4 #include <linux/errno.h>
8 #include <linux/mmdebug.h>
10 #include <linux/bug.h>
11 #include <linux/list.h>
12 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
13 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
14 #include <linux/atomic.h>
15 #include <linux/debug_locks.h>
16 #include <linux/mm_types.h>
17 #include <linux/range.h>
18 #include <linux/pfn.h>
19 #include <linux/percpu-refcount.h>
20 #include <linux/bit_spinlock.h>
21 #include <linux/shrinker.h>
22 #include <linux/resource.h>
23 #include <linux/page_ext.h>
24 #include <linux/err.h>
25 #include <linux/page_ref.h>
29 struct anon_vma_chain;
32 struct writeback_control;
35 #ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES /* Don't use mapnrs, do it properly */
36 extern unsigned long max_mapnr;
38 static inline void set_max_mapnr(unsigned long limit)
43 static inline void set_max_mapnr(unsigned long limit) { }
46 extern unsigned long totalram_pages;
47 extern void * high_memory;
48 extern int page_cluster;
51 extern int sysctl_legacy_va_layout;
53 #define sysctl_legacy_va_layout 0
56 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS
57 extern const int mmap_rnd_bits_min;
58 extern const int mmap_rnd_bits_max;
59 extern int mmap_rnd_bits __read_mostly;
61 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS
62 extern const int mmap_rnd_compat_bits_min;
63 extern const int mmap_rnd_compat_bits_max;
64 extern int mmap_rnd_compat_bits __read_mostly;
68 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
69 #include <asm/processor.h>
72 #define __pa_symbol(x) __pa(RELOC_HIDE((unsigned long)(x), 0))
76 #define page_to_virt(x) __va(PFN_PHYS(page_to_pfn(x)))
80 #define lm_alias(x) __va(__pa_symbol(x))
84 * To prevent common memory management code establishing
85 * a zero page mapping on a read fault.
86 * This macro should be defined within <asm/pgtable.h>.
87 * s390 does this to prevent multiplexing of hardware bits
88 * related to the physical page in case of virtualization.
90 #ifndef mm_forbids_zeropage
91 #define mm_forbids_zeropage(X) (0)
95 * Default maximum number of active map areas, this limits the number of vmas
96 * per mm struct. Users can overwrite this number by sysctl but there is a
99 * When a program's coredump is generated as ELF format, a section is created
100 * per a vma. In ELF, the number of sections is represented in unsigned short.
101 * This means the number of sections should be smaller than 65535 at coredump.
102 * Because the kernel adds some informative sections to a image of program at
103 * generating coredump, we need some margin. The number of extra sections is
104 * 1-3 now and depends on arch. We use "5" as safe margin, here.
106 * ELF extended numbering allows more than 65535 sections, so 16-bit bound is
107 * not a hard limit any more. Although some userspace tools can be surprised by
110 #define MAPCOUNT_ELF_CORE_MARGIN (5)
111 #define DEFAULT_MAX_MAP_COUNT (USHRT_MAX - MAPCOUNT_ELF_CORE_MARGIN)
113 extern int sysctl_max_map_count;
115 extern unsigned long sysctl_user_reserve_kbytes;
116 extern unsigned long sysctl_admin_reserve_kbytes;
118 extern int sysctl_overcommit_memory;
119 extern int sysctl_overcommit_ratio;
120 extern unsigned long sysctl_overcommit_kbytes;
122 extern int overcommit_ratio_handler(struct ctl_table *, int, void __user *,
124 extern int overcommit_kbytes_handler(struct ctl_table *, int, void __user *,
127 #define nth_page(page,n) pfn_to_page(page_to_pfn((page)) + (n))
129 /* to align the pointer to the (next) page boundary */
130 #define PAGE_ALIGN(addr) ALIGN(addr, PAGE_SIZE)
132 /* test whether an address (unsigned long or pointer) is aligned to PAGE_SIZE */
133 #define PAGE_ALIGNED(addr) IS_ALIGNED((unsigned long)(addr), PAGE_SIZE)
136 * Linux kernel virtual memory manager primitives.
137 * The idea being to have a "virtual" mm in the same way
138 * we have a virtual fs - giving a cleaner interface to the
139 * mm details, and allowing different kinds of memory mappings
140 * (from shared memory to executable loading to arbitrary
144 extern struct kmem_cache *vm_area_cachep;
147 extern struct rb_root nommu_region_tree;
148 extern struct rw_semaphore nommu_region_sem;
150 extern unsigned int kobjsize(const void *objp);
154 * vm_flags in vm_area_struct, see mm_types.h.
155 * When changing, update also include/trace/events/mmflags.h
157 #define VM_NONE 0x00000000
159 #define VM_READ 0x00000001 /* currently active flags */
160 #define VM_WRITE 0x00000002
161 #define VM_EXEC 0x00000004
162 #define VM_SHARED 0x00000008
164 /* mprotect() hardcodes VM_MAYREAD >> 4 == VM_READ, and so for r/w/x bits. */
165 #define VM_MAYREAD 0x00000010 /* limits for mprotect() etc */
166 #define VM_MAYWRITE 0x00000020
167 #define VM_MAYEXEC 0x00000040
168 #define VM_MAYSHARE 0x00000080
170 #define VM_GROWSDOWN 0x00000100 /* general info on the segment */
171 #define VM_UFFD_MISSING 0x00000200 /* missing pages tracking */
172 #define VM_PFNMAP 0x00000400 /* Page-ranges managed without "struct page", just pure PFN */
173 #define VM_DENYWRITE 0x00000800 /* ETXTBSY on write attempts.. */
174 #define VM_UFFD_WP 0x00001000 /* wrprotect pages tracking */
176 #define VM_LOCKED 0x00002000
177 #define VM_IO 0x00004000 /* Memory mapped I/O or similar */
179 /* Used by sys_madvise() */
180 #define VM_SEQ_READ 0x00008000 /* App will access data sequentially */
181 #define VM_RAND_READ 0x00010000 /* App will not benefit from clustered reads */
183 #define VM_DONTCOPY 0x00020000 /* Do not copy this vma on fork */
184 #define VM_DONTEXPAND 0x00040000 /* Cannot expand with mremap() */
185 #define VM_LOCKONFAULT 0x00080000 /* Lock the pages covered when they are faulted in */
186 #define VM_ACCOUNT 0x00100000 /* Is a VM accounted object */
187 #define VM_NORESERVE 0x00200000 /* should the VM suppress accounting */
188 #define VM_HUGETLB 0x00400000 /* Huge TLB Page VM */
189 #define VM_ARCH_1 0x01000000 /* Architecture-specific flag */
190 #define VM_ARCH_2 0x02000000
191 #define VM_DONTDUMP 0x04000000 /* Do not include in the core dump */
193 #ifdef CONFIG_MEM_SOFT_DIRTY
194 # define VM_SOFTDIRTY 0x08000000 /* Not soft dirty clean area */
196 # define VM_SOFTDIRTY 0
199 #define VM_MIXEDMAP 0x10000000 /* Can contain "struct page" and pure PFN pages */
200 #define VM_HUGEPAGE 0x20000000 /* MADV_HUGEPAGE marked this vma */
201 #define VM_NOHUGEPAGE 0x40000000 /* MADV_NOHUGEPAGE marked this vma */
202 #define VM_MERGEABLE 0x80000000 /* KSM may merge identical pages */
204 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_USES_HIGH_VMA_FLAGS
205 #define VM_HIGH_ARCH_BIT_0 32 /* bit only usable on 64-bit architectures */
206 #define VM_HIGH_ARCH_BIT_1 33 /* bit only usable on 64-bit architectures */
207 #define VM_HIGH_ARCH_BIT_2 34 /* bit only usable on 64-bit architectures */
208 #define VM_HIGH_ARCH_BIT_3 35 /* bit only usable on 64-bit architectures */
209 #define VM_HIGH_ARCH_0 BIT(VM_HIGH_ARCH_BIT_0)
210 #define VM_HIGH_ARCH_1 BIT(VM_HIGH_ARCH_BIT_1)
211 #define VM_HIGH_ARCH_2 BIT(VM_HIGH_ARCH_BIT_2)
212 #define VM_HIGH_ARCH_3 BIT(VM_HIGH_ARCH_BIT_3)
213 #endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_USES_HIGH_VMA_FLAGS */
215 #if defined(CONFIG_X86)
216 # define VM_PAT VM_ARCH_1 /* PAT reserves whole VMA at once (x86) */
217 #if defined (CONFIG_X86_INTEL_MEMORY_PROTECTION_KEYS)
218 # define VM_PKEY_SHIFT VM_HIGH_ARCH_BIT_0
219 # define VM_PKEY_BIT0 VM_HIGH_ARCH_0 /* A protection key is a 4-bit value */
220 # define VM_PKEY_BIT1 VM_HIGH_ARCH_1
221 # define VM_PKEY_BIT2 VM_HIGH_ARCH_2
222 # define VM_PKEY_BIT3 VM_HIGH_ARCH_3
224 #elif defined(CONFIG_PPC)
225 # define VM_SAO VM_ARCH_1 /* Strong Access Ordering (powerpc) */
226 #elif defined(CONFIG_PARISC)
227 # define VM_GROWSUP VM_ARCH_1
228 #elif defined(CONFIG_METAG)
229 # define VM_GROWSUP VM_ARCH_1
230 #elif defined(CONFIG_IA64)
231 # define VM_GROWSUP VM_ARCH_1
232 #elif !defined(CONFIG_MMU)
233 # define VM_MAPPED_COPY VM_ARCH_1 /* T if mapped copy of data (nommu mmap) */
236 #if defined(CONFIG_X86)
237 /* MPX specific bounds table or bounds directory */
238 # define VM_MPX VM_ARCH_2
242 # define VM_GROWSUP VM_NONE
245 /* Bits set in the VMA until the stack is in its final location */
246 #define VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP (VM_RAND_READ | VM_SEQ_READ)
248 #ifndef VM_STACK_DEFAULT_FLAGS /* arch can override this */
249 #define VM_STACK_DEFAULT_FLAGS VM_DATA_DEFAULT_FLAGS
252 #ifdef CONFIG_STACK_GROWSUP
253 #define VM_STACK VM_GROWSUP
255 #define VM_STACK VM_GROWSDOWN
258 #define VM_STACK_FLAGS (VM_STACK | VM_STACK_DEFAULT_FLAGS | VM_ACCOUNT)
261 * Special vmas that are non-mergable, non-mlock()able.
262 * Note: mm/huge_memory.c VM_NO_THP depends on this definition.
264 #define VM_SPECIAL (VM_IO | VM_DONTEXPAND | VM_PFNMAP | VM_MIXEDMAP)
266 /* This mask defines which mm->def_flags a process can inherit its parent */
267 #define VM_INIT_DEF_MASK VM_NOHUGEPAGE
269 /* This mask is used to clear all the VMA flags used by mlock */
270 #define VM_LOCKED_CLEAR_MASK (~(VM_LOCKED | VM_LOCKONFAULT))
273 * mapping from the currently active vm_flags protection bits (the
274 * low four bits) to a page protection mask..
