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1 | .. _changes: |
2 | ||
9b4ebd98 | 3 | Minimal requirements to compile the Kernel |
840f6690 MCC |
4 | ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ |
5 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
6 | Intro |
7 | ===== | |
8 | ||
9 | This document is designed to provide a list of the minimum levels of | |
5a5866c2 | 10 | software necessary to run the current kernel version. |
1da177e4 LT |
11 | |
12 | This document is originally based on my "Changes" file for 2.0.x kernels | |
13 | and therefore owes credit to the same people as that file (Jared Mauch, | |
14 | Axel Boldt, Alessandro Sigala, and countless other users all over the | |
15 | 'net). | |
16 | ||
1da177e4 | 17 | Current Minimal Requirements |
840f6690 | 18 | **************************** |
1da177e4 | 19 | |
840f6690 | 20 | Upgrade to at **least** these software revisions before thinking you've |
1da177e4 LT |
21 | encountered a bug! If you're unsure what version you're currently |
22 | running, the suggested command should tell you. | |
23 | ||
5adaf851 LT |
24 | Again, keep in mind that this list assumes you are already functionally |
25 | running a Linux kernel. Also, not all tools are necessary on all | |
9c3c0c20 AB |
26 | systems; obviously, if you don't have any PC Card hardware, for example, |
27 | you probably needn't concern yourself with pcmciautils. | |
1da177e4 | 28 | |
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29 | ====================== =============== ======================================== |
30 | Program Minimal version Command to check the version | |
31 | ====================== =============== ======================================== | |
76ae8474 | 32 | GNU C 5.1 gcc --version |
9c1b86f8 | 33 | Clang/LLVM (optional) 13.0.1 clang --version |
56f64b37 | 34 | Rust (optional) 1.78.0 rustc --version |
08ab7865 | 35 | bindgen (optional) 0.65.1 bindgen --version |
5f99665e | 36 | GNU make 4.0 make --version |
da4288b9 | 37 | bash 4.2 bash --version |
e4412739 | 38 | binutils 2.25 ld -v |
033dba2e MY |
39 | flex 2.5.35 flex --version |
40 | bison 2.0 bison --version | |
333b11e5 | 41 | pahole 1.16 pahole --version |
821bd43e | 42 | util-linux 2.10o mount --version |
934193a6 | 43 | kmod 13 depmod -V |
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44 | e2fsprogs 1.41.4 e2fsck -V |
45 | jfsutils 1.1.3 fsck.jfs -V | |
46 | reiserfsprogs 3.6.3 reiserfsck -V | |
47 | xfsprogs 2.6.0 xfs_db -V | |
48 | squashfs-tools 4.0 mksquashfs -version | |
49 | btrfs-progs 0.18 btrfsck | |
50 | pcmciautils 004 pccardctl -V | |
51 | quota-tools 3.09 quota -V | |
52 | PPP 2.4.0 pppd --version | |
840f6690 MCC |
53 | nfs-utils 1.0.5 showmount --version |
54 | procps 3.2.0 ps --version | |
840f6690 MCC |
55 | udev 081 udevd --version |
56 | grub 0.93 grub --version || grub-install --version | |
57 | mcelog 0.6 mcelog --version | |
58 | iptables 1.4.2 iptables -V | |
59 | openssl & libcrypto 1.0.0 openssl version | |
60 | bc 1.06.95 bc --version | |
3e893e16 | 61 | Sphinx\ [#f1]_ 2.4.4 sphinx-build --version |
69ef0920 | 62 | cpio any cpio --version |
c584476d | 63 | GNU tar 1.28 tar --version |
b230235b | 64 | gtags (optional) 6.6.5 gtags --version |
7a23b027 | 65 | mkimage (optional) 2017.01 mkimage --version |
62739571 | 66 | Python (optional) 3.5.x python3 --version |
5f5e7344 | 67 | GNU AWK (optional) 5.1.0 gawk --version |
840f6690 | 68 | ====================== =============== ======================================== |
7a922637 | 69 | |
81f10d19 | 70 | .. [#f1] Sphinx is needed only to build the Kernel documentation |
1da177e4 LT |
71 | |
72 | Kernel compilation | |
840f6690 | 73 | ****************** |
1da177e4 LT |
74 | |
75 | GCC | |
76 | --- | |
77 | ||
78 | The gcc version requirements may vary depending on the type of CPU in your | |
a1365647 | 79 | computer. |
1da177e4 | 80 | |
3519c4d6 ND |
