that the wakee queued work for the
7548 * per-cpu kthread that is now complete and the wakeup is
7549 * essentially a sync wakeup. An obvious example of this
7550 * pattern is IO completions.
7552 if (is_per_cpu_kthread(current) &&
7554 prev == smp_processor_id() &&
7555 this_rq()->nr_running <= 1 &&
7556 asym_fits_cpu(task_util, util_min, util_max, prev)) {
7560 /* Check a recently used CPU as a potential idle candidate: */
7561 recent_used_cpu = p->recent_used_cpu;
7562 p->recent_used_cpu = prev;
7563 if (recent_used_cpu != prev &&
7564 recent_used_cpu != target &&
7565 cpus_share_cache(recent_used_cpu, target) &&
7566 (available_idle_cpu(recent_used_cpu) || sched_idle_cpu(recent_used_cpu)) &&
7567 cpumask_test_cpu(recent_used_cpu, p->cpus_ptr) &&
7568 asym_fits_cpu(task_util, util_min, util_max, recent_used_cpu)) {
7570 if (!static_branch_unlikely(&sched_cluster_active) ||
7571 cpus_share_resources(recent_used_cpu, target))
7572 return recent_used_cpu;
7575 recent_used_cpu = -1;
7579 * For asymmetric CPU capacity systems, our domain of interest is
7580 * sd_asym_cpucapacity rather than sd_llc.
7582 if (sched_asym_cpucap_active()) {
7583 sd = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_asym_cpucapacity, target));
7585 * On an asymmetric CPU capacity system where an exclusive
7586 * cpuset defines a symmetric island (i.e. one unique
7587 * capacity_orig value through the cpuset), the key will be set
7588 * but the CPUs within that cpuset will not have a domain with
7589 * SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY. These should follow the usual symmetric
7593 i = select_idle_capacity(p, sd, target);
7594 return ((unsigned)i < nr_cpumask_bits) ? i : target;
7598 sd = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc, target));
7602 if (sched_smt_active()) {
7603 has_idle_core = test_idle_cores(target);
7605 if (!has_idle_core && cpus_share_cache(prev, target)) {
7606 i = select_idle_smt(p, sd, prev);
7607 if ((unsigned int)i < nr_cpumask_bits)
7612 i = select_idle_cpu(p, sd, has_idle_core, target);
7613 if ((unsigned)i < nr_cpumask_bits)
7617 * For cluster machines which have lower sharing cache like L2 or
7618 * LLC Tag, we tend to find an idle CPU in the target's cluster
7619 * first. But prev_cpu or recent_used_cpu may also be a good candidate,
7620 * use them if possible when no idle CPU found in select_idle_cpu().
7622 if ((unsigned int)prev_aff < nr_cpumask_bits)
7624 if ((unsigned int)recent_used_cpu < nr_cpumask_bits)
7625 return recent_used_cpu;
7631 * cpu_util() - Estimates the amount of CPU capacity used by CFS tasks.
7632 * @cpu: the CPU to get the utilization for
7633 * @p: task for which the CPU utilization should be predicted or NULL
7634 * @dst_cpu: CPU @p migrates to, -1 if @p moves from @cpu or @p == NULL
7635 * @boost: 1 to enable boosting, otherwise 0
7637 * The unit of the return value must be the same as the one of CPU capacity
7638 * so that CPU utilization can be compared with CPU capacity.
7640 * CPU utilization is the sum of running time of runnable tasks plus the
7641 * recent utilization of currently non-runnable tasks on that CPU.
7642 * It represents the amount of CPU capacity currently used by CFS tasks in
7643 * the range [0..max CPU capacity] with max CPU capacity being the CPU
7644 * capacity at f_max.
7646 * The estimated CPU utilization is defined as the maximum between CPU
7647 * utilization and sum of the estimated utilization of the currently
7648 * runnable tasks on that CPU. It preserves a utilization "snapshot" of
7649 * previously-executed tasks, which helps better deduce how busy a CPU will
7650 * be when a long-sleeping task wakes up. The contribution to CPU utilization
7651 * of such a task would be significantly decayed at this point of time.
7653 * Boosted CPU utilization is defined as max(CPU runnable, CPU utilization).
7654 * CPU contention for CFS tasks can be detected by CPU runnable > CPU
7655 * utilization. Boosting is implemented in cpu_util() so that internal
7656 * users (e.g. EAS) can use it next to external users (e.g. schedutil),
7657 * latter via cpu_util_cfs_boost().
7659 * CPU utilization can be higher than the current CPU capacity
7660 * (f_curr/f_max * max CPU capacity) or even the max CPU capacity because
7661 * of rounding errors as well as task migrations or wakeups of new tasks.
7662 * CPU utilization has to be capped to fit into the [0..max CPU capacity]
7663 * range. Otherwise a group of CPUs (CPU0 util = 121% + CPU1 util = 80%)
7664 * could be seen as over-utilized even though CPU1 has 20% of spare CPU
7665 * capacity. CPU utilization is allowed to overshoot current CPU capacity
7666 * though since this is useful for predicting the CPU capacity required
7667 * after task migrations (scheduler-driven DVFS).
7669 * Return: (Boosted) (estimated) utilization for the specified CPU.
7671 static unsigned long
7672 cpu_util(int cpu, struct task_struct *p, int dst_cpu, int boost)
7674 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = &cpu_rq(cpu)->cfs;
7675 unsigned long util = READ_ONCE(cfs_rq->avg.util_avg);
7676 unsigned long runnable;
7679 runnable = READ_ONCE(cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg);
7680 util = max(util, runnable);
7684 * If @dst_cpu is -1 or @p migrates from @cpu to @dst_cpu remove its
7685 * contribution. If @p migrates from another CPU to @cpu add its
7686 * contribution. In all the other cases @cpu is not impacted by the
7687 * migration so its util_avg is already correct.
7689 if (p && task_cpu(p) == cpu && dst_cpu != cpu)
7690 lsub_positive(&util, task_util(p));
7691 else if (p && task_cpu(p) != cpu && dst_cpu == cpu)
7692 util += task_util(p);
7694 if (sched_feat(UTIL_EST)) {
7695 unsigned long util_est;
7697 util_est = READ_ONCE(cfs_rq->avg.util_est);
7700 * During wake-up @p isn't enqueued yet and doesn't contribute
7701 * to any cpu_rq(cpu)->cfs.avg.util_est.
7702 * If @dst_cpu == @cpu add it to "simulate" cpu_util after @p
7703 * has been enqueued.
7705 * During exec (@dst_cpu = -1) @p is enqueued and does
7706 * contribute to cpu_rq(cpu)->cfs.util_est.
7707 * Remove it to "simulate" cpu_util without @p's contribution.
7709 * Despite the task_on_rq_queued(@p) check there is still a
7710 * small window for a possible race when an exec
7711 * select_task_rq_fair() races with LB's detach_task().
7715 * p->on_rq = TASK_ON_RQ_MIGRATING;
7716 * -------------------------------- A
7718 * dequeue_task_fair() + Race Time
7719 * util_est_dequeue() /
7720 * -------------------------------- B
7722 * The additional check "current == p" is required to further
7723 * reduce the race window.
7726 util_est += _task_util_est(p);
7727 else if (p && unlikely(task_on_rq_queued(p) || current == p))
7728 lsub_positive(&util_est, _task_util_est(p));
7730 util = max(util, util_est);
7733 return min(util, arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu));
7736 unsigned long cpu_util_cfs(int cpu)
7738 return cpu_util(cpu, NULL, -1, 0);
7741 unsigned long cpu_util_cfs_boost(int cpu)
7743 return cpu_util(cpu, NULL, -1, 1);
7747 * cpu_util_without: compute cpu utilization without any contributions from *p
7748 * @cpu: the CPU which utilization is requested
7749 * @p: the task which utilization should be discounted
7751 * The utilization of a CPU is defined by the utilization of tasks currently
7752 * enqueued on that CPU as well as tasks which are currently sleeping after an
7753 * execution on that CPU.
7755 * This method returns the utilization of the specified CPU by discounting the
7756 * utilization of the specified task, whenever the task is currently
7757 * contributing to the CPU utilization.
7759 static unsigned long cpu_util_without(int cpu, struct task_struct *p)
7761 /* Task has no contribution or is new */
7762 if (cpu != task_cpu(p) || !READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.last_update_time))
7765 return cpu_util(cpu, p, -1, 0);
7769 * energy_env - Utilization landscape for energy estimation.
7770 * @task_busy_time: Utilization contribution by the task for which we test the
7771 * placement. Given by eenv_task_busy_time().
7772 * @pd_busy_time: Utilization of the whole perf domain without the task
7773 * contribution. Given by eenv_pd_busy_time().
7774 * @cpu_cap: Maximum CPU capacity for the perf domain.
7775 * @pd_cap: Entire perf domain capacity. (pd->nr_cpus * cpu_cap).
7778 unsigned long task_busy_time;
7779 unsigned long pd_busy_time;
7780 unsigned long cpu_cap;
7781 unsigned long pd_cap;
7785 * Compute the task busy time for compute_energy(). This time cannot be
7786 * injected directly into effective_cpu_util() because of the IRQ scaling.
7787 * The latter only makes sense with the most recent CPUs where the task has
7790 static inline void eenv_task_busy_time(struct energy_env *eenv,
7791 struct task_struct *p, int prev_cpu)
7793 unsigned long busy_time, max_cap = arch_scale_cpu_capacity(prev_cpu);
7794 unsigned long irq = cpu_util_irq(cpu_rq(prev_cpu));
7796 if (unlikely(irq >= max_cap))
7797 busy_time = max_cap;
7799 busy_time = scale_irq_capacity(task_util_est(p), irq, max_cap);
7801 eenv->task_busy_time = busy_time;
7805 * Compute the perf_domain (PD) busy time for compute_energy(). Based on the
7806 * utilization for each @pd_cpus, it however doesn't take into account
7807 * clamping since the ratio (utilization / cpu_capacity) is already enough to
7808 * scale the EM reported power consumption at the (eventually clamped)
7811 * The contribution of the task @p for which we want to estimate the
7812 * energy cost is removed (by cpu_util()) and must be calculated
7813 * separately (see eenv_task_busy_time). This ensures:
7815 * - A stable PD utilization, no matter which CPU of that PD we want to place
7818 * - A fair comparison between CPUs as the task contribution (task_util())
7819 * will always be the same no matter which CPU utilization we rely on
7820 * (util_avg or util_est).
7822 * Set @eenv busy time for the PD that spans @pd_cpus. This busy time can't
7823 * exceed @eenv->pd_cap.
7825 static inline void eenv_pd_busy_time(struct energy_env *eenv,
7826 struct cpumask *pd_cpus,
7827 struct task_struct *p)
7829 unsigned long busy_time = 0;
7832 for_each_cpu(cpu, pd_cpus) {
7833 unsigned long util = cpu_util(cpu, p, -1, 0);
7835 busy_time += effective_cpu_util(cpu, util, NULL, NULL);
7838 eenv->pd_busy_time = min(eenv->pd_cap, busy_time);
7842 * Compute the maximum utilization for compute_energy() when the task @p
7843 * is placed on the cpu @dst_cpu.
7845 * Returns the maximum utilization among @eenv->cpus. This utilization can't
7846 * exceed @eenv->cpu_cap.
7848 static inline unsigned long
7849 eenv_pd_max_util(struct energy_env *eenv, struct cpumask *pd_cpus,
7850 struct task_struct *p, int dst_cpu)
7852 unsigned long max_util = 0;
7855 for_each_cpu(cpu, pd_cpus) {
7856 struct task_struct *tsk = (cpu == dst_cpu) ? p : NULL;
7857 unsigned long util = cpu_util(cpu, p, dst_cpu, 1);
7858 unsigned long eff_util, min, max;
7861 * Performance domain frequency: utilization clamping
7862 * must be considered since it affects the selection
7863 * of the performance domain frequency.
7864 * NOTE: in case RT tasks are running, by default the
7865 * FREQUENCY_UTIL's utilization can be max OPP.
7867 eff_util = effective_cpu_util(cpu, util, &min, &max);
7869 /* Task's uclamp can modify min and max value */
7870 if (tsk && uclamp_is_used()) {
7871 min = max(min, uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MIN));
7874 * If there is no active max uclamp constraint,
7875 * directly use task's one, otherwise keep max.
7877 if (uclamp_rq_is_idle(cpu_rq(cpu)))
7878 max = uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MAX);
7880 max = max(max, uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MAX));
7883 eff_util = sugov_effective_cpu_perf(cpu, eff_util, min, max);
7884 max_util = max(max_util, eff_util);
7887 return min(max_util, eenv->cpu_cap);
7891 * compute_energy(): Use the Energy Model to estimate the energy that @pd would
7892 * consume for a given utilization landscape @eenv. When @dst_cpu < 0, the task
7893 * contribution is ignored.
7895 static inline unsigned long
7896 compute_energy(struct energy_env *eenv, struct perf_domain *pd,
7897 struct cpumask *pd_cpus, struct task_struct *p, int dst_cpu)
7899 unsigned long max_util = eenv_pd_max_util(eenv, pd_cpus, p, dst_cpu);
7900 unsigned long busy_time = eenv->pd_busy_time;
7901 unsigned long energy;
7904 busy_time = min(eenv->pd_cap, busy_time + eenv->task_busy_time);
7906 energy = em_cpu_energy(pd->em_pd, max_util, busy_time, eenv->cpu_cap);
7908 trace_sched_compute_energy_tp(p, dst_cpu, energy, max_util, busy_time);
7914 * find_energy_efficient_cpu(): Find most energy-efficient target CPU for the
7915 * waking task. find_energy_efficient_cpu() looks for the CPU with maximum
7916 * spare capacity in each performance domain and uses it as a potential
7917 * candidate to execute the task. Then, it uses the Energy Model to figure
7918 * out which of the CPU candidates is the most energy-efficient.
7920 * The rationale for this heuristic is as follows. In a performance domain,
7921 * all the most energy efficient CPU candidates (according to the Energy
7922 * Model) are those for which we'll request a low frequency. When there are
7923 * several CPUs for which the frequency request will be the same, we don't
7924 * have enough data to break the tie between them, because the Energy Model
7925 * only includes active power costs. With this model, if we assume that
7926 * frequency requests follow utilization (e.g. using schedutil), the CPU with
7927 * the maximum spare capacity in a performance domain is guaranteed to be among
7928 * the best candidates of the performance domain.
7930 * In practice, it could be preferable from an energy standpoint to pack
7931 * small tasks on a CPU in order to let other CPUs go in deeper idle states,
7932 * but that could also hurt our chances to go cluster idle, and we have no
7933 * ways to tell with the current Energy Model if this is actually a good
7934 * idea or not. So, find_energy_efficient_cpu() basically favors
7935 * cluster-packing, and spreading inside a cluster. That should at least be
7936 * a good thing for latency, and this is consistent with the idea that most
7937 * of the energy savings of EAS come from the asymmetry of the system, and
7938 * not so much from breaking the tie between identical CPUs. That's also the
7939 * reason why EAS is enabled in the topology code only for systems where
7940 * SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY is set.
7942 * NOTE: Forkees are not accepted in the energy-aware wake-up path because
7943 * they don't have any useful utilization data yet and it's not possible to
7944 * forecast their impact on energy consumption. Consequently, they will be
7945 * placed by sched_balance_find_dst_cpu() on the least loaded CPU, which might turn out
7946 * to be energy-inefficient in some use-cases. The alternative would be to
7947 * bias new tasks towards specific types of CPUs first, or to try to infer
7948 * their util_avg from the parent task, but those heuristics could hurt
7949 * other use-cases too. So, until someone finds a better way to solve this,
7950 * let's keep things simple by re-using the existing slow path.
7952 static int find_energy_efficient_cpu(struct task_struct *p, int prev_cpu)
7954 struct cpumask *cpus = this_cpu_cpumask_var_ptr(select_rq_mask);
7955 unsigned long prev_delta = ULONG_MAX, best_delta = ULONG_MAX;
7956 unsigned long p_util_min = uclamp_is_used() ? uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MIN) : 0;
7957 unsigned long p_util_max = uclamp_is_used() ? uclamp_eff_value(p, UCLAMP_MAX) : 1024;
7958 struct root_domain *rd = this_rq()->rd;
7959 int cpu, best_energy_cpu, target = -1;
7960 int prev_fits = -1, best_fits = -1;
7961 unsigned long best_thermal_cap = 0;
7962 unsigned long prev_thermal_cap = 0;
7963 struct sched_domain *sd;
7964 struct perf_domain *pd;
7965 struct energy_env eenv;
7968 pd = rcu_dereference(rd->pd);
7969 if (!pd || READ_ONCE(rd->overutilized))
7973 * Energy-aware wake-up happens on the lowest sched_domain starting
7974 * from sd_asym_cpucapacity spanning over this_cpu and prev_cpu.
7976 sd = rcu_dereference(*this_cpu_ptr(&sd_asym_cpucapacity));
7977 while (sd && !cpumask_test_cpu(prev_cpu, sched_domain_span(sd)))
7984 sync_entity_load_avg(&p->se);
7985 if (!task_util_est(p) && p_util_min == 0)
7988 eenv_task_busy_time(&eenv, p, prev_cpu);
7990 for (; pd; pd = pd->next) {
7991 unsigned long util_min = p_util_min, util_max = p_util_max;
7992 unsigned long cpu_cap, cpu_thermal_cap, util;
7993 long prev_spare_cap = -1, max_spare_cap = -1;
7994 unsigned long rq_util_min, rq_util_max;
7995 unsigned long cur_delta, base_energy;
7996 int max_spare_cap_cpu = -1;
7997 int fits, max_fits = -1;
7999 cpumask_and(cpus, perf_domain_span(pd), cpu_online_mask);
8001 if (cpumask_empty(cpus))
8004 /* Account thermal pressure for the energy estimation */
8005 cpu = cpumask_first(cpus);
8006 cpu_thermal_cap = arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu);
8007 cpu_thermal_cap -= arch_scale_thermal_pressure(cpu);
8009 eenv.cpu_cap = cpu_thermal_cap;
8012 for_each_cpu(cpu, cpus) {
8013 struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
8015 eenv.pd_cap += cpu_thermal_cap;
8017 if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, sched_domain_span(sd)))
8020 if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, p->cpus_ptr))
8023 util = cpu_util(cpu, p, cpu, 0);
8024 cpu_cap = capacity_of(cpu);
8027 * Skip CPUs that cannot satisfy the capacity request.
8028 * IOW, placing the task there would make the CPU
8029 * overutilized. Take uclamp into account to see how
8030 * much capacity we can get out of the CPU; this is
8031 * aligned with sched_cpu_util().
8033 if (uclamp_is_used() && !uclamp_rq_is_idle(rq)) {
8035 * Open code uclamp_rq_util_with() except for
8036 * the clamp() part. I.e.: apply max aggregation
8037 * only. util_fits_cpu() logic requires to
8038 * operate on non clamped util but must use the
8039 * max-aggregated uclamp_{min, max}.
8041 rq_util_min = uclamp_rq_get(rq, UCLAMP_MIN);
8042 rq_util_max = uclamp_rq_get(rq, UCLAMP_MAX);
8044 util_min = max(rq_util_min, p_util_min);
8045 util_max = max(rq_util_max, p_util_max);
8048 fits = util_fits_cpu(util, util_min, util_max, cpu);
8052 lsub_positive(&cpu_cap, util);
8054 if (cpu == prev_cpu) {
8055 /* Always use prev_cpu as a candidate. */
8056 prev_spare_cap = cpu_cap;
8058 } else if ((fits > max_fits) ||
8059 ((fits == max_fits) && ((long)cpu_cap > max_spare_cap))) {
8061 * Find the CPU with the maximum spare capacity
8062 * among the remaining CPUs in the performance
8065 max_spare_cap = cpu_cap;
8066 max_spare_cap_cpu = cpu;
8071 if (max_spare_cap_cpu < 0 && prev_spare_cap < 0)
8074 eenv_pd_busy_time(&eenv, cpus, p);
8075 /* Compute the 'base' energy of the pd, without @p */
8076 base_energy = compute_energy(&eenv, pd, cpus, p, -1);
8078 /* Evaluate the energy impact of using prev_cpu. */
8079 if (prev_spare_cap > -1) {
8080 prev_delta = compute_energy(&eenv, pd, cpus, p,
8082 /* CPU utilization has changed */
8083 if (prev_delta < base_energy)
8085 prev_delta -= base_energy;
8086 prev_thermal_cap = cpu_thermal_cap;
8087 best_delta = min(best_delta, prev_delta);
8090 /* Evaluate the energy impact of using max_spare_cap_cpu. */
8091 if (max_spare_cap_cpu >= 0 && max_spare_cap > prev_spare_cap) {
8092 /* Current best energy cpu fits better */
8093 if (max_fits < best_fits)
8097 * Both don't fit performance hint (i.e. uclamp_min)
8098 * but best energy cpu has better capacity.
