2 * fio - the flexible io tester
4 * Copyright (C) 2005 Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
5 * Copyright (C) 2006-2012 Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
7 * The license below covers all files distributed with fio unless otherwise
8 * noted in the file itself.
10 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
12 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
14 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
17 * GNU General Public License for more details.
19 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
21 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
40 #ifndef FIO_NO_HAVE_SHM_H
53 #include "lib/getrusage.h"
58 static pthread_t disk_util_thread;
59 static pthread_cond_t du_cond;
60 static pthread_mutex_t du_lock;
62 static struct fio_mutex *startup_mutex;
63 static struct flist_head *cgroup_list;
64 static char *cgroup_mnt;
65 static int exit_value;
66 static volatile int fio_abort;
67 static unsigned int nr_process = 0;
68 static unsigned int nr_thread = 0;
70 struct io_log *agg_io_log[DDIR_RWDIR_CNT];
73 unsigned int thread_number = 0;
74 unsigned int stat_number = 0;
77 unsigned long done_secs = 0;
78 volatile int disk_util_exit = 0;
80 #define PAGE_ALIGN(buf) \
81 (char *) (((uintptr_t) (buf) + page_mask) & ~page_mask)
83 #define JOB_START_TIMEOUT (5 * 1000)
85 static void sig_int(int sig)
89 fio_server_got_signal(sig);
91 log_info("\nfio: terminating on signal %d\n", sig);
96 fio_terminate_threads(TERMINATE_ALL);
100 static void sig_show_status(int sig)
102 show_running_run_stats();
105 static void set_sig_handlers(void)
107 struct sigaction act;
109 memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
110 act.sa_handler = sig_int;
111 act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
112 sigaction(SIGINT, &act, NULL);
114 memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
115 act.sa_handler = sig_int;
116 act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
117 sigaction(SIGTERM, &act, NULL);
119 /* Windows uses SIGBREAK as a quit signal from other applications */
121 memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
122 act.sa_handler = sig_int;
123 act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
124 sigaction(SIGBREAK, &act, NULL);
127 memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
128 act.sa_handler = sig_show_status;
129 act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
130 sigaction(SIGUSR1, &act, NULL);
133 memset(&act, 0, sizeof(act));
134 act.sa_handler = sig_int;
135 act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
136 sigaction(SIGPIPE, &act, NULL);
141 * Check if we are above the minimum rate given.
143 static int __check_min_rate(struct thread_data *td, struct timeval *now,
146 unsigned long long bytes = 0;
147 unsigned long iops = 0;
150 unsigned int ratemin = 0;
151 unsigned int rate_iops = 0;
152 unsigned int rate_iops_min = 0;
154 assert(ddir_rw(ddir));
156 if (!td->o.ratemin[ddir] && !td->o.rate_iops_min[ddir])
160 * allow a 2 second settle period in the beginning
162 if (mtime_since(&td->start, now) < 2000)
165 iops += td->this_io_blocks[ddir];
166 bytes += td->this_io_bytes[ddir];
167 ratemin += td->o.ratemin[ddir];
168 rate_iops += td->o.rate_iops[ddir];
169 rate_iops_min += td->o.rate_iops_min[ddir];
172 * if rate blocks is set, sample is running
174 if (td->rate_bytes[ddir] || td->rate_blocks[ddir]) {
175 spent = mtime_since(&td->lastrate[ddir], now);
176 if (spent < td->o.ratecycle)
179 if (td->o.rate[ddir]) {
181 * check bandwidth specified rate
183 if (bytes < td->rate_bytes[ddir]) {
184 log_err("%s: min rate %u not met\n", td->o.name,
189 rate = ((bytes - td->rate_bytes[ddir]) * 1000) / spent;
193 if (rate < ratemin ||
194 bytes < td->rate_bytes[ddir]) {
195 log_err("%s: min rate %u not met, got"
196 " %luKB/sec\n", td->o.name,
203 * checks iops specified rate
205 if (iops < rate_iops) {
206 log_err("%s: min iops rate %u not met\n",
207 td->o.name, rate_iops);
211 rate = ((iops - td->rate_blocks[ddir]) * 1000) / spent;
215 if (rate < rate_iops_min ||
216 iops < td->rate_blocks[ddir]) {
217 log_err("%s: min iops rate %u not met,"
218 " got %lu\n", td->o.name,
219 rate_iops_min, rate);
225 td->rate_bytes[ddir] = bytes;
226 td->rate_blocks[ddir] = iops;
227 memcpy(&td->lastrate[ddir], now, sizeof(*now));
231 static int check_min_rate(struct thread_data *td, struct timeval *now,
232 uint64_t *bytes_done)
236 if (bytes_done[DDIR_READ])
237 ret |= __check_min_rate(td, now, DDIR_READ);
238 if (bytes_done[DDIR_WRITE])
239 ret |= __check_min_rate(td, now, DDIR_WRITE);
240 if (bytes_done[DDIR_TRIM])
241 ret |= __check_min_rate(td, now, DDIR_TRIM);
247 * When job exits, we can cancel the in-flight IO if we are using async
248 * io. Attempt to do so.
250 static void cleanup_pending_aio(struct thread_data *td)
255 * get immediately available events, if any
257 r = io_u_queued_complete(td, 0, NULL);
262 * now cancel remaining active events
264 if (td->io_ops->cancel) {
268 io_u_qiter(&td->io_u_all, io_u, i) {
269 if (io_u->flags & IO_U_F_FLIGHT) {
270 r = td->io_ops->cancel(td, io_u);
278 r = io_u_queued_complete(td, td->cur_depth, NULL);
282 * Helper to handle the final sync of a file. Works just like the normal
283 * io path, just does everything sync.
