1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
3 * Copyright (c) 2014, The Linux Foundation. All rights reserved.
4 * Debug helper to dump the current kernel pagetables of the system
5 * so that we can see what the various memory ranges are set to.
7 * Derived from x86 and arm implementation:
8 * (C) Copyright 2008 Intel Corporation
10 * Author: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
12 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
13 #include <linux/errno.h>
16 #include <linux/init.h>
18 #include <linux/ptdump.h>
19 #include <linux/sched.h>
20 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
22 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
23 #include <asm/kasan.h>
24 #include <asm/memory.h>
25 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
26 #include <asm/pgtable-hwdef.h>
27 #include <asm/ptdump.h>
30 enum address_markers_idx {
38 static struct addr_marker address_markers[] = {
39 { PAGE_OFFSET, "Linear Mapping start" },
40 { 0 /* PAGE_END */, "Linear Mapping end" },
42 { 0 /* KASAN_SHADOW_START */, "Kasan shadow start" },
43 { KASAN_SHADOW_END, "Kasan shadow end" },
45 { MODULES_VADDR, "Modules start" },
46 { MODULES_END, "Modules end" },
47 { VMALLOC_START, "vmalloc() area" },
48 { VMALLOC_END, "vmalloc() end" },
49 { FIXADDR_START, "Fixmap start" },
50 { FIXADDR_TOP, "Fixmap end" },
51 { PCI_IO_START, "PCI I/O start" },
52 { PCI_IO_END, "PCI I/O end" },
53 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
54 { VMEMMAP_START, "vmemmap start" },
55 { VMEMMAP_START + VMEMMAP_SIZE, "vmemmap end" },
60 #define pt_dump_seq_printf(m, fmt, args...) \
63 seq_printf(m, fmt, ##args); \
66 #define pt_dump_seq_puts(m, fmt) \
73 * The page dumper groups page table entries of the same type into a single
74 * description. It uses pg_state to track the range information while
75 * iterating over the pte entries. When the continuity is broken it then
76 * dumps out a description of the range.
79 struct ptdump_state ptdump;
81 const struct addr_marker *marker;
82 unsigned long start_address;
86 unsigned long wx_pages;
87 unsigned long uxn_pages;
97 static const struct prot_bits pte_bits[] = {
139 .mask = PTE_TABLE_BIT,
140 .val = PTE_TABLE_BIT,
149 .mask = PTE_ATTRINDX_MASK,
150 .val = PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_DEVICE_nGnRnE),
151 .set = "DEVICE/nGnRnE",
153 .mask = PTE_ATTRINDX_MASK,
154 .val = PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_DEVICE_nGnRE),
155 .set = "DEVICE/nGnRE",
157 .mask = PTE_ATTRINDX_MASK,
158 .val = PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_DEVICE_GRE),
161 .mask = PTE_ATTRINDX_MASK,
162 .val = PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_NORMAL_NC),
163 .set = "MEM/NORMAL-NC",
165 .mask = PTE_ATTRINDX_MASK,
166 .val = PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_NORMAL),
172 const struct prot_bits *bits;
178 static struct pg_level pg_level[] = {
182 .num = ARRAY_SIZE(pte_bits),
186 .num = ARRAY_SIZE(pte_bits),
188 .name = (CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS > 3) ? "PUD" : "PGD",
190 .num = ARRAY_SIZE(pte_bits),
192 .name = (CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS > 2) ? "PMD" : "PGD",
194 .num = ARRAY_SIZE(pte_bits),
198 .num = ARRAY_SIZE(pte_bits),
202 static void dump_prot(struct pg_state *st, const struct prot_bits *bits,
207 for (i = 0; i < num; i++, bits++) {
210 if ((st->current_prot & bits->mask) == bits->val)
216 pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, " %s", s);