8100 if ((max_fits < 0) &&
8101 (cpu_thermal_cap <= best_thermal_cap))
8104 cur_delta = compute_energy(&eenv, pd, cpus, p,
8106 /* CPU utilization has changed */
8107 if (cur_delta < base_energy)
8109 cur_delta -= base_energy;
8112 * Both fit for the task but best energy cpu has lower
8115 if ((max_fits > 0) && (best_fits > 0) &&
8116 (cur_delta >= best_delta))
8119 best_delta = cur_delta;
8120 best_energy_cpu = max_spare_cap_cpu;
8121 best_fits = max_fits;
8122 best_thermal_cap = cpu_thermal_cap;
8127 if ((best_fits > prev_fits) ||
8128 ((best_fits > 0) && (best_delta < prev_delta)) ||
8129 ((best_fits < 0) && (best_thermal_cap > prev_thermal_cap)))
8130 target = best_energy_cpu;
8141 * select_task_rq_fair: Select target runqueue for the waking task in domains
8142 * that have the relevant SD flag set. In practice, this is SD_BALANCE_WAKE,
8143 * SD_BALANCE_FORK, or SD_BALANCE_EXEC.
8145 * Balances load by selecting the idlest CPU in the idlest group, or under
8146 * certain conditions an idle sibling CPU if the domain has SD_WAKE_AFFINE set.
8148 * Returns the target CPU number.
8151 select_task_rq_fair(struct task_struct *p, int prev_cpu, int wake_flags)
8153 int sync = (wake_flags & WF_SYNC) && !(current->flags & PF_EXITING);
8154 struct sched_domain *tmp, *sd = NULL;
8155 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
8156 int new_cpu = prev_cpu;
8157 int want_affine = 0;
8158 /* SD_flags and WF_flags share the first nibble */
8159 int sd_flag = wake_flags & 0xF;
8162 * required for stable ->cpus_allowed
8164 lockdep_assert_held(&p->pi_lock);
8165 if (wake_flags & WF_TTWU) {
8168 if ((wake_flags & WF_CURRENT_CPU) &&
8169 cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, p->cpus_ptr))
8172 if (sched_energy_enabled()) {
8173 new_cpu = find_energy_efficient_cpu(p, prev_cpu);
8179 want_affine = !wake_wide(p) && cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, p->cpus_ptr);
8183 for_each_domain(cpu, tmp) {
8185 * If both 'cpu' and 'prev_cpu' are part of this domain,
8186 * cpu is a valid SD_WAKE_AFFINE target.
8188 if (want_affine && (tmp->flags & SD_WAKE_AFFINE) &&
8189 cpumask_test_cpu(prev_cpu, sched_domain_span(tmp))) {
8190 if (cpu != prev_cpu)
8191 new_cpu = wake_affine(tmp, p, cpu, prev_cpu, sync);
8193 sd = NULL; /* Prefer wake_affine over balance flags */
8198 * Usually only true for WF_EXEC and WF_FORK, as sched_domains
8199 * usually do not have SD_BALANCE_WAKE set. That means wakeup
8200 * will usually go to the fast path.
8202 if (tmp->flags & sd_flag)
8204 else if (!want_affine)
8210 new_cpu = sched_balance_find_dst_cpu(sd, p, cpu, prev_cpu, sd_flag);
8211 } else if (wake_flags & WF_TTWU) { /* XXX always ? */
8213 new_cpu = select_idle_sibling(p, prev_cpu, new_cpu);
8221 * Called immediately before a task is migrated to a new CPU; task_cpu(p) and
8222 * cfs_rq_of(p) references at time of call are still valid and identify the
8223 * previous CPU. The caller guarantees p->pi_lock or task_rq(p)->lock is held.
8225 static void migrate_task_rq_fair(struct task_struct *p, int new_cpu)
8227 struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
8229 if (!task_on_rq_migrating(p)) {
8230 remove_entity_load_avg(se);
8233 * Here, the task's PELT values have been updated according to
8234 * the current rq's clock. But if that clock hasn't been
8235 * updated in a while, a substantial idle time will be missed,
8236 * leading to an inflation after wake-up on the new rq.
8238 * Estimate the missing time from the cfs_rq last_update_time
8239 * and update sched_avg to improve the PELT continuity after
8242 migrate_se_pelt_lag(se);
8245 /* Tell new CPU we are migrated */
8246 se->avg.last_update_time = 0;
8248 update_scan_period(p, new_cpu);
8251 static void task_dead_fair(struct task_struct *p)
8253 remove_entity_load_avg(&p->se);
8257 balance_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev, struct rq_flags *rf)
8262 return sched_balance_newidle(rq, rf) != 0;
8264 #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
8266 static void set_next_buddy(struct sched_entity *se)
8268 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
8269 if (SCHED_WARN_ON(!se->on_rq))
8273 cfs_rq_of(se)->next = se;
8278 * Preempt the current task with a newly woken task if needed:
8280 static void check_preempt_wakeup_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int wake_flags)
8282 struct task_struct *curr = rq->curr;
8283 struct sched_entity *se = &curr->se, *pse = &p->se;
8284 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = task_cfs_rq(curr);
8285 int cse_is_idle, pse_is_idle;
8287 if (unlikely(se == pse))
8291 * This is possible from callers such as attach_tasks(), in which we
8292 * unconditionally wakeup_preempt() after an enqueue (which may have
8293 * lead to a throttle). This both saves work and prevents false
8294 * next-buddy nomination below.
8296 if (unlikely(throttled_hierarchy(cfs_rq_of(pse))))
8299 if (sched_feat(NEXT_BUDDY) && !(wake_flags & WF_FORK)) {
8300 set_next_buddy(pse);
8304 * We can come here with TIF_NEED_RESCHED already set from new task
8307 * Note: this also catches the edge-case of curr being in a throttled
8308 * group (e.g. via set_curr_task), since update_curr() (in the
8309 * enqueue of curr) will have resulted in resched being set. This
8310 * prevents us from potentially nominating it as a false LAST_BUDDY
8313 if (test_tsk_need_resched(curr))
8316 /* Idle tasks are by definition preempted by non-idle tasks. */
8317 if (unlikely(task_has_idle_policy(curr)) &&
8318 likely(!task_has_idle_policy(p)))
8322 * Batch and idle tasks do not preempt non-idle tasks (their preemption
8323 * is driven by the tick):
8325 if (unlikely(p->policy != SCHED_NORMAL) || !sched_feat(WAKEUP_PREEMPTION))
8328 find_matching_se(&se, &pse);
8331 cse_is_idle = se_is_idle(se);
8332 pse_is_idle = se_is_idle(pse);
8335 * Preempt an idle group in favor of a non-idle group (and don't preempt
8336 * in the inverse case).
8338 if (cse_is_idle && !pse_is_idle)
8340 if (cse_is_idle != pse_is_idle)
8343 cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
8344 update_curr(cfs_rq);
8347 * XXX pick_eevdf(cfs_rq) != se ?
8349 if (pick_eevdf(cfs_rq) == pse)
8359 static struct task_struct *pick_task_fair(struct rq *rq)
8361 struct sched_entity *se;
8362 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
8366 if (!cfs_rq->nr_running)
8370 struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq->curr;
8372 /* When we pick for a remote RQ, we'll not have done put_prev_entity() */
8375 update_curr(cfs_rq);
8379 if (unlikely(check_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq)))
8383 se = pick_next_entity(cfs_rq);
8384 cfs_rq = group_cfs_rq(se);
8391 struct task_struct *
8392 pick_next_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev, struct rq_flags *rf)
8394 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = &rq->cfs;
8395 struct sched_entity *se;
8396 struct task_struct *p;
8400 if (!sched_fair_runnable(rq))
8403 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
8404 if (!prev || prev->sched_class != &fair_sched_class)
8408 * Because of the set_next_buddy() in dequeue_task_fair() it is rather
8409 * likely that a next task is from the same cgroup as the current.
8411 * Therefore attempt to avoid putting and setting the entire cgroup
8412 * hierarchy, only change the part that actually changes.
8416 struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq->curr;
8419 * Since we got here without doing put_prev_entity() we also
8420 * have to consider cfs_rq->curr. If it is still a runnable
8421 * entity, update_curr() will update its vruntime, otherwise
8422 * forget we've ever seen it.
8426 update_curr(cfs_rq);
8431 * This call to check_cfs_rq_runtime() will do the
8432 * throttle and dequeue its entity in the parent(s).
8433 * Therefore the nr_running test will indeed
8436 if (unlikely(check_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq))) {
8439 if (!cfs_rq->nr_running)
8446 se = pick_next_entity(cfs_rq);
8447 cfs_rq = group_cfs_rq(se);
8453 * Since we haven't yet done put_prev_entity and if the selected task
8454 * is a different task than we started out with, try and touch the
8455 * least amount of cfs_rqs.
8458 struct sched_entity *pse = &prev->se;
8460 while (!(cfs_rq = is_same_group(se, pse))) {
8461 int se_depth = se->depth;
8462 int pse_depth = pse->depth;
8464 if (se_depth <= pse_depth) {
8465 put_prev_entity(cfs_rq_of(pse), pse);
8466 pse = parent_entity(pse);
8468 if (se_depth >= pse_depth) {
8469 set_next_entity(cfs_rq_of(se), se);
8470 se = parent_entity(se);
8474 put_prev_entity(cfs_rq, pse);
8475 set_next_entity(cfs_rq, se);
8482 put_prev_task(rq, prev);
8485 se = pick_next_entity(cfs_rq);
8486 set_next_entity(cfs_rq, se);
8487 cfs_rq = group_cfs_rq(se);
8492 done: __maybe_unused;
8495 * Move the next running task to the front of
8496 * the list, so our cfs_tasks list becomes MRU
8499 list_move(&p->se.group_node, &rq->cfs_tasks);
8502 if (hrtick_enabled_fair(rq))
8503 hrtick_start_fair(rq, p);
8505 update_misfit_status(p, rq);
8506 sched_fair_update_stop_tick(rq, p);
8514 new_tasks = sched_balance_newidle(rq, rf);
8517 * Because sched_balance_newidle() releases (and re-acquires) rq->lock, it is
8518 * possible for any higher priority task to appear. In that case we
8519 * must re-start the pick_next_entity() loop.
8528 * rq is about to be idle, check if we need to update the
8529 * lost_idle_time of clock_pelt
8531 update_idle_rq_clock_pelt(rq);
8536 static struct task_struct *__pick_next_task_fair(struct rq *rq)
8538 return pick_next_task_fair(rq, NULL, NULL);
8542 * Account for a descheduled task:
8544 static void put_prev_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev)
8546 struct sched_entity *se = &prev->se;
8547 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
8549 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
8550 cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
8551 put_prev_entity(cfs_rq, se);
8556 * sched_yield() is very simple
8558 static void yield_task_fair(struct rq *rq)
8560 struct task_struct *curr = rq->curr;
8561 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = task_cfs_rq(curr);
8562 struct sched_entity *se = &curr->se;
8565 * Are we the only task in the tree?
8567 if (unlikely(rq->nr_running == 1))
8570 clear_buddies(cfs_rq, se);
8572 update_rq_clock(rq);
8574 * Update run-time statistics of the 'current'.
8576 update_curr(cfs_rq);
8578 * Tell update_rq_clock() that we've just updated,
8579 * so we don't do microscopic update in schedule()
8580 * and double the fastpath cost.
8582 rq_clock_skip_update(rq);
8584 se->deadline += calc_delta_fair(se->slice, se);
8587 static bool yield_to_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
8589 struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
8591 /* throttled hierarchies are not runnable */
8592 if (!se->on_rq || throttled_hierarchy(cfs_rq_of(se)))
8595 /* Tell the scheduler that we'd really like se to run next. */
8598 yield_task_fair(rq);
8604 /**************************************************
8605 * Fair scheduling class load-balancing methods.
8609 * The purpose of load-balancing is to achieve the same basic fairness the
8610 * per-CPU scheduler provides, namely provide a proportional amount of compute
8611 * time to each task. This is expressed in the following equation:
8613 * W_i,n/P_i == W_j,n/P_j for all i,j (1)
8615 * Where W_i,n is the n-th weight average for CPU i. The instantaneous weight
8616 * W_i,0 is defined as:
8618 * W_i,0 = \Sum_j w_i,j (2)
8620 * Where w_i,j is the weight of the j-th runnable task on CPU i. This weight
8621 * is derived from the nice value as per sched_prio_to_weight[].
8623 * The weight average is an exponential decay average of the instantaneous
8626 * W'_i,n = (2^n - 1) / 2^n * W_i,n + 1 / 2^n * W_i,0 (3)
8628 * C_i is the compute capacity of CPU i, typically it is the
8629 * fraction of 'recent' time available for SCHED_OTHER task execution. But it
8630 * can also include other factors [XXX].
8632 * To achieve this balance we define a measure of imbalance which follows
8633 * directly from (1):
8635 * imb_i,j = max{ avg(W/C), W_i/C_i } - min{ avg(W/C), W_j/C_j } (4)
8637 * We them move tasks around to minimize the imbalance. In the continuous
8638 * function space it is obvious this converges, in the discrete case we get
8639 * a few fun cases generally called infeasible weight scenarios.
8642 * - infeasible weights;
8643 * - local vs global optima in the discrete case. ]
8648 * In order to solve the imbalance equation (4), and avoid the obvious O(n^2)
8649 * for all i,j solution, we create a tree of CPUs that follows the hardware
8650 * topology where each level pairs two lower groups (or better). This results
8651 * in O(log n) layers. Furthermore we reduce the number of CPUs going up the
8652 * tree to only the first of the previous level and we decrease the frequency
8653 * of load-balance at each level inv. proportional to the number of CPUs in
8659 * \Sum { --- * --- * 2^i } = O(n) (5)
8661 * `- size of each group
8662 * | | `- number of CPUs doing load-balance
8664 * `- sum over all levels
8666 * Coupled with a limit on how many tasks we can migrate every balance pass,
8667 * this makes (5) the runtime complexity of the balancer.
8669 * An important property here is that each CPU is still (indirectly) connected
8670 * to every other CPU in at most O(log n) steps:
8672 * The adjacency matrix of the resulting graph is given by:
8675 * A_i,j = \Union (i % 2^k == 0) && i / 2^(k+1) == j / 2^(k+1) (6)
8678 * And you'll find that:
8680 * A^(log_2 n)_i,j != 0 for all i,j (7)
8682 * Showing there's indeed a path between every CPU in at most O(log n) steps.
8683 * The task movement gives a factor of O(m), giving a convergence complexity
8686 * O(nm log n), n := nr_cpus, m := nr_tasks (8)
8691 * In order to avoid CPUs going idle while there's still work to do, new idle
8692 * balancing is more aggressive and has the newly idle CPU iterate up the domain
8693 * tree itself instead of relying on other CPUs to bring it work.
8695 * This adds some complexity to both (5) and (8) but it reduces the total idle
8703 * Cgroups make a horror show out of (2), instead of a simple sum we get:
8706 * W_i,0 = \Sum_j \Prod_k w_k * ----- (9)
8711 * s_k,i = \Sum_j w_i,j,k and S_k = \Sum_i s_k,i (10)
8713 * w_i,j,k is the weight of the j-th runnable task in the k-th cgroup on CPU i.
8715 * The big problem is S_k, its a global sum needed to compute a local (W_i)
8718 * [XXX write more on how we solve this.. _after_ merging pjt's patches that
8719 * rewrite all of this once again.]
8722 static unsigned long __read_mostly max_load_balance_interval = HZ/10;
8724 enum fbq_type { regular, remote, all };
8727 * 'group_type' describes the group of CPUs at the moment of load balancing.
8729 * The enum is ordered by pulling priority, with the group with lowest priority
8730 * first so the group_type can simply be compared when selecting the busiest
8731 * group. See update_sd_pick_busiest().
8734 /* The group has spare capacity that can be used to run more tasks. */
8735 group_has_spare = 0,
8737 * The group is fully used and the tasks don't compete for more CPU
8738 * cycles. Nevertheless, some tasks might wait before running.
8742 * One task doesn't fit with CPU's capacity and must be migrated to a
8743 * more powerful CPU.
8747 * Balance SMT group that's fully busy. Can benefit from migration
8748 * a task on SMT with busy sibling to another CPU on idle core.
8752 * SD_ASYM_PACKING only: One local CPU with higher capacity is available,
8753 * and the task should be migrated to it instead of running on the
8758 * The tasks' affinity constraints previously prevented the scheduler
8759 * from balancing the load across the system.
8763 * The CPU is overloaded and can't provide expected CPU cycles to all
8769 enum migration_type {
8776 #define LBF_ALL_PINNED 0x01
8777 #define LBF_NEED_BREAK 0x02
8778 #define LBF_DST_PINNED 0x04
8779 #define LBF_SOME_PINNED 0x08
8780 #define LBF_ACTIVE_LB 0x10
8783 struct sched_domain *sd;
8791 struct cpumask *dst_grpmask;
8793 enum cpu_idle_type idle;
8795 /* The set of CPUs under consideration for load-balancing */
8796 struct cpumask *cpus;
8801 unsigned int loop_break;
8802 unsigned int loop_max;
8804 enum fbq_type fbq_type;
8805 enum migration_type migration_type;
8806 struct list_head tasks;
8810 * Is this task likely cache-hot:
8812 static int task_hot(struct task_struct *p, struct lb_env *env)
8816 lockdep_assert_rq_held(env->src_rq);
8818 if (p->sched_class != &fair_sched_class)
8821 if (unlikely(task_has_idle_policy(p)))
8824 /* SMT siblings share cache */
8825 if (env->sd->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY)
8829 * Buddy candidates are cache hot:
8831 if (sched_feat(CACHE_HOT_BUDDY) && env->dst_rq->nr_running &&
8832 (&p->se == cfs_rq_of(&p->se)->next))
8835 if (sysctl_sched_migration_cost == -1)
8839 * Don't migrate task if the task's cookie does not match
8840 * with the destination CPU's core cookie.
8842 if (!sched_core_cookie_match(cpu_rq(env->dst_cpu), p))
8845 if (sysctl_sched_migration_cost == 0)
8848 delta = rq_clock_task(env->src_rq) - p->se.exec_start;
8850 return delta < (s64)sysctl_sched_migration_cost;
8853 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
8855 * Returns 1, if task migration degrades locality
8856 * Returns 0, if task migration improves locality i.e migration preferred.
8857 * Returns -1, if task migration is not affected by locality.
8859 static int migrate_degrades_locality(struct task_struct *p, struct lb_env *env)
8861 struct numa_group *numa_group = rcu_dereference(p->numa_group);
8862 unsigned long src_weight, dst_weight;
8863 int src_nid, dst_nid, dist;
8865 if (!static_branch_likely(&sched_numa_balancing))
8868 if (!p->numa_faults || !(env->sd->flags & SD_NUMA))
8871 src_nid = cpu_to_node(env->src_cpu);
8872 dst_nid = cpu_to_node(env->dst_cpu);
8874 if (src_nid == dst_nid)
8877 /* Migrating away from the preferred node is always bad. */
8878 if (src_nid == p->numa_preferred_nid) {
8879 if (env->src_rq->nr_running > env->src_rq->nr_preferred_running)
8885 /* Encourage migration to the preferred node. */
8886 if (dst_nid == p->numa_preferred_nid)
8889 /* Leaving a core idle is often worse than degrading locality. */
8890 if (env->idle == CPU_IDLE)
8893 dist = node_distance(src_nid, dst_nid);
8895 src_weight = group_weight(p, src_nid, dist);
8896 dst_weight = group_weight(p, dst_nid, dist);
8898 src_weight = task_weight(p, src_nid, dist);
8899 dst_weight = task_weight(p, dst_nid, dist);
8902 return dst_weight < src_weight;
8906 static inline int migrate_degrades_locality(struct task_struct *p,
8914 * can_migrate_task - may task p from runqueue rq be migrated to this_cpu?
