Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
e53dd083 MCC |
1 | Kernel Parameters |
2 | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
1da177e4 LT |
3 | |
4 | The following is a consolidated list of the kernel parameters as implemented | |
5 | (mostly) by the __setup() macro and sorted into English Dictionary order | |
6 | (defined as ignoring all punctuation and sorting digits before letters in a | |
7 | case insensitive manner), and with descriptions where known. | |
8 | ||
9 | Module parameters for loadable modules are specified only as the | |
10 | parameter name with optional '=' and value as appropriate, such as: | |
11 | ||
12 | modprobe usbcore blinkenlights=1 | |
13 | ||
14 | Module parameters for modules that are built into the kernel image | |
15 | are specified on the kernel command line with the module name plus | |
16 | '.' plus parameter name, with '=' and value if appropriate, such as: | |
17 | ||
18 | usbcore.blinkenlights=1 | |
19 | ||
ca1eda2d RD |
20 | Hyphens (dashes) and underscores are equivalent in parameter names, so |
21 | log_buf_len=1M print-fatal-signals=1 | |
22 | can also be entered as | |
23 | log-buf-len=1M print_fatal_signals=1 | |
24 | ||
25 | ||
a901ebb9 SR |
26 | This document may not be entirely up to date and comprehensive. The command |
27 | "modinfo -p ${modulename}" shows a current list of all parameters of a loadable | |
28 | module. Loadable modules, after being loaded into the running kernel, also | |
29 | reveal their parameters in /sys/module/${modulename}/parameters/. Some of these | |
30 | parameters may be changed at runtime by the command | |
31 | "echo -n ${value} > /sys/module/${modulename}/parameters/${parm}". | |
32 | ||
6585fa8a SR |
33 | The parameters listed below are only valid if certain kernel build options were |
34 | enabled and if respective hardware is present. The text in square brackets at | |
35 | the beginning of each description states the restrictions within which a | |
36 | parameter is applicable: | |
1da177e4 LT |
37 | |
38 | ACPI ACPI support is enabled. | |
c99c108a | 39 | AGP AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) is enabled. |
1da177e4 LT |
40 | ALSA ALSA sound support is enabled. |
41 | APIC APIC support is enabled. | |
42 | APM Advanced Power Management support is enabled. | |
e7ba176b | 43 | AVR32 AVR32 architecture is enabled. |
1da177e4 | 44 | AX25 Appropriate AX.25 support is enabled. |
0ae53640 | 45 | BLACKFIN Blackfin architecture is enabled. |
a9913044 | 46 | DRM Direct Rendering Management support is enabled. |
1da177e4 LT |
47 | EDD BIOS Enhanced Disk Drive Services (EDD) is enabled |
48 | EFI EFI Partitioning (GPT) is enabled | |
49 | EIDE EIDE/ATAPI support is enabled. | |
50 | FB The frame buffer device is enabled. | |
2521f2c2 | 51 | GCOV GCOV profiling is enabled. |
1da177e4 | 52 | HW Appropriate hardware is enabled. |
1da177e4 | 53 | IA-64 IA-64 architecture is enabled. |
6146f0d5 | 54 | IMA Integrity measurement architecture is enabled. |
1da177e4 | 55 | IOSCHED More than one I/O scheduler is enabled. |
41e2e8be | 56 | IP_PNP IP DHCP, BOOTP, or RARP is enabled. |
1da177e4 LT |
57 | ISAPNP ISA PnP code is enabled. |
58 | ISDN Appropriate ISDN support is enabled. | |
59 | JOY Appropriate joystick support is enabled. | |
11ef697b | 60 | LIBATA Libata driver is enabled |
1da177e4 LT |
61 | LP Printer support is enabled. |
62 | LOOP Loopback device support is enabled. | |
63 | M68k M68k architecture is enabled. | |
64 | These options have more detailed description inside of | |
65 | Documentation/m68k/kernel-options.txt. | |
66 | MCA MCA bus support is enabled. | |
67 | MDA MDA console support is enabled. | |
68 | MOUSE Appropriate mouse support is enabled. | |
309e57df | 69 | MSI Message Signaled Interrupts (PCI). |
c8facbb6 | 70 | MTD MTD (Memory Technology Device) support is enabled. |
1da177e4 LT |
71 | NET Appropriate network support is enabled. |
72 | NUMA NUMA support is enabled. | |
734efb46 | 73 | GENERIC_TIME The generic timeofday code is enabled. |
1da177e4 LT |
74 | NFS Appropriate NFS support is enabled. |
75 | OSS OSS sound support is enabled. | |
c8facbb6 RD |
76 | PV_OPS A paravirtualized kernel is enabled. |
77 | PARIDE The ParIDE (parallel port IDE) subsystem is enabled. | |
1da177e4 LT |
78 | PARISC The PA-RISC architecture is enabled. |
79 | PCI PCI bus support is enabled. | |
7f785763 | 80 | PCIE PCI Express support is enabled. |
1da177e4 LT |
81 | PCMCIA The PCMCIA subsystem is enabled. |
82 | PNP Plug & Play support is enabled. | |
83 | PPC PowerPC architecture is enabled. | |
84 | PPT Parallel port support is enabled. | |
85 | PS2 Appropriate PS/2 support is enabled. | |
86 | RAM RAM disk support is enabled. | |
20510f2f | 87 | ROOTPLUG The example Root Plug LSM is enabled. |
1da177e4 LT |
88 | S390 S390 architecture is enabled. |
89 | SCSI Appropriate SCSI support is enabled. | |
90 | A lot of drivers has their options described inside of | |
91 | Documentation/scsi/. | |
20510f2f | 92 | SECURITY Different security models are enabled. |
1da177e4 LT |
93 | SELINUX SELinux support is enabled. |
94 | SERIAL Serial support is enabled. | |
e523d93c | 95 | SH SuperH architecture is enabled. |
1da177e4 LT |
96 | SMP The kernel is an SMP kernel. |
97 | SPARC Sparc architecture is enabled. | |
77437fd4 DB |
98 | SWSUSP Software suspend (hibernation) is enabled. |
99 | SUSPEND System suspend states are enabled. | |
f38f1d2a | 100 | FTRACE Function tracing enabled. |
1da177e4 | 101 | TS Appropriate touchscreen support is enabled. |
d4f373e5 | 102 | UMS USB Mass Storage support is enabled. |
1da177e4 LT |
103 | USB USB support is enabled. |
104 | USBHID USB Human Interface Device support is enabled. | |
105 | V4L Video For Linux support is enabled. | |
106 | VGA The VGA console has been enabled. | |
107 | VT Virtual terminal support is enabled. | |
108 | WDT Watchdog support is enabled. | |
109 | XT IBM PC/XT MFM hard disk support is enabled. | |
cd4f0ef7 | 110 | X86-32 X86-32, aka i386 architecture is enabled. |
1da177e4 LT |
111 | X86-64 X86-64 architecture is enabled. |
112 | More X86-64 boot options can be found in | |
71cced6e | 113 | Documentation/x86/x86_64/boot-options.txt . |
c0115606 | 114 | X86 Either 32bit or 64bit x86 (same as X86-32+X86-64) |
1da177e4 LT |
115 | |
116 | In addition, the following text indicates that the option: | |
117 | ||
118 | BUGS= Relates to possible processor bugs on the said processor. | |
119 | KNL Is a kernel start-up parameter. | |
120 | BOOT Is a boot loader parameter. | |
121 | ||
122 | Parameters denoted with BOOT are actually interpreted by the boot | |
123 | loader, and have no meaning to the kernel directly. | |
124 | Do not modify the syntax of boot loader parameters without extreme | |
954a8b81 | 125 | need or coordination with <Documentation/x86/boot.txt>. |
1da177e4 | 126 | |
5558870b | 127 | There are also arch-specific kernel-parameters not documented here. |
71cced6e | 128 | See for example <Documentation/x86/x86_64/boot-options.txt>. |
5558870b | 129 | |
1da177e4 LT |
130 | Note that ALL kernel parameters listed below are CASE SENSITIVE, and that |
131 | a trailing = on the name of any parameter states that that parameter will | |
132 | be entered as an environment variable, whereas its absence indicates that | |
133 | it will appear as a kernel argument readable via /proc/cmdline by programs | |
134 | running once the system is up. | |
135 | ||
9c4751fd | 136 | The number of kernel parameters is not limited, but the length of the |
137 | complete command line (parameters including spaces etc.) is limited to | |
138 | a fixed number of characters. This limit depends on the architecture | |
139 | and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file | |
140 | ./include/asm/setup.h as COMMAND_LINE_SIZE. | |
141 | ||
142 | ||
6cececfc | 143 | acpi= [HW,ACPI,X86] |
03d926f8 | 144 | Advanced Configuration and Power Interface |
af23f573 | 145 | Format: { force | off | ht | strict | noirq | rsdt } |
1da177e4 LT |
146 | force -- enable ACPI if default was off |
147 | off -- disable ACPI if default was on | |
148 | noirq -- do not use ACPI for IRQ routing | |
149 | ht -- run only enough ACPI to enable Hyper Threading | |
a9913044 | 150 | strict -- Be less tolerant of platforms that are not |
1da177e4 | 151 | strictly ACPI specification compliant. |
237889bf | 152 | rsdt -- prefer RSDT over (default) XSDT |
1da177e4 | 153 | |
53471121 | 154 | See also Documentation/power/pm.txt, pci=noacpi |
1da177e4 | 155 | |
a1fdcc0d LB |
156 | acpi_apic_instance= [ACPI, IOAPIC] |
157 | Format: <int> | |
158 | 2: use 2nd APIC table, if available | |
159 | 1,0: use 1st APIC table | |
4e381a4f | 160 | default: 0 |
a1fdcc0d | 161 | |
c3d6de69 TR |
162 | acpi_backlight= [HW,ACPI] |
163 | acpi_backlight=vendor | |
164 | acpi_backlight=video | |
165 | If set to vendor, prefer vendor specific driver | |
166 | (e.g. thinkpad_acpi, sony_acpi, etc.) instead | |
167 | of the ACPI video.ko driver. | |
168 | ||
a0d84a92 BH |
169 | acpi.debug_layer= [HW,ACPI,ACPI_DEBUG] |
170 | acpi.debug_level= [HW,ACPI,ACPI_DEBUG] | |
1da177e4 | 171 | Format: <int> |
a0d84a92 BH |
172 | CONFIG_ACPI_DEBUG must be enabled to produce any ACPI |
173 | debug output. Bits in debug_layer correspond to a | |
174 | _COMPONENT in an ACPI source file, e.g., | |
175 | #define _COMPONENT ACPI_PCI_COMPONENT | |
176 | Bits in debug_level correspond to a level in | |
177 | ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT statements, e.g., | |
178 | ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_INFO, ... | |
e76f4276 BH |
179 | The debug_level mask defaults to "info". See |
180 | Documentation/acpi/debug.txt for more information about | |
181 | debug layers and levels. | |
a0d84a92 | 182 | |
e76f4276 BH |
183 | Enable processor driver info messages: |
184 | acpi.debug_layer=0x20000000 | |
185 | Enable PCI/PCI interrupt routing info messages: | |
186 | acpi.debug_layer=0x400000 | |
a0d84a92 BH |
187 | Enable AML "Debug" output, i.e., stores to the Debug |
188 | object while interpreting AML: | |
189 | acpi.debug_layer=0xffffffff acpi.debug_level=0x2 | |
a0d84a92 BH |
190 | Enable all messages related to ACPI hardware: |
191 | acpi.debug_layer=0x2 acpi.debug_level=0xffffffff | |
192 | ||
193 | Some values produce so much output that the system is | |
194 | unusable. The "log_buf_len" parameter may be useful | |
195 | if you need to capture more output. | |
f989106c | 196 | |
0cb55ad2 RD |
197 | acpi_display_output= [HW,ACPI] |
198 | acpi_display_output=vendor | |
199 | acpi_display_output=video | |
200 | See above. | |
201 | ||
202 | acpi_irq_balance [HW,ACPI] | |
203 | ACPI will balance active IRQs | |
204 | default in APIC mode | |
205 | ||
206 | acpi_irq_nobalance [HW,ACPI] | |
207 | ACPI will not move active IRQs (default) | |
208 | default in PIC mode | |
209 | ||
210 | acpi_irq_isa= [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, mark listed IRQs used by ISA | |
211 | Format: <irq>,<irq>... | |
212 | ||
213 | acpi_irq_pci= [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, clear listed IRQs for | |
214 | use by PCI | |
215 | Format: <irq>,<irq>... | |
216 | ||
217 | acpi_no_auto_ssdt [HW,ACPI] Disable automatic loading of SSDT | |
218 | ||
219 | acpi_os_name= [HW,ACPI] Tell ACPI BIOS the name of the OS | |
220 | Format: To spoof as Windows 98: ="Microsoft Windows" | |
221 | ||
222 | acpi_osi= [HW,ACPI] Modify list of supported OS interface strings | |
223 | acpi_osi="string1" # add string1 -- only one string | |
224 | acpi_osi="!string2" # remove built-in string2 | |
225 | acpi_osi= # disable all strings | |
226 | ||
6cececfc | 227 | acpi_pm_good [X86] |
0cb55ad2 RD |
228 | Override the pmtimer bug detection: force the kernel |
229 | to assume that this machine's pmtimer latches its value | |
230 | and always returns good values. | |
231 | ||
f5adfaa3 ZY |
232 | acpi.power_nocheck= [HW,ACPI] |
233 | Format: 1/0 enable/disable the check of power state. | |
234 | On some bogus BIOS the _PSC object/_STA object of | |
235 | power resource can't return the correct device power | |
236 | state. In such case it is unneccessary to check its | |
237 | power state again in power transition. | |
238 | 1 : disable the power state check | |
239 | ||
4af94f39 RD |
240 | acpi_sci= [HW,ACPI] ACPI System Control Interrupt trigger mode |
241 | Format: { level | edge | high | low } | |
242 | ||
243 | acpi_serialize [HW,ACPI] force serialization of AML methods | |
244 | ||
245 | acpi_skip_timer_override [HW,ACPI] | |
246 | Recognize and ignore IRQ0/pin2 Interrupt Override. | |
247 | For broken nForce2 BIOS resulting in XT-PIC timer. | |
248 | ||
249 | acpi_sleep= [HW,ACPI] Sleep options | |
250 | Format: { s3_bios, s3_mode, s3_beep, s4_nohwsig, | |
251 | old_ordering, s4_nonvs } | |
252 | See Documentation/power/video.txt for information on | |
253 | s3_bios and s3_mode. | |
254 | s3_beep is for debugging; it makes the PC's speaker beep | |
255 | as soon as the kernel's real-mode entry point is called. | |
256 | s4_nohwsig prevents ACPI hardware signature from being | |
257 | used during resume from hibernation. | |
258 | old_ordering causes the ACPI 1.0 ordering of the _PTS | |
259 | control method, with respect to putting devices into | |
260 | low power states, to be enforced (the ACPI 2.0 ordering | |
261 | of _PTS is used by default). | |
262 | s4_nonvs prevents the kernel from saving/restoring the | |
263 | ACPI NVS memory during hibernation. | |
264 | ||
265 | acpi_use_timer_override [HW,ACPI] | |
266 | Use timer override. For some broken Nvidia NF5 boards | |
267 | that require a timer override, but don't have HPET | |
268 | ||
7e90560c LT |
269 | acpi_enforce_resources= [ACPI] |
270 | { strict | lax | no } | |
271 | Check for resource conflicts between native drivers | |
272 | and ACPI OperationRegions (SystemIO and SystemMemory | |
273 | only). IO ports and memory declared in ACPI might be | |
274 | used by the ACPI subsystem in arbitrary AML code and | |
275 | can interfere with legacy drivers. | |
276 | strict (default): access to resources claimed by ACPI | |
277 | is denied; legacy drivers trying to access reserved | |
278 | resources will fail to bind to device using them. | |
279 | lax: access to resources claimed by ACPI is allowed; | |
280 | legacy drivers trying to access reserved resources | |
281 | will bind successfully but a warning message is logged. | |
282 | no: ACPI OperationRegions are not marked as reserved, | |
283 | no further checks are performed. | |
284 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
285 | ad1848= [HW,OSS] |
286 | Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<type> | |
287 | ||
4af94f39 RD |
288 | add_efi_memmap [EFI; X86] Include EFI memory map in |
289 | kernel's map of available physical RAM. | |
290 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
291 | advansys= [HW,SCSI] |
292 | See header of drivers/scsi/advansys.c. | |
293 | ||
294 | advwdt= [HW,WDT] Advantech WDT | |
295 | Format: <iostart>,<iostop> | |
296 | ||
297 | aedsp16= [HW,OSS] Audio Excel DSP 16 | |