276 extern pgprot_t protection_map[16];
278 #define FAULT_FLAG_WRITE 0x01 /* Fault was a write access */
279 #define FAULT_FLAG_MKWRITE 0x02 /* Fault was mkwrite of existing pte */
280 #define FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY 0x04 /* Retry fault if blocking */
281 #define FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT 0x08 /* Don't drop mmap_sem and wait when retrying */
282 #define FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE 0x10 /* The fault task is in SIGKILL killable region */
283 #define FAULT_FLAG_TRIED 0x20 /* Second try */
284 #define FAULT_FLAG_USER 0x40 /* The fault originated in userspace */
285 #define FAULT_FLAG_REMOTE 0x80 /* faulting for non current tsk/mm */
286 #define FAULT_FLAG_INSTRUCTION 0x100 /* The fault was during an instruction fetch */
288 #define FAULT_FLAG_TRACE \
289 { FAULT_FLAG_WRITE, "WRITE" }, \
290 { FAULT_FLAG_MKWRITE, "MKWRITE" }, \
291 { FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY, "ALLOW_RETRY" }, \
292 { FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT, "RETRY_NOWAIT" }, \
293 { FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE, "KILLABLE" }, \
294 { FAULT_FLAG_TRIED, "TRIED" }, \
295 { FAULT_FLAG_USER, "USER" }, \
296 { FAULT_FLAG_REMOTE, "REMOTE" }, \
297 { FAULT_FLAG_INSTRUCTION, "INSTRUCTION" }
300 * vm_fault is filled by the the pagefault handler and passed to the vma's
301 * ->fault function. The vma's ->fault is responsible for returning a bitmask
302 * of VM_FAULT_xxx flags that give details about how the fault was handled.
304 * MM layer fills up gfp_mask for page allocations but fault handler might
305 * alter it if its implementation requires a different allocation context.
307 * pgoff should be used in favour of virtual_address, if possible.
310 struct vm_area_struct *vma; /* Target VMA */
311 unsigned int flags; /* FAULT_FLAG_xxx flags */
312 gfp_t gfp_mask; /* gfp mask to be used for allocations */
313 pgoff_t pgoff; /* Logical page offset based on vma */
314 unsigned long address; /* Faulting virtual address */
315 pmd_t *pmd; /* Pointer to pmd entry matching
317 pud_t *pud; /* Pointer to pud entry matching
320 pte_t orig_pte; /* Value of PTE at the time of fault */
322 struct page *cow_page; /* Page handler may use for COW fault */
323 struct mem_cgroup *memcg; /* Cgroup cow_page belongs to */
324 struct page *page; /* ->fault handlers should return a
325 * page here, unless VM_FAULT_NOPAGE
326 * is set (which is also implied by
329 /* These three entries are valid only while holding ptl lock */
330 pte_t *pte; /* Pointer to pte entry matching
331 * the 'address'. NULL if the page
332 * table hasn't been allocated.
334 spinlock_t *ptl; /* Page table lock.
335 * Protects pte page table if 'pte'
336 * is not NULL, otherwise pmd.
338 pgtable_t prealloc_pte; /* Pre-allocated pte page table.
339 * vm_ops->map_pages() calls
340 * alloc_set_pte() from atomic context.
341 * do_fault_around() pre-allocates
342 * page table to avoid allocation from
347 /* page entry size for vm->huge_fault() */
348 enum page_entry_size {
355 * These are the virtual MM functions - opening of an area, closing and
356 * unmapping it (needed to keep files on disk up-to-date etc), pointer
357 * to the functions called when a no-page or a wp-page exception occurs.
359 struct vm_operations_struct {
360 void (*open)(struct vm_area_struct * area);
361 void (*close)(struct vm_area_struct * area);
362 int (*mremap)(struct vm_area_struct * area);
363 int (*fault)(struct vm_fault *vmf);
364 int (*huge_fault)(struct vm_fault *vmf, enum page_entry_size pe_size);
365 void (*map_pages)(struct vm_fault *vmf,
366 pgoff_t start_pgoff, pgoff_t end_pgoff);
368 /* notification that a previously read-only page is about to become
369 * writable, if an error is returned it will cause a SIGBUS */
370 int (*page_mkwrite)(struct vm_fault *vmf);
372 /* same as page_mkwrite when using VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP */
373 int (*pfn_mkwrite)(struct vm_fault *vmf);
375 /* called by access_process_vm when get_user_pages() fails, typically
376 * for use by special VMAs that can switch between memory and hardware
378 int (*access)(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
379 void *buf, int len, int write);
381 /* Called by the /proc/PID/maps code to ask the vma whether it
382 * has a special name. Returning non-NULL will also cause this
383 * vma to be dumped unconditionally. */
384 const char *(*name)(struct vm_area_struct *vma);
388 * set_policy() op must add a reference to any non-NULL @new mempolicy
389 * to hold the policy upon return. Caller should pass NULL @new to
390 * remove a policy and fall back to surrounding context--i.e. do not
391 * install a MPOL_DEFAULT policy, nor the task or system default
394 int (*set_policy)(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct mempolicy *new);
397 * get_policy() op must add reference [mpol_get()] to any policy at
398 * (vma,addr) marked as MPOL_SHARED. The shared policy infrastructure
399 * in mm/mempolicy.c will do this automatically.
400 * get_policy() must NOT add a ref if the policy at (vma,addr) is not
401 * marked as MPOL_SHARED. vma policies are protected by the mmap_sem.
402 * If no [shared/vma] mempolicy exists at the addr, get_policy() op
403 * must return NULL--i.e., do not "fallback" to task or system default
406 struct mempolicy *(*get_policy)(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
410 * Called by vm_normal_page() for special PTEs to find the
411 * page for @addr. This is useful if the default behavior
412 * (using pte_page()) would not find the correct page.
414 struct page *(*find_special_page)(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
421 #define page_private(page) ((page)->private)
422 #define set_page_private(page, v) ((page)->private = (v))
424 #if !defined(__HAVE_ARCH_PTE_DEVMAP) || !defined(CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE)
425 static inline int pmd_devmap(pmd_t pmd)
429 static inline int pud_devmap(pud_t pud)
436 * FIXME: take this include out, include page-flags.h in
437 * files which need it (119 of them)
439 #include <linux/page-flags.h>
440 #include <linux/huge_mm.h>
443 * Methods to modify the page usage count.
445 * What counts for a page usage:
446 * - cache mapping (page->mapping)
447 * - private data (page->private)
448 * - page mapped in a task's page tables, each mapping
449 * is counted separately
451 * Also, many kernel routines increase the page count before a critical
452 * routine so they can be sure the page doesn't go away from under them.
456 * Drop a ref, return true if the refcount fell to zero (the page has no users)
458 static inline int put_page_testzero(struct page *page)
460 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_ref_count(page) == 0, page);
461 return page_ref_dec_and_test(page);
465 * Try to grab a ref unless the page has a refcount of zero, return false if
467 * This can be called when MMU is off so it must not access
468 * any of the virtual mappings.
470 static inline int get_page_unless_zero(struct page *page)
472 return page_ref_add_unless(page, 1, 0);
475 extern int page_is_ram(unsigned long pfn);
483 int region_intersects(resource_size_t offset, size_t size, unsigned long flags,
486 /* Support for virtually mapped pages */
487 struct page *vmalloc_to_page(const void *addr);
488 unsigned long vmalloc_to_pfn(const void *addr);
491 * Determine if an address is within the vmalloc range
493 * On nommu, vmalloc/vfree wrap through kmalloc/kfree directly, so there
494 * is no special casing required.
496 static inline bool is_vmalloc_addr(const void *x)
499 unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)x;
501 return addr >= VMALLOC_START && addr < VMALLOC_END;
507 extern int is_vmalloc_or_module_addr(const void *x);
509 static inline int is_vmalloc_or_module_addr(const void *x)
515 extern void kvfree(const void *addr);
517 static inline atomic_t *compound_mapcount_ptr(struct page *page)
519 return &page[1].compound_mapcount;
522 static inline int compound_mapcount(struct page *page)
524 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageCompound(page), page);
525 page = compound_head(page);
526 return atomic_read(compound_mapcount_ptr(page)) + 1;
530 * The atomic page->_mapcount, starts from -1: so that transitions
531 * both from it and to it can be tracked, using atomic_inc_and_test
532 * and atomic_add_negative(-1).
534 static inline void page_mapcount_reset(struct page *page)
536 atomic_set(&(page)->_mapcount, -1);
539 int __page_mapcount(struct page *page);
541 static inline int page_mapcount(struct page *page)
543 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageSlab(page), page);
545 if (unlikely(PageCompound(page)))
546 return __page_mapcount(page);
547 return atomic_read(&page->_mapcount) + 1;
550 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
551 int total_mapcount(struct page *page);
552 int page_trans_huge_mapcount(struct page *page, int *total_mapcount);
554 static inline int total_mapcount(struct page *page)
556 return page_mapcount(page);
558 static inline int page_trans_huge_mapcount(struct page *page,
561 int mapcount = page_mapcount(page);
563 *total_mapcount = mapcount;
568 static inline struct page *virt_to_head_page(const void *x)
570 struct page *page = virt_to_page(x);
572 return compound_head(page);
575 void __put_page(struct page *page);
577 void put_pages_list(struct list_head *pages);
579 void split_page(struct page *page, unsigned int order);
582 * Compound pages have a destructor function. Provide a
583 * prototype for that function and accessor functions.
584 * These are _only_ valid on the head of a compound page.
586 typedef void compound_page_dtor(struct page *);
588 /* Keep the enum in sync with compound_page_dtors array in mm/page_alloc.c */
589 enum compound_dtor_id {
592 #ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE
595 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
600 extern compound_page_dtor * const compound_page_dtors[];
602 static inline void set_compound_page_dtor(struct page *page,
603 enum compound_dtor_id compound_dtor)
605 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(compound_dtor >= NR_COMPOUND_DTORS, page);
606 page[1].compound_dtor = compound_dtor;
609 static inline compound_page_dtor *get_compound_page_dtor(struct page *page)
611 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page[1].compound_dtor >= NR_COMPOUND_DTORS, page);
612 return compound_page_dtors[page[1].compound_dtor];
615 static inline unsigned int compound_order(struct page *page)
619 return page[1].compound_order;
622 static inline void set_compound_order(struct page *page, unsigned int order)
624 page[1].compound_order = order;
627 void free_compound_page(struct page *page);
631 * Do pte_mkwrite, but only if the vma says VM_WRITE. We do this when
632 * servicing faults for write access. In the normal case, do always want
633 * pte_mkwrite. But get_user_pages can cause write faults for mappings
634 * that do not have writing enabled, when used by access_process_vm.
