[linux-block.git] / include / linux / dma-buf.h

/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
/*
 * Header file for dma buffer sharing framework.
 *
 * Copyright(C) 2011 Linaro Limited. All rights reserved.
 * Author: Sumit Semwal <sumit.semwal@ti.com>
 *
 * Many thanks to linaro-mm-sig list, and specially
 * Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>, Rob Clark <rob@ti.com> and
 * Daniel Vetter <daniel@ffwll.ch> for their support in creation and
 * refining of this idea.
 */
#ifndef __DMA_BUF_H__
#define __DMA_BUF_H__

#include <linux/iosys-map.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/scatterlist.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/dma-fence.h>
#include <linux/wait.h>

struct device;
struct dma_buf;
struct dma_buf_attachment;

/**
 * struct dma_buf_ops - operations possible on struct dma_buf
 * @vmap: [optional] creates a virtual mapping for the buffer into kernel
 *        address space. Same restrictions as for vmap and friends apply.
 * @vunmap: [optional] unmaps a vmap from the buffer
 */
struct dma_buf_ops {
        /**
         * @attach:
         *
         * This is called from dma_buf_attach() to make sure that a given
         * &dma_buf_attachment.dev can access the provided &dma_buf. Exporters
         * which support buffer objects in special locations like VRAM or
         * device-specific carveout areas should check whether the buffer could
         * be move to system memory (or directly accessed by the provided
         * device), and otherwise need to fail the attach operation.
         *
         * The exporter should also in general check whether the current
         * allocation fulfills the DMA constraints of the new device. If this
         * is not the case, and the allocation cannot be moved, it should also
         * fail the attach operation.
         *
         * Any exporter-private housekeeping data can be stored in the
         * &dma_buf_attachment.priv pointer.
         *
         * This callback is optional.
         *
         * Returns:
         *
         * 0 on success, negative error code on failure. It might return -EBUSY
         * to signal that backing storage is already allocated and incompatible
         * with the requirements of requesting device.
         */
        int (*attach)(struct dma_buf *, struct dma_buf_attachment *);

        /**
         * @detach:
         *
         * This is called by dma_buf_detach() to release a &dma_buf_attachment.
         * Provided so that exporters can clean up any housekeeping for an
         * &dma_buf_attachment.
         *
         * This callback is optional.
         */
        void (*detach)(struct dma_buf *, struct dma_buf_attachment *);

        /**
         * @pin:
         *
         * This is called by dma_buf_pin() and lets the exporter know that the
         * DMA-buf can't be moved any more. Ideally, the exporter should
         * pin the buffer so that it is generally accessible by all
         * devices.
         *
         * This is called with the &dmabuf.resv object locked and is mutual
         * exclusive with @cache_sgt_mapping.
         *
         * This is called automatically for non-dynamic importers from
         * dma_buf_attach().
         *
         * Note that similar to non-dynamic exporters in their @map_dma_buf
         * callback the driver must guarantee that the memory is available for
         * use and cleared of any old data by the time this function returns.
         * Drivers which pipeline their buffer moves internally must wait for
         * all moves and clears to complete.
         *
         * Returns:
         *
         * 0 on success, negative error code on failure.
         */
        int (*pin)(struct dma_buf_attachment *attach);

        /**
         * @unpin:
         *
         * This is called by dma_buf_unpin() and lets the exporter know that the
         * DMA-buf can be moved again.
         *
         * This is called with the dmabuf->resv object locked and is mutual
         * exclusive with @cache_sgt_mapping.
         *
         * This callback is optional.
         */
        void (*unpin)(struct dma_buf_attachment *attach);

