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1 | .. _changes: |
2 | ||
9b4ebd98 | 3 | Minimal requirements to compile the Kernel |
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4 | ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ |
5 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
6 | Intro |
7 | ===== | |
8 | ||
9 | This document is designed to provide a list of the minimum levels of | |
5a5866c2 | 10 | software necessary to run the current kernel version. |
1da177e4 LT |
11 | |
12 | This document is originally based on my "Changes" file for 2.0.x kernels | |
13 | and therefore owes credit to the same people as that file (Jared Mauch, | |
14 | Axel Boldt, Alessandro Sigala, and countless other users all over the | |
15 | 'net). | |
16 | ||
1da177e4 | 17 | Current Minimal Requirements |
840f6690 | 18 | **************************** |
1da177e4 | 19 | |
840f6690 | 20 | Upgrade to at **least** these software revisions before thinking you've |
1da177e4 LT |
21 | encountered a bug! If you're unsure what version you're currently |
22 | running, the suggested command should tell you. | |
23 | ||
5adaf851 LT |
24 | Again, keep in mind that this list assumes you are already functionally |
25 | running a Linux kernel. Also, not all tools are necessary on all | |
9c3c0c20 AB |
26 | systems; obviously, if you don't have any PC Card hardware, for example, |
27 | you probably needn't concern yourself with pcmciautils. | |
1da177e4 | 28 | |
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29 | ====================== =============== ======================================== |
30 | Program Minimal version Command to check the version | |
31 | ====================== =============== ======================================== | |
76ae8474 | 32 | GNU C 5.1 gcc --version |
df05c0e9 | 33 | Clang/LLVM (optional) 11.0.0 clang --version |
c5fed8ce | 34 | Rust (optional) 1.75.0 rustc --version |
08ab7865 | 35 | bindgen (optional) 0.65.1 bindgen --version |
0715fdb0 | 36 | GNU make 3.82 make --version |
da4288b9 | 37 | bash 4.2 bash --version |
e4412739 | 38 | binutils 2.25 ld -v |
033dba2e MY |
39 | flex 2.5.35 flex --version |
40 | bison 2.0 bison --version | |
333b11e5 | 41 | pahole 1.16 pahole --version |
821bd43e | 42 | util-linux 2.10o mount --version |
934193a6 | 43 | kmod 13 depmod -V |
840f6690 MCC |
44 | e2fsprogs 1.41.4 e2fsck -V |
45 | jfsutils 1.1.3 fsck.jfs -V | |
46 | reiserfsprogs 3.6.3 reiserfsck -V | |
47 | xfsprogs 2.6.0 xfs_db -V | |
48 | squashfs-tools 4.0 mksquashfs -version | |
49 | btrfs-progs 0.18 btrfsck | |
50 | pcmciautils 004 pccardctl -V | |
51 | quota-tools 3.09 quota -V | |
52 | PPP 2.4.0 pppd --version | |
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53 | nfs-utils 1.0.5 showmount --version |
54 | procps 3.2.0 ps --version | |
840f6690 MCC |
55 | udev 081 udevd --version |
56 | grub 0.93 grub --version || grub-install --version | |
57 | mcelog 0.6 mcelog --version | |
58 | iptables 1.4.2 iptables -V | |
59 | openssl & libcrypto 1.0.0 openssl version | |
60 | bc 1.06.95 bc --version | |
3e893e16 | 61 | Sphinx\ [#f1]_ 2.4.4 sphinx-build --version |
69ef0920 | 62 | cpio any cpio --version |
c584476d | 63 | GNU tar 1.28 tar --version |
b230235b | 64 | gtags (optional) 6.6.5 gtags --version |
840f6690 | 65 | ====================== =============== ======================================== |
7a922637 | 66 | |
81f10d19 | 67 | .. [#f1] Sphinx is needed only to build the Kernel documentation |
1da177e4 LT |
68 | |
69 | Kernel compilation | |
840f6690 | 70 | ****************** |
1da177e4 LT |
71 | |
72 | GCC | |
73 | --- | |
74 | ||
75 | The gcc version requirements may vary depending on the type of CPU in your | |
a1365647 | 76 | computer. |
1da177e4 | 77 | |
3519c4d6 ND |
78 | Clang/LLVM (optional) |
79 | --------------------- | |
80 | ||