8917 int can_migrate_task(struct task_struct *p, struct lb_env *env)
8921 lockdep_assert_rq_held(env->src_rq);
8924 * We do not migrate tasks that are:
8925 * 1) throttled_lb_pair, or
8926 * 2) cannot be migrated to this CPU due to cpus_ptr, or
8927 * 3) running (obviously), or
8928 * 4) are cache-hot on their current CPU.
8930 if (throttled_lb_pair(task_group(p), env->src_cpu, env->dst_cpu))
8933 /* Disregard percpu kthreads; they are where they need to be. */
8934 if (kthread_is_per_cpu(p))
8937 if (!cpumask_test_cpu(env->dst_cpu, p->cpus_ptr)) {
8940 schedstat_inc(p->stats.nr_failed_migrations_affine);
8942 env->flags |= LBF_SOME_PINNED;
8945 * Remember if this task can be migrated to any other CPU in
8946 * our sched_group. We may want to revisit it if we couldn't
8947 * meet load balance goals by pulling other tasks on src_cpu.
8949 * Avoid computing new_dst_cpu
8951 * - if we have already computed one in current iteration
8952 * - if it's an active balance
8954 if (env->idle == CPU_NEWLY_IDLE ||
8955 env->flags & (LBF_DST_PINNED | LBF_ACTIVE_LB))
8958 /* Prevent to re-select dst_cpu via env's CPUs: */
8959 for_each_cpu_and(cpu, env->dst_grpmask, env->cpus) {
8960 if (cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, p->cpus_ptr)) {
8961 env->flags |= LBF_DST_PINNED;
8962 env->new_dst_cpu = cpu;
8970 /* Record that we found at least one task that could run on dst_cpu */
8971 env->flags &= ~LBF_ALL_PINNED;
8973 if (task_on_cpu(env->src_rq, p)) {
8974 schedstat_inc(p->stats.nr_failed_migrations_running);
8979 * Aggressive migration if:
8981 * 2) destination numa is preferred
8982 * 3) task is cache cold, or
8983 * 4) too many balance attempts have failed.
8985 if (env->flags & LBF_ACTIVE_LB)
8988 tsk_cache_hot = migrate_degrades_locality(p, env);
8989 if (tsk_cache_hot == -1)
8990 tsk_cache_hot = task_hot(p, env);
8992 if (tsk_cache_hot <= 0 ||
8993 env->sd->nr_balance_failed > env->sd->cache_nice_tries) {
8994 if (tsk_cache_hot == 1) {
8995 schedstat_inc(env->sd->lb_hot_gained[env->idle]);
8996 schedstat_inc(p->stats.nr_forced_migrations);
9001 schedstat_inc(p->stats.nr_failed_migrations_hot);
9006 * detach_task() -- detach the task for the migration specified in env
9008 static void detach_task(struct task_struct *p, struct lb_env *env)
9010 lockdep_assert_rq_held(env->src_rq);
9012 deactivate_task(env->src_rq, p, DEQUEUE_NOCLOCK);
9013 set_task_cpu(p, env->dst_cpu);
9017 * detach_one_task() -- tries to dequeue exactly one task from env->src_rq, as
9018 * part of active balancing operations within "domain".
9020 * Returns a task if successful and NULL otherwise.
9022 static struct task_struct *detach_one_task(struct lb_env *env)
9024 struct task_struct *p;
9026 lockdep_assert_rq_held(env->src_rq);
9028 list_for_each_entry_reverse(p,
9029 &env->src_rq->cfs_tasks, se.group_node) {
9030 if (!can_migrate_task(p, env))
9033 detach_task(p, env);
9036 * Right now, this is only the second place where
9037 * lb_gained[env->idle] is updated (other is detach_tasks)
9038 * so we can safely collect stats here rather than
9039 * inside detach_tasks().
9041 schedstat_inc(env->sd->lb_gained[env->idle]);
9048 * detach_tasks() -- tries to detach up to imbalance load/util/tasks from
9049 * busiest_rq, as part of a balancing operation within domain "sd".
9051 * Returns number of detached tasks if successful and 0 otherwise.
9053 static int detach_tasks(struct lb_env *env)
9055 struct list_head *tasks = &env->src_rq->cfs_tasks;
9056 unsigned long util, load;
9057 struct task_struct *p;
9060 lockdep_assert_rq_held(env->src_rq);
9063 * Source run queue has been emptied by another CPU, clear
9064 * LBF_ALL_PINNED flag as we will not test any task.
9066 if (env->src_rq->nr_running <= 1) {
9067 env->flags &= ~LBF_ALL_PINNED;
9071 if (env->imbalance <= 0)
9074 while (!list_empty(tasks)) {
9076 * We don't want to steal all, otherwise we may be treated likewise,
9077 * which could at worst lead to a livelock crash.
9079 if (env->idle && env->src_rq->nr_running <= 1)
9084 * We've more or less seen every task there is, call it quits
9085 * unless we haven't found any movable task yet.
9087 if (env->loop > env->loop_max &&
9088 !(env->flags & LBF_ALL_PINNED))
9091 /* take a breather every nr_migrate tasks */
9092 if (env->loop > env->loop_break) {
9093 env->loop_break += SCHED_NR_MIGRATE_BREAK;
9094 env->flags |= LBF_NEED_BREAK;
9098 p = list_last_entry(tasks, struct task_struct, se.group_node);
9100 if (!can_migrate_task(p, env))
9103 switch (env->migration_type) {
9106 * Depending of the number of CPUs and tasks and the
9107 * cgroup hierarchy, task_h_load() can return a null
9108 * value. Make sure that env->imbalance decreases
9109 * otherwise detach_tasks() will stop only after
9110 * detaching up to loop_max tasks.
9112 load = max_t(unsigned long, task_h_load(p), 1);
9114 if (sched_feat(LB_MIN) &&
9115 load < 16 && !env->sd->nr_balance_failed)
9119 * Make sure that we don't migrate too much load.
9120 * Nevertheless, let relax the constraint if
9121 * scheduler fails to find a good waiting task to
9124 if (shr_bound(load, env->sd->nr_balance_failed) > env->imbalance)
9127 env->imbalance -= load;
9131 util = task_util_est(p);
9133 if (shr_bound(util, env->sd->nr_balance_failed) > env->imbalance)
9136 env->imbalance -= util;
9143 case migrate_misfit:
9144 /* This is not a misfit task */
9145 if (task_fits_cpu(p, env->src_cpu))
9152 detach_task(p, env);
9153 list_add(&p->se.group_node, &env->tasks);
9157 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPTION
9159 * NEWIDLE balancing is a source of latency, so preemptible
9160 * kernels will stop after the first task is detached to minimize
9161 * the critical section.
9163 if (env->idle == CPU_NEWLY_IDLE)
9168 * We only want to steal up to the prescribed amount of
9171 if (env->imbalance <= 0)
9176 list_move(&p->se.group_node, tasks);
9180 * Right now, this is one of only two places we collect this stat
9181 * so we can safely collect detach_one_task() stats here rather
9182 * than inside detach_one_task().
9184 schedstat_add(env->sd->lb_gained[env->idle], detached);
9190 * attach_task() -- attach the task detached by detach_task() to its new rq.
9192 static void attach_task(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
9194 lockdep_assert_rq_held(rq);
9196 WARN_ON_ONCE(task_rq(p) != rq);
9197 activate_task(rq, p, ENQUEUE_NOCLOCK);
9198 wakeup_preempt(rq, p, 0);
9202 * attach_one_task() -- attaches the task returned from detach_one_task() to
9205 static void attach_one_task(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
9210 update_rq_clock(rq);
9216 * attach_tasks() -- attaches all tasks detached by detach_tasks() to their
9219 static void attach_tasks(struct lb_env *env)
9221 struct list_head *tasks = &env->tasks;
9222 struct task_struct *p;
9225 rq_lock(env->dst_rq, &rf);
9226 update_rq_clock(env->dst_rq);
9228 while (!list_empty(tasks)) {
9229 p = list_first_entry(tasks, struct task_struct, se.group_node);
9230 list_del_init(&p->se.group_node);
9232 attach_task(env->dst_rq, p);
9235 rq_unlock(env->dst_rq, &rf);
9238 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON
9239 static inline bool cfs_rq_has_blocked(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
9241 if (cfs_rq->avg.load_avg)
9244 if (cfs_rq->avg.util_avg)
9250 static inline bool others_have_blocked(struct rq *rq)
9252 if (cpu_util_rt(rq))
9255 if (cpu_util_dl(rq))
9258 if (thermal_load_avg(rq))
9261 if (cpu_util_irq(rq))
9267 static inline void update_blocked_load_tick(struct rq *rq)
9269 WRITE_ONCE(rq->last_blocked_load_update_tick, jiffies);
9272 static inline void update_blocked_load_status(struct rq *rq, bool has_blocked)
9275 rq->has_blocked_load = 0;
9278 static inline bool cfs_rq_has_blocked(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq) { return false; }
9279 static inline bool others_have_blocked(struct rq *rq) { return false; }
9280 static inline void update_blocked_load_tick(struct rq *rq) {}
9281 static inline void update_blocked_load_status(struct rq *rq, bool has_blocked) {}
9284 static bool __update_blocked_others(struct rq *rq, bool *done)
9286 const struct sched_class *curr_class;
9287 u64 now = rq_clock_pelt(rq);
9288 unsigned long thermal_pressure;
9292 * update_load_avg() can call cpufreq_update_util(). Make sure that RT,
9293 * DL and IRQ signals have been updated before updating CFS.
9295 curr_class = rq->curr->sched_class;
9297 thermal_pressure = arch_scale_thermal_pressure(cpu_of(rq));
9299 decayed = update_rt_rq_load_avg(now, rq, curr_class == &rt_sched_class) |
9300 update_dl_rq_load_avg(now, rq, curr_class == &dl_sched_class) |
9301 update_thermal_load_avg(rq_clock_thermal(rq), rq, thermal_pressure) |
9302 update_irq_load_avg(rq, 0);
9304 if (others_have_blocked(rq))
9310 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
9312 static bool __update_blocked_fair(struct rq *rq, bool *done)
9314 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, *pos;
9315 bool decayed = false;
9316 int cpu = cpu_of(rq);
9319 * Iterates the task_group tree in a bottom up fashion, see
9320 * list_add_leaf_cfs_rq() for details.
9322 for_each_leaf_cfs_rq_safe(rq, cfs_rq, pos) {
9323 struct sched_entity *se;
9325 if (update_cfs_rq_load_avg(cfs_rq_clock_pelt(cfs_rq), cfs_rq)) {
9326 update_tg_load_avg(cfs_rq);
9328 if (cfs_rq->nr_running == 0)
9329 update_idle_cfs_rq_clock_pelt(cfs_rq);
9331 if (cfs_rq == &rq->cfs)
9335 /* Propagate pending load changes to the parent, if any: */
9336 se = cfs_rq->tg->se[cpu];
9337 if (se && !skip_blocked_update(se))
9338 update_load_avg(cfs_rq_of(se), se, UPDATE_TG);
9341 * There can be a lot of idle CPU cgroups. Don't let fully
9342 * decayed cfs_rqs linger on the list.
9344 if (cfs_rq_is_decayed(cfs_rq))
9345 list_del_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
9347 /* Don't need periodic decay once load/util_avg are null */
9348 if (cfs_rq_has_blocked(cfs_rq))
9356 * Compute the hierarchical load factor for cfs_rq and all its ascendants.
9357 * This needs to be done in a top-down fashion because the load of a child
9358 * group is a fraction of its parents load.
9360 static void update_cfs_rq_h_load(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
9362 struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
9363 struct sched_entity *se = cfs_rq->tg->se[cpu_of(rq)];
9364 unsigned long now = jiffies;
9367 if (cfs_rq->last_h_load_update == now)
9370 WRITE_ONCE(cfs_rq->h_load_next, NULL);
9371 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
9372 cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
9373 WRITE_ONCE(cfs_rq->h_load_next, se);
9374 if (cfs_rq->last_h_load_update == now)
9379 cfs_rq->h_load = cfs_rq_load_avg(cfs_rq);
9380 cfs_rq->last_h_load_update = now;
9383 while ((se = READ_ONCE(cfs_rq->h_load_next)) != NULL) {
9384 load = cfs_rq->h_load;
9385 load = div64_ul(load * se->avg.load_avg,
9386 cfs_rq_load_avg(cfs_rq) + 1);
9387 cfs_rq = group_cfs_rq(se);
9388 cfs_rq->h_load = load;
9389 cfs_rq->last_h_load_update = now;
9393 static unsigned long task_h_load(struct task_struct *p)
9395 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = task_cfs_rq(p);
9397 update_cfs_rq_h_load(cfs_rq);
9398 return div64_ul(p->se.avg.load_avg * cfs_rq->h_load,
9399 cfs_rq_load_avg(cfs_rq) + 1);
9402 static bool __update_blocked_fair(struct rq *rq, bool *done)
9404 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = &rq->cfs;
9407 decayed = update_cfs_rq_load_avg(cfs_rq_clock_pelt(cfs_rq), cfs_rq);
9408 if (cfs_rq_has_blocked(cfs_rq))
9414 static unsigned long task_h_load(struct task_struct *p)
9416 return p->se.avg.load_avg;
9420 static void sched_balance_update_blocked_averages(int cpu)
9422 bool decayed = false, done = true;
9423 struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
9426 rq_lock_irqsave(rq, &rf);
9427 update_blocked_load_tick(rq);
9428 update_rq_clock(rq);
9430 decayed |= __update_blocked_others(rq, &done);
9431 decayed |= __update_blocked_fair(rq, &done);
9433 update_blocked_load_status(rq, !done);
9435 cpufreq_update_util(rq, 0);
9436 rq_unlock_irqrestore(rq, &rf);
9439 /********** Helpers for sched_balance_find_src_group ************************/
9442 * sg_lb_stats - stats of a sched_group required for load-balancing:
9444 struct sg_lb_stats {
9445 unsigned long avg_load; /* Avg load over the CPUs of the group */
9446 unsigned long group_load; /* Total load over the CPUs of the group */
9447 unsigned long group_capacity; /* Capacity over the CPUs of the group */
9448 unsigned long group_util; /* Total utilization over the CPUs of the group */
9449 unsigned long group_runnable; /* Total runnable time over the CPUs of the group */
9450 unsigned int sum_nr_running; /* Nr of all tasks running in the group */
9451 unsigned int sum_h_nr_running; /* Nr of CFS tasks running in the group */
9452 unsigned int idle_cpus; /* Nr of idle CPUs in the group */
9453 unsigned int group_weight;
9454 enum group_type group_type;
9455 unsigned int group_asym_packing; /* Tasks should be moved to preferred CPU */
9456 unsigned int group_smt_balance; /* Task on busy SMT be moved */
9457 unsigned long group_misfit_task_load; /* A CPU has a task too big for its capacity */
9458 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
9459 unsigned int nr_numa_running;
9460 unsigned int nr_preferred_running;
9465 * sd_lb_stats - stats of a sched_domain required for load-balancing:
9467 struct sd_lb_stats {
9468 struct sched_group *busiest; /* Busiest group in this sd */
9469 struct sched_group *local; /* Local group in this sd */
9470 unsigned long total_load; /* Total load of all groups in sd */
9471 unsigned long total_capacity; /* Total capacity of all groups in sd */
9472 unsigned long avg_load; /* Average load across all groups in sd */
9473 unsigned int prefer_sibling; /* Tasks should go to sibling first */
9475 struct sg_lb_stats busiest_stat; /* Statistics of the busiest group */
9476 struct sg_lb_stats local_stat; /* Statistics of the local group */
9479 static inline void init_sd_lb_stats(struct sd_lb_stats *sds)
9482 * Skimp on the clearing to avoid duplicate work. We can avoid clearing
9483 * local_stat because update_sg_lb_stats() does a full clear/assignment.
9484 * We must however set busiest_stat::group_type and
9485 * busiest_stat::idle_cpus to the worst busiest group because
9486 * update_sd_pick_busiest() reads these before assignment.
9488 *sds = (struct sd_lb_stats){
9492 .total_capacity = 0UL,
9494 .idle_cpus = UINT_MAX,
9495 .group_type = group_has_spare,
9500 static unsigned long scale_rt_capacity(int cpu)
9502 struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
9503 unsigned long max = arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu);
9504 unsigned long used, free;
9507 irq = cpu_util_irq(rq);
9509 if (unlikely(irq >= max))
9513 * avg_rt.util_avg and avg_dl.util_avg track binary signals
9514 * (running and not running) with weights 0 and 1024 respectively.
9515 * avg_thermal.load_avg tracks thermal pressure and the weighted
9516 * average uses the actual delta max capacity(load).
9518 used = cpu_util_rt(rq);
9519 used += cpu_util_dl(rq);
9520 used += thermal_load_avg(rq);
9522 if (unlikely(used >= max))
9527 return scale_irq_capacity(free, irq, max);
9530 static void update_cpu_capacity(struct sched_domain *sd, int cpu)
9532 unsigned long capacity = scale_rt_capacity(cpu);
9533 struct sched_group *sdg = sd->groups;
9538 cpu_rq(cpu)->cpu_capacity = capacity;
9539 trace_sched_cpu_capacity_tp(cpu_rq(cpu));
9541 sdg->sgc->capacity = capacity;
9542 sdg->sgc->min_capacity = capacity;
9543 sdg->sgc->max_capacity = capacity;
9546 void update_group_capacity(struct sched_domain *sd, int cpu)
9548 struct sched_domain *child = sd->child;
9549 struct sched_group *group, *sdg = sd->groups;
9550 unsigned long capacity, min_capacity, max_capacity;
9551 unsigned long interval;
9553 interval = msecs_to_jiffies(sd->balance_interval);
9554 interval = clamp(interval, 1UL, max_load_balance_interval);
9555 sdg->sgc->next_update = jiffies + interval;
9558 update_cpu_capacity(sd, cpu);
9563 min_capacity = ULONG_MAX;
9566 if (child->flags & SD_OVERLAP) {
9568 * SD_OVERLAP domains cannot assume that child groups
9569 * span the current group.
9572 for_each_cpu(cpu, sched_group_span(sdg)) {
9573 unsigned long cpu_cap = capacity_of(cpu);
9575 capacity += cpu_cap;
9576 min_capacity = min(cpu_cap, min_capacity);
9577 max_capacity = max(cpu_cap, max_capacity);
9581 * !SD_OVERLAP domains can assume that child groups
9582 * span the current group.
9585 group = child->groups;
9587 struct sched_group_capacity *sgc = group->sgc;
9589 capacity += sgc->capacity;
9590 min_capacity = min(sgc->min_capacity, min_capacity);
9591 max_capacity = max(sgc->max_capacity, max_capacity);
9592 group = group->next;
9593 } while (group != child->groups);
9596 sdg->sgc->capacity = capacity;
9597 sdg->sgc->min_capacity = min_capacity;
9598 sdg->sgc->max_capacity = max_capacity;
9602 * Check whether the capacity of the rq has been noticeably reduced by side
9603 * activity. The imbalance_pct is used for the threshold.
9604 * Return true is the capacity is reduced
9607 check_cpu_capacity(struct rq *rq, struct sched_domain *sd)
9609 return ((rq->cpu_capacity * sd->imbalance_pct) <
9610 (arch_scale_cpu_capacity(cpu_of(rq)) * 100));
9614 * Check whether a rq has a misfit task and if it looks like we can actually
9615 * help that task: we can migrate the task to a CPU of higher capacity, or
9616 * the task's current CPU is heavily pressured.