220 static void note_prot_uxn(struct pg_state *st, unsigned long addr)
225 if ((st->current_prot & PTE_UXN) == PTE_UXN)
228 WARN_ONCE(1, "arm64/mm: Found non-UXN mapping at address %p/%pS\n",
229 (void *)st->start_address, (void *)st->start_address);
231 st->uxn_pages += (addr - st->start_address) / PAGE_SIZE;
234 static void note_prot_wx(struct pg_state *st, unsigned long addr)
238 if ((st->current_prot & PTE_RDONLY) == PTE_RDONLY)
240 if ((st->current_prot & PTE_PXN) == PTE_PXN)
243 WARN_ONCE(1, "arm64/mm: Found insecure W+X mapping at address %p/%pS\n",
244 (void *)st->start_address, (void *)st->start_address);
246 st->wx_pages += (addr - st->start_address) / PAGE_SIZE;
249 static void note_page(struct ptdump_state *pt_st, unsigned long addr, int level,
252 struct pg_state *st = container_of(pt_st, struct pg_state, ptdump);
253 static const char units[] = "KMGTPE";
257 prot = val & pg_level[level].mask;
259 if (st->level == -1) {
261 st->current_prot = prot;
262 st->start_address = addr;
263 pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, "---[ %s ]---\n", st->marker->name);
264 } else if (prot != st->current_prot || level != st->level ||
265 addr >= st->marker[1].start_address) {
266 const char *unit = units;
269 if (st->current_prot) {
270 note_prot_uxn(st, addr);
271 note_prot_wx(st, addr);
274 pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, "0x%016lx-0x%016lx ",
275 st->start_address, addr);
277 delta = (addr - st->start_address) >> 10;
278 while (!(delta & 1023) && unit[1]) {
282 pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, "%9lu%c %s", delta, *unit,
283 pg_level[st->level].name);
284 if (st->current_prot && pg_level[st->level].bits)
285 dump_prot(st, pg_level[st->level].bits,
286 pg_level[st->level].num);
287 pt_dump_seq_puts(st->seq, "\n");
289 if (addr >= st->marker[1].start_address) {
291 pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, "---[ %s ]---\n", st->marker->name);
294 st->start_address = addr;
295 st->current_prot = prot;
299 if (addr >= st->marker[1].start_address) {
301 pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, "---[ %s ]---\n", st->marker->name);
306 void ptdump_walk(struct seq_file *s, struct ptdump_info *info)
308 unsigned long end = ~0UL;
311 if (info->base_addr < TASK_SIZE_64)
314 st = (struct pg_state){
316 .marker = info->markers,
318 .note_page = note_page,
319 .range = (struct ptdump_range[]){
320 {info->base_addr, end},
326 ptdump_walk_pgd(&st.ptdump, info->mm);
329 static void ptdump_initialize(void)
333 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pg_level); i++)
334 if (pg_level[i].bits)
335 for (j = 0; j < pg_level[i].num; j++)
336 pg_level[i].mask |= pg_level[i].bits[j].mask;
339 static struct ptdump_info kernel_ptdump_info = {
341 .markers = address_markers,
342 .base_addr = PAGE_OFFSET,
345 void ptdump_check_wx(void)
347 struct pg_state st = {
349 .marker = (struct addr_marker[]) {
356 .note_page = note_page,
357 .range = (struct ptdump_range[]) {
364 ptdump_walk_pgd(&st.ptdump, &init_mm);
366 if (st.wx_pages || st.uxn_pages)
367 pr_warn("Checked W+X mappings: FAILED, %lu W+X pages found, %lu non-UXN pages found\n",
368 st.wx_pages, st.uxn_pages);
370 pr_info("Checked W+X mappings: passed, no W+X pages found\n");
373 static int ptdump_init(void)
375 address_markers[PAGE_END_NR].start_address = PAGE_END;
377 address_markers[KASAN_START_NR].start_address = KASAN_SHADOW_START;
380 ptdump_debugfs_register(&kernel_ptdump_info, "kernel_page_tables");
383 device_initcall(ptdump_init);