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1 | Intro |
2 | ===== | |
3 | ||
4 | This document is designed to provide a list of the minimum levels of | |
5adaf851 | 5 | software necessary to run the 3.0 kernels. |
1da177e4 LT |
6 | |
7 | This document is originally based on my "Changes" file for 2.0.x kernels | |
8 | and therefore owes credit to the same people as that file (Jared Mauch, | |
9 | Axel Boldt, Alessandro Sigala, and countless other users all over the | |
10 | 'net). | |
11 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
12 | Current Minimal Requirements |
13 | ============================ | |
14 | ||
15 | Upgrade to at *least* these software revisions before thinking you've | |
16 | encountered a bug! If you're unsure what version you're currently | |
17 | running, the suggested command should tell you. | |
18 | ||
5adaf851 LT |
19 | Again, keep in mind that this list assumes you are already functionally |
20 | running a Linux kernel. Also, not all tools are necessary on all | |
21 | systems; obviously, if you don't have any ISDN hardware, for example, | |
22 | you probably needn't concern yourself with isdn4k-utils. | |
1da177e4 | 23 | |
bf5777bc K |
24 | o GNU C 3.2 # gcc --version |
25 | o GNU make 3.80 # make --version | |
1da177e4 LT |
26 | o binutils 2.12 # ld -v |
27 | o util-linux 2.10o # fdformat --version | |
28 | o module-init-tools 0.9.10 # depmod -V | |
242f45da | 29 | o e2fsprogs 1.41.4 # e2fsck -V |
1da177e4 | 30 | o jfsutils 1.1.3 # fsck.jfs -V |
e06c3744 | 31 | o reiserfsprogs 3.6.3 # reiserfsck -V |
1da177e4 | 32 | o xfsprogs 2.6.0 # xfs_db -V |
242f45da BN |
33 | o squashfs-tools 4.0 # mksquashfs -version |
34 | o btrfs-progs 0.18 # btrfsck | |
e4121712 | 35 | o pcmciautils 004 # pccardctl -V |
1da177e4 LT |
36 | o quota-tools 3.09 # quota -V |
37 | o PPP 2.4.0 # pppd --version | |
38 | o isdn4k-utils 3.1pre1 # isdnctrl 2>&1|grep version | |
39 | o nfs-utils 1.0.5 # showmount --version | |
40 | o procps 3.2.0 # ps --version | |
0c0a400d | 41 | o oprofile 0.9 # oprofiled --version |
e06c3744 CK |
42 | o udev 081 # udevd --version |
43 | o grub 0.93 # grub --version || grub-install --version | |
44 | o mcelog 0.6 # mcelog --version | |
d879e19e | 45 | o iptables 1.4.2 # iptables -V |
7a922637 | 46 | |
1da177e4 LT |
47 | |
48 | Kernel compilation | |
49 | ================== | |
50 | ||
51 | GCC | |
52 | --- | |
53 | ||
54 | The gcc version requirements may vary depending on the type of CPU in your | |
a1365647 | 55 | computer. |
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56 | |
57 | Make | |
58 | ---- | |
59 | ||
bf5777bc | 60 | You will need GNU make 3.80 or later to build the kernel. |
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61 | |
62 | Binutils | |
63 | -------- | |
64 | ||
65 | Linux on IA-32 has recently switched from using as86 to using gas for | |
66 | assembling the 16-bit boot code, removing the need for as86 to compile | |
67 | your kernel. This change does, however, mean that you need a recent | |
68 | release of binutils. | |
69 | ||
08219624 JLPD |
70 | Perl |
71 | ---- | |
72 | ||
73 | You will need perl 5 and the following modules: Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, | |
74 | File::Basename, and File::Find to build the kernel. | |
75 | ||
221069be A |
76 | BC |
77 | -- | |
78 | ||
79 | You will need bc to build kernels 3.10 and higher | |
80 | ||
08219624 | 81 | |
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82 | System utilities |
83 | ================ | |
84 | ||
85 | Architectural changes | |
86 | --------------------- | |
87 | ||
88 | DevFS has been obsoleted in favour of udev | |
89 | (http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/) | |
90 | ||
91 | 32-bit UID support is now in place. Have fun! | |
92 | ||
93 | Linux documentation for functions is transitioning to inline | |
94 | documentation via specially-formatted comments near their | |
95 | definitions in the source. These comments can be combined with the | |
