Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dtor/input
[linux-block.git] / mm / readahead.c
CommitLineData
1da177e4
LT
1/*
2 * mm/readahead.c - address_space-level file readahead.
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 2002, Linus Torvalds
5 *
e1f8e874 6 * 09Apr2002 Andrew Morton
1da177e4
LT
7 * Initial version.
8 */
9
10#include <linux/kernel.h>
11bd969f 11#include <linux/dax.h>
5a0e3ad6 12#include <linux/gfp.h>
b95f1b31 13#include <linux/export.h>
1da177e4
LT
14#include <linux/blkdev.h>
15#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
8bde37f0 16#include <linux/task_io_accounting_ops.h>
1da177e4 17#include <linux/pagevec.h>
f5ff8422 18#include <linux/pagemap.h>
782182e5
CW
19#include <linux/syscalls.h>
20#include <linux/file.h>
d72ee911 21#include <linux/mm_inline.h>
ca47e8c7 22#include <linux/blk-cgroup.h>
3d8f7615 23#include <linux/fadvise.h>
1da177e4 24
29f175d1
FF
25#include "internal.h"
26
1da177e4
LT
27/*
28 * Initialise a struct file's readahead state. Assumes that the caller has
29 * memset *ra to zero.
30 */
31void
32file_ra_state_init(struct file_ra_state *ra, struct address_space *mapping)
33{
de1414a6 34 ra->ra_pages = inode_to_bdi(mapping->host)->ra_pages;
f4e6b498 35 ra->prev_pos = -1;
1da177e4 36}
d41cc702 37EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(file_ra_state_init);
1da177e4 38
03fb3d2a
DH
39/*
40 * see if a page needs releasing upon read_cache_pages() failure
266cf658
DH
41 * - the caller of read_cache_pages() may have set PG_private or PG_fscache
42 * before calling, such as the NFS fs marking pages that are cached locally
43 * on disk, thus we need to give the fs a chance to clean up in the event of
44 * an error
03fb3d2a
DH
45 */
46static void read_cache_pages_invalidate_page(struct address_space *mapping,
47 struct page *page)
48{
266cf658 49 if (page_has_private(page)) {
03fb3d2a
DH
50 if (!trylock_page(page))
51 BUG();
52 page->mapping = mapping;
09cbfeaf 53 do_invalidatepage(page, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
03fb3d2a
DH
54 page->mapping = NULL;
55 unlock_page(page);
56 }
09cbfeaf 57 put_page(page);
03fb3d2a
DH
58}
59
60/*
61 * release a list of pages, invalidating them first if need be
62 */
63static void read_cache_pages_invalidate_pages(struct address_space *mapping,
64 struct list_head *pages)
65{
66 struct page *victim;
67
68 while (!list_empty(pages)) {
c8ad6302 69 victim = lru_to_page(pages);
03fb3d2a
DH
70 list_del(&victim->lru);
71 read_cache_pages_invalidate_page(mapping, victim);
72 }
73}
74
1da177e4 75/**
bd40cdda 76 * read_cache_pages - populate an address space with some pages & start reads against them
1da177e4
LT
77 * @mapping: the address_space
78 * @pages: The address of a list_head which contains the target pages. These
79 * pages have their ->index populated and are otherwise uninitialised.
80 * @filler: callback routine for filling a single page.
81 * @data: private data for the callback routine.
82 *
83 * Hides the details of the LRU cache etc from the filesystems.
