Commit | Line | Data |
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1da177e4 LT |
1 | /* |
2 | * linux/arch/x86_64/kernel/head.S -- start in 32bit and switch to 64bit | |
3 | * | |
4 | * Copyright (C) 2000 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> SuSE | |
5 | * Copyright (C) 2000 Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz> | |
6 | * Copyright (C) 2000 Karsten Keil <kkeil@suse.de> | |
7 | * Copyright (C) 2001,2002 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> | |
1ab60e0f | 8 | * Copyright (C) 2005 Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> |
1da177e4 LT |
9 | */ |
10 | ||
11 | ||
12 | #include <linux/linkage.h> | |
13 | #include <linux/threads.h> | |
f6c2e333 | 14 | #include <linux/init.h> |
1da177e4 | 15 | #include <asm/segment.h> |
67dcbb6b | 16 | #include <asm/pgtable.h> |
1da177e4 LT |
17 | #include <asm/page.h> |
18 | #include <asm/msr.h> | |
19 | #include <asm/cache.h> | |
369101da | 20 | #include <asm/processor-flags.h> |
b12d8db8 | 21 | #include <asm/percpu.h> |
1ab60e0f | 22 | |
49a69787 GOC |
23 | #ifdef CONFIG_PARAVIRT |
24 | #include <asm/asm-offsets.h> | |
25 | #include <asm/paravirt.h> | |
26 | #else | |
27 | #define GET_CR2_INTO_RCX movq %cr2, %rcx | |
28 | #endif | |
29 | ||
3ad2f3fb | 30 | /* we are not able to switch in one step to the final KERNEL ADDRESS SPACE |
1ab60e0f VG |
31 | * because we need identity-mapped pages. |
32 | * | |
1da177e4 LT |
33 | */ |
34 | ||
a6523748 EH |
35 | #define pud_index(x) (((x) >> PUD_SHIFT) & (PTRS_PER_PUD-1)) |
36 | ||
37 | L4_PAGE_OFFSET = pgd_index(__PAGE_OFFSET) | |
38 | L3_PAGE_OFFSET = pud_index(__PAGE_OFFSET) | |
39 | L4_START_KERNEL = pgd_index(__START_KERNEL_map) | |
40 | L3_START_KERNEL = pud_index(__START_KERNEL_map) | |
41 | ||
1da177e4 | 42 | .text |
4ae59b91 | 43 | __HEAD |
1ab60e0f VG |
44 | .code64 |
45 | .globl startup_64 | |
46 | startup_64: | |
47 | ||
1da177e4 | 48 | /* |
1ab60e0f VG |
49 | * At this point the CPU runs in 64bit mode CS.L = 1 CS.D = 1, |
50 | * and someone has loaded an identity mapped page table | |
51 | * for us. These identity mapped page tables map all of the | |
52 | * kernel pages and possibly all of memory. | |
53 | * | |
54 | * %esi holds a physical pointer to real_mode_data. | |
55 | * | |
56 | * We come here either directly from a 64bit bootloader, or from | |
57 | * arch/x86_64/boot/compressed/head.S. | |
58 | * | |
59 | * We only come here initially at boot nothing else comes here. | |
60 | * | |
61 | * Since we may be loaded at an address different from what we were | |
62 | * compiled to run at we first fixup the physical addresses in our page | |
63 | * tables and then reload them. | |
1da177e4 LT |
64 | */ |
65 | ||
1ab60e0f VG |
66 | /* Compute the delta between the address I am compiled to run at and the |
67 | * address I am actually running at. | |
1da177e4 | 68 | */ |
1ab60e0f VG |
69 | leaq _text(%rip), %rbp |
70 | subq $_text - __START_KERNEL_map, %rbp | |
71 | ||
72 | /* Is the address not 2M aligned? */ | |
73 | movq %rbp, %rax | |
31422c51 | 74 | andl $~PMD_PAGE_MASK, %eax |
1ab60e0f VG |
75 | testl %eax, %eax |
76 | jnz bad_address | |
77 | ||
78 | /* Is the address too large? */ | |
79 | leaq _text(%rip), %rdx | |
80 | movq $PGDIR_SIZE, %rax | |
81 | cmpq %rax, %rdx | |
82 | jae bad_address | |
83 | ||
84 | /* Fixup the physical addresses in the page table | |
1da177e4 | 85 | */ |