81 | The latest formal release of clang and LLVM utils (according to | |
82 | `releases.llvm.org <https://releases.llvm.org>`_) are supported for building | |
83 | kernels. Older releases aren't guaranteed to work, and we may drop workarounds | |
84 | from the kernel that were used to support older versions. Please see additional | |
85 | docs on :ref:`Building Linux with Clang/LLVM <kbuild_llvm>`. | |
86 | ||
d07479b2 MO |
87 | Rust (optional) |
88 | --------------- | |
89 | ||
90 | A particular version of the Rust toolchain is required. Newer versions may or | |
91 | may not work because the kernel depends on some unstable Rust features, for | |
92 | the moment. | |
93 | ||
94 | Each Rust toolchain comes with several "components", some of which are required | |
95 | (like ``rustc``) and some that are optional. The ``rust-src`` component (which | |
96 | is optional) needs to be installed to build the kernel. Other components are | |
97 | useful for developing. | |
98 | ||
99 | Please see Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst for instructions on how to | |
100 | satisfy the build requirements of Rust support. In particular, the ``Makefile`` | |
101 | target ``rustavailable`` is useful to check why the Rust toolchain may not | |
102 | be detected. | |
103 | ||
104 | bindgen (optional) | |
105 | ------------------ | |
106 | ||
107 | ``bindgen`` is used to generate the Rust bindings to the C side of the kernel. | |
108 | It depends on ``libclang``. | |
109 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
110 | Make |
111 | ---- | |
112 | ||
0715fdb0 | 113 | You will need GNU make 3.82 or later to build the kernel. |
1da177e4 | 114 | |
da4288b9 MY |
115 | Bash |
116 | ---- | |
117 | ||
118 | Some bash scripts are used for the kernel build. | |
119 | Bash 4.2 or newer is needed. | |
120 | ||
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121 | Binutils |
122 | -------- | |
123 | ||
e4412739 | 124 | Binutils 2.25 or newer is needed to build the kernel. |
1da177e4 | 125 | |
4ab3b801 RD |
126 | pkg-config |
127 | ---------- | |
128 | ||
129 | The build system, as of 4.18, requires pkg-config to check for installed | |
130 | kconfig tools and to determine flags settings for use in | |
fd65465b | 131 | 'make {g,x}config'. Previously pkg-config was being used but not |
4ab3b801 RD |
132 | verified or documented. |
133 | ||
033dba2e MY |
134 | Flex |
135 | ---- | |
136 | ||
137 | Since Linux 4.16, the build system generates lexical analyzers | |
138 | during build. This requires flex 2.5.35 or later. | |
139 | ||
140 | ||
141 | Bison | |
142 | ----- | |
143 | ||
144 | Since Linux 4.16, the build system generates parsers | |
145 | during build. This requires bison 2.0 or later. | |
146 | ||
333b11e5 ACM |
147 | pahole: |
148 | ------- | |
149 | ||
150 | Since Linux 5.2, if CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF is selected, the build system | |
151 | generates BTF (BPF Type Format) from DWARF in vmlinux, a bit later from kernel | |
152 | modules as well. This requires pahole v1.16 or later. | |
153 | ||
154 | It is found in the 'dwarves' or 'pahole' distro packages or from | |
155 | https://fedorapeople.org/~acme/dwarves/. | |
156 | ||
08219624 JLPD |
157 | Perl |
158 | ---- | |
159 | ||
840f6690 MCC |
160 | You will need perl 5 and the following modules: ``Getopt::Long``, |
161 | ``Getopt::Std``, ``File::Basename``, and ``File::Find`` to build the kernel. | |
08219624 | 162 | |
221069be A |
163 | BC |
164 | -- | |
165 | ||
166 | You will need bc to build kernels 3.10 and higher | |
167 | ||
08219624 | 168 | |
3f1d44ae DH |
169 | OpenSSL |
170 | ------- | |
171 | ||
172 | Module signing and external certificate handling use the OpenSSL program and | |
173 | crypto library to do key creation and signature generation. | |
174 | ||
175 | You will need openssl to build kernels 3.7 and higher if module signing is | |
