1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /* -*- linux-c -*- --------------------------------------------------------- *
4 * linux/fs/devpts/inode.c
6 * Copyright 1998-2004 H. Peter Anvin -- All Rights Reserved
8 * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
10 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
12 #include <linux/module.h>
13 #include <linux/init.h>
15 #include <linux/fs_context.h>
16 #include <linux/fs_parser.h>
17 #include <linux/sched.h>
18 #include <linux/namei.h>
19 #include <linux/slab.h>
20 #include <linux/mount.h>
21 #include <linux/tty.h>
22 #include <linux/mutex.h>
23 #include <linux/magic.h>
24 #include <linux/idr.h>
25 #include <linux/devpts_fs.h>
26 #include <linux/fsnotify.h>
27 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
29 #define DEVPTS_DEFAULT_MODE 0600
31 * ptmx is a new node in /dev/pts and will be unused in legacy (single-
32 * instance) mode. To prevent surprises in user space, set permissions of
33 * ptmx to 0. Use 'chmod' or remount with '-o ptmxmode' to set meaningful
36 #define DEVPTS_DEFAULT_PTMX_MODE 0000
40 * sysctl support for setting limits on the number of Unix98 ptys allocated.
41 * Otherwise one can eat up all kernel memory by opening /dev/ptmx repeatedly.
43 static int pty_limit = NR_UNIX98_PTY_DEFAULT;
44 static int pty_reserve = NR_UNIX98_PTY_RESERVE;
45 static int pty_limit_min;
46 static int pty_limit_max = INT_MAX;
47 static atomic_t pty_count = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
49 static const struct ctl_table pty_table[] = {
52 .maxlen = sizeof(int),
55 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec_minmax,
56 .extra1 = &pty_limit_min,
57 .extra2 = &pty_limit_max,
59 .procname = "reserve",
60 .maxlen = sizeof(int),
63 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec_minmax,
64 .extra1 = &pty_limit_min,
65 .extra2 = &pty_limit_max,
68 .maxlen = sizeof(int),
71 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec,
75 struct pts_mount_opts {
87 Opt_uid, Opt_gid, Opt_mode, Opt_ptmxmode, Opt_newinstance, Opt_max,
91 static const struct fs_parameter_spec devpts_param_specs[] = {
92 fsparam_gid ("gid", Opt_gid),
93 fsparam_s32 ("max", Opt_max),
94 fsparam_u32oct ("mode", Opt_mode),
95 fsparam_flag ("newinstance", Opt_newinstance),
96 fsparam_u32oct ("ptmxmode", Opt_ptmxmode),
97 fsparam_uid ("uid", Opt_uid),
102 struct ida allocated_ptys;
103 struct pts_mount_opts mount_opts;
104 struct super_block *sb;
105 struct dentry *ptmx_dentry;
108 static inline struct pts_fs_info *DEVPTS_SB(struct super_block *sb)
110 return sb->s_fs_info;
113 static int devpts_ptmx_path(struct path *path)
115 struct super_block *sb;
118 /* Is a devpts filesystem at "pts" in the same directory? */
119 err = path_pts(path);
123 /* Is the path the root of a devpts filesystem? */
124 sb = path->mnt->mnt_sb;
125 if ((sb->s_magic != DEVPTS_SUPER_MAGIC) ||
126 (path->mnt->mnt_root != sb->s_root))
133 * Try to find a suitable devpts filesystem. We support the following
135 * - The ptmx device node is located in the same directory as the devpts
136 * mount where the pts device nodes are located.
137 * This is e.g. the case when calling open on the /dev/pts/ptmx device
138 * node when the devpts filesystem is mounted at /dev/pts.
139 * - The ptmx device node is located outside the devpts filesystem mount
140 * where the pts device nodes are located. For example, the ptmx device
141 * is a symlink, separate device node, or bind-mount.
