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b2441318 | 1 | // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 |
2104180a NP |
2 | /* |
3 | * Watchdog support on powerpc systems. | |
4 | * | |
5 | * Copyright 2017, IBM Corporation. | |
6 | * | |
7 | * This uses code from arch/sparc/kernel/nmi.c and kernel/watchdog.c | |
8 | */ | |
d8fa82e0 ME |
9 | |
10 | #define pr_fmt(fmt) "watchdog: " fmt | |
11 | ||
2104180a NP |
12 | #include <linux/kernel.h> |
13 | #include <linux/param.h> | |
14 | #include <linux/init.h> | |
15 | #include <linux/percpu.h> | |
16 | #include <linux/cpu.h> | |
17 | #include <linux/nmi.h> | |
18 | #include <linux/module.h> | |
19 | #include <linux/export.h> | |
20 | #include <linux/kprobes.h> | |
21 | #include <linux/hardirq.h> | |
22 | #include <linux/reboot.h> | |
23 | #include <linux/slab.h> | |
24 | #include <linux/kdebug.h> | |
25 | #include <linux/sched/debug.h> | |
26 | #include <linux/delay.h> | |
27 | #include <linux/smp.h> | |
28 | ||
29 | #include <asm/paca.h> | |
30 | ||
31 | /* | |
723b1133 NP |
32 | * The powerpc watchdog ensures that each CPU is able to service timers. |
33 | * The watchdog sets up a simple timer on each CPU to run once per timer | |
34 | * period, and updates a per-cpu timestamp and a "pending" cpumask. This is | |
35 | * the heartbeat. | |
2104180a | 36 | * |
723b1133 NP |
37 | * Then there are two systems to check that the heartbeat is still running. |
38 | * The local soft-NMI, and the SMP checker. | |
2104180a | 39 | * |
723b1133 NP |
40 | * The soft-NMI checker can detect lockups on the local CPU. When interrupts |
41 | * are disabled with local_irq_disable(), platforms that use soft-masking | |
42 | * can leave hardware interrupts enabled and handle them with a masked | |
43 | * interrupt handler. The masked handler can send the timer interrupt to the | |
44 | * watchdog's soft_nmi_interrupt(), which appears to Linux as an NMI | |
45 | * interrupt, and can be used to detect CPUs stuck with IRQs disabled. | |
46 | * | |
47 | * The soft-NMI checker will compare the heartbeat timestamp for this CPU | |
48 | * with the current time, and take action if the difference exceeds the | |
49 | * watchdog threshold. | |
50 | * | |
51 | * The limitation of the soft-NMI watchdog is that it does not work when | |
52 | * interrupts are hard disabled or otherwise not being serviced. This is | |
53 | * solved by also having a SMP watchdog where all CPUs check all other | |
54 | * CPUs heartbeat. | |
55 | * | |
56 | * The SMP checker can detect lockups on other CPUs. A gobal "pending" | |
57 | * cpumask is kept, containing all CPUs which enable the watchdog. Each | |
58 | * CPU clears their pending bit in their heartbeat timer. When the bitmask | |
59 | * becomes empty, the last CPU to clear its pending bit updates a global | |
60 | * timestamp and refills the pending bitmask. | |
61 | * | |
62 | * In the heartbeat timer, if any CPU notices that the global timestamp has | |
63 | * not been updated for a period exceeding the watchdog threshold, then it | |
64 | * means the CPU(s) with their bit still set in the pending mask have had | |