285 static int fio_io_sync(struct thread_data *td, struct fio_file *f)
287 struct io_u *io_u = __get_io_u(td);
293 io_u->ddir = DDIR_SYNC;
296 if (td_io_prep(td, io_u)) {
302 ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
304 td_verror(td, io_u->error, "td_io_queue");
307 } else if (ret == FIO_Q_QUEUED) {
308 if (io_u_queued_complete(td, 1, NULL) < 0)
310 } else if (ret == FIO_Q_COMPLETED) {
312 td_verror(td, io_u->error, "td_io_queue");
316 if (io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u, NULL) < 0)
318 } else if (ret == FIO_Q_BUSY) {
319 if (td_io_commit(td))
327 static int fio_file_fsync(struct thread_data *td, struct fio_file *f)
331 if (fio_file_open(f))
332 return fio_io_sync(td, f);
334 if (td_io_open_file(td, f))
337 ret = fio_io_sync(td, f);
338 td_io_close_file(td, f);
342 static inline void __update_tv_cache(struct thread_data *td)
344 fio_gettime(&td->tv_cache, NULL);
347 static inline void update_tv_cache(struct thread_data *td)
349 if ((++td->tv_cache_nr & td->tv_cache_mask) == td->tv_cache_mask)
350 __update_tv_cache(td);
353 static inline int runtime_exceeded(struct thread_data *td, struct timeval *t)
355 if (in_ramp_time(td))
359 if (utime_since(&td->epoch, t) >= td->o.timeout)
365 static int break_on_this_error(struct thread_data *td, enum fio_ddir ddir,
370 if (ret < 0 || td->error) {
372 enum error_type_bit eb;
377 eb = td_error_type(ddir, err);
378 if (!(td->o.continue_on_error & (1 << eb)))
381 if (td_non_fatal_error(td, eb, err)) {
383 * Continue with the I/Os in case of
386 update_error_count(td, err);
390 } else if (td->o.fill_device && err == ENOSPC) {
392 * We expect to hit this error if
393 * fill_device option is set.
396 fio_mark_td_terminate(td);
400 * Stop the I/O in case of a fatal
403 update_error_count(td, err);
411 static void check_update_rusage(struct thread_data *td)
413 if (td->update_rusage) {
414 td->update_rusage = 0;
415 update_rusage_stat(td);
416 fio_mutex_up(td->rusage_sem);
421 * The main verify engine. Runs over the writes we previously submitted,
422 * reads the blocks back in, and checks the crc/md5 of the data.
424 static void do_verify(struct thread_data *td, uint64_t verify_bytes)
426 uint64_t bytes_done[DDIR_RWDIR_CNT] = { 0, 0, 0 };
432 dprint(FD_VERIFY, "starting loop\n");
435 * sync io first and invalidate cache, to make sure we really
438 for_each_file(td, f, i) {
439 if (!fio_file_open(f))
441 if (fio_io_sync(td, f))
443 if (file_invalidate_cache(td, f))
447 check_update_rusage(td);
452 td_set_runstate(td, TD_VERIFYING);
455 while (!td->terminate) {
460 check_update_rusage(td);
462 if (runtime_exceeded(td, &td->tv_cache)) {
463 __update_tv_cache(td);
464 if (runtime_exceeded(td, &td->tv_cache)) {
465 fio_mark_td_terminate(td);
470 if (flow_threshold_exceeded(td))
473 if (!td->o.experimental_verify) {
474 io_u = __get_io_u(td);
478 if (get_next_verify(td, io_u)) {
483 if (td_io_prep(td, io_u)) {
488 if (ddir_rw_sum(bytes_done) + td->o.rw_min_bs > verify_bytes)
491 while ((io_u = get_io_u(td)) != NULL) {
499 * We are only interested in the places where
500 * we wrote or trimmed IOs. Turn those into
501 * reads for verification purposes.
503 if (io_u->ddir == DDIR_READ) {
505 * Pretend we issued it for rwmix
508 td->io_issues[DDIR_READ]++;
511 } else if (io_u->ddir == DDIR_TRIM) {
512 io_u->ddir = DDIR_READ;
513 io_u->flags |= IO_U_F_TRIMMED;
515 } else if (io_u->ddir == DDIR_WRITE) {
516 io_u->ddir = DDIR_READ;
528 if (td->o.verify_async)
529 io_u->end_io = verify_io_u_async;
531 io_u->end_io = verify_io_u;
535 ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
537 case FIO_Q_COMPLETED:
540 clear_io_u(td, io_u);
541 } else if (io_u->resid) {
542 int bytes = io_u->xfer_buflen - io_u->resid;
548 td_verror(td, EIO, "full resid");
553 io_u->xfer_buflen = io_u->resid;
554 io_u->xfer_buf += bytes;
555 io_u->offset += bytes;
557 if (ddir_rw(io_u->ddir))
558 td->ts.short_io_u[io_u->ddir]++;
561 if (io_u->offset == f->real_file_size)
564 requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
567 ret = io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u, bytes_done);
575 requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
576 ret2 = td_io_commit(td);
582 td_verror(td, -ret, "td_io_queue");
586 if (break_on_this_error(td, ddir, &ret))
590 * if we can queue more, do so. but check if there are
591 * completed io_u's first. Note that we can get BUSY even
592 * without IO queued, if the system is resource starved.