298 | Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq> | |
299 | See also header of sound/oss/aedsp16.c. | |
a9913044 | 300 | |
0cb55ad2 RD |
301 | agp= [AGP] |
302 | { off | try_unsupported } | |
303 | off: disable AGP support | |
304 | try_unsupported: try to drive unsupported chipsets | |
305 | (may crash computer or cause data corruption) | |
306 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
307 | aha152x= [HW,SCSI] |
308 | See Documentation/scsi/aha152x.txt. | |
309 | ||
310 | aha1542= [HW,SCSI] | |
311 | Format: <portbase>[,<buson>,<busoff>[,<dmaspeed>]] | |
312 | ||
313 | aic7xxx= [HW,SCSI] | |
314 | See Documentation/scsi/aic7xxx.txt. | |
315 | ||
316 | aic79xx= [HW,SCSI] | |
317 | See Documentation/scsi/aic79xx.txt. | |
318 | ||
54b4cbd2 JR |
319 | amd_iommu= [HW,X86-84] |
320 | Pass parameters to the AMD IOMMU driver in the system. | |
321 | Possible values are: | |
54b4cbd2 JR |
322 | isolate - enable device isolation (each device, as far |
323 | as possible, will get its own protection | |
3ce1f93c | 324 | domain) [default] |
e5e1f606 JR |
325 | share - put every device behind one IOMMU into the |
326 | same protection domain | |
afa9fdc2 FT |
327 | fullflush - enable flushing of IO/TLB entries when |
328 | they are unmapped. Otherwise they are | |
329 | flushed before they will be reused, which | |
330 | is a lot of faster | |
331 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
332 | amijoy.map= [HW,JOY] Amiga joystick support |
333 | Map of devices attached to JOY0DAT and JOY1DAT | |
334 | Format: <a>,<b> | |
335 | See also Documentation/kernel/input/joystick.txt | |
336 | ||
337 | analog.map= [HW,JOY] Analog joystick and gamepad support | |
338 | Specifies type or capabilities of an analog joystick | |
339 | connected to one of 16 gameports | |
340 | Format: <type1>,<type2>,..<type16> | |
341 | ||
a9913044 RD |
342 | apc= [HW,SPARC] |
343 | Power management functions (SPARCstation-4/5 + deriv.) | |
1da177e4 LT |
344 | Format: noidle |
345 | Disable APC CPU standby support. SPARCstation-Fox does | |
346 | not play well with APC CPU idle - disable it if you have | |
347 | APC and your system crashes randomly. | |
348 | ||
ca1eda2d | 349 | apic= [APIC,X86-32] Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller |
c8facbb6 | 350 | Change the output verbosity whilst booting |
1da177e4 LT |
351 | Format: { quiet (default) | verbose | debug } |
352 | Change the amount of debugging information output | |
353 | when initialising the APIC and IO-APIC components. | |
a9913044 | 354 | |
1da177e4 | 355 | apm= [APM] Advanced Power Management |
71f77055 | 356 | See header of arch/x86/kernel/apm_32.c. |
1da177e4 | 357 | |
1da177e4 LT |
358 | arcrimi= [HW,NET] ARCnet - "RIM I" (entirely mem-mapped) cards |
359 | Format: <io>,<irq>,<nodeID> | |
360 | ||
361 | ataflop= [HW,M68k] | |
362 | ||
363 | atarimouse= [HW,MOUSE] Atari Mouse | |
364 | ||
365 | atascsi= [HW,SCSI] Atari SCSI | |
366 | ||
367 | atkbd.extra= [HW] Enable extra LEDs and keys on IBM RapidAccess, | |
368 | EzKey and similar keyboards | |
369 | ||
370 | atkbd.reset= [HW] Reset keyboard during initialization | |
371 | ||
a9913044 RD |
372 | atkbd.set= [HW] Select keyboard code set |
373 | Format: <int> (2 = AT (default), 3 = PS/2) | |
1da177e4 LT |
374 | |
375 | atkbd.scroll= [HW] Enable scroll wheel on MS Office and similar | |
376 | keyboards | |
377 | ||
378 | atkbd.softraw= [HW] Choose between synthetic and real raw mode | |
379 | Format: <bool> (0 = real, 1 = synthetic (default)) | |
a9913044 RD |
380 | |
381 | atkbd.softrepeat= [HW] | |
382 | Use software keyboard repeat | |
1da177e4 LT |
383 | |
384 | autotest [IA64] | |
385 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
386 | baycom_epp= [HW,AX25] |
387 | Format: <io>,<mode> | |
a9913044 | 388 | |
1da177e4 LT |
389 | baycom_par= [HW,AX25] BayCom Parallel Port AX.25 Modem |
390 | Format: <io>,<mode> | |
391 | See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_par.c. | |
392 | ||
a9913044 RD |
393 | baycom_ser_fdx= [HW,AX25] |
394 | BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Full Duplex Mode) | |
1da177e4 LT |
395 | Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>[,<baud>] |
396 | See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_fdx.c. | |
397 | ||
a9913044 RD |
398 | baycom_ser_hdx= [HW,AX25] |
399 | BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Half Duplex Mode) | |
1da177e4 LT |
400 | Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode> |
401 | See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_hdx.c. | |
402 | ||
bfe8df3d RD |
403 | boot_delay= Milliseconds to delay each printk during boot. |
404 | Values larger than 10 seconds (10000) are changed to | |
405 | no delay (0). | |
406 | Format: integer | |
407 | ||
35fc908d AH |
408 | bootmem_debug [KNL] Enable bootmem allocator debug messages. |
409 | ||
1da177e4 | 410 | bttv.card= [HW,V4L] bttv (bt848 + bt878 based grabber cards) |
a9913044 RD |
411 | bttv.radio= Most important insmod options are available as |
412 | kernel args too. | |
1da177e4 LT |
413 | bttv.pll= See Documentation/video4linux/bttv/Insmod-options |
414 | bttv.tuner= and Documentation/video4linux/bttv/CARDLIST | |
415 | ||
416 | BusLogic= [HW,SCSI] | |
417 | See drivers/scsi/BusLogic.c, comment before function | |
418 | BusLogic_ParseDriverOptions(). | |
419 | ||
420 | c101= [NET] Moxa C101 synchronous serial card | |
421 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 422 | cachesize= [BUGS=X86-32] Override level 2 CPU cache size detection. |
1da177e4 LT |
423 | Sometimes CPU hardware bugs make them report the cache |
424 | size incorrectly. The kernel will attempt work arounds | |
425 | to fix known problems, but for some CPUs it is not | |
426 | possible to determine what the correct size should be. | |
427 | This option provides an override for these situations. | |
428 | ||
20510f2f JM |
429 | capability.disable= |
430 | [SECURITY] Disable capabilities. This would normally | |
431 | be used only if an alternative security model is to be | |
432 | configured. Potentially dangerous and should only be | |
433 | used if you are entirely sure of the consequences. | |
434 | ||
14ff56bb SO |
435 | ccw_timeout_log [S390] |
436 | See Documentation/s390/CommonIO for details. | |
1da177e4 | 437 | |
8bab8dde PM |
438 | cgroup_disable= [KNL] Disable a particular controller |
439 | Format: {name of the controller(s) to disable} | |
440 | {Currently supported controllers - "memory"} | |
441 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
442 | checkreqprot [SELINUX] Set initial checkreqprot flag value. |
443 | Format: { "0" | "1" } | |
444 | See security/selinux/Kconfig help text. | |
a9913044 RD |
445 | 0 -- check protection applied by kernel (includes |
446 | any implied execute protection). | |
1da177e4 LT |
447 | 1 -- check protection requested by application. |
448 | Default value is set via a kernel config option. | |
a9913044 RD |
449 | Value can be changed at runtime via |
450 | /selinux/checkreqprot. | |
451 | ||
661ca0da SO |
452 | cio_ignore= [S390] |
453 | See Documentation/s390/CommonIO for details. | |
454 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 455 | clock= [BUGS=X86-32, HW] gettimeofday clocksource override. |
734efb46 | 456 | [Deprecated] |
3f6dee9b | 457 | Forces specified clocksource (if available) to be used |
734efb46 | 458 | when calculating gettimeofday(). If specified |
3f6dee9b | 459 | clocksource is not available, it defaults to PIT. |
1da177e4 LT |
460 | Format: { pit | tsc | cyclone | pmtmr } |
461 | ||
3d6ac984 RD |
462 | clocksource= [GENERIC_TIME] Override the default clocksource |
463 | Format: <string> | |
464 | Override the default clocksource and use the clocksource | |
465 | with the name specified. | |
466 | Some clocksource names to choose from, depending on | |
467 | the platform: | |
468 | [all] jiffies (this is the base, fallback clocksource) | |
469 | [ACPI] acpi_pm | |
470 | [ARM] imx_timer1,OSTS,netx_timer,mpu_timer2, | |
471 | pxa_timer,timer3,32k_counter,timer0_1 | |
472 | [AVR32] avr32 | |
cd4f0ef7 | 473 | [X86-32] pit,hpet,tsc,vmi-timer; |
3d6ac984 RD |
474 | scx200_hrt on Geode; cyclone on IBM x440 |
475 | [MIPS] MIPS | |
476 | [PARISC] cr16 | |
477 | [S390] tod | |
478 | [SH] SuperH | |
479 | [SPARC64] tick | |
480 | [X86-64] hpet,tsc | |
481 | ||
ac72e788 AK |
482 | clearcpuid=BITNUM [X86] |
483 | Disable CPUID feature X for the kernel. See | |
07983f0e RD |
484 | arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeature.h for the valid bit |
485 | numbers. Note the Linux specific bits are not necessarily | |
ac72e788 AK |
486 | stable over kernel options, but the vendor specific |
487 | ones should be. | |
488 | Also note that user programs calling CPUID directly | |
489 | or using the feature without checking anything | |
490 | will still see it. This just prevents it from | |
491 | being used by the kernel or shown in /proc/cpuinfo. | |
492 | Also note the kernel might malfunction if you disable | |
493 | some critical bits. | |
494 | ||
14f966e7 RJ |
495 | cmo_free_hint= [PPC] Format: { yes | no } |
496 | Specify whether pages are marked as being inactive | |
497 | when they are freed. This is used in CMO environments | |
498 | to determine OS memory pressure for page stealing by | |
499 | a hypervisor. | |
500 | Default: yes | |
501 | ||
6cececfc | 502 | code_bytes [X86] How many bytes of object code to print |
a25bd949 | 503 | in an oops report. |
86c41837 CE |
504 | Range: 0 - 8192 |
505 | Default: 64 | |
506 | ||
1da177e4 | 507 | com20020= [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM20020 chipset |
a9913044 RD |
508 | Format: |
509 | <io>[,<irq>[,<nodeID>[,<backplane>[,<ckp>[,<timeout>]]]]] | |
1da177e4 LT |
510 | |
511 | com90io= [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (IO-mapped buffers) | |
512 | Format: <io>[,<irq>] | |
513 | ||
a9913044 RD |
514 | com90xx= [HW,NET] |
515 | ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (memory-mapped buffers) | |
1da177e4 LT |
516 | Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<memstart>]] |
517 | ||
518 | condev= [HW,S390] console device | |
519 | conmode= | |
a9913044 | 520 | |
1da177e4 LT |
521 | console= [KNL] Output console device and options. |
522 | ||
523 | tty<n> Use the virtual console device <n>. | |
524 | ||
525 | ttyS<n>[,options] | |
f1a1c2dc | 526 | ttyUSB0[,options] |
1da177e4 | 527 | Use the specified serial port. The options are of |
f1a1c2dc RD |
528 | the form "bbbbpnf", where "bbbb" is the baud rate, |
529 | "p" is parity ("n", "o", or "e"), "n" is number of | |
530 | bits, and "f" is flow control ("r" for RTS or | |
531 | omit it). Default is "9600n8". | |
532 | ||
533 | See Documentation/serial-console.txt for more | |
534 | information. See | |
535 | Documentation/networking/netconsole.txt for an | |
536 | alternative. | |
1da177e4 | 537 | |
18a8bd94 YL |
538 | uart[8250],io,<addr>[,options] |
539 | uart[8250],mmio,<addr>[,options] | |
1da177e4 LT |
540 | Start an early, polled-mode console on the 8250/16550 |
541 | UART at the specified I/O port or MMIO address, | |
542 | switching to the matching ttyS device later. The | |
543 | options are the same as for ttyS, above. | |
544 | ||
f7511d5f ST |
545 | If the device connected to the port is not a TTY but a braille |
546 | device, prepend "brl," before the device type, for instance | |
547 | console=brl,ttyS0 | |
548 | For now, only VisioBraille is supported. | |
549 | ||
f324edc8 DM |
550 | consoleblank= [KNL] The console blank (screen saver) timeout in |
551 | seconds. Defaults to 10*60 = 10mins. A value of 0 | |
552 | disables the blank timer. | |
553 | ||
4cb0e11b HK |
554 | coredump_filter= |
555 | [KNL] Change the default value for | |
556 | /proc/<pid>/coredump_filter. | |
557 | See also Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt. | |
558 | ||
1da177e4 | 559 | cpcihp_generic= [HW,PCI] Generic port I/O CompactPCI driver |
a9913044 RD |
560 | Format: |
561 | <first_slot>,<last_slot>,<port>,<enum_bit>[,<debug>] | |
1da177e4 | 562 | |
dc009d92 EB |
563 | crashkernel=nn[KMG]@ss[KMG] |
564 | [KNL] Reserve a chunk of physical memory to | |
565 | hold a kernel to switch to with kexec on panic. | |
566 | ||
fb391599 BW |
567 | crashkernel=range1:size1[,range2:size2,...][@offset] |
568 | [KNL] Same as above, but depends on the memory | |
569 | in the running system. The syntax of range is | |
570 | start-[end] where start and end are both | |
571 | a memory unit (amount[KMG]). See also | |
572 | Documentation/kdump/kdump.txt for a example. | |
573 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
574 | cs89x0_dma= [HW,NET] |
575 | Format: <dma> | |
576 | ||
577 | cs89x0_media= [HW,NET] | |
578 | Format: { rj45 | aui | bnc } | |
a9913044 | 579 | |
a9913044 | 580 | dasd= [HW,NET] |
1da177e4 LT |
581 | See header of drivers/s390/block/dasd_devmap.c. |
582 | ||
583 | db9.dev[2|3]= [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick support via parallel port | |
584 | (one device per port) | |
585 | Format: <port#>,<type> | |
586 | See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt | |
587 | ||
588 | debug [KNL] Enable kernel debugging (events log level). | |
589 | ||
cae2ed9a IM |
590 | debug_locks_verbose= |
591 | [KNL] verbose self-tests | |
592 | Format=<0|1> | |
593 | Print debugging info while doing the locking API | |
594 | self-tests. | |
595 | We default to 0 (no extra messages), setting it to | |
596 | 1 will print _a lot_ more information - normally | |
597 | only useful to kernel developers. | |
598 | ||
3ac7fe5a TG |
599 | debug_objects [KNL] Enable object debugging |
600 | ||
3e8ebb5c KM |
601 | no_debug_objects |
602 | [KNL] Disable object debugging | |
603 | ||
d3af01f1 TG |
604 | debugpat [X86] Enable PAT debugging |
605 | ||
2d27a966 | 606 | decnet.addr= [HW,NET] |
1da177e4 LT |
607 | Format: <area>[,<node>] |
608 | See also Documentation/networking/decnet.txt. | |
609 | ||
0cb55ad2 RD |
610 | default_hugepagesz= |
611 | [same as hugepagesz=] The size of the default | |
612 | HugeTLB page size. This is the size represented by | |
613 | the legacy /proc/ hugepages APIs, used for SHM, and | |
614 | default size when mounting hugetlbfs filesystems. | |
615 | Defaults to the default architecture's huge page size | |
616 | if not specified. | |
55ff9780 | 617 | |
1da177e4 LT |
618 | dhash_entries= [KNL] |
619 | Set number of hash buckets for dentry cache. | |
a9913044 | 620 | |
1da177e4 LT |
621 | digi= [HW,SERIAL] |
622 | IO parameters + enable/disable command. | |
623 | ||
624 | digiepca= [HW,SERIAL] | |
625 | See drivers/char/README.epca and | |
31c00fc1 | 626 | Documentation/serial/digiepca.txt. |
1da177e4 | 627 | |
95ffa243 | 628 | disable_mtrr_cleanup [X86] |
95ffa243 YL |
629 | The kernel tries to adjust MTRR layout from continuous |
630 | to discrete, to make X server driver able to add WB | |
0cb55ad2 | 631 | entry later. This parameter disables that. |
95ffa243 | 632 | |
093af8d7 | 633 | disable_mtrr_trim [X86, Intel and AMD only] |
99fc8d42 JB |
634 | By default the kernel will trim any uncacheable |