65 | * their heartbeat stop, and action is taken. | |
66 | * | |
67 | * Some platforms implement true NMI IPIs, which can by used by the SMP | |
68 | * watchdog to detect an unresponsive CPU and pull it out of its stuck | |
69 | * state with the NMI IPI, to get crash/debug data from it. This way the | |
70 | * SMP watchdog can detect hardware interrupts off lockups. | |
2104180a NP |
71 | */ |
72 | ||
73 | static cpumask_t wd_cpus_enabled __read_mostly; | |
74 | ||
75 | static u64 wd_panic_timeout_tb __read_mostly; /* timebase ticks until panic */ | |
76 | static u64 wd_smp_panic_timeout_tb __read_mostly; /* panic other CPUs */ | |
77 | ||
78 | static u64 wd_timer_period_ms __read_mostly; /* interval between heartbeat */ | |
79 | ||
80 | static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct timer_list, wd_timer); | |
81 | static DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, wd_timer_tb); | |
82 | ||
723b1133 | 83 | /* SMP checker bits */ |
2104180a NP |
84 | static unsigned long __wd_smp_lock; |
85 | static cpumask_t wd_smp_cpus_pending; | |
86 | static cpumask_t wd_smp_cpus_stuck; | |
87 | static u64 wd_smp_last_reset_tb; | |
88 | ||
89 | static inline void wd_smp_lock(unsigned long *flags) | |
90 | { | |
91 | /* | |
92 | * Avoid locking layers if possible. | |
93 | * This may be called from low level interrupt handlers at some | |
94 | * point in future. | |
95 | */ | |
d8e2a405 NP |
96 | raw_local_irq_save(*flags); |
97 | hard_irq_disable(); /* Make it soft-NMI safe */ | |
98 | while (unlikely(test_and_set_bit_lock(0, &__wd_smp_lock))) { | |
99 | raw_local_irq_restore(*flags); | |
100 | spin_until_cond(!test_bit(0, &__wd_smp_lock)); | |
101 | raw_local_irq_save(*flags); | |
102 | hard_irq_disable(); | |
103 | } | |
2104180a NP |
104 | } |
105 | ||
106 | static inline void wd_smp_unlock(unsigned long *flags) | |
107 | { | |
108 | clear_bit_unlock(0, &__wd_smp_lock); | |
d8e2a405 | 109 | raw_local_irq_restore(*flags); |
2104180a NP |
110 | } |
111 | ||
112 | static void wd_lockup_ipi(struct pt_regs *regs) | |
113 | { | |
d8fa82e0 | 114 | pr_emerg("CPU %d Hard LOCKUP\n", raw_smp_processor_id()); |
2104180a NP |
115 | print_modules(); |
116 | print_irqtrace_events(current); | |
117 | if (regs) | |
118 | show_regs(regs); | |
119 | else | |
120 | dump_stack(); | |
121 | ||
842dc1db | 122 | /* Do not panic from here because that can recurse into NMI IPI layer */ |
2104180a NP |
123 | } |
124 | ||
87607a30 | 125 | static void set_cpumask_stuck(const struct cpumask *cpumask, u64 tb) |
2104180a | 126 | { |
87607a30 NP |
127 | cpumask_or(&wd_smp_cpus_stuck, &wd_smp_cpus_stuck, cpumask); |
128 | cpumask_andnot(&wd_smp_cpus_pending, &wd_smp_cpus_pending, cpumask); | |
2104180a NP |
129 | if (cpumask_empty(&wd_smp_cpus_pending)) { |
130 | wd_smp_last_reset_tb = tb; | |
131 | cpumask_andnot(&wd_smp_cpus_pending, | |
132 | &wd_cpus_enabled, | |
133 | &wd_smp_cpus_stuck); | |
134 | } | |
135 | } | |
87607a30 NP |
136 | static void set_cpu_stuck(int cpu, u64 tb) |
137 | { | |
138 | set_cpumask_stuck(cpumask_of(cpu), tb); | |