595 full = queue_full(td) || (ret == FIO_Q_BUSY && td->cur_depth);
596 if (full || !td->o.iodepth_batch_complete) {
597 min_events = min(td->o.iodepth_batch_complete,
600 * if the queue is full, we MUST reap at least 1 event
602 if (full && !min_events)
607 * Reap required number of io units, if any,
608 * and do the verification on them through
609 * the callback handler
611 if (io_u_queued_complete(td, min_events, bytes_done) < 0) {
615 } while (full && (td->cur_depth > td->o.iodepth_low));
621 check_update_rusage(td);
624 min_events = td->cur_depth;
627 ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, min_events, NULL);
629 cleanup_pending_aio(td);
631 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
633 dprint(FD_VERIFY, "exiting loop\n");
636 static unsigned int exceeds_number_ios(struct thread_data *td)
638 unsigned long long number_ios;
640 if (!td->o.number_ios)
643 number_ios = ddir_rw_sum(td->this_io_blocks);
644 number_ios += td->io_u_queued + td->io_u_in_flight;
646 return number_ios >= td->o.number_ios;
649 static int io_bytes_exceeded(struct thread_data *td)
651 unsigned long long bytes, limit;
654 bytes = td->this_io_bytes[DDIR_READ] + td->this_io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE];
655 else if (td_write(td))
656 bytes = td->this_io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE];
657 else if (td_read(td))
658 bytes = td->this_io_bytes[DDIR_READ];
660 bytes = td->this_io_bytes[DDIR_TRIM];
663 limit = td->o.io_limit;
667 return bytes >= limit || exceeds_number_ios(td);
671 * Main IO worker function. It retrieves io_u's to process and queues
672 * and reaps them, checking for rate and errors along the way.
674 * Returns number of bytes written and trimmed.
676 static uint64_t do_io(struct thread_data *td)
678 uint64_t bytes_done[DDIR_RWDIR_CNT] = { 0, 0, 0 };
681 uint64_t total_bytes, bytes_issued = 0;
683 if (in_ramp_time(td))
684 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RAMP);
686 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
691 * If verify_backlog is enabled, we'll run the verify in this
692 * handler as well. For that case, we may need up to twice the
695 total_bytes = td->o.size;
696 if (td->o.verify != VERIFY_NONE &&
697 (td_write(td) && td->o.verify_backlog))
698 total_bytes += td->o.size;
700 while ((td->o.read_iolog_file && !flist_empty(&td->io_log_list)) ||
701 (!flist_empty(&td->trim_list)) || !io_bytes_exceeded(td) ||
703 struct timeval comp_time;
709 check_update_rusage(td);
711 if (td->terminate || td->done)
716 if (runtime_exceeded(td, &td->tv_cache)) {
717 __update_tv_cache(td);
718 if (runtime_exceeded(td, &td->tv_cache)) {
719 fio_mark_td_terminate(td);
724 if (flow_threshold_exceeded(td))
727 if (bytes_issued >= total_bytes)
731 if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(io_u)) {
732 int err = PTR_ERR(io_u);
739 if (td->o.latency_target)
747 * Add verification end_io handler if:
748 * - Asked to verify (!td_rw(td))
749 * - Or the io_u is from our verify list (mixed write/ver)
751 if (td->o.verify != VERIFY_NONE && io_u->ddir == DDIR_READ &&
752 ((io_u->flags & IO_U_F_VER_LIST) || !td_rw(td))) {
754 if (!td->o.verify_pattern_bytes) {
755 io_u->rand_seed = __rand(&td->__verify_state);
756 if (sizeof(int) != sizeof(long *))
757 io_u->rand_seed *= __rand(&td->__verify_state);
760 if (td->o.verify_async)
761 io_u->end_io = verify_io_u_async;
763 io_u->end_io = verify_io_u;
764 td_set_runstate(td, TD_VERIFYING);
765 } else if (in_ramp_time(td))
766 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RAMP);
768 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
771 * Always log IO before it's issued, so we know the specific
772 * order of it. The logged unit will track when the IO has
775 if (td_write(td) && io_u->ddir == DDIR_WRITE &&
777 td->o.verify != VERIFY_NONE &&
778 !td->o.experimental_verify)
779 log_io_piece(td, io_u);
781 ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
783 case FIO_Q_COMPLETED:
786 unlog_io_piece(td, io_u);
787 clear_io_u(td, io_u);
788 } else if (io_u->resid) {
789 int bytes = io_u->xfer_buflen - io_u->resid;
790 struct fio_file *f = io_u->file;
792 bytes_issued += bytes;
794 trim_io_piece(td, io_u);
800 unlog_io_piece(td, io_u);
801 td_verror(td, EIO, "full resid");
806 io_u->xfer_buflen = io_u->resid;
807 io_u->xfer_buf += bytes;
808 io_u->offset += bytes;
810 if (ddir_rw(io_u->ddir))
811 td->ts.short_io_u[io_u->ddir]++;
813 if (io_u->offset == f->real_file_size)
816 requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
819 if (__should_check_rate(td, DDIR_READ) ||
820 __should_check_rate(td, DDIR_WRITE) ||
821 __should_check_rate(td, DDIR_TRIM))
822 fio_gettime(&comp_time, NULL);
824 ret = io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u, bytes_done);
827 bytes_issued += io_u->xfer_buflen;
832 * if the engine doesn't have a commit hook,
833 * the io_u is really queued. if it does have such
834 * a hook, it has to call io_u_queued() itself.