635 | memory out of your available memory pool based on | |
636 | MTRR settings. This parameter disables that behavior, | |
637 | possibly causing your machine to run very slowly. | |
638 | ||
6cececfc | 639 | disable_timer_pin_1 [X86] |
0cb55ad2 RD |
640 | Disable PIN 1 of APIC timer |
641 | Can be useful to work around chipset bugs. | |
642 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
643 | dmasound= [HW,OSS] Sound subsystem buffers |
644 | ||
0cb55ad2 RD |
645 | dma_debug=off If the kernel is compiled with DMA_API_DEBUG support, |
646 | this option disables the debugging code at boot. | |
647 | ||
648 | dma_debug_entries=<number> | |
649 | This option allows to tune the number of preallocated | |
650 | entries for DMA-API debugging code. One entry is | |
651 | required per DMA-API allocation. Use this if the | |
652 | DMA-API debugging code disables itself because the | |
653 | architectural default is too low. | |
654 | ||
1745de5e JR |
655 | dma_debug_driver=<driver_name> |
656 | With this option the DMA-API debugging driver | |
657 | filter feature can be enabled at boot time. Just | |
658 | pass the driver to filter for as the parameter. | |
659 | The filter can be disabled or changed to another | |
660 | driver later using sysfs. | |
661 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
662 | dscc4.setup= [NET] |
663 | ||
664 | dtc3181e= [HW,SCSI] | |
665 | ||
0cb55ad2 RD |
666 | dynamic_printk Enables pr_debug()/dev_dbg() calls if |
667 | CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG has been enabled. | |
668 | These can also be switched on/off via | |
669 | <debugfs>/dynamic_printk/modules | |
670 | ||
671 | earlycon= [KNL] Output early console device and options. | |
672 | uart[8250],io,<addr>[,options] | |
673 | uart[8250],mmio,<addr>[,options] | |
674 | Start an early, polled-mode console on the 8250/16550 | |
675 | UART at the specified I/O port or MMIO address. | |
676 | The options are the same as for ttyS, above. | |
677 | ||
6cececfc | 678 | earlyprintk= [X86,SH,BLACKFIN] |
1da177e4 LT |
679 | earlyprintk=vga |
680 | earlyprintk=serial[,ttySn[,baudrate]] | |
5c05917e | 681 | earlyprintk=dbgp |
1da177e4 | 682 | |
a9913044 | 683 | Append ",keep" to not disable it when the real console |
1da177e4 LT |
684 | takes over. |
685 | ||
5c05917e | 686 | Only vga or serial or usb debug port at a time. |
1da177e4 LT |
687 | |
688 | Currently only ttyS0 and ttyS1 are supported. | |
689 | ||
690 | Interaction with the standard serial driver is not | |
691 | very good. | |
692 | ||
693 | The VGA output is eventually overwritten by the real | |
694 | console. | |
695 | ||
696 | eata= [HW,SCSI] | |
697 | ||
1da177e4 | 698 | edd= [EDD] |
8c4dd606 | 699 | Format: {"off" | "on" | "skip[mbr]"} |
1da177e4 | 700 | |
1da177e4 LT |
701 | eisa_irq_edge= [PARISC,HW] |
702 | See header of drivers/parisc/eisa.c. | |
703 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 704 | elanfreq= [X86-32] |
1da177e4 | 705 | See comment before function elanfreq_setup() in |
71f77055 | 706 | arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/elanfreq.c. |
1da177e4 LT |
707 | |
708 | elevator= [IOSCHED] | |
16ab3adf | 709 | Format: {"anticipatory" | "cfq" | "deadline" | "noop"} |
a9913044 RD |
710 | See Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt and |
711 | Documentation/block/deadline-iosched.txt for details. | |
712 | ||
6cececfc | 713 | elfcorehdr= [IA64,PPC,SH,X86] |
a9913044 | 714 | Specifies physical address of start of kernel core |
aac04b32 VG |
715 | image elf header. Generally kexec loader will |
716 | pass this option to capture kernel. | |
717 | See Documentation/kdump/kdump.txt for details. | |
1da177e4 | 718 | |
0cb55ad2 RD |
719 | enable_mtrr_cleanup [X86] |
720 | The kernel tries to adjust MTRR layout from continuous | |
721 | to discrete, to make X server driver able to add WB | |
722 | entry later. This parameter enables that. | |
723 | ||
ca1eda2d | 724 | enable_timer_pin_1 [X86] |
0cb55ad2 RD |
725 | Enable PIN 1 of APIC timer |
726 | Can be useful to work around chipset bugs | |
727 | (in particular on some ATI chipsets). | |
728 | The kernel tries to set a reasonable default. | |
729 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
730 | enforcing [SELINUX] Set initial enforcing status. |
731 | Format: {"0" | "1"} | |
732 | See security/selinux/Kconfig help text. | |
733 | 0 -- permissive (log only, no denials). | |
734 | 1 -- enforcing (deny and log). | |
735 | Default value is 0. | |
736 | Value can be changed at runtime via /selinux/enforce. | |
737 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
738 | ether= [HW,NET] Ethernet cards parameters |
739 | This option is obsoleted by the "netdev=" option, which | |
740 | has equivalent usage. See its documentation for details. | |
741 | ||
742 | eurwdt= [HW,WDT] Eurotech CPU-1220/1410 onboard watchdog. | |
743 | Format: <io>[,<irq>] | |
744 | ||
de1ba09b AM |
745 | failslab= |
746 | fail_page_alloc= | |
747 | fail_make_request=[KNL] | |
748 | General fault injection mechanism. | |
749 | Format: <interval>,<probability>,<space>,<times> | |
750 | See also /Documentation/fault-injection/. | |
751 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
752 | fd_mcs= [HW,SCSI] |
753 | See header of drivers/scsi/fd_mcs.c. | |
754 | ||
755 | fdomain= [HW,SCSI] | |
756 | See header of drivers/scsi/fdomain.c. | |
757 | ||
758 | floppy= [HW] | |
31c00fc1 | 759 | See Documentation/blockdev/floppy.txt. |
1da177e4 | 760 | |
f13ae30e AC |
761 | force_pal_cache_flush |
762 | [IA-64] Avoid check_sal_cache_flush which may hang on | |
763 | buggy SAL_CACHE_FLUSH implementations. Using this | |
764 | parameter will force ia64_sal_cache_flush to call | |
765 | ia64_pal_cache_flush instead of SAL_CACHE_FLUSH. | |
766 | ||
d9e54076 | 767 | ftrace=[tracer] |
2af15d6a | 768 | [FTRACE] will set and start the specified tracer |
d9e54076 PZ |
769 | as early as possible in order to facilitate early |
770 | boot debugging. | |
771 | ||
772 | ftrace_dump_on_oops | |
2af15d6a SR |
773 | [FTRACE] will dump the trace buffers on oops. |
774 | ||
775 | ftrace_filter=[function-list] | |
776 | [FTRACE] Limit the functions traced by the function | |
777 | tracer at boot up. function-list is a comma separated | |
778 | list of functions. This list can be changed at run | |
779 | time by the set_ftrace_filter file in the debugfs | |
780 | tracing directory. | |
781 | ||
782 | ftrace_notrace=[function-list] | |
783 | [FTRACE] Do not trace the functions specified in | |
784 | function-list. This list can be changed at run time | |
785 | by the set_ftrace_notrace file in the debugfs | |
786 | tracing directory. | |
d9e54076 | 787 | |
1da177e4 LT |
788 | gamecon.map[2|3]= |
789 | [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick and NES/SNES/PSX pad | |
790 | support via parallel port (up to 5 devices per port) | |
791 | Format: <port#>,<pad1>,<pad2>,<pad3>,<pad4>,<pad5> | |
792 | See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt | |
793 | ||
794 | gamma= [HW,DRM] | |
795 | ||
aaf23042 YL |
796 | gart_fix_e820= [X86_64] disable the fix e820 for K8 GART |
797 | Format: off | on | |
798 | default: on | |
799 | ||
2521f2c2 PO |
800 | gcov_persist= [GCOV] When non-zero (default), profiling data for |
801 | kernel modules is saved and remains accessible via | |
802 | debugfs, even when the module is unloaded/reloaded. | |
803 | When zero, profiling data is discarded and associated | |
804 | debugfs files are removed at module unload time. | |
805 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
806 | gdth= [HW,SCSI] |
807 | See header of drivers/scsi/gdth.c. | |
808 | ||
809 | gpt [EFI] Forces disk with valid GPT signature but | |
810 | invalid Protective MBR to be treated as GPT. | |
811 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
812 | gvp11= [HW,SCSI] |
813 | ||
814 | hashdist= [KNL,NUMA] Large hashes allocated during boot | |
815 | are distributed across NUMA nodes. Defaults on | |
429aa0fc | 816 | for 64bit NUMA, off otherwise. |
a9913044 | 817 | Format: 0 | 1 (for off | on) |
1da177e4 LT |
818 | |
819 | hcl= [IA-64] SGI's Hardware Graph compatibility layer | |
820 | ||
821 | hd= [EIDE] (E)IDE hard drive subsystem geometry | |
822 | Format: <cyl>,<head>,<sect> | |
823 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
824 | highmem=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] forces the highmem zone to have an exact |
825 | size of <nn>. This works even on boxes that have no | |
826 | highmem otherwise. This also works to reduce highmem | |
827 | size on bigger boxes. | |
828 | ||
54cdfdb4 TG |
829 | highres= [KNL] Enable/disable high resolution timer mode. |
830 | Valid parameters: "on", "off" | |
831 | Default: "on" | |
832 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
833 | hisax= [HW,ISDN] |
834 | See Documentation/isdn/README.HiSax. | |
835 | ||
0cb55ad2 RD |
836 | hlt [BUGS=ARM,SH] |
837 | ||
838 | hpet= [X86-32,HPET] option to control HPET usage | |
839 | Format: { enable (default) | disable | force | | |
840 | verbose } | |
841 | disable: disable HPET and use PIT instead | |
842 | force: allow force enabled of undocumented chips (ICH4, | |
843 | VIA, nVidia) | |
844 | verbose: show contents of HPET registers during setup | |
845 | ||
b4718e62 AK |
846 | hugepages= [HW,X86-32,IA-64] HugeTLB pages to allocate at boot. |
847 | hugepagesz= [HW,IA-64,PPC,X86-64] The size of the HugeTLB pages. | |
0d9ea754 JT |
848 | On x86-64 and powerpc, this option can be specified |
849 | multiple times interleaved with hugepages= to reserve | |
850 | huge pages of different sizes. Valid pages sizes on | |
851 | x86-64 are 2M (when the CPU supports "pse") and 1G | |
852 | (when the CPU supports the "pdpe1gb" cpuinfo flag) | |
b4718e62 AK |
853 | Note that 1GB pages can only be allocated at boot time |
854 | using hugepages= and not freed afterwards. | |
6902aa84 | 855 | |
555d61d6 HB |
856 | hvc_iucv= [S390] Number of z/VM IUCV hypervisor console (HVC) |
857 | terminal devices. Valid values: 0..8 | |
431429ff HB |
858 | hvc_iucv_allow= [S390] Comma-separated list of z/VM user IDs. |
859 | If specified, z/VM IUCV HVC accepts connections | |
860 | from listed z/VM user IDs only. | |
cef7125d | 861 | |
3a853fb9 | 862 | i2c_bus= [HW] Override the default board specific I2C bus speed |
7954763b JN |
863 | or register an additional I2C bus that is not |
864 | registered from board initialization code. | |
3a853fb9 JN |
865 | Format: |
866 | <bus_id>,<clkrate> | |
867 | ||
36d95739 | 868 | i8042.debug [HW] Toggle i8042 debug mode |
1da177e4 | 869 | i8042.direct [HW] Put keyboard port into non-translated mode |
84eb8d06 ML |
870 | i8042.dumbkbd [HW] Pretend that controller can only read data from |
871 | keyboard and cannot control its state | |
1da177e4 LT |
872 | (Don't attempt to blink the leds) |
873 | i8042.noaux [HW] Don't check for auxiliary (== mouse) port | |
945ef0d4 | 874 | i8042.nokbd [HW] Don't check/create keyboard port |
75d08c78 JK |
875 | i8042.noloop [HW] Disable the AUX Loopback command while probing |
876 | for the AUX port | |
1da177e4 LT |
877 | i8042.nomux [HW] Don't check presence of an active multiplexing |
878 | controller | |
879 | i8042.nopnp [HW] Don't use ACPIPnP / PnPBIOS to discover KBD/AUX | |
880 | controllers | |
881 | i8042.panicblink= | |
882 | [HW] Frequency with which keyboard LEDs should blink | |
883 | when kernel panics (default is 0.5 sec) | |
884 | i8042.reset [HW] Reset the controller during init and cleanup | |
885 | i8042.unlock [HW] Unlock (ignore) the keylock | |
886 | ||
887 | i810= [HW,DRM] | |
888 | ||
e70c9d5e DT |
889 | i8k.ignore_dmi [HW] Continue probing hardware even if DMI data |
890 | indicates that the driver is running on unsupported | |
891 | hardware. | |
1da177e4 LT |
892 | i8k.force [HW] Activate i8k driver even if SMM BIOS signature |
893 | does not match list of supported models. | |
894 | i8k.power_status | |
895 | [HW] Report power status in /proc/i8k | |
896 | (disabled by default) | |
897 | i8k.restricted [HW] Allow controlling fans only if SYS_ADMIN | |
898 | capability is set. | |
899 | ||
900 | ibmmcascsi= [HW,MCA,SCSI] IBM MicroChannel SCSI adapter | |
901 | See Documentation/mca.txt. | |
902 | ||
903 | icn= [HW,ISDN] | |
904 | Format: <io>[,<membase>[,<icn_id>[,<icn_id2>]]] | |
905 | ||
0af80c04 DF |
906 | ide-core.nodma= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem |
907 | Format: =0.0 to prevent dma on hda, =0.1 hdb =1.0 hdc | |
075affcb BZ |
908 | .vlb_clock .pci_clock .noflush .nohpa .noprobe .nowerr |
909 | .cdrom .chs .ignore_cable are additional options | |
1c10e938 | 910 | See Documentation/ide/ide.txt. |
1da177e4 | 911 | |
0cb55ad2 RD |
912 | ide-pci-generic.all-generic-ide [HW] (E)IDE subsystem |
913 | Claim all unknown PCI IDE storage controllers. | |
914 | ||
f039b754 | 915 | idle= [X86] |
ada9cfdd RD |
916 | Format: idle=poll, idle=mwait, idle=halt, idle=nomwait |
917 | Poll forces a polling idle loop that can slightly | |
918 | improve the performance of waking up a idle CPU, but | |
919 | will use a lot of power and make the system run hot. | |
920 | Not recommended. | |
921 | idle=mwait: On systems which support MONITOR/MWAIT but | |
922 | the kernel chose to not use it because it doesn't save | |
923 | as much power as a normal idle loop, use the | |
924 | MONITOR/MWAIT idle loop anyways. Performance should be | |
925 | the same as idle=poll. | |
926 | idle=halt: Halt is forced to be used for CPU idle. | |
c1e3b377 | 927 | In such case C2/C3 won't be used again. |
ada9cfdd | 928 | idle=nomwait: Disable mwait for CPU C-states |
a9913044 | 929 | |
79290822 IM |
930 | ignore_loglevel [KNL] |
931 | Ignore loglevel setting - this will print /all/ | |
932 | kernel messages to the console. Useful for debugging. | |
933 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
934 | ihash_entries= [KNL] |
935 | Set number of hash buckets for inode cache. | |
936 | ||
3323eec9 MZ |
937 | ima_audit= [IMA] |
938 | Format: { "0" | "1" } | |
939 | 0 -- integrity auditing messages. (Default) | |
940 | 1 -- enable informational integrity auditing messages. | |
941 | ||
942 | ima_hash= [IMA] | |
943 | Formt: { "sha1" | "md5" } | |
944 | default: "sha1" | |
945 | ||
5789ba3b EP |
946 | ima_tcb [IMA] |
947 | Load a policy which meets the needs of the Trusted | |
948 | Computing Base. This means IMA will measure all | |
949 | programs exec'd, files mmap'd for exec, and all files | |
950 | opened for read by uid=0. | |
951 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
952 | in2000= [HW,SCSI] |
953 | See header of drivers/scsi/in2000.c. | |
954 | ||
955 | init= [KNL] | |
956 | Format: <full_path> | |
957 | Run specified binary instead of /sbin/init as init | |
958 | process. | |
959 | ||
960 | initcall_debug [KNL] Trace initcalls as they are executed. Useful | |
961 | for working out where the kernel is dying during | |
962 | startup. | |
963 | ||
964 | initrd= [BOOT] Specify the location of the initial ramdisk | |
965 | ||
966 | inport.irq= [HW] Inport (ATI XL and Microsoft) busmouse driver | |