139 | } | |
2104180a NP |
140 | |
141 | static void watchdog_smp_panic(int cpu, u64 tb) | |
142 | { | |
143 | unsigned long flags; | |
144 | int c; | |
145 | ||
146 | wd_smp_lock(&flags); | |
147 | /* Double check some things under lock */ | |
148 | if ((s64)(tb - wd_smp_last_reset_tb) < (s64)wd_smp_panic_timeout_tb) | |
149 | goto out; | |
150 | if (cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_pending)) | |
151 | goto out; | |
152 | if (cpumask_weight(&wd_smp_cpus_pending) == 0) | |
153 | goto out; | |
154 | ||
d8fa82e0 ME |
155 | pr_emerg("CPU %d detected hard LOCKUP on other CPUs %*pbl\n", |
156 | cpu, cpumask_pr_args(&wd_smp_cpus_pending)); | |
2104180a | 157 | |
d58fdd9d NP |
158 | if (!sysctl_hardlockup_all_cpu_backtrace) { |
159 | /* | |
160 | * Try to trigger the stuck CPUs, unless we are going to | |
161 | * get a backtrace on all of them anyway. | |
162 | */ | |
163 | for_each_cpu(c, &wd_smp_cpus_pending) { | |
164 | if (c == cpu) | |
165 | continue; | |
166 | smp_send_nmi_ipi(c, wd_lockup_ipi, 1000000); | |
167 | } | |
168 | smp_flush_nmi_ipi(1000000); | |
2104180a | 169 | } |
2104180a | 170 | |
87607a30 NP |
171 | /* Take the stuck CPUs out of the watch group */ |
172 | set_cpumask_stuck(&wd_smp_cpus_pending, tb); | |
2104180a | 173 | |
2104180a NP |
174 | wd_smp_unlock(&flags); |
175 | ||
176 | printk_safe_flush(); | |
177 | /* | |
178 | * printk_safe_flush() seems to require another print | |
179 | * before anything actually goes out to console. | |
180 | */ | |
181 | if (sysctl_hardlockup_all_cpu_backtrace) | |
182 | trigger_allbutself_cpu_backtrace(); | |
183 | ||
184 | if (hardlockup_panic) | |
185 | nmi_panic(NULL, "Hard LOCKUP"); | |
8e236921 NP |
186 | |
187 | return; | |
188 | ||
189 | out: | |
190 | wd_smp_unlock(&flags); | |
2104180a NP |
191 | } |
192 | ||
193 | static void wd_smp_clear_cpu_pending(int cpu, u64 tb) | |
194 | { | |
195 | if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_pending)) { | |
196 | if (unlikely(cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_stuck))) { | |
197 | unsigned long flags; | |
198 | ||
d8fa82e0 | 199 | pr_emerg("CPU %d became unstuck\n", cpu); |
2104180a NP |
200 | wd_smp_lock(&flags); |
201 | cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_stuck); | |
202 | wd_smp_unlock(&flags); | |
203 | } | |
204 | return; | |
205 | } | |
206 | cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_pending); | |
207 | if (cpumask_empty(&wd_smp_cpus_pending)) { | |
208 | unsigned long flags; | |
209 | ||
210 | wd_smp_lock(&flags); | |
211 | if (cpumask_empty(&wd_smp_cpus_pending)) { | |
212 | wd_smp_last_reset_tb = tb; | |
213 | cpumask_andnot(&wd_smp_cpus_pending, | |
214 | &wd_cpus_enabled, | |
215 | &wd_smp_cpus_stuck); | |
216 | } | |
217 | wd_smp_unlock(&flags); | |
218 | } | |
219 | } | |
220 | ||
221 | static void watchdog_timer_interrupt(int cpu) | |
222 | { | |
223 | u64 tb = get_tb(); | |
224 | ||
225 | per_cpu(wd_timer_tb, cpu) = tb; | |
226 | ||
227 | wd_smp_clear_cpu_pending(cpu, tb); | |
228 | ||
229 | if ((s64)(tb - wd_smp_last_reset_tb) >= (s64)wd_smp_panic_timeout_tb) | |