        /**
         * @map_dma_buf:
         *
         * This is called by dma_buf_map_attachment() and is used to map a
         * shared &dma_buf into device address space, and it is mandatory. It
         * can only be called if @attach has been called successfully.
         *
         * This call may sleep, e.g. when the backing storage first needs to be
         * allocated, or moved to a location suitable for all currently attached
         * devices.
         *
         * Note that any specific buffer attributes required for this function
         * should get added to device_dma_parameters accessible via
         * &device.dma_params from the &dma_buf_attachment. The @attach callback
         * should also check these constraints.
         *
         * If this is being called for the first time, the exporter can now
         * choose to scan through the list of attachments for this buffer,
         * collate the requirements of the attached devices, and choose an
         * appropriate backing storage for the buffer.
         *
         * Based on enum dma_data_direction, it might be possible to have
         * multiple users accessing at the same time (for reading, maybe), or
         * any other kind of sharing that the exporter might wish to make
         * available to buffer-users.
         *
         * This is always called with the dmabuf->resv object locked when
         * the dynamic_mapping flag is true.
         *
         * Note that for non-dynamic exporters the driver must guarantee that
         * that the memory is available for use and cleared of any old data by
         * the time this function returns.  Drivers which pipeline their buffer
         * moves internally must wait for all moves and clears to complete.
         * Dynamic exporters do not need to follow this rule: For non-dynamic
         * importers the buffer is already pinned through @pin, which has the
         * same requirements. Dynamic importers otoh are required to obey the
         * dma_resv fences.
         *
         * Returns:
         *
         * A &sg_table scatter list of the backing storage of the DMA buffer,
         * already mapped into the device address space of the &device attached
         * with the provided &dma_buf_attachment. The addresses and lengths in
         * the scatter list are PAGE_SIZE aligned.
         *
         * On failure, returns a negative error value wrapped into a pointer.
         * May also return -EINTR when a signal was received while being
         * blocked.
         *
         * Note that exporters should not try to cache the scatter list, or
         * return the same one for multiple calls. Caching is done either by the
         * DMA-BUF code (for non-dynamic importers) or the importer. Ownership
         * of the scatter list is transferred to the caller, and returned by
         * @unmap_dma_buf.
         */
        struct sg_table * (*map_dma_buf)(struct dma_buf_attachment *,
                                         enum dma_data_direction);
        /**
         * @unmap_dma_buf:
         *
         * This is called by dma_buf_unmap_attachment() and should unmap and
         * release the &sg_table allocated in @map_dma_buf, and it is mandatory.
         * For static dma_buf handling this might also unpin the backing
         * storage if this is the last mapping of the DMA buffer.
         */
        void (*unmap_dma_buf)(struct dma_buf_attachment *,
                              struct sg_table *,
                              enum dma_data_direction);

        /* TODO: Add try_map_dma_buf version, to return immed with -EBUSY
         * if the call would block.
         */

        /**
         * @release:
         *
         * Called after the last dma_buf_put to release the &dma_buf, and
         * mandatory.
         */
        void (*release)(struct dma_buf *);

        /**
         * @begin_cpu_access:
         *
         * This is called from dma_buf_begin_cpu_access() and allows the
         * exporter to ensure that the memory is actually coherent for cpu
         * access. The exporter also needs to ensure that cpu access is coherent
         * for the access direction. The direction can be used by the exporter
         * to optimize the cache flushing, i.e. access with a different
         * direction (read instead of write) might return stale or even bogus
         * data (e.g. when the exporter needs to copy the data to temporary
         * storage).
         *
         * Note that this is both called through the DMA_BUF_IOCTL_SYNC IOCTL
         * command for userspace mappings established through @mmap, and also
         * for kernel mappings established with @vmap.
         *
         * This callback is optional.
         *
         * Returns:
         *
         * 0 on success or a negative error code on failure. This can for
         * example fail when the backing storage can't be allocated. Can also
         * return -ERESTARTSYS or -EINTR when the call has been interrupted and
         * needs to be restarted.
         */
        int (*begin_cpu_access)(struct dma_buf *, enum dma_data_direction);

        /**
         * @end_cpu_access:
         *
         * This is called from dma_buf_end_cpu_access() when the importer is
         * done accessing the CPU. The exporter can use this to flush caches and
         * undo anything else done in @begin_cpu_access.
         *
         * This callback is optional.
         *
         * Returns:
         *
         * 0 on success or a negative error code on failure. Can return
         * -ERESTARTSYS or -EINTR when the call has been interrupted and needs
         * to be restarted.
         */
        int (*end_cpu_access)(struct dma_buf *, enum dma_data_direction);