967 | Format: <irq> | |
968 | ||
ba395927 | 969 | intel_iommu= [DMAR] Intel IOMMU driver (DMAR) option |
0cd5c3c8 KM |
970 | on |
971 | Enable intel iommu driver. | |
ba395927 KA |
972 | off |
973 | Disable intel iommu driver. | |
974 | igfx_off [Default Off] | |
975 | By default, gfx is mapped as normal device. If a gfx | |
976 | device has a dedicated DMAR unit, the DMAR unit is | |
977 | bypassed by not enabling DMAR with this option. In | |
978 | this case, gfx device will use physical address for | |
979 | DMA. | |
7d3b03ce KA |
980 | forcedac [x86_64] |
981 | With this option iommu will not optimize to look | |
982 | for io virtual address below 32 bit forcing dual | |
983 | address cycle on pci bus for cards supporting greater | |
984 | than 32 bit addressing. The default is to look | |
985 | for translation below 32 bit and if not available | |
986 | then look in the higher range. | |
5e0d2a6f | 987 | strict [Default Off] |
988 | With this option on every unmap_single operation will | |
989 | result in a hardware IOTLB flush operation as opposed | |
990 | to batching them for performance. | |
ba395927 | 991 | |
0cb55ad2 RD |
992 | inttest= [IA64] |
993 | ||
994 | iomem= Disable strict checking of access to MMIO memory | |
995 | strict regions from userspace. | |
996 | relaxed | |
997 | ||
998 | iommu= [x86] | |
999 | off | |
1000 | force | |
1001 | noforce | |
1002 | biomerge | |
1003 | panic | |
1004 | nopanic | |
1005 | merge | |
1006 | nomerge | |
1007 | forcesac | |
1008 | soft | |
4ed0d3e6 | 1009 | pt [x86, IA64] |
0cb55ad2 RD |
1010 | |
1011 | io7= [HW] IO7 for Marvel based alpha systems | |
1012 | See comment before marvel_specify_io7 in | |
1013 | arch/alpha/kernel/core_marvel.c. | |
1014 | ||
6cececfc | 1015 | io_delay= [X86] I/O delay method |
6e7c4025 IM |
1016 | 0x80 |
1017 | Standard port 0x80 based delay | |
1018 | 0xed | |
1019 | Alternate port 0xed based delay (needed on some systems) | |
b02aae9c | 1020 | udelay |
6e7c4025 IM |
1021 | Simple two microseconds delay |
1022 | none | |
1023 | No delay | |
b02aae9c | 1024 | |
1da177e4 | 1025 | ip= [IP_PNP] |
6ded55da | 1026 | See Documentation/filesystems/nfsroot.txt. |
1da177e4 LT |
1027 | |
1028 | ip2= [HW] Set IO/IRQ pairs for up to 4 IntelliPort boards | |
c8facbb6 RD |
1029 | See comment before ip2_setup() in |
1030 | drivers/char/ip2/ip2base.c. | |
1da177e4 LT |
1031 | |
1032 | ips= [HW,SCSI] Adaptec / IBM ServeRAID controller | |
1033 | See header of drivers/scsi/ips.c. | |
1034 | ||
200803df AC |
1035 | irqfixup [HW] |
1036 | When an interrupt is not handled search all handlers | |
1037 | for it. Intended to get systems with badly broken | |
1038 | firmware running. | |
1039 | ||
1040 | irqpoll [HW] | |
1041 | When an interrupt is not handled search all handlers | |
1042 | for it. Also check all handlers each timer | |
1043 | interrupt. Intended to get systems with badly broken | |
1044 | firmware running. | |
1045 | ||
1da177e4 | 1046 | isapnp= [ISAPNP] |
a9913044 | 1047 | Format: <RDP>,<reset>,<pci_scan>,<verbosity> |
1da177e4 LT |
1048 | |
1049 | isolcpus= [KNL,SMP] Isolate CPUs from the general scheduler. | |
22f2e280 DF |
1050 | Format: |
1051 | <cpu number>,...,<cpu number> | |
1052 | or | |
b225d44e LZ |
1053 | <cpu number>-<cpu number> |
1054 | (must be a positive range in ascending order) | |
22f2e280 DF |
1055 | or a mixture |
1056 | <cpu number>,...,<cpu number>-<cpu number> | |
b225d44e | 1057 | |
1da177e4 LT |
1058 | This option can be used to specify one or more CPUs |
1059 | to isolate from the general SMP balancing and scheduling | |
b225d44e LZ |
1060 | algorithms. You can move a process onto or off an |
1061 | "isolated" CPU via the CPU affinity syscalls or cpuset. | |
1da177e4 LT |
1062 | <cpu number> begins at 0 and the maximum value is |
1063 | "number of CPUs in system - 1". | |
1064 | ||
1065 | This option is the preferred way to isolate CPUs. The | |
a9913044 RD |
1066 | alternative -- manually setting the CPU mask of all |
1067 | tasks in the system -- can cause problems and | |
1068 | suboptimal load balancer performance. | |
1da177e4 | 1069 | |
a9913044 | 1070 | iucv= [HW,NET] |
1da177e4 LT |
1071 | |
1072 | js= [HW,JOY] Analog joystick | |
1073 | See Documentation/input/joystick.txt. | |
1074 | ||
0cb55ad2 RD |
1075 | keepinitrd [HW,ARM] |
1076 | ||
6cececfc | 1077 | kernelcore=nn[KMG] [KNL,X86,IA-64,PPC] This parameter |
ed7ed365 MG |
1078 | specifies the amount of memory usable by the kernel |
1079 | for non-movable allocations. The requested amount is | |
1080 | spread evenly throughout all nodes in the system. The | |
1081 | remaining memory in each node is used for Movable | |
1082 | pages. In the event, a node is too small to have both | |
1083 | kernelcore and Movable pages, kernelcore pages will | |
1084 | take priority and other nodes will have a larger number | |
1085 | of kernelcore pages. The Movable zone is used for the | |
1086 | allocation of pages that may be reclaimed or moved | |
1087 | by the page migration subsystem. This means that | |
1088 | HugeTLB pages may not be allocated from this zone. | |
1089 | Note that allocations like PTEs-from-HighMem still | |
1090 | use the HighMem zone if it exists, and the Normal | |
1091 | zone if it does not. | |
1092 | ||
6cdf6e06 JW |
1093 | kgdboc= [HW] kgdb over consoles. |
1094 | Requires a tty driver that supports console polling. | |
19f59460 | 1095 | (only serial supported for now) |
6cdf6e06 JW |
1096 | Format: <serial_device>[,baud] |
1097 | ||
9bed90c6 FF |
1098 | kmac= [MIPS] korina ethernet MAC address. |
1099 | Configure the RouterBoard 532 series on-chip | |
1100 | Ethernet adapter MAC address. | |
1101 | ||
04f70336 CM |
1102 | kmemleak= [KNL] Boot-time kmemleak enable/disable |
1103 | Valid arguments: on, off | |
1104 | Default: on | |
1105 | ||
6cececfc | 1106 | kstack=N [X86] Print N words from the kernel stack |
0cb55ad2 RD |
1107 | in oops dumps. |
1108 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1109 | l2cr= [PPC] |
1110 | ||
a78bfbfc RB |
1111 | l3cr= [PPC] |
1112 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 1113 | lapic [X86-32,APIC] Enable the local APIC even if BIOS |
a9913044 | 1114 | disabled it. |
1da177e4 | 1115 | |
6cececfc | 1116 | lapic_timer_c2_ok [X86,APIC] trust the local apic timer |
ada9cfdd | 1117 | in C2 power state. |
e585bef8 | 1118 | |
fcb71f6f FC |
1119 | libata.dma= [LIBATA] DMA control |
1120 | libata.dma=0 Disable all PATA and SATA DMA | |
1121 | libata.dma=1 PATA and SATA Disk DMA only | |
1122 | libata.dma=2 ATAPI (CDROM) DMA only | |
1123 | libata.dma=4 Compact Flash DMA only | |
1124 | Combinations also work, so libata.dma=3 enables DMA | |
1125 | for disks and CDROMs, but not CFs. | |
1126 | ||
78e70c23 DJ |
1127 | libata.noacpi [LIBATA] Disables use of ACPI in libata suspend/resume |
1128 | when set. | |
1129 | Format: <int> | |
1130 | ||
33267325 TH |
1131 | libata.force= [LIBATA] Force configurations. The format is comma |
1132 | separated list of "[ID:]VAL" where ID is | |
1133 | PORT[:DEVICE]. PORT and DEVICE are decimal numbers | |
1134 | matching port, link or device. Basically, it matches | |
1135 | the ATA ID string printed on console by libata. If | |
1136 | the whole ID part is omitted, the last PORT and DEVICE | |
1137 | values are used. If ID hasn't been specified yet, the | |
1138 | configuration applies to all ports, links and devices. | |
1139 | ||
1140 | If only DEVICE is omitted, the parameter applies to | |
1141 | the port and all links and devices behind it. DEVICE | |
1142 | number of 0 either selects the first device or the | |
1143 | first fan-out link behind PMP device. It does not | |
1144 | select the host link. DEVICE number of 15 selects the | |
1145 | host link and device attached to it. | |
1146 | ||
1147 | The VAL specifies the configuration to force. As long | |
1148 | as there's no ambiguity shortcut notation is allowed. | |
1149 | For example, both 1.5 and 1.5G would work for 1.5Gbps. | |
1150 | The following configurations can be forced. | |
1151 | ||
1152 | * Cable type: 40c, 80c, short40c, unk, ign or sata. | |
1153 | Any ID with matching PORT is used. | |
1154 | ||
1155 | * SATA link speed limit: 1.5Gbps or 3.0Gbps. | |
1156 | ||
1157 | * Transfer mode: pio[0-7], mwdma[0-4] and udma[0-7]. | |
1158 | udma[/][16,25,33,44,66,100,133] notation is also | |
1159 | allowed. | |
1160 | ||
1161 | * [no]ncq: Turn on or off NCQ. | |
1162 | ||
05944bdf TH |
1163 | * nohrst, nosrst, norst: suppress hard, soft |
1164 | and both resets. | |
1165 | ||
33267325 TH |
1166 | If there are multiple matching configurations changing |
1167 | the same attribute, the last one is used. | |
1168 | ||
7c4be253 RD |
1169 | lmb=debug [KNL] Enable lmb debug messages. |
1170 | ||
1da177e4 | 1171 | load_ramdisk= [RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy |
31c00fc1 | 1172 | See Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt. |
1da177e4 | 1173 | |
a6b25b67 RD |
1174 | lockd.nlm_grace_period=P [NFS] Assign grace period. |
1175 | Format: <integer> | |
1da177e4 | 1176 | |
a6b25b67 RD |
1177 | lockd.nlm_tcpport=N [NFS] Assign TCP port. |
1178 | Format: <integer> | |
1179 | ||
1180 | lockd.nlm_timeout=T [NFS] Assign timeout value. | |
1181 | Format: <integer> | |
1182 | ||
1183 | lockd.nlm_udpport=M [NFS] Assign UDP port. | |
1184 | Format: <integer> | |
1da177e4 LT |
1185 | |
1186 | logibm.irq= [HW,MOUSE] Logitech Bus Mouse Driver | |
1187 | Format: <irq> | |
1188 | ||
1189 | loglevel= All Kernel Messages with a loglevel smaller than the | |
1190 | console loglevel will be printed to the console. It can | |
1191 | also be changed with klogd or other programs. The | |
1192 | loglevels are defined as follows: | |
1193 | ||
1194 | 0 (KERN_EMERG) system is unusable | |
1195 | 1 (KERN_ALERT) action must be taken immediately | |
1196 | 2 (KERN_CRIT) critical conditions | |
1197 | 3 (KERN_ERR) error conditions | |
1198 | 4 (KERN_WARNING) warning conditions | |
1199 | 5 (KERN_NOTICE) normal but significant condition | |
1200 | 6 (KERN_INFO) informational | |
1201 | 7 (KERN_DEBUG) debug-level messages | |
1202 | ||
1203 | log_buf_len=n Sets the size of the printk ring buffer, in bytes. | |
a9913044 RD |
1204 | Format: { n | nk | nM } |
1205 | n must be a power of two. The default size | |
1206 | is set in the kernel config file. | |
1da177e4 | 1207 | |
accaa24c RD |
1208 | logo.nologo [FB] Disables display of the built-in Linux logo. |
1209 | This may be used to provide more screen space for | |
1210 | kernel log messages and is useful when debugging | |
1211 | kernel boot problems. | |
1212 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1213 | lp=0 [LP] Specify parallel ports to use, e.g, |
1214 | lp=port[,port...] lp=none,parport0 (lp0 not configured, lp1 uses | |
1215 | lp=reset first parallel port). 'lp=0' disables the | |
1216 | lp=auto printer driver. 'lp=reset' (which can be | |
1217 | specified in addition to the ports) causes | |
1218 | attached printers to be reset. Using | |
1219 | lp=port1,port2,... specifies the parallel ports | |
1220 | to associate lp devices with, starting with | |
1221 | lp0. A port specification may be 'none' to skip | |
1222 | that lp device, or a parport name such as | |
1223 | 'parport0'. Specifying 'lp=auto' instead of a | |
1224 | port specification list means that device IDs | |
1225 | from each port should be examined, to see if | |
1226 | an IEEE 1284-compliant printer is attached; if | |
1227 | so, the driver will manage that printer. | |
1228 | See also header of drivers/char/lp.c. | |
1229 | ||
1230 | lpj=n [KNL] | |
1231 | Sets loops_per_jiffy to given constant, thus avoiding | |
1232 | time-consuming boot-time autodetection (up to 250 ms per | |
1233 | CPU). 0 enables autodetection (default). To determine | |
1234 | the correct value for your kernel, boot with normal | |
1235 | autodetection and see what value is printed. Note that | |
1236 | on SMP systems the preset will be applied to all CPUs, | |
1237 | which is likely to cause problems if your CPUs need | |
1238 | significantly divergent settings. An incorrect value | |
1239 | will cause delays in the kernel to be wrong, leading to | |
1240 | unpredictable I/O errors and other breakage. Although | |
1241 | unlikely, in the extreme case this might damage your | |
1242 | hardware. | |
1243 | ||
1244 | ltpc= [NET] | |
1245 | Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma> | |
1246 | ||
a9913044 RD |
1247 | mac5380= [HW,SCSI] Format: |
1248 | <can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags> | |
1da177e4 | 1249 | |
a9913044 RD |
1250 | machvec= [IA64] Force the use of a particular machine-vector |
1251 | (machvec) in a generic kernel. | |
1252 | Example: machvec=hpzx1_swiotlb | |
1da177e4 | 1253 | |
0cb55ad2 RD |
1254 | max_addr=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT,ia64] All physical memory greater |
1255 | than or equal to this physical address is ignored. | |
1da177e4 LT |
1256 | |
1257 | maxcpus= [SMP] Maximum number of processors that an SMP kernel | |
61ec7567 LB |
1258 | should make use of. maxcpus=n : n >= 0 limits the |
1259 | kernel to using 'n' processors. n=0 is a special case, | |
1260 | it is equivalent to "nosmp", which also disables | |
1261 | the IO APIC. | |
1da177e4 | 1262 | |
0cb55ad2 RD |
1263 | max_loop= [LOOP] Maximum number of loopback devices that can |
1264 | be mounted | |
1265 | Format: <1-256> | |
2b2c3750 | 1266 | |
a9913044 | 1267 | max_luns= [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs to probe. |
1da177e4 LT |
1268 | Should be between 1 and 2^32-1. |
1269 | ||
1270 | max_report_luns= | |
a9913044 | 1271 | [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs received. |
1da177e4 LT |
1272 | Should be between 1 and 16384. |
1273 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1274 | mcatest= [IA-64] |
1275 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 1276 | mce [X86-32] Machine Check Exception |
1da177e4 | 1277 | |
71cced6e | 1278 | mce=option [X86-64] See Documentation/x86/x86_64/boot-options.txt |
909dd324 | 1279 | |
1da177e4 LT |
1280 | md= [HW] RAID subsystems devices and level |
1281 | See Documentation/md.txt. | |
a9913044 | 1282 | |
1da177e4 LT |
1283 | mdacon= [MDA] |
1284 | Format: <first>,<last> | |
1285 | Specifies range of consoles to be captured by the MDA. | |
a9913044 | 1286 | |
1da177e4 LT |
1287 | mem=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] Force usage of a specific amount of memory |
1288 | Amount of memory to be used when the kernel is not able | |
1289 | to see the whole system memory or for test. | |
cd4f0ef7 | 1290 | [X86-32] Use together with memmap= to avoid physical |
1da177e4 LT |
1291 | address space collisions. Without memmap= PCI devices |
1292 | could be placed at addresses belonging to unused RAM. | |
1293 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 1294 | mem=nopentium [BUGS=X86-32] Disable usage of 4MB pages for kernel |
1da177e4 LT |
1295 | memory. |
1296 | ||
6902aa84 PM |
1297 | memchunk=nn[KMG] |
1298 | [KNL,SH] Allow user to override the default size for | |