636 static inline pte_t maybe_mkwrite(pte_t pte, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
638 if (likely(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE))
639 pte = pte_mkwrite(pte);
643 int alloc_set_pte(struct vm_fault *vmf, struct mem_cgroup *memcg,
645 int finish_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf);
646 int finish_mkwrite_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf);
650 * Multiple processes may "see" the same page. E.g. for untouched
651 * mappings of /dev/null, all processes see the same page full of
652 * zeroes, and text pages of executables and shared libraries have
653 * only one copy in memory, at most, normally.
655 * For the non-reserved pages, page_count(page) denotes a reference count.
656 * page_count() == 0 means the page is free. page->lru is then used for
657 * freelist management in the buddy allocator.
658 * page_count() > 0 means the page has been allocated.
660 * Pages are allocated by the slab allocator in order to provide memory
661 * to kmalloc and kmem_cache_alloc. In this case, the management of the
662 * page, and the fields in 'struct page' are the responsibility of mm/slab.c
663 * unless a particular usage is carefully commented. (the responsibility of
664 * freeing the kmalloc memory is the caller's, of course).
666 * A page may be used by anyone else who does a __get_free_page().
667 * In this case, page_count still tracks the references, and should only
668 * be used through the normal accessor functions. The top bits of page->flags
669 * and page->virtual store page management information, but all other fields
670 * are unused and could be used privately, carefully. The management of this
671 * page is the responsibility of the one who allocated it, and those who have
672 * subsequently been given references to it.
674 * The other pages (we may call them "pagecache pages") are completely
675 * managed by the Linux memory manager: I/O, buffers, swapping etc.
676 * The following discussion applies only to them.
678 * A pagecache page contains an opaque `private' member, which belongs to the
679 * page's address_space. Usually, this is the address of a circular list of
680 * the page's disk buffers. PG_private must be set to tell the VM to call
681 * into the filesystem to release these pages.
683 * A page may belong to an inode's memory mapping. In this case, page->mapping
684 * is the pointer to the inode, and page->index is the file offset of the page,
685 * in units of PAGE_SIZE.
687 * If pagecache pages are not associated with an inode, they are said to be
688 * anonymous pages. These may become associated with the swapcache, and in that
689 * case PG_swapcache is set, and page->private is an offset into the swapcache.
691 * In either case (swapcache or inode backed), the pagecache itself holds one
692 * reference to the page. Setting PG_private should also increment the
693 * refcount. The each user mapping also has a reference to the page.
695 * The pagecache pages are stored in a per-mapping radix tree, which is
696 * rooted at mapping->page_tree, and indexed by offset.
697 * Where 2.4 and early 2.6 kernels kept dirty/clean pages in per-address_space
698 * lists, we instead now tag pages as dirty/writeback in the radix tree.
700 * All pagecache pages may be subject to I/O:
701 * - inode pages may need to be read from disk,
702 * - inode pages which have been modified and are MAP_SHARED may need
703 * to be written back to the inode on disk,
704 * - anonymous pages (including MAP_PRIVATE file mappings) which have been
705 * modified may need to be swapped out to swap space and (later) to be read
710 * The zone field is never updated after free_area_init_core()
711 * sets it, so none of the operations on it need to be atomic.
714 /* Page flags: | [SECTION] | [NODE] | ZONE | [LAST_CPUPID] | ... | FLAGS | */
715 #define SECTIONS_PGOFF ((sizeof(unsigned long)*8) - SECTIONS_WIDTH)
716 #define NODES_PGOFF (SECTIONS_PGOFF - NODES_WIDTH)
717 #define ZONES_PGOFF (NODES_PGOFF - ZONES_WIDTH)
718 #define LAST_CPUPID_PGOFF (ZONES_PGOFF - LAST_CPUPID_WIDTH)
721 * Define the bit shifts to access each section. For non-existent
722 * sections we define the shift as 0; that plus a 0 mask ensures
723 * the compiler will optimise away reference to them.
725 #define SECTIONS_PGSHIFT (SECTIONS_PGOFF * (SECTIONS_WIDTH != 0))
726 #define NODES_PGSHIFT (NODES_PGOFF * (NODES_WIDTH != 0))
727 #define ZONES_PGSHIFT (ZONES_PGOFF * (ZONES_WIDTH != 0))
728 #define LAST_CPUPID_PGSHIFT (LAST_CPUPID_PGOFF * (LAST_CPUPID_WIDTH != 0))
730 /* NODE:ZONE or SECTION:ZONE is used to ID a zone for the buddy allocator */
731 #ifdef NODE_NOT_IN_PAGE_FLAGS
732 #define ZONEID_SHIFT (SECTIONS_SHIFT + ZONES_SHIFT)
733 #define ZONEID_PGOFF ((SECTIONS_PGOFF < ZONES_PGOFF)? \
734 SECTIONS_PGOFF : ZONES_PGOFF)
736 #define ZONEID_SHIFT (NODES_SHIFT + ZONES_SHIFT)
737 #define ZONEID_PGOFF ((NODES_PGOFF < ZONES_PGOFF)? \
738 NODES_PGOFF : ZONES_PGOFF)
741 #define ZONEID_PGSHIFT (ZONEID_PGOFF * (ZONEID_SHIFT != 0))
743 #if SECTIONS_WIDTH+NODES_WIDTH+ZONES_WIDTH > BITS_PER_LONG - NR_PAGEFLAGS
744 #error SECTIONS_WIDTH+NODES_WIDTH+ZONES_WIDTH > BITS_PER_LONG - NR_PAGEFLAGS
747 #define ZONES_MASK ((1UL << ZONES_WIDTH) - 1)
748 #define NODES_MASK ((1UL << NODES_WIDTH) - 1)
749 #define SECTIONS_MASK ((1UL << SECTIONS_WIDTH) - 1)
750 #define LAST_CPUPID_MASK ((1UL << LAST_CPUPID_SHIFT) - 1)
751 #define ZONEID_MASK ((1UL << ZONEID_SHIFT) - 1)
753 static inline enum zone_type page_zonenum(const struct page *page)
755 return (page->flags >> ZONES_PGSHIFT) & ZONES_MASK;
758 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DEVICE
759 void get_zone_device_page(struct page *page);
760 void put_zone_device_page(struct page *page);
761 static inline bool is_zone_device_page(const struct page *page)
763 return page_zonenum(page) == ZONE_DEVICE;
766 static inline void get_zone_device_page(struct page *page)
769 static inline void put_zone_device_page(struct page *page)
772 static inline bool is_zone_device_page(const struct page *page)
778 static inline void get_page(struct page *page)
780 page = compound_head(page);
782 * Getting a normal page or the head of a compound page
783 * requires to already have an elevated page->_refcount.
785 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_ref_count(page) <= 0, page);
788 if (unlikely(is_zone_device_page(page)))
789 get_zone_device_page(page);
792 static inline void put_page(struct page *page)
794 page = compound_head(page);
796 if (put_page_testzero(page))
799 if (unlikely(is_zone_device_page(page)))
800 put_zone_device_page(page);
803 #if defined(CONFIG_SPARSEMEM) && !defined(CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP)
804 #define SECTION_IN_PAGE_FLAGS
808 * The identification function is mainly used by the buddy allocator for
809 * determining if two pages could be buddies. We are not really identifying
810 * the zone since we could be using the section number id if we do not have
811 * node id available in page flags.
812 * We only guarantee that it will return the same value for two combinable
815 static inline int page_zone_id(struct page *page)
817 return (page->flags >> ZONEID_PGSHIFT) & ZONEID_MASK;
820 static inline int zone_to_nid(struct zone *zone)
829 #ifdef NODE_NOT_IN_PAGE_FLAGS
830 extern int page_to_nid(const struct page *page);
832 static inline int page_to_nid(const struct page *page)
834 return (page->flags >> NODES_PGSHIFT) & NODES_MASK;
838 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
839 static inline int cpu_pid_to_cpupid(int cpu, int pid)
841 return ((cpu & LAST__CPU_MASK) << LAST__PID_SHIFT) | (pid & LAST__PID_MASK);
844 static inline int cpupid_to_pid(int cpupid)
846 return cpupid & LAST__PID_MASK;
849 static inline int cpupid_to_cpu(int cpupid)
851 return (cpupid >> LAST__PID_SHIFT) & LAST__CPU_MASK;
854 static inline int cpupid_to_nid(int cpupid)
856 return cpu_to_node(cpupid_to_cpu(cpupid));
859 static inline bool cpupid_pid_unset(int cpupid)
861 return cpupid_to_pid(cpupid) == (-1 & LAST__PID_MASK);
864 static inline bool cpupid_cpu_unset(int cpupid)
866 return cpupid_to_cpu(cpupid) == (-1 & LAST__CPU_MASK);
869 static inline bool __cpupid_match_pid(pid_t task_pid, int cpupid)
871 return (task_pid & LAST__PID_MASK) == cpupid_to_pid(cpupid);
874 #define cpupid_match_pid(task, cpupid) __cpupid_match_pid(task->pid, cpupid)
875 #ifdef LAST_CPUPID_NOT_IN_PAGE_FLAGS
876 static inline int page_cpupid_xchg_last(struct page *page, int cpupid)
878 return xchg(&page->_last_cpupid, cpupid & LAST_CPUPID_MASK);
881 static inline int page_cpupid_last(struct page *page)
883 return page->_last_cpupid;
885 static inline void page_cpupid_reset_last(struct page *page)
887 page->_last_cpupid = -1 & LAST_CPUPID_MASK;
890 static inline int page_cpupid_last(struct page *page)
892 return (page->flags >> LAST_CPUPID_PGSHIFT) & LAST_CPUPID_MASK;
895 extern int page_cpupid_xchg_last(struct page *page, int cpupid);
897 static inline void page_cpupid_reset_last(struct page *page)
899 page->flags |= LAST_CPUPID_MASK << LAST_CPUPID_PGSHIFT;
901 #endif /* LAST_CPUPID_NOT_IN_PAGE_FLAGS */