a862f68a
MR
84 *
85 * Returns: %0 on success, error return by @filler otherwise
1da177e4
LT
86 */
87int read_cache_pages(struct address_space *mapping, struct list_head *pages,
88 int (*filler)(void *, struct page *), void *data)
89{
90 struct page *page;
1da177e4
LT
91 int ret = 0;
92
1da177e4 93 while (!list_empty(pages)) {
c8ad6302 94 page = lru_to_page(pages);
1da177e4 95 list_del(&page->lru);
063d99b4 96 if (add_to_page_cache_lru(page, mapping, page->index,
8a5c743e 97 readahead_gfp_mask(mapping))) {
03fb3d2a 98 read_cache_pages_invalidate_page(mapping, page);
1da177e4
LT
99 continue;
100 }
09cbfeaf 101 put_page(page);
eb2be189 102
1da177e4 103 ret = filler(data, page);
eb2be189 104 if (unlikely(ret)) {
03fb3d2a 105 read_cache_pages_invalidate_pages(mapping, pages);
1da177e4
LT
106 break;
107 }
09cbfeaf 108 task_io_account_read(PAGE_SIZE);
1da177e4 109 }
1da177e4
LT
110 return ret;
111}
112
113EXPORT_SYMBOL(read_cache_pages);
114
115static int read_pages(struct address_space *mapping, struct file *filp,
8a5c743e 116 struct list_head *pages, unsigned int nr_pages, gfp_t gfp)
1da177e4 117{
5b417b18 118 struct blk_plug plug;
1da177e4 119 unsigned page_idx;
994fc28c 120 int ret;
1da177e4 121
5b417b18
JA
122 blk_start_plug(&plug);
123
1da177e4
LT
124 if (mapping->a_ops->readpages) {
125 ret = mapping->a_ops->readpages(filp, mapping, pages, nr_pages);
029e332e
OH
126 /* Clean up the remaining pages */
127 put_pages_list(pages);
1da177e4
LT
128 goto out;
129 }
130
1da177e4 131 for (page_idx = 0; page_idx < nr_pages; page_idx++) {
c8ad6302 132 struct page *page = lru_to_page(pages);
1da177e4 133 list_del(&page->lru);
8a5c743e 134 if (!add_to_page_cache_lru(page, mapping, page->index, gfp))
9f1a3cfc 135 mapping->a_ops->readpage(filp, page);
09cbfeaf 136 put_page(page);
1da177e4 137 }
994fc28c 138 ret = 0;
5b417b18 139
1da177e4 140out:
5b417b18
JA
141 blk_finish_plug(&plug);
142
1da177e4
LT
143 return ret;
144}
145
1da177e4 146/*
b3751e6a
CH
147 * __do_page_cache_readahead() actually reads a chunk of disk. It allocates
148 * the pages first, then submits them for I/O. This avoids the very bad
1da177e4
LT
149 * behaviour which would occur if page allocations are causing VM writeback.
150 * We really don't want to intermingle reads and writes like that.
151 *
152 * Returns the number of pages requested, or the maximum amount of I/O allowed.
1da177e4 153 */
c534aa3f
CH
154unsigned int __do_page_cache_readahead(struct address_space *mapping,
155 struct file *filp, pgoff_t offset, unsigned long nr_to_read,
156 unsigned long lookahead_size)
1da177e4
LT
157{
158 struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
159 struct page *page;
160 unsigned long end_index; /* The last page we want to read */
161 LIST_HEAD(page_pool);
162 int page_idx;
c534aa3f 163 unsigned int nr_pages = 0;
1da177e4 164 loff_t isize = i_size_read(inode);
8a5c743e 165 gfp_t gfp_mask = readahead_gfp_mask(mapping);
1da177e4
LT
166
167 if (isize == 0)
168 goto out;
169
09cbfeaf 170 end_index = ((isize - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1da177e4
LT
171
172 /*
173 * Preallocate as many pages as we will need.
174 */
1da177e4 175 for (page_idx = 0; page_idx < nr_to_read; page_idx++) {
7361f4d8 176 pgoff_t page_offset = offset + page_idx;
c743d96b 177
1da177e4
LT
178 if (page_offset > end_index)
179 break;
180
560d454b 181 page = xa_load(&mapping->i_pages, page_offset);
3159f943 182 if (page && !xa_is_value(page)) {
b3751e6a
CH
183 /*
184 * Page already present? Kick off the current batch of
185 * contiguous pages before continuing with the next
186 * batch.