1299 | per-device physically contiguous DMA buffers. | |
1300 | ||
6cececfc | 1301 | memmap=exactmap [KNL,X86] Enable setting of an exact |
1da177e4 LT |
1302 | E820 memory map, as specified by the user. |
1303 | Such memmap=exactmap lines can be constructed based on | |
1304 | BIOS output or other requirements. See the memmap=nn@ss | |
1305 | option description. | |
1306 | ||
1307 | memmap=nn[KMG]@ss[KMG] | |
1308 | [KNL] Force usage of a specific region of memory | |
1309 | Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn. | |
1310 | ||
1311 | memmap=nn[KMG]#ss[KMG] | |
1312 | [KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as ACPI data. | |
1313 | Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn. | |
1314 | ||
1315 | memmap=nn[KMG]$ss[KMG] | |
1316 | [KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as reserved. | |
1317 | Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn. | |
1312848e PM |
1318 | Example: Exclude memory from 0x18690000-0x1869ffff |
1319 | memmap=64K$0x18690000 | |
1320 | or | |
1321 | memmap=0x10000$0x18690000 | |
1da177e4 | 1322 | |
9f077871 JF |
1323 | memory_corruption_check=0/1 [X86] |
1324 | Some BIOSes seem to corrupt the first 64k of | |
1325 | memory when doing things like suspend/resume. | |
1326 | Setting this option will scan the memory | |
1327 | looking for corruption. Enabling this will | |
1328 | both detect corruption and prevent the kernel | |
1329 | from using the memory being corrupted. | |
1330 | However, its intended as a diagnostic tool; if | |
1331 | repeatable BIOS-originated corruption always | |
1332 | affects the same memory, you can use memmap= | |
1333 | to prevent the kernel from using that memory. | |
1334 | ||
1335 | memory_corruption_check_size=size [X86] | |
1336 | By default it checks for corruption in the low | |
1337 | 64k, making this memory unavailable for normal | |
1338 | use. Use this parameter to scan for | |
1339 | corruption in more or less memory. | |
1340 | ||
1341 | memory_corruption_check_period=seconds [X86] | |
1342 | By default it checks for corruption every 60 | |
1343 | seconds. Use this parameter to check at some | |
1344 | other rate. 0 disables periodic checking. | |
1345 | ||
caadbdce | 1346 | memtest= [KNL,X86] Enable memtest |
c64df707 | 1347 | Format: <integer> |
c64df707 | 1348 | default : 0 <disable> |
9e5f6cf5 AH |
1349 | Specifies the number of memtest passes to be |
1350 | performed. Each pass selects another test | |
1351 | pattern from a given set of patterns. Memtest | |
1352 | fills the memory with this pattern, validates | |
1353 | memory contents and reserves bad memory | |
1354 | regions that are detected. | |
c64df707 | 1355 | |
1da177e4 LT |
1356 | meye.*= [HW] Set MotionEye Camera parameters |
1357 | See Documentation/video4linux/meye.txt. | |
1358 | ||
8f36881b AS |
1359 | mfgpt_irq= [IA-32] Specify the IRQ to use for the |
1360 | Multi-Function General Purpose Timers on AMD Geode | |
1361 | platforms. | |
1362 | ||
e6c4dc6c WT |
1363 | mfgptfix [X86-32] Fix MFGPT timers on AMD Geode platforms when |
1364 | the BIOS has incorrectly applied a workaround. TinyBIOS | |
1365 | version 0.98 is known to be affected, 0.99 fixes the | |
1366 | problem by letting the user disable the workaround. | |
1367 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1368 | mga= [HW,DRM] |
1369 | ||
1c207f95 RD |
1370 | min_addr=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT,ia64] All physical memory below this |
1371 | physical address is ignored. | |
1372 | ||
39f45d7b MP |
1373 | mini2440= [ARM,HW,KNL] |
1374 | Format:[0..2][b][c][t] | |
1375 | Default: "0tb" | |
1376 | MINI2440 configuration specification: | |
1377 | 0 - The attached screen is the 3.5" TFT | |
1378 | 1 - The attached screen is the 7" TFT | |
1379 | 2 - The VGA Shield is attached (1024x768) | |
1380 | Leaving out the screen size parameter will not load | |
1381 | the TFT driver, and the framebuffer will be left | |
1382 | unconfigured. | |
1383 | b - Enable backlight. The TFT backlight pin will be | |
1384 | linked to the kernel VESA blanking code and a GPIO | |
1385 | LED. This parameter is not necessary when using the | |
1386 | VGA shield. | |
1387 | c - Enable the s3c camera interface. | |
1388 | t - Reserved for enabling touchscreen support. The | |
1389 | touchscreen support is not enabled in the mainstream | |
1390 | kernel as of 2.6.30, a preliminary port can be found | |
1391 | in the "bleeding edge" mini2440 support kernel at | |
1392 | http://repo.or.cz/w/linux-2.6/mini2440.git | |
1393 | ||
6b74ab97 MG |
1394 | mminit_loglevel= |
1395 | [KNL] When CONFIG_DEBUG_MEMORY_INIT is set, this | |
1396 | parameter allows control of the logging verbosity for | |
1397 | the additional memory initialisation checks. A value | |
1398 | of 0 disables mminit logging and a level of 4 will | |
1399 | log everything. Information is printed at KERN_DEBUG | |
1400 | so loglevel=8 may also need to be specified. | |
1401 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1402 | mousedev.tap_time= |
1403 | [MOUSE] Maximum time between finger touching and | |
1404 | leaving touchpad surface for touch to be considered | |
1405 | a tap and be reported as a left button click (for | |
1406 | touchpads working in absolute mode only). | |
1407 | Format: <msecs> | |
1408 | mousedev.xres= [MOUSE] Horizontal screen resolution, used for devices | |
1409 | reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets | |
1410 | mousedev.yres= [MOUSE] Vertical screen resolution, used for devices | |
1411 | reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets | |
1412 | ||
6cececfc | 1413 | movablecore=nn[KMG] [KNL,X86,IA-64,PPC] This parameter |
0cb55ad2 RD |
1414 | is similar to kernelcore except it specifies the |
1415 | amount of memory used for migratable allocations. | |
1416 | If both kernelcore and movablecore is specified, | |
1417 | then kernelcore will be at *least* the specified | |
1418 | value but may be more. If movablecore on its own | |
1419 | is specified, the administrator must be careful | |
1420 | that the amount of memory usable for all allocations | |
1421 | is not too small. | |
1422 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1423 | mpu401= [HW,OSS] |
1424 | Format: <io>,<irq> | |
1425 | ||
1426 | MTD_Partition= [MTD] | |
1427 | Format: <name>,<region-number>,<size>,<offset> | |
1428 | ||
a9913044 RD |
1429 | MTD_Region= [MTD] Format: |
1430 | <name>,<region-number>[,<base>,<size>,<buswidth>,<altbuswidth>] | |
1da177e4 LT |
1431 | |
1432 | mtdparts= [MTD] | |
c8facbb6 | 1433 | See drivers/mtd/cmdlinepart.c. |
1da177e4 | 1434 | |
5988af23 RH |
1435 | onenand.bdry= [HW,MTD] Flex-OneNAND Boundary Configuration |
1436 | ||
1437 | Format: [die0_boundary][,die0_lock][,die1_boundary][,die1_lock] | |
1438 | ||
1439 | boundary - index of last SLC block on Flex-OneNAND. | |
1440 | The remaining blocks are configured as MLC blocks. | |
1441 | lock - Configure if Flex-OneNAND boundary should be locked. | |
1442 | Once locked, the boundary cannot be changed. | |
1443 | 1 indicates lock status, 0 indicates unlock status. | |
1444 | ||
9db829f4 BD |
1445 | mtdset= [ARM] |
1446 | ARM/S3C2412 JIVE boot control | |
1447 | ||
1448 | See arch/arm/mach-s3c2412/mach-jive.c | |
1449 | ||
1da177e4 | 1450 | mtouchusb.raw_coordinates= |
a9913044 RD |
1451 | [HW] Make the MicroTouch USB driver use raw coordinates |
1452 | ('y', default) or cooked coordinates ('n') | |
1da177e4 | 1453 | |
0cb55ad2 | 1454 | mtrr_chunk_size=nn[KMG] [X86] |
19f59460 | 1455 | used for mtrr cleanup. It is largest continuous chunk |
0cb55ad2 RD |
1456 | that could hold holes aka. UC entries. |
1457 | ||
1458 | mtrr_gran_size=nn[KMG] [X86] | |
1459 | Used for mtrr cleanup. It is granularity of mtrr block. | |
1460 | Default is 1. | |
1461 | Large value could prevent small alignment from | |
1462 | using up MTRRs. | |
1463 | ||
1464 | mtrr_spare_reg_nr=n [X86] | |
1465 | Format: <integer> | |
1466 | Range: 0,7 : spare reg number | |
1467 | Default : 1 | |
1468 | Used for mtrr cleanup. It is spare mtrr entries number. | |
1469 | Set to 2 or more if your graphical card needs more. | |
1470 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1471 | n2= [NET] SDL Inc. RISCom/N2 synchronous serial card |
1472 | ||
1473 | NCR_D700= [HW,SCSI] | |
1474 | See header of drivers/scsi/NCR_D700.c. | |
1475 | ||
1476 | ncr5380= [HW,SCSI] | |
1477 | ||
1478 | ncr53c400= [HW,SCSI] | |
1479 | ||
1480 | ncr53c400a= [HW,SCSI] | |
1481 | ||
1482 | ncr53c406a= [HW,SCSI] | |
1483 | ||
1484 | ncr53c8xx= [HW,SCSI] | |
1485 | ||
1486 | netdev= [NET] Network devices parameters | |
1487 | Format: <irq>,<io>,<mem_start>,<mem_end>,<name> | |
1488 | Note that mem_start is often overloaded to mean | |
1489 | something different and driver-specific. | |
a9913044 RD |
1490 | This usage is only documented in each driver source |
1491 | file if at all. | |
1492 | ||
58401572 KPO |
1493 | nf_conntrack.acct= |
1494 | [NETFILTER] Enable connection tracking flow accounting | |
1495 | 0 to disable accounting | |
1496 | 1 to enable accounting | |
1497 | Default value depends on CONFIG_NF_CT_ACCT that is | |
1498 | going to be removed in 2.6.29. | |
1499 | ||
1da177e4 | 1500 | nfsaddrs= [NFS] |
6ded55da | 1501 | See Documentation/filesystems/nfsroot.txt. |
1da177e4 LT |
1502 | |
1503 | nfsroot= [NFS] nfs root filesystem for disk-less boxes. | |
6ded55da | 1504 | See Documentation/filesystems/nfsroot.txt. |
1da177e4 | 1505 | |
a72b4422 TM |
1506 | nfs.callback_tcpport= |
1507 | [NFS] set the TCP port on which the NFSv4 callback | |
1508 | channel should listen. | |
1509 | ||
58df095b TM |
1510 | nfs.idmap_cache_timeout= |
1511 | [NFS] set the maximum lifetime for idmapper cache | |
1512 | entries. | |
1513 | ||
f43bf0be TM |
1514 | nfs.enable_ino64= |
1515 | [NFS] enable 64-bit inode numbers. | |
1516 | If zero, the NFS client will fake up a 32-bit inode | |
1517 | number for the readdir() and stat() syscalls instead | |
1518 | of returning the full 64-bit number. | |
1519 | The default is to return 64-bit inode numbers. | |
1520 | ||
e7ba176b HS |
1521 | nmi_debug= [KNL,AVR32] Specify one or more actions to take |
1522 | when a NMI is triggered. | |
1523 | Format: [state][,regs][,debounce][,die] | |
1524 | ||
6cececfc | 1525 | nmi_watchdog= [KNL,BUGS=X86] Debugging features for SMP kernels |
5b9a0e14 CG |
1526 | Format: [panic,][num] |
1527 | Valid num: 0,1,2 | |
1528 | 0 - turn nmi_watchdog off | |
1529 | 1 - use the IO-APIC timer for the NMI watchdog | |
1530 | 2 - use the local APIC for the NMI watchdog using | |
0cb55ad2 RD |
1531 | a performance counter. Note: This will use one |
1532 | performance counter and the local APIC's performance | |
1533 | vector. | |
1534 | When panic is specified, panic when an NMI watchdog | |
1535 | timeout occurs. | |
1536 | This is useful when you use a panic=... timeout and | |
1537 | need the box quickly up again. | |
5b9a0e14 CG |
1538 | Instead of 1 and 2 it is possible to use the following |
1539 | symbolic names: lapic and ioapic | |
1540 | Example: nmi_watchdog=2 or nmi_watchdog=panic,lapic | |
1da177e4 | 1541 | |
cd4f0ef7 | 1542 | no387 [BUGS=X86-32] Tells the kernel to use the 387 maths |
1da177e4 LT |
1543 | emulation library even if a 387 maths coprocessor |
1544 | is present. | |
1545 | ||
0cb55ad2 RD |
1546 | no_console_suspend |
1547 | [HW] Never suspend the console | |
1548 | Disable suspending of consoles during suspend and | |
1549 | hibernate operations. Once disabled, debugging | |
1550 | messages can reach various consoles while the rest | |
1551 | of the system is being put to sleep (ie, while | |
1552 | debugging driver suspend/resume hooks). This may | |
1553 | not work reliably with all consoles, but is known | |
1554 | to work with serial and VGA consoles. | |
1555 | ||
c1aee215 CL |
1556 | noaliencache [MM, NUMA, SLAB] Disables the allocation of alien |
1557 | caches in the slab allocator. Saves per-node memory, | |
1558 | but will impact performance. | |
3395ee05 | 1559 | |
a9913044 RD |
1560 | noalign [KNL,ARM] |
1561 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1562 | noapic [SMP,APIC] Tells the kernel to not make use of any |
1563 | IOAPICs that may be present in the system. | |
1564 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1565 | nobats [PPC] Do not use BATs for mapping kernel lowmem |
1566 | on "Classic" PPC cores. | |
1567 | ||
1568 | nocache [ARM] | |
a9913044 | 1569 | |
0cb55ad2 RD |
1570 | noclflush [BUGS=X86] Don't use the CLFLUSH instruction |
1571 | ||
163ecdff SN |
1572 | nodelayacct [KNL] Disable per-task delay accounting |
1573 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1574 | nodisconnect [HW,SCSI,M68K] Disables SCSI disconnects. |
1575 | ||
6902aa84 PM |
1576 | nodsp [SH] Disable hardware DSP at boot time. |
1577 | ||
6cececfc | 1578 | noefi [X86] Disable EFI runtime services support. |
8b2cb7a8 | 1579 | |
1da177e4 LT |
1580 | noexec [IA-64] |
1581 | ||
6cececfc | 1582 | noexec [X86] |
f5a1b191 | 1583 | On X86-32 available only on PAE configured kernels. |
1da177e4 | 1584 | noexec=on: enable non-executable mappings (default) |
f5a1b191 JS |
1585 | noexec=off: disable non-executable mappings |
1586 | ||
1587 | noexec32 [X86-64] | |
1588 | This affects only 32-bit executables. | |
1589 | noexec32=on: enable non-executable mappings (default) | |
1590 | read doesn't imply executable mappings | |
1591 | noexec32=off: disable non-executable mappings | |
1592 | read implies executable mappings | |
1da177e4 | 1593 | |
6902aa84 PM |
1594 | nofpu [SH] Disable hardware FPU at boot time. |
1595 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 1596 | nofxsr [BUGS=X86-32] Disables x86 floating point extended |
4f886511 CE |
1597 | register save and restore. The kernel will only save |
1598 | legacy floating-point registers on task switch. | |
1da177e4 | 1599 | |
0c752a93 SS |
1600 | noxsave [BUGS=X86] Disables x86 extended register state save |
1601 | and restore using xsave. The kernel will fallback to | |
1602 | enabling legacy floating-point and sse state. | |
1603 | ||
01a24d2b PZ |
1604 | nohlt [BUGS=ARM,SH] Tells the kernel that the sleep(SH) or |
1605 | wfi(ARM) instruction doesn't work correctly and not to | |
1606 | use it. This is also useful when using JTAG debugger. | |
a9913044 | 1607 | |
cd4f0ef7 | 1608 | no-hlt [BUGS=X86-32] Tells the kernel that the hlt |
1da177e4 LT |
1609 | instruction doesn't work correctly and not to |
1610 | use it. | |
1611 | ||
1f29fae2 SH |
1612 | no_file_caps Tells the kernel not to honor file capabilities. The |
1613 | only way then for a file to be executed with privilege | |
1614 | is to be setuid root or executed by root. | |
1615 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1616 | nohalt [IA-64] Tells the kernel not to use the power saving |
1617 | function PAL_HALT_LIGHT when idle. This increases | |
1618 | power-consumption. On the positive side, it reduces | |
1619 | interrupt wake-up latency, which may improve performance | |
1620 | in certain environments such as networked servers or | |
1621 | real-time systems. | |
1622 | ||