902 #else /* !CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
903 static inline int page_cpupid_xchg_last(struct page *page, int cpupid)
905 return page_to_nid(page); /* XXX */
908 static inline int page_cpupid_last(struct page *page)
910 return page_to_nid(page); /* XXX */
913 static inline int cpupid_to_nid(int cpupid)
918 static inline int cpupid_to_pid(int cpupid)
923 static inline int cpupid_to_cpu(int cpupid)
928 static inline int cpu_pid_to_cpupid(int nid, int pid)
933 static inline bool cpupid_pid_unset(int cpupid)
938 static inline void page_cpupid_reset_last(struct page *page)
942 static inline bool cpupid_match_pid(struct task_struct *task, int cpupid)
946 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
948 static inline struct zone *page_zone(const struct page *page)
950 return &NODE_DATA(page_to_nid(page))->node_zones[page_zonenum(page)];
953 static inline pg_data_t *page_pgdat(const struct page *page)
955 return NODE_DATA(page_to_nid(page));
958 #ifdef SECTION_IN_PAGE_FLAGS
959 static inline void set_page_section(struct page *page, unsigned long section)
961 page->flags &= ~(SECTIONS_MASK << SECTIONS_PGSHIFT);
962 page->flags |= (section & SECTIONS_MASK) << SECTIONS_PGSHIFT;
965 static inline unsigned long page_to_section(const struct page *page)
967 return (page->flags >> SECTIONS_PGSHIFT) & SECTIONS_MASK;
971 static inline void set_page_zone(struct page *page, enum zone_type zone)
973 page->flags &= ~(ZONES_MASK << ZONES_PGSHIFT);
974 page->flags |= (zone & ZONES_MASK) << ZONES_PGSHIFT;
977 static inline void set_page_node(struct page *page, unsigned long node)
979 page->flags &= ~(NODES_MASK << NODES_PGSHIFT);
980 page->flags |= (node & NODES_MASK) << NODES_PGSHIFT;
983 static inline void set_page_links(struct page *page, enum zone_type zone,
984 unsigned long node, unsigned long pfn)
986 set_page_zone(page, zone);
987 set_page_node(page, node);
988 #ifdef SECTION_IN_PAGE_FLAGS
989 set_page_section(page, pfn_to_section_nr(pfn));
994 static inline struct mem_cgroup *page_memcg(struct page *page)
996 return page->mem_cgroup;
998 static inline struct mem_cgroup *page_memcg_rcu(struct page *page)
1000 WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_read_lock_held());
1001 return READ_ONCE(page->mem_cgroup);
1004 static inline struct mem_cgroup *page_memcg(struct page *page)
1008 static inline struct mem_cgroup *page_memcg_rcu(struct page *page)
1010 WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_read_lock_held());
1016 * Some inline functions in vmstat.h depend on page_zone()
1018 #include <linux/vmstat.h>
1020 static __always_inline void *lowmem_page_address(const struct page *page)
1022 return page_to_virt(page);
1025 #if defined(CONFIG_HIGHMEM) && !defined(WANT_PAGE_VIRTUAL)
1026 #define HASHED_PAGE_VIRTUAL
1029 #if defined(WANT_PAGE_VIRTUAL)
1030 static inline void *page_address(const struct page *page)
1032 return page->virtual;
1034 static inline void set_page_address(struct page *page, void *address)
1036 page->virtual = address;
1038 #define page_address_init() do { } while(0)
1041 #if defined(HASHED_PAGE_VIRTUAL)
1042 void *page_address(const struct page *page);
1043 void set_page_address(struct page *page, void *virtual);
1044 void page_address_init(void);
1047 #if !defined(HASHED_PAGE_VIRTUAL) && !defined(WANT_PAGE_VIRTUAL)
1048 #define page_address(page) lowmem_page_address(page)
1049 #define set_page_address(page, address) do { } while(0)
1050 #define page_address_init() do { } while(0)
1053 extern void *page_rmapping(struct page *page);
1054 extern struct anon_vma *page_anon_vma(struct page *page);
1055 extern struct address_space *page_mapping(struct page *page);
1057 extern struct address_space *__page_file_mapping(struct page *);
1060 struct address_space *page_file_mapping(struct page *page)
1062 if (unlikely(PageSwapCache(page)))
1063 return __page_file_mapping(page);
1065 return page->mapping;
1068 extern pgoff_t __page_file_index(struct page *page);
1071 * Return the pagecache index of the passed page. Regular pagecache pages
1072 * use ->index whereas swapcache pages use swp_offset(->private)
1074 static inline pgoff_t page_index(struct page *page)
1076 if (unlikely(PageSwapCache(page)))
1077 return __page_file_index(page);
1081 bool page_mapped(struct page *page);
1082 struct address_space *page_mapping(struct page *page);
1085 * Return true only if the page has been allocated with
1086 * ALLOC_NO_WATERMARKS and the low watermark was not
1087 * met implying that the system is under some pressure.
1089 static inline bool page_is_pfmemalloc(struct page *page)
1092 * Page index cannot be this large so this must be
1093 * a pfmemalloc page.
1095 return page->index == -1UL;
1099 * Only to be called by the page allocator on a freshly allocated
1102 static inline void set_page_pfmemalloc(struct page *page)
1107 static inline void clear_page_pfmemalloc(struct page *page)
1113 * Different kinds of faults, as returned by handle_mm_fault().
1114 * Used to decide whether a process gets delivered SIGBUS or
1115 * just gets major/minor fault counters bumped up.
1118 #define VM_FAULT_OOM 0x0001
1119 #define VM_FAULT_SIGBUS 0x0002
1120 #define VM_FAULT_MAJOR 0x0004
1121 #define VM_FAULT_WRITE 0x0008 /* Special case for get_user_pages */
1122 #define VM_FAULT_HWPOISON 0x0010 /* Hit poisoned small page */
1123 #define VM_FAULT_HWPOISON_LARGE 0x0020 /* Hit poisoned large page. Index encoded in upper bits */
1124 #define VM_FAULT_SIGSEGV 0x0040
1126 #define VM_FAULT_NOPAGE 0x0100 /* ->fault installed the pte, not return page */
1127 #define VM_FAULT_LOCKED 0x0200 /* ->fault locked the returned page */
1128 #define VM_FAULT_RETRY 0x0400 /* ->fault blocked, must retry */
1129 #define VM_FAULT_FALLBACK 0x0800 /* huge page fault failed, fall back to small */
1130 #define VM_FAULT_DONE_COW 0x1000 /* ->fault has fully handled COW */
1132 #define VM_FAULT_HWPOISON_LARGE_MASK 0xf000 /* encodes hpage index for large hwpoison */
1134 #define VM_FAULT_ERROR (VM_FAULT_OOM | VM_FAULT_SIGBUS | VM_FAULT_SIGSEGV | \
1135 VM_FAULT_HWPOISON | VM_FAULT_HWPOISON_LARGE | \
1138 #define VM_FAULT_RESULT_TRACE \
1139 { VM_FAULT_OOM, "OOM" }, \
1140 { VM_FAULT_SIGBUS, "SIGBUS" }, \
1141 { VM_FAULT_MAJOR, "MAJOR" }, \
1142 { VM_FAULT_WRITE, "WRITE" }, \
1143 { VM_FAULT_HWPOISON, "HWPOISON" }, \
1144 { VM_FAULT_HWPOISON_LARGE, "HWPOISON_LARGE" }, \
1145 { VM_FAULT_SIGSEGV, "SIGSEGV" }, \
1146 { VM_FAULT_NOPAGE, "NOPAGE" }, \
1147 { VM_FAULT_LOCKED, "LOCKED" }, \
1148 { VM_FAULT_RETRY, "RETRY" }, \
1149 { VM_FAULT_FALLBACK, "FALLBACK" }, \
1150 { VM_FAULT_DONE_COW, "DONE_COW" }
1152 /* Encode hstate index for a hwpoisoned large page */
1153 #define VM_FAULT_SET_HINDEX(x) ((x) << 12)
1154 #define VM_FAULT_GET_HINDEX(x) (((x) >> 12) & 0xf)
1157 * Can be called by the pagefault handler when it gets a VM_FAULT_OOM.
1159 extern void pagefault_out_of_memory(void);
1161 #define offset_in_page(p) ((unsigned long)(p) & ~PAGE_MASK)
1164 * Flags passed to show_mem() and show_free_areas() to suppress output in
1167 #define SHOW_MEM_FILTER_NODES (0x0001u) /* disallowed nodes */
1169 extern void show_free_areas(unsigned int flags, nodemask_t *nodemask);
1171 extern bool can_do_mlock(void);
1172 extern int user_shm_lock(size_t, struct user_struct *);
1173 extern void user_shm_unlock(size_t, struct user_struct *);
1176 * Parameter block passed down to zap_pte_range in exceptional cases.
1178 struct zap_details {
1179 struct address_space *check_mapping; /* Check page->mapping if set */
1180 pgoff_t first_index; /* Lowest page->index to unmap */
1181 pgoff_t last_index; /* Highest page->index to unmap */
1184 struct page *vm_normal_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
1186 struct page *vm_normal_page_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
1189 int zap_vma_ptes(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
1190 unsigned long size);
1191 void zap_page_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
1192 unsigned long size);
1193 void unmap_vmas(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *start_vma,
1194 unsigned long start, unsigned long end);
1197 * mm_walk - callbacks for walk_page_range
1198 * @pud_entry: if set, called for each non-empty PUD (2nd-level) entry
1199 * this handler should only handle pud_trans_huge() puds.
1200 * the pmd_entry or pte_entry callbacks will be used for
1202 * @pmd_entry: if set, called for each non-empty PMD (3rd-level) entry
1203 * this handler is required to be able to handle
1204 * pmd_trans_huge() pmds. They may simply choose to
1205 * split_huge_page() instead of handling it explicitly.
1206 * @pte_entry: if set, called for each non-empty PTE (4th-level) entry
1207 * @pte_hole: if set, called for each hole at all levels
1208 * @hugetlb_entry: if set, called for each hugetlb entry
1209 * @test_walk: caller specific callback function to determine whether
1210 * we walk over the current vma or not. Returning 0
1211 * value means "do page table walk over the current vma,"
1212 * and a negative one means "abort current page table walk
1213 * right now." 1 means "skip the current vma."