9618 static inline int check_misfit_status(struct rq *rq, struct sched_domain *sd)
9620 return rq->misfit_task_load &&
9621 (arch_scale_cpu_capacity(rq->cpu) < rq->rd->max_cpu_capacity ||
9622 check_cpu_capacity(rq, sd));
9626 * Group imbalance indicates (and tries to solve) the problem where balancing
9627 * groups is inadequate due to ->cpus_ptr constraints.
9629 * Imagine a situation of two groups of 4 CPUs each and 4 tasks each with a
9630 * cpumask covering 1 CPU of the first group and 3 CPUs of the second group.
9633 * { 0 1 2 3 } { 4 5 6 7 }
9636 * If we were to balance group-wise we'd place two tasks in the first group and
9637 * two tasks in the second group. Clearly this is undesired as it will overload
9638 * cpu 3 and leave one of the CPUs in the second group unused.
9640 * The current solution to this issue is detecting the skew in the first group
9641 * by noticing the lower domain failed to reach balance and had difficulty
9642 * moving tasks due to affinity constraints.
9644 * When this is so detected; this group becomes a candidate for busiest; see
9645 * update_sd_pick_busiest(). And calculate_imbalance() and
9646 * sched_balance_find_src_group() avoid some of the usual balance conditions to allow it
9647 * to create an effective group imbalance.
9649 * This is a somewhat tricky proposition since the next run might not find the
9650 * group imbalance and decide the groups need to be balanced again. A most
9651 * subtle and fragile situation.
9654 static inline int sg_imbalanced(struct sched_group *group)
9656 return group->sgc->imbalance;
9660 * group_has_capacity returns true if the group has spare capacity that could
9661 * be used by some tasks.
9662 * We consider that a group has spare capacity if the number of task is
9663 * smaller than the number of CPUs or if the utilization is lower than the
9664 * available capacity for CFS tasks.
9665 * For the latter, we use a threshold to stabilize the state, to take into
9666 * account the variance of the tasks' load and to return true if the available
9667 * capacity in meaningful for the load balancer.
9668 * As an example, an available capacity of 1% can appear but it doesn't make
9669 * any benefit for the load balance.
9672 group_has_capacity(unsigned int imbalance_pct, struct sg_lb_stats *sgs)
9674 if (sgs->sum_nr_running < sgs->group_weight)
9677 if ((sgs->group_capacity * imbalance_pct) <
9678 (sgs->group_runnable * 100))
9681 if ((sgs->group_capacity * 100) >
9682 (sgs->group_util * imbalance_pct))
9689 * group_is_overloaded returns true if the group has more tasks than it can
9691 * group_is_overloaded is not equals to !group_has_capacity because a group
9692 * with the exact right number of tasks, has no more spare capacity but is not
9693 * overloaded so both group_has_capacity and group_is_overloaded return
9697 group_is_overloaded(unsigned int imbalance_pct, struct sg_lb_stats *sgs)
9699 if (sgs->sum_nr_running <= sgs->group_weight)
9702 if ((sgs->group_capacity * 100) <
9703 (sgs->group_util * imbalance_pct))
9706 if ((sgs->group_capacity * imbalance_pct) <
9707 (sgs->group_runnable * 100))
9714 group_type group_classify(unsigned int imbalance_pct,
9715 struct sched_group *group,
9716 struct sg_lb_stats *sgs)
9718 if (group_is_overloaded(imbalance_pct, sgs))
9719 return group_overloaded;
9721 if (sg_imbalanced(group))
9722 return group_imbalanced;
9724 if (sgs->group_asym_packing)
9725 return group_asym_packing;
9727 if (sgs->group_smt_balance)
9728 return group_smt_balance;
9730 if (sgs->group_misfit_task_load)
9731 return group_misfit_task;
9733 if (!group_has_capacity(imbalance_pct, sgs))
9734 return group_fully_busy;
9736 return group_has_spare;
9740 * sched_use_asym_prio - Check whether asym_packing priority must be used
9741 * @sd: The scheduling domain of the load balancing
9744 * Always use CPU priority when balancing load between SMT siblings. When
9745 * balancing load between cores, it is not sufficient that @cpu is idle. Only
9746 * use CPU priority if the whole core is idle.
9748 * Returns: True if the priority of @cpu must be followed. False otherwise.
9750 static bool sched_use_asym_prio(struct sched_domain *sd, int cpu)
9752 if (!(sd->flags & SD_ASYM_PACKING))
9755 if (!sched_smt_active())
9758 return sd->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY || is_core_idle(cpu);
9761 static inline bool sched_asym(struct sched_domain *sd, int dst_cpu, int src_cpu)
9764 * First check if @dst_cpu can do asym_packing load balance. Only do it
9765 * if it has higher priority than @src_cpu.
9767 return sched_use_asym_prio(sd, dst_cpu) &&
9768 sched_asym_prefer(dst_cpu, src_cpu);
9772 * sched_group_asym - Check if the destination CPU can do asym_packing balance
9773 * @env: The load balancing environment
9774 * @sgs: Load-balancing statistics of the candidate busiest group
9775 * @group: The candidate busiest group
9777 * @env::dst_cpu can do asym_packing if it has higher priority than the
9778 * preferred CPU of @group.
9780 * Return: true if @env::dst_cpu can do with asym_packing load balance. False
9784 sched_group_asym(struct lb_env *env, struct sg_lb_stats *sgs, struct sched_group *group)
9787 * CPU priorities do not make sense for SMT cores with more than one
9790 if ((group->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY) &&
9791 (sgs->group_weight - sgs->idle_cpus != 1))
9794 return sched_asym(env->sd, env->dst_cpu, group->asym_prefer_cpu);
9797 /* One group has more than one SMT CPU while the other group does not */
9798 static inline bool smt_vs_nonsmt_groups(struct sched_group *sg1,
9799 struct sched_group *sg2)
9804 return (sg1->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY) !=
9805 (sg2->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY);
9808 static inline bool smt_balance(struct lb_env *env, struct sg_lb_stats *sgs,
9809 struct sched_group *group)
9815 * For SMT source group, it is better to move a task
9816 * to a CPU that doesn't have multiple tasks sharing its CPU capacity.
9817 * Note that if a group has a single SMT, SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY
9820 if (group->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY &&
9821 sgs->sum_h_nr_running > 1)
9827 static inline long sibling_imbalance(struct lb_env *env,
9828 struct sd_lb_stats *sds,
9829 struct sg_lb_stats *busiest,
9830 struct sg_lb_stats *local)
9832 int ncores_busiest, ncores_local;
9835 if (!env->idle || !busiest->sum_nr_running)
9838 ncores_busiest = sds->busiest->cores;
9839 ncores_local = sds->local->cores;
9841 if (ncores_busiest == ncores_local) {
9842 imbalance = busiest->sum_nr_running;
9843 lsub_positive(&imbalance, local->sum_nr_running);
9847 /* Balance such that nr_running/ncores ratio are same on both groups */
9848 imbalance = ncores_local * busiest->sum_nr_running;
9849 lsub_positive(&imbalance, ncores_busiest * local->sum_nr_running);
9850 /* Normalize imbalance and do rounding on normalization */
9851 imbalance = 2 * imbalance + ncores_local + ncores_busiest;
9852 imbalance /= ncores_local + ncores_busiest;
9854 /* Take advantage of resource in an empty sched group */
9855 if (imbalance <= 1 && local->sum_nr_running == 0 &&
9856 busiest->sum_nr_running > 1)
9863 sched_reduced_capacity(struct rq *rq, struct sched_domain *sd)
9866 * When there is more than 1 task, the group_overloaded case already
9867 * takes care of cpu with reduced capacity
9869 if (rq->cfs.h_nr_running != 1)
9872 return check_cpu_capacity(rq, sd);
9876 * update_sg_lb_stats - Update sched_group's statistics for load balancing.
9877 * @env: The load balancing environment.
9878 * @sds: Load-balancing data with statistics of the local group.
9879 * @group: sched_group whose statistics are to be updated.
9880 * @sgs: variable to hold the statistics for this group.
9881 * @sg_status: Holds flag indicating the status of the sched_group
9883 static inline void update_sg_lb_stats(struct lb_env *env,
9884 struct sd_lb_stats *sds,
9885 struct sched_group *group,
9886 struct sg_lb_stats *sgs,
9889 int i, nr_running, local_group;
9891 memset(sgs, 0, sizeof(*sgs));
9893 local_group = group == sds->local;
9895 for_each_cpu_and(i, sched_group_span(group), env->cpus) {
9896 struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(i);
9897 unsigned long load = cpu_load(rq);
9899 sgs->group_load += load;
9900 sgs->group_util += cpu_util_cfs(i);
9901 sgs->group_runnable += cpu_runnable(rq);
9902 sgs->sum_h_nr_running += rq->cfs.h_nr_running;
9904 nr_running = rq->nr_running;
9905 sgs->sum_nr_running += nr_running;
9908 *sg_status |= SG_OVERLOAD;
9910 if (cpu_overutilized(i))
9911 *sg_status |= SG_OVERUTILIZED;
9913 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
9914 sgs->nr_numa_running += rq->nr_numa_running;
9915 sgs->nr_preferred_running += rq->nr_preferred_running;
9918 * No need to call idle_cpu() if nr_running is not 0
9920 if (!nr_running && idle_cpu(i)) {
9922 /* Idle cpu can't have misfit task */
9929 if (env->sd->flags & SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY) {
9930 /* Check for a misfit task on the cpu */
9931 if (sgs->group_misfit_task_load < rq->misfit_task_load) {
9932 sgs->group_misfit_task_load = rq->misfit_task_load;
9933 *sg_status |= SG_OVERLOAD;
9935 } else if (env->idle && sched_reduced_capacity(rq, env->sd)) {
9936 /* Check for a task running on a CPU with reduced capacity */
9937 if (sgs->group_misfit_task_load < load)
9938 sgs->group_misfit_task_load = load;
9942 sgs->group_capacity = group->sgc->capacity;
9944 sgs->group_weight = group->group_weight;
9946 /* Check if dst CPU is idle and preferred to this group */
9947 if (!local_group && env->idle && sgs->sum_h_nr_running &&
9948 sched_group_asym(env, sgs, group))
9949 sgs->group_asym_packing = 1;
9951 /* Check for loaded SMT group to be balanced to dst CPU */
9952 if (!local_group && smt_balance(env, sgs, group))
9953 sgs->group_smt_balance = 1;
9955 sgs->group_type = group_classify(env->sd->imbalance_pct, group, sgs);
9957 /* Computing avg_load makes sense only when group is overloaded */
9958 if (sgs->group_type == group_overloaded)
9959 sgs->avg_load = (sgs->group_load * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE) /
9960 sgs->group_capacity;
9964 * update_sd_pick_busiest - return 1 on busiest group
9965 * @env: The load balancing environment.
9966 * @sds: sched_domain statistics
9967 * @sg: sched_group candidate to be checked for being the busiest
9968 * @sgs: sched_group statistics
9970 * Determine if @sg is a busier group than the previously selected
9973 * Return: %true if @sg is a busier group than the previously selected
9974 * busiest group. %false otherwise.
9976 static bool update_sd_pick_busiest(struct lb_env *env,
9977 struct sd_lb_stats *sds,
9978 struct sched_group *sg,
9979 struct sg_lb_stats *sgs)
9981 struct sg_lb_stats *busiest = &sds->busiest_stat;
9983 /* Make sure that there is at least one task to pull */
9984 if (!sgs->sum_h_nr_running)
9988 * Don't try to pull misfit tasks we can't help.
9989 * We can use max_capacity here as reduction in capacity on some
9990 * CPUs in the group should either be possible to resolve
9991 * internally or be covered by avg_load imbalance (eventually).
9993 if ((env->sd->flags & SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY) &&
9994 (sgs->group_type == group_misfit_task) &&
9995 (!capacity_greater(capacity_of(env->dst_cpu), sg->sgc->max_capacity) ||
9996 sds->local_stat.group_type != group_has_spare))
9999 if (sgs->group_type > busiest->group_type)
10002 if (sgs->group_type < busiest->group_type)
10006 * The candidate and the current busiest group are the same type of
10007 * group. Let check which one is the busiest according to the type.
10010 switch (sgs->group_type) {
10011 case group_overloaded:
10012 /* Select the overloaded group with highest avg_load. */
10013 return sgs->avg_load > busiest->avg_load;
10015 case group_imbalanced:
10017 * Select the 1st imbalanced group as we don't have any way to
10018 * choose one more than another.
10022 case group_asym_packing:
10023 /* Prefer to move from lowest priority CPU's work */
10024 return sched_asym_prefer(sds->busiest->asym_prefer_cpu, sg->asym_prefer_cpu);
10026 case group_misfit_task:
10028 * If we have more than one misfit sg go with the biggest
10031 return sgs->group_misfit_task_load > busiest->group_misfit_task_load;
10033 case group_smt_balance:
10035 * Check if we have spare CPUs on either SMT group to
10036 * choose has spare or fully busy handling.
10038 if (sgs->idle_cpus != 0 || busiest->idle_cpus != 0)
10043 case group_fully_busy:
10045 * Select the fully busy group with highest avg_load. In
10046 * theory, there is no need to pull task from such kind of
10047 * group because tasks have all compute capacity that they need
10048 * but we can still improve the overall throughput by reducing
10049 * contention when accessing shared HW resources.
10051 * XXX for now avg_load is not computed and always 0 so we
10052 * select the 1st one, except if @sg is composed of SMT
10056 if (sgs->avg_load < busiest->avg_load)
10059 if (sgs->avg_load == busiest->avg_load) {
10061 * SMT sched groups need more help than non-SMT groups.
10062 * If @sg happens to also be SMT, either choice is good.
10064 if (sds->busiest->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY)
10070 case group_has_spare:
10072 * Do not pick sg with SMT CPUs over sg with pure CPUs,
10073 * as we do not want to pull task off SMT core with one task
10074 * and make the core idle.
10076 if (smt_vs_nonsmt_groups(sds->busiest, sg)) {
10077 if (sg->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY && sgs->sum_h_nr_running <= 1)
10085 * Select not overloaded group with lowest number of idle CPUs
10086 * and highest number of running tasks. We could also compare
10087 * the spare capacity which is more stable but it can end up
10088 * that the group has less spare capacity but finally more idle
10089 * CPUs which means less opportunity to pull tasks.
10091 if (sgs->idle_cpus > busiest->idle_cpus)
10093 else if ((sgs->idle_cpus == busiest->idle_cpus) &&
10094 (sgs->sum_nr_running <= busiest->sum_nr_running))
10101 * Candidate sg has no more than one task per CPU and has higher
10102 * per-CPU capacity. Migrating tasks to less capable CPUs may harm
10103 * throughput. Maximize throughput, power/energy consequences are not
10106 if ((env->sd->flags & SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY) &&
10107 (sgs->group_type <= group_fully_busy) &&
10108 (capacity_greater(sg->sgc->min_capacity, capacity_of(env->dst_cpu))))
10114 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
10115 static inline enum fbq_type fbq_classify_group(struct sg_lb_stats *sgs)
10117 if (sgs->sum_h_nr_running > sgs->nr_numa_running)
10119 if (sgs->sum_h_nr_running > sgs->nr_preferred_running)
10124 static inline enum fbq_type fbq_classify_rq(struct rq *rq)
10126 if (rq->nr_running > rq->nr_numa_running)
10128 if (rq->nr_running > rq->nr_preferred_running)
10133 static inline enum fbq_type fbq_classify_group(struct sg_lb_stats *sgs)
10138 static inline enum fbq_type fbq_classify_rq(struct rq *rq)
10142 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
10145 struct sg_lb_stats;
10148 * task_running_on_cpu - return 1 if @p is running on @cpu.
10151 static unsigned int task_running_on_cpu(int cpu, struct task_struct *p)
10153 /* Task has no contribution or is new */
10154 if (cpu != task_cpu(p) || !READ_ONCE(p->se.avg.last_update_time))
10157 if (task_on_rq_queued(p))
10164 * idle_cpu_without - would a given CPU be idle without p ?
10165 * @cpu: the processor on which idleness is tested.
10166 * @p: task which should be ignored.
10168 * Return: 1 if the CPU would be idle. 0 otherwise.
10170 static int idle_cpu_without(int cpu, struct task_struct *p)
10172 struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
10174 if (rq->curr != rq->idle && rq->curr != p)
10178 * rq->nr_running can't be used but an updated version without the
10179 * impact of p on cpu must be used instead. The updated nr_running
10180 * be computed and tested before calling idle_cpu_without().
10183 if (rq->ttwu_pending)
10190 * update_sg_wakeup_stats - Update sched_group's statistics for wakeup.
10191 * @sd: The sched_domain level to look for idlest group.
10192 * @group: sched_group whose statistics are to be updated.
10193 * @sgs: variable to hold the statistics for this group.
10194 * @p: The task for which we look for the idlest group/CPU.
10196 static inline void update_sg_wakeup_stats(struct sched_domain *sd,
10197 struct sched_group *group,
10198 struct sg_lb_stats *sgs,
10199 struct task_struct *p)
10203 memset(sgs, 0, sizeof(*sgs));
10205 /* Assume that task can't fit any CPU of the group */
10206 if (sd->flags & SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY)
10207 sgs->group_misfit_task_load = 1;
10209 for_each_cpu(i, sched_group_span(group)) {
10210 struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(i);
10211 unsigned int local;
10213 sgs->group_load += cpu_load_without(rq, p);
10214 sgs->group_util += cpu_util_without(i, p);
10215 sgs->group_runnable += cpu_runnable_without(rq, p);
10216 local = task_running_on_cpu(i, p);
10217 sgs->sum_h_nr_running += rq->cfs.h_nr_running - local;
10219 nr_running = rq->nr_running - local;
10220 sgs->sum_nr_running += nr_running;
10223 * No need to call idle_cpu_without() if nr_running is not 0
10225 if (!nr_running && idle_cpu_without(i, p))
10228 /* Check if task fits in the CPU */
10229 if (sd->flags & SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY &&
10230 sgs->group_misfit_task_load &&
10231 task_fits_cpu(p, i))
10232 sgs->group_misfit_task_load = 0;
10236 sgs->group_capacity = group->sgc->capacity;
10238 sgs->group_weight = group->group_weight;
10240 sgs->group_type = group_classify(sd->imbalance_pct, group, sgs);
10243 * Computing avg_load makes sense only when group is fully busy or
10246 if (sgs->group_type == group_fully_busy ||
10247 sgs->group_type == group_overloaded)
10248 sgs->avg_load = (sgs->group_load * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE) /
10249 sgs->group_capacity;
10252 static bool update_pick_idlest(struct sched_group *idlest,
10253 struct sg_lb_stats *idlest_sgs,
10254 struct sched_group *group,
10255 struct sg_lb_stats *sgs)
10257 if (sgs->group_type < idlest_sgs->group_type)
10260 if (sgs->group_type > idlest_sgs->group_type)
10264 * The candidate and the current idlest group are the same type of
10265 * group. Let check which one is the idlest according to the type.
10268 switch (sgs->group_type) {
10269 case group_overloaded:
10270 case group_fully_busy:
10271 /* Select the group with lowest avg_load. */
10272 if (idlest_sgs->avg_load <= sgs->avg_load)
10276 case group_imbalanced:
10277 case group_asym_packing:
10278 case group_smt_balance:
10279 /* Those types are not used in the slow wakeup path */
10282 case group_misfit_task:
10283 /* Select group with the highest max capacity */
10284 if (idlest->sgc->max_capacity >= group->sgc->max_capacity)
10288 case group_has_spare:
10289 /* Select group with most idle CPUs */
10290 if (idlest_sgs->idle_cpus > sgs->idle_cpus)
10293 /* Select group with lowest group_util */
10294 if (idlest_sgs->idle_cpus == sgs->idle_cpus &&
10295 idlest_sgs->group_util <= sgs->group_util)
10305 * sched_balance_find_dst_group() finds and returns the least busy CPU group within the
10308 * Assumes p is allowed on at least one CPU in sd.