79bf2bb3 TG |
1623 | nohz= [KNL] Boottime enable/disable dynamic ticks |
1624 | Valid arguments: on, off | |
1625 | Default: on | |
1626 | ||
eeee7853 PM |
1627 | noiotrap [SH] Disables trapped I/O port accesses. |
1628 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 1629 | noirqdebug [X86-32] Disables the code which attempts to detect and |
1da177e4 LT |
1630 | disable unhandled interrupt sources. |
1631 | ||
6cececfc | 1632 | no_timer_check [X86,APIC] Disables the code which tests for |
8542b200 ZA |
1633 | broken timer IRQ sources. |
1634 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1635 | noisapnp [ISAPNP] Disables ISA PnP code. |
1636 | ||
1637 | noinitrd [RAM] Tells the kernel not to load any configured | |
1638 | initial RAM disk. | |
1639 | ||
03ea8155 WH |
1640 | nointremap [X86-64, Intel-IOMMU] Do not enable interrupt |
1641 | remapping. | |
1642 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1643 | nointroute [IA-64] |
1644 | ||
0aa366f3 TL |
1645 | nojitter [IA64] Disables jitter checking for ITC timers. |
1646 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 1647 | nolapic [X86-32,APIC] Do not enable or use the local APIC. |
1da177e4 | 1648 | |
cd4f0ef7 | 1649 | nolapic_timer [X86-32,APIC] Do not use the local APIC timer. |
ad62ca2b | 1650 | |
1da177e4 LT |
1651 | noltlbs [PPC] Do not use large page/tlb entries for kernel |
1652 | lowmem mapping on PPC40x. | |
1653 | ||
312f1f01 H |
1654 | nomca [IA-64] Disable machine check abort handling |
1655 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 1656 | nomce [X86-32] Machine Check Exception |
abe37e5a | 1657 | |
83d7384f AS |
1658 | nomfgpt [X86-32] Disable Multi-Function General Purpose |
1659 | Timer usage (for AMD Geode machines). | |
1660 | ||
0cb55ad2 RD |
1661 | norandmaps Don't use address space randomization. Equivalent to |
1662 | echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space | |
1663 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 1664 | noreplace-paravirt [X86-32,PV_OPS] Don't patch paravirt_ops |
959b4fdf | 1665 | |
cd4f0ef7 | 1666 | noreplace-smp [X86-32,SMP] Don't replace SMP instructions |
b7fb4af0 JF |
1667 | with UP alternatives |
1668 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1669 | noresidual [PPC] Don't use residual data on PReP machines. |
1670 | ||
a9913044 RD |
1671 | noresume [SWSUSP] Disables resume and restores original swap |
1672 | space. | |
1673 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1674 | no-scroll [VGA] Disables scrollback. |
1675 | This is required for the Braillex ib80-piezo Braille | |
1676 | reader made by F.H. Papenmeier (Germany). | |
1677 | ||
1678 | nosbagart [IA-64] | |
1679 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 1680 | nosep [BUGS=X86-32] Disables x86 SYSENTER/SYSEXIT support. |
4f886511 | 1681 | |
61ec7567 LB |
1682 | nosmp [SMP] Tells an SMP kernel to act as a UP kernel, |
1683 | and disable the IO APIC. legacy for "maxcpus=0". | |
1da177e4 | 1684 | |
97842216 DJ |
1685 | nosoftlockup [KNL] Disable the soft-lockup detector. |
1686 | ||
c077719b | 1687 | noswapaccount [KNL] Disable accounting of swap in memory resource |
21acb9ca | 1688 | controller. (See Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt) |
c077719b | 1689 | |
1da177e4 LT |
1690 | nosync [HW,M68K] Disables sync negotiation for all devices. |
1691 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 1692 | notsc [BUGS=X86-32] Disable Time Stamp Counter |
1da177e4 LT |
1693 | |
1694 | nousb [USB] Disable the USB subsystem | |
1695 | ||
1696 | nowb [ARM] | |
a9913044 | 1697 | |
2b2fd87a WH |
1698 | nox2apic [X86-64,APIC] Do not enable x2APIC mode. |
1699 | ||
a6c75b86 FY |
1700 | nptcg= [IA64] Override max number of concurrent global TLB |
1701 | purges which is reported from either PAL_VM_SUMMARY or | |
1702 | SAL PALO. | |
1703 | ||
0cb55ad2 RD |
1704 | nr_uarts= [SERIAL] maximum number of UARTs to be registered. |
1705 | ||
f0c0b2b8 KH |
1706 | numa_zonelist_order= [KNL, BOOT] Select zonelist order for NUMA. |
1707 | one of ['zone', 'node', 'default'] can be specified | |
1708 | This can be set from sysctl after boot. | |
1709 | See Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt for details. | |
1710 | ||
7c4be253 RD |
1711 | ohci1394_dma=early [HW] enable debugging via the ohci1394 driver. |
1712 | See Documentation/debugging-via-ohci1394.txt for more | |
1713 | info. | |
1714 | ||
3ef0e1f8 AS |
1715 | olpc_ec_timeout= [OLPC] ms delay when issuing EC commands |
1716 | Rather than timing out after 20 ms if an EC | |
1717 | command is not properly ACKed, override the length | |
1718 | of the timeout. We have interrupts disabled while | |
1719 | waiting for the ACK, so if this is set too high | |
1720 | interrupts *may* be lost! | |
1721 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1722 | opl3= [HW,OSS] |
1723 | Format: <io> | |
1724 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1725 | oprofile.timer= [HW] |
1726 | Use timer interrupt instead of performance counters | |
1727 | ||
7e4e0bd5 RR |
1728 | oprofile.cpu_type= Force an oprofile cpu type |
1729 | This might be useful if you have an older oprofile | |
1730 | userland or if you want common events. | |
1731 | Format: { archperfmon } | |
1732 | archperfmon: [X86] Force use of architectural | |
1733 | perfmon on Intel CPUs instead of the | |
1734 | CPU specific event set. | |
1dcdb5a9 | 1735 | |
1da177e4 LT |
1736 | osst= [HW,SCSI] SCSI Tape Driver |
1737 | Format: <buffer_size>,<write_threshold> | |
1738 | See also Documentation/scsi/st.txt. | |
1739 | ||
1740 | panic= [KNL] Kernel behaviour on panic | |
1741 | Format: <timeout> | |
1742 | ||
1743 | parkbd.port= [HW] Parallel port number the keyboard adapter is | |
1744 | connected to, default is 0. | |
1745 | Format: <parport#> | |
1746 | parkbd.mode= [HW] Parallel port keyboard adapter mode of operation, | |
1747 | 0 for XT, 1 for AT (default is AT). | |
a9913044 RD |
1748 | Format: <mode> |
1749 | ||
1750 | parport= [HW,PPT] Specify parallel ports. 0 disables. | |
1751 | Format: { 0 | auto | 0xBBB[,IRQ[,DMA]] } | |
1752 | Use 'auto' to force the driver to use any | |
1753 | IRQ/DMA settings detected (the default is to | |
1754 | ignore detected IRQ/DMA settings because of | |
1755 | possible conflicts). You can specify the base | |
1756 | address, IRQ, and DMA settings; IRQ and DMA | |
1757 | should be numbers, or 'auto' (for using detected | |
1758 | settings on that particular port), or 'nofifo' | |
1759 | (to avoid using a FIFO even if it is detected). | |
1760 | Parallel ports are assigned in the order they | |
1761 | are specified on the command line, starting | |
1762 | with parport0. | |
1763 | ||
1764 | parport_init_mode= [HW,PPT] | |
1765 | Configure VIA parallel port to operate in | |
1766 | a specific mode. This is necessary on Pegasos | |
1767 | computer where firmware has no options for setting | |
1768 | up parallel port mode and sets it to spp. | |
1769 | Currently this function knows 686a and 8231 chips. | |
1da177e4 LT |
1770 | Format: [spp|ps2|epp|ecp|ecpepp] |
1771 | ||
a9913044 RD |
1772 | pas2= [HW,OSS] Format: |
1773 | <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<sb_dma16> | |
1774 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1775 | pas16= [HW,SCSI] |
1776 | See header of drivers/scsi/pas16.c. | |
1777 | ||
dd287796 AM |
1778 | pause_on_oops= |
1779 | Halt all CPUs after the first oops has been printed for | |
1780 | the specified number of seconds. This is to be used if | |
1781 | your oopses keep scrolling off the screen. | |
1782 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1783 | pcbit= [HW,ISDN] |
1784 | ||
1785 | pcd. [PARIDE] | |
1786 | See header of drivers/block/paride/pcd.c. | |
31c00fc1 | 1787 | See also Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt. |
1da177e4 | 1788 | |
a9913044 | 1789 | pci=option[,option...] [PCI] various PCI subsystem options: |
1cc0ca26 BH |
1790 | earlydump [X86] dump PCI config space before the kernel |
1791 | changes anything | |
c0115606 | 1792 | off [X86] don't probe for the PCI bus |
cd4f0ef7 | 1793 | bios [X86-32] force use of PCI BIOS, don't access |
a9913044 RD |
1794 | the hardware directly. Use this if your machine |
1795 | has a non-standard PCI host bridge. | |
cd4f0ef7 | 1796 | nobios [X86-32] disallow use of PCI BIOS, only direct |
a9913044 RD |
1797 | hardware access methods are allowed. Use this |
1798 | if you experience crashes upon bootup and you | |
1799 | suspect they are caused by the BIOS. | |
c0115606 | 1800 | conf1 [X86] Force use of PCI Configuration |
a9913044 | 1801 | Mechanism 1. |
c0115606 | 1802 | conf2 [X86] Force use of PCI Configuration |
a9913044 | 1803 | Mechanism 2. |
7f785763 RD |
1804 | noaer [PCIE] If the PCIEAER kernel config parameter is |
1805 | enabled, this kernel boot option can be used to | |
1806 | disable the use of PCIE advanced error reporting. | |
32a2eea7 JG |
1807 | nodomains [PCI] Disable support for multiple PCI |
1808 | root domains (aka PCI segments, in ACPI-speak). | |
6cececfc | 1809 | nommconf [X86] Disable use of MMCONFIG for PCI |
61be6d66 | 1810 | Configuration |
12983077 AH |
1811 | check_enable_amd_mmconf [X86] check for and enable |
1812 | properly configured MMIO access to PCI | |
1813 | config space on AMD family 10h CPU | |
309e57df MW |
1814 | nomsi [MSI] If the PCI_MSI kernel config parameter is |
1815 | enabled, this kernel boot option can be used to | |
1816 | disable the use of MSI interrupts system-wide. | |
a9322f64 SA |
1817 | noioapicquirk [APIC] Disable all boot interrupt quirks. |
1818 | Safety option to keep boot IRQs enabled. This | |
1819 | should never be necessary. | |
9197979b SA |
1820 | ioapicreroute [APIC] Enable rerouting of boot IRQs to the |
1821 | primary IO-APIC for bridges that cannot disable | |
1822 | boot IRQs. This fixes a source of spurious IRQs | |
1823 | when the system masks IRQs. | |
41b9eb26 SA |
1824 | noioapicreroute [APIC] Disable workaround that uses the |
1825 | boot IRQ equivalent of an IRQ that connects to | |
1826 | a chipset where boot IRQs cannot be disabled. | |
1827 | The opposite of ioapicreroute. | |
cd4f0ef7 | 1828 | biosirq [X86-32] Use PCI BIOS calls to get the interrupt |
a9913044 RD |
1829 | routing table. These calls are known to be buggy |
1830 | on several machines and they hang the machine | |
1831 | when used, but on other computers it's the only | |
1832 | way to get the interrupt routing table. Try | |
1833 | this option if the kernel is unable to allocate | |
1834 | IRQs or discover secondary PCI buses on your | |
1835 | motherboard. | |
c0115606 | 1836 | rom [X86] Assign address space to expansion ROMs. |
a9913044 RD |
1837 | Use with caution as certain devices share |
1838 | address decoders between ROMs and other | |
1839 | resources. | |
c0115606 | 1840 | norom [X86] Do not assign address space to |
bb71ad88 GH |
1841 | expansion ROMs that do not already have |
1842 | BIOS assigned address ranges. | |
c0115606 | 1843 | irqmask=0xMMMM [X86] Set a bit mask of IRQs allowed to be |
a9913044 RD |
1844 | assigned automatically to PCI devices. You can |
1845 | make the kernel exclude IRQs of your ISA cards | |
1846 | this way. | |
c0115606 | 1847 | pirqaddr=0xAAAAA [X86] Specify the physical address |
a9913044 RD |
1848 | of the PIRQ table (normally generated |
1849 | by the BIOS) if it is outside the | |
1850 | F0000h-100000h range. | |
c0115606 | 1851 | lastbus=N [X86] Scan all buses thru bus #N. Can be |
a9913044 RD |
1852 | useful if the kernel is unable to find your |
1853 | secondary buses and you want to tell it | |
1854 | explicitly which ones they are. | |
c0115606 | 1855 | assign-busses [X86] Always assign all PCI bus |
a9913044 RD |
1856 | numbers ourselves, overriding |
1857 | whatever the firmware may have done. | |
c0115606 | 1858 | usepirqmask [X86] Honor the possible IRQ mask stored |
a9913044 RD |
1859 | in the BIOS $PIR table. This is needed on |
1860 | some systems with broken BIOSes, notably | |
1861 | some HP Pavilion N5400 and Omnibook XE3 | |
1862 | notebooks. This will have no effect if ACPI | |
1863 | IRQ routing is enabled. | |
c0115606 | 1864 | noacpi [X86] Do not use ACPI for IRQ routing |
a9913044 | 1865 | or for PCI scanning. |
9e9f46c4 | 1866 | nocrs [X86] Don't use _CRS for PCI resource |
62f420f8 | 1867 | allocation. |
a9913044 RD |
1868 | routeirq Do IRQ routing for all PCI devices. |
1869 | This is normally done in pci_enable_device(), | |
1870 | so this option is a temporary workaround | |
1871 | for broken drivers that don't call it. | |
13a6ddb0 YL |
1872 | skip_isa_align [X86] do not align io start addr, so can |
1873 | handle more pci cards | |
a9913044 RD |
1874 | firmware [ARM] Do not re-enumerate the bus but instead |
1875 | just use the configuration from the | |
1876 | bootloader. This is currently used on | |
1877 | IXP2000 systems where the bus has to be | |
1878 | configured a certain way for adjunct CPUs. | |
0637a70a AK |
1879 | noearly [X86] Don't do any early type 1 scanning. |
1880 | This might help on some broken boards which | |
1881 | machine check when some devices' config space | |
1882 | is read. But various workarounds are disabled | |
1883 | and some IOMMU drivers will not work. | |
6b4b78fe MD |
1884 | bfsort Sort PCI devices into breadth-first order. |
1885 | This sorting is done to get a device | |
1886 | order compatible with older (<= 2.4) kernels. | |
1887 | nobfsort Don't sort PCI devices into breadth-first order. | |
4516a618 AN |
1888 | cbiosize=nn[KMG] The fixed amount of bus space which is |
1889 | reserved for the CardBus bridge's IO window. | |
1890 | The default value is 256 bytes. | |
1891 | cbmemsize=nn[KMG] The fixed amount of bus space which is | |
1892 | reserved for the CardBus bridge's memory | |
1893 | window. The default value is 64 megabytes. | |
32a9a682 YS |
1894 | resource_alignment= |
1895 | Format: | |
1896 | [<order of align>@][<domain>:]<bus>:<slot>.<func>[; ...] | |
1897 | Specifies alignment and device to reassign | |
1898 | aligned memory resources. | |
1899 | If <order of align> is not specified, | |
1900 | PAGE_SIZE is used as alignment. | |
1901 | PCI-PCI bridge can be specified, if resource | |
1902 | windows need to be expanded. | |
43c16408 AP |
1903 | ecrc= Enable/disable PCIe ECRC (transaction layer |
1904 | end-to-end CRC checking). | |
1905 | bios: Use BIOS/firmware settings. This is the | |
1906 | the default. | |
1907 | off: Turn ECRC off | |
1908 | on: Turn ECRC on. | |
6b4b78fe | 1909 | |
e5665a45 CE |
1910 | pcie_aspm= [PCIE] Forcibly enable or disable PCIe Active State Power |
1911 | Management. | |
1912 | off Disable ASPM. | |
1913 | force Enable ASPM even on devices that claim not to support it. | |
1914 | WARNING: Forcing ASPM on may cause system lockups. | |
1915 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1916 | pcmv= [HW,PCMCIA] BadgePAD 4 |
1917 | ||
1918 | pd. [PARIDE] | |
31c00fc1 | 1919 | See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt. |
1da177e4 LT |
1920 | |
1921 | pdcchassis= [PARISC,HW] Disable/Enable PDC Chassis Status codes at | |