142 * A supported scenario is bind-mounting /dev/pts/ptmx to /dev/ptmx and
143 * then calling open on /dev/ptmx. In this case a suitable pts
144 * subdirectory can be found in the common parent directory /dev of the
145 * devpts mount and the ptmx bind-mount, after resolving the /dev/ptmx
147 * If no suitable pts subdirectory can be found this function will fail.
148 * This is e.g. the case when bind-mounting /dev/pts/ptmx to /ptmx.
150 struct vfsmount *devpts_mntget(struct file *filp, struct pts_fs_info *fsi)
158 /* Walk upward while the start point is a bind mount of
161 while (path.mnt->mnt_root == path.dentry)
162 if (follow_up(&path) == 0)
165 /* devpts_ptmx_path() finds a devpts fs or returns an error. */
166 if ((path.mnt->mnt_sb->s_magic != DEVPTS_SUPER_MAGIC) ||
167 (DEVPTS_SB(path.mnt->mnt_sb) != fsi))
168 err = devpts_ptmx_path(&path);
171 if (DEVPTS_SB(path.mnt->mnt_sb) == fsi)
181 struct pts_fs_info *devpts_acquire(struct file *filp)
183 struct pts_fs_info *result;
185 struct super_block *sb;
190 /* Has the devpts filesystem already been found? */
191 if (path.mnt->mnt_sb->s_magic != DEVPTS_SUPER_MAGIC) {
194 err = devpts_ptmx_path(&path);
196 result = ERR_PTR(err);
202 * pty code needs to hold extra references in case of last /dev/tty close
204 sb = path.mnt->mnt_sb;
205 atomic_inc(&sb->s_active);
206 result = DEVPTS_SB(sb);
213 void devpts_release(struct pts_fs_info *fsi)
215 deactivate_super(fsi->sb);
219 * devpts_parse_param - Parse mount parameters
221 static int devpts_parse_param(struct fs_context *fc, struct fs_parameter *param)
223 struct pts_fs_info *fsi = fc->s_fs_info;
224 struct pts_mount_opts *opts = &fsi->mount_opts;
225 struct fs_parse_result result;
228 opt = fs_parse(fc, devpts_param_specs, param, &result);
234 opts->uid = result.uid;
238 opts->gid = result.gid;
242 opts->mode = result.uint_32 & S_IALLUGO;
245 opts->ptmxmode = result.uint_32 & S_IALLUGO;
247 case Opt_newinstance:
250 if (result.uint_32 > NR_UNIX98_PTY_MAX)
251 return invalf(fc, "max out of range");
252 opts->max = result.uint_32;
259 static int mknod_ptmx(struct super_block *sb, struct fs_context *fc)
263 struct dentry *dentry;
265 struct dentry *root = sb->s_root;
266 struct pts_fs_info *fsi = DEVPTS_SB(sb);
267 struct pts_mount_opts *opts = &fsi->mount_opts;
268 kuid_t ptmx_uid = current_fsuid();
269 kgid_t ptmx_gid = current_fsgid();
271 inode_lock(d_inode(root));
273 /* If we have already created ptmx node, return */
274 if (fsi->ptmx_dentry) {
279 dentry = d_alloc_name(root, "ptmx");
281 pr_err("Unable to alloc dentry for ptmx node\n");
286 * Create a new 'ptmx' node in this mount of devpts.
288 inode = new_inode(sb);
290 pr_err("Unable to alloc inode for ptmx node\n");
296 simple_inode_init_ts(inode);
298 mode = S_IFCHR|opts->ptmxmode;
299 init_special_inode(inode, mode, MKDEV(TTYAUX_MAJOR, 2));
300 inode->i_uid = ptmx_uid;
301 inode->i_gid = ptmx_gid;
303 d_add(dentry, inode);
305 fsi->ptmx_dentry = dentry;
308 inode_unlock(d_inode(root));
312 static void update_ptmx_mode(struct pts_fs_info *fsi)
315 if (fsi->ptmx_dentry) {
316 inode = d_inode(fsi->ptmx_dentry);
317 inode->i_mode = S_IFCHR|fsi->mount_opts.ptmxmode;
321 static int devpts_reconfigure(struct fs_context *fc)
323 struct pts_fs_info *fsi = DEVPTS_SB(fc->root->d_sb);
324 struct pts_fs_info *new = fc->s_fs_info;
326 /* Apply the revised options. We don't want to change ->reserve.