1214 * @mm: mm_struct representing the target process of page table walk
1215 * @vma: vma currently walked (NULL if walking outside vmas)
1216 * @private: private data for callbacks' usage
1218 * (see the comment on walk_page_range() for more details)
1221 int (*pud_entry)(pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr,
1222 unsigned long next, struct mm_walk *walk);
1223 int (*pmd_entry)(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
1224 unsigned long next, struct mm_walk *walk);
1225 int (*pte_entry)(pte_t *pte, unsigned long addr,
1226 unsigned long next, struct mm_walk *walk);
1227 int (*pte_hole)(unsigned long addr, unsigned long next,
1228 struct mm_walk *walk);
1229 int (*hugetlb_entry)(pte_t *pte, unsigned long hmask,
1230 unsigned long addr, unsigned long next,
1231 struct mm_walk *walk);
1232 int (*test_walk)(unsigned long addr, unsigned long next,
1233 struct mm_walk *walk);
1234 struct mm_struct *mm;
1235 struct vm_area_struct *vma;
1239 int walk_page_range(unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
1240 struct mm_walk *walk);
1241 int walk_page_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct mm_walk *walk);
1242 void free_pgd_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb, unsigned long addr,
1243 unsigned long end, unsigned long floor, unsigned long ceiling);
1244 int copy_page_range(struct mm_struct *dst, struct mm_struct *src,
1245 struct vm_area_struct *vma);
1246 void unmap_mapping_range(struct address_space *mapping,
1247 loff_t const holebegin, loff_t const holelen, int even_cows);
1248 int follow_pte_pmd(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long address,
1249 pte_t **ptepp, pmd_t **pmdpp, spinlock_t **ptlp);
1250 int follow_pfn(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
1251 unsigned long *pfn);
1252 int follow_phys(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
1253 unsigned int flags, unsigned long *prot, resource_size_t *phys);
1254 int generic_access_phys(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
1255 void *buf, int len, int write);
1257 static inline void unmap_shared_mapping_range(struct address_space *mapping,
1258 loff_t const holebegin, loff_t const holelen)
1260 unmap_mapping_range(mapping, holebegin, holelen, 0);
1263 extern void truncate_pagecache(struct inode *inode, loff_t new);
1264 extern void truncate_setsize(struct inode *inode, loff_t newsize);
1265 void pagecache_isize_extended(struct inode *inode, loff_t from, loff_t to);
1266 void truncate_pagecache_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t end);
1267 int truncate_inode_page(struct address_space *mapping, struct page *page);
1268 int generic_error_remove_page(struct address_space *mapping, struct page *page);
1269 int invalidate_inode_page(struct page *page);
1272 extern int handle_mm_fault(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
1273 unsigned int flags);
1274 extern int fixup_user_fault(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm,
1275 unsigned long address, unsigned int fault_flags,
1278 static inline int handle_mm_fault(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1279 unsigned long address, unsigned int flags)
1281 /* should never happen if there's no MMU */
1283 return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
1285 static inline int fixup_user_fault(struct task_struct *tsk,
1286 struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long address,
1287 unsigned int fault_flags, bool *unlocked)
1289 /* should never happen if there's no MMU */
1295 extern int access_process_vm(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long addr, void *buf, int len,
1296 unsigned int gup_flags);
1297 extern int access_remote_vm(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
1298 void *buf, int len, unsigned int gup_flags);
1299 extern int __access_remote_vm(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm,
1300 unsigned long addr, void *buf, int len, unsigned int gup_flags);
1302 long get_user_pages_remote(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm,
1303 unsigned long start, unsigned long nr_pages,
1304 unsigned int gup_flags, struct page **pages,
1305 struct vm_area_struct **vmas, int *locked);
1306 long get_user_pages(unsigned long start, unsigned long nr_pages,
1307 unsigned int gup_flags, struct page **pages,
1308 struct vm_area_struct **vmas);
1309 long get_user_pages_locked(unsigned long start, unsigned long nr_pages,
1310 unsigned int gup_flags, struct page **pages, int *locked);
1311 long get_user_pages_unlocked(unsigned long start, unsigned long nr_pages,
1312 struct page **pages, unsigned int gup_flags);
1313 int get_user_pages_fast(unsigned long start, int nr_pages, int write,
1314 struct page **pages);
1316 /* Container for pinned pfns / pages */
1317 struct frame_vector {
1318 unsigned int nr_allocated; /* Number of frames we have space for */
1319 unsigned int nr_frames; /* Number of frames stored in ptrs array */
1320 bool got_ref; /* Did we pin pages by getting page ref? */
1321 bool is_pfns; /* Does array contain pages or pfns? */
1322 void *ptrs[0]; /* Array of pinned pfns / pages. Use
1323 * pfns_vector_pages() or pfns_vector_pfns()
1327 struct frame_vector *frame_vector_create(unsigned int nr_frames);
1328 void frame_vector_destroy(struct frame_vector *vec);
1329 int get_vaddr_frames(unsigned long start, unsigned int nr_pfns,
1330 unsigned int gup_flags, struct frame_vector *vec);
1331 void put_vaddr_frames(struct frame_vector *vec);
1332 int frame_vector_to_pages(struct frame_vector *vec);
1333 void frame_vector_to_pfns(struct frame_vector *vec);
1335 static inline unsigned int frame_vector_count(struct frame_vector *vec)
1337 return vec->nr_frames;
1340 static inline struct page **frame_vector_pages(struct frame_vector *vec)
1343 int err = frame_vector_to_pages(vec);
1346 return ERR_PTR(err);
1348 return (struct page **)(vec->ptrs);
1351 static inline unsigned long *frame_vector_pfns(struct frame_vector *vec)
1354 frame_vector_to_pfns(vec);
1355 return (unsigned long *)(vec->ptrs);
1359 int get_kernel_pages(const struct kvec *iov, int nr_pages, int write,
1360 struct page **pages);
1361 int get_kernel_page(unsigned long start, int write, struct page **pages);
1362 struct page *get_dump_page(unsigned long addr);
1364 extern int try_to_release_page(struct page * page, gfp_t gfp_mask);
1365 extern void do_invalidatepage(struct page *page, unsigned int offset,
1366 unsigned int length);
1368 int __set_page_dirty_nobuffers(struct page *page);
1369 int __set_page_dirty_no_writeback(struct page *page);
1370 int redirty_page_for_writepage(struct writeback_control *wbc,
1372 void account_page_dirtied(struct page *page, struct address_space *mapping);
1373 void account_page_cleaned(struct page *page, struct address_space *mapping,
1374 struct bdi_writeback *wb);
1375 int set_page_dirty(struct page *page);
1376 int set_page_dirty_lock(struct page *page);
1377 void cancel_dirty_page(struct page *page);
1378 int clear_page_dirty_for_io(struct page *page);
1380 int get_cmdline(struct task_struct *task, char *buffer, int buflen);
1382 /* Is the vma a continuation of the stack vma above it? */
1383 static inline int vma_growsdown(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
1385 return vma && (vma->vm_end == addr) && (vma->vm_flags & VM_GROWSDOWN);
1388 static inline bool vma_is_anonymous(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1390 return !vma->vm_ops;
1395 * The vma_is_shmem is not inline because it is used only by slow
1396 * paths in userfault.
1398 bool vma_is_shmem(struct vm_area_struct *vma);
1400 static inline bool vma_is_shmem(struct vm_area_struct *vma) { return false; }
1403 static inline int stack_guard_page_start(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1406 return (vma->vm_flags & VM_GROWSDOWN) &&
1407 (vma->vm_start == addr) &&
1408 !vma_growsdown(vma->vm_prev, addr);
1411 /* Is the vma a continuation of the stack vma below it? */
1412 static inline int vma_growsup(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
1414 return vma && (vma->vm_start == addr) && (vma->vm_flags & VM_GROWSUP);
1417 static inline int stack_guard_page_end(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1420 return (vma->vm_flags & VM_GROWSUP) &&
1421 (vma->vm_end == addr) &&
1422 !vma_growsup(vma->vm_next, addr);
1425 int vma_is_stack_for_current(struct vm_area_struct *vma);
1427 extern unsigned long move_page_tables(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1428 unsigned long old_addr, struct vm_area_struct *new_vma,
1429 unsigned long new_addr, unsigned long len,
1430 bool need_rmap_locks);
1431 extern unsigned long change_protection(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
1432 unsigned long end, pgprot_t newprot,
1433 int dirty_accountable, int prot_numa);
1434 extern int mprotect_fixup(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1435 struct vm_area_struct **pprev, unsigned long start,
1436 unsigned long end, unsigned long newflags);
1439 * doesn't attempt to fault and will return short.
1441 int __get_user_pages_fast(unsigned long start, int nr_pages, int write,
1442 struct page **pages);
1444 * per-process(per-mm_struct) statistics.
1446 static inline unsigned long get_mm_counter(struct mm_struct *mm, int member)
1448 long val = atomic_long_read(&mm->rss_stat.count[member]);
1450 #ifdef SPLIT_RSS_COUNTING
1452 * counter is updated in asynchronous manner and may go to minus.
1453 * But it's never be expected number for users.
1458 return (unsigned long)val;
1461 static inline void add_mm_counter(struct mm_struct *mm, int member, long value)
1463 atomic_long_add(value, &mm->rss_stat.count[member]);
1466 static inline void inc_mm_counter(struct mm_struct *mm, int member)
1468 atomic_long_inc(&mm->rss_stat.count[member]);
1471 static inline void dec_mm_counter(struct mm_struct *mm, int member)
1473 atomic_long_dec(&mm->rss_stat.count[member]);
1476 /* Optimized variant when page is already known not to be PageAnon */
1477 static inline int mm_counter_file(struct page *page)
1479 if (PageSwapBacked(page))
1480 return MM_SHMEMPAGES;
1481 return MM_FILEPAGES;
1484 static inline int mm_counter(struct page *page)
1487 return MM_ANONPAGES;
1488 return mm_counter_file(page);
1491 static inline unsigned long get_mm_rss(struct mm_struct *mm)
1493 return get_mm_counter(mm, MM_FILEPAGES) +
1494 get_mm_counter(mm, MM_ANONPAGES) +
1495 get_mm_counter(mm, MM_SHMEMPAGES);
1498 static inline unsigned long get_mm_hiwater_rss(struct mm_struct *mm)
1500 return max(mm->hiwater_rss, get_mm_rss(mm));
1503 static inline unsigned long get_mm_hiwater_vm(struct mm_struct *mm)
1505 return max(mm->hiwater_vm, mm->total_vm);
1508 static inline void update_hiwater_rss(struct mm_struct *mm)
1510 unsigned long _rss = get_mm_rss(mm);
1512 if ((mm)->hiwater_rss < _rss)
1513 (mm)->hiwater_rss = _rss;
1516 static inline void update_hiwater_vm(struct mm_struct *mm)
1518 if (mm->hiwater_vm < mm->total_vm)
1519 mm->hiwater_vm = mm->total_vm;
1522 static inline void reset_mm_hiwater_rss(struct mm_struct *mm)
1524 mm->hiwater_rss = get_mm_rss(mm);
1527 static inline void setmax_mm_hiwater_rss(unsigned long *maxrss,
1528 struct mm_struct *mm)
1530 unsigned long hiwater_rss = get_mm_hiwater_rss(mm);
1532 if (*maxrss < hiwater_rss)
1533 *maxrss = hiwater_rss;
1536 #if defined(SPLIT_RSS_COUNTING)
1537 void sync_mm_rss(struct mm_struct *mm);
1539 static inline void sync_mm_rss(struct mm_struct *mm)
1544 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_PTE_DEVMAP
1545 static inline int pte_devmap(pte_t pte)
1551 int vma_wants_writenotify(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pgprot_t vm_page_prot);
1553 extern pte_t *__get_locked_pte(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
1555 static inline pte_t *get_locked_pte(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
1559 __cond_lock(*ptl, ptep = __get_locked_pte(mm, addr, ptl));
1563 #ifdef __PAGETABLE_PUD_FOLDED
1564 static inline int __pud_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pgd_t *pgd,
1565 unsigned long address)
1570 int __pud_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long address);
1573 #if defined(__PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED) || !defined(CONFIG_MMU)
1574 static inline int __pmd_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud,
1575 unsigned long address)
1580 static inline void mm_nr_pmds_init(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
1582 static inline unsigned long mm_nr_pmds(struct mm_struct *mm)
1587 static inline void mm_inc_nr_pmds(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
1588 static inline void mm_dec_nr_pmds(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
1591 int __pmd_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud, unsigned long address);
1593 static inline void mm_nr_pmds_init(struct mm_struct *mm)
1595 atomic_long_set(&mm->nr_pmds, 0);
1598 static inline unsigned long mm_nr_pmds(struct mm_struct *mm)
1600 return atomic_long_read(&mm->nr_pmds);
1603 static inline void mm_inc_nr_pmds(struct mm_struct *mm)
1605 atomic_long_inc(&mm->nr_pmds);
1608 static inline void mm_dec_nr_pmds(struct mm_struct *mm)
1610 atomic_long_dec(&mm->nr_pmds);
1614 int __pte_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long address);
1615 int __pte_alloc_kernel(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long address);
1618 * The following ifdef needed to get the 4level-fixup.h header to work.