10310 static struct sched_group *
10311 sched_balance_find_dst_group(struct sched_domain *sd, struct task_struct *p, int this_cpu)
10313 struct sched_group *idlest = NULL, *local = NULL, *group = sd->groups;
10314 struct sg_lb_stats local_sgs, tmp_sgs;
10315 struct sg_lb_stats *sgs;
10316 unsigned long imbalance;
10317 struct sg_lb_stats idlest_sgs = {
10318 .avg_load = UINT_MAX,
10319 .group_type = group_overloaded,
10325 /* Skip over this group if it has no CPUs allowed */
10326 if (!cpumask_intersects(sched_group_span(group),
10330 /* Skip over this group if no cookie matched */
10331 if (!sched_group_cookie_match(cpu_rq(this_cpu), p, group))
10334 local_group = cpumask_test_cpu(this_cpu,
10335 sched_group_span(group));
10344 update_sg_wakeup_stats(sd, group, sgs, p);
10346 if (!local_group && update_pick_idlest(idlest, &idlest_sgs, group, sgs)) {
10351 } while (group = group->next, group != sd->groups);
10354 /* There is no idlest group to push tasks to */
10358 /* The local group has been skipped because of CPU affinity */
10363 * If the local group is idler than the selected idlest group
10364 * don't try and push the task.
10366 if (local_sgs.group_type < idlest_sgs.group_type)
10370 * If the local group is busier than the selected idlest group
10371 * try and push the task.
10373 if (local_sgs.group_type > idlest_sgs.group_type)
10376 switch (local_sgs.group_type) {
10377 case group_overloaded:
10378 case group_fully_busy:
10380 /* Calculate allowed imbalance based on load */
10381 imbalance = scale_load_down(NICE_0_LOAD) *
10382 (sd->imbalance_pct-100) / 100;
10385 * When comparing groups across NUMA domains, it's possible for
10386 * the local domain to be very lightly loaded relative to the
10387 * remote domains but "imbalance" skews the comparison making
10388 * remote CPUs look much more favourable. When considering
10389 * cross-domain, add imbalance to the load on the remote node
10390 * and consider staying local.
10393 if ((sd->flags & SD_NUMA) &&
10394 ((idlest_sgs.avg_load + imbalance) >= local_sgs.avg_load))
10398 * If the local group is less loaded than the selected
10399 * idlest group don't try and push any tasks.
10401 if (idlest_sgs.avg_load >= (local_sgs.avg_load + imbalance))
10404 if (100 * local_sgs.avg_load <= sd->imbalance_pct * idlest_sgs.avg_load)
10408 case group_imbalanced:
10409 case group_asym_packing:
10410 case group_smt_balance:
10411 /* Those type are not used in the slow wakeup path */
10414 case group_misfit_task:
10415 /* Select group with the highest max capacity */
10416 if (local->sgc->max_capacity >= idlest->sgc->max_capacity)
10420 case group_has_spare:
10422 if (sd->flags & SD_NUMA) {
10423 int imb_numa_nr = sd->imb_numa_nr;
10424 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
10427 * If there is spare capacity at NUMA, try to select
10428 * the preferred node
10430 if (cpu_to_node(this_cpu) == p->numa_preferred_nid)
10433 idlest_cpu = cpumask_first(sched_group_span(idlest));
10434 if (cpu_to_node(idlest_cpu) == p->numa_preferred_nid)
10436 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
10438 * Otherwise, keep the task close to the wakeup source
10439 * and improve locality if the number of running tasks
10440 * would remain below threshold where an imbalance is
10441 * allowed while accounting for the possibility the
10442 * task is pinned to a subset of CPUs. If there is a
10443 * real need of migration, periodic load balance will
10446 if (p->nr_cpus_allowed != NR_CPUS) {
10447 struct cpumask *cpus = this_cpu_cpumask_var_ptr(select_rq_mask);
10449 cpumask_and(cpus, sched_group_span(local), p->cpus_ptr);
10450 imb_numa_nr = min(cpumask_weight(cpus), sd->imb_numa_nr);
10453 imbalance = abs(local_sgs.idle_cpus - idlest_sgs.idle_cpus);
10454 if (!adjust_numa_imbalance(imbalance,
10455 local_sgs.sum_nr_running + 1,
10460 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA */
10463 * Select group with highest number of idle CPUs. We could also
10464 * compare the utilization which is more stable but it can end
10465 * up that the group has less spare capacity but finally more
10466 * idle CPUs which means more opportunity to run task.
10468 if (local_sgs.idle_cpus >= idlest_sgs.idle_cpus)
10476 static void update_idle_cpu_scan(struct lb_env *env,
10477 unsigned long sum_util)
10479 struct sched_domain_shared *sd_share;
10480 int llc_weight, pct;
10483 * Update the number of CPUs to scan in LLC domain, which could
10484 * be used as a hint in select_idle_cpu(). The update of sd_share
10485 * could be expensive because it is within a shared cache line.
10486 * So the write of this hint only occurs during periodic load
10487 * balancing, rather than CPU_NEWLY_IDLE, because the latter
10488 * can fire way more frequently than the former.
10490 if (!sched_feat(SIS_UTIL) || env->idle == CPU_NEWLY_IDLE)
10493 llc_weight = per_cpu(sd_llc_size, env->dst_cpu);
10494 if (env->sd->span_weight != llc_weight)
10497 sd_share = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc_shared, env->dst_cpu));
10502 * The number of CPUs to search drops as sum_util increases, when
10503 * sum_util hits 85% or above, the scan stops.
10504 * The reason to choose 85% as the threshold is because this is the
10505 * imbalance_pct(117) when a LLC sched group is overloaded.
10507 * let y = SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE - p * x^2 [1]
10508 * and y'= y / SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE
10510 * x is the ratio of sum_util compared to the CPU capacity:
10511 * x = sum_util / (llc_weight * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE)
10512 * y' is the ratio of CPUs to be scanned in the LLC domain,
10513 * and the number of CPUs to scan is calculated by:
10515 * nr_scan = llc_weight * y' [2]
10517 * When x hits the threshold of overloaded, AKA, when
10518 * x = 100 / pct, y drops to 0. According to [1],
10519 * p should be SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE * pct^2 / 10000
10521 * Scale x by SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE:
10522 * x' = sum_util / llc_weight; [3]
10524 * and finally [1] becomes:
10525 * y = SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE -
10526 * x'^2 * pct^2 / (10000 * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE) [4]
10531 do_div(x, llc_weight);
10534 pct = env->sd->imbalance_pct;
10535 tmp = x * x * pct * pct;
10536 do_div(tmp, 10000 * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE);
10537 tmp = min_t(long, tmp, SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE);
10538 y = SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE - tmp;
10542 do_div(y, SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE);
10543 if ((int)y != sd_share->nr_idle_scan)
10544 WRITE_ONCE(sd_share->nr_idle_scan, (int)y);
10548 * update_sd_lb_stats - Update sched_domain's statistics for load balancing.
10549 * @env: The load balancing environment.
10550 * @sds: variable to hold the statistics for this sched_domain.
10553 static inline void update_sd_lb_stats(struct lb_env *env, struct sd_lb_stats *sds)
10555 struct sched_group *sg = env->sd->groups;
10556 struct sg_lb_stats *local = &sds->local_stat;
10557 struct sg_lb_stats tmp_sgs;
10558 unsigned long sum_util = 0;
10562 struct sg_lb_stats *sgs = &tmp_sgs;
10565 local_group = cpumask_test_cpu(env->dst_cpu, sched_group_span(sg));
10570 if (env->idle != CPU_NEWLY_IDLE ||
10571 time_after_eq(jiffies, sg->sgc->next_update))
10572 update_group_capacity(env->sd, env->dst_cpu);
10575 update_sg_lb_stats(env, sds, sg, sgs, &sg_status);
10577 if (!local_group && update_sd_pick_busiest(env, sds, sg, sgs)) {
10579 sds->busiest_stat = *sgs;
10582 /* Now, start updating sd_lb_stats */
10583 sds->total_load += sgs->group_load;
10584 sds->total_capacity += sgs->group_capacity;
10586 sum_util += sgs->group_util;
10588 } while (sg != env->sd->groups);
10591 * Indicate that the child domain of the busiest group prefers tasks
10592 * go to a child's sibling domains first. NB the flags of a sched group
10593 * are those of the child domain.
10596 sds->prefer_sibling = !!(sds->busiest->flags & SD_PREFER_SIBLING);
10599 if (env->sd->flags & SD_NUMA)
10600 env->fbq_type = fbq_classify_group(&sds->busiest_stat);
10602 if (!env->sd->parent) {
10603 struct root_domain *rd = env->dst_rq->rd;
10605 /* update overload indicator if we are at root domain */
10606 WRITE_ONCE(rd->overload, sg_status & SG_OVERLOAD);
10608 /* Update over-utilization (tipping point, U >= 0) indicator */
10609 WRITE_ONCE(rd->overutilized, sg_status & SG_OVERUTILIZED);
10610 trace_sched_overutilized_tp(rd, sg_status & SG_OVERUTILIZED);
10611 } else if (sg_status & SG_OVERUTILIZED) {
10612 struct root_domain *rd = env->dst_rq->rd;
10614 WRITE_ONCE(rd->overutilized, SG_OVERUTILIZED);
10615 trace_sched_overutilized_tp(rd, SG_OVERUTILIZED);
10618 update_idle_cpu_scan(env, sum_util);
10622 * calculate_imbalance - Calculate the amount of imbalance present within the
10623 * groups of a given sched_domain during load balance.
10624 * @env: load balance environment
10625 * @sds: statistics of the sched_domain whose imbalance is to be calculated.
10627 static inline void calculate_imbalance(struct lb_env *env, struct sd_lb_stats *sds)
10629 struct sg_lb_stats *local, *busiest;
10631 local = &sds->local_stat;
10632 busiest = &sds->busiest_stat;
10634 if (busiest->group_type == group_misfit_task) {
10635 if (env->sd->flags & SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY) {
10636 /* Set imbalance to allow misfit tasks to be balanced. */
10637 env->migration_type = migrate_misfit;
10638 env->imbalance = 1;
10641 * Set load imbalance to allow moving task from cpu
10642 * with reduced capacity.
10644 env->migration_type = migrate_load;
10645 env->imbalance = busiest->group_misfit_task_load;
10650 if (busiest->group_type == group_asym_packing) {
10652 * In case of asym capacity, we will try to migrate all load to
10653 * the preferred CPU.
10655 env->migration_type = migrate_task;
10656 env->imbalance = busiest->sum_h_nr_running;
10660 if (busiest->group_type == group_smt_balance) {
10661 /* Reduce number of tasks sharing CPU capacity */
10662 env->migration_type = migrate_task;
10663 env->imbalance = 1;
10667 if (busiest->group_type == group_imbalanced) {
10669 * In the group_imb case we cannot rely on group-wide averages
10670 * to ensure CPU-load equilibrium, try to move any task to fix
10671 * the imbalance. The next load balance will take care of
10672 * balancing back the system.
10674 env->migration_type = migrate_task;
10675 env->imbalance = 1;
10680 * Try to use spare capacity of local group without overloading it or
10681 * emptying busiest.
10683 if (local->group_type == group_has_spare) {
10684 if ((busiest->group_type > group_fully_busy) &&
10685 !(env->sd->flags & SD_SHARE_LLC)) {
10687 * If busiest is overloaded, try to fill spare
10688 * capacity. This might end up creating spare capacity
10689 * in busiest or busiest still being overloaded but
10690 * there is no simple way to directly compute the
10691 * amount of load to migrate in order to balance the
10694 env->migration_type = migrate_util;
10695 env->imbalance = max(local->group_capacity, local->group_util) -
10699 * In some cases, the group's utilization is max or even
10700 * higher than capacity because of migrations but the
10701 * local CPU is (newly) idle. There is at least one
10702 * waiting task in this overloaded busiest group. Let's
10705 if (env->idle && env->imbalance == 0) {
10706 env->migration_type = migrate_task;
10707 env->imbalance = 1;
10713 if (busiest->group_weight == 1 || sds->prefer_sibling) {
10715 * When prefer sibling, evenly spread running tasks on
10718 env->migration_type = migrate_task;
10719 env->imbalance = sibling_imbalance(env, sds, busiest, local);
10723 * If there is no overload, we just want to even the number of
10726 env->migration_type = migrate_task;
10727 env->imbalance = max_t(long, 0,
10728 (local->idle_cpus - busiest->idle_cpus));
10732 /* Consider allowing a small imbalance between NUMA groups */
10733 if (env->sd->flags & SD_NUMA) {
10734 env->imbalance = adjust_numa_imbalance(env->imbalance,
10735 local->sum_nr_running + 1,
10736 env->sd->imb_numa_nr);
10740 /* Number of tasks to move to restore balance */
10741 env->imbalance >>= 1;
10747 * Local is fully busy but has to take more load to relieve the
10750 if (local->group_type < group_overloaded) {
10752 * Local will become overloaded so the avg_load metrics are
10756 local->avg_load = (local->group_load * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE) /
10757 local->group_capacity;
10760 * If the local group is more loaded than the selected
10761 * busiest group don't try to pull any tasks.
10763 if (local->avg_load >= busiest->avg_load) {
10764 env->imbalance = 0;
10768 sds->avg_load = (sds->total_load * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE) /
10769 sds->total_capacity;
10772 * If the local group is more loaded than the average system
10773 * load, don't try to pull any tasks.
10775 if (local->avg_load >= sds->avg_load) {
10776 env->imbalance = 0;
10783 * Both group are or will become overloaded and we're trying to get all
10784 * the CPUs to the average_load, so we don't want to push ourselves
10785 * above the average load, nor do we wish to reduce the max loaded CPU
10786 * below the average load. At the same time, we also don't want to
10787 * reduce the group load below the group capacity. Thus we look for
10788 * the minimum possible imbalance.
10790 env->migration_type = migrate_load;
10791 env->imbalance = min(
10792 (busiest->avg_load - sds->avg_load) * busiest->group_capacity,
10793 (sds->avg_load - local->avg_load) * local->group_capacity
10794 ) / SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE;
10797 /******* sched_balance_find_src_group() helpers end here *********************/
10800 * Decision matrix according to the local and busiest group type:
10802 * busiest \ local has_spare fully_busy misfit asym imbalanced overloaded
10803 * has_spare nr_idle balanced N/A N/A balanced balanced
10804 * fully_busy nr_idle nr_idle N/A N/A balanced balanced
10805 * misfit_task force N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
10806 * asym_packing force force N/A N/A force force
10807 * imbalanced force force N/A N/A force force
10808 * overloaded force force N/A N/A force avg_load
10810 * N/A : Not Applicable because already filtered while updating
10812 * balanced : The system is balanced for these 2 groups.
10813 * force : Calculate the imbalance as load migration is probably needed.
10814 * avg_load : Only if imbalance is significant enough.
10815 * nr_idle : dst_cpu is not busy and the number of idle CPUs is quite
10816 * different in groups.
10820 * sched_balance_find_src_group - Returns the busiest group within the sched_domain
10821 * if there is an imbalance.
10822 * @env: The load balancing environment.
10824 * Also calculates the amount of runnable load which should be moved
10825 * to restore balance.
10827 * Return: - The busiest group if imbalance exists.
10829 static struct sched_group *sched_balance_find_src_group(struct lb_env *env)
10831 struct sg_lb_stats *local, *busiest;
10832 struct sd_lb_stats sds;
10834 init_sd_lb_stats(&sds);
10837 * Compute the various statistics relevant for load balancing at
10840 update_sd_lb_stats(env, &sds);
10842 /* There is no busy sibling group to pull tasks from */
10846 busiest = &sds.busiest_stat;
10848 /* Misfit tasks should be dealt with regardless of the avg load */
10849 if (busiest->group_type == group_misfit_task)
10850 goto force_balance;
10852 if (sched_energy_enabled()) {
10853 struct root_domain *rd = env->dst_rq->rd;
10855 if (rcu_dereference(rd->pd) && !READ_ONCE(rd->overutilized))
10859 /* ASYM feature bypasses nice load balance check */
10860 if (busiest->group_type == group_asym_packing)
10861 goto force_balance;
10864 * If the busiest group is imbalanced the below checks don't
10865 * work because they assume all things are equal, which typically
10866 * isn't true due to cpus_ptr constraints and the like.
10868 if (busiest->group_type == group_imbalanced)
10869 goto force_balance;
10871 local = &sds.local_stat;
10873 * If the local group is busier than the selected busiest group
10874 * don't try and pull any tasks.
10876 if (local->group_type > busiest->group_type)
10880 * When groups are overloaded, use the avg_load to ensure fairness
10883 if (local->group_type == group_overloaded) {
10885 * If the local group is more loaded than the selected
10886 * busiest group don't try to pull any tasks.
10888 if (local->avg_load >= busiest->avg_load)
10891 /* XXX broken for overlapping NUMA groups */
10892 sds.avg_load = (sds.total_load * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE) /
10893 sds.total_capacity;
10896 * Don't pull any tasks if this group is already above the
10897 * domain average load.
10899 if (local->avg_load >= sds.avg_load)
10903 * If the busiest group is more loaded, use imbalance_pct to be
10906 if (100 * busiest->avg_load <=
10907 env->sd->imbalance_pct * local->avg_load)
10912 * Try to move all excess tasks to a sibling domain of the busiest
10913 * group's child domain.
10915 if (sds.prefer_sibling && local->group_type == group_has_spare &&
10916 sibling_imbalance(env, &sds, busiest, local) > 1)
10917 goto force_balance;
10919 if (busiest->group_type != group_overloaded) {
10922 * If the busiest group is not overloaded (and as a
10923 * result the local one too) but this CPU is already
10924 * busy, let another idle CPU try to pull task.
10929 if (busiest->group_type == group_smt_balance &&
10930 smt_vs_nonsmt_groups(sds.local, sds.busiest)) {
10931 /* Let non SMT CPU pull from SMT CPU sharing with sibling */
10932 goto force_balance;
10935 if (busiest->group_weight > 1 &&
10936 local->idle_cpus <= (busiest->idle_cpus + 1)) {
10938 * If the busiest group is not overloaded
10939 * and there is no imbalance between this and busiest
10940 * group wrt idle CPUs, it is balanced. The imbalance
10941 * becomes significant if the diff is greater than 1
10942 * otherwise we might end up to just move the imbalance
10943 * on another group. Of course this applies only if
10944 * there is more than 1 CPU per group.
10949 if (busiest->sum_h_nr_running == 1) {
10951 * busiest doesn't have any tasks waiting to run
10958 /* Looks like there is an imbalance. Compute it */
10959 calculate_imbalance(env, &sds);
10960 return env->imbalance ? sds.busiest : NULL;
10963 env->imbalance = 0;
10968 * sched_balance_find_src_rq - find the busiest runqueue among the CPUs in the group.
10970 static struct rq *sched_balance_find_src_rq(struct lb_env *env,
10971 struct sched_group *group)
10973 struct rq *busiest = NULL, *rq;
10974 unsigned long busiest_util = 0, busiest_load = 0, busiest_capacity = 1;
10975 unsigned int busiest_nr = 0;
10978 for_each_cpu_and(i, sched_group_span(group), env->cpus) {
10979 unsigned long capacity, load, util;
10980 unsigned int nr_running;
10984 rt = fbq_classify_rq(rq);
10987 * We classify groups/runqueues into three groups:
10988 * - regular: there are !numa tasks
10989 * - remote: there are numa tasks that run on the 'wrong' node
10990 * - all: there is no distinction
10992 * In order to avoid migrating ideally placed numa tasks,
10993 * ignore those when there's better options.
10995 * If we ignore the actual busiest queue to migrate another
10996 * task, the next balance pass can still reduce the busiest
10997 * queue by moving tasks around inside the node.
10999 * If we cannot move enough load due to this classification
11000 * the next pass will adjust the group classification and
11001 * allow migration of more tasks.
11003 * Both cases only affect the total convergence complexity.
11005 if (rt > env->fbq_type)
11008 nr_running = rq->cfs.h_nr_running;
11012 capacity = capacity_of(i);
11015 * For ASYM_CPUCAPACITY domains, don't pick a CPU that could
11016 * eventually lead to active_balancing high->low capacity.
11017 * Higher per-CPU capacity is considered better than balancing
11020 if (env->sd->flags & SD_ASYM_CPUCAPACITY &&
11021 !capacity_greater(capacity_of(env->dst_cpu), capacity) &&
11026 * Make sure we only pull tasks from a CPU of lower priority
11027 * when balancing between SMT siblings.