327 * Ideally, we'd update each option conditionally on it having been
328 * explicitly changed, but the default is to reset everything so that
329 * would break UAPI...
331 fsi->mount_opts.setuid = new->mount_opts.setuid;
332 fsi->mount_opts.setgid = new->mount_opts.setgid;
333 fsi->mount_opts.uid = new->mount_opts.uid;
334 fsi->mount_opts.gid = new->mount_opts.gid;
335 fsi->mount_opts.mode = new->mount_opts.mode;
336 fsi->mount_opts.ptmxmode = new->mount_opts.ptmxmode;
337 fsi->mount_opts.max = new->mount_opts.max;
340 * parse_mount_options() restores options to default values
341 * before parsing and may have changed ptmxmode. So, update the
342 * mode in the inode too. Bogus options don't fail the remount,
343 * so do this even on error return.
345 update_ptmx_mode(fsi);
350 static int devpts_show_options(struct seq_file *seq, struct dentry *root)
352 struct pts_fs_info *fsi = DEVPTS_SB(root->d_sb);
353 struct pts_mount_opts *opts = &fsi->mount_opts;
356 seq_printf(seq, ",uid=%u",
357 from_kuid_munged(&init_user_ns, opts->uid));
359 seq_printf(seq, ",gid=%u",
360 from_kgid_munged(&init_user_ns, opts->gid));
361 seq_printf(seq, ",mode=%03o", opts->mode);
362 seq_printf(seq, ",ptmxmode=%03o", opts->ptmxmode);
363 if (opts->max < NR_UNIX98_PTY_MAX)
364 seq_printf(seq, ",max=%d", opts->max);
369 static const struct super_operations devpts_sops = {
370 .statfs = simple_statfs,
371 .show_options = devpts_show_options,
374 static int devpts_fill_super(struct super_block *s, struct fs_context *fc)
376 struct pts_fs_info *fsi = DEVPTS_SB(s);
379 s->s_iflags &= ~SB_I_NODEV;
380 s->s_blocksize = 1024;
381 s->s_blocksize_bits = 10;
382 s->s_magic = DEVPTS_SUPER_MAGIC;
383 s->s_op = &devpts_sops;
384 s->s_d_op = &simple_dentry_operations;
388 inode = new_inode(s);
392 simple_inode_init_ts(inode);
393 inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR | S_IRUGO | S_IXUGO | S_IWUSR;
394 inode->i_op = &simple_dir_inode_operations;
395 inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;
398 s->s_root = d_make_root(inode);
400 pr_err("get root dentry failed\n");
404 return mknod_ptmx(s, fc);
410 * Mount a new (private) instance of devpts. PTYs created in this
411 * instance are independent of the PTYs in other devpts instances.
413 static int devpts_get_tree(struct fs_context *fc)
415 return get_tree_nodev(fc, devpts_fill_super);
418 static void devpts_free_fc(struct fs_context *fc)
420 kfree(fc->s_fs_info);
423 static const struct fs_context_operations devpts_context_ops = {
424 .free = devpts_free_fc,
425 .parse_param = devpts_parse_param,
426 .get_tree = devpts_get_tree,
427 .reconfigure = devpts_reconfigure,
431 * Set up the filesystem mount context.