1922 | boot time. | |
1923 | Format: { 0 | 1 } | |
1924 | See arch/parisc/kernel/pdc_chassis.c | |
1925 | ||
1926 | pf. [PARIDE] | |
31c00fc1 | 1927 | See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt. |
1da177e4 LT |
1928 | |
1929 | pg. [PARIDE] | |
31c00fc1 | 1930 | See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt. |
1da177e4 LT |
1931 | |
1932 | pirq= [SMP,APIC] Manual mp-table setup | |
71cced6e | 1933 | See Documentation/x86/i386/IO-APIC.txt. |
1da177e4 LT |
1934 | |
1935 | plip= [PPT,NET] Parallel port network link | |
1936 | Format: { parport<nr> | timid | 0 } | |
1937 | See also Documentation/parport.txt. | |
1938 | ||
de32a243 TG |
1939 | pmtmr= [X86] Manual setup of pmtmr I/O Port. |
1940 | Override pmtimer IOPort with a hex value. | |
1941 | e.g. pmtmr=0x508 | |
1942 | ||
97ef062b BH |
1943 | pnp.debug [PNP] |
1944 | Enable PNP debug messages. This depends on the | |
1945 | CONFIG_PNP_DEBUG_MESSAGES option. | |
1946 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
1947 | pnpacpi= [ACPI] |
1948 | { off } | |
1949 | ||
1950 | pnpbios= [ISAPNP] | |
1951 | { on | off | curr | res | no-curr | no-res } | |
1952 | ||
1953 | pnp_reserve_irq= | |
1954 | [ISAPNP] Exclude IRQs for the autoconfiguration | |
1955 | ||
1956 | pnp_reserve_dma= | |
1957 | [ISAPNP] Exclude DMAs for the autoconfiguration | |
1958 | ||
1959 | pnp_reserve_io= [ISAPNP] Exclude I/O ports for the autoconfiguration | |
a9913044 | 1960 | Ranges are in pairs (I/O port base and size). |
1da177e4 LT |
1961 | |
1962 | pnp_reserve_mem= | |
a9913044 RD |
1963 | [ISAPNP] Exclude memory regions for the |
1964 | autoconfiguration. | |
1da177e4 LT |
1965 | Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size). |
1966 | ||
4af94f39 RD |
1967 | ports= [IP_VS_FTP] IPVS ftp helper module |
1968 | Default is 21. | |
1969 | Up to 8 (IP_VS_APP_MAX_PORTS) ports | |
1970 | may be specified. | |
1971 | Format: <port>,<port>.... | |
1972 | ||
45807a1d IM |
1973 | print-fatal-signals= |
1974 | [KNL] debug: print fatal signals | |
1975 | print-fatal-signals=1: print segfault info to | |
1976 | the kernel console. | |
1977 | default: off. | |
1978 | ||
e84845c4 RD |
1979 | printk.time= Show timing data prefixed to each printk message line |
1980 | Format: <bool> (1/Y/y=enable, 0/N/n=disable) | |
1981 | ||
0cb55ad2 RD |
1982 | processor.max_cstate= [HW,ACPI] |
1983 | Limit processor to maximum C-state | |
1984 | max_cstate=9 overrides any DMI blacklist limit. | |
1985 | ||
1986 | processor.nocst [HW,ACPI] | |
1987 | Ignore the _CST method to determine C-states, | |
1988 | instead using the legacy FADT method | |
1989 | ||
1da177e4 | 1990 | profile= [KNL] Enable kernel profiling via /proc/profile |
a9913044 RD |
1991 | Format: [schedule,]<number> |
1992 | Param: "schedule" - profile schedule points. | |
1993 | Param: <number> - step/bucket size as a power of 2 for | |
1994 | statistical time based profiling. | |
b3da2a73 MG |
1995 | Param: "sleep" - profile D-state sleeping (millisecs). |
1996 | Requires CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS | |
c0fe2e69 | 1997 | Param: "kvm" - profile VM exits. |
1da177e4 | 1998 | |
1da177e4 LT |
1999 | prompt_ramdisk= [RAM] List of RAM disks to prompt for floppy disk |
2000 | before loading. | |
31c00fc1 | 2001 | See Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt. |
1da177e4 | 2002 | |
a9913044 RD |
2003 | psmouse.proto= [HW,MOUSE] Highest PS2 mouse protocol extension to |
2004 | probe for; one of (bare|imps|exps|lifebook|any). | |
1da177e4 LT |
2005 | psmouse.rate= [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse report rate, in reports |
2006 | per second. | |
a9913044 RD |
2007 | psmouse.resetafter= [HW,MOUSE] |
2008 | Try to reset the device after so many bad packets | |
1da177e4 LT |
2009 | (0 = never). |
2010 | psmouse.resolution= | |
2011 | [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse resolution, in dpi. | |
2012 | psmouse.smartscroll= | |
a9913044 | 2013 | [HW,MOUSE] Controls Logitech smartscroll autorepeat. |
1da177e4 LT |
2014 | 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled (default). |
2015 | ||
2016 | pss= [HW,OSS] Personal Sound System (ECHO ESC614) | |
a9913044 RD |
2017 | Format: |
2018 | <io>,<mss_io>,<mss_irq>,<mss_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq> | |
1da177e4 LT |
2019 | |
2020 | pt. [PARIDE] | |
31c00fc1 | 2021 | See Documentation/blockdev/paride.txt. |
1da177e4 | 2022 | |
dc8c8587 KS |
2023 | pty.legacy_count= |
2024 | [KNL] Number of legacy pty's. Overwrites compiled-in | |
2025 | default number. | |
2026 | ||
7d2c502f | 2027 | quiet [KNL] Disable most log messages |
a9913044 | 2028 | |
1da177e4 LT |
2029 | r128= [HW,DRM] |
2030 | ||
2031 | raid= [HW,RAID] | |
2032 | See Documentation/md.txt. | |
2033 | ||
a9913044 | 2034 | ramdisk_blocksize= [RAM] |
31c00fc1 | 2035 | See Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt. |
a9913044 | 2036 | |
1da177e4 | 2037 | ramdisk_size= [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes |
31c00fc1 | 2038 | See Documentation/blockdev/ramdisk.txt. |
1da177e4 | 2039 | |
24aaef8d RD |
2040 | rcupdate.blimit= [KNL,BOOT] |
2041 | Set maximum number of finished RCU callbacks to process | |
2042 | in one batch. | |
21a1ea9e | 2043 | |
24aaef8d RD |
2044 | rcupdate.qhimark= [KNL,BOOT] |
2045 | Set threshold of queued | |
21a1ea9e DS |
2046 | RCU callbacks over which batch limiting is disabled. |
2047 | ||
24aaef8d RD |
2048 | rcupdate.qlowmark= [KNL,BOOT] |
2049 | Set threshold of queued RCU callbacks below which | |
2050 | batch limiting is re-enabled. | |
21a1ea9e | 2051 | |
ffdfc409 OJ |
2052 | rdinit= [KNL] |
2053 | Format: <full_path> | |
2054 | Run specified binary instead of /init from the ramdisk, | |
2055 | used for early userspace startup. See initrd. | |
2056 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 2057 | reboot= [BUGS=X86-32,BUGS=ARM,BUGS=IA-64] Rebooting mode |
1da177e4 | 2058 | Format: <reboot_mode>[,<reboot_mode2>[,...]] |
ecb08d81 | 2059 | See arch/*/kernel/reboot.c or arch/*/kernel/process.c |
1da177e4 | 2060 | |
46b6d94e PJ |
2061 | relax_domain_level= |
2062 | [KNL, SMP] Set scheduler's default relax_domain_level. | |
21acb9ca | 2063 | See Documentation/cgroups/cpusets.txt. |
46b6d94e | 2064 | |
1da177e4 LT |
2065 | reserve= [KNL,BUGS] Force the kernel to ignore some iomem area |
2066 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 2067 | reservetop= [X86-32] |
461a9aff ZA |
2068 | Format: nn[KMG] |
2069 | Reserves a hole at the top of the kernel virtual | |
2070 | address space. | |
2071 | ||
7e96287d VG |
2072 | reset_devices [KNL] Force drivers to reset the underlying device |
2073 | during initialization. | |
2074 | ||
a9913044 RD |
2075 | resume= [SWSUSP] |
2076 | Specify the partition device for software suspend | |
1da177e4 | 2077 | |
ecbd0da1 RW |
2078 | resume_offset= [SWSUSP] |
2079 | Specify the offset from the beginning of the partition | |
2080 | given by "resume=" at which the swap header is located, | |
2081 | in <PAGE_SIZE> units (needed only for swap files). | |
2082 | See Documentation/power/swsusp-and-swap-files.txt | |
2083 | ||
0a7b35cb MN |
2084 | retain_initrd [RAM] Keep initrd memory after extraction |
2085 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
2086 | rhash_entries= [KNL,NET] |
2087 | Set number of hash buckets for route cache | |
2088 | ||
2089 | riscom8= [HW,SERIAL] | |
2090 | Format: <io_board1>[,<io_board2>[,...<io_boardN>]] | |
2091 | ||
2092 | ro [KNL] Mount root device read-only on boot | |
2093 | ||
2094 | root= [KNL] Root filesystem | |
2095 | ||
2096 | rootdelay= [KNL] Delay (in seconds) to pause before attempting to | |
2097 | mount the root filesystem | |
2098 | ||
2099 | rootflags= [KNL] Set root filesystem mount option string | |
2100 | ||
2101 | rootfstype= [KNL] Set root filesystem type | |
2102 | ||
cc1ed754 PO |
2103 | rootwait [KNL] Wait (indefinitely) for root device to show up. |
2104 | Useful for devices that are detected asynchronously | |
2105 | (e.g. USB and MMC devices). | |
2106 | ||
20510f2f JM |
2107 | root_plug.vendor_id= |
2108 | [ROOTPLUG] Override the default vendor ID | |
2109 | ||
2110 | root_plug.product_id= | |
2111 | [ROOTPLUG] Override the default product ID | |
2112 | ||
2113 | root_plug.debug= | |
2114 | [ROOTPLUG] Enable debugging output | |
2115 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
2116 | rw [KNL] Mount root device read-write on boot |
2117 | ||
2118 | S [KNL] Run init in single mode | |
2119 | ||
2120 | sa1100ir [NET] | |
2121 | See drivers/net/irda/sa1100_ir.c. | |
2122 | ||
1da177e4 | 2123 | sbni= [NET] Granch SBNI12 leased line adapter |
a9913044 | 2124 | |
1da177e4 LT |
2125 | sc1200wdt= [HW,WDT] SC1200 WDT (watchdog) driver |
2126 | Format: <io>[,<timeout>[,<isapnp>]] | |
2127 | ||
2128 | scsi_debug_*= [SCSI] | |
2129 | See drivers/scsi/scsi_debug.c. | |
2130 | ||
2131 | scsi_default_dev_flags= | |
2132 | [SCSI] SCSI default device flags | |
2133 | Format: <integer> | |
2134 | ||
2135 | scsi_dev_flags= [SCSI] Black/white list entry for vendor and model | |
2136 | Format: <vendor>:<model>:<flags> | |
2137 | (flags are integer value) | |
2138 | ||
6af6632a RD |
2139 | scsi_logging_level= [SCSI] a bit mask of logging levels |
2140 | See drivers/scsi/scsi_logging.h for bits. Also | |
2141 | settable via sysctl at dev.scsi.logging_level | |
2142 | (/proc/sys/dev/scsi/logging_level). | |
2143 | There is also a nice 'scsi_logging_level' script in the | |
2144 | S390-tools package, available for download at | |
2145 | http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/linux390/s390-tools-1.5.4.html | |
1da177e4 | 2146 | |
3e082a91 MW |
2147 | scsi_mod.scan= [SCSI] sync (default) scans SCSI busses as they are |
2148 | discovered. async scans them in kernel threads, | |
2149 | allowing boot to proceed. none ignores them, expecting | |
2150 | user space to do the scan. | |
2151 | ||
0cb55ad2 RD |
2152 | security= [SECURITY] Choose a security module to enable at boot. |
2153 | If this boot parameter is not specified, only the first | |
2154 | security module asking for security registration will be | |
2155 | loaded. An invalid security module name will be treated | |
2156 | as if no module has been chosen. | |
2157 | ||
2158 | selinux= [SELINUX] Disable or enable SELinux at boot time. | |
1da177e4 LT |
2159 | Format: { "0" | "1" } |
2160 | See security/selinux/Kconfig help text. | |
2161 | 0 -- disable. | |
2162 | 1 -- enable. | |
2163 | Default value is set via kernel config option. | |
2164 | If enabled at boot time, /selinux/disable can be used | |
2165 | later to disable prior to initial policy load. | |
2166 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 2167 | serialnumber [BUGS=X86-32] |
1da177e4 | 2168 | |
1da177e4 LT |
2169 | shapers= [NET] |
2170 | Maximal number of shapers. | |
a9913044 | 2171 | |
b05f78f5 YL |
2172 | show_msr= [x86] show boot-time MSR settings |
2173 | Format: { <integer> } | |
2174 | Show boot-time (BIOS-initialized) MSR settings. | |
2175 | The parameter means the number of CPUs to show, | |
2176 | for example 1 means boot CPU only. | |
2177 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
2178 | sim710= [SCSI,HW] |
2179 | See header of drivers/scsi/sim710.c. | |
2180 | ||
2181 | simeth= [IA-64] | |
2182 | simscsi= | |
a9913044 | 2183 | |
1da177e4 LT |
2184 | slram= [HW,MTD] |
2185 | ||
f0630fff CL |
2186 | slub_debug[=options[,slabs]] [MM, SLUB] |
2187 | Enabling slub_debug allows one to determine the | |
2188 | culprit if slab objects become corrupted. Enabling | |
2189 | slub_debug can create guard zones around objects and | |
2190 | may poison objects when not in use. Also tracks the | |
2191 | last alloc / free. For more information see | |
2192 | Documentation/vm/slub.txt. | |
c1aee215 CL |
2193 | |
2194 | slub_max_order= [MM, SLUB] | |
f0630fff CL |
2195 | Determines the maximum allowed order for slabs. |
2196 | A high setting may cause OOMs due to memory | |
2197 | fragmentation. For more information see | |
2198 | Documentation/vm/slub.txt. | |
c1aee215 CL |
2199 | |
2200 | slub_min_objects= [MM, SLUB] | |
f0630fff CL |
2201 | The minimum number of objects per slab. SLUB will |
2202 | increase the slab order up to slub_max_order to | |
2203 | generate a sufficiently large slab able to contain | |
2204 | the number of objects indicated. The higher the number | |
2205 | of objects the smaller the overhead of tracking slabs | |
2206 | and the less frequently locks need to be acquired. | |
c1aee215 CL |
2207 | For more information see Documentation/vm/slub.txt. |
2208 | ||
2209 | slub_min_order= [MM, SLUB] | |
2210 | Determines the mininum page order for slabs. Must be | |
f0630fff | 2211 | lower than slub_max_order. |
c1aee215 CL |
2212 | For more information see Documentation/vm/slub.txt. |
2213 | ||
2214 | slub_nomerge [MM, SLUB] | |
f0630fff | 2215 | Disable merging of slabs with similar size. May be |
c1aee215 | 2216 | necessary if there is some reason to distinguish |
f0630fff CL |
2217 | allocs to different slabs. Debug options disable |
2218 | merging on their own. | |
c1aee215 CL |
2219 | For more information see Documentation/vm/slub.txt. |
2220 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
2221 | smart2= [HW] |
2222 | Format: <io1>[,<io2>[,...,<io8>]] | |
2223 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 2224 | smp-alt-once [X86-32,SMP] On a hotplug CPU system, only |
b7fb4af0 JF |
2225 | attempt to substitute SMP alternatives once at boot. |
2226 | ||
d0d4f69b BH |
2227 | smsc-ircc2.nopnp [HW] Don't use PNP to discover SMC devices |
2228 | smsc-ircc2.ircc_cfg= [HW] Device configuration I/O port | |
2229 | smsc-ircc2.ircc_sir= [HW] SIR base I/O port | |
2230 | smsc-ircc2.ircc_fir= [HW] FIR base I/O port | |
2231 | smsc-ircc2.ircc_irq= [HW] IRQ line | |
2232 | smsc-ircc2.ircc_dma= [HW] DMA channel | |
2233 | smsc-ircc2.ircc_transceiver= [HW] Transceiver type: | |
2234 | 0: Toshiba Satellite 1800 (GP data pin select) | |
2235 | 1: Fast pin select (default) | |
2236 | 2: ATC IRMode | |
2237 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
2238 | snd-ad1816a= [HW,ALSA] |
2239 | ||
2240 | snd-ad1848= [HW,ALSA] | |
2241 | ||
2242 | snd-ali5451= [HW,ALSA] | |
2243 | ||
2244 | snd-als100= [HW,ALSA] | |
2245 | ||
2246 | snd-als4000= [HW,ALSA] | |
2247 | ||
2248 | snd-azt2320= [HW,ALSA] | |
2249 | ||
2250 | snd-cmi8330= [HW,ALSA] | |
2251 | ||
2252 | snd-cmipci= [HW,ALSA] | |
2253 | ||
2254 | snd-cs4231= [HW,ALSA] | |
2255 | ||
2256 | snd-cs4232= [HW,ALSA] | |
2257 | ||
2258 | snd-cs4236= [HW,ALSA] | |
2259 | ||
2260 | snd-cs4281= [HW,ALSA] | |
2261 | ||
2262 | snd-cs46xx= [HW,ALSA] | |
2263 | ||
2264 | snd-dt019x= [HW,ALSA] | |
2265 | ||
2266 | snd-dummy= [HW,ALSA] | |
2267 | ||
2268 | snd-emu10k1= [HW,ALSA] | |
2269 | ||
2270 | snd-ens1370= [HW,ALSA] | |
2271 | ||
2272 | snd-ens1371= [HW,ALSA] | |
2273 | ||
2274 | snd-es968= [HW,ALSA] | |
2275 | ||
2276 | snd-es1688= [HW,ALSA] | |
2277 | ||
2278 | snd-es18xx= [HW,ALSA] | |
2279 | ||
2280 | snd-es1938= [HW,ALSA] | |
2281 | ||
2282 | snd-es1968= [HW,ALSA] | |