11029 * If balancing between cores, let lower priority CPUs help
11030 * SMT cores with more than one busy sibling.
11032 if (sched_asym(env->sd, i, env->dst_cpu) && nr_running == 1)
11035 switch (env->migration_type) {
11038 * When comparing with load imbalance, use cpu_load()
11039 * which is not scaled with the CPU capacity.
11041 load = cpu_load(rq);
11043 if (nr_running == 1 && load > env->imbalance &&
11044 !check_cpu_capacity(rq, env->sd))
11048 * For the load comparisons with the other CPUs,
11049 * consider the cpu_load() scaled with the CPU
11050 * capacity, so that the load can be moved away
11051 * from the CPU that is potentially running at a
11054 * Thus we're looking for max(load_i / capacity_i),
11055 * crosswise multiplication to rid ourselves of the
11056 * division works out to:
11057 * load_i * capacity_j > load_j * capacity_i;
11058 * where j is our previous maximum.
11060 if (load * busiest_capacity > busiest_load * capacity) {
11061 busiest_load = load;
11062 busiest_capacity = capacity;
11068 util = cpu_util_cfs_boost(i);
11071 * Don't try to pull utilization from a CPU with one
11072 * running task. Whatever its utilization, we will fail
11075 if (nr_running <= 1)
11078 if (busiest_util < util) {
11079 busiest_util = util;
11085 if (busiest_nr < nr_running) {
11086 busiest_nr = nr_running;
11091 case migrate_misfit:
11093 * For ASYM_CPUCAPACITY domains with misfit tasks we
11094 * simply seek the "biggest" misfit task.
11096 if (rq->misfit_task_load > busiest_load) {
11097 busiest_load = rq->misfit_task_load;
11110 * Max backoff if we encounter pinned tasks. Pretty arbitrary value, but
11111 * so long as it is large enough.
11113 #define MAX_PINNED_INTERVAL 512
11116 asym_active_balance(struct lb_env *env)
11119 * ASYM_PACKING needs to force migrate tasks from busy but lower
11120 * priority CPUs in order to pack all tasks in the highest priority
11121 * CPUs. When done between cores, do it only if the whole core if the
11122 * whole core is idle.
11124 * If @env::src_cpu is an SMT core with busy siblings, let
11125 * the lower priority @env::dst_cpu help it. Do not follow
11128 return env->idle && sched_use_asym_prio(env->sd, env->dst_cpu) &&
11129 (sched_asym_prefer(env->dst_cpu, env->src_cpu) ||
11130 !sched_use_asym_prio(env->sd, env->src_cpu));
11134 imbalanced_active_balance(struct lb_env *env)
11136 struct sched_domain *sd = env->sd;
11139 * The imbalanced case includes the case of pinned tasks preventing a fair
11140 * distribution of the load on the system but also the even distribution of the
11141 * threads on a system with spare capacity
11143 if ((env->migration_type == migrate_task) &&
11144 (sd->nr_balance_failed > sd->cache_nice_tries+2))
11150 static int need_active_balance(struct lb_env *env)
11152 struct sched_domain *sd = env->sd;
11154 if (asym_active_balance(env))
11157 if (imbalanced_active_balance(env))
11161 * The dst_cpu is idle and the src_cpu CPU has only 1 CFS task.
11162 * It's worth migrating the task if the src_cpu's capacity is reduced
11163 * because of other sched_class or IRQs if more capacity stays
11164 * available on dst_cpu.
11167 (env->src_rq->cfs.h_nr_running == 1)) {
11168 if ((check_cpu_capacity(env->src_rq, sd)) &&
11169 (capacity_of(env->src_cpu)*sd->imbalance_pct < capacity_of(env->dst_cpu)*100))
11173 if (env->migration_type == migrate_misfit)
11179 static int active_load_balance_cpu_stop(void *data);
11181 static int should_we_balance(struct lb_env *env)
11183 struct cpumask *swb_cpus = this_cpu_cpumask_var_ptr(should_we_balance_tmpmask);
11184 struct sched_group *sg = env->sd->groups;
11185 int cpu, idle_smt = -1;
11188 * Ensure the balancing environment is consistent; can happen
11189 * when the softirq triggers 'during' hotplug.
11191 if (!cpumask_test_cpu(env->dst_cpu, env->cpus))
11195 * In the newly idle case, we will allow all the CPUs
11196 * to do the newly idle load balance.
11198 * However, we bail out if we already have tasks or a wakeup pending,
11199 * to optimize wakeup latency.
11201 if (env->idle == CPU_NEWLY_IDLE) {
11202 if (env->dst_rq->nr_running > 0 || env->dst_rq->ttwu_pending)
11207 cpumask_copy(swb_cpus, group_balance_mask(sg));
11208 /* Try to find first idle CPU */
11209 for_each_cpu_and(cpu, swb_cpus, env->cpus) {
11210 if (!idle_cpu(cpu))
11214 * Don't balance to idle SMT in busy core right away when
11215 * balancing cores, but remember the first idle SMT CPU for
11216 * later consideration. Find CPU on an idle core first.
11218 if (!(env->sd->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUCAPACITY) && !is_core_idle(cpu)) {
11219 if (idle_smt == -1)
11222 * If the core is not idle, and first SMT sibling which is
11223 * idle has been found, then its not needed to check other
11224 * SMT siblings for idleness:
11226 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
11227 cpumask_andnot(swb_cpus, swb_cpus, cpu_smt_mask(cpu));
11233 * Are we the first idle core in a non-SMT domain or higher,
11234 * or the first idle CPU in a SMT domain?
11236 return cpu == env->dst_cpu;
11239 /* Are we the first idle CPU with busy siblings? */
11240 if (idle_smt != -1)
11241 return idle_smt == env->dst_cpu;
11243 /* Are we the first CPU of this group ? */
11244 return group_balance_cpu(sg) == env->dst_cpu;
11248 * Check this_cpu to ensure it is balanced within domain. Attempt to move
11249 * tasks if there is an imbalance.
11251 static int sched_balance_rq(int this_cpu, struct rq *this_rq,
11252 struct sched_domain *sd, enum cpu_idle_type idle,
11253 int *continue_balancing)
11255 int ld_moved, cur_ld_moved, active_balance = 0;
11256 struct sched_domain *sd_parent = sd->parent;
11257 struct sched_group *group;
11258 struct rq *busiest;
11259 struct rq_flags rf;
11260 struct cpumask *cpus = this_cpu_cpumask_var_ptr(load_balance_mask);
11261 struct lb_env env = {
11263 .dst_cpu = this_cpu,
11265 .dst_grpmask = group_balance_mask(sd->groups),
11267 .loop_break = SCHED_NR_MIGRATE_BREAK,
11270 .tasks = LIST_HEAD_INIT(env.tasks),
11273 cpumask_and(cpus, sched_domain_span(sd), cpu_active_mask);
11275 schedstat_inc(sd->lb_count[idle]);
11278 if (!should_we_balance(&env)) {
11279 *continue_balancing = 0;
11283 group = sched_balance_find_src_group(&env);
11285 schedstat_inc(sd->lb_nobusyg[idle]);
11289 busiest = sched_balance_find_src_rq(&env, group);
11291 schedstat_inc(sd->lb_nobusyq[idle]);
11295 WARN_ON_ONCE(busiest == env.dst_rq);
11297 schedstat_add(sd->lb_imbalance[idle], env.imbalance);
11299 env.src_cpu = busiest->cpu;
11300 env.src_rq = busiest;
11303 /* Clear this flag as soon as we find a pullable task */
11304 env.flags |= LBF_ALL_PINNED;
11305 if (busiest->nr_running > 1) {
11307 * Attempt to move tasks. If sched_balance_find_src_group has found
11308 * an imbalance but busiest->nr_running <= 1, the group is
11309 * still unbalanced. ld_moved simply stays zero, so it is
11310 * correctly treated as an imbalance.
11312 env.loop_max = min(sysctl_sched_nr_migrate, busiest->nr_running);
11315 rq_lock_irqsave(busiest, &rf);
11316 update_rq_clock(busiest);
11319 * cur_ld_moved - load moved in current iteration
11320 * ld_moved - cumulative load moved across iterations
11322 cur_ld_moved = detach_tasks(&env);
11325 * We've detached some tasks from busiest_rq. Every
11326 * task is masked "TASK_ON_RQ_MIGRATING", so we can safely
11327 * unlock busiest->lock, and we are able to be sure
11328 * that nobody can manipulate the tasks in parallel.
11329 * See task_rq_lock() family for the details.
11332 rq_unlock(busiest, &rf);
11334 if (cur_ld_moved) {
11335 attach_tasks(&env);
11336 ld_moved += cur_ld_moved;
11339 local_irq_restore(rf.flags);
11341 if (env.flags & LBF_NEED_BREAK) {
11342 env.flags &= ~LBF_NEED_BREAK;
11343 /* Stop if we tried all running tasks */
11344 if (env.loop < busiest->nr_running)
11349 * Revisit (affine) tasks on src_cpu that couldn't be moved to
11350 * us and move them to an alternate dst_cpu in our sched_group
11351 * where they can run. The upper limit on how many times we
11352 * iterate on same src_cpu is dependent on number of CPUs in our
11355 * This changes load balance semantics a bit on who can move
11356 * load to a given_cpu. In addition to the given_cpu itself
11357 * (or a ilb_cpu acting on its behalf where given_cpu is
11358 * nohz-idle), we now have balance_cpu in a position to move
11359 * load to given_cpu. In rare situations, this may cause
11360 * conflicts (balance_cpu and given_cpu/ilb_cpu deciding
11361 * _independently_ and at _same_ time to move some load to
11362 * given_cpu) causing excess load to be moved to given_cpu.
11363 * This however should not happen so much in practice and
11364 * moreover subsequent load balance cycles should correct the
11365 * excess load moved.
11367 if ((env.flags & LBF_DST_PINNED) && env.imbalance > 0) {
11369 /* Prevent to re-select dst_cpu via env's CPUs */
11370 __cpumask_clear_cpu(env.dst_cpu, env.cpus);
11372 env.dst_rq = cpu_rq(env.new_dst_cpu);
11373 env.dst_cpu = env.new_dst_cpu;
11374 env.flags &= ~LBF_DST_PINNED;
11376 env.loop_break = SCHED_NR_MIGRATE_BREAK;
11379 * Go back to "more_balance" rather than "redo" since we
11380 * need to continue with same src_cpu.
11386 * We failed to reach balance because of affinity.
11389 int *group_imbalance = &sd_parent->groups->sgc->imbalance;
11391 if ((env.flags & LBF_SOME_PINNED) && env.imbalance > 0)
11392 *group_imbalance = 1;
11395 /* All tasks on this runqueue were pinned by CPU affinity */
11396 if (unlikely(env.flags & LBF_ALL_PINNED)) {
11397 __cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu_of(busiest), cpus);
11399 * Attempting to continue load balancing at the current
11400 * sched_domain level only makes sense if there are
11401 * active CPUs remaining as possible busiest CPUs to
11402 * pull load from which are not contained within the
11403 * destination group that is receiving any migrated
11406 if (!cpumask_subset(cpus, env.dst_grpmask)) {
11408 env.loop_break = SCHED_NR_MIGRATE_BREAK;
11411 goto out_all_pinned;
11416 schedstat_inc(sd->lb_failed[idle]);
11418 * Increment the failure counter only on periodic balance.
11419 * We do not want newidle balance, which can be very
11420 * frequent, pollute the failure counter causing
11421 * excessive cache_hot migrations and active balances.
11423 if (idle != CPU_NEWLY_IDLE)
11424 sd->nr_balance_failed++;
11426 if (need_active_balance(&env)) {
11427 unsigned long flags;
11429 raw_spin_rq_lock_irqsave(busiest, flags);
11432 * Don't kick the active_load_balance_cpu_stop,
11433 * if the curr task on busiest CPU can't be
11434 * moved to this_cpu:
11436 if (!cpumask_test_cpu(this_cpu, busiest->curr->cpus_ptr)) {
11437 raw_spin_rq_unlock_irqrestore(busiest, flags);
11438 goto out_one_pinned;
11441 /* Record that we found at least one task that could run on this_cpu */
11442 env.flags &= ~LBF_ALL_PINNED;
11445 * ->active_balance synchronizes accesses to
11446 * ->active_balance_work. Once set, it's cleared
11447 * only after active load balance is finished.
11449 if (!busiest->active_balance) {
11450 busiest->active_balance = 1;
11451 busiest->push_cpu = this_cpu;
11452 active_balance = 1;
11456 raw_spin_rq_unlock_irqrestore(busiest, flags);
11457 if (active_balance) {
11458 stop_one_cpu_nowait(cpu_of(busiest),
11459 active_load_balance_cpu_stop, busiest,
11460 &busiest->active_balance_work);
11465 sd->nr_balance_failed = 0;
11468 if (likely(!active_balance) || need_active_balance(&env)) {
11469 /* We were unbalanced, so reset the balancing interval */
11470 sd->balance_interval = sd->min_interval;
11477 * We reach balance although we may have faced some affinity
11478 * constraints. Clear the imbalance flag only if other tasks got
11479 * a chance to move and fix the imbalance.
11481 if (sd_parent && !(env.flags & LBF_ALL_PINNED)) {
11482 int *group_imbalance = &sd_parent->groups->sgc->imbalance;
11484 if (*group_imbalance)
11485 *group_imbalance = 0;
11490 * We reach balance because all tasks are pinned at this level so
11491 * we can't migrate them. Let the imbalance flag set so parent level
11492 * can try to migrate them.
11494 schedstat_inc(sd->lb_balanced[idle]);
11496 sd->nr_balance_failed = 0;
11502 * sched_balance_newidle() disregards balance intervals, so we could
11503 * repeatedly reach this code, which would lead to balance_interval
11504 * skyrocketing in a short amount of time. Skip the balance_interval
11505 * increase logic to avoid that.
11507 if (env.idle == CPU_NEWLY_IDLE)
11510 /* tune up the balancing interval */
11511 if ((env.flags & LBF_ALL_PINNED &&
11512 sd->balance_interval < MAX_PINNED_INTERVAL) ||
11513 sd->balance_interval < sd->max_interval)
11514 sd->balance_interval *= 2;
11519 static inline unsigned long
11520 get_sd_balance_interval(struct sched_domain *sd, int cpu_busy)
11522 unsigned long interval = sd->balance_interval;
11525 interval *= sd->busy_factor;
11527 /* scale ms to jiffies */
11528 interval = msecs_to_jiffies(interval);
11531 * Reduce likelihood of busy balancing at higher domains racing with
11532 * balancing at lower domains by preventing their balancing periods
11533 * from being multiples of each other.
11538 interval = clamp(interval, 1UL, max_load_balance_interval);
11544 update_next_balance(struct sched_domain *sd, unsigned long *next_balance)
11546 unsigned long interval, next;
11548 /* used by idle balance, so cpu_busy = 0 */
11549 interval = get_sd_balance_interval(sd, 0);
11550 next = sd->last_balance + interval;
11552 if (time_after(*next_balance, next))
11553 *next_balance = next;
11557 * active_load_balance_cpu_stop is run by the CPU stopper. It pushes
11558 * running tasks off the busiest CPU onto idle CPUs. It requires at
11559 * least 1 task to be running on each physical CPU where possible, and
11560 * avoids physical / logical imbalances.
11562 static int active_load_balance_cpu_stop(void *data)
11564 struct rq *busiest_rq = data;
11565 int busiest_cpu = cpu_of(busiest_rq);
11566 int target_cpu = busiest_rq->push_cpu;
11567 struct rq *target_rq = cpu_rq(target_cpu);
11568 struct sched_domain *sd;
11569 struct task_struct *p = NULL;
11570 struct rq_flags rf;
11572 rq_lock_irq(busiest_rq, &rf);
11574 * Between queueing the stop-work and running it is a hole in which
11575 * CPUs can become inactive. We should not move tasks from or to
11578 if (!cpu_active(busiest_cpu) || !cpu_active(target_cpu))
11581 /* Make sure the requested CPU hasn't gone down in the meantime: */
11582 if (unlikely(busiest_cpu != smp_processor_id() ||
11583 !busiest_rq->active_balance))
11586 /* Is there any task to move? */
11587 if (busiest_rq->nr_running <= 1)
11591 * This condition is "impossible", if it occurs
11592 * we need to fix it. Originally reported by
11593 * Bjorn Helgaas on a 128-CPU setup.
11595 WARN_ON_ONCE(busiest_rq == target_rq);
11597 /* Search for an sd spanning us and the target CPU. */
11599 for_each_domain(target_cpu, sd) {
11600 if (cpumask_test_cpu(busiest_cpu, sched_domain_span(sd)))
11605 struct lb_env env = {
11607 .dst_cpu = target_cpu,
11608 .dst_rq = target_rq,
11609 .src_cpu = busiest_rq->cpu,
11610 .src_rq = busiest_rq,
11612 .flags = LBF_ACTIVE_LB,
11615 schedstat_inc(sd->alb_count);
11616 update_rq_clock(busiest_rq);
11618 p = detach_one_task(&env);
11620 schedstat_inc(sd->alb_pushed);
11621 /* Active balancing done, reset the failure counter. */
11622 sd->nr_balance_failed = 0;
11624 schedstat_inc(sd->alb_failed);
11629 busiest_rq->active_balance = 0;
11630 rq_unlock(busiest_rq, &rf);
11633 attach_one_task(target_rq, p);
11635 local_irq_enable();
11641 * This flag serializes load-balancing passes over large domains
11642 * (above the NODE topology level) - only one load-balancing instance
11643 * may run at a time, to reduce overhead on very large systems with
11644 * lots of CPUs and large NUMA distances.
11646 * - Note that load-balancing passes triggered while another one
11647 * is executing are skipped and not re-tried.
11649 * - Also note that this does not serialize rebalance_domains()
11650 * execution, as non-SD_SERIALIZE domains will still be
11651 * load-balanced in parallel.
11653 static atomic_t sched_balance_running = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
11656 * Scale the max sched_balance_rq interval with the number of CPUs in the system.
11657 * This trades load-balance latency on larger machines for less cross talk.
11659 void update_max_interval(void)
11661 max_load_balance_interval = HZ*num_online_cpus()/10;
11664 static inline bool update_newidle_cost(struct sched_domain *sd, u64 cost)
11666 if (cost > sd->max_newidle_lb_cost) {
11668 * Track max cost of a domain to make sure to not delay the
11669 * next wakeup on the CPU.
11671 sd->max_newidle_lb_cost = cost;
11672 sd->last_decay_max_lb_cost = jiffies;
11673 } else if (time_after(jiffies, sd->last_decay_max_lb_cost + HZ)) {
11675 * Decay the newidle max times by ~1% per second to ensure that
11676 * it is not outdated and the current max cost is actually
11679 sd->max_newidle_lb_cost = (sd->max_newidle_lb_cost * 253) / 256;
11680 sd->last_decay_max_lb_cost = jiffies;
11689 * It checks each scheduling domain to see if it is due to be balanced,
11690 * and initiates a balancing operation if so.
11692 * Balancing parameters are set up in init_sched_domains.
11694 static void sched_balance_domains(struct rq *rq, enum cpu_idle_type idle)
11696 int continue_balancing = 1;
11698 int busy = idle != CPU_IDLE && !sched_idle_cpu(cpu);
11699 unsigned long interval;
11700 struct sched_domain *sd;
11701 /* Earliest time when we have to do rebalance again */
11702 unsigned long next_balance = jiffies + 60*HZ;
11703 int update_next_balance = 0;
11704 int need_serialize, need_decay = 0;
11708 for_each_domain(cpu, sd) {
11710 * Decay the newidle max times here because this is a regular
11711 * visit to all the domains.