176 | enabled. You will also need openssl development packages to build kernels 4.3 | |
177 | and higher. | |
178 | ||
c584476d MY |
179 | Tar |
180 | --- | |
181 | ||
182 | GNU tar is needed if you want to enable access to the kernel headers via sysfs | |
183 | (CONFIG_IKHEADERS). | |
184 | ||
b230235b AD |
185 | gtags / GNU GLOBAL (optional) |
186 | ----------------------------- | |
187 | ||
188 | The kernel build requires GNU GLOBAL version 6.6.5 or later to generate | |
189 | tag files through ``make gtags``. This is due to its use of the gtags | |
190 | ``-C (--directory)`` flag. | |
3f1d44ae | 191 | |
1da177e4 | 192 | System utilities |
840f6690 | 193 | **************** |
1da177e4 LT |
194 | |
195 | Architectural changes | |
196 | --------------------- | |
197 | ||
198 | DevFS has been obsoleted in favour of udev | |
e7b4311e | 199 | (https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/) |
1da177e4 LT |
200 | |
201 | 32-bit UID support is now in place. Have fun! | |
202 | ||
203 | Linux documentation for functions is transitioning to inline | |
204 | documentation via specially-formatted comments near their | |
ff41c419 MCC |
205 | definitions in the source. These comments can be combined with ReST |
206 | files the Documentation/ directory to make enriched documentation, which can | |
207 | then be converted to PostScript, HTML, LaTex, ePUB and PDF files. | |
208 | In order to convert from ReST format to a format of your choice, you'll need | |
209 | Sphinx. | |
1da177e4 LT |
210 | |
211 | Util-linux | |
212 | ---------- | |
213 | ||
840f6690 | 214 | New versions of util-linux provide ``fdisk`` support for larger disks, |
1da177e4 | 215 | support new options to mount, recognize more supported partition |
821bd43e | 216 | types, and similar goodies. |
1da177e4 LT |
217 | You'll probably want to upgrade. |
218 | ||
219 | Ksymoops | |
220 | -------- | |
221 | ||
62a07e6e JJ |
222 | If the unthinkable happens and your kernel oopses, you may need the |
223 | ksymoops tool to decode it, but in most cases you don't. | |
840f6690 | 224 | It is generally preferred to build the kernel with ``CONFIG_KALLSYMS`` so |
5adaf851 LT |
225 | that it produces readable dumps that can be used as-is (this also |
226 | produces better output than ksymoops). If for some reason your kernel | |
840f6690 | 227 | is not build with ``CONFIG_KALLSYMS`` and you have no way to rebuild and |
5adaf851 LT |
228 | reproduce the Oops with that option, then you can still decode that Oops |
229 | with ksymoops. | |
1da177e4 | 230 | |
1da177e4 LT |
231 | Mkinitrd |
232 | -------- | |
233 | ||
840f6690 | 234 | These changes to the ``/lib/modules`` file tree layout also require that |
1da177e4 LT |
235 | mkinitrd be upgraded. |
236 | ||
237 | E2fsprogs | |
238 | --------- | |
239 | ||
840f6690 | 240 | The latest version of ``e2fsprogs`` fixes several bugs in fsck and |
1da177e4 LT |
241 | debugfs. Obviously, it's a good idea to upgrade. |
242 | ||
243 | JFSutils | |
244 | -------- | |
245 | ||
840f6690 | 246 | The ``jfsutils`` package contains the utilities for the file system. |
1da177e4 | 247 | The following utilities are available: |
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248 | |
249 | - ``fsck.jfs`` - initiate replay of the transaction log, and check | |
1da177e4 | 250 | and repair a JFS formatted partition. |
840f6690 MCC |
251 | |
252 | - ``mkfs.jfs`` - create a JFS formatted partition. | |
253 | ||
254 | - other file system utilities are also available in this package. | |
1da177e4 LT |
255 | |
256 | Reiserfsprogs | |
257 | ------------- | |
258 | ||
259 | The reiserfsprogs package should be used for reiserfs-3.6.x | |
260 | (Linux kernels 2.4.x). It is a combined package and contains working | |
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261 | versions of ``mkreiserfs``, ``resize_reiserfs``, ``debugreiserfs`` and |