        /**
         * @mmap:
         *
         * This callback is used by the dma_buf_mmap() function
         *
         * Note that the mapping needs to be incoherent, userspace is expected
         * to bracket CPU access using the DMA_BUF_IOCTL_SYNC interface.
         *
         * Because dma-buf buffers have invariant size over their lifetime, the
         * dma-buf core checks whether a vma is too large and rejects such
         * mappings. The exporter hence does not need to duplicate this check.
         * Drivers do not need to check this themselves.
         *
         * If an exporter needs to manually flush caches and hence needs to fake
         * coherency for mmap support, it needs to be able to zap all the ptes
         * pointing at the backing storage. Now linux mm needs a struct
         * address_space associated with the struct file stored in vma->vm_file
         * to do that with the function unmap_mapping_range. But the dma_buf
         * framework only backs every dma_buf fd with the anon_file struct file,
         * i.e. all dma_bufs share the same file.
         *
         * Hence exporters need to setup their own file (and address_space)
         * association by setting vma->vm_file and adjusting vma->vm_pgoff in
         * the dma_buf mmap callback. In the specific case of a gem driver the
         * exporter could use the shmem file already provided by gem (and set
         * vm_pgoff = 0). Exporters can then zap ptes by unmapping the
         * corresponding range of the struct address_space associated with their
         * own file.
         *
         * This callback is optional.
         *
         * Returns:
         *
         * 0 on success or a negative error code on failure.
         */
        int (*mmap)(struct dma_buf *, struct vm_area_struct *vma);

        int (*vmap)(struct dma_buf *dmabuf, struct iosys_map *map);
        void (*vunmap)(struct dma_buf *dmabuf, struct iosys_map *map);
};

/**
 * struct dma_buf - shared buffer object
 *
 * This represents a shared buffer, created by calling dma_buf_export(). The
 * userspace representation is a normal file descriptor, which can be created by
 * calling dma_buf_fd().
 *
 * Shared dma buffers are reference counted using dma_buf_put() and
 * get_dma_buf().
 *
 * Device DMA access is handled by the separate &struct dma_buf_attachment.
 */
struct dma_buf {
        /**
         * @size:
         *
         * Size of the buffer; invariant over the lifetime of the buffer.
         */
        size_t size;

        /**
         * @file:
         *
         * File pointer used for sharing buffers across, and for refcounting.
         * See dma_buf_get() and dma_buf_put().
         */
        struct file *file;

        /**
         * @attachments:
         *
         * List of dma_buf_attachment that denotes all devices attached,
         * protected by &dma_resv lock @resv.
         */
        struct list_head attachments;

        /** @ops: dma_buf_ops associated with this buffer object. */
        const struct dma_buf_ops *ops;

        /**
         * @vmapping_counter:
         *
         * Used internally to refcnt the vmaps returned by dma_buf_vmap().
         * Protected by @lock.
         */
        unsigned vmapping_counter;

        /**
         * @vmap_ptr:
         * The current vmap ptr if @vmapping_counter > 0. Protected by @lock.
         */
        struct iosys_map vmap_ptr;

        /**
         * @exp_name:
         *
         * Name of the exporter; useful for debugging. Must not be NULL
         */
        const char *exp_name;

        /**
         * @name:
         *
         * Userspace-provided name. Default value is NULL. If not NULL,
         * length cannot be longer than DMA_BUF_NAME_LEN, including NIL
         * char. Useful for accounting and debugging. Read/Write accesses
         * are protected by @name_lock
         *
         * See the IOCTLs DMA_BUF_SET_NAME or DMA_BUF_SET_NAME_A/B
         */
        const char *name;

        /** @name_lock: Spinlock to protect name access for read access. */
        spinlock_t name_lock;

        /**
         * @owner:
         *
         * Pointer to exporter module; used for refcounting when exporter is a
         * kernel module.
         */
        struct module *owner;

        /** @list_node: node for dma_buf accounting and debugging. */
        struct list_head list_node;

        /** @priv: exporter specific private data for this buffer object. */
        void *priv;