11713 need_decay = update_newidle_cost(sd, 0);
11714 max_cost += sd->max_newidle_lb_cost;
11717 * Stop the load balance at this level. There is another
11718 * CPU in our sched group which is doing load balancing more
11721 if (!continue_balancing) {
11727 interval = get_sd_balance_interval(sd, busy);
11729 need_serialize = sd->flags & SD_SERIALIZE;
11730 if (need_serialize) {
11731 if (atomic_cmpxchg_acquire(&sched_balance_running, 0, 1))
11735 if (time_after_eq(jiffies, sd->last_balance + interval)) {
11736 if (sched_balance_rq(cpu, rq, sd, idle, &continue_balancing)) {
11738 * The LBF_DST_PINNED logic could have changed
11739 * env->dst_cpu, so we can't know our idle
11740 * state even if we migrated tasks. Update it.
11742 idle = idle_cpu(cpu);
11743 busy = !idle && !sched_idle_cpu(cpu);
11745 sd->last_balance = jiffies;
11746 interval = get_sd_balance_interval(sd, busy);
11748 if (need_serialize)
11749 atomic_set_release(&sched_balance_running, 0);
11751 if (time_after(next_balance, sd->last_balance + interval)) {
11752 next_balance = sd->last_balance + interval;
11753 update_next_balance = 1;
11758 * Ensure the rq-wide value also decays but keep it at a
11759 * reasonable floor to avoid funnies with rq->avg_idle.
11761 rq->max_idle_balance_cost =
11762 max((u64)sysctl_sched_migration_cost, max_cost);
11767 * next_balance will be updated only when there is a need.
11768 * When the cpu is attached to null domain for ex, it will not be
11771 if (likely(update_next_balance))
11772 rq->next_balance = next_balance;
11776 static inline int on_null_domain(struct rq *rq)
11778 return unlikely(!rcu_dereference_sched(rq->sd));
11781 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON
11783 * NOHZ idle load balancing (ILB) details:
11785 * - When one of the busy CPUs notices that there may be an idle rebalancing
11786 * needed, they will kick the idle load balancer, which then does idle
11787 * load balancing for all the idle CPUs.
11789 * - HK_TYPE_MISC CPUs are used for this task, because HK_TYPE_SCHED is not set
11792 static inline int find_new_ilb(void)
11794 const struct cpumask *hk_mask;
11797 hk_mask = housekeeping_cpumask(HK_TYPE_MISC);
11799 for_each_cpu_and(ilb_cpu, nohz.idle_cpus_mask, hk_mask) {
11801 if (ilb_cpu == smp_processor_id())
11804 if (idle_cpu(ilb_cpu))
11812 * Kick a CPU to do the NOHZ balancing, if it is time for it, via a cross-CPU
11813 * SMP function call (IPI).
11815 * We pick the first idle CPU in the HK_TYPE_MISC housekeeping set (if there is one).
11817 static void kick_ilb(unsigned int flags)
11822 * Increase nohz.next_balance only when if full ilb is triggered but
11823 * not if we only update stats.
11825 if (flags & NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK)
11826 nohz.next_balance = jiffies+1;
11828 ilb_cpu = find_new_ilb();
11833 * Access to rq::nohz_csd is serialized by NOHZ_KICK_MASK; he who sets
11834 * the first flag owns it; cleared by nohz_csd_func().
11836 flags = atomic_fetch_or(flags, nohz_flags(ilb_cpu));
11837 if (flags & NOHZ_KICK_MASK)
11841 * This way we generate an IPI on the target CPU which
11842 * is idle, and the softirq performing NOHZ idle load balancing
11843 * will be run before returning from the IPI.
11845 smp_call_function_single_async(ilb_cpu, &cpu_rq(ilb_cpu)->nohz_csd);
11849 * Current decision point for kicking the idle load balancer in the presence
11850 * of idle CPUs in the system.
11852 static void nohz_balancer_kick(struct rq *rq)
11854 unsigned long now = jiffies;
11855 struct sched_domain_shared *sds;
11856 struct sched_domain *sd;
11857 int nr_busy, i, cpu = rq->cpu;
11858 unsigned int flags = 0;
11860 if (unlikely(rq->idle_balance))
11864 * We may be recently in ticked or tickless idle mode. At the first
11865 * busy tick after returning from idle, we will update the busy stats.
11867 nohz_balance_exit_idle(rq);
11870 * None are in tickless mode and hence no need for NOHZ idle load
11873 if (likely(!atomic_read(&nohz.nr_cpus)))
11876 if (READ_ONCE(nohz.has_blocked) &&
11877 time_after(now, READ_ONCE(nohz.next_blocked)))
11878 flags = NOHZ_STATS_KICK;
11880 if (time_before(now, nohz.next_balance))
11883 if (rq->nr_running >= 2) {
11884 flags = NOHZ_STATS_KICK | NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK;
11890 sd = rcu_dereference(rq->sd);
11893 * If there's a runnable CFS task and the current CPU has reduced
11894 * capacity, kick the ILB to see if there's a better CPU to run on:
11896 if (rq->cfs.h_nr_running >= 1 && check_cpu_capacity(rq, sd)) {
11897 flags = NOHZ_STATS_KICK | NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK;
11902 sd = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_asym_packing, cpu));
11905 * When ASYM_PACKING; see if there's a more preferred CPU
11906 * currently idle; in which case, kick the ILB to move tasks
11909 * When balancing between cores, all the SMT siblings of the
11910 * preferred CPU must be idle.
11912 for_each_cpu_and(i, sched_domain_span(sd), nohz.idle_cpus_mask) {
11913 if (sched_asym(sd, i, cpu)) {
11914 flags = NOHZ_STATS_KICK | NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK;
11920 sd = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_asym_cpucapacity, cpu));
11923 * When ASYM_CPUCAPACITY; see if there's a higher capacity CPU
11924 * to run the misfit task on.
11926 if (check_misfit_status(rq, sd)) {
11927 flags = NOHZ_STATS_KICK | NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK;
11932 * For asymmetric systems, we do not want to nicely balance
11933 * cache use, instead we want to embrace asymmetry and only
11934 * ensure tasks have enough CPU capacity.
11936 * Skip the LLC logic because it's not relevant in that case.
11941 sds = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc_shared, cpu));
11944 * If there is an imbalance between LLC domains (IOW we could
11945 * increase the overall cache utilization), we need a less-loaded LLC
11946 * domain to pull some load from. Likewise, we may need to spread
11947 * load within the current LLC domain (e.g. packed SMT cores but
11948 * other CPUs are idle). We can't really know from here how busy
11949 * the others are - so just get a NOHZ balance going if it looks
11950 * like this LLC domain has tasks we could move.
11952 nr_busy = atomic_read(&sds->nr_busy_cpus);
11954 flags = NOHZ_STATS_KICK | NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK;
11961 if (READ_ONCE(nohz.needs_update))
11962 flags |= NOHZ_NEXT_KICK;
11968 static void set_cpu_sd_state_busy(int cpu)
11970 struct sched_domain *sd;
11973 sd = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc, cpu));
11975 if (!sd || !sd->nohz_idle)
11979 atomic_inc(&sd->shared->nr_busy_cpus);
11984 void nohz_balance_exit_idle(struct rq *rq)
11986 SCHED_WARN_ON(rq != this_rq());
11988 if (likely(!rq->nohz_tick_stopped))
11991 rq->nohz_tick_stopped = 0;
11992 cpumask_clear_cpu(rq->cpu, nohz.idle_cpus_mask);
11993 atomic_dec(&nohz.nr_cpus);
11995 set_cpu_sd_state_busy(rq->cpu);
11998 static void set_cpu_sd_state_idle(int cpu)
12000 struct sched_domain *sd;
12003 sd = rcu_dereference(per_cpu(sd_llc, cpu));
12005 if (!sd || sd->nohz_idle)
12009 atomic_dec(&sd->shared->nr_busy_cpus);
12015 * This routine will record that the CPU is going idle with tick stopped.
12016 * This info will be used in performing idle load balancing in the future.
12018 void nohz_balance_enter_idle(int cpu)
12020 struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
12022 SCHED_WARN_ON(cpu != smp_processor_id());
12024 /* If this CPU is going down, then nothing needs to be done: */
12025 if (!cpu_active(cpu))
12028 /* Spare idle load balancing on CPUs that don't want to be disturbed: */
12029 if (!housekeeping_cpu(cpu, HK_TYPE_SCHED))
12033 * Can be set safely without rq->lock held
12034 * If a clear happens, it will have evaluated last additions because
12035 * rq->lock is held during the check and the clear
12037 rq->has_blocked_load = 1;
12040 * The tick is still stopped but load could have been added in the
12041 * meantime. We set the nohz.has_blocked flag to trig a check of the
12042 * *_avg. The CPU is already part of nohz.idle_cpus_mask so the clear
12043 * of nohz.has_blocked can only happen after checking the new load
12045 if (rq->nohz_tick_stopped)
12048 /* If we're a completely isolated CPU, we don't play: */
12049 if (on_null_domain(rq))
12052 rq->nohz_tick_stopped = 1;
12054 cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, nohz.idle_cpus_mask);
12055 atomic_inc(&nohz.nr_cpus);
12058 * Ensures that if nohz_idle_balance() fails to observe our
12059 * @idle_cpus_mask store, it must observe the @has_blocked
12060 * and @needs_update stores.
12062 smp_mb__after_atomic();
12064 set_cpu_sd_state_idle(cpu);
12066 WRITE_ONCE(nohz.needs_update, 1);
12069 * Each time a cpu enter idle, we assume that it has blocked load and
12070 * enable the periodic update of the load of idle CPUs
12072 WRITE_ONCE(nohz.has_blocked, 1);
12075 static bool update_nohz_stats(struct rq *rq)
12077 unsigned int cpu = rq->cpu;
12079 if (!rq->has_blocked_load)
12082 if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, nohz.idle_cpus_mask))
12085 if (!time_after(jiffies, READ_ONCE(rq->last_blocked_load_update_tick)))
12088 sched_balance_update_blocked_averages(cpu);
12090 return rq->has_blocked_load;
12094 * Internal function that runs load balance for all idle CPUs. The load balance
12095 * can be a simple update of blocked load or a complete load balance with
12096 * tasks movement depending of flags.
12098 static void _nohz_idle_balance(struct rq *this_rq, unsigned int flags)
12100 /* Earliest time when we have to do rebalance again */
12101 unsigned long now = jiffies;
12102 unsigned long next_balance = now + 60*HZ;
12103 bool has_blocked_load = false;
12104 int update_next_balance = 0;
12105 int this_cpu = this_rq->cpu;
12109 SCHED_WARN_ON((flags & NOHZ_KICK_MASK) == NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK);
12112 * We assume there will be no idle load after this update and clear
12113 * the has_blocked flag. If a cpu enters idle in the mean time, it will
12114 * set the has_blocked flag and trigger another update of idle load.
12115 * Because a cpu that becomes idle, is added to idle_cpus_mask before
12116 * setting the flag, we are sure to not clear the state and not
12117 * check the load of an idle cpu.
12119 * Same applies to idle_cpus_mask vs needs_update.
12121 if (flags & NOHZ_STATS_KICK)
12122 WRITE_ONCE(nohz.has_blocked, 0);
12123 if (flags & NOHZ_NEXT_KICK)
12124 WRITE_ONCE(nohz.needs_update, 0);
12127 * Ensures that if we miss the CPU, we must see the has_blocked
12128 * store from nohz_balance_enter_idle().
12133 * Start with the next CPU after this_cpu so we will end with this_cpu and let a
12134 * chance for other idle cpu to pull load.
12136 for_each_cpu_wrap(balance_cpu, nohz.idle_cpus_mask, this_cpu+1) {
12137 if (!idle_cpu(balance_cpu))
12141 * If this CPU gets work to do, stop the load balancing
12142 * work being done for other CPUs. Next load
12143 * balancing owner will pick it up.
12145 if (need_resched()) {
12146 if (flags & NOHZ_STATS_KICK)
12147 has_blocked_load = true;
12148 if (flags & NOHZ_NEXT_KICK)
12149 WRITE_ONCE(nohz.needs_update, 1);
12153 rq = cpu_rq(balance_cpu);
12155 if (flags & NOHZ_STATS_KICK)
12156 has_blocked_load |= update_nohz_stats(rq);
12159 * If time for next balance is due,
12162 if (time_after_eq(jiffies, rq->next_balance)) {
12163 struct rq_flags rf;
12165 rq_lock_irqsave(rq, &rf);
12166 update_rq_clock(rq);
12167 rq_unlock_irqrestore(rq, &rf);
12169 if (flags & NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK)
12170 sched_balance_domains(rq, CPU_IDLE);
12173 if (time_after(next_balance, rq->next_balance)) {
12174 next_balance = rq->next_balance;
12175 update_next_balance = 1;
12180 * next_balance will be updated only when there is a need.
12181 * When the CPU is attached to null domain for ex, it will not be
12184 if (likely(update_next_balance))
12185 nohz.next_balance = next_balance;
12187 if (flags & NOHZ_STATS_KICK)
12188 WRITE_ONCE(nohz.next_blocked,
12189 now + msecs_to_jiffies(LOAD_AVG_PERIOD));
12192 /* There is still blocked load, enable periodic update */
12193 if (has_blocked_load)
12194 WRITE_ONCE(nohz.has_blocked, 1);
12198 * In CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON case, the idle balance kickee will do the
12199 * rebalancing for all the CPUs for whom scheduler ticks are stopped.
12201 static bool nohz_idle_balance(struct rq *this_rq, enum cpu_idle_type idle)
12203 unsigned int flags = this_rq->nohz_idle_balance;
12208 this_rq->nohz_idle_balance = 0;
12210 if (idle != CPU_IDLE)
12213 _nohz_idle_balance(this_rq, flags);
12219 * Check if we need to directly run the ILB for updating blocked load before
12220 * entering idle state. Here we run ILB directly without issuing IPIs.
12222 * Note that when this function is called, the tick may not yet be stopped on
12223 * this CPU yet. nohz.idle_cpus_mask is updated only when tick is stopped and
12224 * cleared on the next busy tick. In other words, nohz.idle_cpus_mask updates
12225 * don't align with CPUs enter/exit idle to avoid bottlenecks due to high idle
12226 * entry/exit rate (usec). So it is possible that _nohz_idle_balance() is
12227 * called from this function on (this) CPU that's not yet in the mask. That's
12228 * OK because the goal of nohz_run_idle_balance() is to run ILB only for
12229 * updating the blocked load of already idle CPUs without waking up one of
12230 * those idle CPUs and outside the preempt disable / IRQ off phase of the local
12231 * cpu about to enter idle, because it can take a long time.
12233 void nohz_run_idle_balance(int cpu)
12235 unsigned int flags;
12237 flags = atomic_fetch_andnot(NOHZ_NEWILB_KICK, nohz_flags(cpu));
12240 * Update the blocked load only if no SCHED_SOFTIRQ is about to happen
12241 * (i.e. NOHZ_STATS_KICK set) and will do the same.
12243 if ((flags == NOHZ_NEWILB_KICK) && !need_resched())
12244 _nohz_idle_balance(cpu_rq(cpu), NOHZ_STATS_KICK);
12247 static void nohz_newidle_balance(struct rq *this_rq)
12249 int this_cpu = this_rq->cpu;
12252 * This CPU doesn't want to be disturbed by scheduler
12255 if (!housekeeping_cpu(this_cpu, HK_TYPE_SCHED))
12258 /* Will wake up very soon. No time for doing anything else*/
12259 if (this_rq->avg_idle < sysctl_sched_migration_cost)
12262 /* Don't need to update blocked load of idle CPUs*/
12263 if (!READ_ONCE(nohz.has_blocked) ||
12264 time_before(jiffies, READ_ONCE(nohz.next_blocked)))
12268 * Set the need to trigger ILB in order to update blocked load
12269 * before entering idle state.
12271 atomic_or(NOHZ_NEWILB_KICK, nohz_flags(this_cpu));
12274 #else /* !CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON */
12275 static inline void nohz_balancer_kick(struct rq *rq) { }
12277 static inline bool nohz_idle_balance(struct rq *this_rq, enum cpu_idle_type idle)
12282 static inline void nohz_newidle_balance(struct rq *this_rq) { }
12283 #endif /* CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON */
12286 * sched_balance_newidle is called by schedule() if this_cpu is about to become
12287 * idle. Attempts to pull tasks from other CPUs.
12290 * < 0 - we released the lock and there are !fair tasks present
12291 * 0 - failed, no new tasks
12292 * > 0 - success, new (fair) tasks present
12294 static int sched_balance_newidle(struct rq *this_rq, struct rq_flags *rf)
12296 unsigned long next_balance = jiffies + HZ;
12297 int this_cpu = this_rq->cpu;
12298 u64 t0, t1, curr_cost = 0;
12299 struct sched_domain *sd;
12300 int pulled_task = 0;
12302 update_misfit_status(NULL, this_rq);
12305 * There is a task waiting to run. No need to search for one.
12306 * Return 0; the task will be enqueued when switching to idle.
12308 if (this_rq->ttwu_pending)
12312 * We must set idle_stamp _before_ calling idle_balance(), such that we
12313 * measure the duration of idle_balance() as idle time.
12315 this_rq->idle_stamp = rq_clock(this_rq);
12318 * Do not pull tasks towards !active CPUs...
12320 if (!cpu_active(this_cpu))
12324 * This is OK, because current is on_cpu, which avoids it being picked
12325 * for load-balance and preemption/IRQs are still disabled avoiding
12326 * further scheduler activity on it and we're being very careful to
12327 * re-start the picking loop.
12329 rq_unpin_lock(this_rq, rf);
12332 sd = rcu_dereference_check_sched_domain(this_rq->sd);
12334 if (!READ_ONCE(this_rq->rd->overload) ||
12335 (sd && this_rq->avg_idle < sd->max_newidle_lb_cost)) {
12338 update_next_balance(sd, &next_balance);
12345 raw_spin_rq_unlock(this_rq);
12347 t0 = sched_clock_cpu(this_cpu);
12348 sched_balance_update_blocked_averages(this_cpu);
12351 for_each_domain(this_cpu, sd) {
12352 int continue_balancing = 1;
12355 update_next_balance(sd, &next_balance);
12357 if (this_rq->avg_idle < curr_cost + sd->max_newidle_lb_cost)
12360 if (sd->flags & SD_BALANCE_NEWIDLE) {
12362 pulled_task = sched_balance_rq(this_cpu, this_rq,
12363 sd, CPU_NEWLY_IDLE,
12364 &continue_balancing);
12366 t1 = sched_clock_cpu(this_cpu);
12367 domain_cost = t1 - t0;
12368 update_newidle_cost(sd, domain_cost);
12370 curr_cost += domain_cost;
12375 * Stop searching for tasks to pull if there are
12376 * now runnable tasks on this rq.
12378 if (pulled_task || this_rq->nr_running > 0 ||
12379 this_rq->ttwu_pending)
12384 raw_spin_rq_lock(this_rq);
12386 if (curr_cost > this_rq->max_idle_balance_cost)
12387 this_rq->max_idle_balance_cost = curr_cost;
12390 * While browsing the domains, we released the rq lock, a task could
12391 * have been enqueued in the meantime. Since we're not going idle,
12392 * pretend we pulled a task.
12394 if (this_rq->cfs.h_nr_running && !pulled_task)
12397 /* Is there a task of a high priority class? */
12398 if (this_rq->nr_running != this_rq->cfs.h_nr_running)
12402 /* Move the next balance forward */
12403 if (time_after(this_rq->next_balance, next_balance))
12404 this_rq->next_balance = next_balance;
12407 this_rq->idle_stamp = 0;
12409 nohz_newidle_balance(this_rq);
12411 rq_repin_lock(this_rq, rf);
12413 return pulled_task;
12417 * This softirq handler is triggered via SCHED_SOFTIRQ from two places:
12419 * - directly from the local scheduler_tick() for periodic load balancing
12421 * - indirectly from a remote scheduler_tick() for NOHZ idle balancing
12422 * through the SMP cross-call nohz_csd_func()
12424 static __latent_entropy void sched_balance_softirq(struct softirq_action *h)
12426 struct rq *this_rq = this_rq();
12427 enum cpu_idle_type idle = this_rq->idle_balance;
12429 * If this CPU has a pending NOHZ_BALANCE_KICK, then do the
12430 * balancing on behalf of the other idle CPUs whose ticks are
12431 * stopped. Do nohz_idle_balance *before* sched_balance_domains to
12432 * give the idle CPUs a chance to load balance. Else we may
12433 * load balance only within the local sched_domain hierarchy
12434 * and abort nohz_idle_balance altogether if we pull some load.