262 | ``reiserfsck``. These utils work on both i386 and alpha platforms. | |
1da177e4 LT |
263 | |
264 | Xfsprogs | |
265 | -------- | |
266 | ||
840f6690 MCC |
267 | The latest version of ``xfsprogs`` contains ``mkfs.xfs``, ``xfs_db``, and the |
268 | ``xfs_repair`` utilities, among others, for the XFS filesystem. It is | |
1da177e4 LT |
269 | architecture independent and any version from 2.0.0 onward should |
270 | work correctly with this version of the XFS kernel code (2.6.0 or | |
271 | later is recommended, due to some significant improvements). | |
272 | ||
5085cb26 DB |
273 | PCMCIAutils |
274 | ----------- | |
275 | ||
840f6690 | 276 | PCMCIAutils replaces ``pcmcia-cs``. It properly sets up |
5085cb26 DB |
277 | PCMCIA sockets at system startup and loads the appropriate modules |
278 | for 16-bit PCMCIA devices if the kernel is modularized and the hotplug | |
279 | subsystem is used. | |
1da177e4 | 280 | |
1da177e4 LT |
281 | Quota-tools |
282 | ----------- | |
283 | ||
284 | Support for 32 bit uid's and gid's is required if you want to use | |
285 | the newer version 2 quota format. Quota-tools version 3.07 and | |
286 | newer has this support. Use the recommended version or newer | |
287 | from the table above. | |
288 | ||
289 | Intel IA32 microcode | |
290 | -------------------- | |
291 | ||
292 | A driver has been added to allow updating of Intel IA32 microcode, | |
890fbae2 | 293 | accessible as a normal (misc) character device. If you are not using |
1b49ecf2 | 294 | udev you may need to:: |
840f6690 MCC |
295 | |
296 | mkdir /dev/cpu | |
297 | mknod /dev/cpu/microcode c 10 184 | |
298 | chmod 0644 /dev/cpu/microcode | |
1da177e4 LT |
299 | |
300 | as root before you can use this. You'll probably also want to | |
301 | get the user-space microcode_ctl utility to use with this. | |
302 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
303 | udev |
304 | ---- | |
840f6690 MCC |
305 | |
306 | ``udev`` is a userspace application for populating ``/dev`` dynamically with | |
307 | only entries for devices actually present. ``udev`` replaces the basic | |
03a67a46 | 308 | functionality of devfs, while allowing persistent device naming for |
890fbae2 | 309 | devices. |
1da177e4 | 310 | |
909021ea MS |
311 | FUSE |
312 | ---- | |
313 | ||
314 | Needs libfuse 2.4.0 or later. Absolute minimum is 2.3.0 but mount | |
840f6690 | 315 | options ``direct_io`` and ``kernel_cache`` won't work. |
909021ea | 316 | |
1da177e4 | 317 | Networking |
840f6690 | 318 | ********** |
1da177e4 LT |
319 | |
320 | General changes | |
321 | --------------- | |
322 | ||
323 | If you have advanced network configuration needs, you should probably | |
324 | consider using the network tools from ip-route2. | |
325 | ||
326 | Packet Filter / NAT | |
327 | ------------------- | |
328 | The packet filtering and NAT code uses the same tools like the previous 2.4.x | |
329 | kernel series (iptables). It still includes backwards-compatibility modules | |
330 | for 2.2.x-style ipchains and 2.0.x-style ipfwadm. | |
331 | ||
332 | PPP | |
333 | --- | |
334 | ||
335 | The PPP driver has been restructured to support multilink and to | |
336 | enable it to operate over diverse media layers. If you use PPP, | |
337 | upgrade pppd to at least 2.4.0. | |
338 | ||
890fbae2 | 339 | If you are not using udev, you must have the device file /dev/ppp |
1b49ecf2 | 340 | which can be made by:: |
840f6690 MCC |
341 | |
342 | mknod /dev/ppp c 108 0 | |
1da177e4 LT |
343 | |
344 | as root. | |
345 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
346 | NFS-utils |
347 | --------- | |
348 | ||
5adaf851 LT |
349 | In ancient (2.4 and earlier) kernels, the nfs server needed to know |
350 | about any client that expected to be able to access files via NFS. This | |
840f6690 MCC |