96 | SGML templates in the Documentation/DocBook directory to make DocBook | |
97 | files, which can then be converted by DocBook stylesheets to PostScript, | |
98 | HTML, PDF files, and several other formats. In order to convert from | |
99 | DocBook format to a format of your choice, you'll need to install Jade as | |
100 | well as the desired DocBook stylesheets. | |
101 | ||
102 | Util-linux | |
103 | ---------- | |
104 | ||
105 | New versions of util-linux provide *fdisk support for larger disks, | |
106 | support new options to mount, recognize more supported partition | |
107 | types, have a fdformat which works with 2.4 kernels, and similar goodies. | |
108 | You'll probably want to upgrade. | |
109 | ||
110 | Ksymoops | |
111 | -------- | |
112 | ||
62a07e6e JJ |
113 | If the unthinkable happens and your kernel oopses, you may need the |
114 | ksymoops tool to decode it, but in most cases you don't. | |
5adaf851 LT |
115 | It is generally preferred to build the kernel with CONFIG_KALLSYMS so |
116 | that it produces readable dumps that can be used as-is (this also | |
117 | produces better output than ksymoops). If for some reason your kernel | |
118 | is not build with CONFIG_KALLSYMS and you have no way to rebuild and | |
119 | reproduce the Oops with that option, then you can still decode that Oops | |
120 | with ksymoops. | |
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121 | |
122 | Module-Init-Tools | |
123 | ----------------- | |
124 | ||
125 | A new module loader is now in the kernel that requires module-init-tools | |
126 | to use. It is backward compatible with the 2.4.x series kernels. | |
127 | ||
128 | Mkinitrd | |
129 | -------- | |
130 | ||
131 | These changes to the /lib/modules file tree layout also require that | |
132 | mkinitrd be upgraded. | |
133 | ||
134 | E2fsprogs | |
135 | --------- | |
136 | ||
137 | The latest version of e2fsprogs fixes several bugs in fsck and | |
138 | debugfs. Obviously, it's a good idea to upgrade. | |
139 | ||
140 | JFSutils | |
141 | -------- | |
142 | ||
143 | The jfsutils package contains the utilities for the file system. | |
144 | The following utilities are available: | |
145 | o fsck.jfs - initiate replay of the transaction log, and check | |
146 | and repair a JFS formatted partition. | |
147 | o mkfs.jfs - create a JFS formatted partition. | |
148 | o other file system utilities are also available in this package. | |
149 | ||
150 | Reiserfsprogs | |
151 | ------------- | |
152 | ||
153 | The reiserfsprogs package should be used for reiserfs-3.6.x | |
154 | (Linux kernels 2.4.x). It is a combined package and contains working | |
155 | versions of mkreiserfs, resize_reiserfs, debugreiserfs and | |
156 | reiserfsck. These utils work on both i386 and alpha platforms. | |
157 | ||
158 | Xfsprogs | |
159 | -------- | |
160 | ||
161 | The latest version of xfsprogs contains mkfs.xfs, xfs_db, and the | |
162 | xfs_repair utilities, among others, for the XFS filesystem. It is | |
163 | architecture independent and any version from 2.0.0 onward should | |
164 | work correctly with this version of the XFS kernel code (2.6.0 or | |
165 | later is recommended, due to some significant improvements). | |
166 | ||
5085cb26 DB |
167 | PCMCIAutils |
168 | ----------- | |
169 | ||
00703e0b | 170 | PCMCIAutils replaces pcmcia-cs. It properly sets up |
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171 | PCMCIA sockets at system startup and loads the appropriate modules |
172 | for 16-bit PCMCIA devices if the kernel is modularized and the hotplug | |
173 | subsystem is used. | |
1da177e4 | 174 | |
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175 | Quota-tools |
176 | ----------- | |
177 | ||
178 | Support for 32 bit uid's and gid's is required if you want to use | |
179 | the newer version 2 quota format. Quota-tools version 3.07 and | |
180 | newer has this support. Use the recommended version or newer | |
181 | from the table above. | |
182 | ||
183 | Intel IA32 microcode | |
184 | -------------------- | |
185 | ||