433 static int devpts_init_fs_context(struct fs_context *fc)
435 struct pts_fs_info *fsi;
437 fsi = kzalloc(sizeof(struct pts_fs_info), GFP_KERNEL);
441 ida_init(&fsi->allocated_ptys);
442 fsi->mount_opts.uid = GLOBAL_ROOT_UID;
443 fsi->mount_opts.gid = GLOBAL_ROOT_GID;
444 fsi->mount_opts.mode = DEVPTS_DEFAULT_MODE;
445 fsi->mount_opts.ptmxmode = DEVPTS_DEFAULT_PTMX_MODE;
446 fsi->mount_opts.max = NR_UNIX98_PTY_MAX;
448 if (fc->purpose == FS_CONTEXT_FOR_MOUNT &&
449 current->nsproxy->mnt_ns == init_task.nsproxy->mnt_ns)
450 fsi->mount_opts.reserve = true;
453 fc->ops = &devpts_context_ops;
457 static void devpts_kill_sb(struct super_block *sb)
459 struct pts_fs_info *fsi = DEVPTS_SB(sb);
462 ida_destroy(&fsi->allocated_ptys);
464 kill_litter_super(sb);
467 static struct file_system_type devpts_fs_type = {
469 .init_fs_context = devpts_init_fs_context,
470 .parameters = devpts_param_specs,
471 .kill_sb = devpts_kill_sb,
472 .fs_flags = FS_USERNS_MOUNT,
476 * The normal naming convention is simply /dev/pts/<number>; this conforms
477 * to the System V naming convention
480 int devpts_new_index(struct pts_fs_info *fsi)
484 if (atomic_inc_return(&pty_count) >= (pty_limit -
485 (fsi->mount_opts.reserve ? 0 : pty_reserve)))
488 index = ida_alloc_max(&fsi->allocated_ptys, fsi->mount_opts.max - 1,
493 atomic_dec(&pty_count);
497 void devpts_kill_index(struct pts_fs_info *fsi, int idx)
499 ida_free(&fsi->allocated_ptys, idx);
500 atomic_dec(&pty_count);
504 * devpts_pty_new -- create a new inode in /dev/pts/
505 * @fsi: Filesystem info for this instance.
506 * @index: used as a name of the node
507 * @priv: what's given back by devpts_get_priv
509 * The dentry for the created inode is returned.
510 * Remove it from /dev/pts/ with devpts_pty_kill().
512 struct dentry *devpts_pty_new(struct pts_fs_info *fsi, int index, void *priv)
514 struct dentry *dentry;
515 struct super_block *sb = fsi->sb;
518 struct pts_mount_opts *opts;
522 opts = &fsi->mount_opts;
524 inode = new_inode(sb);
526 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
528 inode->i_ino = index + 3;
529 inode->i_uid = opts->setuid ? opts->uid : current_fsuid();
530 inode->i_gid = opts->setgid ? opts->gid : current_fsgid();
531 simple_inode_init_ts(inode);
532 init_special_inode(inode, S_IFCHR|opts->mode, MKDEV(UNIX98_PTY_SLAVE_MAJOR, index));
534 sprintf(s, "%d", index);
536 dentry = d_alloc_name(root, s);
538 dentry->d_fsdata = priv;
539 d_add(dentry, inode);
540 fsnotify_create(d_inode(root), dentry);
543 dentry = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
550 * devpts_get_priv -- get private data for a slave
551 * @dentry: dentry of the slave
553 * Returns whatever was passed as priv in devpts_pty_new for a given inode.
555 void *devpts_get_priv(struct dentry *dentry)
557 if (dentry->d_sb->s_magic != DEVPTS_SUPER_MAGIC)
559 return dentry->d_fsdata;
563 * devpts_pty_kill -- remove inode form /dev/pts/
564 * @dentry: dentry of the slave to be removed
566 * This is an inverse operation of devpts_pty_new.
568 void devpts_pty_kill(struct dentry *dentry)
570 WARN_ON_ONCE(dentry->d_sb->s_magic != DEVPTS_SUPER_MAGIC);
572 dentry->d_fsdata = NULL;
573 drop_nlink(dentry->d_inode);
575 fsnotify_unlink(d_inode(dentry->d_parent), dentry);
576 dput(dentry); /* d_alloc_name() in devpts_pty_new() */
579 static int __init init_devpts_fs(void)
581 int err = register_filesystem(&devpts_fs_type);
583 register_sysctl("kernel/pty", pty_table);
587 module_init(init_devpts_fs)