1ab60e0f | 86 | addq %rbp, init_level4_pgt + 0(%rip) |
a6523748 EH |
87 | addq %rbp, init_level4_pgt + (L4_PAGE_OFFSET*8)(%rip) |
88 | addq %rbp, init_level4_pgt + (L4_START_KERNEL*8)(%rip) | |
1ab60e0f VG |
89 | |
90 | addq %rbp, level3_ident_pgt + 0(%rip) | |
b1c931e3 | 91 | |
1ab60e0f | 92 | addq %rbp, level3_kernel_pgt + (510*8)(%rip) |
b1c931e3 EB |
93 | addq %rbp, level3_kernel_pgt + (511*8)(%rip) |
94 | ||
95 | addq %rbp, level2_fixmap_pgt + (506*8)(%rip) | |
1ab60e0f VG |
96 | |
97 | /* Add an Identity mapping if I am above 1G */ | |
98 | leaq _text(%rip), %rdi | |
31422c51 | 99 | andq $PMD_PAGE_MASK, %rdi |
1ab60e0f VG |
100 | |
101 | movq %rdi, %rax | |
102 | shrq $PUD_SHIFT, %rax | |
103 | andq $(PTRS_PER_PUD - 1), %rax | |
104 | jz ident_complete | |
105 | ||
106 | leaq (level2_spare_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE)(%rbp), %rdx | |
107 | leaq level3_ident_pgt(%rip), %rbx | |
108 | movq %rdx, 0(%rbx, %rax, 8) | |
109 | ||
110 | movq %rdi, %rax | |
111 | shrq $PMD_SHIFT, %rax | |
112 | andq $(PTRS_PER_PMD - 1), %rax | |
b2bc2731 | 113 | leaq __PAGE_KERNEL_IDENT_LARGE_EXEC(%rdi), %rdx |
1ab60e0f VG |
114 | leaq level2_spare_pgt(%rip), %rbx |
115 | movq %rdx, 0(%rbx, %rax, 8) | |
116 | ident_complete: | |
117 | ||
31eedd82 TG |
118 | /* |
119 | * Fixup the kernel text+data virtual addresses. Note that | |
120 | * we might write invalid pmds, when the kernel is relocated | |
121 | * cleanup_highmap() fixes this up along with the mappings | |
122 | * beyond _end. | |
1ab60e0f | 123 | */ |
31eedd82 | 124 | |
1ab60e0f VG |
125 | leaq level2_kernel_pgt(%rip), %rdi |
126 | leaq 4096(%rdi), %r8 | |
127 | /* See if it is a valid page table entry */ | |
128 | 1: testq $1, 0(%rdi) | |
129 | jz 2f | |
130 | addq %rbp, 0(%rdi) | |
131 | /* Go to the next page */ | |
132 | 2: addq $8, %rdi | |
133 | cmp %r8, %rdi | |
134 | jne 1b | |
135 | ||
136 | /* Fixup phys_base */ | |
137 | addq %rbp, phys_base(%rip) | |
1da177e4 | 138 | |
4822b7fc | 139 | /* Fixup trampoline */ |
1ab60e0f VG |
140 | addq %rbp, trampoline_level4_pgt + 0(%rip) |
141 | addq %rbp, trampoline_level4_pgt + (511*8)(%rip) | |
1da177e4 | 142 | |
1ab60e0f VG |
143 | /* Due to ENTRY(), sometimes the empty space gets filled with |
144 | * zeros. Better take a jmp than relying on empty space being | |
145 | * filled with 0x90 (nop) | |
1da177e4 | 146 | */ |
1ab60e0f | 147 | jmp secondary_startup_64 |
90b1c208 | 148 | ENTRY(secondary_startup_64) |
1ab60e0f VG |
149 | /* |
150 | * At this point the CPU runs in 64bit mode CS.L = 1 CS.D = 1, | |
151 | * and someone has loaded a mapped page table. | |
152 | * | |
153 | * %esi holds a physical pointer to real_mode_data. | |
154 | * | |
155 | * We come here either from startup_64 (using physical addresses) | |
156 | * or from trampoline.S (using virtual addresses). | |
157 | * | |
158 | * Using virtual addresses from trampoline.S removes the need | |
159 | * to have any identity mapped pages in the kernel page table | |
160 | * after the boot processor executes this code. | |
1da177e4 LT |
161 | */ |
162 | ||
163 | /* Enable PAE mode and PGE */ | |
05139d8f | 164 | movl $(X86_CR4_PAE | X86_CR4_PGE), %eax |
1da177e4 LT |
165 | movq %rax, %cr4 |
166 | ||
167 | /* Setup early boot stage 4 level pagetables. */ | |
cfd243d4 | 168 | movq $(init_level4_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map), %rax |
1ab60e0f | 169 | addq phys_base(%rip), %rax |
1da177e4 LT |