187 */
188 if (nr_pages)
189 read_pages(mapping, filp, &page_pool, nr_pages,
190 gfp_mask);
191 nr_pages = 0;
1da177e4 192 continue;
b3751e6a 193 }
1da177e4 194
8a5c743e 195 page = __page_cache_alloc(gfp_mask);
1da177e4
LT
196 if (!page)
197 break;
198 page->index = page_offset;
199 list_add(&page->lru, &page_pool);
46fc3e7b
FW
200 if (page_idx == nr_to_read - lookahead_size)
201 SetPageReadahead(page);
836978b3 202 nr_pages++;
1da177e4 203 }
1da177e4
LT
204
205 /*
206 * Now start the IO. We ignore I/O errors - if the page is not
207 * uptodate then the caller will launch readpage again, and
208 * will then handle the error.
209 */
836978b3
CH
210 if (nr_pages)
211 read_pages(mapping, filp, &page_pool, nr_pages, gfp_mask);
1da177e4
LT
212 BUG_ON(!list_empty(&page_pool));
213out:
836978b3 214 return nr_pages;
1da177e4
LT
215}
216
217/*
218 * Chunk the readahead into 2 megabyte units, so that we don't pin too much
219 * memory at once.
220 */
221int force_page_cache_readahead(struct address_space *mapping, struct file *filp,
9491ae4a 222 pgoff_t offset, unsigned long nr_to_read)
1da177e4 223{
9491ae4a
JA
224 struct backing_dev_info *bdi = inode_to_bdi(mapping->host);
225 struct file_ra_state *ra = &filp->f_ra;
226 unsigned long max_pages;
227
1da177e4
LT
228 if (unlikely(!mapping->a_ops->readpage && !mapping->a_ops->readpages))
229 return -EINVAL;
230
9491ae4a
JA
231 /*
232 * If the request exceeds the readahead window, allow the read to
233 * be up to the optimal hardware IO size
234 */
235 max_pages = max_t(unsigned long, bdi->io_pages, ra->ra_pages);
236 nr_to_read = min(nr_to_read, max_pages);
1da177e4 237 while (nr_to_read) {
09cbfeaf 238 unsigned long this_chunk = (2 * 1024 * 1024) / PAGE_SIZE;
1da177e4
LT
239
240 if (this_chunk > nr_to_read)
241 this_chunk = nr_to_read;
c534aa3f 242 __do_page_cache_readahead(mapping, filp, offset, this_chunk, 0);
58d5640e 243
1da177e4
LT
244 offset += this_chunk;
245 nr_to_read -= this_chunk;
246 }
58d5640e 247 return 0;
1da177e4
LT
248}
249
c743d96b
FW
250/*
251 * Set the initial window size, round to next power of 2 and square
252 * for small size, x 4 for medium, and x 2 for large
253 * for 128k (32 page) max ra
254 * 1-8 page = 32k initial, > 8 page = 128k initial
255 */
256static unsigned long get_init_ra_size(unsigned long size, unsigned long max)
257{
258 unsigned long newsize = roundup_pow_of_two(size);
259
260 if (newsize <= max / 32)
261 newsize = newsize * 4;
262 else if (newsize <= max / 4)
263 newsize = newsize * 2;
264 else
265 newsize = max;
266
267 return newsize;
268}
269
122a21d1
FW
270/*
271 * Get the previous window size, ramp it up, and
272 * return it as the new window size.
273 */
c743d96b 274static unsigned long get_next_ra_size(struct file_ra_state *ra,
20ff1c95 275 unsigned long max)
122a21d1 276{
f9acc8c7 277 unsigned long cur = ra->size;
122a21d1
FW
278
279 if (cur < max / 16)
20ff1c95
GX
280 return 4 * cur;
281 if (cur <= max / 2)
282 return 2 * cur;
283 return max;
122a21d1
FW
284}
285
286/*
287 * On-demand readahead design.
288 *
289 * The fields in struct file_ra_state represent the most-recently-executed
290 * readahead attempt:
291 *
f9acc8c7
FW
292 * |<----- async_size ---------|
293 * |------------------- size -------------------->|
294 * |==================#===========================|
295 * ^start ^page marked with PG_readahead
122a21d1
FW
296 *
297 * To overlap application thinking time and disk I/O time, we do
298 * `readahead pipelining': Do not wait until the application consumed all
299 * readahead pages and stalled on the missing page at readahead_index;
f9acc8c7
FW
300 * Instead, submit an asynchronous readahead I/O as soon as there are
301 * only async_size pages left in the readahead window. Normally async_size
302 * will be equal to size, for maximum pipelining.