        /**
         * @resv:
         *
         * Reservation object linked to this dma-buf.
         *
         * IMPLICIT SYNCHRONIZATION RULES:
         *
         * Drivers which support implicit synchronization of buffer access as
         * e.g. exposed in `Implicit Fence Poll Support`_ must follow the
         * below rules.
         *
         * - Drivers must add a read fence through dma_resv_add_fence() with the
         *   DMA_RESV_USAGE_READ flag for anything the userspace API considers a
         *   read access. This highly depends upon the API and window system.
         *
         * - Similarly drivers must add a write fence through
         *   dma_resv_add_fence() with the DMA_RESV_USAGE_WRITE flag for
         *   anything the userspace API considers write access.
         *
         * - Drivers may just always add a write fence, since that only
         *   causes unnecessary synchronization, but no correctness issues.
         *
         * - Some drivers only expose a synchronous userspace API with no
         *   pipelining across drivers. These do not set any fences for their
         *   access. An example here is v4l.
         *
         * - Driver should use dma_resv_usage_rw() when retrieving fences as
         *   dependency for implicit synchronization.
         *
         * DYNAMIC IMPORTER RULES:
         *
         * Dynamic importers, see dma_buf_attachment_is_dynamic(), have
         * additional constraints on how they set up fences:
         *
         * - Dynamic importers must obey the write fences and wait for them to
         *   signal before allowing access to the buffer's underlying storage
         *   through the device.
         *
         * - Dynamic importers should set fences for any access that they can't
         *   disable immediately from their &dma_buf_attach_ops.move_notify
         *   callback.
         *
         * IMPORTANT:
         *
         * All drivers and memory management related functions must obey the
         * struct dma_resv rules, specifically the rules for updating and
         * obeying fences. See enum dma_resv_usage for further descriptions.
         */
        struct dma_resv *resv;

        /** @poll: for userspace poll support */
        wait_queue_head_t poll;

        /** @cb_in: for userspace poll support */
        /** @cb_out: for userspace poll support */
        struct dma_buf_poll_cb_t {
                struct dma_fence_cb cb;
                wait_queue_head_t *poll;

                __poll_t active;
        } cb_in, cb_out;
#ifdef CONFIG_DMABUF_SYSFS_STATS
        /**
         * @sysfs_entry:
         *
         * For exposing information about this buffer in sysfs. See also
         * `DMA-BUF statistics`_ for the uapi this enables.
         */
        struct dma_buf_sysfs_entry {
                struct kobject kobj;
                struct dma_buf *dmabuf;
        } *sysfs_entry;
#endif
};

/**
 * struct dma_buf_attach_ops - importer operations for an attachment
 *
 * Attachment operations implemented by the importer.
 */
struct dma_buf_attach_ops {
        /**
         * @allow_peer2peer:
         *
         * If this is set to true the importer must be able to handle peer
         * resources without struct pages.
         */
        bool allow_peer2peer;

        /**
         * @move_notify: [optional] notification that the DMA-buf is moving
         *
         * If this callback is provided the framework can avoid pinning the
         * backing store while mappings exists.
         *
         * This callback is called with the lock of the reservation object
         * associated with the dma_buf held and the mapping function must be
         * called with this lock held as well. This makes sure that no mapping
         * is created concurrently with an ongoing move operation.
         *
         * Mappings stay valid and are not directly affected by this callback.
         * But the DMA-buf can now be in a different physical location, so all
         * mappings should be destroyed and re-created as soon as possible.
         *
         * New mappings can be created after this callback returns, and will
         * point to the new location of the DMA-buf.
         */
        void (*move_notify)(struct dma_buf_attachment *attach);
};

/**
 * struct dma_buf_attachment - holds device-buffer attachment data
 * @dmabuf: buffer for this attachment.
 * @dev: device attached to the buffer.
 * @node: list of dma_buf_attachment, protected by dma_resv lock of the dmabuf.
 * @peer2peer: true if the importer can handle peer resources without pages.
 * @priv: exporter specific attachment data.
 * @importer_ops: importer operations for this attachment, if provided
 * dma_buf_map/unmap_attachment() must be called with the dma_resv lock held.
 * @importer_priv: importer specific attachment data.
 *
 * This structure holds the attachment information between the dma_buf buffer
 * and its user device(s). The list contains one attachment struct per device
 * attached to the buffer.
 *
 * An attachment is created by calling dma_buf_attach(), and released again by
 * calling dma_buf_detach(). The DMA mapping itself needed to initiate a
 * transfer is created by dma_buf_map_attachment() and freed again by calling
 * dma_buf_unmap_attachment().
 */
struct dma_buf_attachment {
        struct dma_buf *dmabuf;
        struct device *dev;
        struct list_head node;
        bool peer2peer;
        const struct dma_buf_attach_ops *importer_ops;
        void *importer_priv;
        void *priv;
};