170 | movq %rax, %cr3 |
171 | ||
1ab60e0f VG |
172 | /* Ensure I am executing from virtual addresses */ |
173 | movq $1f, %rax | |
174 | jmp *%rax | |
175 | 1: | |
176 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
177 | /* Check if nx is implemented */ |
178 | movl $0x80000001, %eax | |
179 | cpuid | |
180 | movl %edx,%edi | |
181 | ||
182 | /* Setup EFER (Extended Feature Enable Register) */ | |
183 | movl $MSR_EFER, %ecx | |
184 | rdmsr | |
1ab60e0f VG |
185 | btsl $_EFER_SCE, %eax /* Enable System Call */ |
186 | btl $20,%edi /* No Execute supported? */ | |
1da177e4 LT |
187 | jnc 1f |
188 | btsl $_EFER_NX, %eax | |
1ab60e0f | 189 | 1: wrmsr /* Make changes effective */ |
1da177e4 LT |
190 | |
191 | /* Setup cr0 */ | |
369101da CG |
192 | #define CR0_STATE (X86_CR0_PE | X86_CR0_MP | X86_CR0_ET | \ |
193 | X86_CR0_NE | X86_CR0_WP | X86_CR0_AM | \ | |
194 | X86_CR0_PG) | |
195 | movl $CR0_STATE, %eax | |
1da177e4 LT |
196 | /* Make changes effective */ |
197 | movq %rax, %cr0 | |
198 | ||
199 | /* Setup a boot time stack */ | |
9cf4f298 | 200 | movq stack_start(%rip),%rsp |
1da177e4 LT |
201 | |
202 | /* zero EFLAGS after setting rsp */ | |
203 | pushq $0 | |
204 | popfq | |
205 | ||
206 | /* | |
207 | * We must switch to a new descriptor in kernel space for the GDT | |
208 | * because soon the kernel won't have access anymore to the userspace | |
209 | * addresses where we're currently running on. We have to do that here | |
210 | * because in 32bit we couldn't load a 64bit linear address. | |
211 | */ | |
a939098a | 212 | lgdt early_gdt_descr(%rip) |
1da177e4 | 213 | |
8ec6993d BG |
214 | /* set up data segments */ |
215 | xorl %eax,%eax | |
ffb60175 ZA |
216 | movl %eax,%ds |
217 | movl %eax,%ss | |
218 | movl %eax,%es | |
219 | ||
220 | /* | |
221 | * We don't really need to load %fs or %gs, but load them anyway | |
222 | * to kill any stale realmode selectors. This allows execution | |
223 | * under VT hardware. | |
224 | */ | |
225 | movl %eax,%fs | |
226 | movl %eax,%gs | |
227 | ||
f32ff538 TH |
228 | /* Set up %gs. |
229 | * | |
947e76cd BG |
230 | * The base of %gs always points to the bottom of the irqstack |
231 | * union. If the stack protector canary is enabled, it is | |
232 | * located at %gs:40. Note that, on SMP, the boot cpu uses | |
233 | * init data section till per cpu areas are set up. | |
f32ff538 | 234 | */ |
1da177e4 | 235 | movl $MSR_GS_BASE,%ecx |
650fb439 BG |
236 | movl initial_gs(%rip),%eax |
237 | movl initial_gs+4(%rip),%edx | |
1da177e4 LT |
238 | wrmsr |
239 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
240 | /* esi is pointer to real mode structure with interesting info. |
241 | pass it to C */ | |
242 | movl %esi, %edi | |
243 | ||
244 | /* Finally jump to run C code and to be on real kernel address | |
245 | * Since we are running on identity-mapped space we have to jump | |
26374c7b EB |
246 | * to the full 64bit address, this is only possible as indirect |
247 | * jump. In addition we need to ensure %cs is set so we make this | |
248 | * a far return. | |
1da177e4 LT |
249 | */ |
250 | movq initial_code(%rip),%rax | |
26374c7b EB |
251 | pushq $0 # fake return address to stop unwinder |
252 | pushq $__KERNEL_CS # set correct cs | |
253 | pushq %rax # target address in negative space | |
254 | lretq | |
1da177e4 | 255 | |
e57113bc | 256 | /* SMP bootup changes these two */ |
da5968ae | 257 | __REFDATA |
e57113bc | 258 | .align 8 |