12436 if (nohz_idle_balance(this_rq, idle))
12439 /* normal load balance */
12440 sched_balance_update_blocked_averages(this_rq->cpu);
12441 sched_balance_domains(this_rq, idle);
12445 * Trigger the SCHED_SOFTIRQ if it is time to do periodic load balancing.
12447 void sched_balance_trigger(struct rq *rq)
12450 * Don't need to rebalance while attached to NULL domain or
12451 * runqueue CPU is not active
12453 if (unlikely(on_null_domain(rq) || !cpu_active(cpu_of(rq))))
12456 if (time_after_eq(jiffies, rq->next_balance))
12457 raise_softirq(SCHED_SOFTIRQ);
12459 nohz_balancer_kick(rq);
12462 static void rq_online_fair(struct rq *rq)
12466 update_runtime_enabled(rq);
12469 static void rq_offline_fair(struct rq *rq)
12473 /* Ensure any throttled groups are reachable by pick_next_task */
12474 unthrottle_offline_cfs_rqs(rq);
12476 /* Ensure that we remove rq contribution to group share: */
12477 clear_tg_offline_cfs_rqs(rq);
12480 #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
12482 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_CORE
12484 __entity_slice_used(struct sched_entity *se, int min_nr_tasks)
12486 u64 rtime = se->sum_exec_runtime - se->prev_sum_exec_runtime;
12487 u64 slice = se->slice;
12489 return (rtime * min_nr_tasks > slice);
12492 #define MIN_NR_TASKS_DURING_FORCEIDLE 2
12493 static inline void task_tick_core(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *curr)
12495 if (!sched_core_enabled(rq))
12499 * If runqueue has only one task which used up its slice and
12500 * if the sibling is forced idle, then trigger schedule to
12501 * give forced idle task a chance.
12503 * sched_slice() considers only this active rq and it gets the
12504 * whole slice. But during force idle, we have siblings acting
12505 * like a single runqueue and hence we need to consider runnable
12506 * tasks on this CPU and the forced idle CPU. Ideally, we should
12507 * go through the forced idle rq, but that would be a perf hit.
12508 * We can assume that the forced idle CPU has at least
12509 * MIN_NR_TASKS_DURING_FORCEIDLE - 1 tasks and use that to check
12510 * if we need to give up the CPU.
12512 if (rq->core->core_forceidle_count && rq->cfs.nr_running == 1 &&
12513 __entity_slice_used(&curr->se, MIN_NR_TASKS_DURING_FORCEIDLE))
12518 * se_fi_update - Update the cfs_rq->min_vruntime_fi in a CFS hierarchy if needed.
12520 static void se_fi_update(const struct sched_entity *se, unsigned int fi_seq,
12523 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
12524 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
12527 if (cfs_rq->forceidle_seq == fi_seq)
12529 cfs_rq->forceidle_seq = fi_seq;
12532 cfs_rq->min_vruntime_fi = cfs_rq->min_vruntime;
12536 void task_vruntime_update(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, bool in_fi)
12538 struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
12540 if (p->sched_class != &fair_sched_class)
12543 se_fi_update(se, rq->core->core_forceidle_seq, in_fi);
12546 bool cfs_prio_less(const struct task_struct *a, const struct task_struct *b,
12549 struct rq *rq = task_rq(a);
12550 const struct sched_entity *sea = &a->se;
12551 const struct sched_entity *seb = &b->se;
12552 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rqa;
12553 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rqb;
12556 SCHED_WARN_ON(task_rq(b)->core != rq->core);
12558 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
12560 * Find an se in the hierarchy for tasks a and b, such that the se's
12561 * are immediate siblings.
12563 while (sea->cfs_rq->tg != seb->cfs_rq->tg) {
12564 int sea_depth = sea->depth;
12565 int seb_depth = seb->depth;
12567 if (sea_depth >= seb_depth)
12568 sea = parent_entity(sea);
12569 if (sea_depth <= seb_depth)
12570 seb = parent_entity(seb);
12573 se_fi_update(sea, rq->core->core_forceidle_seq, in_fi);
12574 se_fi_update(seb, rq->core->core_forceidle_seq, in_fi);
12576 cfs_rqa = sea->cfs_rq;
12577 cfs_rqb = seb->cfs_rq;
12579 cfs_rqa = &task_rq(a)->cfs;
12580 cfs_rqb = &task_rq(b)->cfs;
12584 * Find delta after normalizing se's vruntime with its cfs_rq's
12585 * min_vruntime_fi, which would have been updated in prior calls
12586 * to se_fi_update().
12588 delta = (s64)(sea->vruntime - seb->vruntime) +
12589 (s64)(cfs_rqb->min_vruntime_fi - cfs_rqa->min_vruntime_fi);
12594 static int task_is_throttled_fair(struct task_struct *p, int cpu)
12596 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
12598 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
12599 cfs_rq = task_group(p)->cfs_rq[cpu];
12601 cfs_rq = &cpu_rq(cpu)->cfs;
12603 return throttled_hierarchy(cfs_rq);
12606 static inline void task_tick_core(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *curr) {}
12610 * scheduler tick hitting a task of our scheduling class.
12612 * NOTE: This function can be called remotely by the tick offload that
12613 * goes along full dynticks. Therefore no local assumption can be made
12614 * and everything must be accessed through the @rq and @curr passed in
12617 static void task_tick_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *curr, int queued)
12619 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
12620 struct sched_entity *se = &curr->se;
12622 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
12623 cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
12624 entity_tick(cfs_rq, se, queued);
12627 if (static_branch_unlikely(&sched_numa_balancing))
12628 task_tick_numa(rq, curr);
12630 update_misfit_status(curr, rq);
12631 update_overutilized_status(task_rq(curr));
12633 task_tick_core(rq, curr);
12637 * called on fork with the child task as argument from the parent's context
12638 * - child not yet on the tasklist
12639 * - preemption disabled
12641 static void task_fork_fair(struct task_struct *p)
12643 struct sched_entity *se = &p->se, *curr;
12644 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
12645 struct rq *rq = this_rq();
12646 struct rq_flags rf;
12649 update_rq_clock(rq);
12651 cfs_rq = task_cfs_rq(current);
12652 curr = cfs_rq->curr;
12654 update_curr(cfs_rq);
12655 place_entity(cfs_rq, se, ENQUEUE_INITIAL);
12656 rq_unlock(rq, &rf);
12660 * Priority of the task has changed. Check to see if we preempt
12661 * the current task.
12664 prio_changed_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int oldprio)
12666 if (!task_on_rq_queued(p))
12669 if (rq->cfs.nr_running == 1)
12673 * Reschedule if we are currently running on this runqueue and
12674 * our priority decreased, or if we are not currently running on
12675 * this runqueue and our priority is higher than the current's
12677 if (task_current(rq, p)) {
12678 if (p->prio > oldprio)
12681 wakeup_preempt(rq, p, 0);
12684 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
12686 * Propagate the changes of the sched_entity across the tg tree to make it
12687 * visible to the root
12689 static void propagate_entity_cfs_rq(struct sched_entity *se)
12691 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
12693 if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
12696 if (!throttled_hierarchy(cfs_rq))
12697 list_add_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
12699 /* Start to propagate at parent */
12702 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
12703 cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
12705 update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG);
12707 if (cfs_rq_throttled(cfs_rq))
12710 if (!throttled_hierarchy(cfs_rq))
12711 list_add_leaf_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
12715 static void propagate_entity_cfs_rq(struct sched_entity *se) { }
12718 static void detach_entity_cfs_rq(struct sched_entity *se)
12720 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
12724 * In case the task sched_avg hasn't been attached:
12725 * - A forked task which hasn't been woken up by wake_up_new_task().
12726 * - A task which has been woken up by try_to_wake_up() but is
12727 * waiting for actually being woken up by sched_ttwu_pending().
12729 if (!se->avg.last_update_time)
12733 /* Catch up with the cfs_rq and remove our load when we leave */
12734 update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, 0);
12735 detach_entity_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
12736 update_tg_load_avg(cfs_rq);
12737 propagate_entity_cfs_rq(se);
12740 static void attach_entity_cfs_rq(struct sched_entity *se)
12742 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
12744 /* Synchronize entity with its cfs_rq */
12745 update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, sched_feat(ATTACH_AGE_LOAD) ? 0 : SKIP_AGE_LOAD);
12746 attach_entity_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
12747 update_tg_load_avg(cfs_rq);
12748 propagate_entity_cfs_rq(se);
12751 static void detach_task_cfs_rq(struct task_struct *p)
12753 struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
12755 detach_entity_cfs_rq(se);
12758 static void attach_task_cfs_rq(struct task_struct *p)
12760 struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
12762 attach_entity_cfs_rq(se);
12765 static void switched_from_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
12767 detach_task_cfs_rq(p);
12770 static void switched_to_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
12772 attach_task_cfs_rq(p);
12774 if (task_on_rq_queued(p)) {
12776 * We were most likely switched from sched_rt, so
12777 * kick off the schedule if running, otherwise just see
12778 * if we can still preempt the current task.
12780 if (task_current(rq, p))
12783 wakeup_preempt(rq, p, 0);
12787 /* Account for a task changing its policy or group.
12789 * This routine is mostly called to set cfs_rq->curr field when a task
12790 * migrates between groups/classes.
12792 static void set_next_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, bool first)
12794 struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
12797 if (task_on_rq_queued(p)) {
12799 * Move the next running task to the front of the list, so our
12800 * cfs_tasks list becomes MRU one.
12802 list_move(&se->group_node, &rq->cfs_tasks);
12806 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
12807 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
12809 set_next_entity(cfs_rq, se);
12810 /* ensure bandwidth has been allocated on our new cfs_rq */
12811 account_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq, 0);
12815 void init_cfs_rq(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
12817 cfs_rq->tasks_timeline = RB_ROOT_CACHED;
12818 u64_u32_store(cfs_rq->min_vruntime, (u64)(-(1LL << 20)));
12820 raw_spin_lock_init(&cfs_rq->removed.lock);
12824 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
12825 static void task_change_group_fair(struct task_struct *p)
12828 * We couldn't detach or attach a forked task which
12829 * hasn't been woken up by wake_up_new_task().
12831 if (READ_ONCE(p->__state) == TASK_NEW)
12834 detach_task_cfs_rq(p);
12837 /* Tell se's cfs_rq has been changed -- migrated */
12838 p->se.avg.last_update_time = 0;
12840 set_task_rq(p, task_cpu(p));
12841 attach_task_cfs_rq(p);
12844 void free_fair_sched_group(struct task_group *tg)
12848 for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
12850 kfree(tg->cfs_rq[i]);
12859 int alloc_fair_sched_group(struct task_group *tg, struct task_group *parent)
12861 struct sched_entity *se;
12862 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
12865 tg->cfs_rq = kcalloc(nr_cpu_ids, sizeof(cfs_rq), GFP_KERNEL);
12868 tg->se = kcalloc(nr_cpu_ids, sizeof(se), GFP_KERNEL);
12872 tg->shares = NICE_0_LOAD;
12874 init_cfs_bandwidth(tg_cfs_bandwidth(tg), tg_cfs_bandwidth(parent));
12876 for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
12877 cfs_rq = kzalloc_node(sizeof(struct cfs_rq),
12878 GFP_KERNEL, cpu_to_node(i));
12882 se = kzalloc_node(sizeof(struct sched_entity_stats),
12883 GFP_KERNEL, cpu_to_node(i));
12887 init_cfs_rq(cfs_rq);
12888 init_tg_cfs_entry(tg, cfs_rq, se, i, parent->se[i]);
12889 init_entity_runnable_average(se);
12900 void online_fair_sched_group(struct task_group *tg)
12902 struct sched_entity *se;
12903 struct rq_flags rf;
12907 for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
12910 rq_lock_irq(rq, &rf);
12911 update_rq_clock(rq);
12912 attach_entity_cfs_rq(se);
12913 sync_throttle(tg, i);
12914 rq_unlock_irq(rq, &rf);
12918 void unregister_fair_sched_group(struct task_group *tg)
12920 unsigned long flags;
12924 destroy_cfs_bandwidth(tg_cfs_bandwidth(tg));
12926 for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
12928 remove_entity_load_avg(tg->se[cpu]);
12931 * Only empty task groups can be destroyed; so we can speculatively
12932 * check on_list without danger of it being re-added.
12934 if (!tg->cfs_rq[cpu]->on_list)
12939 raw_spin_rq_lock_irqsave(rq, flags);
12940 list_del_leaf_cfs_rq(tg->cfs_rq[cpu]);
12941 raw_spin_rq_unlock_irqrestore(rq, flags);
12945 void init_tg_cfs_entry(struct task_group *tg, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq,
12946 struct sched_entity *se, int cpu,
12947 struct sched_entity *parent)
12949 struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
12953 init_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq);
12955 tg->cfs_rq[cpu] = cfs_rq;
12958 /* se could be NULL for root_task_group */
12963 se->cfs_rq = &rq->cfs;
12966 se->cfs_rq = parent->my_q;
12967 se->depth = parent->depth + 1;
12971 /* guarantee group entities always have weight */
12972 update_load_set(&se->load, NICE_0_LOAD);
12973 se->parent = parent;
12976 static DEFINE_MUTEX(shares_mutex);
12978 static int __sched_group_set_shares(struct task_group *tg, unsigned long shares)
12982 lockdep_assert_held(&shares_mutex);
12985 * We can't change the weight of the root cgroup.
12990 shares = clamp(shares, scale_load(MIN_SHARES), scale_load(MAX_SHARES));
12992 if (tg->shares == shares)
12995 tg->shares = shares;
12996 for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
12997 struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(i);
12998 struct sched_entity *se = tg->se[i];
12999 struct rq_flags rf;
13001 /* Propagate contribution to hierarchy */
13002 rq_lock_irqsave(rq, &rf);
13003 update_rq_clock(rq);
13004 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
13005 update_load_avg(cfs_rq_of(se), se, UPDATE_TG);
13006 update_cfs_group(se);
13008 rq_unlock_irqrestore(rq, &rf);
13014 int sched_group_set_shares(struct task_group *tg, unsigned long shares)
13018 mutex_lock(&shares_mutex);
13019 if (tg_is_idle(tg))
13022 ret = __sched_group_set_shares(tg, shares);
13023 mutex_unlock(&shares_mutex);
13028 int sched_group_set_idle(struct task_group *tg, long idle)
13032 if (tg == &root_task_group)
13035 if (idle < 0 || idle > 1)
13038 mutex_lock(&shares_mutex);
13040 if (tg->idle == idle) {
13041 mutex_unlock(&shares_mutex);
13047 for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
13048 struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(i);
13049 struct sched_entity *se = tg->se[i];
13050 struct cfs_rq *parent_cfs_rq, *grp_cfs_rq = tg->cfs_rq[i];
13051 bool was_idle = cfs_rq_is_idle(grp_cfs_rq);
13052 long idle_task_delta;
13053 struct rq_flags rf;
13055 rq_lock_irqsave(rq, &rf);
13057 grp_cfs_rq->idle = idle;
13058 if (WARN_ON_ONCE(was_idle == cfs_rq_is_idle(grp_cfs_rq)))
13062 parent_cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
13063 if (cfs_rq_is_idle(grp_cfs_rq))
13064 parent_cfs_rq->idle_nr_running++;
13066 parent_cfs_rq->idle_nr_running--;
13069 idle_task_delta = grp_cfs_rq->h_nr_running -
13070 grp_cfs_rq->idle_h_nr_running;
13071 if (!cfs_rq_is_idle(grp_cfs_rq))
13072 idle_task_delta *= -1;
13074 for_each_sched_entity(se) {
13075 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
13080 cfs_rq->idle_h_nr_running += idle_task_delta;
13082 /* Already accounted at parent level and above. */
13083 if (cfs_rq_is_idle(cfs_rq))
13088 rq_unlock_irqrestore(rq, &rf);
13091 /* Idle groups have minimum weight. */
13092 if (tg_is_idle(tg))
13093 __sched_group_set_shares(tg, scale_load(WEIGHT_IDLEPRIO));
13095 __sched_group_set_shares(tg, NICE_0_LOAD);
13097 mutex_unlock(&shares_mutex);
13101 #endif /* CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED */
13104 static unsigned int get_rr_interval_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *task)
13106 struct sched_entity *se = &task->se;
13107 unsigned int rr_interval = 0;
13110 * Time slice is 0 for SCHED_OTHER tasks that are on an otherwise
13113 if (rq->cfs.load.weight)
13114 rr_interval = NS_TO_JIFFIES(se->slice);
13116 return rr_interval;
13120 * All the scheduling class methods:
13122 DEFINE_SCHED_CLASS(fair) = {
13124 .enqueue_task = enqueue_task_fair,
13125 .dequeue_task = dequeue_task_fair,
13126 .yield_task = yield_task_fair,
13127 .yield_to_task = yield_to_task_fair,
13129 .wakeup_preempt = check_preempt_wakeup_fair,
13131 .pick_next_task = __pick_next_task_fair,
13132 .put_prev_task = put_prev_task_fair,
13133 .set_next_task = set_next_task_fair,
13136 .balance = balance_fair,
13137 .pick_task = pick_task_fair,
13138 .select_task_rq = select_task_rq_fair,
13139 .migrate_task_rq = migrate_task_rq_fair,
13141 .rq_online = rq_online_fair,
13142 .rq_offline = rq_offline_fair,
13144 .task_dead = task_dead_fair,
13145 .set_cpus_allowed = set_cpus_allowed_common,
13148 .task_tick = task_tick_fair,
13149 .task_fork = task_fork_fair,
13151 .prio_changed = prio_changed_fair,
13152 .switched_from = switched_from_fair,
13153 .switched_to = switched_to_fair,
13155 .get_rr_interval = get_rr_interval_fair,
13157 .update_curr = update_curr_fair,
13159 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
13160 .task_change_group = task_change_group_fair,
13163 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_CORE
13164 .task_is_throttled = task_is_throttled_fair,
13167 #ifdef CONFIG_UCLAMP_TASK
13168 .uclamp_enabled = 1,
13172 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG
13173 void print_cfs_stats(struct seq_file *m, int cpu)
13175 struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, *pos;
13178 for_each_leaf_cfs_rq_safe(cpu_rq(cpu), cfs_rq, pos)
13179 print_cfs_rq(m, cpu, cfs_rq);
13183 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
13184 void show_numa_stats(struct task_struct *p, struct seq_file *m)
13187 unsigned long tsf = 0, tpf = 0, gsf = 0, gpf = 0;
13188 struct numa_group *ng;
13191 ng = rcu_dereference(p->numa_group);
13192 for_each_online_node(node) {
13193 if (p->numa_faults) {
13194 tsf = p->numa_faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, node, 0)];
13195 tpf = p->numa_faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, node, 1)];
13198 gsf = ng->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, node, 0)],
13199 gpf = ng->faults[task_faults_idx(NUMA_MEM, node, 1)];
13201 print_numa_stats(m, node, tsf, tpf, gsf, gpf);
13205 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
13206 #endif /* CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG */
13208 __init void init_sched_fair_class(void)
13213 for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
13214 zalloc_cpumask_var_node(&per_cpu(load_balance_mask, i), GFP_KERNEL, cpu_to_node(i));
13215 zalloc_cpumask_var_node(&per_cpu(select_rq_mask, i), GFP_KERNEL, cpu_to_node(i));
13216 zalloc_cpumask_var_node(&per_cpu(should_we_balance_tmpmask, i),
13217 GFP_KERNEL, cpu_to_node(i));
13219 #ifdef CONFIG_CFS_BANDWIDTH
13220 INIT_CSD(&cpu_rq(i)->cfsb_csd, __cfsb_csd_unthrottle, cpu_rq(i));
13221 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cpu_rq(i)->cfsb_csd_list);
13225 open_softirq(SCHED_SOFTIRQ, sched_balance_softirq);
13227 #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON
13228 nohz.next_balance = jiffies;
13229 nohz.next_blocked = jiffies;
13230 zalloc_cpumask_var(&nohz.idle_cpus_mask, GFP_NOWAIT);