81 | Clang/LLVM (optional) |
82 | --------------------- | |
83 | ||
84 | The latest formal release of clang and LLVM utils (according to | |
85 | `releases.llvm.org <https://releases.llvm.org>`_) are supported for building | |
86 | kernels. Older releases aren't guaranteed to work, and we may drop workarounds | |
87 | from the kernel that were used to support older versions. Please see additional | |
88 | docs on :ref:`Building Linux with Clang/LLVM <kbuild_llvm>`. | |
89 | ||
d07479b2 MO |
90 | Rust (optional) |
91 | --------------- | |
92 | ||
63b27f4a | 93 | A recent version of the Rust compiler is required. |
d07479b2 MO |
94 | |
95 | Please see Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst for instructions on how to | |
96 | satisfy the build requirements of Rust support. In particular, the ``Makefile`` | |
97 | target ``rustavailable`` is useful to check why the Rust toolchain may not | |
98 | be detected. | |
99 | ||
100 | bindgen (optional) | |
101 | ------------------ | |
102 | ||
103 | ``bindgen`` is used to generate the Rust bindings to the C side of the kernel. | |
104 | It depends on ``libclang``. | |
105 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
106 | Make |
107 | ---- | |
108 | ||
5f99665e | 109 | You will need GNU make 4.0 or later to build the kernel. |
1da177e4 | 110 | |
da4288b9 MY |
111 | Bash |
112 | ---- | |
113 | ||
114 | Some bash scripts are used for the kernel build. | |
115 | Bash 4.2 or newer is needed. | |
116 | ||
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117 | Binutils |
118 | -------- | |
119 | ||
e4412739 | 120 | Binutils 2.25 or newer is needed to build the kernel. |
1da177e4 | 121 | |
4ab3b801 RD |
122 | pkg-config |
123 | ---------- | |
124 | ||
125 | The build system, as of 4.18, requires pkg-config to check for installed | |
126 | kconfig tools and to determine flags settings for use in | |
fd65465b | 127 | 'make {g,x}config'. Previously pkg-config was being used but not |
4ab3b801 RD |
128 | verified or documented. |
129 | ||
033dba2e MY |
130 | Flex |
131 | ---- | |
132 | ||
133 | Since Linux 4.16, the build system generates lexical analyzers | |
134 | during build. This requires flex 2.5.35 or later. | |
135 | ||
136 | ||
137 | Bison | |
138 | ----- | |
139 | ||
140 | Since Linux 4.16, the build system generates parsers | |
141 | during build. This requires bison 2.0 or later. | |
142 | ||
40be2369 TB |
143 | pahole |
144 | ------ | |
333b11e5 ACM |
145 | |
146 | Since Linux 5.2, if CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF is selected, the build system | |
147 | generates BTF (BPF Type Format) from DWARF in vmlinux, a bit later from kernel | |
148 | modules as well. This requires pahole v1.16 or later. | |
149 | ||
150 | It is found in the 'dwarves' or 'pahole' distro packages or from | |
151 | https://fedorapeople.org/~acme/dwarves/. | |
152 | ||
08219624 JLPD |
153 | Perl |
154 | ---- | |
155 | ||
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156 | You will need perl 5 and the following modules: ``Getopt::Long``, |
157 | ``Getopt::Std``, ``File::Basename``, and ``File::Find`` to build the kernel. | |
08219624 | 158 | |
221069be A |
159 | BC |
160 | -- | |
161 | ||
162 | You will need bc to build kernels 3.10 and higher | |
163 | ||
08219624 | 164 | |
3f1d44ae DH |
165 | OpenSSL |
166 | ------- | |
167 | ||
168 | Module signing and external certificate handling use the OpenSSL program and | |
169 | crypto library to do key creation and signature generation. | |
170 | ||
171 | You will need openssl to build kernels 3.7 and higher if module signing is | |
172 | enabled. You will also need openssl development packages to build kernels 4.3 | |
173 | and higher. | |
174 | ||
c584476d MY |
175 | Tar |
176 | --- | |
177 | ||
178 | GNU tar is needed if you want to enable access to the kernel headers via sysfs | |
179 | (CONFIG_IKHEADERS). | |
180 | ||
b230235b AD |