f1fbabb3 | 259 | ENTRY(initial_code) |
1da177e4 | 260 | .quad x86_64_start_kernel |
f32ff538 | 261 | ENTRY(initial_gs) |
2add8e23 | 262 | .quad INIT_PER_CPU_VAR(irq_stack_union) |
f1fbabb3 | 263 | |
9cf4f298 | 264 | ENTRY(stack_start) |
1da177e4 | 265 | .quad init_thread_union+THREAD_SIZE-8 |
9cf4f298 | 266 | .word 0 |
b9af7c0d | 267 | __FINITDATA |
1da177e4 | 268 | |
1ab60e0f VG |
269 | bad_address: |
270 | jmp bad_address | |
271 | ||
41bd4eac | 272 | .section ".init.text","ax" |
076f9776 | 273 | #ifdef CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK |
8866cd9d RM |
274 | .globl early_idt_handlers |
275 | early_idt_handlers: | |
749c970a AK |
276 | i = 0 |
277 | .rept NUM_EXCEPTION_VECTORS | |
278 | movl $i, %esi | |
279 | jmp early_idt_handler | |
280 | i = i + 1 | |
281 | .endr | |
076f9776 | 282 | #endif |
8866cd9d | 283 | |
1da177e4 | 284 | ENTRY(early_idt_handler) |
076f9776 | 285 | #ifdef CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK |
b957591f AK |
286 | cmpl $2,early_recursion_flag(%rip) |
287 | jz 1f | |
288 | incl early_recursion_flag(%rip) | |
49a69787 | 289 | GET_CR2_INTO_RCX |
8866cd9d RM |
290 | movq %rcx,%r9 |
291 | xorl %r8d,%r8d # zero for error code | |
292 | movl %esi,%ecx # get vector number | |
293 | # Test %ecx against mask of vectors that push error code. | |
294 | cmpl $31,%ecx | |
295 | ja 0f | |
296 | movl $1,%eax | |
297 | salq %cl,%rax | |
298 | testl $0x27d00,%eax | |
299 | je 0f | |
300 | popq %r8 # get error code | |
301 | 0: movq 0(%rsp),%rcx # get ip | |
302 | movq 8(%rsp),%rdx # get cs | |
303 | xorl %eax,%eax | |
1da177e4 LT |
304 | leaq early_idt_msg(%rip),%rdi |
305 | call early_printk | |
b957591f AK |
306 | cmpl $2,early_recursion_flag(%rip) |
307 | jz 1f | |
308 | call dump_stack | |
6574ffd7 AK |
309 | #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS |
310 | leaq early_idt_ripmsg(%rip),%rdi | |
7aed55d1 | 311 | movq 0(%rsp),%rsi # get rip again |
6574ffd7 AK |
312 | call __print_symbol |
313 | #endif | |
076f9776 | 314 | #endif /* EARLY_PRINTK */ |
1da177e4 LT |
315 | 1: hlt |
316 | jmp 1b | |
076f9776 IM |
317 | |
318 | #ifdef CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK | |
b957591f AK |
319 | early_recursion_flag: |
320 | .long 0 | |
1da177e4 LT |
321 | |
322 | early_idt_msg: | |
8866cd9d | 323 | .asciz "PANIC: early exception %02lx rip %lx:%lx error %lx cr2 %lx\n" |
6574ffd7 AK |
324 | early_idt_ripmsg: |
325 | .asciz "RIP %s\n" | |
076f9776 | 326 | #endif /* CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK */ |
41bd4eac | 327 | .previous |
1da177e4 | 328 | |
f0cf5d1a | 329 | #define NEXT_PAGE(name) \ |
67dcbb6b | 330 | .balign PAGE_SIZE; \ |
f0cf5d1a JB |
331 | ENTRY(name) |
332 | ||
67dcbb6b | 333 | /* Automate the creation of 1 to 1 mapping pmd entries */ |
0e192b99 CG |
334 | #define PMDS(START, PERM, COUNT) \ |
335 | i = 0 ; \ | |
336 | .rept (COUNT) ; \ | |
337 | .quad (START) + (i << PMD_SHIFT) + (PERM) ; \ | |
338 | i = i + 1 ; \ | |
67dcbb6b VG |
339 | .endr |
340 | ||
b9af7c0d | 341 | .data |
cfd243d4 VG |
342 | /* |
343 | * This default setting generates an ident mapping at address 0x100000 | |
344 | * and a mapping for the kernel that precisely maps virtual address | |
345 | * 0xffffffff80000000 to physical address 0x000000. (always using | |
346 | * 2Mbyte large pages provided by PAE mode) | |
347 | */ | |
f0cf5d1a | 348 | NEXT_PAGE(init_level4_pgt) |