/**
 * struct dma_buf_export_info - holds information needed to export a dma_buf
 * @exp_name:   name of the exporter - useful for debugging.
 * @owner:      pointer to exporter module - used for refcounting kernel module
 * @ops:        Attach allocator-defined dma buf ops to the new buffer
 * @size:       Size of the buffer - invariant over the lifetime of the buffer
 * @flags:      mode flags for the file
 * @resv:       reservation-object, NULL to allocate default one
 * @priv:       Attach private data of allocator to this buffer
 *
 * This structure holds the information required to export the buffer. Used
 * with dma_buf_export() only.
 */
struct dma_buf_export_info {
        const char *exp_name;
        struct module *owner;
        const struct dma_buf_ops *ops;
        size_t size;
        int flags;
        struct dma_resv *resv;
        void *priv;
};

/**
 * DEFINE_DMA_BUF_EXPORT_INFO - helper macro for exporters
 * @name: export-info name
 *
 * DEFINE_DMA_BUF_EXPORT_INFO macro defines the &struct dma_buf_export_info,
 * zeroes it out and pre-populates exp_name in it.
 */
#define DEFINE_DMA_BUF_EXPORT_INFO(name)        \
        struct dma_buf_export_info name = { .exp_name = KBUILD_MODNAME, \
                                         .owner = THIS_MODULE }

/**
 * get_dma_buf - convenience wrapper for get_file.
 * @dmabuf:     [in]    pointer to dma_buf
 *
 * Increments the reference count on the dma-buf, needed in case of drivers
 * that either need to create additional references to the dmabuf on the
 * kernel side.  For example, an exporter that needs to keep a dmabuf ptr
 * so that subsequent exports don't create a new dmabuf.
 */
static inline void get_dma_buf(struct dma_buf *dmabuf)
{
        get_file(dmabuf->file);
}

/**
 * dma_buf_is_dynamic - check if a DMA-buf uses dynamic mappings.
 * @dmabuf: the DMA-buf to check
 *
 * Returns true if a DMA-buf exporter wants to be called with the dma_resv
 * locked for the map/unmap callbacks, false if it doesn't wants to be called
 * with the lock held.
 */
static inline bool dma_buf_is_dynamic(struct dma_buf *dmabuf)
{
        return !!dmabuf->ops->pin;
}

struct dma_buf_attachment *dma_buf_attach(struct dma_buf *dmabuf,
                                          struct device *dev);
struct dma_buf_attachment *
dma_buf_dynamic_attach(struct dma_buf *dmabuf, struct device *dev,
                       const struct dma_buf_attach_ops *importer_ops,
                       void *importer_priv);
void dma_buf_detach(struct dma_buf *dmabuf,
                    struct dma_buf_attachment *attach);
int dma_buf_pin(struct dma_buf_attachment *attach);
void dma_buf_unpin(struct dma_buf_attachment *attach);

struct dma_buf *dma_buf_export(const struct dma_buf_export_info *exp_info);

int dma_buf_fd(struct dma_buf *dmabuf, int flags);
struct dma_buf *dma_buf_get(int fd);
void dma_buf_put(struct dma_buf *dmabuf);

struct sg_table *dma_buf_map_attachment(struct dma_buf_attachment *,
                                        enum dma_data_direction);
void dma_buf_unmap_attachment(struct dma_buf_attachment *, struct sg_table *,
                                enum dma_data_direction);
void dma_buf_move_notify(struct dma_buf *dma_buf);
int dma_buf_begin_cpu_access(struct dma_buf *dma_buf,
                             enum dma_data_direction dir);
int dma_buf_end_cpu_access(struct dma_buf *dma_buf,
                           enum dma_data_direction dir);
struct sg_table *
dma_buf_map_attachment_unlocked(struct dma_buf_attachment *attach,
                                enum dma_data_direction direction);
void dma_buf_unmap_attachment_unlocked(struct dma_buf_attachment *attach,
                                       struct sg_table *sg_table,
                                       enum dma_data_direction direction);

int dma_buf_mmap(struct dma_buf *, struct vm_area_struct *,
                 unsigned long);
int dma_buf_vmap(struct dma_buf *dmabuf, struct iosys_map *map);
void dma_buf_vunmap(struct dma_buf *dmabuf, struct iosys_map *map);
int dma_buf_vmap_unlocked(struct dma_buf *dmabuf, struct iosys_map *map);
void dma_buf_vunmap_unlocked(struct dma_buf *dmabuf, struct iosys_map *map);
struct dma_buf *dma_buf_iter_begin(void);
struct dma_buf *dma_buf_iter_next(struct dma_buf *dmbuf);
#endif /* __DMA_BUF_H__ */