351 | information would be given to the kernel by ``mountd`` when the client |
352 | mounted the filesystem, or by ``exportfs`` at system startup. exportfs | |
353 | would take information about active clients from ``/var/lib/nfs/rmtab``. | |
1da177e4 LT |
354 | |
355 | This approach is quite fragile as it depends on rmtab being correct | |
356 | which is not always easy, particularly when trying to implement | |
840f6690 | 357 | fail-over. Even when the system is working well, ``rmtab`` suffers from |
1da177e4 LT |
358 | getting lots of old entries that never get removed. |
359 | ||
5adaf851 LT |
360 | With modern kernels we have the option of having the kernel tell mountd |
361 | when it gets a request from an unknown host, and mountd can give | |
362 | appropriate export information to the kernel. This removes the | |
840f6690 | 363 | dependency on ``rmtab`` and means that the kernel only needs to know about |
5adaf851 | 364 | currently active clients. |
1da177e4 | 365 | |
1b49ecf2 | 366 | To enable this new functionality, you need to:: |
840f6690 | 367 | |
e4121712 | 368 | mount -t nfsd nfsd /proc/fs/nfsd |
1da177e4 LT |
369 | |
370 | before running exportfs or mountd. It is recommended that all NFS | |
371 | services be protected from the internet-at-large by a firewall where | |
372 | that is possible. | |
373 | ||
172d899d AK |
374 | mcelog |
375 | ------ | |
376 | ||
c8c3f7d6 | 377 | On x86 kernels the mcelog utility is needed to process and log machine check |
840f6690 MCC |
378 | events when ``CONFIG_X86_MCE`` is enabled. Machine check events are errors |
379 | reported by the CPU. Processing them is strongly encouraged. | |
172d899d | 380 | |
81f10d19 MCC |
381 | Kernel documentation |
382 | ******************** | |
383 | ||
384 | Sphinx | |
385 | ------ | |
386 | ||
f77af637 | 387 | Please see :ref:`sphinx_install` in :ref:`Documentation/doc-guide/sphinx.rst <sphinxdoc>` |
b8b07b5c | 388 | for details about Sphinx requirements. |
81f10d19 | 389 | |
d07479b2 MO |
390 | rustdoc |
391 | ------- | |
392 | ||
393 | ``rustdoc`` is used to generate the documentation for Rust code. Please see | |
394 | Documentation/rust/general-information.rst for more information. | |
395 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
396 | Getting updated software |
397 | ======================== | |
398 | ||
399 | Kernel compilation | |
400 | ****************** | |
401 | ||
a1365647 AM |
402 | gcc |
403 | --- | |
840f6690 MCC |
404 | |
405 | - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/> | |
1da177e4 | 406 | |
3519c4d6 ND |
407 | Clang/LLVM |
408 | ---------- | |
409 | ||
410 | - :ref:`Getting LLVM <getting_llvm>`. | |
411 | ||
d07479b2 MO |
412 | Rust |
413 | ---- | |
414 | ||
415 | - Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst. | |
416 | ||
417 | bindgen | |
418 | ------- | |
419 | ||
420 | - Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst. | |
421 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
422 | Make |
423 | ---- | |
840f6690 MCC |
424 | |
425 | - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/> | |
1da177e4 | 426 | |
da4288b9 MY |
427 | Bash |
428 | ---- | |
429 | ||
430 | - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/> | |
431 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
432 | Binutils |
433 | -------- | |
840f6690 | 434 | |
3bdadc86 | 435 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/devel/binutils/> |
1da177e4 | 436 | |
033dba2e MY |
437 | Flex |
438 | ---- | |
439 | ||
440 | - <https://github.com/westes/flex/releases> | |
441 | ||
442 | Bison | |
443 | ----- | |
444 | ||
445 | - <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/> | |
446 | ||
3f1d44ae DH |
447 | OpenSSL |
448 | ------- | |
840f6690 MCC |
449 | |
450 | - <https://www.openssl.org/> | |
3f1d44ae | 451 | |
1da177e4 LT |
452 | System utilities |