1619 * Remove it when 4level-fixup.h has been removed.
1621 #if defined(CONFIG_MMU) && !defined(__ARCH_HAS_4LEVEL_HACK)
1623 #ifndef __ARCH_HAS_5LEVEL_HACK
1624 static inline pud_t *pud_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long address)
1626 return (unlikely(pgd_none(*pgd)) && __pud_alloc(mm, pgd, address))?
1627 NULL: pud_offset(pgd, address);
1629 #endif /* !__ARCH_HAS_5LEVEL_HACK */
1631 static inline pmd_t *pmd_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud, unsigned long address)
1633 return (unlikely(pud_none(*pud)) && __pmd_alloc(mm, pud, address))?
1634 NULL: pmd_offset(pud, address);
1636 #endif /* CONFIG_MMU && !__ARCH_HAS_4LEVEL_HACK */
1638 #if USE_SPLIT_PTE_PTLOCKS
1639 #if ALLOC_SPLIT_PTLOCKS
1640 void __init ptlock_cache_init(void);
1641 extern bool ptlock_alloc(struct page *page);
1642 extern void ptlock_free(struct page *page);
1644 static inline spinlock_t *ptlock_ptr(struct page *page)
1648 #else /* ALLOC_SPLIT_PTLOCKS */
1649 static inline void ptlock_cache_init(void)
1653 static inline bool ptlock_alloc(struct page *page)
1658 static inline void ptlock_free(struct page *page)
1662 static inline spinlock_t *ptlock_ptr(struct page *page)
1666 #endif /* ALLOC_SPLIT_PTLOCKS */
1668 static inline spinlock_t *pte_lockptr(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
1670 return ptlock_ptr(pmd_page(*pmd));
1673 static inline bool ptlock_init(struct page *page)
1676 * prep_new_page() initialize page->private (and therefore page->ptl)
1677 * with 0. Make sure nobody took it in use in between.
1679 * It can happen if arch try to use slab for page table allocation:
1680 * slab code uses page->slab_cache, which share storage with page->ptl.
1682 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(*(unsigned long *)&page->ptl, page);
1683 if (!ptlock_alloc(page))
1685 spin_lock_init(ptlock_ptr(page));
1689 /* Reset page->mapping so free_pages_check won't complain. */
1690 static inline void pte_lock_deinit(struct page *page)
1692 page->mapping = NULL;
1696 #else /* !USE_SPLIT_PTE_PTLOCKS */
1698 * We use mm->page_table_lock to guard all pagetable pages of the mm.
1700 static inline spinlock_t *pte_lockptr(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
1702 return &mm->page_table_lock;
1704 static inline void ptlock_cache_init(void) {}
1705 static inline bool ptlock_init(struct page *page) { return true; }
1706 static inline void pte_lock_deinit(struct page *page) {}
1707 #endif /* USE_SPLIT_PTE_PTLOCKS */
1709 static inline void pgtable_init(void)
1711 ptlock_cache_init();
1712 pgtable_cache_init();
1715 static inline bool pgtable_page_ctor(struct page *page)
1717 if (!ptlock_init(page))
1719 inc_zone_page_state(page, NR_PAGETABLE);
1723 static inline void pgtable_page_dtor(struct page *page)
1725 pte_lock_deinit(page);
1726 dec_zone_page_state(page, NR_PAGETABLE);
1729 #define pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, address, ptlp) \
1731 spinlock_t *__ptl = pte_lockptr(mm, pmd); \
1732 pte_t *__pte = pte_offset_map(pmd, address); \
1738 #define pte_unmap_unlock(pte, ptl) do { \
1743 #define pte_alloc(mm, pmd, address) \
1744 (unlikely(pmd_none(*(pmd))) && __pte_alloc(mm, pmd, address))
1746 #define pte_alloc_map(mm, pmd, address) \
1747 (pte_alloc(mm, pmd, address) ? NULL : pte_offset_map(pmd, address))
1749 #define pte_alloc_map_lock(mm, pmd, address, ptlp) \
1750 (pte_alloc(mm, pmd, address) ? \
1751 NULL : pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, address, ptlp))
1753 #define pte_alloc_kernel(pmd, address) \
1754 ((unlikely(pmd_none(*(pmd))) && __pte_alloc_kernel(pmd, address))? \
1755 NULL: pte_offset_kernel(pmd, address))
1757 #if USE_SPLIT_PMD_PTLOCKS
1759 static struct page *pmd_to_page(pmd_t *pmd)
1761 unsigned long mask = ~(PTRS_PER_PMD * sizeof(pmd_t) - 1);
1762 return virt_to_page((void *)((unsigned long) pmd & mask));
1765 static inline spinlock_t *pmd_lockptr(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
1767 return ptlock_ptr(pmd_to_page(pmd));
1770 static inline bool pgtable_pmd_page_ctor(struct page *page)
1772 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
1773 page->pmd_huge_pte = NULL;
1775 return ptlock_init(page);
1778 static inline void pgtable_pmd_page_dtor(struct page *page)
1780 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
1781 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page->pmd_huge_pte, page);
1786 #define pmd_huge_pte(mm, pmd) (pmd_to_page(pmd)->pmd_huge_pte)
1790 static inline spinlock_t *pmd_lockptr(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
1792 return &mm->page_table_lock;
1795 static inline bool pgtable_pmd_page_ctor(struct page *page) { return true; }
1796 static inline void pgtable_pmd_page_dtor(struct page *page) {}
1798 #define pmd_huge_pte(mm, pmd) ((mm)->pmd_huge_pte)
1802 static inline spinlock_t *pmd_lock(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
1804 spinlock_t *ptl = pmd_lockptr(mm, pmd);
1810 * No scalability reason to split PUD locks yet, but follow the same pattern
1811 * as the PMD locks to make it easier if we decide to. The VM should not be
1812 * considered ready to switch to split PUD locks yet; there may be places
1813 * which need to be converted from page_table_lock.
1815 static inline spinlock_t *pud_lockptr(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud)
1817 return &mm->page_table_lock;
1820 static inline spinlock_t *pud_lock(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud)
1822 spinlock_t *ptl = pud_lockptr(mm, pud);
1828 extern void __init pagecache_init(void);
1829 extern void free_area_init(unsigned long * zones_size);
1830 extern void free_area_init_node(int nid, unsigned long * zones_size,
1831 unsigned long zone_start_pfn, unsigned long *zholes_size);
1832 extern void free_initmem(void);
1835 * Free reserved pages within range [PAGE_ALIGN(start), end & PAGE_MASK)
1836 * into the buddy system. The freed pages will be poisoned with pattern
1837 * "poison" if it's within range [0, UCHAR_MAX].
1838 * Return pages freed into the buddy system.
1840 extern unsigned long free_reserved_area(void *start, void *end,
1841 int poison, char *s);
1843 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
1845 * Free a highmem page into the buddy system, adjusting totalhigh_pages
1846 * and totalram_pages.
1848 extern void free_highmem_page(struct page *page);
1851 extern void adjust_managed_page_count(struct page *page, long count);
1852 extern void mem_init_print_info(const char *str);
1854 extern void reserve_bootmem_region(phys_addr_t start, phys_addr_t end);
1856 /* Free the reserved page into the buddy system, so it gets managed. */
1857 static inline void __free_reserved_page(struct page *page)
1859 ClearPageReserved(page);
1860 init_page_count(page);
1864 static inline void free_reserved_page(struct page *page)
1866 __free_reserved_page(page);
1867 adjust_managed_page_count(page, 1);
1870 static inline void mark_page_reserved(struct page *page)
1872 SetPageReserved(page);
1873 adjust_managed_page_count(page, -1);
1877 * Default method to free all the __init memory into the buddy system.
1878 * The freed pages will be poisoned with pattern "poison" if it's within
1879 * range [0, UCHAR_MAX].
1880 * Return pages freed into the buddy system.
1882 static inline unsigned long free_initmem_default(int poison)
1884 extern char __init_begin[], __init_end[];
1886 return free_reserved_area(&__init_begin, &__init_end,
1887 poison, "unused kernel");
1890 static inline unsigned long get_num_physpages(void)
1893 unsigned long phys_pages = 0;
1895 for_each_online_node(nid)
1896 phys_pages += node_present_pages(nid);
1901 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP
1903 * With CONFIG_HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP set, an architecture may initialise its
1904 * zones, allocate the backing mem_map and account for memory holes in a more
1905 * architecture independent manner. This is a substitute for creating the
1906 * zone_sizes[] and zholes_size[] arrays and passing them to
1907 * free_area_init_node()
1909 * An architecture is expected to register range of page frames backed by
1910 * physical memory with memblock_add[_node]() before calling
1911 * free_area_init_nodes() passing in the PFN each zone ends at. At a basic
1912 * usage, an architecture is expected to do something like
1914 * unsigned long max_zone_pfns[MAX_NR_ZONES] = {max_dma, max_normal_pfn,
1916 * for_each_valid_physical_page_range()
1917 * memblock_add_node(base, size, nid)
1918 * free_area_init_nodes(max_zone_pfns);
1920 * free_bootmem_with_active_regions() calls free_bootmem_node() for each
1921 * registered physical page range. Similarly
1922 * sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions() calls memory_present() for
1923 * each range when SPARSEMEM is enabled.
1925 * See mm/page_alloc.c for more information on each function exposed by
1926 * CONFIG_HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP.