230 | watchdog_smp_panic(cpu, tb); | |
231 | } | |
232 | ||
233 | void soft_nmi_interrupt(struct pt_regs *regs) | |
234 | { | |
235 | unsigned long flags; | |
236 | int cpu = raw_smp_processor_id(); | |
237 | u64 tb; | |
238 | ||
239 | if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &wd_cpus_enabled)) | |
240 | return; | |
241 | ||
242 | nmi_enter(); | |
04019bf8 NP |
243 | |
244 | __this_cpu_inc(irq_stat.soft_nmi_irqs); | |
245 | ||
2104180a NP |
246 | tb = get_tb(); |
247 | if (tb - per_cpu(wd_timer_tb, cpu) >= wd_panic_timeout_tb) { | |
248 | per_cpu(wd_timer_tb, cpu) = tb; | |
249 | ||
250 | wd_smp_lock(&flags); | |
251 | if (cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_stuck)) { | |
252 | wd_smp_unlock(&flags); | |
253 | goto out; | |
254 | } | |
255 | set_cpu_stuck(cpu, tb); | |
256 | ||
0bc00914 | 257 | pr_emerg("CPU %d self-detected hard LOCKUP @ %pS\n", cpu, (void *)regs->nip); |
2104180a NP |
258 | print_modules(); |
259 | print_irqtrace_events(current); | |
3ba45b7e | 260 | show_regs(regs); |
2104180a NP |
261 | |
262 | wd_smp_unlock(&flags); | |
263 | ||
264 | if (sysctl_hardlockup_all_cpu_backtrace) | |
265 | trigger_allbutself_cpu_backtrace(); | |
266 | ||
267 | if (hardlockup_panic) | |
268 | nmi_panic(regs, "Hard LOCKUP"); | |
269 | } | |
270 | if (wd_panic_timeout_tb < 0x7fffffff) | |
271 | mtspr(SPRN_DEC, wd_panic_timeout_tb); | |
272 | ||
273 | out: | |
274 | nmi_exit(); | |
275 | } | |
276 | ||
277 | static void wd_timer_reset(unsigned int cpu, struct timer_list *t) | |
278 | { | |
279 | t->expires = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(wd_timer_period_ms); | |
280 | if (wd_timer_period_ms > 1000) | |
281 | t->expires = __round_jiffies_up(t->expires, cpu); | |
282 | add_timer_on(t, cpu); | |
283 | } | |
284 | ||
5943cf4a | 285 | static void wd_timer_fn(struct timer_list *t) |
2104180a | 286 | { |
2104180a NP |
287 | int cpu = smp_processor_id(); |
288 | ||
289 | watchdog_timer_interrupt(cpu); | |
290 | ||
291 | wd_timer_reset(cpu, t); | |
292 | } | |
293 | ||
294 | void arch_touch_nmi_watchdog(void) | |
295 | { | |
26c5c6e1 | 296 | unsigned long ticks = tb_ticks_per_usec * wd_timer_period_ms * 1000; |
2104180a | 297 | int cpu = smp_processor_id(); |
80e4d70b | 298 | u64 tb = get_tb(); |
2104180a | 299 | |
80e4d70b NP |
300 | if (tb - per_cpu(wd_timer_tb, cpu) >= ticks) { |
301 | per_cpu(wd_timer_tb, cpu) = tb; | |
302 | wd_smp_clear_cpu_pending(cpu, tb); | |
303 | } | |
2104180a NP |
304 | } |
305 | EXPORT_SYMBOL(arch_touch_nmi_watchdog); | |
306 | ||
307 | static void start_watchdog_timer_on(unsigned int cpu) | |
308 | { | |
309 | struct timer_list *t = per_cpu_ptr(&wd_timer, cpu); | |
310 | ||
311 | per_cpu(wd_timer_tb, cpu) = get_tb(); | |
312 | ||
5943cf4a | 313 | timer_setup(t, wd_timer_fn, TIMER_PINNED); |
2104180a NP |
314 | wd_timer_reset(cpu, t); |
315 | } | |
316 | ||
317 | static void stop_watchdog_timer_on(unsigned int cpu) | |
318 | { | |
319 | struct timer_list *t = per_cpu_ptr(&wd_timer, cpu); | |
320 | ||
321 | del_timer_sync(t); | |
322 | } | |
323 | ||