836 if (td->io_ops->commit == NULL)
837 io_u_queued(td, io_u);
838 bytes_issued += io_u->xfer_buflen;
841 unlog_io_piece(td, io_u);
842 requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
843 ret2 = td_io_commit(td);
853 if (break_on_this_error(td, ddir, &ret))
857 * See if we need to complete some commands. Note that we
858 * can get BUSY even without IO queued, if the system is
862 full = queue_full(td) || (ret == FIO_Q_BUSY && td->cur_depth);
863 if (full || !td->o.iodepth_batch_complete) {
864 min_evts = min(td->o.iodepth_batch_complete,
867 * if the queue is full, we MUST reap at least 1 event
869 if (full && !min_evts)
872 if (__should_check_rate(td, DDIR_READ) ||
873 __should_check_rate(td, DDIR_WRITE) ||
874 __should_check_rate(td, DDIR_TRIM))
875 fio_gettime(&comp_time, NULL);
878 ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, min_evts, bytes_done);
882 } while (full && (td->cur_depth > td->o.iodepth_low));
887 if (!ddir_rw_sum(bytes_done) && !(td->io_ops->flags & FIO_NOIO))
890 if (!in_ramp_time(td) && should_check_rate(td, bytes_done)) {
891 if (check_min_rate(td, &comp_time, bytes_done)) {
892 if (exitall_on_terminate)
893 fio_terminate_threads(td->groupid);
894 td_verror(td, EIO, "check_min_rate");
898 if (!in_ramp_time(td) && td->o.latency_target)
899 lat_target_check(td);
901 if (td->o.thinktime) {
902 unsigned long long b;
904 b = ddir_rw_sum(td->io_blocks);
905 if (!(b % td->o.thinktime_blocks)) {
910 if (td->o.thinktime_spin)
911 usec_spin(td->o.thinktime_spin);
913 left = td->o.thinktime - td->o.thinktime_spin;
915 usec_sleep(td, left);
920 check_update_rusage(td);
922 if (td->trim_entries)
923 log_err("fio: %lu trim entries leaked?\n", td->trim_entries);
925 if (td->o.fill_device && td->error == ENOSPC) {
927 fio_mark_td_terminate(td);
934 ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, i, bytes_done);
935 if (td->o.fill_device && td->error == ENOSPC)
939 if (should_fsync(td) && td->o.end_fsync) {
940 td_set_runstate(td, TD_FSYNCING);
942 for_each_file(td, f, i) {
943 if (!fio_file_fsync(td, f))
946 log_err("fio: end_fsync failed for file %s\n",
951 cleanup_pending_aio(td);
954 * stop job if we failed doing any IO
956 if (!ddir_rw_sum(td->this_io_bytes))
959 return bytes_done[DDIR_WRITE] + bytes_done[DDIR_TRIM];
962 static void cleanup_io_u(struct thread_data *td)
966 while ((io_u = io_u_qpop(&td->io_u_freelist)) != NULL) {
968 if (td->io_ops->io_u_free)
969 td->io_ops->io_u_free(td, io_u);
971 fio_memfree(io_u, sizeof(*io_u));
976 io_u_rexit(&td->io_u_requeues);
977 io_u_qexit(&td->io_u_freelist);
978 io_u_qexit(&td->io_u_all);
981 static int init_io_u(struct thread_data *td)
984 unsigned int max_bs, min_write;
985 int cl_align, i, max_units;
986 int data_xfer = 1, err;
989 max_units = td->o.iodepth;
990 max_bs = td_max_bs(td);
991 min_write = td->o.min_bs[DDIR_WRITE];
992 td->orig_buffer_size = (unsigned long long) max_bs
993 * (unsigned long long) max_units;
995 if ((td->io_ops->flags & FIO_NOIO) || !(td_read(td) || td_write(td)))
999 err += io_u_rinit(&td->io_u_requeues, td->o.iodepth);
1000 err += io_u_qinit(&td->io_u_freelist, td->o.iodepth);
1001 err += io_u_qinit(&td->io_u_all, td->o.iodepth);
1004 log_err("fio: failed setting up IO queues\n");
1009 * if we may later need to do address alignment, then add any
1010 * possible adjustment here so that we don't cause a buffer
1011 * overflow later. this adjustment may be too much if we get
1012 * lucky and the allocator gives us an aligned address.
1014 if (td->o.odirect || td->o.mem_align || td->o.oatomic ||
1015 (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_RAWIO))
1016 td->orig_buffer_size += page_mask + td->o.mem_align;
1018 if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_SHMHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE) {
1021 bs = td->orig_buffer_size + td->o.hugepage_size - 1;
1022 td->orig_buffer_size = bs & ~(td->o.hugepage_size - 1);
1025 if (td->orig_buffer_size != (size_t) td->orig_buffer_size) {
1026 log_err("fio: IO memory too large. Reduce max_bs or iodepth\n");
1030 if (data_xfer && allocate_io_mem(td))
1033 if (td->o.odirect || td->o.mem_align || td->o.oatomic ||
1034 (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_RAWIO))
1035 p = PAGE_ALIGN(td->orig_buffer) + td->o.mem_align;
1037 p = td->orig_buffer;
1039 cl_align = os_cache_line_size();
1041 for (i = 0; i < max_units; i++) {
1047 ptr = fio_memalign(cl_align, sizeof(*io_u));
1049 log_err("fio: unable to allocate aligned memory\n");
1054 memset(io_u, 0, sizeof(*io_u));
1055 INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&io_u->verify_list);
1056 dprint(FD_MEM, "io_u alloc %p, index %u\n", io_u, i);
1060 dprint(FD_MEM, "io_u %p, mem %p\n", io_u, io_u->buf);
1063 io_u_fill_buffer(td, io_u, min_write, max_bs);
1064 if (td_write(td) && td->o.verify_pattern_bytes) {
1066 * Fill the buffer with the pattern if we are
1067 * going to be doing writes.