453 | **************** | |
454 | ||
455 | Util-linux | |
456 | ---------- | |
840f6690 | 457 | |
3bdadc86 | 458 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/> |
1da177e4 | 459 | |
934193a6 RD |
460 | Kmod |
461 | ---- | |
462 | ||
463 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/kmod/> | |
464 | - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/kernel/kmod/kmod.git> | |
465 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
466 | Ksymoops |
467 | -------- | |
840f6690 | 468 | |
3bdadc86 | 469 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/ksymoops/v2.4/> |
1da177e4 | 470 | |
1da177e4 LT |
471 | Mkinitrd |
472 | -------- | |
840f6690 MCC |
473 | |
474 | - <https://code.launchpad.net/initrd-tools/main> | |
1da177e4 LT |
475 | |
476 | E2fsprogs | |
477 | --------- | |
840f6690 | 478 | |
599e6f8d RD |
479 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/tytso/e2fsprogs/> |
480 | - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/ext2/e2fsprogs.git/> | |
1da177e4 LT |
481 | |
482 | JFSutils | |
483 | -------- | |
840f6690 | 484 | |
383f3088 | 485 | - <https://jfs.sourceforge.net/> |
1da177e4 LT |
486 | |
487 | Reiserfsprogs | |
488 | ------------- | |
840f6690 | 489 | |
599e6f8d | 490 | - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jeffm/reiserfsprogs.git/> |
1da177e4 LT |
491 | |
492 | Xfsprogs | |
493 | -------- | |
840f6690 | 494 | |
599e6f8d RD |
495 | - <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/xfs/xfsprogs-dev.git> |
496 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/fs/xfs/xfsprogs/> | |
1da177e4 | 497 | |
5085cb26 DB |
498 | Pcmciautils |
499 | ----------- | |
840f6690 | 500 | |
3bdadc86 | 501 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/pcmcia/> |
5085cb26 | 502 | |
1da177e4 | 503 | Quota-tools |
840f6690 MCC |
504 | ----------- |
505 | ||
383f3088 | 506 | - <https://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxquota/> |
1da177e4 | 507 | |
8b0c2d98 | 508 | |
1da177e4 LT |
509 | Intel P6 microcode |
510 | ------------------ | |
840f6690 MCC |
511 | |
512 | - <https://downloadcenter.intel.com/> | |
1da177e4 | 513 | |
1da177e4 LT |
514 | udev |
515 | ---- | |
840f6690 | 516 | |
e7b4311e | 517 | - <https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/udev.html> |
1da177e4 | 518 | |
909021ea MS |
519 | FUSE |
520 | ---- | |
840f6690 | 521 | |
86afad7d | 522 | - <https://github.com/libfuse/libfuse/releases> |
909021ea | 523 | |
172d899d AK |
524 | mcelog |
525 | ------ | |
840f6690 | 526 | |
383f3088 | 527 | - <https://www.mcelog.org/> |
172d899d | 528 | |
69ef0920 BMG |
529 | cpio |
530 | ---- | |
531 | ||
532 | - <https://www.gnu.org/software/cpio/> | |
533 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
534 | Networking |
535 | ********** | |
536 | ||
537 | PPP | |
538 | --- | |
840f6690 | 539 | |
599e6f8d RD |
540 | - <https://download.samba.org/pub/ppp/> |
541 | - <https://git.ozlabs.org/?p=ppp.git> | |
542 | - <https://github.com/paulusmack/ppp/> | |
1da177e4 | 543 | |
1da177e4 LT |
544 | NFS-utils |
545 | --------- | |
840f6690 | 546 | |
383f3088 SP |
547 | - <https://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=14> |
548 | - <https://nfs.sourceforge.net/> | |
1da177e4 LT |
549 | |
550 | Iptables | |
551 | -------- | |
840f6690 | 552 | |
599e6f8d | 553 | - <https://netfilter.org/projects/iptables/index.html> |
1da177e4 LT |
554 | |
555 | Ip-route2 | |
556 | --------- | |
840f6690 MCC |
557 | |
558 | - <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/net/iproute2/> | |
1da177e4 LT |
559 | |
560 | OProfile | |
561 | -------- | |
840f6690 | 562 | |
383f3088 | 563 | - <https://oprofile.sf.net/download/> |
81f10d19 MCC |
564 | |
565 | Kernel documentation | |
566 | ******************** | |
567 | ||
568 | Sphinx | |
569 | ------ | |
570 | ||
e7b4311e | 571 | - <https://www.sphinx-doc.org/> |