1928 extern void free_area_init_nodes(unsigned long *max_zone_pfn);
1929 unsigned long node_map_pfn_alignment(void);
1930 unsigned long __absent_pages_in_range(int nid, unsigned long start_pfn,
1931 unsigned long end_pfn);
1932 extern unsigned long absent_pages_in_range(unsigned long start_pfn,
1933 unsigned long end_pfn);
1934 extern void get_pfn_range_for_nid(unsigned int nid,
1935 unsigned long *start_pfn, unsigned long *end_pfn);
1936 extern unsigned long find_min_pfn_with_active_regions(void);
1937 extern void free_bootmem_with_active_regions(int nid,
1938 unsigned long max_low_pfn);
1939 extern void sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(int nid);
1941 #endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP */
1943 #if !defined(CONFIG_HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP) && \
1944 !defined(CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_EARLY_PFN_TO_NID)
1945 static inline int __early_pfn_to_nid(unsigned long pfn,
1946 struct mminit_pfnnid_cache *state)
1951 /* please see mm/page_alloc.c */
1952 extern int __meminit early_pfn_to_nid(unsigned long pfn);
1953 /* there is a per-arch backend function. */
1954 extern int __meminit __early_pfn_to_nid(unsigned long pfn,
1955 struct mminit_pfnnid_cache *state);
1958 extern void set_dma_reserve(unsigned long new_dma_reserve);
1959 extern void memmap_init_zone(unsigned long, int, unsigned long,
1960 unsigned long, enum memmap_context);
1961 extern void setup_per_zone_wmarks(void);
1962 extern int __meminit init_per_zone_wmark_min(void);
1963 extern void mem_init(void);
1964 extern void __init mmap_init(void);
1965 extern void show_mem(unsigned int flags, nodemask_t *nodemask);
1966 extern long si_mem_available(void);
1967 extern void si_meminfo(struct sysinfo * val);
1968 extern void si_meminfo_node(struct sysinfo *val, int nid);
1969 #ifdef __HAVE_ARCH_RESERVED_KERNEL_PAGES
1970 extern unsigned long arch_reserved_kernel_pages(void);
1973 extern __printf(3, 4)
1974 void warn_alloc(gfp_t gfp_mask, nodemask_t *nodemask, const char *fmt, ...);
1976 extern void setup_per_cpu_pageset(void);
1978 extern void zone_pcp_update(struct zone *zone);
1979 extern void zone_pcp_reset(struct zone *zone);
1982 extern int min_free_kbytes;
1983 extern int watermark_scale_factor;
1986 extern atomic_long_t mmap_pages_allocated;
1987 extern int nommu_shrink_inode_mappings(struct inode *, size_t, size_t);
1989 /* interval_tree.c */
1990 void vma_interval_tree_insert(struct vm_area_struct *node,
1991 struct rb_root *root);
1992 void vma_interval_tree_insert_after(struct vm_area_struct *node,
1993 struct vm_area_struct *prev,
1994 struct rb_root *root);
1995 void vma_interval_tree_remove(struct vm_area_struct *node,
1996 struct rb_root *root);
1997 struct vm_area_struct *vma_interval_tree_iter_first(struct rb_root *root,
1998 unsigned long start, unsigned long last);
1999 struct vm_area_struct *vma_interval_tree_iter_next(struct vm_area_struct *node,
2000 unsigned long start, unsigned long last);
2002 #define vma_interval_tree_foreach(vma, root, start, last) \
2003 for (vma = vma_interval_tree_iter_first(root, start, last); \
2004 vma; vma = vma_interval_tree_iter_next(vma, start, last))
2006 void anon_vma_interval_tree_insert(struct anon_vma_chain *node,
2007 struct rb_root *root);
2008 void anon_vma_interval_tree_remove(struct anon_vma_chain *node,
2009 struct rb_root *root);
2010 struct anon_vma_chain *anon_vma_interval_tree_iter_first(
2011 struct rb_root *root, unsigned long start, unsigned long last);
2012 struct anon_vma_chain *anon_vma_interval_tree_iter_next(
2013 struct anon_vma_chain *node, unsigned long start, unsigned long last);
2014 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_VM_RB
2015 void anon_vma_interval_tree_verify(struct anon_vma_chain *node);
2018 #define anon_vma_interval_tree_foreach(avc, root, start, last) \
2019 for (avc = anon_vma_interval_tree_iter_first(root, start, last); \
2020 avc; avc = anon_vma_interval_tree_iter_next(avc, start, last))
2023 extern int __vm_enough_memory(struct mm_struct *mm, long pages, int cap_sys_admin);
2024 extern int __vma_adjust(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
2025 unsigned long end, pgoff_t pgoff, struct vm_area_struct *insert,
2026 struct vm_area_struct *expand);
2027 static inline int vma_adjust(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
2028 unsigned long end, pgoff_t pgoff, struct vm_area_struct *insert)
2030 return __vma_adjust(vma, start, end, pgoff, insert, NULL);
2032 extern struct vm_area_struct *vma_merge(struct mm_struct *,
2033 struct vm_area_struct *prev, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
2034 unsigned long vm_flags, struct anon_vma *, struct file *, pgoff_t,
2035 struct mempolicy *, struct vm_userfaultfd_ctx);
2036 extern struct anon_vma *find_mergeable_anon_vma(struct vm_area_struct *);
2037 extern int __split_vma(struct mm_struct *, struct vm_area_struct *,
2038 unsigned long addr, int new_below);
2039 extern int split_vma(struct mm_struct *, struct vm_area_struct *,
2040 unsigned long addr, int new_below);
2041 extern int insert_vm_struct(struct mm_struct *, struct vm_area_struct *);
2042 extern void __vma_link_rb(struct mm_struct *, struct vm_area_struct *,
2043 struct rb_node **, struct rb_node *);
2044 extern void unlink_file_vma(struct vm_area_struct *);
2045 extern struct vm_area_struct *copy_vma(struct vm_area_struct **,
2046 unsigned long addr, unsigned long len, pgoff_t pgoff,
2047 bool *need_rmap_locks);
2048 extern void exit_mmap(struct mm_struct *);
2050 static inline int check_data_rlimit(unsigned long rlim,
2052 unsigned long start,
2053 unsigned long end_data,
2054 unsigned long start_data)
2056 if (rlim < RLIM_INFINITY) {
2057 if (((new - start) + (end_data - start_data)) > rlim)
2064 extern int mm_take_all_locks(struct mm_struct *mm);
2065 extern void mm_drop_all_locks(struct mm_struct *mm);
2067 extern void set_mm_exe_file(struct mm_struct *mm, struct file *new_exe_file);
2068 extern struct file *get_mm_exe_file(struct mm_struct *mm);
2069 extern struct file *get_task_exe_file(struct task_struct *task);
2071 extern bool may_expand_vm(struct mm_struct *, vm_flags_t, unsigned long npages);
2072 extern void vm_stat_account(struct mm_struct *, vm_flags_t, long npages);
2074 extern bool vma_is_special_mapping(const struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2075 const struct vm_special_mapping *sm);
2076 extern struct vm_area_struct *_install_special_mapping(struct mm_struct *mm,
2077 unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
2078 unsigned long flags,
2079 const struct vm_special_mapping *spec);
2080 /* This is an obsolete alternative to _install_special_mapping. */
2081 extern int install_special_mapping(struct mm_struct *mm,
2082 unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
2083 unsigned long flags, struct page **pages);
2085 extern unsigned long get_unmapped_area(struct file *, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long);
2087 extern unsigned long mmap_region(struct file *file, unsigned long addr,
2088 unsigned long len, vm_flags_t vm_flags, unsigned long pgoff,
2089 struct list_head *uf);
2090 extern unsigned long do_mmap(struct file *file, unsigned long addr,
2091 unsigned long len, unsigned long prot, unsigned long flags,
2092 vm_flags_t vm_flags, unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long *populate,
2093 struct list_head *uf);
2094 extern int do_munmap(struct mm_struct *, unsigned long, size_t,
2095 struct list_head *uf);
2097 static inline unsigned long
2098 do_mmap_pgoff(struct file *file, unsigned long addr,
2099 unsigned long len, unsigned long prot, unsigned long flags,
2100 unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long *populate,
2101 struct list_head *uf)
2103 return do_mmap(file, addr, len, prot, flags, 0, pgoff, populate, uf);
2107 extern int __mm_populate(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
2109 static inline void mm_populate(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len)
2112 (void) __mm_populate(addr, len, 1);
2115 static inline void mm_populate(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len) {}
2118 /* These take the mm semaphore themselves */
2119 extern int __must_check vm_brk(unsigned long, unsigned long);
2120 extern int __must_check vm_brk_flags(unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long);
2121 extern int vm_munmap(unsigned long, size_t);
2122 extern unsigned long __must_check vm_mmap(struct file *, unsigned long,
2123 unsigned long, unsigned long,
2124 unsigned long, unsigned long);
2126 struct vm_unmapped_area_info {
2127 #define VM_UNMAPPED_AREA_TOPDOWN 1
2128 unsigned long flags;
2129 unsigned long length;
2130 unsigned long low_limit;
2131 unsigned long high_limit;
2132 unsigned long align_mask;
2133 unsigned long align_offset;
2136 extern unsigned long unmapped_area(struct vm_unmapped_area_info *info);
2137 extern unsigned long unmapped_area_topdown(struct vm_unmapped_area_info *info);
2140 * Search for an unmapped address range.
2142 * We are looking for a range that:
2143 * - does not intersect with any VMA;
2144 * - is contained within the [low_limit, high_limit) interval;
2145 * - is at least the desired size.