324 | static int start_wd_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu) | |
325 | { | |
96ea91e7 NP |
326 | unsigned long flags; |
327 | ||
2104180a NP |
328 | if (cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &wd_cpus_enabled)) { |
329 | WARN_ON(1); | |
330 | return 0; | |
331 | } | |
332 | ||
333 | if (!(watchdog_enabled & NMI_WATCHDOG_ENABLED)) | |
334 | return 0; | |
335 | ||
2104180a NP |
336 | if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &watchdog_cpumask)) |
337 | return 0; | |
338 | ||
96ea91e7 | 339 | wd_smp_lock(&flags); |
2104180a NP |
340 | cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, &wd_cpus_enabled); |
341 | if (cpumask_weight(&wd_cpus_enabled) == 1) { | |
342 | cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, &wd_smp_cpus_pending); | |
343 | wd_smp_last_reset_tb = get_tb(); | |
344 | } | |
96ea91e7 NP |
345 | wd_smp_unlock(&flags); |
346 | ||
2104180a NP |
347 | start_watchdog_timer_on(cpu); |
348 | ||
349 | return 0; | |
350 | } | |
351 | ||
352 | static int stop_wd_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu) | |
353 | { | |
96ea91e7 NP |
354 | unsigned long flags; |
355 | ||
2104180a NP |
356 | if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, &wd_cpus_enabled)) |
357 | return 0; /* Can happen in CPU unplug case */ | |
358 | ||
359 | stop_watchdog_timer_on(cpu); | |
360 | ||
96ea91e7 | 361 | wd_smp_lock(&flags); |
2104180a | 362 | cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, &wd_cpus_enabled); |
96ea91e7 NP |
363 | wd_smp_unlock(&flags); |
364 | ||
2104180a NP |
365 | wd_smp_clear_cpu_pending(cpu, get_tb()); |
366 | ||
367 | return 0; | |
368 | } | |
369 | ||
370 | static void watchdog_calc_timeouts(void) | |
371 | { | |
372 | wd_panic_timeout_tb = watchdog_thresh * ppc_tb_freq; | |
373 | ||
374 | /* Have the SMP detector trigger a bit later */ | |
375 | wd_smp_panic_timeout_tb = wd_panic_timeout_tb * 3 / 2; | |
376 | ||
377 | /* 2/5 is the factor that the perf based detector uses */ | |
378 | wd_timer_period_ms = watchdog_thresh * 1000 * 2 / 5; | |
379 | } | |
380 | ||
6b9dc480 | 381 | void watchdog_nmi_stop(void) |
2104180a NP |
382 | { |
383 | int cpu; | |
384 | ||
6b9dc480 TG |
385 | for_each_cpu(cpu, &wd_cpus_enabled) |
386 | stop_wd_on_cpu(cpu); | |
6b9dc480 TG |
387 | } |
388 | ||
389 | void watchdog_nmi_start(void) | |
390 | { | |
391 | int cpu; | |
392 | ||
6b9dc480 TG |
393 | watchdog_calc_timeouts(); |
394 | for_each_cpu_and(cpu, cpu_online_mask, &watchdog_cpumask) | |
395 | start_wd_on_cpu(cpu); | |
2104180a NP |
396 | } |
397 | ||
398 | /* | |
34ddaa3e | 399 | * Invoked from core watchdog init. |
2104180a | 400 | */ |
34ddaa3e | 401 | int __init watchdog_nmi_probe(void) |
2104180a NP |
402 | { |
403 | int err; | |
404 | ||
34ddaa3e TG |
405 | err = cpuhp_setup_state_nocalls(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN, |
406 | "powerpc/watchdog:online", | |
407 | start_wd_on_cpu, stop_wd_on_cpu); | |
408 | if (err < 0) { | |
d8fa82e0 | 409 | pr_warn("could not be initialized"); |
34ddaa3e TG |
410 | return err; |
411 | } | |
2104180a NP |
412 | return 0; |
413 | } |