cfd243d4 | 349 | .quad level3_ident_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE |
a6523748 | 350 | .org init_level4_pgt + L4_PAGE_OFFSET*8, 0 |
cfd243d4 | 351 | .quad level3_ident_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE |
a6523748 | 352 | .org init_level4_pgt + L4_START_KERNEL*8, 0 |
cfd243d4 VG |
353 | /* (2^48-(2*1024*1024*1024))/(2^39) = 511 */ |
354 | .quad level3_kernel_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _PAGE_TABLE | |
1da177e4 | 355 | |
f0cf5d1a | 356 | NEXT_PAGE(level3_ident_pgt) |
67dcbb6b | 357 | .quad level2_ident_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE |
1da177e4 LT |
358 | .fill 511,8,0 |
359 | ||
f0cf5d1a | 360 | NEXT_PAGE(level3_kernel_pgt) |
a6523748 | 361 | .fill L3_START_KERNEL,8,0 |
1da177e4 | 362 | /* (2^48-(2*1024*1024*1024)-((2^39)*511))/(2^30) = 510 */ |
67dcbb6b | 363 | .quad level2_kernel_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE |
b1c931e3 EB |
364 | .quad level2_fixmap_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _PAGE_TABLE |
365 | ||
366 | NEXT_PAGE(level2_fixmap_pgt) | |
6596f242 IM |
367 | .fill 506,8,0 |
368 | .quad level1_fixmap_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _PAGE_TABLE | |
369 | /* 8MB reserved for vsyscalls + a 2MB hole = 4 + 1 entries */ | |
370 | .fill 5,8,0 | |
371 | ||
372 | NEXT_PAGE(level1_fixmap_pgt) | |
b1c931e3 | 373 | .fill 512,8,0 |
1da177e4 | 374 | |
f0cf5d1a | 375 | NEXT_PAGE(level2_ident_pgt) |
67dcbb6b VG |
376 | /* Since I easily can, map the first 1G. |
377 | * Don't set NX because code runs from these pages. | |
378 | */ | |
b2bc2731 | 379 | PMDS(0, __PAGE_KERNEL_IDENT_LARGE_EXEC, PTRS_PER_PMD) |
1ab60e0f | 380 | |
f0cf5d1a | 381 | NEXT_PAGE(level2_kernel_pgt) |
88f3aec7 | 382 | /* |
85eb69a1 | 383 | * 512 MB kernel mapping. We spend a full page on this pagetable |
88f3aec7 IM |
384 | * anyway. |
385 | * | |
386 | * The kernel code+data+bss must not be bigger than that. | |
387 | * | |
85eb69a1 | 388 | * (NOTE: at +512MB starts the module area, see MODULES_VADDR. |
88f3aec7 IM |
389 | * If you want to increase this then increase MODULES_VADDR |
390 | * too.) | |
391 | */ | |
8490638c | 392 | PMDS(0, __PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_EXEC, |
d4afe414 | 393 | KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE/PMD_SIZE) |
1da177e4 | 394 | |
1ab60e0f | 395 | NEXT_PAGE(level2_spare_pgt) |
88f3aec7 | 396 | .fill 512, 8, 0 |
1ab60e0f | 397 | |
67dcbb6b | 398 | #undef PMDS |
f0cf5d1a | 399 | #undef NEXT_PAGE |
1da177e4 | 400 | |
f0cf5d1a | 401 | .data |
1da177e4 | 402 | .align 16 |
a939098a GC |
403 | .globl early_gdt_descr |
404 | early_gdt_descr: | |
405 | .word GDT_ENTRIES*8-1 | |
3e5d8f97 | 406 | early_gdt_descr_base: |
2add8e23 | 407 | .quad INIT_PER_CPU_VAR(gdt_page) |
1da177e4 | 408 | |
1ab60e0f VG |
409 | ENTRY(phys_base) |
410 | /* This must match the first entry in level2_kernel_pgt */ | |
411 | .quad 0x0000000000000000 | |
412 | ||
8c5e5ac3 | 413 | #include "../../x86/xen/xen-head.S" |
1da177e4 | 414 | |
e57113bc JB |
415 | .section .bss, "aw", @nobits |
416 | .align L1_CACHE_BYTES | |
417 | ENTRY(idt_table) | |
5e112ae2 | 418 | .skip IDT_ENTRIES * 16 |
1da177e4 | 419 | |
228bdaa9 SR |
420 | .align L1_CACHE_BYTES |
421 | ENTRY(nmi_idt_table) | |
422 | .skip IDT_ENTRIES * 16 | |
423 | ||
02b7da37 | 424 | __PAGE_ALIGNED_BSS |
e57113bc JB |
425 | .align PAGE_SIZE |
426 | ENTRY(empty_zero_page) | |
427 | .skip PAGE_SIZE |