2283 | ||
2284 | snd-fm801= [HW,ALSA] | |
2285 | ||
2286 | snd-gusclassic= [HW,ALSA] | |
2287 | ||
2288 | snd-gusextreme= [HW,ALSA] | |
2289 | ||
2290 | snd-gusmax= [HW,ALSA] | |
2291 | ||
2292 | snd-hdsp= [HW,ALSA] | |
2293 | ||
2294 | snd-ice1712= [HW,ALSA] | |
2295 | ||
2296 | snd-intel8x0= [HW,ALSA] | |
2297 | ||
2298 | snd-interwave= [HW,ALSA] | |
2299 | ||
2300 | snd-interwave-stb= | |
2301 | [HW,ALSA] | |
2302 | ||
2303 | snd-korg1212= [HW,ALSA] | |
2304 | ||
2305 | snd-maestro3= [HW,ALSA] | |
2306 | ||
2307 | snd-mpu401= [HW,ALSA] | |
2308 | ||
2309 | snd-mtpav= [HW,ALSA] | |
2310 | ||
2311 | snd-nm256= [HW,ALSA] | |
2312 | ||
2313 | snd-opl3sa2= [HW,ALSA] | |
2314 | ||
2315 | snd-opti92x-ad1848= | |
2316 | [HW,ALSA] | |
2317 | ||
2318 | snd-opti92x-cs4231= | |
2319 | [HW,ALSA] | |
2320 | ||
2321 | snd-opti93x= [HW,ALSA] | |
2322 | ||
2323 | snd-pmac= [HW,ALSA] | |
2324 | ||
2325 | snd-rme32= [HW,ALSA] | |
2326 | ||
2327 | snd-rme96= [HW,ALSA] | |
2328 | ||
2329 | snd-rme9652= [HW,ALSA] | |
2330 | ||
2331 | snd-sb8= [HW,ALSA] | |
2332 | ||
2333 | snd-sb16= [HW,ALSA] | |
2334 | ||
2335 | snd-sbawe= [HW,ALSA] | |
2336 | ||
2337 | snd-serial= [HW,ALSA] | |
2338 | ||
2339 | snd-sgalaxy= [HW,ALSA] | |
2340 | ||
2341 | snd-sonicvibes= [HW,ALSA] | |
2342 | ||
2343 | snd-sun-amd7930= | |
2344 | [HW,ALSA] | |
2345 | ||
2346 | snd-sun-cs4231= [HW,ALSA] | |
2347 | ||
2348 | snd-trident= [HW,ALSA] | |
2349 | ||
2350 | snd-usb-audio= [HW,ALSA,USB] | |
2351 | ||
2352 | snd-via82xx= [HW,ALSA] | |
2353 | ||
2354 | snd-virmidi= [HW,ALSA] | |
2355 | ||
2356 | snd-wavefront= [HW,ALSA] | |
2357 | ||
2358 | snd-ymfpci= [HW,ALSA] | |
a9913044 | 2359 | |
9c44bc03 IM |
2360 | softlockup_panic= |
2361 | [KNL] Should the soft-lockup detector generate panics. | |
2362 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
2363 | sonypi.*= [HW] Sony Programmable I/O Control Device driver |
2364 | See Documentation/sonypi.txt | |
2365 | ||
2366 | specialix= [HW,SERIAL] Specialix multi-serial port adapter | |
31c00fc1 | 2367 | See Documentation/serial/specialix.txt. |
1da177e4 LT |
2368 | |
2369 | spia_io_base= [HW,MTD] | |
2370 | spia_fio_base= | |
2371 | spia_pedr= | |
2372 | spia_peddr= | |
2373 | ||
2374 | sscape= [HW,OSS] | |
2375 | Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq> | |
a9913044 | 2376 | |
1da177e4 LT |
2377 | st= [HW,SCSI] SCSI tape parameters (buffers, etc.) |
2378 | See Documentation/scsi/st.txt. | |
2379 | ||
f38f1d2a SR |
2380 | stacktrace [FTRACE] |
2381 | Enabled the stack tracer on boot up. | |
2382 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
2383 | sti= [PARISC,HW] |
2384 | Format: <num> | |
2385 | Set the STI (builtin display/keyboard on the HP-PARISC | |
2386 | machines) console (graphic card) which should be used | |
2387 | as the initial boot-console. | |
2388 | See also comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c. | |
2389 | ||
2390 | sti_font= [HW] | |
2391 | See comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c. | |
2392 | ||
2393 | stifb= [HW] | |
2394 | Format: bpp:<bpp1>[:<bpp2>[:<bpp3>...]] | |
2395 | ||
42a7fc4a GB |
2396 | sunrpc.pool_mode= |
2397 | [NFS] | |
2398 | Control how the NFS server code allocates CPUs to | |
2399 | service thread pools. Depending on how many NICs | |
2400 | you have and where their interrupts are bound, this | |
2401 | option will affect which CPUs will do NFS serving. | |
2402 | Note: this parameter cannot be changed while the | |
2403 | NFS server is running. | |
2404 | ||
2405 | auto the server chooses an appropriate mode | |
2406 | automatically using heuristics | |
2407 | global a single global pool contains all CPUs | |
2408 | percpu one pool for each CPU | |
2409 | pernode one pool for each NUMA node (equivalent | |
2410 | to global on non-NUMA machines) | |
2411 | ||
1da177e4 | 2412 | swiotlb= [IA-64] Number of I/O TLB slabs |
a9913044 | 2413 | |
1da177e4 LT |
2414 | switches= [HW,M68k] |
2415 | ||
2416 | sym53c416= [HW,SCSI] | |
2417 | See header of drivers/scsi/sym53c416.c. | |
2418 | ||
5d6f647f IM |
2419 | sysrq_always_enabled |
2420 | [KNL] | |
2421 | Ignore sysrq setting - this boot parameter will | |
2422 | neutralize any effect of /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq. | |
2423 | Useful for debugging. | |
2424 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
2425 | t128= [HW,SCSI] |
2426 | See header of drivers/scsi/t128.c. | |
2427 | ||
2428 | tdfx= [HW,DRM] | |
2429 | ||
77437fd4 DB |
2430 | test_suspend= [SUSPEND] |
2431 | Specify "mem" (for Suspend-to-RAM) or "standby" (for | |
2432 | standby suspend) as the system sleep state to briefly | |
2433 | enter during system startup. The system is woken from | |
2434 | this state using a wakeup-capable RTC alarm. | |
2435 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
2436 | thash_entries= [KNL,NET] |
2437 | Set number of hash buckets for TCP connection | |
2438 | ||
f8707ec9 LB |
2439 | thermal.act= [HW,ACPI] |
2440 | -1: disable all active trip points in all thermal zones | |
2441 | <degrees C>: override all lowest active trip points | |
2442 | ||
c52a7419 LB |
2443 | thermal.crt= [HW,ACPI] |
2444 | -1: disable all critical trip points in all thermal zones | |
22a94d79 | 2445 | <degrees C>: override all critical trip points |
c52a7419 | 2446 | |
f5487145 LB |
2447 | thermal.nocrt= [HW,ACPI] |
2448 | Set to disable actions on ACPI thermal zone | |
2449 | critical and hot trip points. | |
2450 | ||
72b33ef8 LB |
2451 | thermal.off= [HW,ACPI] |
2452 | 1: disable ACPI thermal control | |
2453 | ||
a70cdc52 LB |
2454 | thermal.psv= [HW,ACPI] |
2455 | -1: disable all passive trip points | |
ada9cfdd RD |
2456 | <degrees C>: override all passive trip points to this |
2457 | value | |
a70cdc52 | 2458 | |
730ff34d LB |
2459 | thermal.tzp= [HW,ACPI] |
2460 | Specify global default ACPI thermal zone polling rate | |
2461 | <deci-seconds>: poll all this frequency | |
2462 | 0: no polling (default) | |
2463 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
2464 | tmscsim= [HW,SCSI] |
2465 | See comment before function dc390_setup() in | |
2466 | drivers/scsi/tmscsim.c. | |
2467 | ||
2b1a61f0 HC |
2468 | topology= [S390] |
2469 | Format: {off | on} | |
2470 | Specify if the kernel should make use of the cpu | |
2471 | topology informations if the hardware supports these. | |
2472 | The scheduler will make use of these informations and | |
2473 | e.g. base its process migration decisions on it. | |
2474 | Default is off. | |
2475 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
2476 | tp720= [HW,PS2] |
2477 | ||
631595fb KM |
2478 | trace_buf_size=nn[KMG] [ftrace] will set tracing buffer size. |
2479 | ||
1da177e4 | 2480 | trix= [HW,OSS] MediaTrix AudioTrix Pro |
a9913044 RD |
2481 | Format: |
2482 | <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq> | |
2483 | ||
395628ef AK |
2484 | tsc= Disable clocksource-must-verify flag for TSC. |
2485 | Format: <string> | |
2486 | [x86] reliable: mark tsc clocksource as reliable, this | |
2487 | disables clocksource verification at runtime. | |
2488 | Used to enable high-resolution timer mode on older | |
2489 | hardware, and in virtualized environment. | |
2490 | ||
a9913044 RD |
2491 | turbografx.map[2|3]= [HW,JOY] |
2492 | TurboGraFX parallel port interface | |
2493 | Format: | |
2494 | <port#>,<js1>,<js2>,<js3>,<js4>,<js5>,<js6>,<js7> | |
1da177e4 LT |
2495 | See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt |
2496 | ||
2497 | u14-34f= [HW,SCSI] UltraStor 14F/34F SCSI host adapter | |
2498 | See header of drivers/scsi/u14-34f.c. | |
2499 | ||
2500 | uart401= [HW,OSS] | |
2501 | Format: <io>,<irq> | |
2502 | ||
2503 | uart6850= [HW,OSS] | |
2504 | Format: <io>,<irq> | |
2505 | ||
5f8364b7 AS |
2506 | uhci-hcd.ignore_oc= |
2507 | [USB] Ignore overcurrent events (default N). | |
2508 | Some badly-designed motherboards generate lots of | |
2509 | bogus events, for ports that aren't wired to | |
2510 | anything. Set this parameter to avoid log spamming. | |
2511 | Note that genuine overcurrent events won't be | |
2512 | reported either. | |
2513 | ||
e3a61b0a | 2514 | unknown_nmi_panic |
6cececfc | 2515 | [X86] |
e3a61b0a SA |
2516 | Set unknown_nmi_panic=1 early on boot. |
2517 | ||
b5e795f8 AS |
2518 | usbcore.autosuspend= |
2519 | [USB] The autosuspend time delay (in seconds) used | |
2520 | for newly-detected USB devices (default 2). This | |
2521 | is the time required before an idle device will be | |
2522 | autosuspended. Devices for which the delay is set | |
eaafbc3a | 2523 | to a negative value won't be autosuspended at all. |
b5e795f8 | 2524 | |
fd7c519d JK |
2525 | usbcore.usbfs_snoop= |
2526 | [USB] Set to log all usbfs traffic (default 0 = off). | |
2527 | ||
2528 | usbcore.blinkenlights= | |
2529 | [USB] Set to cycle leds on hubs (default 0 = off). | |
2530 | ||
2531 | usbcore.old_scheme_first= | |
2532 | [USB] Start with the old device initialization | |
2533 | scheme (default 0 = off). | |
2534 | ||
2535 | usbcore.use_both_schemes= | |
2536 | [USB] Try the other device initialization scheme | |
2537 | if the first one fails (default 1 = enabled). | |
2538 | ||
2539 | usbcore.initial_descriptor_timeout= | |
2540 | [USB] Specifies timeout for the initial 64-byte | |
2541 | USB_REQ_GET_DESCRIPTOR request in milliseconds | |
2542 | (default 5000 = 5.0 seconds). | |
2543 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
2544 | usbhid.mousepoll= |
2545 | [USBHID] The interval which mice are to be polled at. | |
a9913044 | 2546 | |
d4f373e5 AS |
2547 | usb-storage.delay_use= |
2548 | [UMS] The delay in seconds before a new device is | |
2549 | scanned for Logical Units (default 5). | |
2550 | ||
2551 | usb-storage.quirks= | |
2552 | [UMS] A list of quirks entries to supplement or | |
2553 | override the built-in unusual_devs list. List | |
2554 | entries are separated by commas. Each entry has | |
2555 | the form VID:PID:Flags where VID and PID are Vendor | |
2556 | and Product ID values (4-digit hex numbers) and | |
2557 | Flags is a set of characters, each corresponding | |
2558 | to a common usb-storage quirk flag as follows: | |
c838ea46 AS |
2559 | a = SANE_SENSE (collect more than 18 bytes |
2560 | of sense data); | |
d4f373e5 AS |
2561 | c = FIX_CAPACITY (decrease the reported |
2562 | device capacity by one sector); | |
c838ea46 AS |
2563 | h = CAPACITY_HEURISTICS (decrease the |
2564 | reported device capacity by one | |
2565 | sector if the number is odd); | |
d4f373e5 AS |
2566 | i = IGNORE_DEVICE (don't bind to this |
2567 | device); | |
2568 | l = NOT_LOCKABLE (don't try to lock and | |
2569 | unlock ejectable media); | |
2570 | m = MAX_SECTORS_64 (don't transfer more | |
2571 | than 64 sectors = 32 KB at a time); | |
c838ea46 AS |
2572 | o = CAPACITY_OK (accept the capacity |
2573 | reported by the device); | |
d4f373e5 AS |
2574 | r = IGNORE_RESIDUE (the device reports |
2575 | bogus residue values); | |
2576 | s = SINGLE_LUN (the device has only one | |
2577 | Logical Unit); | |
2578 | w = NO_WP_DETECT (don't test whether the | |
2579 | medium is write-protected). | |
2580 | Example: quirks=0419:aaf5:rl,0421:0433:rc | |
2581 | ||
6cececfc | 2582 | vdso= [X86,SH] |
1dbf527c | 2583 | vdso=2: enable compat VDSO (default with COMPAT_VDSO) |
e6e5494c IM |
2584 | vdso=1: enable VDSO (default) |
2585 | vdso=0: disable VDSO mapping | |
2586 | ||
6cececfc | 2587 | vdso32= [X86] |
af65d648 RM |
2588 | vdso32=2: enable compat VDSO (default with COMPAT_VDSO) |
2589 | vdso32=1: enable 32-bit VDSO (default) | |
2590 | vdso32=0: disable 32-bit VDSO mapping | |
2591 | ||
d080d397 YI |
2592 | vector= [IA-64,SMP] |
2593 | vector=percpu: enable percpu vector domain | |
2594 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
2595 | video= [FB] Frame buffer configuration |
2596 | See Documentation/fb/modedb.txt. | |
2597 | ||
cd4f0ef7 | 2598 | vga= [BOOT,X86-32] Select a particular video mode |
954a8b81 | 2599 | See Documentation/x86/boot.txt and |
a9913044 | 2600 | Documentation/svga.txt. |
1da177e4 LT |
2601 | Use vga=ask for menu. |
2602 | This is actually a boot loader parameter; the value is | |
2603 | passed to the kernel using a special protocol. | |
2604 | ||
a9913044 | 2605 | vmalloc=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] Forces the vmalloc area to have an exact |
1da177e4 LT |
2606 | size of <nn>. This can be used to increase the |
2607 | minimum size (128MB on x86). It can also be used to | |
2608 | decrease the size and leave more room for directly | |
2609 | mapped kernel RAM. | |
2610 | ||
585c3047 PO |
2611 | vmhalt= [KNL,S390] Perform z/VM CP command after system halt. |
2612 | Format: <command> | |
1da177e4 | 2613 | |
585c3047 PO |
2614 | vmpanic= [KNL,S390] Perform z/VM CP command after kernel panic. |
2615 | Format: <command> | |
2616 | ||
2617 | vmpoff= [KNL,S390] Perform z/VM CP command after power off. | |
2618 | Format: <command> | |
a9913044 | 2619 | |
0cb55ad2 RD |
2620 | vt.default_blu= [VT] |
2621 | Format: <blue0>,<blue1>,<blue2>,...,<blue15> | |
2622 | Change the default blue palette of the console. | |
2623 | This is a 16-member array composed of values | |
2624 | ranging from 0-255. | |
2625 | ||
2626 | vt.default_grn= [VT] | |
2627 | Format: <green0>,<green1>,<green2>,...,<green15> | |
2628 | Change the default green palette of the console. | |
2629 | This is a 16-member array composed of values | |
2630 | ranging from 0-255. | |
2631 | ||
2632 | vt.default_red= [VT] | |
2633 | Format: <red0>,<red1>,<red2>,...,<red15> | |
2634 | Change the default red palette of the console. | |
2635 | This is a 16-member array composed of values | |
2636 | ranging from 0-255. | |
2637 | ||
2638 | vt.default_utf8= | |
2639 | [VT] | |
2640 | Format=<0|1> | |
2641 | Set system-wide default UTF-8 mode for all tty's. | |
2642 | Default is 1, i.e. UTF-8 mode is enabled for all | |
2643 | newly opened terminals. | |
2644 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
2645 | waveartist= [HW,OSS] |
2646 | Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2> | |
a9913044 | 2647 | |
1da177e4 LT |
2648 | wd33c93= [HW,SCSI] |
2649 | See header of drivers/scsi/wd33c93.c. | |
2650 | ||
2651 | wd7000= [HW,SCSI] | |
2652 | See header of drivers/scsi/wd7000.c. | |
2653 | ||
2654 | wdt= [WDT] Watchdog | |
8dfe9c21 | 2655 | See Documentation/watchdog/wdt.txt. |
1da177e4 | 2656 | |
0cb55ad2 RD |
2657 | x2apic_phys [X86-64,APIC] Use x2apic physical mode instead of |
2658 | default x2apic cluster mode on platforms | |
2659 | supporting x2apic. | |
2660 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
2661 | xd= [HW,XT] Original XT pre-IDE (RLL encoded) disks. |
2662 | xd_geo= See header of drivers/block/xd.c. | |
2663 | ||
2664 | xirc2ps_cs= [NET,PCMCIA] | |
a9913044 RD |
2665 | Format: |
2666 | <irq>,<irq_mask>,<io>,<full_duplex>,<do_sound>,<lockup_hack>[,<irq2>[,<irq3>[,<irq4>]]] | |
1da177e4 | 2667 | |
a9913044 | 2668 | ______________________________________________________________________ |
1da177e4 LT |
2669 | |
2670 | TODO: | |
2671 | ||
2672 | Add documentation for ALSA options. | |
2673 | Add more DRM drivers. |