2146 * - satisfies (begin_addr & align_mask) == (align_offset & align_mask)
2148 static inline unsigned long
2149 vm_unmapped_area(struct vm_unmapped_area_info *info)
2151 if (info->flags & VM_UNMAPPED_AREA_TOPDOWN)
2152 return unmapped_area_topdown(info);
2154 return unmapped_area(info);
2158 extern void truncate_inode_pages(struct address_space *, loff_t);
2159 extern void truncate_inode_pages_range(struct address_space *,
2160 loff_t lstart, loff_t lend);
2161 extern void truncate_inode_pages_final(struct address_space *);
2163 /* generic vm_area_ops exported for stackable file systems */
2164 extern int filemap_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf);
2165 extern void filemap_map_pages(struct vm_fault *vmf,
2166 pgoff_t start_pgoff, pgoff_t end_pgoff);
2167 extern int filemap_page_mkwrite(struct vm_fault *vmf);
2169 /* mm/page-writeback.c */
2170 int write_one_page(struct page *page, int wait);
2171 void task_dirty_inc(struct task_struct *tsk);
2174 #define VM_MAX_READAHEAD 128 /* kbytes */
2175 #define VM_MIN_READAHEAD 16 /* kbytes (includes current page) */
2177 int force_page_cache_readahead(struct address_space *mapping, struct file *filp,
2178 pgoff_t offset, unsigned long nr_to_read);
2180 void page_cache_sync_readahead(struct address_space *mapping,
2181 struct file_ra_state *ra,
2184 unsigned long size);
2186 void page_cache_async_readahead(struct address_space *mapping,
2187 struct file_ra_state *ra,
2191 unsigned long size);
2193 /* Generic expand stack which grows the stack according to GROWS{UP,DOWN} */
2194 extern int expand_stack(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address);
2196 /* CONFIG_STACK_GROWSUP still needs to to grow downwards at some places */
2197 extern int expand_downwards(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2198 unsigned long address);
2200 extern int expand_upwards(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address);
2202 #define expand_upwards(vma, address) (0)
2205 /* Look up the first VMA which satisfies addr < vm_end, NULL if none. */
2206 extern struct vm_area_struct * find_vma(struct mm_struct * mm, unsigned long addr);
2207 extern struct vm_area_struct * find_vma_prev(struct mm_struct * mm, unsigned long addr,
2208 struct vm_area_struct **pprev);
2210 /* Look up the first VMA which intersects the interval start_addr..end_addr-1,
2211 NULL if none. Assume start_addr < end_addr. */
2212 static inline struct vm_area_struct * find_vma_intersection(struct mm_struct * mm, unsigned long start_addr, unsigned long end_addr)
2214 struct vm_area_struct * vma = find_vma(mm,start_addr);
2216 if (vma && end_addr <= vma->vm_start)
2221 static inline unsigned long vma_pages(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
2223 return (vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
2226 /* Look up the first VMA which exactly match the interval vm_start ... vm_end */
2227 static inline struct vm_area_struct *find_exact_vma(struct mm_struct *mm,
2228 unsigned long vm_start, unsigned long vm_end)
2230 struct vm_area_struct *vma = find_vma(mm, vm_start);
2232 if (vma && (vma->vm_start != vm_start || vma->vm_end != vm_end))
2239 pgprot_t vm_get_page_prot(unsigned long vm_flags);
2240 void vma_set_page_prot(struct vm_area_struct *vma);
2242 static inline pgprot_t vm_get_page_prot(unsigned long vm_flags)
2246 static inline void vma_set_page_prot(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
2248 vma->vm_page_prot = vm_get_page_prot(vma->vm_flags);
2252 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
2253 unsigned long change_prot_numa(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2254 unsigned long start, unsigned long end);
2257 struct vm_area_struct *find_extend_vma(struct mm_struct *, unsigned long addr);
2258 int remap_pfn_range(struct vm_area_struct *, unsigned long addr,
2259 unsigned long pfn, unsigned long size, pgprot_t);
2260 int vm_insert_page(struct vm_area_struct *, unsigned long addr, struct page *);
2261 int vm_insert_pfn(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
2263 int vm_insert_pfn_prot(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
2264 unsigned long pfn, pgprot_t pgprot);
2265 int vm_insert_mixed(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
2267 int vm_iomap_memory(struct vm_area_struct *vma, phys_addr_t start, unsigned long len);
2270 struct page *follow_page_mask(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2271 unsigned long address, unsigned int foll_flags,
2272 unsigned int *page_mask);
2274 static inline struct page *follow_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2275 unsigned long address, unsigned int foll_flags)
2277 unsigned int unused_page_mask;
2278 return follow_page_mask(vma, address, foll_flags, &unused_page_mask);
2281 #define FOLL_WRITE 0x01 /* check pte is writable */
2282 #define FOLL_TOUCH 0x02 /* mark page accessed */
2283 #define FOLL_GET 0x04 /* do get_page on page */
2284 #define FOLL_DUMP 0x08 /* give error on hole if it would be zero */
2285 #define FOLL_FORCE 0x10 /* get_user_pages read/write w/o permission */
2286 #define FOLL_NOWAIT 0x20 /* if a disk transfer is needed, start the IO
2287 * and return without waiting upon it */
2288 #define FOLL_POPULATE 0x40 /* fault in page */
2289 #define FOLL_SPLIT 0x80 /* don't return transhuge pages, split them */
2290 #define FOLL_HWPOISON 0x100 /* check page is hwpoisoned */
2291 #define FOLL_NUMA 0x200 /* force NUMA hinting page fault */
2292 #define FOLL_MIGRATION 0x400 /* wait for page to replace migration entry */
2293 #define FOLL_TRIED 0x800 /* a retry, previous pass started an IO */
2294 #define FOLL_MLOCK 0x1000 /* lock present pages */
2295 #define FOLL_REMOTE 0x2000 /* we are working on non-current tsk/mm */
2296 #define FOLL_COW 0x4000 /* internal GUP flag */
2298 typedef int (*pte_fn_t)(pte_t *pte, pgtable_t token, unsigned long addr,
2300 extern int apply_to_page_range(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long address,
2301 unsigned long size, pte_fn_t fn, void *data);
2304 #ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_POISONING
2305 extern bool page_poisoning_enabled(void);
2306 extern void kernel_poison_pages(struct page *page, int numpages, int enable);
2307 extern bool page_is_poisoned(struct page *page);
2309 static inline bool page_poisoning_enabled(void) { return false; }
2310 static inline void kernel_poison_pages(struct page *page, int numpages,
2312 static inline bool page_is_poisoned(struct page *page) { return false; }
2315 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
2316 extern bool _debug_pagealloc_enabled;
2317 extern void __kernel_map_pages(struct page *page, int numpages, int enable);
2319 static inline bool debug_pagealloc_enabled(void)
2321 return _debug_pagealloc_enabled;
2325 kernel_map_pages(struct page *page, int numpages, int enable)
2327 if (!debug_pagealloc_enabled())
2330 __kernel_map_pages(page, numpages, enable);
2332 #ifdef CONFIG_HIBERNATION
2333 extern bool kernel_page_present(struct page *page);
2334 #endif /* CONFIG_HIBERNATION */
2335 #else /* CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC */
2337 kernel_map_pages(struct page *page, int numpages, int enable) {}
2338 #ifdef CONFIG_HIBERNATION
2339 static inline bool kernel_page_present(struct page *page) { return true; }
2340 #endif /* CONFIG_HIBERNATION */
2341 static inline bool debug_pagealloc_enabled(void)
2345 #endif /* CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC */
2347 #ifdef __HAVE_ARCH_GATE_AREA
2348 extern struct vm_area_struct *get_gate_vma(struct mm_struct *mm);
2349 extern int in_gate_area_no_mm(unsigned long addr);
2350 extern int in_gate_area(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr);
2352 static inline struct vm_area_struct *get_gate_vma(struct mm_struct *mm)
2356 static inline int in_gate_area_no_mm(unsigned long addr) { return 0; }
2357 static inline int in_gate_area(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr)
2361 #endif /* __HAVE_ARCH_GATE_AREA */
2363 extern bool process_shares_mm(struct task_struct *p, struct mm_struct *mm);
2365 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
2366 extern int sysctl_drop_caches;
2367 int drop_caches_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *, int,
2368 void __user *, size_t *, loff_t *);
2371 void drop_slab(void);
2372 void drop_slab_node(int nid);
2375 #define randomize_va_space 0
2377 extern int randomize_va_space;
2380 const char * arch_vma_name(struct vm_area_struct *vma);
2381 void print_vma_addr(char *prefix, unsigned long rip);
2383 void sparse_mem_maps_populate_node(struct page **map_map,
2384 unsigned long pnum_begin,
2385 unsigned long pnum_end,
2386 unsigned long map_count,
2389 struct page *sparse_mem_map_populate(unsigned long pnum, int nid);
2390 pgd_t *vmemmap_pgd_populate(unsigned long addr, int node);
2391 pud_t *vmemmap_pud_populate(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr, int node);
2392 pmd_t *vmemmap_pmd_populate(pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr, int node);
2393 pte_t *vmemmap_pte_populate(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, int node);
2394 void *vmemmap_alloc_block(unsigned long size, int node);
2396 void *__vmemmap_alloc_block_buf(unsigned long size, int node,
2397 struct vmem_altmap *altmap);
2398 static inline void *vmemmap_alloc_block_buf(unsigned long size, int node)
2400 return __vmemmap_alloc_block_buf(size, node, NULL);
2403 void vmemmap_verify(pte_t *, int, unsigned long, unsigned long);
2404 int vmemmap_populate_basepages(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
2406 int vmemmap_populate(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int node);
2407 void vmemmap_populate_print_last(void);
2408 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
2409 void vmemmap_free(unsigned long start, unsigned long end);
2411 void register_page_bootmem_memmap(unsigned long section_nr, struct page *map,
2412 unsigned long size);
2415 MF_COUNT_INCREASED = 1 << 0,
2416 MF_ACTION_REQUIRED = 1 << 1,
2417 MF_MUST_KILL = 1 << 2,
2418 MF_SOFT_OFFLINE = 1 << 3,
2420 extern int memory_failure(unsigned long pfn, int trapno, int flags);
2421 extern void memory_failure_queue(unsigned long pfn, int trapno, int flags);
2422 extern int unpoison_memory(unsigned long pfn);
2423 extern int get_hwpoison_page(struct page *page);
2424 #define put_hwpoison_page(page) put_page(page)
2425 extern int sysctl_memory_failure_early_kill;
2426 extern int sysctl_memory_failure_recovery;
2427 extern void shake_page(struct page *p, int access);
2428 extern atomic_long_t num_poisoned_pages;
2429 extern int soft_offline_page(struct page *page, int flags);
2433 * Error handlers for various types of pages.
2436 MF_IGNORED, /* Error: cannot be handled */
2437 MF_FAILED, /* Error: handling failed */
2438 MF_DELAYED, /* Will be handled later */
2439 MF_RECOVERED, /* Successfully recovered */
2442 enum mf_action_page_type {
2444 MF_MSG_KERNEL_HIGH_ORDER,
2446 MF_MSG_DIFFERENT_COMPOUND,
2447 MF_MSG_POISONED_HUGE,
2450 MF_MSG_UNMAP_FAILED,
2451 MF_MSG_DIRTY_SWAPCACHE,
2452 MF_MSG_CLEAN_SWAPCACHE,
2453 MF_MSG_DIRTY_MLOCKED_LRU,
2454 MF_MSG_CLEAN_MLOCKED_LRU,
2455 MF_MSG_DIRTY_UNEVICTABLE_LRU,
2456 MF_MSG_CLEAN_UNEVICTABLE_LRU,
2459 MF_MSG_TRUNCATED_LRU,
2465 #if defined(CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE) || defined(CONFIG_HUGETLBFS)
2466 extern void clear_huge_page(struct page *page,
2468 unsigned int pages_per_huge_page);
2469 extern void copy_user_huge_page(struct page *dst, struct page *src,
2470 unsigned long addr, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2471 unsigned int pages_per_huge_page);
2472 extern long copy_huge_page_from_user(struct page *dst_page,
2473 const void __user *usr_src,
2474 unsigned int pages_per_huge_page,
2475 bool allow_pagefault);
2476 #endif /* CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE || CONFIG_HUGETLBFS */
2478 extern struct page_ext_operations debug_guardpage_ops;
2479 extern struct page_ext_operations page_poisoning_ops;
2481 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
2482 extern unsigned int _debug_guardpage_minorder;
2483 extern bool _debug_guardpage_enabled;
2485 static inline unsigned int debug_guardpage_minorder(void)
2487 return _debug_guardpage_minorder;
2490 static inline bool debug_guardpage_enabled(void)
2492 return _debug_guardpage_enabled;
2495 static inline bool page_is_guard(struct page *page)
2497 struct page_ext *page_ext;
2499 if (!debug_guardpage_enabled())
2502 page_ext = lookup_page_ext(page);
2503 if (unlikely(!page_ext))
2506 return test_bit(PAGE_EXT_DEBUG_GUARD, &page_ext->flags);
2509 static inline unsigned int debug_guardpage_minorder(void) { return 0; }
2510 static inline bool debug_guardpage_enabled(void) { return false; }
2511 static inline bool page_is_guard(struct page *page) { return false; }
2512 #endif /* CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC */
2514 #if MAX_NUMNODES > 1
2515 void __init setup_nr_node_ids(void);
2517 static inline void setup_nr_node_ids(void) {}
2520 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
2521 #endif /* _LINUX_MM_H */