1069 fill_verify_pattern(td, io_u->buf, max_bs, io_u, 0, 0);
1074 io_u->flags = IO_U_F_FREE;
1075 io_u_qpush(&td->io_u_freelist, io_u);
1078 * io_u never leaves this stack, used for iteration of all
1081 io_u_qpush(&td->io_u_all, io_u);
1083 if (td->io_ops->io_u_init) {
1084 int ret = td->io_ops->io_u_init(td, io_u);
1087 log_err("fio: failed to init engine data: %d\n", ret);
1098 static int switch_ioscheduler(struct thread_data *td)
1100 char tmp[256], tmp2[128];
1104 if (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_DISKLESSIO)
1107 sprintf(tmp, "%s/queue/scheduler", td->sysfs_root);
1109 f = fopen(tmp, "r+");
1111 if (errno == ENOENT) {
1112 log_err("fio: os or kernel doesn't support IO scheduler"
1116 td_verror(td, errno, "fopen iosched");
1123 ret = fwrite(td->o.ioscheduler, strlen(td->o.ioscheduler), 1, f);
1124 if (ferror(f) || ret != 1) {
1125 td_verror(td, errno, "fwrite");
1133 * Read back and check that the selected scheduler is now the default.
1135 ret = fread(tmp, sizeof(tmp), 1, f);
1136 if (ferror(f) || ret < 0) {
1137 td_verror(td, errno, "fread");
1141 tmp[sizeof(tmp) - 1] = '\0';
1144 sprintf(tmp2, "[%s]", td->o.ioscheduler);
1145 if (!strstr(tmp, tmp2)) {
1146 log_err("fio: io scheduler %s not found\n", td->o.ioscheduler);
1147 td_verror(td, EINVAL, "iosched_switch");
1156 static int keep_running(struct thread_data *td)
1158 unsigned long long limit;
1162 if (td->o.time_based)
1168 if (exceeds_number_ios(td))
1172 limit = td->o.io_limit;
1176 if (limit != -1ULL && ddir_rw_sum(td->io_bytes) < limit) {
1180 * If the difference is less than the minimum IO size, we
1183 diff = limit - ddir_rw_sum(td->io_bytes);
1184 if (diff < td_max_bs(td))
1187 if (fio_files_done(td))
1196 static int exec_string(struct thread_options *o, const char *string, const char *mode)
1198 int ret, newlen = strlen(string) + strlen(o->name) + strlen(mode) + 9 + 1;
1201 str = malloc(newlen);
1202 sprintf(str, "%s &> %s.%s.txt", string, o->name, mode);
1204 log_info("%s : Saving output of %s in %s.%s.txt\n",o->name, mode, o->name, mode);
1207 log_err("fio: exec of cmd <%s> failed\n", str);
1214 * Dry run to compute correct state of numberio for verification.
1216 static uint64_t do_dry_run(struct thread_data *td)
1218 uint64_t bytes_done[DDIR_RWDIR_CNT] = { 0, 0, 0 };
1220 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
1222 while ((td->o.read_iolog_file && !flist_empty(&td->io_log_list)) ||
1223 (!flist_empty(&td->trim_list)) || !io_bytes_exceeded(td)) {
1227 if (td->terminate || td->done)
1230 io_u = get_io_u(td);
1234 io_u->flags |= IO_U_F_FLIGHT;
1237 if (ddir_rw(acct_ddir(io_u)))
1238 td->io_issues[acct_ddir(io_u)]++;
1239 if (ddir_rw(io_u->ddir)) {
1240 io_u_mark_depth(td, 1);
1241 td->ts.total_io_u[io_u->ddir]++;
1244 if (td_write(td) && io_u->ddir == DDIR_WRITE &&
1246 td->o.verify != VERIFY_NONE &&
1247 !td->o.experimental_verify)
1248 log_io_piece(td, io_u);
1250 ret = io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u, bytes_done);
1254 return bytes_done[DDIR_WRITE] + bytes_done[DDIR_TRIM];
1258 * Entry point for the thread based jobs. The process based jobs end up
1259 * here as well, after a little setup.
1261 static void *thread_main(void *data)
1263 unsigned long long elapsed;
1264 struct thread_data *td = data;
1265 struct thread_options *o = &td->o;
1266 pthread_condattr_t attr;
1270 if (!o->use_thread) {
1276 fio_local_clock_init(o->use_thread);
1278 dprint(FD_PROCESS, "jobs pid=%d started\n", (int) td->pid);
1281 fio_server_send_start(td);
1283 INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->io_log_list);
1284 INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->io_hist_list);
1285 INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->verify_list);
1286 INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->trim_list);
1287 INIT_FLIST_HEAD(&td->next_rand_list);
1288 pthread_mutex_init(&td->io_u_lock, NULL);
1289 td->io_hist_tree = RB_ROOT;
1291 pthread_condattr_init(&attr);
1292 pthread_cond_init(&td->verify_cond, &attr);
1293 pthread_cond_init(&td->free_cond, &attr);
1295 td_set_runstate(td, TD_INITIALIZED);
1296 dprint(FD_MUTEX, "up startup_mutex\n");
1297 fio_mutex_up(startup_mutex);
1298 dprint(FD_MUTEX, "wait on td->mutex\n");
1299 fio_mutex_down(td->mutex);
1300 dprint(FD_MUTEX, "done waiting on td->mutex\n");
1303 * A new gid requires privilege, so we need to do this before setting
1306 if (o->gid != -1U && setgid(o->gid)) {
1307 td_verror(td, errno, "setgid");
1310 if (o->uid != -1U && setuid(o->uid)) {
1311 td_verror(td, errno, "setuid");
1316 * If we have a gettimeofday() thread, make sure we exclude that
1317 * thread from this job
1320 fio_cpu_clear(&o->cpumask, o->gtod_cpu);
1323 * Set affinity first, in case it has an impact on the memory
1326 if (o->cpumask_set) {
1327 if (o->cpus_allowed_policy == FIO_CPUS_SPLIT) {
1328 ret = fio_cpus_split(&o->cpumask, td->thread_number - 1);
1330 log_err("fio: no CPUs set\n");