122a21d1
FW
303 *
304 * In interleaved sequential reads, concurrent streams on the same fd can
305 * be invalidating each other's readahead state. So we flag the new readahead
f9acc8c7 306 * page at (start+size-async_size) with PG_readahead, and use it as readahead
122a21d1
FW
307 * indicator. The flag won't be set on already cached pages, to avoid the
308 * readahead-for-nothing fuss, saving pointless page cache lookups.
309 *
f4e6b498 310 * prev_pos tracks the last visited byte in the _previous_ read request.
122a21d1
FW
311 * It should be maintained by the caller, and will be used for detecting
312 * small random reads. Note that the readahead algorithm checks loosely
313 * for sequential patterns. Hence interleaved reads might be served as
314 * sequential ones.
315 *
316 * There is a special-case: if the first page which the application tries to
317 * read happens to be the first page of the file, it is assumed that a linear
318 * read is about to happen and the window is immediately set to the initial size
319 * based on I/O request size and the max_readahead.
320 *
321 * The code ramps up the readahead size aggressively at first, but slow down as
322 * it approaches max_readhead.
323 */
324
10be0b37
WF
325/*
326 * Count contiguously cached pages from @offset-1 to @offset-@max,
327 * this count is a conservative estimation of
328 * - length of the sequential read sequence, or
329 * - thrashing threshold in memory tight systems
330 */
331static pgoff_t count_history_pages(struct address_space *mapping,
10be0b37
WF
332 pgoff_t offset, unsigned long max)
333{
334 pgoff_t head;
335
336 rcu_read_lock();
0d3f9296 337 head = page_cache_prev_miss(mapping, offset - 1, max);
10be0b37
WF
338 rcu_read_unlock();
339
340 return offset - 1 - head;
341}
342
343/*
344 * page cache context based read-ahead
345 */
346static int try_context_readahead(struct address_space *mapping,
347 struct file_ra_state *ra,
348 pgoff_t offset,
349 unsigned long req_size,
350 unsigned long max)
351{
352 pgoff_t size;
353
3e2faa08 354 size = count_history_pages(mapping, offset, max);
10be0b37
WF
355
356 /*
2cad4018 357 * not enough history pages:
10be0b37
WF
358 * it could be a random read
359 */
2cad4018 360 if (size <= req_size)
10be0b37
WF
361 return 0;
362
363 /*
364 * starts from beginning of file:
365 * it is a strong indication of long-run stream (or whole-file-read)
366 */
367 if (size >= offset)
368 size *= 2;
369
370 ra->start = offset;
2cad4018
FW
371 ra->size = min(size + req_size, max);
372 ra->async_size = 1;
10be0b37
WF
373
374 return 1;
375}
376
122a21d1
FW
377/*
378 * A minimal readahead algorithm for trivial sequential/random reads.
379 */
380static unsigned long
381ondemand_readahead(struct address_space *mapping,
382 struct file_ra_state *ra, struct file *filp,
cf914a7d 383 bool hit_readahead_marker, pgoff_t offset,
122a21d1
FW
384 unsigned long req_size)
385{
9491ae4a
JA
386 struct backing_dev_info *bdi = inode_to_bdi(mapping->host);
387 unsigned long max_pages = ra->ra_pages;
dc30b96a 388 unsigned long add_pages;
af248a0c 389 pgoff_t prev_offset;
045a2529 390
9491ae4a
JA
391 /*
392 * If the request exceeds the readahead window, allow the read to
393 * be up to the optimal hardware IO size
394 */
395 if (req_size > max_pages && bdi->io_pages > max_pages)
396 max_pages = min(req_size, bdi->io_pages);
397
045a2529
WF
398 /*
399 * start of file
400 */
401 if (!offset)
402 goto initial_readahead;
122a21d1
FW
403
404 /*
f9acc8c7 405 * It's the expected callback offset, assume sequential access.
122a21d1
FW
406 * Ramp up sizes, and push forward the readahead window.