186 | A driver has been added to allow updating of Intel IA32 microcode, | |
890fbae2 GKH |
187 | accessible as a normal (misc) character device. If you are not using |
188 | udev you may need to: | |
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189 | |
190 | mkdir /dev/cpu | |
191 | mknod /dev/cpu/microcode c 10 184 | |
192 | chmod 0644 /dev/cpu/microcode | |
193 | ||
194 | as root before you can use this. You'll probably also want to | |
195 | get the user-space microcode_ctl utility to use with this. | |
196 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
197 | udev |
198 | ---- | |
199 | udev is a userspace application for populating /dev dynamically with | |
890fbae2 | 200 | only entries for devices actually present. udev replaces the basic |
03a67a46 | 201 | functionality of devfs, while allowing persistent device naming for |
890fbae2 | 202 | devices. |
1da177e4 | 203 | |
909021ea MS |
204 | FUSE |
205 | ---- | |
206 | ||
207 | Needs libfuse 2.4.0 or later. Absolute minimum is 2.3.0 but mount | |
208 | options 'direct_io' and 'kernel_cache' won't work. | |
209 | ||
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210 | Networking |
211 | ========== | |
212 | ||
213 | General changes | |
214 | --------------- | |
215 | ||
216 | If you have advanced network configuration needs, you should probably | |
217 | consider using the network tools from ip-route2. | |
218 | ||
219 | Packet Filter / NAT | |
220 | ------------------- | |
221 | The packet filtering and NAT code uses the same tools like the previous 2.4.x | |
222 | kernel series (iptables). It still includes backwards-compatibility modules | |
223 | for 2.2.x-style ipchains and 2.0.x-style ipfwadm. | |
224 | ||
225 | PPP | |
226 | --- | |
227 | ||
228 | The PPP driver has been restructured to support multilink and to | |
229 | enable it to operate over diverse media layers. If you use PPP, | |
230 | upgrade pppd to at least 2.4.0. | |
231 | ||
890fbae2 | 232 | If you are not using udev, you must have the device file /dev/ppp |
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233 | which can be made by: |
234 | ||
235 | mknod /dev/ppp c 108 0 | |
236 | ||
237 | as root. | |
238 | ||
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239 | Isdn4k-utils |
240 | ------------ | |
241 | ||
242 | Due to changes in the length of the phone number field, isdn4k-utils | |
243 | needs to be recompiled or (preferably) upgraded. | |
244 | ||
245 | NFS-utils | |
246 | --------- | |
247 | ||
5adaf851 LT |
248 | In ancient (2.4 and earlier) kernels, the nfs server needed to know |
249 | about any client that expected to be able to access files via NFS. This | |
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250 | information would be given to the kernel by "mountd" when the client |
251 | mounted the filesystem, or by "exportfs" at system startup. exportfs | |
252 | would take information about active clients from /var/lib/nfs/rmtab. | |
253 | ||
254 | This approach is quite fragile as it depends on rmtab being correct | |
255 | which is not always easy, particularly when trying to implement | |
256 | fail-over. Even when the system is working well, rmtab suffers from | |
257 | getting lots of old entries that never get removed. | |
258 | ||
5adaf851 LT |
259 | With modern kernels we have the option of having the kernel tell mountd |
260 | when it gets a request from an unknown host, and mountd can give | |
261 | appropriate export information to the kernel. This removes the | |
262 | dependency on rmtab and means that the kernel only needs to know about | |
263 | currently active clients. | |
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264 | |
265 | To enable this new functionality, you need to: | |
266 | ||
e4121712 | 267 | mount -t nfsd nfsd /proc/fs/nfsd |
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268 | |
269 | before running exportfs or mountd. It is recommended that all NFS | |
270 | services be protected from the internet-at-large by a firewall where | |