1331 log_err("fio: Try increasing number of available CPUs\n");
1332 td_verror(td, EINVAL, "cpus_split");
1336 ret = fio_setaffinity(td->pid, o->cpumask);
1338 td_verror(td, errno, "cpu_set_affinity");
1343 #ifdef CONFIG_LIBNUMA
1344 /* numa node setup */
1345 if (o->numa_cpumask_set || o->numa_memmask_set) {
1346 struct bitmask *mask;
1349 if (numa_available() < 0) {
1350 td_verror(td, errno, "Does not support NUMA API\n");
1354 if (o->numa_cpumask_set) {
1355 mask = numa_parse_nodestring(o->numa_cpunodes);
1356 ret = numa_run_on_node_mask(mask);
1357 numa_free_nodemask(mask);
1359 td_verror(td, errno, \
1360 "numa_run_on_node_mask failed\n");
1365 if (o->numa_memmask_set) {
1368 if (o->numa_memnodes)
1369 mask = numa_parse_nodestring(o->numa_memnodes);
1371 switch (o->numa_mem_mode) {
1372 case MPOL_INTERLEAVE:
1373 numa_set_interleave_mask(mask);
1376 numa_set_membind(mask);
1379 numa_set_localalloc();
1381 case MPOL_PREFERRED:
1382 numa_set_preferred(o->numa_mem_prefer_node);
1390 numa_free_nodemask(mask);
1396 if (fio_pin_memory(td))
1400 * May alter parameters that init_io_u() will use, so we need to
1409 if (o->verify_async && verify_async_init(td))
1413 ret = ioprio_set(IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS, 0, o->ioprio_class, o->ioprio);
1415 td_verror(td, errno, "ioprio_set");
1420 if (o->cgroup && cgroup_setup(td, cgroup_list, &cgroup_mnt))
1424 if (nice(o->nice) == -1 && errno != 0) {
1425 td_verror(td, errno, "nice");
1429 if (o->ioscheduler && switch_ioscheduler(td))
1432 if (!o->create_serialize && setup_files(td))
1438 if (init_random_map(td))
1441 if (o->exec_prerun && exec_string(o, o->exec_prerun, (const char *)"prerun"))
1445 if (pre_read_files(td) < 0)
1449 if (td->flags & TD_F_COMPRESS_LOG)
1450 tp_init(&td->tp_data);
1452 fio_verify_init(td);
1454 fio_gettime(&td->epoch, NULL);
1455 fio_getrusage(&td->ru_start);
1457 while (keep_running(td)) {
1458 uint64_t verify_bytes;
1460 fio_gettime(&td->start, NULL);
1461 memcpy(&td->bw_sample_time, &td->start, sizeof(td->start));
1462 memcpy(&td->iops_sample_time, &td->start, sizeof(td->start));
1463 memcpy(&td->tv_cache, &td->start, sizeof(td->start));
1465 if (o->ratemin[DDIR_READ] || o->ratemin[DDIR_WRITE] ||
1466 o->ratemin[DDIR_TRIM]) {
1467 memcpy(&td->lastrate[DDIR_READ], &td->bw_sample_time,
1468 sizeof(td->bw_sample_time));
1469 memcpy(&td->lastrate[DDIR_WRITE], &td->bw_sample_time,
1470 sizeof(td->bw_sample_time));
1471 memcpy(&td->lastrate[DDIR_TRIM], &td->bw_sample_time,
1472 sizeof(td->bw_sample_time));
1478 prune_io_piece_log(td);
1480 if (td->o.verify_only && (td_write(td) || td_rw(td)))
1481 verify_bytes = do_dry_run(td);
1483 verify_bytes = do_io(td);
1487 if (td_read(td) && td->io_bytes[DDIR_READ]) {
1488 elapsed = utime_since_now(&td->start);
1489 td->ts.runtime[DDIR_READ] += elapsed;
1491 if (td_write(td) && td->io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE]) {
1492 elapsed = utime_since_now(&td->start);
1493 td->ts.runtime[DDIR_WRITE] += elapsed;
1495 if (td_trim(td) && td->io_bytes[DDIR_TRIM]) {
1496 elapsed = utime_since_now(&td->start);
1497 td->ts.runtime[DDIR_TRIM] += elapsed;
1500 if (td->error || td->terminate)
1503 if (!o->do_verify ||
1504 o->verify == VERIFY_NONE ||
1505 (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_UNIDIR))
1510 fio_gettime(&td->start, NULL);
1512 do_verify(td, verify_bytes);
1514 td->ts.runtime[DDIR_READ] += utime_since_now(&td->start);
1516 if (td->error || td->terminate)
1520 update_rusage_stat(td);
1521 td->ts.runtime[DDIR_READ] = (td->ts.runtime[DDIR_READ] + 999) / 1000;
1522 td->ts.runtime[DDIR_WRITE] = (td->ts.runtime[DDIR_WRITE] + 999) / 1000;
1523 td->ts.runtime[DDIR_TRIM] = (td->ts.runtime[DDIR_TRIM] + 999) / 1000;
1524 td->ts.total_run_time = mtime_since_now(&td->epoch);
1525 td->ts.io_bytes[DDIR_READ] = td->io_bytes[DDIR_READ];
1526 td->ts.io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE] = td->io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE];
1527 td->ts.io_bytes[DDIR_TRIM] = td->io_bytes[DDIR_TRIM];
1529 fio_unpin_memory(td);
1531 fio_writeout_logs(td);
1533 if (td->flags & TD_F_COMPRESS_LOG)
1534 tp_exit(&td->tp_data);
1536 if (o->exec_postrun)
1537 exec_string(o, o->exec_postrun, (const char *)"postrun");
1539 if (exitall_on_terminate)
1540 fio_terminate_threads(td->groupid);
1544 log_info("fio: pid=%d, err=%d/%s\n", (int) td->pid, td->error,
1547 if (o->verify_async)
1548 verify_async_exit(td);
1550 close_and_free_files(td);
1553 cgroup_shutdown(td, &cgroup_mnt);
1555 if (o->cpumask_set) {
1556 int ret = fio_cpuset_exit(&o->cpumask);
1558 td_verror(td, ret, "fio_cpuset_exit");
1562 * do this very late, it will log file closing as well
1564 if (o->write_iolog_file)
1565 write_iolog_close(td);
1567 fio_mutex_remove(td->mutex);
1570 td_set_runstate(td, TD_EXITED);
1573 * Do this last after setting our runstate to exited, so we
1574 * know that the stat thread is signaled.