181 | gtags / GNU GLOBAL (optional) |
182 | ----------------------------- | |
183 | ||
184 | The kernel build requires GNU GLOBAL version 6.6.5 or later to generate | |
185 | tag files through ``make gtags``. This is due to its use of the gtags | |
186 | ``-C (--directory)`` flag. | |
3f1d44ae | 187 | |
7a23b027 SG |
188 | mkimage |
189 | ------- | |
190 | ||
191 | This tool is used when building a Flat Image Tree (FIT), commonly used on ARM | |
192 | platforms. The tool is available via the ``u-boot-tools`` package or can be | |
193 | built from the U-Boot source code. See the instructions at | |
194 | https://docs.u-boot.org/en/latest/build/tools.html#building-tools-for-linux | |
195 | ||
5f5e7344 KVH |
196 | GNU AWK |
197 | ------- | |
198 | ||
199 | GNU AWK is needed if you want kernel builds to generate address range data for | |
200 | builtin modules (CONFIG_BUILTIN_MODULE_RANGES). | |
201 | ||
1da177e4 | 202 | System utilities |
840f6690 | 203 | **************** |
1da177e4 LT |
204 | |
205 | Architectural changes | |
206 | --------------------- | |
207 | ||
208 | DevFS has been obsoleted in favour of udev | |
e7b4311e | 209 | (https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/) |
1da177e4 LT |
210 | |
211 | 32-bit UID support is now in place. Have fun! | |
212 | ||
213 | Linux documentation for functions is transitioning to inline | |
214 | documentation via specially-formatted comments near their | |
ff41c419 MCC |
215 | definitions in the source. These comments can be combined with ReST |
216 | files the Documentation/ directory to make enriched documentation, which can | |
217 | then be converted to PostScript, HTML, LaTex, ePUB and PDF files. | |
218 | In order to convert from ReST format to a format of your choice, you'll need | |
219 | Sphinx. | |
1da177e4 LT |
220 | |
221 | Util-linux | |
222 | ---------- | |
223 | ||
840f6690 | 224 | New versions of util-linux provide ``fdisk`` support for larger disks, |
1da177e4 | 225 | support new options to mount, recognize more supported partition |
821bd43e | 226 | types, and similar goodies. |
1da177e4 LT |
227 | You'll probably want to upgrade. |
228 | ||
229 | Ksymoops | |
230 | -------- | |
231 | ||
62a07e6e JJ |
232 | If the unthinkable happens and your kernel oopses, you may need the |
233 | ksymoops tool to decode it, but in most cases you don't. | |
840f6690 | 234 | It is generally preferred to build the kernel with ``CONFIG_KALLSYMS`` so |
5adaf851 LT |
235 | that it produces readable dumps that can be used as-is (this also |
236 | produces better output than ksymoops). If for some reason your kernel | |
840f6690 | 237 | is not build with ``CONFIG_KALLSYMS`` and you have no way to rebuild and |
5adaf851 LT |
238 | reproduce the Oops with that option, then you can still decode that Oops |
239 | with ksymoops. | |
1da177e4 | 240 | |
1da177e4 LT |
241 | Mkinitrd |
242 | -------- | |
243 | ||
840f6690 | 244 | These changes to the ``/lib/modules`` file tree layout also require that |
1da177e4 LT |
245 | mkinitrd be upgraded. |
246 | ||
247 | E2fsprogs | |
248 | --------- | |
249 | ||
840f6690 | 250 | The latest version of ``e2fsprogs`` fixes several bugs in fsck and |
1da177e4 LT |
251 | debugfs. Obviously, it's a good idea to upgrade. |
252 | ||
253 | JFSutils | |
254 | -------- | |
255 | ||
840f6690 | 256 | The ``jfsutils`` package contains the utilities for the file system. |
1da177e4 | 257 | The following utilities are available: |
840f6690 MCC |
258 | |
259 | - ``fsck.jfs`` - initiate replay of the transaction log, and check | |
1da177e4 | 260 | and repair a JFS formatted partition. |
840f6690 MCC |
261 | |
262 | - ``mkfs.jfs`` - create a JFS formatted partition. | |
263 | ||
264 | - other file system utilities are also available in this package. | |
1da177e4 LT |
265 | |
266 | Reiserfsprogs | |
267 | ------------- | |
268 | ||
269 | The reiserfsprogs package should be used for reiserfs-3.6.x | |