271 | that is possible. | |
272 | ||
172d899d AK |
273 | mcelog |
274 | ------ | |
275 | ||
c8c3f7d6 PB |
276 | On x86 kernels the mcelog utility is needed to process and log machine check |
277 | events when CONFIG_X86_MCE is enabled. Machine check events are errors reported | |
278 | by the CPU. Processing them is strongly encouraged. | |
172d899d | 279 | |
1da177e4 LT |
280 | Getting updated software |
281 | ======================== | |
282 | ||
283 | Kernel compilation | |
284 | ****************** | |
285 | ||
a1365647 AM |
286 | gcc |
287 | --- | |
288 | o <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/> | |
1da177e4 LT |
289 | |
290 | Make | |
291 | ---- | |
292 | o <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/> | |
293 | ||
294 | Binutils | |
295 | -------- | |
296 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/devel/binutils/> | |
297 | ||
298 | System utilities | |
299 | **************** | |
300 | ||
301 | Util-linux | |
302 | ---------- | |
303 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/> | |
304 | ||
305 | Ksymoops | |
306 | -------- | |
307 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/ksymoops/v2.4/> | |
308 | ||
309 | Module-Init-Tools | |
310 | ----------------- | |
311 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/rusty/modules/> | |
312 | ||
313 | Mkinitrd | |
314 | -------- | |
a6557737 | 315 | o <https://code.launchpad.net/initrd-tools/main> |
1da177e4 LT |
316 | |
317 | E2fsprogs | |
318 | --------- | |
319 | o <http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/e2fsprogs/e2fsprogs-1.29.tar.gz> | |
320 | ||
321 | JFSutils | |
322 | -------- | |
323 | o <http://jfs.sourceforge.net/> | |
324 | ||
325 | Reiserfsprogs | |
326 | ------------- | |
a6557737 | 327 | o <http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/fs/reiserfs/> |
1da177e4 LT |
328 | |
329 | Xfsprogs | |
330 | -------- | |
a6557737 | 331 | o <ftp://oss.sgi.com/projects/xfs/> |
1da177e4 | 332 | |
5085cb26 DB |
333 | Pcmciautils |
334 | ----------- | |
335 | o <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/pcmcia/> | |
336 | ||
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337 | Quota-tools |
338 | ---------- | |
339 | o <http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxquota/> | |
340 | ||
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341 | DocBook Stylesheets |
342 | ------------------- | |
03ebb7d0 | 343 | o <http://sourceforge.net/projects/docbook/files/docbook-dsssl/> |
1da177e4 | 344 | |
8b0c2d98 MW |
345 | XMLTO XSLT Frontend |
346 | ------------------- | |
347 | o <http://cyberelk.net/tim/xmlto/> | |
348 | ||
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349 | Intel P6 microcode |
350 | ------------------ | |
03ebb7d0 | 351 | o <https://downloadcenter.intel.com/> |
1da177e4 | 352 | |
1da177e4 LT |
353 | udev |
354 | ---- | |
03ebb7d0 | 355 | o <http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/udev.html> |
1da177e4 | 356 | |
909021ea MS |
357 | FUSE |
358 | ---- | |
359 | o <http://sourceforge.net/projects/fuse> | |
360 | ||
172d899d AK |
361 | mcelog |
362 | ------ | |
03ebb7d0 | 363 | o <http://www.mcelog.org/> |
172d899d | 364 | |
1da177e4 LT |
365 | Networking |
366 | ********** | |
367 | ||
368 | PPP | |
369 | --- | |
a6557737 | 370 | o <ftp://ftp.samba.org/pub/ppp/> |
1da177e4 LT |
371 | |
372 | Isdn4k-utils | |
373 | ------------ | |
a6557737 | 374 | o <ftp://ftp.isdn4linux.de/pub/isdn4linux/utils/> |
1da177e4 LT |
375 | |
376 | NFS-utils | |
377 | --------- | |
378 | o <http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=14> | |
379 | ||
380 | Iptables | |
381 | -------- | |
382 | o <http://www.iptables.org/downloads.html> | |
383 | ||
384 | Ip-route2 | |
385 | --------- | |
5d330cdd | 386 | o <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/net/iproute2/> |
1da177e4 LT |
387 | |
388 | OProfile | |
389 | -------- | |
390 | o <http://oprofile.sf.net/download/> | |
391 | ||
392 | NFS-Utils | |
393 | --------- | |
394 | o <http://nfs.sourceforge.net/> | |
395 |