1576 check_update_rusage(td);
1578 return (void *) (uintptr_t) td->error;
1583 * We cannot pass the td data into a forked process, so attach the td and
1584 * pass it to the thread worker.
1586 static int fork_main(int shmid, int offset)
1588 struct thread_data *td;
1591 #if !defined(__hpux) && !defined(CONFIG_NO_SHM)
1592 data = shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);
1593 if (data == (void *) -1) {
1601 * HP-UX inherits shm mappings?
1606 td = data + offset * sizeof(struct thread_data);
1607 ret = thread_main(td);
1609 return (int) (uintptr_t) ret;
1612 static void dump_td_info(struct thread_data *td)
1614 log_err("fio: job '%s' hasn't exited in %lu seconds, it appears to "
1615 "be stuck. Doing forceful exit of this job.\n", td->o.name,
1616 (unsigned long) time_since_now(&td->terminate_time));
1620 * Run over the job map and reap the threads that have exited, if any.
1622 static void reap_threads(unsigned int *nr_running, unsigned int *t_rate,
1623 unsigned int *m_rate)
1625 struct thread_data *td;
1626 unsigned int cputhreads, realthreads, pending;
1630 * reap exited threads (TD_EXITED -> TD_REAPED)
1632 realthreads = pending = cputhreads = 0;
1633 for_each_td(td, i) {
1637 * ->io_ops is NULL for a thread that has closed its
1640 if (td->io_ops && !strcmp(td->io_ops->name, "cpuio"))
1649 if (td->runstate == TD_REAPED)
1651 if (td->o.use_thread) {
1652 if (td->runstate == TD_EXITED) {
1653 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1660 if (td->runstate == TD_EXITED)
1664 * check if someone quit or got killed in an unusual way
1666 ret = waitpid(td->pid, &status, flags);
1668 if (errno == ECHILD) {
1669 log_err("fio: pid=%d disappeared %d\n",
1670 (int) td->pid, td->runstate);
1672 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1676 } else if (ret == td->pid) {
1677 if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
1678 int sig = WTERMSIG(status);
1680 if (sig != SIGTERM && sig != SIGUSR2)
1681 log_err("fio: pid=%d, got signal=%d\n",
1682 (int) td->pid, sig);
1684 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1687 if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
1688 if (WEXITSTATUS(status) && !td->error)
1689 td->error = WEXITSTATUS(status);
1691 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1697 * If the job is stuck, do a forceful timeout of it and
1700 if (td->terminate &&
1701 time_since_now(&td->terminate_time) >= FIO_REAP_TIMEOUT) {
1703 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1708 * thread is not dead, continue
1714 (*m_rate) -= ddir_rw_sum(td->o.ratemin);
1715 (*t_rate) -= ddir_rw_sum(td->o.rate);
1722 done_secs += mtime_since_now(&td->epoch) / 1000;
1723 profile_td_exit(td);
1726 if (*nr_running == cputhreads && !pending && realthreads)
1727 fio_terminate_threads(TERMINATE_ALL);
1730 static void do_usleep(unsigned int usecs)
1732 check_for_running_stats();
1737 * Main function for kicking off and reaping jobs, as needed.
1739 static void run_threads(void)
1741 struct thread_data *td;
1742 unsigned int i, todo, nr_running, m_rate, t_rate, nr_started;
1745 if (fio_gtod_offload && fio_start_gtod_thread())
1748 fio_idle_prof_init();
1752 nr_thread = nr_process = 0;
1753 for_each_td(td, i) {
1754 if (td->o.use_thread)
1760 if (output_format == FIO_OUTPUT_NORMAL) {
1761 log_info("Starting ");
1763 log_info("%d thread%s", nr_thread,
1764 nr_thread > 1 ? "s" : "");
1768 log_info("%d process%s", nr_process,
1769 nr_process > 1 ? "es" : "");
1775 todo = thread_number;
1778 m_rate = t_rate = 0;
1780 for_each_td(td, i) {
1781 print_status_init(td->thread_number - 1);
1783 if (!td->o.create_serialize)
1787 * do file setup here so it happens sequentially,
1788 * we don't want X number of threads getting their
1789 * client data interspersed on disk
1791 if (setup_files(td)) {
1794 log_err("fio: pid=%d, err=%d/%s\n",
1795 (int) td->pid, td->error, td->verror);
1796 td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
1803 * for sharing to work, each job must always open
1804 * its own files. so close them, if we opened them
1807 for_each_file(td, f, j) {
1808 if (fio_file_open(f))
1809 td_io_close_file(td, f);
1814 /* start idle threads before io threads start to run */
1815 fio_idle_prof_start();
1820 struct thread_data *map[REAL_MAX_JOBS];
1821 struct timeval this_start;
1822 int this_jobs = 0, left;
1825 * create threads (TD_NOT_CREATED -> TD_CREATED)
1827 for_each_td(td, i) {
1828 if (td->runstate != TD_NOT_CREATED)
1832 * never got a chance to start, killed by other
1833 * thread for some reason
1835 if (td->terminate) {
1840 if (td->o.start_delay) {
1841 spent = utime_since_genesis();
1843 if (td->o.start_delay > spent)
1847 if (td->o.stonewall && (nr_started || nr_running)) {
1848 dprint(FD_PROCESS, "%s: stonewall wait\n",
1855 td->rusage_sem = fio_mutex_init(FIO_MUTEX_LOCKED);
1856 td->update_rusage = 0;
1859 * Set state to created. Thread will transition
1860 * to TD_INITIALIZED when it's done setting up.