270 | (Linux kernels 2.4.x). It is a combined package and contains working | |
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271 | versions of ``mkreiserfs``, ``resize_reiserfs``, ``debugreiserfs`` and |
272 | ``reiserfsck``. These utils work on both i386 and alpha platforms. | |
1da177e4 LT |
273 | |
274 | Xfsprogs | |
275 | -------- | |
276 | ||
840f6690 MCC |
277 | The latest version of ``xfsprogs`` contains ``mkfs.xfs``, ``xfs_db``, and the |
278 | ``xfs_repair`` utilities, among others, for the XFS filesystem. It is | |
1da177e4 LT |
279 | architecture independent and any version from 2.0.0 onward should |
280 | work correctly with this version of the XFS kernel code (2.6.0 or | |
281 | later is recommended, due to some significant improvements). | |
282 | ||
5085cb26 DB |
283 | PCMCIAutils |
284 | ----------- | |
285 | ||
840f6690 | 286 | PCMCIAutils replaces ``pcmcia-cs``. It properly sets up |
5085cb26 DB |
287 | PCMCIA sockets at system startup and loads the appropriate modules |
288 | for 16-bit PCMCIA devices if the kernel is modularized and the hotplug | |
289 | subsystem is used. | |
1da177e4 | 290 | |
1da177e4 LT |
291 | Quota-tools |
292 | ----------- | |
293 | ||
294 | Support for 32 bit uid's and gid's is required if you want to use | |
295 | the newer version 2 quota format. Quota-tools version 3.07 and | |
296 | newer has this support. Use the recommended version or newer | |
297 | from the table above. | |
298 | ||
299 | Intel IA32 microcode | |
300 | -------------------- | |
301 | ||
302 | A driver has been added to allow updating of Intel IA32 microcode, | |
890fbae2 | 303 | accessible as a normal (misc) character device. If you are not using |
1b49ecf2 | 304 | udev you may need to:: |
840f6690 MCC |
305 | |
306 | mkdir /dev/cpu | |
307 | mknod /dev/cpu/microcode c 10 184 | |
308 | chmod 0644 /dev/cpu/microcode | |
1da177e4 LT |
309 | |
310 | as root before you can use this. You'll probably also want to | |
311 | get the user-space microcode_ctl utility to use with this. | |
312 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
313 | udev |
314 | ---- | |
840f6690 MCC |
315 | |
316 | ``udev`` is a userspace application for populating ``/dev`` dynamically with | |
317 | only entries for devices actually present. ``udev`` replaces the basic | |
03a67a46 | 318 | functionality of devfs, while allowing persistent device naming for |
890fbae2 | 319 | devices. |
1da177e4 | 320 | |
909021ea MS |
321 | FUSE |
322 | ---- | |
323 | ||
324 | Needs libfuse 2.4.0 or later. Absolute minimum is 2.3.0 but mount | |
840f6690 | 325 | options ``direct_io`` and ``kernel_cache`` won't work. |
909021ea | 326 | |
1da177e4 | 327 | Networking |
840f6690 | 328 | ********** |
1da177e4 LT |
329 | |
330 | General changes | |
331 | --------------- | |
332 | ||
333 | If you have advanced network configuration needs, you should probably | |
334 | consider using the network tools from ip-route2. | |
335 | ||
336 | Packet Filter / NAT | |
337 | ------------------- | |
338 | The packet filtering and NAT code uses the same tools like the previous 2.4.x | |
339 | kernel series (iptables). It still includes backwards-compatibility modules | |
340 | for 2.2.x-style ipchains and 2.0.x-style ipfwadm. | |
341 | ||
342 | PPP | |
343 | --- | |
344 | ||
345 | The PPP driver has been restructured to support multilink and to | |
346 | enable it to operate over diverse media layers. If you use PPP, | |
347 | upgrade pppd to at least 2.4.0. | |
348 | ||
890fbae2 | 349 | If you are not using udev, you must have the device file /dev/ppp |
1b49ecf2 | 350 | which can be made by:: |
840f6690 MCC |
351 | |
352 | mknod /dev/ppp c 108 0 | |
1da177e4 LT |
353 | |
354 | as root. | |
355 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
356 | NFS-utils |
357 | --------- | |
358 | ||
5adaf851 LT |
359 | In ancient (2.4 and earlier) kernels, the nfs server needed to know |