407 */
045a2529
WF
408 if ((offset == (ra->start + ra->size - ra->async_size) ||
409 offset == (ra->start + ra->size))) {
f9acc8c7 410 ra->start += ra->size;
9491ae4a 411 ra->size = get_next_ra_size(ra, max_pages);
f9acc8c7
FW
412 ra->async_size = ra->size;
413 goto readit;
122a21d1
FW
414 }
415
6b10c6c9
FW
416 /*
417 * Hit a marked page without valid readahead state.
418 * E.g. interleaved reads.
419 * Query the pagecache for async_size, which normally equals to
420 * readahead size. Ramp it up and use it as the new readahead size.
421 */
422 if (hit_readahead_marker) {
423 pgoff_t start;
424
30002ed2 425 rcu_read_lock();
0d3f9296 426 start = page_cache_next_miss(mapping, offset + 1, max_pages);
30002ed2 427 rcu_read_unlock();
6b10c6c9 428
9491ae4a 429 if (!start || start - offset > max_pages)
6b10c6c9
FW
430 return 0;
431
432 ra->start = start;
433 ra->size = start - offset; /* old async_size */
160334a0 434 ra->size += req_size;
9491ae4a 435 ra->size = get_next_ra_size(ra, max_pages);
6b10c6c9
FW
436 ra->async_size = ra->size;
437 goto readit;
438 }
439
122a21d1 440 /*
045a2529 441 * oversize read
122a21d1 442 */
9491ae4a 443 if (req_size > max_pages)
045a2529
WF
444 goto initial_readahead;
445
446 /*
447 * sequential cache miss
af248a0c
DR
448 * trivial case: (offset - prev_offset) == 1
449 * unaligned reads: (offset - prev_offset) == 0
045a2529 450 */
09cbfeaf 451 prev_offset = (unsigned long long)ra->prev_pos >> PAGE_SHIFT;
af248a0c 452 if (offset - prev_offset <= 1UL)
045a2529
WF
453 goto initial_readahead;
454
10be0b37
WF
455 /*
456 * Query the page cache and look for the traces(cached history pages)
457 * that a sequential stream would leave behind.
458 */
9491ae4a 459 if (try_context_readahead(mapping, ra, offset, req_size, max_pages))
10be0b37
WF
460 goto readit;
461
045a2529
WF
462 /*
463 * standalone, small random read
464 * Read as is, and do not pollute the readahead state.
465 */
466 return __do_page_cache_readahead(mapping, filp, offset, req_size, 0);
467
468initial_readahead:
f9acc8c7 469 ra->start = offset;
9491ae4a 470 ra->size = get_init_ra_size(req_size, max_pages);
f9acc8c7 471 ra->async_size = ra->size > req_size ? ra->size - req_size : ra->size;
122a21d1 472
f9acc8c7 473readit:
51daa88e
WF
474 /*
475 * Will this read hit the readahead marker made by itself?
476 * If so, trigger the readahead marker hit now, and merge
477 * the resulted next readahead window into the current one.
dc30b96a 478 * Take care of maximum IO pages as above.
51daa88e
WF
479 */
480 if (offset == ra->start && ra->size == ra->async_size) {
dc30b96a
MS
481 add_pages = get_next_ra_size(ra, max_pages);
482 if (ra->size + add_pages <= max_pages) {
483 ra->async_size = add_pages;
484 ra->size += add_pages;
485 } else {
486 ra->size = max_pages;
487 ra->async_size = max_pages >> 1;
488 }
51daa88e
WF
489 }
490
122a21d1
FW
491 return ra_submit(ra, mapping, filp);
492}
493
494/**
cf914a7d 495 * page_cache_sync_readahead - generic file readahead
122a21d1
FW
496 * @mapping: address_space which holds the pagecache and I/O vectors
497 * @ra: file_ra_state which holds the readahead state
498 * @filp: passed on to ->readpage() and ->readpages()
cf914a7d 499 * @offset: start offset into @mapping, in pagecache page-sized units
122a21d1 500 * @req_size: hint: total size of the read which the caller is performing in
cf914a7d 501 * pagecache pages
122a21d1 502 *
cf914a7d
RR
503 * page_cache_sync_readahead() should be called when a cache miss happened:
504 * it will submit the read. The readahead logic may decide to piggyback more
505 * pages onto the read request if access patterns suggest it will improve
506 * performance.