1862 td_set_runstate(td, TD_CREATED);
1863 map[this_jobs++] = td;
1866 if (td->o.use_thread) {
1869 dprint(FD_PROCESS, "will pthread_create\n");
1870 ret = pthread_create(&td->thread, NULL,
1873 log_err("pthread_create: %s\n",
1878 ret = pthread_detach(td->thread);
1880 log_err("pthread_detach: %s",
1884 dprint(FD_PROCESS, "will fork\n");
1887 int ret = fork_main(shm_id, i);
1890 } else if (i == fio_debug_jobno)
1891 *fio_debug_jobp = pid;
1893 dprint(FD_MUTEX, "wait on startup_mutex\n");
1894 if (fio_mutex_down_timeout(startup_mutex, 10)) {
1895 log_err("fio: job startup hung? exiting.\n");
1896 fio_terminate_threads(TERMINATE_ALL);
1901 dprint(FD_MUTEX, "done waiting on startup_mutex\n");
1905 * Wait for the started threads to transition to
1908 fio_gettime(&this_start, NULL);
1910 while (left && !fio_abort) {
1911 if (mtime_since_now(&this_start) > JOB_START_TIMEOUT)
1916 for (i = 0; i < this_jobs; i++) {
1920 if (td->runstate == TD_INITIALIZED) {
1923 } else if (td->runstate >= TD_EXITED) {
1927 nr_running++; /* work-around... */
1933 log_err("fio: %d job%s failed to start\n", left,
1934 left > 1 ? "s" : "");
1935 for (i = 0; i < this_jobs; i++) {
1939 kill(td->pid, SIGTERM);
1945 * start created threads (TD_INITIALIZED -> TD_RUNNING).
1947 for_each_td(td, i) {
1948 if (td->runstate != TD_INITIALIZED)
1951 if (in_ramp_time(td))
1952 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RAMP);
1954 td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
1957 m_rate += ddir_rw_sum(td->o.ratemin);
1958 t_rate += ddir_rw_sum(td->o.rate);
1960 fio_mutex_up(td->mutex);
1963 reap_threads(&nr_running, &t_rate, &m_rate);
1969 while (nr_running) {
1970 reap_threads(&nr_running, &t_rate, &m_rate);
1974 fio_idle_prof_stop();
1979 static void wait_for_disk_thread_exit(void)
1983 disk_util_start_exit();
1984 pthread_cond_signal(&du_cond);
1985 pthread_join(disk_util_thread, &ret);
1988 static void free_disk_util(void)
1990 disk_util_prune_entries();
1992 pthread_cond_destroy(&du_cond);
1995 static void *disk_thread_main(void *data)
1999 fio_mutex_up(startup_mutex);
2002 uint64_t sec = DISK_UTIL_MSEC / 1000;
2003 uint64_t nsec = (DISK_UTIL_MSEC % 1000) * 1000000;
2007 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
2008 ts.tv_sec = tv.tv_sec + sec;
2009 ts.tv_nsec = (tv.tv_usec * 1000) + nsec;
2010 if (ts.tv_nsec > 1000000000ULL) {
2011 ts.tv_nsec -= 1000000000ULL;
2015 ret = pthread_cond_timedwait(&du_cond, &du_lock, &ts);
2016 if (ret != ETIMEDOUT)
2019 ret = update_io_ticks();
2022 print_thread_status();
2028 static int create_disk_util_thread(void)
2034 pthread_cond_init(&du_cond, NULL);
2035 pthread_mutex_init(&du_lock, NULL);
2037 ret = pthread_create(&disk_util_thread, NULL, disk_thread_main, NULL);
2039 log_err("Can't create disk util thread: %s\n", strerror(ret));
2043 dprint(FD_MUTEX, "wait on startup_mutex\n");
2044 fio_mutex_down(startup_mutex);
2045 dprint(FD_MUTEX, "done waiting on startup_mutex\n");
2049 int fio_backend(void)
2051 struct thread_data *td;
2055 if (load_profile(exec_profile))
2058 exec_profile = NULL;
2064 struct log_params p = {
2065 .log_type = IO_LOG_TYPE_BW,
2068 setup_log(&agg_io_log[DDIR_READ], &p, "agg-read_bw.log");
2069 setup_log(&agg_io_log[DDIR_WRITE], &p, "agg-write_bw.log");
2070 setup_log(&agg_io_log[DDIR_TRIM], &p, "agg-trim_bw.log");
2073 startup_mutex = fio_mutex_init(FIO_MUTEX_LOCKED);
2074 if (startup_mutex == NULL)
2079 create_disk_util_thread();
2080 create_status_interval_thread();
2082 cgroup_list = smalloc(sizeof(*cgroup_list));
2083 INIT_FLIST_HEAD(cgroup_list);
2087 wait_for_disk_thread_exit();
2088 wait_for_status_interval_thread_exit();
2095 for (i = 0; i < DDIR_RWDIR_CNT; i++) {
2096 struct io_log *log = agg_io_log[i];
2104 for_each_td(td, i) {
2105 fio_options_free(td);
2106 fio_mutex_remove(td->rusage_sem);
2107 td->rusage_sem = NULL;
2111 cgroup_kill(cgroup_list);
2115 fio_mutex_remove(startup_mutex);