360 | about any client that expected to be able to access files via NFS. This | |
840f6690 MCC |
361 | information would be given to the kernel by ``mountd`` when the client |
362 | mounted the filesystem, or by ``exportfs`` at system startup. exportfs | |
363 | would take information about active clients from ``/var/lib/nfs/rmtab``. | |
1da177e4 LT |
364 | |
365 | This approach is quite fragile as it depends on rmtab being correct | |
366 | which is not always easy, particularly when trying to implement | |
840f6690 | 367 | fail-over. Even when the system is working well, ``rmtab`` suffers from |
1da177e4 LT |
368 | getting lots of old entries that never get removed. |
369 | ||
5adaf851 LT |
370 | With modern kernels we have the option of having the kernel tell mountd |
371 | when it gets a request from an unknown host, and mountd can give | |
372 | appropriate export information to the kernel. This removes the | |
840f6690 | 373 | dependency on ``rmtab`` and means that the kernel only needs to know about |
5adaf851 | 374 | currently active clients. |
1da177e4 | 375 | |
1b49ecf2 | 376 | To enable this new functionality, you need to:: |
840f6690 | 377 | |
e4121712 | 378 | mount -t nfsd nfsd /proc/fs/nfsd |
1da177e4 LT |
379 | |
380 | before running exportfs or mountd. It is recommended that all NFS | |
381 | services be protected from the internet-at-large by a firewall where | |
382 | that is possible. | |
383 | ||
172d899d AK |
384 | mcelog |
385 | ------ | |
386 | ||
c8c3f7d6 | 387 | On x86 kernels the mcelog utility is needed to process and log machine check |
840f6690 MCC |
388 | events when ``CONFIG_X86_MCE`` is enabled. Machine check events are errors |
389 | reported by the CPU. Processing them is strongly encouraged. | |
172d899d | 390 | |
81f10d19 MCC |
391 | Kernel documentation |
392 | ******************** | |
393 | ||
394 | Sphinx | |
395 | ------ | |
396 | ||
f77af637 | 397 | Please see :ref:`sphinx_install` in :ref:`Documentation/doc-guide/sphinx.rst <sphinxdoc>` |
b8b07b5c | 398 | for details about Sphinx requirements. |
81f10d19 | 399 | |
d07479b2 MO |
400 | rustdoc |
401 | ------- | |
402 | ||
403 | ``rustdoc`` is used to generate the documentation for Rust code. Please see | |
404 | Documentation/rust/general-information.rst for more information. | |
405 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
406 | Getting updated software |
407 | ======================== | |
408 | ||
409 | Kernel compilation | |
410 | ****************** | |
411 | ||
a1365647 AM |
412 | gcc |
413 | --- | |
840f6690 MCC |
414 | |
415 | - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/> | |
1da177e4 | 416 | |
3519c4d6 ND |
417 | Clang/LLVM |
418 | ---------- | |
419 | ||
420 | - :ref:`Getting LLVM <getting_llvm>`. | |
421 | ||
d07479b2 MO |
422 | Rust |
423 | ---- | |
424 | ||
425 | - Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst. | |
426 | ||
427 | bindgen | |
428 | ------- | |
429 | ||
430 | - Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst. | |
431 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
432 | Make |
433 | ---- | |
840f6690 MCC |
434 | |
435 | - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/> | |
1da177e4 | 436 | |
da4288b9 MY |
437 | Bash |
438 | ---- | |
439 | ||
440 | - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/> | |
441 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
442 | Binutils |
443 | -------- | |
840f6690 | 444 | |
3bdadc86 | 445 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/devel/binutils/> |
1da177e4 | 446 | |
033dba2e MY |
447 | Flex |
448 | ---- | |
449 | ||
450 | - <https://github.com/westes/flex/releases> | |
451 | ||
452 | Bison | |
453 | ----- | |
454 | ||
455 | - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/> | |
456 | ||
3f1d44ae DH |
457 | OpenSSL |
458 | ------- | |
840f6690 MCC |
459 | |
460 | - <https://www.openssl.org/> | |