122a21d1 507 */
cf914a7d
RR
508void page_cache_sync_readahead(struct address_space *mapping,
509 struct file_ra_state *ra, struct file *filp,
510 pgoff_t offset, unsigned long req_size)
122a21d1
FW
511{
512 /* no read-ahead */
513 if (!ra->ra_pages)
cf914a7d
RR
514 return;
515
ca47e8c7
JB
516 if (blk_cgroup_congested())
517 return;
518
0141450f 519 /* be dumb */
70655c06 520 if (filp && (filp->f_mode & FMODE_RANDOM)) {
0141450f
WF
521 force_page_cache_readahead(mapping, filp, offset, req_size);
522 return;
523 }
524
cf914a7d
RR
525 /* do read-ahead */
526 ondemand_readahead(mapping, ra, filp, false, offset, req_size);
527}
528EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(page_cache_sync_readahead);
529
530/**
531 * page_cache_async_readahead - file readahead for marked pages
532 * @mapping: address_space which holds the pagecache and I/O vectors
533 * @ra: file_ra_state which holds the readahead state
534 * @filp: passed on to ->readpage() and ->readpages()
535 * @page: the page at @offset which has the PG_readahead flag set
536 * @offset: start offset into @mapping, in pagecache page-sized units
537 * @req_size: hint: total size of the read which the caller is performing in
538 * pagecache pages
539 *
bf8abe8b 540 * page_cache_async_readahead() should be called when a page is used which
f7850d93 541 * has the PG_readahead flag; this is a marker to suggest that the application
cf914a7d 542 * has used up enough of the readahead window that we should start pulling in
f7850d93
RD
543 * more pages.
544 */
cf914a7d
RR
545void
546page_cache_async_readahead(struct address_space *mapping,
547 struct file_ra_state *ra, struct file *filp,
548 struct page *page, pgoff_t offset,
549 unsigned long req_size)
550{
551 /* no read-ahead */
552 if (!ra->ra_pages)
553 return;
554
555 /*
556 * Same bit is used for PG_readahead and PG_reclaim.
557 */
558 if (PageWriteback(page))
559 return;
560
561 ClearPageReadahead(page);
562
563 /*
564 * Defer asynchronous read-ahead on IO congestion.
565 */
703c2708 566 if (inode_read_congested(mapping->host))
cf914a7d 567 return;
122a21d1 568
ca47e8c7
JB
569 if (blk_cgroup_congested())
570 return;
571
122a21d1 572 /* do read-ahead */
cf914a7d 573 ondemand_readahead(mapping, ra, filp, true, offset, req_size);
122a21d1 574}
cf914a7d 575EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(page_cache_async_readahead);
782182e5 576
c7b95d51 577ssize_t ksys_readahead(int fd, loff_t offset, size_t count)
782182e5
CW
578{
579 ssize_t ret;
2903ff01 580 struct fd f;
782182e5
CW
581
582 ret = -EBADF;
2903ff01 583 f = fdget(fd);
3d8f7615
AG
584 if (!f.file || !(f.file->f_mode & FMODE_READ))
585 goto out;
586
587 /*
588 * The readahead() syscall is intended to run only on files
589 * that can execute readahead. If readahead is not possible
590 * on this file, then we must return -EINVAL.
591 */
592 ret = -EINVAL;
593 if (!f.file->f_mapping || !f.file->f_mapping->a_ops ||
594 !S_ISREG(file_inode(f.file)->i_mode))
595 goto out;
596
597 ret = vfs_fadvise(f.file, offset, count, POSIX_FADV_WILLNEED);
598out:
599 fdput(f);
782182e5
CW
600 return ret;
601}
c7b95d51
DB
602
603SYSCALL_DEFINE3(readahead, int, fd, loff_t, offset, size_t, count)
604{
605 return ksys_readahead(fd, offset, count);
606}