3f1d44ae | 461 | |
1da177e4 LT |
462 | System utilities |
463 | **************** | |
464 | ||
465 | Util-linux | |
466 | ---------- | |
840f6690 | 467 | |
3bdadc86 | 468 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/> |
1da177e4 | 469 | |
934193a6 RD |
470 | Kmod |
471 | ---- | |
472 | ||
473 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/kmod/> | |
474 | - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/kernel/kmod/kmod.git> | |
475 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
476 | Ksymoops |
477 | -------- | |
840f6690 | 478 | |
3bdadc86 | 479 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/ksymoops/v2.4/> |
1da177e4 | 480 | |
1da177e4 LT |
481 | Mkinitrd |
482 | -------- | |
840f6690 MCC |
483 | |
484 | - <https://code.launchpad.net/initrd-tools/main> | |
1da177e4 LT |
485 | |
486 | E2fsprogs | |
487 | --------- | |
840f6690 | 488 | |
599e6f8d RD |
489 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/tytso/e2fsprogs/> |
490 | - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/ext2/e2fsprogs.git/> | |
1da177e4 LT |
491 | |
492 | JFSutils | |
493 | -------- | |
840f6690 | 494 | |
383f3088 | 495 | - <https://jfs.sourceforge.net/> |
1da177e4 LT |
496 | |
497 | Reiserfsprogs | |
498 | ------------- | |
840f6690 | 499 | |
599e6f8d | 500 | - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jeffm/reiserfsprogs.git/> |
1da177e4 LT |
501 | |
502 | Xfsprogs | |
503 | -------- | |
840f6690 | 504 | |
599e6f8d RD |
505 | - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/xfs/xfsprogs-dev.git> |
506 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/fs/xfs/xfsprogs/> | |
1da177e4 | 507 | |
5085cb26 DB |
508 | Pcmciautils |
509 | ----------- | |
840f6690 | 510 | |
3bdadc86 | 511 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/pcmcia/> |
5085cb26 | 512 | |
1da177e4 | 513 | Quota-tools |
840f6690 MCC |
514 | ----------- |
515 | ||
383f3088 | 516 | - <https://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxquota/> |
1da177e4 | 517 | |
8b0c2d98 | 518 | |
1da177e4 LT |
519 | Intel P6 microcode |
520 | ------------------ | |
840f6690 MCC |
521 | |
522 | - <https://downloadcenter.intel.com/> | |
1da177e4 | 523 | |
1da177e4 LT |
524 | udev |
525 | ---- | |
840f6690 | 526 | |
e7b4311e | 527 | - <https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/udev.html> |
1da177e4 | 528 | |
909021ea MS |
529 | FUSE |
530 | ---- | |
840f6690 | 531 | |
86afad7d | 532 | - <https://github.com/libfuse/libfuse/releases> |
909021ea | 533 | |
172d899d AK |
534 | mcelog |
535 | ------ | |
840f6690 | 536 | |
383f3088 | 537 | - <https://www.mcelog.org/> |
172d899d | 538 | |
69ef0920 BMG |
539 | cpio |
540 | ---- | |
541 | ||
542 | - <https://www.gnu.org/software/cpio/> | |
543 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
544 | Networking |
545 | ********** | |
546 | ||
547 | PPP | |
548 | --- | |
840f6690 | 549 | |
599e6f8d RD |
550 | - <https://download.samba.org/pub/ppp/> |
551 | - <https://git.ozlabs.org/?p=ppp.git> | |
552 | - <https://github.com/paulusmack/ppp/> | |
1da177e4 | 553 | |
1da177e4 LT |
554 | NFS-utils |
555 | --------- | |
840f6690 | 556 | |
383f3088 SP |
557 | - <https://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=14> |
558 | - <https://nfs.sourceforge.net/> | |
1da177e4 LT |
559 | |
560 | Iptables | |
561 | -------- | |
840f6690 | 562 | |
599e6f8d | 563 | - <https://netfilter.org/projects/iptables/index.html> |
1da177e4 LT |
564 | |
565 | Ip-route2 | |
566 | --------- | |
840f6690 MCC |
567 | |
568 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/net/iproute2/> | |
1da177e4 LT |
569 | |
570 | OProfile | |
571 | -------- | |
840f6690 | 572 | |
383f3088 | 573 | - <https://oprofile.sf.net/download/> |
81f10d19 MCC |
574 | |
575 | Kernel documentation | |
576 | ******************** | |
577 | ||
578 | Sphinx | |
579 | ------ | |
580 | ||
e7b4311e | 581 | - <https://www.sphinx-doc.org/> |